Batcheloromyces leucadendri sp. nov. on spp. in South Africa

P.S. van Wyk, W.F.O. Marasas and P.S. Knox-Davies Department of Pathology, University of the Orange Free State, Bloemfontein, National Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg and Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch

Batcheloromyces leucadendri Van Wyk, Marasas & Knox­ The genus Batcheloromyces Marasas, Van Wyk & Knox­ Davies sp. nov., is described and illustrated from leaves of Davies is characterized by the production of brown conidia several species of Leucadendron () in the Cape on annellides formed in sporodochium-like plates on a Province of the Republic of South Africa. In the new radiating superficial mycelium on leaves. The conidiogenous species sporodochium-like plates are smaller, the conidia are larger with more septa and they are more rough-walled cells (annellides) are calyciform with distinct annellations and than in the closely related B. proteae Marasas, Van Wyk & are one or two-celled; brown, bacilliform conidia are produced Knox-Davies on spp. by successive percurrent proliferations of the conidiogenous S. A fr. J. Bot. 1985, 51: 344 - 346 cells (Marasas, Van Wyk & Knox-Davies I975). A single species, B. proteae Marasas, Van Wyk & Knox-Davies, is Batche/oromyces /eucadendri Van Wyk, Marasas & Knox­ included in the genus and to date this species has been collected Davies sp. nov., word beskryf en ge"lllustreer op blare van Leucadendron (Proteaceae) in die Kaapprovinsie, Republiek only on the leaves of L. in the Cape van Suid-Afrika. Die nuwe spesie het kleiner sporodochium­ Province of the Republic of South Africa (Marasas et at. I975; agtige plate, groter conidia met meer septa en 'n growwer Smit, Engelbrecht & Knox-Davies I983). This paper reports tekstuur as die van die naverwante B. proteae Marasas, Van on the occurrence of B. proteae on two additional species of Wyk & Knox-Davies op Protea spp. Protea, and a second species of Batcheloromyces on S.-Afr. Tydskr. Plantk. 1985, 51: 344-346 Leucadendron spp. (Proteaceae) is described as B. leucadendri sp. nov. Keywords: Batche/oromyces /eucadendri, leaf spot, Leucadendron species Batcheloromyces leucadendri Van Wyk, Marasas et Knox-Davies, sp. nov. Coloniae amphigenae, radiantes, atrae, orbiculatae vel irregulares. Stromata superficiale, pulvinata 25 - 105 11m diam. Hyphae 2,2- 4,0 11m crassae. Conidiophora effusa sed crebberina in centro coloniae, plerumque ex cella conidiogena una composita. Cellae conidiogenae -calyciformis, usque ad 4 proliferationes successivas (annelationes) producentes, 2,8-4,6 11m longae. Conidia solitaria, brunnea, crassitunicata, laevia ad verrucosa, ellipsoidea vel bacillaria, continua 4,6- 7,4 X 4, I - 6,0 11m vel uniseptata 6,4- 10,3 x 4,0-7,2 11m vel biseptata 13,I- 13,7 x 3,2-5,4 !J.m. Habitat in foliis vivis Leucadendron gandogeri Schinz ex Gandoger, Betty's Bay, Cape Province, Republic of South Africa, 27 iii 84, VanWyk, PREM 47423, holotypus.

P .S. van Wyk* Colonies on leaves amphigenous, circular (Figure I) to Department of Plant Pathology, University of the Orange Free irregular (Figure 2), radiating, discrete but becoming confluent State, Bloemfontein, 9300 Republic of South Africa and covering large areas of the leaf surface, dark brown to W.F.O. Marasas black and sometimes causing a discolouration of the leaf National Research Institute for Nutritional Diseases, South African tissue. Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 70, Tygerberg, 7505 Republic Mycelium in the leaf tissue composed of thick, dark brown of South Africa stromatic mycelial plugs in the stomatal cavity (Figure 9) and P.S. Knox-Davies dark brown hyphae in the substomatal cells. The mycelial Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, plugs are erumpent through the stomata and form black, Stellenbosch, 7600 Republic of South Africa pulvinate, sporodochium-like plates (Figures 9 & 10) of *To whom correspondence should be addressed radiating hyphae closely adhering to the leaf surface. Leaf spots comprise numerous black mycelial plates 25 - 105 11m Accepted 27 May 1985 diam. (Figure I 0) and a single plate is composed of a single S. Afr. J. Bot., 1985, 51(5) 345

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Figures 1-11 Batcheloromyces leucadendri on Leucadendron spp. 1. Circular leaf spots on L. discolor (bar = I mm). 2. Irregular leaf spots on L. sa/ignum (bar = 5 mm). 3 & 4. Three-celled conidia (bar = 10 !liD). 5. A two-celled conidium (bar = 10 !liD). 6. A one-celled conidium (bar = 10 !liD). 7. Scanning electron micrograph showing conidium formation as blown-out ends of the apex of the conidiogenous cell (A) and annellations on the conidiogenous cell (B) (bar = 10 !liD). 8. Scanning electron micrograph showing the proliferation of the conidiogenous cell to give rise to a hypha (bar = 10 !liD). 9. Sporodochial plate with mycelial plug in the stomatal cavity (bar = 10 !liD). 10. Scanning electron micrograph of sporodochial plate with annellides and radiating hyphae (bar = I !liD). 11. Scanning electron micrograph of the single layer of radiating hyphae that gives rise to the sporodochium-like plate (bar = 10 !liD). All material was prepared for scanning electron microscopy according to Brown & Brotzman (1979). 346 S.-Afr. Tydskr. Plantk., 1985, 51(5) layer of radiating, septate, brown hyphae 2,2- 4,0 1-1m diam. -on L. discolor Phill. & Hutch., Stellenbosch, 26 July 1984, Van (Figure 11 ). Conidiophores arise singly as short, simple, erect Wyk 44917 (PREM). or ascending lateral branches on the superficial hyphae (Figures 7, 8 & 10), effuse but concentrated in the centre of B. leucadendri differs from B. proteae in several respects: the colonies directly above the stomata, usually consisting of The sporodochium-like plates are smaller, usually only half a single terminal conidiogenous cell but sometimes the coni­ the size of those in B. proteae; the conidia are frequently one diogenous cell proliferates to produce a hypha (Figure 8). to two-septate and larger (4,6 -13,7 x 3,2-7,2 1-1m) than Conidiogenous cells (annellides) are dark brown, discrete, those of B. proteae which are usually non-septate, rarely one­ terminal, percurrent with up to four annellations (Figure 7), septate, and measure 3,9-9,1 x 2,8-4,2 1-1m (Marasas et typically calyciform 2,8- 4,6 1-1m long, 2,2 - 3,0 1-1m diam. a/. 1975); and the walls of the conidia are rough, even at the base and widening towards the apex which is 3,1 - 5,4 verrucose, in B. leucadendri whereas those in B. proteae are 1-1m wide. Conidia arise singly as blown-out ends of the apex smooth. These differences were consistently found in all the of conidiogenous cells (Figure 7), solitary, dry, brown, oblong­ collections of B. leucadendri on different species of ellipsoidal or bacilliform with both ends rounded, thick-walled, Leucadendron and of B. proteae on Proteae cynaroides smooth to verrucose, one-celled 4,6- 7,4 x 4,1 - 6,0 1-1m (Marasas eta/. 1975) as well as in the new collections of B. (Figure 6), two-celled 6,4- 10,3 x 4,0- 7,2 1-1m (Figure 5) proteae on P. grandiceps Tratt. (PREM 47431) and P. punctata Meisn. (PREM 47429). and three-celled 13,1-13,7 x 3,2-5,4~--Lm (Figures 3 & 4). On living leaves of Leucadendron gandogeri Schinz ex Acknowledgements Gandoger, Betty's Bay, Cape Province, Republic of South We are indebted to Dr M.B. Ellis of the Commonwealth Africa, 27 March 1984, VanWyk (PREM 47423, holotype). Mycological Institute, Kew, for his examination of a portion of the collection on L. salignum ( = L. adscendens) and for Specimens examined helpful comments. CAPE. -on L. gandogeri Schinz ex Gandoger, Oudebos, Betty's Bay 27 March 1984, Van Wyk 47423 (PREM); References -on L. laureolum (Lam.) Fourcade, Protea Heights, 20 October BROWN, M.F. & BROTZMAN, H.G. 1979. Phytopathogenic 1983, G. Jacobs 44917 (PREM); Fungi: A scanning electron stereoscopic survey. Univ. of - on L. argenteum (L) R.Br., Oudebos, Betty's Bay, 27 March Missouri. 355 pp. 1984, Van Wyk 47426 (PREM); MARASAS, W.F.O., VANWYK, P.S. & KNOX-DAVIES, P.S. -on L. uliginosum R.Br., Stellenbosch, 26 March 1984, Van Wyk 1975 . Batcheloromyces, a new genus of annellidic dematiaceous 47427 (PREM); Hyphomycetes on Protea cynaroides in South Africa. Jl S. Ajr. -on L. salicijolium (Salisb.) Williams, Oudebos, Betty's Bay, 27 Bot. 41: 41 - 45. March 1984, Van Wyk 47428 (PREM); SMIT, W.A., ENGELBRECHT, M.C. & KNOX-DAVIES, P.S. - on L. salignum Berg. ( =L. adscendens R.Br.), Kogelbay, 27 1983. Studies on Batcheloromyces leaf spot of Protea March 1984, Van Wyk 47426 (PREM); cynaroides. Phytophylactica 15 : 125 - 131.