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Home , Anxiety, Confusion, Depression (mood), Irritability, Psychomotor agitation, Psychomotor retardation

of , Street Names, and Effects Adapted from Commonly Abused Drugs (NIDA)

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Sedatives/ Sedation, lower , , Agitation, , Wernicke , confusion, , hallucinosis, , Korsakoff , working behavioral disinhibition, respiratory tremens and deficits, , blackouts, , coma decreased visuospatial functioning [Brown: 2008] (Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, Sedation, lower anxiety, dizziness, Agitation, confusion, Unknown : barbs, reds, red birds, confusion, psychomotor retardation, hallucinosis, seizures, delirium phennies, tooies, yellows, yellow jackets) behavioral disinhibition, respiratory tremens depression, blackouts, sleep, coma

Benzodiazepines (Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Sedation, lower anxiety, dizziness, Agitation, confusion, Unknown Valium, Xanax: candy, downers, sleeping confusion, psychomotor retardation, hallucinosis, seizures, delirium pills, tranks, K, K‐pin, eggs, jellies, vallies, behavioral disinhibition, respiratory tremens bars, Xanies, Z‐bars) depression, blackouts, sleep, coma Methaqualone ‐ synthetic Dizziness, /, , Agitation, confusion, , other effects (quaalude, Sopor, Parest: ludes, mandrex, respiratory depression, confusion hallucinosis, seizures, delirium unknown quad, quay) tremens Cannabinoids Hashish (boom, chronic, gangster, hash, Conjunctival injection, increased , , , Cough, respiratory infections, hash oil, hemp) appetite, dry mouth, , nervousness or anxiety, impaired memory and learning, impaired coordination and judgment, , decreased appetite, increased heart rate, anxiety, , of slowed thinking and restlessness, depression, development of later in reaction time abdominal , , life [Pope: 2001] [Moore: 2007] sweating, , chills,

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects Marijuana (420, blunt, dope, ganja, Conjunctival injection, increased Irritability, anger, aggression, Cough, respiratory infections, grass, herb, joints, Mary Jane, pot, appetite, dry mouth, tachycardia, nervousness or anxiety, EVALI, cannabinoid hyperemesis oil, budder, reefer, sinsemilla, impaired coordination and judgment, insomnia, decreased appetite, syndrome, impaired memory and

skunk, vaping, weed) euphoria, sense of slowed thinking and restlessness, depression, learning, increased heart rate, reaction time anxiety, development of abdominal pain, tremor, psychosis later in life [Moore: sweating, fever, chills, 2007] [Schep 2020] headache (spice, K2, black Altered sense of time, , Craving, and Unknown mamba, blaze, bliss, fake pot, fake weed, psychosis (, , insomnia, sweating, nausea, genie, joker, moon rocks, Scooby snacks, agitation, and violence) tremor, , , skunk, smoke, Yucatan fire) irritability, depression Nicotine (chewing , snuff, Nausea, vomiting, , salivation, Irritability, , anger, Working memory and learning cigarettes, vaping) pallor, weakness, elevated BP/HR, anxiety, difficulty concentrating, deficits [Kenney:2008] tremor, cold sweats increased appetite, restlessness, depressed , insomnia

Amphetamine (bennies, black beauties, Euphoria, hypervigilance, anxiety, anger, , , Tooth decay, gum , loss of crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, irritability, impaired judgment, autonomic suicidality (“the crash”), fatigue, smell, nasal damage, GI infection truck drivers, uppers) instability, mydriasis, sweating and chills, vivid and unpleasant , (loss of bowel tissue), poor sleep disturbance (insomnia or nutrition, weight decreased appetite and weight loss, ), psychomotor loss, attention and impulse‐ , and retardation, agitation control deficits [Dalley: 2005] cardiac arrhythmia, confusion, seizures, psychosis

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects Bath Salts (bliss, blue silk, cloud nine, Hallucinations, agitation, euphoria, Depression , renal failure, ivory wave, lunar wave, red dawn, red paranoia, nightmares, insomnia, suicidal hepatotoxicity, skeletal muscle dove, sextasy, stardust, vanilla sky, white thoughts, prolonged attacks, fever, tissue breakdown burn, white china, white dove, white tinnitus, , muscle , chest lightning, wicked x or xx) pain, seizures Anxiety, psychomotor agitation, Headache, fatigue, anxiety, Anxiety, tremor restlessness, muscle twitching, , GI irritability, dysphoria, disturbance, >1 g – rambling speech, muscle pain/stiffness confusion, agitation, tinnitus, >10 g – seizures, respiratory failure, death (blow, bump, C, candy, Charlie, Euphoria, hypervigilance, anxiety, anger, Dysphoria, anhedonia, Cognitive deficits [Hernandez: coke, crack, flake, rock, snow, toot) irritability, impaired judgment, autonomic suicidality (“the crash”), fatigue, 2005] tooth decay, gum disease, instability, mydriasis, sweating and chills, vivid and unpleasant dreams, loss of smell, nasal damage, GI decreased appetite and weight loss, sleep disturbance (insomnia or infection (loss of bowel tissue), psychomotor agitation, chest pain and hypersomnia), psychomotor poor nutrition, weight cardiac arrhythmia, confusion, seizures, retardation, agitation loss, attention and impulse‐ psychosis control deficits [Dalley: 2005] Khat (Abyssinian tea, African salad, kat, Euphoria, hyperarousal, increased heart rate Depression, nightmares, low GI problems, tooth decay, gum oat) and blood pressure, irritability, insomnia energy disease, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction (chalk, crank, crystal, Euphoria, hypervigilance, anxiety, anger, Dysphoria, anhedonia, Tooth decay, gum disease, loss fire, glass, go fast, ice, meth, speed) irritability, impaired judgment, autonomic suicidality (“the crash”), fatigue, of smell, nasal damage, GI instability, mydriasis, sweating and chills, vivid and unpleasant dreams, infection (loss of bowel tissue), decreased appetite and weight loss, sleep disturbance (insomnia or poor nutrition, weight psychomotor agitation, chest pain and hypersomnia), psychomotor loss, attention and impulse‐ cardiac arrhythmia, confusion, seizures, retardation, agitation control deficits [Dalley: 2005] psychosis

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Opioids

Heroin (brown sugar, China white, dope, Euphoria or dysphoria, impaired judgment, Dysphoria, GI symptoms (N/V, Abscesses, endocarditis, H, horse, junk, smack) miosis, warm skin, flushing, drowsiness, diarrhea), muscle and bone pain, constipation, liver and kidney slurred speech, impaired memory, respiratory lacrimation, rhinorrhea, yawning, disease, pneumonia, cognitive depression, seizures mydriasis, piloerection, sweating, deficits [Lyvers: 2003] fever, insomnia

Natural (, codeine, Drowsiness, meiosis, confusion, slurred Nausea/vomiting, muscle aches, Hyperalgesia [Brush 2021], thebaine) speech, constipation, respiratory depression, bone pain, severe sweating, constipation, tolerance, Semi‐synthetic (, mood swings agitation, restlessness, diarrhea, endocrinopathies, sleep , , ) excessive tearing and rhinorrhea, disorders [Harned 2016] Synthetic (fentanyl, pethidine, meperidine, shivering, abdominal pain , tramadol)

Prescription opioids (codeine, Euphoria or dysphoria, impaired Dysphoria, GI symptoms (N/V, Abscesses, endocarditis, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, judgment, miosis, warm skin, flushing, diarrhea), muscle and bone constipation, liver and kidney meperidine, methadone, morphine, drowsiness, slurred speech, impaired pain, lacrimation, rhinorrhea, disease, pneumonia, cognitive oxycodone, fentanyl) memory, respiratory depression, seizures yawning, mydriasis, deficits [Lyvers: 2003] piloerection, sweating, fever, insomnia

Hallucinogens

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD, acid, Mood change (anxiety or depression), Unknown Scary flashbacks, psychosis, blotter, boomers, cubes, microdot, yellow of “losing one’s mind,” intense sensory paranoia, mood swings sunshines) experiences, paranoia, ideas of reference, , illusions or hallucinations, , mydriasis. Tachycardia, sweating, , blurred vision, tremor, incoordination

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Mescaline (buttons, cactus, mesc, peyote) Mood change (anxiety or depression), Unknown Scary flashbacks, psychosis, fear of “losing one’s mind,” intense paranoia, mood swings sensory experiences, paranoia, ideas of reference, derealization, illusions or hallucinations, synesthesia, mydriasis. Tachycardia, sweating, palpitations, blurred vision, tremor, incoordination Phencyclidine (PCP, angel dust, boat, hog, Vertical or rotary nystagmus, Lethargy, depression, cravings Scary flashbacks, psychosis, boat, peace pill) hypertension, tachycardia, numbness, paranoia, mood swings decreased pain response, ataxia, dysarthria, muscle rigidity, , seizures/coma, belligerence, agitation and violence, impulsiveness, impaired judgment, agitation (magic , purple , Mood change (anxiety or depression), Unknown Scary flashbacks, psychosis, shrooms) fear of “losing one’s mind,” intense paranoia, mood swings sensory experiences, paranoia, ideas of reference, derealization, illusions or hallucinations, synesthesia, mydriasis. tachycardia, sweating, palpitations, blurred vision, tremor, incoordination 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine Mood change (anxiety or depression), Unknown Scary flashbacks, psychosis, (MDMA, Adam, clarity, , Eve, lover's fear of “losing one’s mind,” intense paranoia, mood swings speed, Molly, peace, STP, X, XTC) sensory experiences, paranoia, ideas of reference, derealization, illusions or hallucinations, synesthesia, mydriasis, tachycardia, sweating, palpitations, blurred vision, tremor, incoordination

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Synthetic (Bath salts, Flakka, Euphoria, Paranoia, hallucinations, Depression, anxiety, , Scarface, vanilla sky, white lightening) increased friendliness or sex drive, panic insomnia, paranoia attacks, and or agitation. Increased HR, BP, and chest pain.

Inhalants (laughing gas, poppers, snappers, Dizziness, wheezing, nystagmus, slurred Irritability, dysphoria, sleep , depression, sudden whippets) speech, unsteady gait, hyporeflexia, disturbance, headache, dry death (suffocation, cardiac psychomotor retardation, mouth, lacrimation arrhythmia), CT/MRI ‐ diffuse Amyl nitrate, isobutyl nitrate, incoordination, tremor, muscle atrophy with leukoence‐ weakness, diplopia, stupor, phalopathy, areas of decreased unconsciousness, impaired memory cerebral blood , peripheral neuropathy, memory loss, Parkinson‐like movement disorders, cognitive impairment , subacute combined degeneration [Lan 2019] [Rosenberg:1988] Over‐the‐Counter Medication

Cough syrup/ (Robo, Euphoria, slurred speech, increased Unknown Unknown Robo‐tripping, Triple C) HR/BP, dizziness, nausea/vomiting, paranoia, altered visual

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Anabolic Steroids Androl‐50 (oxymetholone), Oxandrin Not typically associated with an immediate Mood swings, fatigue, Aggression, irritability, manic (oxandrolone, formerly Anavar), "high," but rather with a delayed effect of restlessness, loss of episodes, paranoia, delusions, and Dianabol (methandrostenolone), muscle and enhancement, appetite, insomnia, and impaired judgment resulting from Winstrol (stanozolol), Durabolin and persistent use can lead to a dependence severe depression if of invincibility, hepatic Deca‐Durabolin (nandrolone and syndrome similar to dependence. discontinued abruptly dysfunction, renal dysfunction, nandrolone decanoate), Clen [Kanayama: 2009] hypertension, heart attacks, (clenbuterol, used for weight loss), dyslipidemia with increased LDL Trenbol75 (trenbolone), Equipoise and decreased HDL , (boldenone, now only legally tumors of the liver and kidney, severe . Men ‐ testicular available in veterinary medicine atrophy, azoospermia, infertility, formulations) ('Roids, juice, gym hair loss, gynecomastia, increased candy, andro, pumpers, stackers) for prostate . Women ‐ growth of facial hair, male‐pattern baldness, menstrual changes, clitoromegaly, deepened voice. Adolescents ‐ early puberty, accelerated skeletal maturation with possible stunted growth and reduced height if anabolic steroids are taken prior to pubertal growth spurt [Casavant 2007] Club Drugs / “Date‐” Drugs

Gamma‐hydroxybutyrate (GHB, Georgia Euphoria, drowsiness, confusion, Insomnia, anxiety, tremor, Unknown home boy, grievous bodily harm, liquid hallucinations, psychomotor sweating, elevated heart rate ecstasy) agitation/excitation, and blood pressure low thyroid, low blood, pressure, low heart rate, unconsciousness, seizures, nausea/vomiting

Classification/Category Intoxication Withdrawal Chronic Use Name (Street Names) Effects Effects Effects

Ketamine (Ketalar SV: cat Valium, K, Attention/memory problems, dreamlike Unknown Depression, memory loss, kidney Special K, vitamin K) state, hallucinations, sedation, problems, bladder ulcers, and

confusion, memory loss, profound pain psychomotor retardation, respiratory depression Rohypnol/ (forget‐me pill, Sedation, lower anxiety, dizziness, Agitation, confusion, Unknown Mexican Valium, R2, roche, roofies, confusion, psychomotor retardation, hallucinosis, seizures, delirium roofinol, rope, rophies) behavioral disinhibition, respiratory tremens depression, blackouts, sleep, coma

Authors

Author: Travis Norseth, BS Senior Author: Mary Steinmann, MD

Content First Published 5/2017 Content Last Updated: 8/2021

Bibliography

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National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Services. https://www.drugabuse.gov/drug‐ topics/commonly‐used‐drugs‐charts Accessed 8/20/2021.