CIVIL SERVICES (PRELIMINARY) TEST SERIES – 2018
TEST BOOKLET SERIES Test Code: ANSWER & EXPLANATION P1-1809 GENERAL STUDIES TEST – 9 A ANSWERS
Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers 1 (c) 26 (c) 51 (c) 76 (b)
2 (a) 27 (c) 52 (c) 77 (a) 3 (b) 28 (d) 53 (d) 78 (c) 4 (d) 29 (b) 54 (c) 79 (b) 5 (d) 30 (c) 55 (c) 80 (d) 6 (b) 31 (c) 56 (c) 81 (a) 7 (c) 32 (b) 57 (a) 82 (b) 8 (c) 33 (a) 58 (a) 83 (a) 9 (b) 34 (a) 59 (b) 84 (c) 10 (b) 35 (c) 60 (b) 85 (b) 11 (a) 36 (a) 61 (c) 86 (c) 12 (d) 37 (c) 62 (b) 87 (b) 13 (c) 38 (b) 63 (b) 88 (d) 14 (b) 39 (b) 64 (d) 89 (b) 15 (b) 40 (c) 65 (d) 90 (b) 16 (b) 41 (d) 66 (b) 91 (a) 17 (a) 42 (b) 67 (c) 92 (c) 18 (a) 43 (b) 68 (a) 93 (b) 19 (b) 44 (c) 69 (a) 94 (a) 20 (b) 45 (b) 70 (c) 95 (a) 21 (d) 46 (b) 71 (d) 96 (c) 22 (c) 47 (b) 72 (a) 97 (c) 23 (a) 48 (a) 73 (b) 98 (c) 24 (d) 49 (c) 74 (d) 99 (a) 25 (b) 50 (b) 75 (a) 100 (c) 1. (c) O;k[;k% zznhun;ky vUR;ksn; ;kstuk& jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku zzlafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 35A esa tEew&d'ehj dh foèkkulHkk dks (DAY-NRLM ) ds varxZr leqnk; vkèkkfjr laxBu (CBOs) ;g vfèkdkj fn;k x;k gS fd og jkT; ds LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa ds fy;s miyCèk djk, x, lkeqnkf;d fuos'k dks"k (CIF) dh fLFkfr o muds fo'ks"kkfèkdkjksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djs_ blds fy;s dk mi;ksx bl uohu vkthfodk igy esa Lo;a lgk;rk mUgsa vU; jkT;ksa ds fuokfl;ksa ds lekurk ds vfèkdkj ;k fdUgha lewgksa ds lg;ksx ds fy;s fd;k tk,xkA vU; laoSèkkfud vfèkdkjksa ds vfrØe.k ds vkèkkj ij fdlh zzleqnk; vkèkkfjr laxBuksa (CBOs) }kjk vius lkeqnkf;d pqukSrh dk lkeuk ugha djuk iM+sxkA fuos'k dks"k ls ykHk çkIr djus okys Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds zzbls o"kZ 1954 esa jk"Vªifr }kjk tkjh vkns'k ds ekè;e ls lnL;ksa dks okgu •jhnus ds fy;s 6.50 yk• #i, rd dk lafoèkku ds vuqPNsn 370 (1) ds varxZr lfEefyr fd;k C;kt jfgr ½.k eqgS;k djk;k tkrk gSA oSdfYid :i ls] x;k FkkA bl çdkj lgh mÙkj fodYi (c) gSA leqnk; vkèkkfjr laxBuksa (CBOs) }kjk okgu dks vfèkÑr zztEew ,oa d'ehj dk lafoèkku 17 uoacj] 1956 dks viuk;k fd;k tk,xk rFkk bls Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds ,d lnL; x;k FkkA blds varxZr fdlh O;fDr ds 14 ebZ] 1954 dks dks iV~Vs ij fn;k tk,xk rkfd og bl okgu dks pyk, o jkT; dk fuoklh gksus dks ¶LFkk;h fuoklh¸ ds :i esa leqnk; vkèkkfjr laxBuksa (CBOs) dks r; fdjk, dk Hkqxrku ifjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gS] lkFk gh] ,sls O;fDr dks Hkh ¶LFkk;h djsA bl çdkj] dFku 1 lgh gSA fuoklh¸ dk ntkZ fey ldrk gS tks nl o"kk±s rd jkT; dk zzLo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lnL; LohÑr ekxks± ij iwoZ fuèkkZfjr fuoklh jgk gks rFkk mlus jkT; esa dkuwuh rkSj ij vpy vko`fÙk ds lkFk okgu pyk,axs] tSlk fd leqnk; vkèkkfjr laifÙk vftZr dh gksA laxBuksa (CBOs) rFkk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lapkydksa ds chp foÙkh; O;kogkfjdrk o ifjogu laidZ dh vko';drk ppkZ esa D;ksa% ij vkèkkfjr la;qDr :i ls lgefr cuh gSA vuqPNsn 35A dh ySafxd HksnHkko ds elys ij Hkh vkykspuk zzbl ;kstuk ds varxZr lHkh okguksa ds fy;s ,d ifjHkkf"kr dh xbZ gSA blds }kjk tEew ,oa d'ehj ds lafoèkku esa dqN jax dwV gksxk rFkk mlds lkFk vkthfodk xzkeh.k ,Dlçsl ,sls çkoèkkuksa dks lajf{kr fd;k x;k gS ftlds }kjk laifÙk ds ;kstuk (AGEY) dk VªsMekdZ gksxk ftlls mudh igpku vkèkkjHkwr vfèkdkj dks çfrcafèkr fd;k gSA oLrqr% blds vuqlkj lqfuf'pr gks lds o vU; ekxks± dh rjiQ fopyu dks lekIr ;fn ,d LFkkuh; efgyk fdlh ,sls iq#"k ls fookg djrh gS fd;k tk ldsA ftlds ikl tEew&d'ehj esa LFkk;h fuokl dk çek.k&i=k ugha 3. (b) O;k[;k% gS rks mlds cPpksa dks Hkh laifÙk ds bu vfèkdkjksa ls oafpr zzbZ&'kfDr] Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa (SHGs) ds fMftVyhdj.k j•k tk,xkA ds fy;s jk"Vªh; Ñf"k ,oa xzkeh.k fodkl cSad (NABARD) 2. (a) O;k[;k% dh ,d ik;yV ifj;kstuk gSA dqN leL;kvksa ds lekèkku zzxzkeh.k fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ vkthfodk xzkeh.k dks ysdj bldh 'kq#vkr gqbZ] tSls Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa ds ,Dlçsl ;kstuk (AGEY) nhun;ky vUR;ksn; ;kstuk& jk"Vªh; cgh•krksa dh xq.koÙkk esa lqèkkj djuk rFkk cSadksa dks ,d xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku (DAY-NRLM) ds varxZr ,d çcaèku lwpuk i¼fr (MIS) ds ekè;e ls lewg ds fo"k; mi ;kstuk gSA bl çdkj] dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA esa lwpuk laiUu ØsfMV fu.kZ; ysus esa l{ke cukukA zznhun;ky vUR;ksn; ;kstuk& jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku zz;g Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa ds fy;s] lk• ds fuèkkZj.k esa cSadjksa (DAY-NRLM) ds varxZr Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa }kjk fiNM+s dh lqfoèkk esa o`f¼ ds lkFk O;kid lhek esa foÙkh; lsokvksa bykdksa esa lM+d ifjogu lsok lapkfyr dh tk,xhA blds rd igq¡p miyCèk djokus esa enn djsxh rFkk bls fuEufyf•r }kjk lqnwjorhZ xk¡oksa dks eq[; lsokvksa o ewyHkwr lqfoèkkvksa rjhds ls lac¼ djsxh% (tSls fd ck”kkj rd igq¡p] f'k{kk o LokLF;) ls tksM+us ds zzLo;a lgk;rk lewg (SHG) ds lnL;ksa dks jk"Vªh; foÙkh; fy;s lqjf{kr] oguh; o lkeqnkf;d fuxjkuh dh xzkeh.k lekos'ku ,tsaMs ls tksM+ukA ifjogu lsok miyCèk djkus esa enn feysxh] ftlls fiNM+s zzcSadksa o Lo;a lgk;rk lewg ds lnL;ksa ds chp baVjiQsl dh xzkeh.k {ks=kksa dk lexz vkfFkZd fodkl gks ldsxkA blds }kjk xq.koÙkk esa lqèkkj djuk] ftlls miyCèk rduhd dk ç;ksx Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks vkthfodk dk vfrfjDr ekxZ Hkh djrs gq, dq'ky o vojksèk eqDr cSafdax lsok,¡ çnku dh tk miyCèk djk;k tk,xkA ldsaA
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzvkèkkj ls tqM+h gqbZ igpku dk mi;ksx djrs gq, forj.k zziSxksax Rlks fookfnr {ks=k esa fLFkr gSA okLrfod fu;a=k.k js•k ç.kkyh ds lkFk Lo;a lgk;rk lewg (SHG) dks lac¼ djukA >hy ls gksdj xq”kjrh gSA okLrfod fu;a=k.k js•k ls yxHkx bl çdkj] dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA 20 fdeh- iwoZ esa >hy dk ,d fgLlk phu ds fu;a=k.k esa gS zzbZ&'kfDr ds ekè;e ls fMftVyhdj.k ds }kjk vkèkkj ls tqM+s ftl ij Hkkjr }kjk nkok fd;k tkrk gSA bl >hy dk iwohZ Nksj •krs rFkk vU; ljdkjh ykHkksa dh lac¼rk dk mi;ksx djrs frCcr esa fLFkr gSA 19oha 'krkCnh ds eè; ls] iSxksax Rlks gq, lkekftd ykHkksa rFkk çR;{k ykHk gLrkarj.k (DBT) esa rFkkdfFkr tkWulu ykbu ds nf{k.kh Nksj ij Fkh] tks vDlkbZ vklkuh gksxhA bl çdkj] dFku 2 lgh gSA fpu {ks=k esa Hkkjr vkSj phu ds chp lhekadu dk ,d 'kq#vkrh ç;kl FkkA vr% (d) lgh fodYi gSA zzfMftVy l'kDrhdj.k ds }kjk vYi lk{kj ykHkkFkhZ ds fy;s zz•ukZd fdyk (Khunark Fort) >hy ds mÙkjh fdukjs ij fLFkr cgh •krs dks vklku cukdj Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks ,d gS] tks iSaxksax Rlks ds vkèks jkLrs ds cjkcj gSA 1952 ls phfu;ksa lk>k osc vkèkkfjr bZ&IysViQkWeZ ij ykus esa enn feysxhA us •ukZd fdyk {ks=k dks vius fu;a=k.k esa j•k gSA blds nf{k.k ;g foÙkh; lekos'ku ds jk"Vªh; ,tsaMs dks çksRlkfgr djus esa NksVh LiSaxxqj Rlks >hy gSA esa ennxkj gksxhA zzlfnZ;ksa ds nkSjku •kjk ikuh gksus ds ckotwn Hkh >hy iwjh rjg 4. (d) O;k[;k% ls te tkrh gSA ;g >hy jkelj dUosa'ku ds rgr varjkZ"Vªh; zz2017 esa varjkZ"Vªh; leqæh •kst vkSj cpko vH;kl egÙo dh vkæZHkwfe ds :i esa fpfÉr fd;s tkus dh çfØ;k esa (IMMSAREX) dk vk;kstu fgan egklkxj ukSlSfud laxks"Bh gSA ;g Hkwfe bl lEesyu ds rgr nf{k.k ,f'k;k esa igyh (IONS) ds rÙokoèkku esa 26&28 uoacj] 2017 rd ckaXykns'k ikj&lhek vkæZHkwfe gksxhA ds dkWDl ck”kkj esa gqvk FkkA 6. (b) O;k[;k% zzfgan egklkxj ukSlSfud laxks"Bh Hkkjrh; ukSlsuk dh ,d igy zzHkkjr us gky gh esa ^ikfjfLFkfrdh lsok lqèkkj ifj;kstuk* ds gS ftldh 'kq#vkr 2008 esa gqbZ Fkh] blds 23 lnL; jk"Vª fy;s fo'o cSad ds lkFk oSf'od i;kZoj.k lqfoèkk (GEF) tcfd 9 i;Zos{kd jk"Vª gSaA 2017 esa fgan egklkxj ukSlSfud vuqnku le>kSrs ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSaA laxks"Bh dh vè;{krk ckaXykns'k us dh vkSj ,slk igyh ckj zzbl ifj;kstuk dk vkdkj 24-64 fefy;u vesjhdh MkWyj gS gS tc bl vH;kl dks fgan egklkxj ukSlSfud laxks"Bh ds vkSj tks iwjh rjg ls fo'o cSad ds thbZ,iQ VªLV fufèk ls pkVZj ds rgr IMMSAREX dgk x;kA foÙkiksf"kr gksxkA bl ifj;kstuk dh vofèk 5 o"kZ gSA zzbl vH;kl ds lkFk 28 uoacj] 2017 dks dkWDl ck”kkj esa zzi;kZoj.k ou ,oa tyok;q ifjorZu ea=kky; (MoEF-CC) gfjr IONS ds ECoC dh cSBd Hkh gqbZ] ftlesa lHkh lnL; jk"Vªksa Hkkjr jk"Vªh; fe'ku ds rgr Hkkjrh; okfudh vuqlaèkku ,oa ds ukSlsuk çeq• 'kkfey gq,A f'k{kk ifj"kn ds ekè;e ls NÙkhlx<+ vkSj eè; çns'k jkT;ksa esa zzIONS ds rhu dk;Z'khy lewgksa (ftuds uke gSa& HADR] bl ifj;kstuk dks ykxw djsxkA vr% (b) lgh fodYi gSA lkeqfæd lqj{kk vkSj lwpuk vknku&çnku rFkk ikjLifjdrk) zzbl ifj;kstuk dk mís'; ou ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k lsokvksa dks c<+kuk dh çxfr dh leh{kk djus ds vykok ECoC us IONS dh vkSj eè; Hkkjrh; ioZrh; bykdksa (highland) esa ou&vkfJr xfrfofèk;ksa ij Hkh fopkj&foe'kZ fd;kA leqnk;ksa dh vkthfodk esa lqèkkj ds fy;s okfudh vkSj lkeqnkf;d vr% (d) lgh fodYi gSA laxBuksa ds foHkkxksa dh laLFkkxr {kerk dks e”kcwr djuk gSA 5- (d) O;k[;k% uksV% tyok;q ifjorZu ij jk"Vªh; dk;Z ;kstuk ds varxZr 8 zziSxksax Rlks >hy fgeky; esa ,d can (,aMksfjd) >hy gSA ;g fe'ku gSaA ;s gSa% yxHkx 4]350 ehVj (14]270 iQhV) dh Å¡pkbZ ij fLFkr gSA 1- jk"Vªh; lkSj fe'ku bl >hy dh yackbZ dk yxHkx 60» fgLlk phu esa fLFkr gS 2- jk"Vªh; laof¼Zr ÅtkZ n{krk fe'ku (,aMksfjd >hy ,slh ty fudk; gksrh gS tks lkxj dh vksj 3- fVdkÅ vkokl ij jk"Vªh; fe'ku çokfgr ugha gksrh gS)A 4- jk"Vªh; ty fe'ku
641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 3 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 5- jk"Vªh; fgeky;h ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k iks"k.kh; fe'ku* iSuy ds lnL; thou ds fofHkUu {ks=kksa ls 2 o"kks± dh vofèk (NMSHE) ds fy;s dsaæ ljdkj }kjk euksuhr fd;s tkrs gSaA vr% dFku 2 6- gfjr Hkkjr jk"Vªh; fe'ku lgh gSA 7- jk"Vªh; lrr~ Ñf"k fe'ku zzlekpkjksa esa] gky gh esa dsaæ ljdkj us rhu lky ;k vxys 8- tyok;q ifjorZu gsrq lkefjd Kku ij jk"Vªh; fe'ku vkns'k rd (buesa ls tks Hkh igys gks) dh vofèk ds fy;s 7. (c) O;k[;k% ekStwnk dsaæh; cksMZ çek.ku dk iquxZBu fd;k gSA u, cksMZ dh zzrfeyukMq esa] daØhV ls cus Ñf=ke fHkfÙk;ksa dk ç;ksx ikfjfLFkfrd vè;{krk Jh çlwu tks'kh }kjk dh tk,xhA :i ls laosnu'khy }hiksa ds {kj.k dks jksdus vkSj eUukj dh 9- (b) O;k[;k% •kM+h {ks=k esa dksjy tSo& fofoèkrk dks iquthZfor djus ds fy;s zz^LoLFk cPps] LoLFk Hkkjr* dk;ZØe] dsaæh; fo|ky; ds 12 Hkh fd;k x;k gSA ;g Mwc jgs }hi dks cpkus vkSj iquLFkkZfir yk• ls vfèkd Nk=kksa gsrq ^'kkjhfjd LokLF; vkSj LokLF; djus ds fy;s Hkkjr esa igyk ç;kl gSA çksiQkby dkMZ* rS;kj djus ds fy;s dsaæh; fo|ky; laxBu dh zzoku }hi us vius dqN {ks=kksa dks iqu% çkIr dj fy;k gS] tks ,d igy dksfPp esa 'kq: dh xbZA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA dbZ n'kdksa ls dkiQh gn rd Mwc x, FksA ;g Mwc jgs }hi dks zz;g lHkh vk;q lewgksa vkSj fofHkUu {kerkvksa ds cPpksa dks 'kkfey cpkus vkSj iquLFkkZfir djus ds fy;s Hkkjr esa igyk ç;kl gSA djrs gq, cPpksa ds fy;s ,d O;kid vkSj lekos'kh fjiksVZ dkMZ zz leqæ dh rjiQ ls Mwc jgs }hi ds lekukarj Ñf=ke fHkfÙk;ksa dh çnku djsxkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA rSukrh èkkjkvksa vkSj rjaxksa ds çHkko dks de djrh gS vkSj zzNk=kksa] f'k{kdksa vkSj ekrk&firk dks vPNs LokLF; vkSj fiQVusl eNfy;ksa ds mPp mRiknu rFkk eNfy;ksa dh fofoèkrk ds laj{k.k ds egÙo ls voxr djkuk vkSj gj fnu 60 feuV •sy ds gsrq muds vkokl dks c<+krh gSA le; ds lkFk çkÑfrd dksjy fy;s çksRlkfgr djuk bl dk;ZØe dk mís'; gSA Ñf=ke fHkfÙk;ksa ls tqM+ tkrs gSa vkSj iqutZuu 'kq: dj nsrs gSaA zzbldk bjknk Nk=kksa ds chp fofHkUu •syksa vkSj mRÑ"Vrk ds •sy zzoku esa liQyrk ds ckn] rfeyukMq us nks vkSj }hiksa dh iquLFkkZiuk dk çLrko j•k gS vkSj 100 djksM+ #i, ds foÙkiks"k.k ds fy;s esa laHkkfor mRÑ"V çn'kZu djus okyksa dks çksRlkfgr djrs gq, gfjr tyok;q fufèk ls laidZ fd;k gSA vksyafid vkSj iSjkvksyafid ds ewY;ksa dks Hkh vkRelkr djuk gSA zzoku eUukj dh •kM+h esa 21 }hiksa esa ls ,d gS] ftls 1986 esa 10. (b) O;k[;k% leqæh tSo&fofoèkrk m|ku ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k FkkA oku eUukj zz^;qok* dkS'ky fodkl ,oa m|ferk ea=kky; (MoSDE) dh dh •kM+h ejhu us'kuy ikdZ ds nf{k.kh fljs ij fLFkr enn ls çèkkuea=kh dkS'ky fodkl ;kstuk ds rgr ;g fnYyh (GOMMNP) gSA vr% (c) lgh fodYi gSA iqfyl dh igy gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA 8. (c) O;k[;k% zzbldk mís'; {kerkvksa ds vuqlkj dkS'ky lqèkkj ds ekè;e ls zzdsaæh; fiQYe çek.ku cksMZ (CBFC) lwpuk ,oa çlkj.k ea=kky; ;qokvksa ls tqM+uk gSA blls mUgsa MoSDE ds varxZr çèkkuea=kh ds vèkhu ,d lkafofèkd fudk; gSA ;g flusesVksxzkiQ vfèkfu;e] dkS'ky fodkl ;kstuk ds rgr ykHkçn jks”kxkj çkIr djus esa 1952 ds çkoèkkuksa ds rgr fiQYeksa ds lkoZtfud çn'kZu dks enn feysxhA fu;af=kr djrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA zzp;fur ;qokvksa ds fy;s cM+s iSekus ij ukSdjh ls tqM+s dkS'ky zzHkkjr esa fiQYeksa dks lkoZtfud :i ls rHkh çnf'kZr fd;k tk çf'k{k.k çnku djus ds fy;s fnYyh iqfyl us jk"Vªh; dkS'ky ldrk gS] tc os dsaæh; fiQYe çek.ku cksMZ (lhch,iQlh) }kjk fodkl fuxe (NSDC) vkSj Hkkjrh; m|ksx ifjla?k (CII) ds çekf.kr gksaA cksMZ esa ,d vè;{k vkSj xSj&ljdkjh lnL; (ftuesa lkFk djkj fd;k gSA ls lHkh dsaæ ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr fd;s tkrs gSa) gksrs gSaA zzNSDC ^çèkkuea=kh dkS'ky fodkl ;kstuk* (PMKVY) ds zzcksMZ ds lnL; dsaæ ljdkj ds çlkni;±r in èkkj.k djsxsaA rgr ;qokvksa dks dkS'ky çf'k{k.k çnku djsxk vkSj lhvkbZvkbZ zzdsaæh; fiQYe çek.ku cksMZ (lhch,iQlh) ds ukS {ks=kh; dk;kZy; vius {ks=k dkS'ky ifj"knksa ds ekè;e ls ukSdjh ls lacafèkr gSa] ftldk eq[;ky; eqEcbZ gSA {ks=kh; dk;kZy;ksa dks lykgdkj çf'k{k.k çnku djsxh tks m|ksx ls tqM+s gSa vkSj bl çdkj ;g iSuyksa }kjk fiQYeksa ds ijh{k.k esa lgk;rk çnku dh tkrh gSA ukSdjh dh xkjaVh çnku djrh gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzblds fy;s fnYyh iqfyl us ,sls ;qokvksa (17 ls 25 o"kZ dh baVjusV lsok çnkrkvksa (vkbZ,lih) dks lrdZ djus ds fy;s ns'k mez ds) dks pquk gS ftuesa ”;knkrj oafpr dkyksfu;ksa ds Ldwy esa vkus okys baVjusV VªSfiQd rFkk lapkj esVkMkVk dks LdSu djuk NksM+ pqds cPps] fd'kksj vijkèkh] vijkèkksa ds f'kdkj vkSj ifjokj gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA dh jksth&jksVh pykus okys ,dek=k O;fDr ds tsy tkus dh zzfo'ks"k :i ls usVodZ ?kqliSB vkSj lkbcj geyksa ds nkSjku] ;g o”kg ls Hk;kog fLFkfr okys ifjokjksa ls lacafèkr gSaA ;g vke •qfiQ;k ,tsafl;ksa ds chp leUo; Hkh djsxkA ;g ns'k ds Hkhrj yksxksa ds chp iqfyl dh Nfo dks Hkh lqèkkjrk gSA ,aVªh vkSj ,fXtV fcUnqvksa ds lkFk&lkFk varjkZ"Vªh; xsVos ij çokfgr gks jgs VªSfiQd dks LdSu djus ds fy;s lHkh vkbZ,lih 11. (a) O;k[;k% ds fu;a=k.k d{k ds lkFk vkHkklh laidZ esa gksxkA zzuhfr vk;ksx us vVy vfHkuo fe'ku ds ,d Hkkx ds :i esa ns'k Hkj esa LFkkfir 900 ls vfèkd vVy fVadfjax ySCl ds 13. (c) O;k[;k% Nk=kksa dks ekxZn'kZu vkSj çsj.kk çnku djus esa l{ke jktusrkvksa zzfdlkuksa ds fy;s Ms;jh m|ksx dks vfèkd ykHkçn cukrs gq, dks 'kkfey djus gsrq ,d j.kuhfrd jk"Vª&fuekZ.k igy ^esUVj nwèk mRiknu vkSj mRikndrk esa o`f¼ ds mís'; ls uoacj 2016 bafM;k* vfHk;ku 'kq: fd;k gSA ;g Hkkjr esa uokpkj ikfjfLFkfrdh esa jk"Vªh; cksokbu mRikndrk fe'ku dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZ FkhA ra=k dks c<+kok nsxkA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA bl ;kstuk dks fuEufyf•r ?kVdksa ds lkFk ykxw fd;k tk jgk gS% zzbldk mís'; vVy fVadfjax ySc ds çHkko dks vfèkdre djuk (a) i'kq lathouh& bl ?kVd esa ;wvkbZMh dk bLrseky djrs gSA bldk mís'; mu jktusrkvksa dks 'kkfey djuk gS tks vVy gq, nwèk nsus okys tkuojksa dh igpku] nwèk mRiknu djus fVadfjax ySc esa Nk=kksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k vkSj ekxZn'kZu djsaxsA ;s okys lHkh tkuojksa dks LokLF; dkMZ tkjh djuk vkSj vk¡dM+ksa dks INAPH MkVkcsl esa viyksM djuk 'kkfey gSA ç;ksx'kkyk,¡ LoHkko ls xSj&vkns'kkRed gSa vkSj esaVjksa ls çf'k{kd (b) gksus ds ctk; leFkZd gksus dh mEehn gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh mUur çtuu rduhd& bl ?kVd ds rgr fyax&oxhZÑr oh;Z mRiknu lqfoèkk dks 10 , xzsM oh;Z LVs'kuksa ij rS;kj ugha gSA fd;k tk jgk gS vkSj IVF lqfoèkkvksa ds lkFk 50 Hkzw.k zz vVy fVadfjax ySCl lefiZr dk;ZLFky gSa] tgk¡ d{kk 6 ls 12oha LFkkukarj.k çkS|ksfxdh ç;ksx'kkyk,¡ ns'k esa rS;kj dh tk rd ds Nk=k uokpkj dkS'ky lh•rs gSa vkSj mu fopkjksa dks jgh gSaA fodflr djrs gSa tks Hkkjr dks cnyus ds fy;s vkxs c<+saxsA bu (c) bZ&i'kqgkV iksVZy dk fuekZ.k& uoacj 2016 esa ns'kh ç;ksx'kkykvksa dks jkT; ds vR;kèkqfud midj.k tSls 3 Mh fçaVj] uLyksa ds çtudksa vkSj fdlkuksa dks tksM+us ds fy;s jkscksfVDl vkSj bysDVªkWfuDl fodkl midj.k vkfn ds lkFk Nk=kksa bZ&i'kqgkV iksVZy dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZ gSA dks ifjfpr djkus gsrq leFkZ fd;k x;k gSA (d) Lons'kh uLyksa ds fy;s jk"Vªh; cksokbu thuksfed dsaæ 12. (d) O;k[;k% (NBGC-IB) dh LFkkiuk& ns'kh uLyksa ds chp thuksfed zzns'k esa lkbcj&vijkèkksa ds f•ykiQ yM+us ds fy;s ljdkj us p;u ds ekè;e ls nwèk mRiknu vkSj mRikndrk c<+kus jk"Vªh; lkbcj leUo; lsaVj (,ulhlhlh) dh LFkkiuk dh gSA ds fy;s NBGC-IB dh LFkkiuk dh tk jgh gSA zz,ulhlhlh Hkkjrh; daI;wVj vkikr çfrfØ;k Vhe (lhbZvkjVh&bu)] i'kq lathouh zz bysDVªkWfuDl ,oa lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; }kjk dk;kZfUor ,d blds rgr 300 fefy;u eosf'k;ksa vkSj HkSalksa esa ls nwèk nsus okys 8 fefy;u i'kqvksa dks 12 vadksa okys vf}rh; igpku uacj cgq&fgrèkkjd lkbcj lqj{kk vkSj bZ&lfoZysal lkafofèkd ,tsalh (UID) ^udqy LokLF; i=k* ds lkFk ikWyh;wjsFku VSx ds ”kfj;s gSA ;g viuh 'kfDr vkbZVh vfèkfu;e] 2000 ds vuqPNsn 69 fpfÉr fd;k tk jgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA ch ds çkoèkku ls çkIr djrk gSA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 3 lgh gaSA zzi'kq mRikndrk vkSj LokLF; ds fy;s lwpuk usVodZ (INAPH) zz gky gh esa] bldk igyk pj.k pkyw gks x;kA ,d ckj iwjh rjg MkVkcsl ij fpfÉr tkuojksa ds vk¡dM+sa viyksM fd;s tk jgs blds dk;kZRed gks tkus ds ckn] ;g lkbcj •rjksa dh fuxjkuh gSaA ;g i'kq jksxksa ds fu;a=k.k vkSj çlkj] i'kqvksa ds oSKkfud ds fy;s Hkkjr dh igyh ys;j gksxh vkSj blds }kjk ljdkjh çcaèku] c<+h gqbZ mRikndrk vkSj mRiknu] i'kqèku vkSj i'kqèku rFkk futh lsok çnkrkvksa ds lkFk lHkh lapkjksa ij fuxjkuh j•h mRiknksa dh xq.koÙkk esa lqèkkj] LoPNrk vkSj iQkbVkslSfuVjh eqíksa tk,xhA bldk vfèkns'k fj;y&Vkbe ij lkbcj •rjksa dk irk dks iwjk djds i'kqèku vkSj i'kqèku mRiknksa ds O;kikj esa o`f¼ yxkus vkSj le; ij dkjZokbZ gsrq fofHkUu laLFkkvksa ds lkFk&lkFk ds fy;s egÙoiw.kZ gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 14. (b) O;k[;k% paMhx<+ Blue jacaranda zz (coconut palm) xksok us gky gh esa ukfj;y •twj dks jktdh; nknjk vkSj uxj gosyh Not Designated o`{k dk ntkZ çnku fd;k gSA neu vkSj nho Not Designated jkT;ksa vkSj jktdh; o`{kksa dh lwph% fnYyh xqyeqgj (Deloniñregia) jkT;@dsanz'kkflr çns'k jktdh; o`{k y{k}hi ukxnkfeuh (Bread fruit) vkaèkz çns'k uhe iqnqpsjh csy zz v#.kkpy çns'k gksYyksax ukfj;y xksok vkSj dsjy dk vkfèkdkfjd jktdh; o`{k gSA vr% fodYi (b) lgh mÙkj gSA vle gksYyksax fcgkj cksfèko`{k (ihiy) 15- (b) O;k[;k% zz NÙkhlx<+ lky Hkkjrh; •k| fuxe dh LFkkiuk •k| fuxe vfèkfu;e] 1964 ds rgr •k| uhfr ds fuEufyf•r mís';ksa dks iwjk djus ds xksok ukfj;y fy;s fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA xqtjkr cjxn 1- fdlkuksa ds fgrksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s çHkkoh ewY; leFkZu gfj;k.kk cksfèko`{k (ihiy) dk;ZA fgekpy çns'k nsonkj 2- lkoZtfud forj.k ç.kkyh ds fy;s iwjs ns'k esa vukt dk tEew vkSj d'ehj fpukj forj.kA >kj•aM lky 3- jk"Vªh; •k| lqj{kk lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s •k|kUu ds dukZVd panu lapkyu vkSj ciQj LVkWd ds larks"ktud Lrj dks cuk, dsjy ukfj;y j•ukA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA eè; çns'k cjxn zzbldh LFkkiuk ds ckn ls] FCI us ladV çcaèku mUeq• •k| egkjk"Vª vke lqj{kk dks LFkk;h lqj{kk O;oLFkk esa cnyus esa Hkkjr dh liQyrk ef.kiqj rwu (Toona) esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA zz es?kky; liQsn lkxkSu çkjaHk esa Hkkjrh; •k| fuxe dk eq[;ky; psUubZ esa FkkA ckn esa ;g ubZ fnYyh LFkkukarfjr gks x;kA fe”kksje ukxdslj ukxkySaM Hkkst 16- (b) O;k[;k% zz vksfM'kk cjxn (Indian Fig Tree) 15 vjc MkWyj dh rkih (rqdZesfuLrku&viQxkfuLrku& ikfdLrku&Hkkjr) ikbiykbu] ftls Vªkal&viQxkfuLrku ikbiykbu iatkc 'kh'ke (Indian Rosewood) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA bl çkÑfrd xSl ikbiykbu dks xYd;UÕ'k (Khejri) (Prosopis jktLFkku •stjh TAPI Cineraria) & ikbiykbu daiuh fyfeVsM }kjk fodflr fd;k tk jgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA flfDde cqjka'k (Rhododendron) zz;g ikbiykbu 16 fVªfy;u D;wfcd iQhV dh xSl HkaMkj {kerk rfeyukMq rkM+ (Palmyra palm) okys rqdZesfuLrku ds xfYdU'kh"k {ks=k ls fudyrh gSA bl rsyaxkuk 'keh (Jammi) ifj;kstuk dk foÙkiks"k.k ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (,Mhch) }kjk f=kiqjk vxj fd;k tk jgk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA mÙkj çns'k v'kksdk zzdqy 1]814 fdeh esa ls] ;g ikbiykbu rqdZesfuLrku esa 214 mÙkjk•aM cqjkal (Rhododendron arboreum) fdyksehVj] viQxkfuLrku esa daèkkj&gsjkr jktekxZ ds lkFk 774 if'pe caxky fprkSu (Alstonia) fdyksehVj] ikfdLrku esa DosV~Vk vkSj eqYrku ds eè; 826 vaMeku vkSj fudksckj }hi Andaman Padauk (Pterocarpus fdyksehVj vkSj var esa Hkkjr&ikfdLrku lhek ds ikl Hkkjr esa dalbergioides) fLFkr iQftYdk ds ikl igq¡prh gSA
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzviQxkfuLrku Hkw&vko¼ ns'k gSA rqdZesfuLrku Hkh ,d Hkw&vko¼ zz;g loZs{k.k bu fcanqvksa ij Hkkjr ds fy;s jkT; vkSj jk"Vªh; ns'k gSA bldk rV dSfLi;u lkxj dks Li'kZ djrk gS] tks fd lwpuk çnku djrk gS% ,d i`Fkd lkxj (closed sea) gSA 1- moZjrk 17- (a) O;k[;k% 2- f'k'kq vkSj cky e`R;qnj zzgky gh esa] vksfM'kk ljdkj us vksfM'kk esa efgyk m|fe;ksa ds 3- ifjokj fu;kstu dh çFkk fy;s iQslcqd ds ^'kh ehUl fctusl* dk;ZØe dh 'kq#vkr dh 4- ekr` ,oa f'k'kq LokLF; gSA vr% (a) lgh fodYi gSA 5- çtuu LokLF; zzbl ;kstuk ds varxZr 25]000 efgyk m|fe;ksa vkSj Lo;a lgk;rk 6- iks"k.k lewg (SHG) lnL;ksa dks vxys ,d lky ds Hkhrj fMftVy 7- jDrkYirk ekdZsfVax dkS'ky ij çf'k{k.k fn;k tk,xkA 8- LokLF; vkSj ifjokj fu;kstu lsokvksa dk mi;ksx vkSj 18- (a) O;k[;k% xq.koÙkkA zzlM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=kky; ds vèkhu jk"Vªh; jktekxZ NFHS ds çR;sd Øfed nkSj esa nks fof'k"V y{; gSa% çkfèkdj.k us bysDVªkWfud Vksy laxzg (ECT) gsrq iQkLVSx miyCèkrk (a) uhfr vkSj dk;ZØe ç;kstuksa ds fy;s LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dh lqfoèkk ds fy;s nks eksckby ,i&ek;iQkLVSx vkSj iQkLVx dY;k.k ea=kky; rFkk vU; ,tsafl;ksa dks LokLF; vkSj ikVZuj dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA vr% fodYi (a) lgh gSA ifjokj dY;k.k ds ckjs esa vko';d vkadM+sa çnku djuk] zziQkLVSXl dh •jhn vkSj jhpktZ dh cksf>y fofèk bysDVªkWfud vkSj Vksy laxzg ifj;kstuk ds lkFk cM+h pqukSfr;ksa esa ls ,d gSA (b) mHkjrs gq, LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ds egÙoiw.kZ eqíksa eksckby ,fIyds'ku bl çfØ;k dks vklku djsxk] ftlls eksckby ij tkudkjh çnku djus ds fy;s Hkkjr ljdkj ds LokLF; cVu ds ,d fDyd ij iQkLVSXl dks •jhnuk ;k jhpktZ djuk vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; (MoHFW) us loZs{k.k ds laHko gksxkA fy;s leUo; vkSj rduhdh ekxZn'kZu çnku djus ds fy;s zz,i ysunsu ij utj j•us vkSj vkWuykbu f'kdk;r fuokj.k çnku ftEesnkj uksMy ,tsalh ds :i esa varjkZ"Vªh; tula[;k djus esa Hkh enn djrk gSA foKku laLFkku (IIPS) eqacbZ dks ukfer fd;k gSA IIPS zzek;iQkLVSx miHkksDrk ,i gS tcfd iQkLVx ikVZuj ,d epZsaV us loZs{k.k dk;kZUo;u ds fy;s dbZ iQhYM laLFkkvksa (FO) ,i gSA dkWeu lfoZl lsaVj] cSafdax ikVZuj vkSj okgu Mhyj tSlh ds lkFk laJ; fd;kA çR;sd FO ,u,iQ,p,l }kjk ,tsafl;k¡ bl ,i ds ekè;e ls iQkLVSx dks csp vkSj ukekafdr 'kkfey fd;s x, ,d ;k vfèkd jkT;ksa esa loZs{k.k dj ldrh gSaA blds vfrfjDr] bl ,i dk mi;ksx jsfM;ks xfrfofèk;ksa ds lapkyu ds fy;s ftEesnkj FkkA ÚhDosalh igpku (RFID) VSx dks lfØ; djus ds fy;s Hkh zzNFHS ds fy;s rduhdh lgk;rk eq[; :i ls vksvkjlh eSØks fd;k tk ldrk gS] ftls bl lacaèk esa 2013 ds jkti=k vfèklwpuk (;w,l,) vkSj fof'k"V eqíksa ij vU; laLFkkvksa }kjk çnku dh ds ckn ns'k esa 74 yk• dkjksa ds lkFk fufeZr fd;k x;k FkkA xbZ FkhA ,u,iQ,p,l ds fofHkUu nkSjksa ds fy;s foÙk iks"k.k ;s RFID VSx igys ls gh dkjksa esa yxk, x, gSa ysfdu fuf"Ø; USID] DFID] fcy vkSj esfyaMk xsV~l iQkmaMs'ku] ;wfulsiQ] gSaA ;g ,i bu RFID VSxksa dks bysDVªkWfud Vksy laxzg VSx UNFPA vkSj MoHFW, Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk çnku fd;k x;k (iQkLVSx) esa cny nsxkA gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 19. (b) O;k[;k% 20. (b) O;k[;k% zzjk"Vªh; ifjokj LokLF; loZs{k.k (NFHS) ,d O;kid iSekus] zzHkkjr vkSj HkwVku ds chp f}i{kh; O;kikj lacaèkksa dks nksuksa ns'kksa cgq&nkSjh; loZs{k.k gS] tks ns'k Hkj esa çfrfufèk;ksa }kjk ifjokjksa ds chp gq, O;kikj] okf.kT; vkSj ikjxeu le>kSrs }kjk lapkfyr ls fy;s x, lSaiy ds vkèkkj ij fd;k tkrk gSA NHFS&1 fd;k tkrk gSA ;g le>kSrk Hkkjr vkSj HkwVku ds chp eqDr (1992&93)] NHFS-2 (1998&99)] NFHS-3 (2005&06)] O;kikj O;oLFkk çnku djrk gSA ;g le>kSrk vU; ns'kksa ds lkFk NHFS-4 (2015&16) ds ckn pkSFks nkSj dk loZs{k.k fd;k tk HkwVku ds O;kikj ds fy;s 'kqYd eqDr ikjxeu Hkh çnku djrk jgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gS tcfd dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA
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Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 21. (d) O;k[;k% 24. (d) O;k[;k% zzHkkjr vkSj ikfdLrku ds chp fookn lqy>kus dh dM+h esa fo'o zzgky gh esa ljdkj us fMftVy çkS|ksfxdh dh lgk;rk ls lekt cSad us 1960 dh flaèkq ty lafèk (IWT) ds rgr dqN çfrcaèkksa ds misf{kr oxZ vkSj xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa jgus okys yksxksa ds fy;s ds lkFk >sye (fd'kuxaxk ifj;kstuk) vkSj psukc (jrys dkuwuh lgk;rk rd vklku igq¡p çnku djus ds fy;s Vsyh&ykW ifj;kstuk) dh lgk;d ufn;ksa ij tyfo|qr ifj;kstukvksa ds dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA ;g fofèk vkSj U;k; ea=kky; rFkk bysDVªkWfuDl fuekZ.k dks ea”kwjh nh gSA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 4 lgh gSaA vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; dh ,d igy gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA 22. (c) O;k[;k% zzblds rgr ^Vsyh&ykW* iksVZy 'kq: fd;k x;k gS tks iapk;r zzolkZ; lafèk ds ifj.kkeLo:i çFke fo'o ;q¼ dh lekfIr ds Lrjksa ij dkWeu lfoZl lsaVj (CSC) usVodZ ij miyCèk gSA ;g ckn 1919 esa bl fo'okl dks çfrfcafcr djus ds fy;s iksVZy xzkeh.k {ks=kksa ds yksxksa dks lkFk tksM+sxk rkfd os iSjk&yhxy ILO cuk;k x;k Fkk fd lkoZHkkSfed vkSj LFkk;h 'kkafr dsoy okyafV;lZ (PLV) dh lgk;rk ls dkuwuh ijke'kZ çkIr dj ldsaA rHkh gkfly dh tk ldrh gS tc og lkekftd U;k; ij ;g yksxksa dks odhyksa ls ohfM;ks dkWUÚsaflax ds ekè;e ls dkuwuh vkèkkfjr gksA bldk lafoèkku tuojh vkSj vçSy 1919 ds chp lykg ysus esa l{ke cuk,xkA jk"Vªh; fofèkd lsok çkfèkdj.k 'kkafr lEeysu }kjk LFkkfir Je vk;ksx us rS;kj fd;k Fkk] (NALSA) Hkh jkT; dh jktèkkfu;ksa ls odhyksa dk ,d iSuy ftldh igyh cSBd isfjl esa rFkk olkZ; esa fiQj gqbZ FkhA bldk çnku djsxkA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA ifj.kke viuh rjg ds vdsys f=ki{kh; laxBu ds :i esa lkeus zzçFke pj.k esa mÙkj çns'k vkSj fcgkj esa 500 dkWeu lfoZl vk;k Fkk] ftlds dk;Zdkjh fudk;ksa esa ljdkjksa] fu;ksDrkvksa vkSj lsaVjksa (CSC) esa ik;yV vkèkkj ij ;kstuk dk ijh{k.k fd;k deZpkfj;ksa ds çfrfufèk;ksa dks ,d lkFk yk;k x;kA vr% dFku tk,xkA gky gh esa fcgkj esa Vsyh&ykW ;kstuk 'kq: dh xbZ gSA 1 lgh gSA zz;g ;kstuk misf{kr oxks± ds fy;s U;k; rd igq¡p ;kstuk (Access zzHkkjr ILO dk laLFkkid lnL; gS vkSj 1922 ls bldh xofuZax to Justice Project) ds rgr vkrh gS] tks U;k; foHkkx vkSj ckWMh dk LFkk;h lnL; jgk gSA Hkkjr esa ILO dk igyk dk;kZy; la;qDr jk"Vª fodkl dk;ZØe (UNDP) }kjk fØ;kfUor dh tk 1928 esa •qyk FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA jgh gSA 23. (a) O;k[;k% zziwoZ esa U;k; rd igq¡p ;kstuk (Access to Justice Project) ds zzfdlkuksa dks muds Ñf"k mRikn cspus ds fy;s eap miyCèk djkus rgr >kj•aM ds rhu vkSj jktLFkku ds 11 f”kyksa esa CSC gsrq ljdkj us bZ&jk"Vªh; fdlku ,xzh eaMh (e-RaKAM) iksVZy usVodZ ds ekè;e ls dkuwuh lk{kjrk çnku djus ds fy;s dkWeu dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA lfoZl lsaVjksa (CSC SPV) us U;k; foHkkx ds lkFk Hkkxhnkjh zz;g ,d fMftVy igy gS ftldk y{; Ñf"k mRiknksa dh fcØh dh FkhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA vkSj •jhn çfØ;k dks ljy cukus ds fy;s fdlkuksa] lkoZtfud 25. (b) O;k[;k% {ks=kd miØeksa] ukxfjd vkiwfrZ;ksa vkSj •jhnkjksa dks ,d lkFk zzHkkjr esa futh {ks=k dh igyh felkby mi&ç.kkyh fofuekZ.k ,d eap ij ykuk gSA bls ljdkj }kjk lapkfyr uhykehdÙkkZ bdkbZ dh 'kq#vkr f”kyk jaxkjsîóh] gSnjkckn esa dh xbZ gSA bls MSTC (esVy LØSi VªsM dkWikZsjs'ku) fyfeVsM vkSj CRWC ^esd bu bafM;k* igy vkSj j{kk mRiknksa esa futh {ks=k dh (lsaVªy jsylkbM os;jgkml daiuh) fyfeVsM }kjk fodflr fd;k Hkkxhnkjh dks çksRlkfgr djus ds fy;s ljdkj dh uhfr ds x;k gSA vuq:i LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA vr% (b) lgh gSA zzbl igy ds rgr ns'kHkj esa fdlkuksa dks muds mRikn dh zz;g 2-5 vjc MkWyj ds dY;k.kh lewg vkSj b”kjk;y ds jkiQsy vkWuykbu fcØh lqfoèkk çnku djus ds fy;s pj.kc¼ rjhds ls ,MokaLM fMiQsal flLVEl fyfeVsM dk ,d la;qDr miØe gSA e-RaKAM dsaæksa dk fodkl fd;k tkuk gSA e-RaKAM igy dY;k.kh jkiQsy ,MokaLM flLVe (KRAS) ds la;a=k esa ,aVh ds rgr fdlkuksa dks bZ&isesaV ds ekè;e ls lhèks muds cSad VSad xkbMsM felkby (ATGM) ^Likbd* dk fuekZ.k gksxk vkSj •krksa esa Hkqxrku fd;k tk,xkA vr% (a) lgh gSA 'kh?kz gh bldk mRiknu çkjaHk gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 8 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation
Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 26. (c) O;k[;k% esa 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA bl ifj;kstuk dh ladYiuk o"kkZ dh zzfgan egklkxj fo'o dh rhljh lcls cM+h tyjkf'k gS] tks fo'o deh okys csfluksa esa o"kkZ dh ek=kk c<+kus ds fy;s dh xbZ gSA ds dqy egklkxjh; {ks=k dk yxHkx ik¡poka fgLlk gSA fgan vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA egklkxj {ks=k (IOR) dk foLrkj bl {ks=k esa oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk zzDykmM lhfMax fl¼kar dk y{; cknyksa }kjk ty ds NksVs vkSj 32 ns'kksa dks lhèks çHkkfor djrk gSA IOR ns'kksa dk vfèkdka'k vkdkj ds d.kksa (10 ekbØksu ls de vkdkj okys) dks 50 Hkkx fodkl] fLFkjrk vkSj lqj{kk ds fofHkUu Lrjksa ds lkFk ekbØksu dh cwanksa esa laxfBr djuk gS] ftlls o"kkZ gksxhA ty fodkl'khy vkSj eè;e vk; okys ns'kksa esa 'kkfey gSA d.kksa ds la?kuu }kjk ckny curs gSa] u fd ok"ihdj.k }kjkA zzfnYyh vkèkkfjr fFkad VSad bafM;k iQkmaMs'ku us nks 'kksèk rFkk vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA vè;;u dsaæksa&RSIS (jktjRue Ldwy vkWiQ baVjus'kuy LVMht)] zzbl DykmM lhfMax ifj;kstuk esa ty d.kksa dks la?kfur djus flaxkiqj vkSj NIFS (us'kuy baLVhVÔwV vkWiQ iQaMkesaVy LVMht)] ds fy;s flYoj vk;ksMkbM] lksfM;e DyksjkbM vkSj iksVsf'k;e dksyacks ds lg;ksx ls 31 vxLr ls 2 flracj 2017 rd IOC- DyksjkbM dk mi;ksx la?kuu ukfHkd ds :i esa fd;k tkrk gSA 2017 dh estckuh dh FkhA ;g nwljk IOC lEesyu FkkA igyh vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA ckj ;g 2016 esa flaxkiqj esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA vr% 29. (b) O;k[;k% dFku 1 lgh gSA zzesph unh usiky esa egkHkkjr J`a•yk ls fudyrh gSA ;g usiky zz IOR vkfFkZd fodkl ns'kksa esa xjhch mUewyu dk ekxZ ç'kLr esa cgrs gq, Hkkjr vkSj usiky ds chp lhek cukrh gS vkSj fiQj dj ldrk gSA çxfr vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy;s 'kkafr ,d Hkkjrh; jkT; fcgkj esa cgrs gq, fd'kuxat f”kys esa egkuank esa egÙoiw.kZ 'krZ gS] tks bl {ks=k esa lHkh ds fy;s le`f¼ yk ldrh fey tkrh gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA gSA ¶IOR ns'kksa dks 'kkafr] çxfr vkSj le`f¼ ds fy;s D;k djuk zzdsaæh; eaf=keaMy us Hkkjr vkSj usiky ds chp ,d le>kSrk gS\¸& bl lEesyu dk eq[; ,tsaMk FkkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA Kkiu (MoU) dks ea”kwjh nh gS rkfd Hkkjr&usiky lhek ij esph 27. (c) O;k[;k% unh ij ,d u, iqy dk fuekZ.k 'kq: djus ds fy;s ykxr zzesdkax&xaxk lg;ksx (MGC) i;ZVu] laLÑfr] f'k{kk ds lkFk lk>kdj.k] le; ikyu vkSj lqj{kk mik; dk;kZUo;u dh O;oLFkk ifjogu vkSj lapkj esa lg;ksx ds fy;s Hkkjr rFkk ik¡p vkfl;ku dks ykxw fd;k tk ldsA ns'kksa&dacksfM;k] ykvksl] E;kaekj] FkkbZySaM vkSj fo;ruke dh zzHkkjr ljdkj iqy ds fuekZ.k dh vuqekfur ykxr dk foÙkiks"k.k igy gSA vr% 2] 3 vkSj 5 lgh gSaA ,f'k;kbZ fodkl cSad (ADB) ls feyus okys ½.k ds ekè;e zzbldh 'kq#vkr o"kZ 2000 esa fo;ufr;u] ykvksl esa dh xbZ ls djsxhA u;k iqy ddkjfoV~Vk (usiky) ls ikuhVadh ckbZikl FkhA bldk uke xaxk vkSj esdkax ds uke ij j•k x;k gS] tks (Hkkjr) ds mUu;u dk fgLlk gSA esph iqy usiky dks tkus nksuksa lH;rkxr ufn;k¡ gSaA MGC igy dk mís'; bu nks çeq• okyh] ,f'k;kbZ jktekxZ&2 dk Hkkjr esa vafre fcanq gS vkSj ;g unh csfluksa ds fudV jgus okys yksxksa ds chp laidZ dks lqxe usiky dks egÙoiw.kZ laidZ çnku djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA cukuk gSA zziqy ds fuekZ.k ls {ks=kh; laidZ esa lqèkkj gksxk vkSj blesa nksuksa zzppkZ esa% gky gh esa] 8oha esdkax&xaxk lg;ksx dh ea=kh Lrjh; ns'kksa ds chp lhekikj O;kikj rFkk vkS|ksfxd] lkekftd vkSj cSBd euhyk] fiQyhihal esa gqbZ Fkh] ftlesa lnL; ns'kksa us MGC lkaLÑfrd vknku&çnkuksa dks e”kcwr djds lacaèkksa dks e”kcwr CykWd ds lnL; ns'kksa ds chp lg;ksx ds {ks=kksa dks foLr`r djus cukus dh {kerk gSA ds fy;s dgkA zzbl ifj;kstuk ds fy;s lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=kky; ds 28. (d) O;k[;k% rgr jk"Vªh; jktekxZ ,oa cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 9 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 30. (c) O;k[;k% 32. (b) O;k[;k% zzisVªksfy;e rFkk foLiQksVd lqj{kk laxBu (PESO) okf.kT; vkSj zzIysV foorZfudh fl¼kar ds vuqlkj i`Foh dh ckgjh dBksj ijr m|ksx ea=kky; ds vkS|ksfxd uhfr vkSj lao¼Zu foHkkx (DIPP) (LFkyeaMy) dbZ ntZu IysVksa esa foHkkftr gS tks i`Foh dh lrg ds vèkhu gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA ij >hy ij ciQZ ds LySCl dh Hkk¡fr ,d nwljs ds lkis{k xfr zz;g foLiQksVd vfèkfu;e] 1884 vkSj isVªksfy;e vfèkfu;e] djrh jgrh gSA ;s IysV ,d&nwljs ds lkis{k xfr djrs gq, 1934 ds rgr lkSaih xbZ ftEesnkfj;ksa ds lkFk&lkFk foLiQksVdksa] viuh lhekvksa ds lgkjs fØ;k&çfrfØ;k djrh gSaA IysVksa dh isVªksfy;e mRiknksa vkSj laihfM+r xSlksa ds fuekZ.k] vk;kr] fu;kZr] lkisf{kd xfr ds vkèkkj ij vfHklkjh] vilkjh vkSj laj{kh bu ifjogu] laxzg] fcØh vkSj mi;ksx ls lacafèkr fu;eksa dh fuxjkuh lhekvksa ds rhu çdkj gSaA djrk gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA zzIysVksa ds chp dh bl ikjLifjd fØ;k dks gh i`Foh ij Hkwdaih; zzns'kHkj esa 5 eaMy&dk;kZy;ksa ds usVodZ ds lkFk bldk eq[;ky; vkSj Tokykeq•h; xfrfofèk;ksa ds fy;s f”kEesnkj ekuk tkrk gSA ukxiqj esa fLFkr gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA gkyk¡fd Hkwdai vkSj Tokykeq•h IysV ds van:uh fgLlksa esa Hkh gks ldrs gSaA zzppkZ esa% gky gh esa] lokZsPp U;k;ky; us iVk•ksa ds fuekZ.k esa zz dke vkus okyh yhfFk;e] ,aVheuh] ejdjh] vklZsfud vkSj ysM 20 fefy;u oxZ fdeh ls vfèkd {ks=kiQy okyh IysV dks o`gn~ IysV ekuk tk ldrk gSA vkerkSj ij lkr o`gn~ IysVsa gSa% vÚhdh] tSlh ik¡p gkfudkjd Hkkjh èkkrqvksa dks ok;q çnw"k.k dk dkjd vaVkdZfVd] ;wjsf'k;u] mÙkjh vesfjdh] nf{k.k vesfjdh] ç'kkar ekurs gq, çfrcafèkr dj fn;k FkkA 'kh"kZ U;k;ky; us ;g O;oLFkk vkSj baMks&vkLVªsfy;kbZA Hkh nh Fkh fd çfrcaèk vkns'k ds vuqikyu dh f”kEesnkjh PESO zz dh gS] fo'ks"k :i ls rfeyukMq ds f'kodk'kh esa] tgk¡ cM+h 20 fefy;u oxZ fdeh ls de fdarq 1 fefy;u oxZ fdeh ls la[;k esa iVk•k fuekZrk gSaA vfèkd {ks=kiQy okyh IysV ,d y?kq IysV gksrh gSA y?kq IysVksa dh lwph esa utdk IysV] fiQfyihu IysV] vjsfc;u IysV] dksdksl 31. (c) O;k[;k% IysV] dSfjfc;u IysV] Ldksf'k;k IysV vkfn 'kkfey gSaA vr% zz (QCI) Hkkjrh; xq.koÙkk ifj"kn }kjk lHkh jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ 'kkflr (1) lgh ugha gSA çns'kksa esa LoPN loZs{k.k xzkeh.k 2017 ds rgr xzkeh.k LoPNrk zz1 fefy;u oxZ fdeh- ls de {ks=kiQy okyh IysV dks lw{e dh orZeku fLFkfr dk ikjn'khZ rjhds ls FkMZ&ikVhZ vkdyu IysV ds varxZr j•k tkrk gSA dbZ lw{e IysVsa ,slh gSa tks o`gn~ fd;k x;k gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA ;k y?kq IysVksa dh Hkkx gksrh gSaA lw{eIysV ds mnkgj.k gSa&twvku zz LoPN loZs{k.k xzkeh.k 2017 ds rgr 4626 xkaoksa esa 1-4 yk• Ms iQqdk IysV (mÙkjh vesfjdu vkSj ç'kkar IysV ds chp)] xksMkZ xzkeh.k ifjokjksa ds loZs{k.k esa QCI us dqy 'kkSpky; dojst IysV (mÙkjh vesfjdu IysV)] esMkxkLdj IysV (vizQjhdh IysV)] 62-45» ik;kA loZs{k.k ds le; (ebZ&twu 2017) LoPN Hkkjr iQkdySaM IysV] ekyisyks IysV vkfnA vr% dFku (2) vkSj (3) fe'ku (xzkeh.k) çcaèku lwpuk ra=k (MIS) ds vuqlkj ;g lgh gSaA dojst 63-73» FkkA loZs{k.k esa ;g Hkh ik;k x;k fd 'kkSpky; zzekyisyks IysV& gky gh esa bDosMksj ds rV ij ,d ubZ lw{eIysV rd 91-29» yksxksa dh igq¡p gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ekyisyks dh •kst dh xbZ gSA ekyisyks }hi bl IysV dk ,dek=k zzLoPN Hkkjr fe'ku (xzkeh.k) ds 'kqHkkjaHk ds ckn ls 6-26 djksM+ mHkjk gqvk fgLlk gSA bl IysV dh igpku ds lkFk gh vc ls vfèkd ?kjsyw 'kkSpky;ksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tk pqdk gSA rd 57 IysVksa dh igpku dh tk pqdh gSA ;g if'pe esa 3]23]560 xk¡oksa] 314 f”kyksa vkSj 11 jkT;ksa dks vc rd ODF dksdksl IysV }kjk] nf{k.k esa utdk IysV }kjk] iwoZ esa mÙkjh ?kksf"kr fd;k tk pqdk gSA LoPNrk dojst vDrwcj 2016 ds ,afMl IysV vkSj mÙkj esa dksbck IysV }kjk f?kjh gqbZ gSA ;g 39» ls c<+dj iQjojh 2018 esa 78-98» gks x;k gSA lw{eIysV igys utdk IysV dk gh fgLlk ekuh tkrh FkhA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 10 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 33. (a) O;k[;k% zzblesa jksxh dh Vh dksf'kdkvksa (çfrj{kk ç.kkyh dksf'kdk dk zz;w,l iQwM ,aM ,MfefuLVªs'ku (USFDA) us çFke chimetric ,d çdkj) dks ç;ksx'kkyk esa cny fn;k tkrk gS rkfd os antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) Fksjsih ds :i esa bVªkosul dSalj dksf'kdkvksa ij geyk dj ldsaA Vh dksf'kdkvksa dks ,d bUiQ;wlu ds fy;s kymriah (tisagenlecleucel) lLisalu dh ejht ds jDr ls fy;k tkrk gSA fiQj ,d fo'ks"k fjlsIVj ds ea”kwjh çnku dh gS ftls igys CTL019 ds :i esa tkuk tkrk fy;s thu] tks jksxh ds dSalj dksf'kdkvksa ij ,d fuf'pr çksVhu ls tqM+k gksrk gS dks ç;ksx'kkyk esa tksM+k tkrk gSA fo'ks"k fjlsIVj Fkk ftlls 25 o"kZ ds vk;q rd ds ejhtksa ds B-cell Precursor dks Chimeric ,aVhtu fjlsIVj (CAR) dgk tkrk gSA CAR&Vh acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) dk bykt fd;k tkrk dksf'kdkvksa dh cM+h la[;k ç;ksx'kkyk esa cukbZ tkrh gS vkSj gSA bldk ykblsal igys uksokfVZl dks çkIr FkkA ;g thu VªkaliQj jksxh dks bfUiQ;qtu (Infusion) }kjk fn;k tkrk gSA CAR&Vh ij vkèkkfjr igyh Fksjsih gS ftls FDA }kjk LohÑfr çnku dh dksf'kdk,a dSalj dksf'kdkvksa ij çfrtu dks ck¡èkus esa l{ke xbZ gSA vr% (a) lgh gSA gksrh gSa vkSj mUgsa ekj nsrh gSaA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 11 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 34. (a) O;k[;k% 36. (a) O;k[;k% zz Xykscy fge rsanq, vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k laj{k.k dk;ZØe gejkt ,i (GSLEP) çeq•rk ls dfj'ekbZ vkSj yqIrçk; fge rsanq, ds zzHkkjrh; lsuk us ,d eksckby ,fIyds'ku fodflr fd;k gS laj{k.k ds mi;ksx ls mPp ioZrh; fodkl ds eqíksa dks è;ku esa j•rk gSA fge rsanq, jsat ds ns'kksa vkSj Hkkxhnkjksa us loZlEefr ftlds ekè;e ls lSfud iksfLVax vkSj çksUufr tSls fooj.k VªSd ls GSLEP ds lk>k y{; dks 2020 ds ekè;e ls 7 o"kks± ds dj ldrs gSaA os viuh ekfld osru fLyIl vkSj iQkWeZ 16 ns• fy;s Lohdkj fd;k gSA fge rsanq, dh lhek ns'kksa] bPNqd laxBuksa ldrs gSa vkSj mUgsa Hkh MkmuyksM dj ldrs gSaA ds leFkZu ds lkFk lger gSa] lkFk esa dke djus ds fy;s de zzeksckby ,i dks lsuk }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gS vkSj vxLr ls de 20 fge rsanqvksa dh igpku djus vkSj mUgsa lqjf{kr djus ds nwljs lIrkg esa 'kq: fd;k x;k Fkk rkfd twfu;j vk;qDr ds fy;s feydj dke djrs gSaA fcYyh dh lhek 2020 rd vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj vU; O;fDr;ksa dks lwpuk ds Rofjr lapkj ds ;k] y?kqdksM esa & ^2020 rd 20 lqjf{krA* vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA fy;s Hkstk tk ldsA vr% (a) lgh gSA zzlqjf{kr fge rsanq, ds ifjn`'; dks ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tkrk gS fd de ls de 100 çtuu dh mez okys ciQZ ds rsanq, dks LFkkuh; zzlqj{kk dkj.kksa ls] vkosnu fooj.kksa ds lR;kiu ij vkèkkfjr gksxkA leqnk;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ds lkFk lajf{kr fd;k tkrk gS] i;kZIr vkèkkj fooj.k NIC DykmM (jk"Vªh; lwpuk dsaæ) ij lsuk ds vkSj lqjf{kr f'kdkj vkcknh dk leFkZu fd;k tkrk gS] vkSj MsVkcsl ls lR;kfir fd;k tk,xkA vU; fge rsanq, ds ifjn`'; esa dk;kZRed laidZ gksrk gS] ftuesa 37. (c) ls dqN varjkZ"Vªh; lhek ikj djrs gSaA O;k[;k% zzvxLr 2017 esa] usiky us vius tyok;q&LekVZ fge rsanq, ifjn`'; ykWftfLVDl MkVk cSad (LDB) çcaèku dks 'kq: djus okyk igyk ns'k cudj laj{k.k dk bfrgkl zzykWftfLVDl MkVk cSad (,yMhch) lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh ds mi;ksx cuk;k gS] tks fd çtkfr;ksa vkSj mlds fuokl LFkku dh lqj{kk ds ”kfj;s Hkkjr ds jln {ks=k dks vfèkd dq'ky cukus ds esa vxz.kh gSA usiky dh laj{k.k ;kstuk] ,d la;qDr igy ds fy;s ,d ifj;kstuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA rgr cukbZ xbZ gS ftldk mís'; ciQZ ds rsanq, dks cpkus vkSj zzvHkh rd] blds }kjk dsoy if'peh ykWftfLVDl dkWfjMksj dks Xykscy fge rsanq, vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k laj{k.k dk;ZØe (GSLEP) uked ,d mPp ioZrh; vkokl dk laj{k.k djuk doj fd;k x;k Fkk] vkSj ;g tYn gh ns'k ds nf{k.kh {ks=k esa gS] ftlesa tyok;q ifjorZu lfgr ciQZ ds rsanq, dh orZeku vkSj ifjpkyu dk foLrkj djsxkA gj daVsuj jsfM;ks vko`fÙk igpku mHkjrh gqbZ fpark,¡ gSa rFkk vU; Js.kh ds ns'kksa ds fy;s ,d ekWMy VSx (RFID) ls tqM+k gqvk gS vkSj fiQj RFID ikBdksa ds ekè;e ds :i esa viukukA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA ls VªSd fd;k tkrk gSA ;g vk;krdksa vkSj fu;kZrdksa dks vius 35. (c) O;k[;k% lkeku ij u”kj j•us esa enn djrk gSA blds cnys] daVsuj zzHkkjr 22 ,d ,Dlpsat VªsMsM iQaM (ETF) gS tks foÙk ea=kh }kjk dh xfr ds lexz le; esa dVkSrh ds lkFk&lkFk ysu&nsu dh 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA Hkkjr 22 esa lsaVªy ifCyd lsDVj ,aVjçkbt ykxr esa dVkSrh dh xbZ gS] tks çsf"krh vkSj tgk”kh eky Hkstus (CPSE) (PSB) 22 ] ifCyd lsDVj cSad ds 'ks;jksa vkSj ;wfuV okyksa dk •pZ gksrk gSA ;g Hkkjr ds fons'k O;kikj dks c<+kok VªLV vkWiQ bafM;k ds fufnZ"V miØe (SUUTI) ds j.kuhfrd nsus vkSj vfèkd ikjnf'kZrk lqfuf'pr djus ds mís'; ls ,d gksfYMax 'kkfey gSaA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA çeq• ^O;kikj lqxerk* igy ds :i esa ns; eky gSA vr% dFku zzÅtkZ Hkkjh 'CPSE ETF' dh rqyuk esa] Hkkjr 22] 6 {ks=kksa (ewy lkexzh] ÅtkZ] foÙk] FMCG] vkSj m|ksx vkSj mi;ksfxrk) ds 2 lgh gSA lkFk ,d csgrj fofoèk iksVZiQksfy;ks gSA zz,yMhch dks fnYyh eqacbZ vkS|ksfxd dkWfjMksj MsoyiesaV zzHkkjr 22 baMsDl dks lkykuk iqul±rqfyr fd;k tk,xkA dkWjiksjs'ku ykWftfLVDl MkVk lfoZlst fyfeVsM (DLDSL) zzICICI çwMsaf'k;y ,lsV eSustesaV daiuh vkSj bZVh,iQ eSustj vkSj uked ,d fo'ks"k ç;kstu okgu ds ”kfj;s dk;kZfUor fd;k tk ,f'k;k baMsDl çkbosV fyfeVsM (JV BSE vkSj S ,aM P Xykscy) jgk gS & ;g la;qDr :i ls (50%50) fnYyh eqacbZ vkS|ksfxd baMsDl çnkrk gksaxsA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA dkWfjMksj (DMIC) VªLV vkSj tkikuh vkbZVh lfoZlst estj NEC vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA dkjiksjs'ku dh la;qDr LokfeRo esa dk;Zjr gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 12 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 38. (b) O;k[;k% zzCSIR-NIO esa ikWyh&esVkfyd uksMYl ij dk;ZØe 26 tuojh zz;wds ds tSo çkS|ksfxdh vkSj tho foKku vuqlaèkku ifj"kn 1981 dks igyh fjlpZ osly xkos'kkuh ij cksMZ }kjk vjc lkxj (BBSRC) vkSj vuqlaèkku ifj"kn fczVsu (RCUK) ds lkFk ls uksMy uewus ds laxzg ds lkFk 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA Hkkjr lk>snkjh esa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky; ds rgr tSo çkS|ksfxdh xgjs leqæ •fut vUos"k.k ds fy;s ik;fu;j ,fj;k ds :i esa foHkkx (DBT) us ubZ fnYyh esa LekVZ Ñf"k lEesyu dk vk;kstu nqfu;k dk igyk ns'k 1987 esa cuk Fkk ftlus fgUn egklkxj fd;kA csflu esa ikyh&esVkfyd ds lkFk bl vfHk;ku dh 'kq#vkr dh zzbldk mís'; ¶iQkeZj tksu¸ ds fy;s eap rS;kj djuk FkkA FkhA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA zz^iQkeZj tksu* LekVZ Ñf"k ds fy;s ,d lkewfgd •qyk MsVk eap zz;g CSIR-NIO ds oSKkfudksa }kjk fd;s x, O;kid loZs{k.kksa gS tks tSfod vuqlaèkku vkSj MsVk dk mi;ksx NksVs vkSj lhekar ij vkèkkfjr Fkk] tks dbZ 'kksèk okys tgk”kksa ij ns'k ds 150]000 fdlkuksa ds thou esa lqèkkj ds fy;s djsxkA ;g ekuk tkrk gS oxZ fdyksehVj {ks=k ds vkoaVu dh vksj vxzlj Fkk tks fd fd ^iQkeZj tksu*] ck”kkj esa ifjorZu] ekSle dh Hkfo";ok.kh la;qDr jk"Vª ds leqæ dkuwu ds varxZr vuU; vfèkdkj FkkA vkSj e`nk] ty vkSj ck”kkj dh lsok,a çnku djus ds fy;s cht zzlalkèku ewY;kadu ds vkèkkj ij] Hkkjr us vc yxHkx 75]000 dh vko';drkvksa ls fuiVus rFkk fdlku dh lHkh ”k:jrksa dks 100 iwjk djus esa lgk;rk djsxkA vr% dFku (b) lgh gSA oxZ fdyksehVj {ks=k dks fefy;u Vu j.kuhfrd èkkrqvksa tSls dkWij] fudsy] dksckYV] eSaxuh”k vkSj vk;ju ds vuqekfur zzÑf"k esa çHkkoh fu.kZ; ysus ds fy;s iQkeZj tksu dh dYiuk dh lalkèku ds lkFk j•k gSA 18]000 oxZ fdyksehVj {ks=k ds lkFk xbZ gS tks foKku] çkS|ksfxdh] uohurk vkSj Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrd (FGM) ra=k dks ,dhÑr djrk gSA Ñf"k lEesyu ds lkFk] DBT dk ,d çFke tujs'ku •nku&lkbV dh igpku dh xbZ gSA mís'; NksVs vkSj lhekar Hkwfe okys fdlkuksa dh enn djus ds zzdk;ZØe ds rgr •futksa ls èkkrqvksa dh fudklh ds fy;s fy;s rduhdh gLr{ksi dh çfØ;k dks vkxs c<+kuk gS] tks uohure rduhdksa dks Hkh fodflr fd;k x;k gSA baVjus'kuy Hkkjrh; Ñf"k ds ,d çeq• ?kVd gSaA lEesyu esa çR;sd leqæ ry çkfèkdj.k vko';drkvksa ds vuqikyu ds fy;s foLr`r Ñf"k&tyok;q {ks=k ds lkeus vkus okys pqukSfr;ksa dh igpku i;kZoj.kh; MsVk ,d=k fd;k x;k gSA •fut lalkèkuksa dh igpku dh xbZ vkSj oSKkfud gLr{ksiksa ds ekè;e ls laHkkfor lekèkkuksa djus vkSj •uu vkSj fudklh ds fy;s çkS|ksfxfd;ksa ds fodkl ij ppkZ dh xbZA ds vykok] bl dk;ZØe esa mPp çHkko vuqlaèkku vkSj lkFk zziQkeZj tksu IysViQkeZ fdlkuksa vkSj oSKkfudksa] ljdkjh vfèkdkfj;ksa] gh ekuo 'kfDr ds fodkl dh Hkh dYiuk dh xbZ gSA Ñf"k] vFkZ'kkL=kh vkSj oSf'od daifu;ksa ds çfrfufèk tks cM+s&MsVk 40. (c) O;k[;k% vkSj bZ&dkWelZ ds {ks=k esa dke dj jgs gSa] çkS|ksfxdh vkèkkfjr LFkkuh; {ks=kh; lekèkku ij dke djsaxsA ;g eap Ñf"k ls lacafèkr fnYyh esa xzkeh.k •syksa dk vk;kstu çklafxd xq.koÙkk vkadM+s çkIr djus ds fy;s dke djsxk] zz;qok ekeys vkSj •sy ea=kky; us 28 vxLr ls 3 flracj] 2017 tulaidZ lkbVksa dks fodflr djus ds fy;s fdlkuksa ds lkFk rd fnYyh esa :jy xsEl ;k xzkeh.k •sy egksRlo dk vk;kstu fyad djus vkSj MsVk forj.k ds fy;s ihihih vkèkkfjr m|e fd;kA xzkeh.k •syksa dk mís'; dq'rh] ,FkysfVDl vkfn Lons'kh fodflr djsxkA •syksa dks yksdfç; cukuk gSA eVdk jsl tSls euksjatd •syksa] 39. (b) O;k[;k% ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds fy;s ;q¼ dk Vx iQkWj okj Hkh xse esa 'kkfey FksA xzkeh.k eSjkFku us fnYyh esa ;qokvksa ds chp bls yksdfç; Hkkjr dk Mhi vks'ku fe'ku cukus dh 'kq#vkr dhA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA zzdsanzh; i`Foh foKku ea=kky; (MoES) vius ^Mhi vks'ku fe'ku* }kjk leqæ ds lalkèkuksa dks nksgu djus ds fy;s çkS|ksfxdh zz;qok ekeys vkSj •sy ea=kky; Hkh fofHkUu jkT; ljdkjksa ls vius fodflr dj jgk gSA egklkxj foKku esa vuqlaèkku xfrfofèk;ksa lacafèkr jkT;ksa esa bu xzkeh.k •syksa dks nksgjkus ds fy;s vkxzg dks xfr çnku djus ds fy;s bl fe'ku dk fo'ks"k egÙo gSA djsxk vkSj Hkkjr Hkj esa ,d cM+s iSekus ij •sy dk vk;kstu ;g varj&eaf=kifj"knh; vkSj varj&cgqvk;keh ifj;kstuk ,d fd;k tk,xk ftlls tehuh Lrj ij f•ykfM+;ksa vkSj çfrHkk'kkyh 'kksèk mUeq• vkSj oSKkfud rjhds ls leqæ ds ry ds uhps •fut ;qokvksa dks viuh çfrHkk fn•kus vkSj mUgsa ekU;rk nsus vkSj lalkèkuksa dk vUos"k.k vkSj mudk mi;ksx djsxkA vr% dFku 1 csgrj çf'k{k.k rFkk •sy lqfoèkk,a çkIr djus esa enn feysxhA vkSj 2 nksuksa lgh gSaA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 13 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 41. (d) O;k[;k% zzNSKFDC dks 24 tuojh] 1997 dks daiuh vfèkfu;e dh zzjktho xkaèkh fd'kksjh l'kDrhdj.k ;kstuk (RGSEAG)&lcyk efgyk èkkjk 25 ds rgr ^xSj&ykHkdkjh* laxBu ds :i esa LFkkfir ,oa cky fodkl ea=kky; dh ,d dsaæ çk;ksftr ;kstuk gSA bls fd;k x;k FkkA lHkh jkT;ksa@la?k 'kkflr çns'kksa ls p;fur 205 f”kyksa esa dk;kZfUor zz;g ;kstuk liQkbZ deZpkfj;ksa vkSj vfHkKkr dwM+s cVksjus okyksa fd;k tk jgk gS] tcfd 'ks"k f”kyksa esa fd'kksjh 'kfDr ;kstuk dks lkeqnkf;d 'kkSpky;ksa ds fuekZ.k] lapkyu vkSj j•j•ko ds (KSY) tgk¡ lapkyu esa gS] igys dh rjg tkjh jgsxkA fy;s rFkk LoPNrk ls lacafèkr okguksa tSls& tsfVax vkSj pw"kd zzbldk mís'; iks"k.k vkSj LokLF; dh fLFkfr esa lqèkkj djds e'khu] oSD;we yksMj] dpjk laxzg vkSj fuiVku okgu vkfn dh 11&18 o"kks± dh fd'kksjh yM+fd;ksa dks l'kDr djuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA •jhn ds fy;s foÙkh; lgk;rk (C;kt dh fj;k;rh nj ij ½.k (PPP) zzbl ;kstuk dk mís'; fd'kksfj;ksa dks ?kjsyw dkS'ky] thou dkS'ky ds :i esa) vkSj lkoZtfud futh Hkkxhnkjh ds :i esa vkSj O;kolkf;d dkS'ky ds mUu;u ds ekè;e ls l'kDr cukuk lgk;rk çnku djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA gSA yM+fd;ksa dks LokLF; ,oa ifjokj dY;k.k vkSj LoPNrk zz;kstuk ds fooj.k% bl ;kstuk ds rgr] liQkbZ deZpfj;ksa ds ekStwnk lkoZtfud lsokvksa ds ekxZn'kZu ls lacafèkr tkudkfj;ksa chp m|fe;ksa vkSj vfHkKkr eSuqvy LdSosatlZ çfro"kZ 4» ds ls ySl fd;k tk,xkA fj;k;rh nj ij ifjHkkf"kr mPpre lhek dk ½.k çkIr dj zzlesfdr cky fodkl lsok (ICDS) ;kstuk ds rgr LFkkfir ldrs gSaA efgyk ykHkkfFkZ;ksa ds ekeys esa] Hkkfjr C;kt nj ij fuxjkuh vkSj i;Zos{k.k ra=k dk ç;ksx lcyk ;kstuk ds fy;s Hkh 1» dh NwV nh xbZ gSA bl ;kstuk dk nksgjk mís'; LoPN Hkkjr fd;k tkrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA vfHk;ku dk lexz y{; gkfly djus gsrq liQkbZ deZpkfj;ksa zzlcyk ds nks çeq• ?kVd gSa% iks"k.k vkSj xSj&iks"k.kA vkSj eqDr eSuqvy LdSosatlZ dks vkthfodk çnku djuk gSA zziks"k.k ?kVd ds rgr] 14&18 vk;q oxZ ds Ldwy u tkus okyh 43. (b) O;k[;k% fd'kksfj;ksa] vkaxuokM+h dsaæksa esa tkus okyh fd'kksfj;ksa vkSj 11&14 zz (UPI) vk;q oxZ ds yM+fd;ksa dks iwjd iks"kkgkj çnku fd;k tkrk gS] ,dhÑr Hkqxrku baVjiQsl ,slh ç.kkyh gS tks dbZ cSad ftlesa 600 dSyksjh] 18&20 xzke çksVhu vkSj lw{e iks"kd rRo •krksa dks ,dy eksckby ,fIyds'ku (fdlh Hkh Hkkx ysus okys çfro"kZ 300 fnuksa ds fy;s çnku fd;s tkrs gSaA cSad ds) esa dbZ cSafdax lqfoèkkvksa] fuckZèk iQaM :fVax vkSj epZsaV zzxSj&iks"k.k ?kVd fd'kksj yM+fd;ksa dh fodkl dh ”k:jrksa dks Hkqxrkuksa dks ,d gh ,Iyhds'ku esa yk nsrh gSA bls Hkkjrh; iwjk djrk gSA bl ;kstuk ds rgr] fo|ky; u tkus okyh 11&18 jk"Vªh; Hkqxrku fuxe (NPCI) }kjk fodflr fd;k x;k gSA ;g o"kks± dh yM+fd;ksa dks iwjd IAF (vk;ju vkSj iQksfyd ,flM)] baVjiQsl Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad }kjk fofu;fer fd;k tkrk gS vkSj LokLF; tk¡p vkSj jsiQjy lsok,¡] iks"k.k vkSj LokLF; f'k{kk] ,d eksckby IysViQkWeZ ij nks cSad •krksa ds chp rRdky èku fd'kksj iqu#Riknd ;kSu LokLF; (vk'kZ) ijke'kZ@ekxZn'kZu ifjokj gLrkarj.k djrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA dY;k.k] thou dkS'ky f'k{kk] lkoZtfud lsokvksa vkSj zzfufèk LFkkukarfjr djus ds fy;s rRdky Hkqxrku lsok (IPMS) O;kolkf;d çf'k{k.k (dsoy 16&18 o"khZ; yM+fd;k¡) çnku ds ckotwn UPI dks cuk;k x;k gSA ikjaifjd eksckby okWysV ds fd;k tk,xkA bldk mís'; Ldwyh fd'kksjh yM+fd;ksa dks foijhr] tks mi;ksxdÙkkZ ls ,d fuf'pr jkf'k ysrs gSa vkSj bls vkSipkfjd@xSj&vkSipkfjd f'k{kk ds eq[;èkkjk ls tksM+uk gSA bl ;kstuk ds rgr djhc 100 yk• fd'kksjkoLFkk okyh yM+fd;ksa vius •krksa esa laxzghr djrs gSa] tc Hkh fdlh ysu&nsu dk dks ykHk gksus dh laHkkouk gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA vuqjksèk fd;k tkrk gS rks UPI •krk •ksyrk gS vkSj cSad •krs ls èku tek djrk gSA ;g opZqvy Hkqxrku irk (cSad }kjk çnku 42. (b) O;k[;k% IFS zzLoPNrk deZpkfj;ksa@eSyk 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 14 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz;wihvkbZ esa ,dy fDyd&f} ?kVd çek.khdj.k ç.kkyh gS ftldk 45. (b) O;k[;k% vFkZ gS fd ,d fDyd ds lkFk ysunsu dks nks Lrjksa ij çekf.kr zz14 vçSy] 2016 dks MkW- Hkhejko vacsMdj ds tUe fnol dh fd;k x;k gSA mi;ksxdÙkkZ dks ,d eksckby fiu dh vko';drk 125oha o"kZxk¡B ds lkFk çkjaHk djds vkSj 24 vçSy] 2016 dks gksxh ftls eksckby fiu uked ,e&fiu vkSj çnkrk }kjk nh xbZ iapk;rh jkt fnol dk lekiu djds dsaæ ljdkj (xzkeh.k vkHkklh vkbZMh dh vko';drk gksxhA ,d fDyd ds lkFk] fodkl ea=kky;) us jkT;ksa vkSj iapk;rksa ds lg;ksx ls ^xzkeksn; ysu&nsu dh tk¡p gks tkrh gSA ;fn eksckby fiu opZqvy irs ds lkFk esy •krk gS] rks ysu&nsu gks tkrk gSA vr% dFku 2 ls Hkkjr mn; vfHk;ku* (xzke Lo'kklu vfHk;ku) dk vk;kstu lgh gSA fd;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA zz;wihvkbZ USSD lsok ds :i esa Hkh miyCèk gSA mi;ksxdÙkkZ zzvfHk;ku dk y{; leLr xk¡oksa esa iapk;rh jktO;oLFkk dks lqn`<+ dksM *99 ` Mk;y djds lsok dk mi;ksx dj ldrs gSaA blfy;s djds lkekftd ln~Hkko c<+kus] xzkeh.k fodkl dks c<+kok nsus] ,d csfld iQksu ls ;wihvkbZ lsok dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk fdlkuksa dh çxfr vkSj xjhc yksxksa dh thfodk ds fy;s jk"VªO;kih gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA ç;kl djuk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 44. (c) O;k[;k% zz^lkekftd lejlrk dk;ZØe* lHkh xzke iapk;rksa esa iapk;rh zz vkokl vkSj 'kgjh xjhch mi'keu ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ jkt ea=kky; vkSj lkekftd U;k; ,oa vfèkdkfjrk ea=kky; ds nhun;ky mikè;k; vaR;ksn; ;kstuk esa Øe'k% xzkeh.k fodkl leFkZu vkSj lg;ksx ls vk;ksftr fd;k x;k FkkA bl dk;ZØe ea=kky; rFkk 'kgjh xjhch mi'keu ea=kky; }kjk ykxw jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku (vkthfodk) ,oa jk"Vªh; 'kgjh esa xzkeh.kksa us MkW- vacsMdj dks lEekfur fd;k vkSj lkekftd vkthfodk fe'ku 'kkfey gSaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA lejlrk dks e”kcwr djus dk ladYi fy;k lkekftd U;k; zzbl ;kstuk dk y{; 'kgjh xjhc ifjokjksa dh xjhch vkSj tksf•e dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s ljdkj dh fofHkUu ;kstukvksa ds lacaèk de djus ds fy;s mUgsa ykHkdkjh Lojks”kxkj vkSj dq'ky e”knwjh esa tkudkjh çnku dh xbZA jks”kxkj ds volj ds mi;ksx djus esa l{ke djuk] ftlds 46. (b) O;k[;k% ifj.kkeLo:i e”kcwr ”kehuh Lrj ds fuekZ.k ls mudh vkthfodk zz';kek çlkn eq•thZ :cuZ fe'ku (SPMRM) ;k jk"Vªh; :cuZ esa LFkk;h vkèkkj ij ljkguh; lqèkkj gks ldsA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA fe'ku (NRuM) dk mís'; lHkh jkT;ksa vkSj dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa zzbl fe'ku dk mís'; pj.kc¼ rjhds ls 'kgjh cs?kj yksxksa dks esa] ftuesa fodkl dh laHkkouk,¡ fufgr gSa] muesa xzkeh.k lao`f¼ vko';d lsokvksa ls ;qDr vkJ; çnku djuk Hkh gksxkA lewgksa (Rural Growth Clusters) dk fodkl djuk gSA blls zz;g ;kstuk lM+d foØsrkvksa dh vkthfodk lacaèkh leL;kvksa {ks=k esa lexz fodkl dks xfr feysxhA dks ns•rs gq, mudh mHkjrs ck”kkj ds voljksa rd igq¡p dks zzjkT; ljdkjsa xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kky; }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ dk;kZUo;u lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s mi;qDr LFkku] laLFkkxr ½.k vkSj dh :ijs•k ds vuqlkj DyLVjksa dh igpku djsaxhA vr% dFku lkekftd lqj{kk rFkk dkS'ky ds lkFk bls lqfoèkktud cukus 1 lgh ugha gSA ls Hkh lacafèkr gSA zz,d ^#cuZ DyLVj*] eSnkuh vkSj rVh; {ks=kksa esa 25]000 ls zzvkthfodk & jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k vkthfodk fe'ku (NRLM) twu 2011 esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds xzkeh.k fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: dh 50]000 vkcknh okys vkSj e#Hkwfe] ioZrh; ;k tutkrh; {ks=kksa xbZ FkhA esa 5]000 ls 15]000 dh vkcknh okys HkkSxksfyd :i ls fo'o cSad }kjk fuos'k lgk;rk çkIr ds Hkkx ds :i esa] ,d&nwljs ds lehi cls xk¡oksa dk ,d DyLVj gksxkA bl fe'ku dk y{; xzkeh.k xjhcksa ds fy;s dq'ky vkSj zzfodkl dk vuqdwyre Lrj lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s] DyLVj çHkkoh laLFkkxr IysViQkeZ rS;kj djuk gS] ftlls mUgsa ds fy;s pkSng ?kVdksa dks okaNuh; crk;k x;k gS] ftuesa 'kkfey fVdkÅ vkthfodk c<+kus vkSj ?kjsyw foÙkh; lsokvksa rd gksaxs% vkfFkZd fØ;kdykiksa ls lac¼ dkS'ky fodkl çf'k{k.k] csgrj igq¡p ds ”kfj;s ?kjsyw vk; esa o`f¼ djus esa l{ke Ñf"k çlaLdj.k@ Ñf"k lsok@ Hk.Mkj.k vkSj os;j gkmflax] fMftVy cuk;k tk ldsA uoacj 2015 esa dk;ZØe dk uke nhun;ky lk{kjrk] LoPNrk] ikbi ds ”kfj;s ty vkiwfrZ dk çkoèkku] Bksl vaR;ksn; ;kstuk (DU-NRLM) j•k x;k FkkA vkSj rjy vif'k"V çcaèku] xzkeh.k xfy;ksa o ukfy;ksa dk çcaèku] 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 15 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation LVªhV ykbV~l] iwjh rjg lqlfTtr eksckby gsYFk ;wfuV] Ldwy@ zzofj"B ukxfjd dY;k.k fufèk dk Hkkjrh; la?k ds lkoZtfud mPp f'k{kk lqfoèkkvksa dk mUu;u] xk¡oksa ds chp lM+d laidZ] •krs esa C;kt •krk gksxk vkSj bls lfefr }kjk ç'kkflr fd;k ukxfjd lsok dsaæ&ukxfjd dsafær lsokvksa@bZ&xzke laidZ ds tk,xkA lkekftd U;k; vkSj vfèkdkfjrk ea=kky; fufèk ds bysDVªkWfud forj.k ds fy;s] lkoZtfud ifjogu vkSj ,yihth O;oLFkkiu ds fy;s uksMy ea=kky; gksxkA xSl dusD'kuA 48. (a) O;k[;k% zzbl ;kstuk dk y{;] xzkeh.k DyLVlZ ds fodkl ds ekè;e ls zz^bfEçaV bafM;k* Hkkjr ds fy;s çklafxd nl çkS|ksfxdh {ks=kksa dh lexz {ks=kh; fodkl dks mRçsfjr djuk gSA ;g xzkeh.k {ks=kksa dks çeq• vfHk;kaf=kdh vkSj çkS|ksfxdh lacaèkh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiVus lqn`<+ cukus vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kksa dks cks> eqDr djus ds nks mís';ksa dks çkIr djds] ns'k ds xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kksa dks ,d lkFk dh ;kstuk rS;kj djus ds fy;s leLr vkbZvkbZVh laLFkkuksa vkSj ykHk igq¡pk,xkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA vkbZvkbZ,llh dh la;qDr igy gSA vr% (a) lgh fodYi gSA zzfe'ku ds lqpk# dk;kZUo;u dks lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s jkT; zzbl igy ds mís'; gSa% (1) lekt ds fy;s rkRdfyd :i vkSj dsaæ nksuksa esa laLFkkxr O;oLFkk dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gSA ls çklafxd uokpkj dh ”k:jr okys {ks=kksa dh igpku djuk zz;g fe'ku Hkh vuqlaèkku] fodkl vkSj {kerk fuekZ.k dh lqfoèkk (2) fpfÉr {ks=kksa esa çR;{k oSKkfud vuqlaèkku (3) bu {ks=kksa dh fn'kk esa ,d uokpkj ctV gSA esa vfèkdre foÙkh; lgk;rk lqfuf'pr djuk vkSj (4) xzkeh.k@'kgjh {ks=kksa esa thou ds Lrj ij çHkko ds lanHkZ esa 47. (b) O;k[;k% zz^jk"Vªh; o;ksJh ;kstuk*] lkekftd U;k; vkSj vfèkdkfjrk ea=kky; vuqlaèkku ds ç;kl ds fu"d"kks± dk vkdyuA ds vèkhu] chih,y Js.kh ls lacafèkr ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds fy;s 49. (c) O;k[;k% 'kkjhfjd lgk;rk vkSj thou&;kiu ds fy;s midj.k çnku djus zzHkkjr ljdkj us lkoZtfud {ks=k ds cSadksa (PSBs) esa lqèkkj ds ls gSA vr% (b) lgh fodYi gSA fy;s 2015 esa lkr vk;keh baæèkuq"k ;kstuk 'kq: dhA bu lkr zz;g iwjh rjg ls dsaæ ljdkj }kjk foÙkiksf"kr ,d dsaæh; {ks=k vk;keksa esa fu;qfDr;k¡] C;wjks cksMZ] iwathdj.k] rukoeqDr] dh ;kstuk gSA ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy;s O;; ^ofj"B l'kDrhdj.k] tokcnsgh vkSj 'kklu ds lqèkkjksa dh :ijs•k ukxfjd* dY;k.k dks"k ls çkIr fd;k tk,xkA 'kkfey gSA zzbldk mís'; vk;q lacaèkh chekfj;ksa (de n`f"V] lquus esa ijs'kkuh] zziwathdj.k ds varxZr] bl ;kstuk esa ljdkj }kjk pkj foÙkh; nk¡rksa dk VwV tkuk ,oa xfrjksèk fodykaxrk vkfn) dk lkeuk o"kks± dh vofèk esa 70]000 djksM+ #i;s rd dh iwath lkoZtfud dj jgs gS chih,y Js.kh ls lac¼ cqtqxks± dks thou ;kiu ds {ks=k ds cSadksa esa yxkus dh dYiuk dh xbZA ljdkj us gky gh fy;s vko';d midj.k çnku dj muds thou dks lkekU; esa nks foÙkh; o"kks± esa 1]35]000 djksM+ #i, ds iqui±wthdj.k vFkok lkekU; ds djhc ysdj vkuk gSA ;s lgk;d midj.k ckW.M vkSj 18]139 djksM+ #i, ds ctVh; çkoèkku (baæèkuq"k mPp xq.koÙkk ls ;qDr gksaxs vkSj tgk¡ dgha Hkh ykxw gksxk ogk¡ ;kstuk ds rgr vof'k"V jkf'k) ds ekè;e ls vkSj 'ks"k jkf'k bu midj.kksa dks Hkkjr ekud C;wjks }kjk r; ekinaMksa ds vuqlkj rS;kj fd;k tk,xkA cSadksa }kjk ck”kkj ls tqVkdj lkoZtfud {ks=k ds cSadksa ds 2]11]000 djksM+ #i, rd dk iquiZwathdj.k dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSA vc rd zzo"kZ 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj] Hkkjr esa ofj"B ukxfjdksa dh vkcknh 10-38 djksM+ gSA ofj"B ukxfjdksa dh 70 iQhlnh 59]435 djksM+ #i, dh iwath baæèkuq"k ds rgr lkoZtfud {ks=k ls Hkh vfèkd vkcknh xzkeh.k {ks=kksa esa jgrh gSA ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds cSadksa dks nh tk pqdh gSA dk ,d cM+k çfr'kr (5-2») o`¼koLFkk esa gksus okyh v{kerkvksa zzljdkj us gky gh esa 1]3000 djksM+ #i, ds iquiZwathdj.k ckW.M ls ihfM+r gSA ds ”kfj;s vkSj #i, dk ctV çkoèkku ds ”kfj;s 2]11]000 uksV% djksM+ #i, dh ih,lch dks iquiZwathdj.k djus dk iQSlyk fd;k zzdsaæ ljdkj us ofj"B ukxfjdksa ds dY;k.k dks c<+kok nsus ds gSA nks foÙkh; o"kks± esa 18]139 djksM+ (baæèkuq"k ;kstuk ds rgr fy;s vkSj ,sls gh vU; ç;kstuksa ds fy;s ofj"B ukxfjd dY;k.k vof'k"V jkf'k) vkSj ck”kkj ls cSadksa }kjk iwath c<+kus ds fy;s fufèk uked dks"k dh LFkkiuk dh gS tks foÙk vfèkfu;e] 2015 'ks"k jkf'kA ljdkj us vHkh rd baæèkuq"k ds rgr ih,lch esa esa fofufnZ"V gSA 59]435 djksM+ #i, dk iwath fuos'k fd;k gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 16 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzbl dk;ZØe dks lqn`<+ vkSj e”kcwr djus rFkk rhoz xfr ls lHkh IokWbaV] iQhMjksa vkSj forj.k VªkaliQkeZjksa)] lw{e fxzM ,oa vkWiQ cPpksa ds fy;s iw.kZ çfrj{k.k dojst çkIr djus ds fy;s Hkkjr fxzM forj.k usVodZ rFkk xzkeh.k fo|qrhdj.k 'kkfey gSaA bu ljdkj (LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky;) us fnlacj 2014 lHkh dks vkjththohokbZ ds varxZr iwjk djus ds fy;s igys gh esa fe'ku bUæèkuq"k dk 'kqHkkjaHk fd;kA bldk mís'; 2020 rd ea”kwjh nh tk pqdh gSA mu lHkh cPpksa dks doj djuk gS ftUgsa ;k rks Vhds ugha yxk, zzbl ;kstuk dks fØ;kfUor djus ds fy;s xzkeh.k fo|qrhdj.k x, gSa ;k lkr oSDlhu çfrj{k.k jksxksa ds vkaf'kd :i ls Vhds fuxe (Rural Electrification Corporation-REC) uksMy ,tsalh yxk, gSa ftuesa fMIFkhfj;k] dkyh •kalh] VsVul] iksfy;ks] Vhch] gksxhA vkjbZlh] ;kstuk dks ykxw fd;s tkus dh ekfld çxfr •ljk vkSj gsisVkbfVl ch 'kkfey gSaA vr% fodYi (c) lgh gSA fjiksVZ dks ÅtkZ ea=kky; rFkk dsanzh; fo|qr çkfèkdj.k (Ministry of Power and Central Electricity Authority) ds le{k çLrqr 50. (b) O;k[;k% djsxhA bl fjiksVZ esa foÙkh; rFkk okLrfod çxfr dk C;ksjk fn;k zzesjk xk¡o esjk xkSjo% Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kky; }kjk tk,xkA 'kq: dh xbZ bl ;kstuk ds rgr Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqlaèkku ifj"kn zzÅtkZ lfpo dh vè;{krk esa ,d fuxjkuh lfefr] ;kstuk ds (ICAR) vkSj Ñf"k fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds oSKkfud Ñf"k laLFkkuksa rgr ifj;kstukvksa dks LohÑfr nsxh rFkk budks ykxw fd;s tkus ds vklikl ds {ks=kksa esa Ñf"k mRiknu vkSj mRikndrk c<+kus ds dh fuxjkuh djsxhA fy;s fdlkuksa dks lykg vkSj ijke'kZ nsus gsrq xk¡oksa dh igpku djsaxsA vr% fodYi (b) lgh gSA foÙk iks"k.k i¼fr% zz;kstuk ds vuqnku dk fgLlk fof'k"V oxZ ds jkT;ksa ds vfrfjDr zzbldk mís'; ç;ksx'kkyk ls ”kehuh çfØ;k dks rs”k djus ds vU; jkT;ksa ds fy;s 60 iQhlnh (vuq'kaflr miyfCèk vftZr fy;s oSKkfudksa vkSj fdlkuksa ds chp lhèks laokn dks çksRlkfgr djus ij 75 çfr'kr rd) vkSj fof'k"V oxZ jkT;ksa ds fy;s 85 djuk gSA ;kstuk ds rgr oSKkfud viuh lqfoèkk ds vuqlkj iQhlnh (vuq'kaflr miyfCèk vftZr djus ij 90 çfr'kr rd) xk¡oksa dk p;u djsaxs vkSj p;fur xk¡oksa ds laidZ esa jgsaxs rFkk rd gSA vfrfjDr vuqnku ds fy;s visf{kr miyfCèk;k¡ gSa% ;kstuk futh ;k=kkvksa ;k VsyhiQksu ds ekè;e ls ,d fuf'pr le; dk le; ij iwjk gksuk] ,Vh ,aM lh esa visf{kr deh vkSj jkT; lhek esa rduhdh o vU; lacafèkr igyqvksa ij fdlkuksa dks ljdkj }kjk lfClMh dks vfxze :i ls tkjh djukA tkudkjh nsaxsA 52. (c) O;k[;k% 51. (c) O;k[;k% zzekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 11 uoacj] 2014 dks mUur zznhun;ky mikè;kk; xzke T;ksfr ;kstuk (DDUGJY) fo|qr Hkkjr vfHk;ku (Unnat Bharat Abhiyan & UBA) 'kq: fd;k ea=kky; dk ,d çeq• dk;ZØe gSA bl ;kstuk dk y{; 24 x;kA bl vfHk;ku ds rgr fodkl lacaèkh pqukSfr;ksa dks fpfÉr ?kaVs fctyh dh vkiwfrZ miyCèk djkus ds lkFk&lkFk xzkeh.k djus vkSj fVdkÅ fodkl esa rs”kh ykus ds fy;s mi;qDr lekèkku {ks=kksa esa Ñf"k vkSj xSj&Ñf"k miHkksDrkvksa dks foosdiw.kZ rjhds gsrq xzkeh.k Hkkjr ds yksxksa dks l{ke cukus ds fy;s mPp f'k{kk ls fo|qr vkiwfrZ lqfuf'pr djuk gSA laLFkkuksa ds lkFk feydj dke fd;k tk,xkA vr% fodYi (c) zzblesa xzkeh.k bykdksa esa lHkh Lrjksa ij ehVfjax lfgr iQhMj lgh gSA i`FkDdj.k (xzkeh.k {ks=k ds ?kjksa vkSj Ñf"k) rFkk lc&Vªkalfe'ku zzblds varxZr mu lHkh mPp f'k{kk laLFkkuksa tks dsaæh;@jkT; vkSj forj.k cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 17 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 53. (d) O;k[;k% zz3,000 djksM+ #i, ds bl dk;ZØe ds rgr lcls igys dqN zzvYila[;d ekeyksa ds ea=kky; }kjk ^ubZ eaf”ky ;kstuk* 'kq: Hkkjrh; çkS|ksfxdh laLFkkuksa (IITS) dks blds nk;js esa 'kkfey dh xbZA bl ;kstuk dk mís'; vYivla[;yd leqnk;ksa ds 17 fd;k tk,xkA bl igy dk tksj oSKkfudksa vkSj m|ksxksa ds chp ls 35 o"kZ ds ;qokvksa dks iQk;nk igqapkuk gS] ftUgksaus Ldwy vfèkd rkyesy dks çksRlkfgr djus ij gksxkA chp esa NksM+ fn;k gS ;k tks enjlk tSls lkeqnkf;d f'k{kk laLFkk zzlkbcj HkkSfrd flLVe ,d var% fo"k; (interdisciplinary) uksa ls f'kf{kr gSaA {ks=k gS tks daI;wVj&vkèkkfjr flLVe dh rSukrh ls lacafèkr gSA zzblds rgr mUgsa çek.k i=k lfgr dkS'ky çf'k{k.k vkSj vkSipkfjd fo'ks"kdj oks tks HkkSfrd nqfu;k ls lac¼ gS] mnkgj.k ds rkSj f'k{kk (d{kk 8 ;k 10 rd) çnku dh tk,xhA blls mUgsa ij Lo;a&lapkfyr dkjsa] jkscksfVDl] Ñf=ke cqf¼] fMftVy fuekZ.k] laxfBr {ks=k esa csgrj jks”kxkj ikus esa enn feysxh vkSj muds thou Lrj esa lqèkkj vk,xkA vr% dFku 1 vkSj 3 lgh gSaA fcx MsVk fo'ys"k.k] xgjh f'k{kk] DokaVe lapkj vkSj baVjusV dh zzblds varxZr U;wure 30» lhVsa vYila[;d yM+fd;ksa ds fy;s phtsaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA j•h xbZ gSA blesa 9&12 eghuksa dk ,d xSj&vkoklh; dk;ZØe zzMh,lVh }kjk ^DokaVe lwpuk foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh* (Quantum 'kkfey gS] ftlesa f'k{kk ds fy;s ,d csfld fczt çksxzke (d{kk Information Science and Technology & QuST) ij ,d 8 vkSj d{kk 10) ds lkFk&lkFk fujarj vkthfodk@ykHkçn u;k funZsf'kr vuqlaèkku dk;ZØe Hkh 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA ;g jks”kxkj ds fy;s O;kikj vkèkkfjr dkS'ky esa çf'k{k.k dks fufgr vkbZlhih,l (ICPS) dk;ZØe ds varxZr ,d fe'ku eksM+ ;kstuk fd;k x;k gSA gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA zz;g ,d 100» dsaæh; ;kstuk gS] ftls çR;{k :i ls vYila[;d 56. (c) O;k[;k% ekeyksa ds ea=kky; }kjk fØ;kfUor fd;k tk,xkA vr% dFku 2 zzJe ,oa jks”kxkj ea=kky; }kjk ,d ,dhÑr osc iksVZy ^Je lgh gSA lqfoèkk* fodflr fd;k x;k gS] blds rÙokèkku esa pkj çeq• 54. (c) O;k[;k% laxBuksa dks 'kkfey fd;k x;k gS% eq[; Jek;qDr (dsaæh;) zzçkFkfed f'k{kk dks lkoZHkkSfed cukus ds mís'; ls fu%'kqYd dk;kZy;] •ku lqj{kk egkfuns'kky;] deZpkjh Hkfo"; fufèk vkSj vfuok;Z cky f'k{kk (Right of the Child to Free and laxBu vkSj deZpkjh jkT; chek fuxeA Compulsory Education (RTE) vfèkfu;e] 2009 ds vfèkdkj ds dk;kZUo;u gsrq loZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan bldh eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa% & SSA) ,d fufnZ"V ;kstuk gSA zzvkWuykbu iathdj.k dh lqfoèkk nsus okyh bdkb;ksa (;k zzblds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa esa 6 ls 14 o"kZ dh vk;q oxZ ds cPps gSaA fu;ksDrkvksa) dks vkoafVr fof'k"V Je igpku la[;k (Unique zzloZ f'k{kk vfHk;ku ds rgr fuEufyf•r mi&dk;ZØe 'kkfey gSa% labour identification number & LIN)A vr% dFku 1 lgh zz^i<+s Hkkjr c<+s Hkkjr* ugha gSA zzjk"Vªh; vfo"dkj vfHk;ku (RAA) zzm|ksx }kjk Lo;a&çekf.kr ,oa ljyhÑr ,dy vkWuykbu fjVuZ zzfo|katyh dh iQkbfyax djukA m|ksxksa }kjk 16 vyx&vyx fjVuZ nkf•y zzyM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk dks c<+kok nsus ds fy;s 'kSf{kd :i ls djus dh ctk; ,d ,dy lesfdr fjVuZ vkWuykbu iQkby fiNM+s oxks± esa dLrwjck xkaèkh ckfydk fo|ky;A fd;k tk,xkA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA zzfeM&Ms&ehy Ldhe vkfnA zzJe fujh{kdksa }kjk 72 ?kaVs ds Hkhrj tksf•e vkèkkfjr ekunaM 55. (c) O;k[;k% vkSj fujh{k.k fjiksVZ viyksM djus gsrq dEI;wVjhÑr ç.kkyh ds zzfoKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh foHkkx (The Department of Science ekè;e ls ikjn'khZ Je fujh{k.k ;kstuk ykbZ xbZ gSA vr% dFku and Technology & DST) us ,d lkbcj HkkSfrd flLVe 3 lgh gSA (Cyber Physical System & CPS) dk;ZØe 'kq: fd;k gSA le; ij f'kdk;r fuokj.k 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 18 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 57. (a) O;k[;k% Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation- zzisa'kuHkksxh yksxksa ds fy;s ^thou çek.k* ,d ^vkèkkj&vkèkkfjr NHIDCL)] lM+d ifjogu vkSj jktekxZ ea=kky; (Ministry fMftVy ykbiQ lfVZfiQdsV* gSA çLrkfor fMftVy çek.ku ls of Road Transport and Highways-MoRTH) rFkk jkT; yksd isa'kuHkksfx;ksa ds fy;s og vfuok;Zrk •Re gks tk,xh ftlds fuekZ.k foHkkx (State Public Works Department-PWDs) ds rgr mUgsa gj o"kZ uoacj esa Lo;a tkdj thou çek.k i=k çLrqr ekè;e ls dk;kZfUor fd;k tkuk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA djuk iM+rk gS] rkfd ;g lqfuf'pr fd;k tk lds fd muds zzbl ;kstuk ds rgr ljdkj }kjk vxys ik¡p lkyksa esa yxHkx •krs esa isa'ku jkf'k vkus dk Øe tkjh jg ldsA 7 yk• djksM+ #i, ds fuos'k dj 83]677 fdyksehVj ds zzisa'kuHkksfx;ksa ls lac¼ egÙoiw.kZ fooj.k dks okLrfod le; esa jktekxks± vkSj lM+dksa dks fodflr djus dk y{; fuèkkZfjr fd;k ,d dsanzh; MkVkcsl ij viyksM fd;k tk,xk] ftlesa rkjh•] x;k gSA le; vkSj ck;ksehfVªd lwpuk,¡ 'kkfey gksaxhA bl O;oLFkk ls zzblds igys pj.k esa 5-35 yk• djksM+ #i, dh ykxr ls djhc isa'ku forj.k djus okyh ,tsafl;ksa ds fy;s fMftVy ykbiQ 35]000 fdyksehVj ds jktekxks± dk fuekZ.k djus dh ;kstuk gSA lfVZfiQdsV gkfly djuk laHko gks tk,xkA oLrqr% ;g bl rF; ?kVd% dh iqf"V djsxk fd lR;kiu ds le; isa'kuHkksxh ftank FkkA (a) jk"Vªh; xfy;kjksa dh n{krk esa lqèkkj% ysu foLrkj djuk zzvr% dFku (a) lgh gSA rFkk ekStwnk jk"Vªh; xfy;kjksa dk foladqyu djukA 58. (a) O;k[;k% (b) vkfFkZd dkWfjMksj fodkl% vkfFkZd :i ls egÙoiw.kZ zzHkkjrekyk ifj;kstuk dks ekStwnk jktekxks± ds cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 19 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zztksf•e dojst% bl ;kstuk ds varxZr nq?kZVuk esa e`R;q vkSj zzlwpuk çkS|ksfxdh vkSj dY;k.k esd bu bafM;k ds Hkkx gSaA vr% iw.kZ fodykaxrk dh fLFkfr esa 2]00]000 #i, vkSj vkaf'kd dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA fodykaxrk dh fLFkfr esa 1]00]000 #i, ds chek ykHk dk zz^esd bu bafM;k* dk;ZØe ds varxZr fuEufyf•r 25 {ks=k 'kkfey çkoèkku fd;k x;k gSA fd;s x, gSa% zz tksf•e dojst dh 'krs±% ,d lky dh bl ikWfylh dks gj 1- vkWVks la?kVd lky fjU;w fd;k tk ldrk gSA bls nh?kZdkfyd fodYi ds :i 2- vkWVkseksckby esa Hkh tkjh j•k tk ldrk gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa gj lky ¶vkWVks 3- foekuu MsfcV¸ ds ”kfj;s çhfe;e dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk,xkA 4- tSo&çkS|ksfxdh zzçèkkuea=kh thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk (thou chek doj ds fy;s) 5- jlk;u zz;ksX;rk% 18 ls 50 o"kZ dh vk;q lewg ds mu yksxksa ds fy;s 6- fuekZ.k miyCèk gksxh] ftudk dksbZ cSad •krk gksxkA 50 o"kZ dh vk;q 7- j{kk fofuekZ.k iwjh gksus ls iwoZ ;kstuk esa 'kkfey gksus okys yksx] çhfe;e ds 8- bySfDVªdy e'khujh Hkqxrku ds vkèkkj ij 55 lky dh mez rd thou chek dk 9- bySfDVªd flLVe fMtkbu vkSj fofuekZ.k ykHk mBk ldrs gSaA 10- •k| çlaLd j.k zzçhfe;e% 330 #i, çfr o"kZA ¶vkWVks MsfcV** lqfoèkk ds ”kfj;s 11- vkbZVh vkSj chih,e çhfe;e olwy fd;k tk,xkA 12- peM+k zzHkqxrku dk çdkj% •krkèkkjd ds •krs ls ^^vkWVks MsfcV** 13- ehfM;k vkSj euksjatu lqfoèkk ds ”kfj;s çhfe;e olwy fd;k tk,xkA 14- •uu zz tksf•e dojst% fdlh Hkh dkj.k ls gksus okyh e`R;q ds lacaèk 15- rsy vkSj xSl esa nks yk• #i, dk tksf•e dojstA 16- vkS"kèkh; zz tksf•e dojst dh 'krZsa% ,d lky dh bl ikWfylh dks gj 17- iÙku lky fjU;w fd;k tk ldrk gSA bls nh?kZdkfyd fodYi ds :i 18- jsyos esa Hkh tkjh j•k tk ldrk gS] ,slh fLFkfr esa gj lky ¶vkWVks MsfcV¸ ds ”kfj;s çhfe;e dk Hkqxrku fd;k tk,xkA 19- lM+d vkSj jktekxZ 20- uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ 60. (b) O;k[;k% 21- varfj{k ^esd bu bafM;k* 22- oL=k zz25 flracj 2014 dks ubZ fnYyh ds foKku Hkou ls ^esd bu 23- rkih; ÅtkZ bafM;k* dk;ZØe dh 'kq#vkr dh xbZA 24- i;ZVu vkSj gkWfLiVSfyVh zzbldk mís'; Hkkjr dks ,d egÙoiw.kZ fuos'k xarO; ds :i esa c<+kok nsuk vkSj fofuekZ.k] fMtkbu rFkk uohurk ds fy;s ,d 25- LokVfLÕy oSf'od dsaæ ds :i esa fodflr djuk gSA 61. (c) O;k[;k% zz^esd bu bafM;k* dh igy dsoy fofuekZ.k {ks=k dks yf{kr ugha zzLVSaM vi bafM;k ;kstuk dk mís'; 18 o"kZ ls vfèkd vk;q ds djrh gS] cfYd blds varxZr ns'k esa m|e'khyrk dks c<+kok vtk@vttk vkSj efgyk m|fe;ksa ds chp m|e'khyrk dks nsus dk Hkh y{; fuèkkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA c<+kok nsuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA zzbl igy dk mís'; fuos'k] vkèkqfud vkSj dq'ky cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 20 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation de ,d efgyk mèkkjdÙkkZ dks xzhuiQhYM m|e LFkkfir djus zzçeq• fo'ks"krk,¡% 'kkyk vfLerk ;kstuk ds rgr 'kq: fd;k ds fy;s 10 yk• ls 1 djksM+ #i, rd ds cSad ½.k dh x;k ASMITA ,d vkWuykbu MkVkcsl gksxk tks fo|kFkhZ dh lqfoèkk feyrh gSA bl ;kstuk ds rgr ½.k dsoy xzhuiQhYM mifLFkfr vkSj ukekadu] vfèkxe ifj.kke] feM&Ms ehy lsok ifj;kstukvksa ds fy;s gh feyrk gSA bl lanHkZ esa xzhuiQhYM ls vkSj volajpukRed lqfoèkkvksa o vU; ds ckjs esa tkudkjh vk'k; fofuekZ.k ;k lsokvksa ;k O;kikfjd {ks=k esa ykHkkFkhZ ds çnku djsxkA igys m|e ls gSA vr% dFku 2 vkSj 3 lgh gSaA zzfo|kfFkZ;ksa dks mudh vkèkkj la[;kvksa ds ekè;e ls VªSd fd;k zz;g m|e fofuekZ.k] lsokvksa ;k O;kikj {ks=k esa gks ldrk gSA tk,xk (ftuds ikl ;g ugha gksxk] muds fy;s bls cukus dh zzxSj&O;fDrxr m|eksa ds ekeys esa de&ls&de 51 çfr'kr 'ks;j O;oLFkk dh tk,xh)A vr% (b) lgh fodYi gSA vkSj fu;af=kr fgLlsnkjh v-tk-@v-t-tk- ;k efgyk m|eh ds ikl gksuh pkfg;sA zzbl dk;ZØe dh liQyrk jkT;ksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ij fVdh gS] zz;g igy ;qokvksa dks uoksUes"kh fopkjksa ds lkFk vkxs vkus vkSj D;ksafd LFkkuh; vfèkdkfj;ksa dks vkWuykbu VªSfdax flLVe esa ns'k esa jks”kxkj ds volj iSnk djus ds fy;s Hkh çksRlkfgr vk¡dM+s nSfud vkèkkj ij Hkjus gksaxsA djsxhA 64. (d) O;k[;k% 62. (b) O;k[;k% zzçèkkuea=kh mTToyk ;kstuk (isVªksfy;e vkSj çkÑfrd xSl zz1 vçSy] 1988 dks Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k fdlku ea=kky;)% fodkl i=k (KVP) ,d cpr çi=k gS] ftls Mkd?kj ds ekè;e zzçèkkuea=kh mTToyk ;kstuk (PMUY) dh 'kq#vkr çèkkuea=kh us ls forfjr fd;k tkrk FkkA bls 2011 esa can dj fn;k x;k Fkk 2016 esa mÙkj çns'k ds cfy;k ls dh FkhA bldk mís'; •kuk vkSj 2014 esa bls iqu% 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA vr% dFku 1 idkus ds fy;s LoPN bZaèku&LPG çnku djds efgykvksa vkSj lgh gSA cPpksa ds LokLF; dks lqjf{kr djuk gS] rkfd mUgsa èkq,¡ ls Hkjh zzbldk eq[; mís'; mHkjrs fuos'kdksa ds fy;s lqjf{kr fuos'k ds jlksbZ esa vius LokLF; ls le>kSrk u djuk iM+s ;k tykou volj çnku djuk Fkk] ftlesa fuos'k fd;k x;k èku 115 eghus ydM+h ds fy;s vlqjf{kr {ks=kksa esa HkVduk u iM+sA vr% dFku dh ifjiDork vofèk esa nksxquk gks tkrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh 1 lgh gSA ugha gSA zzbl ;kstuk ds rgr xjhch js•k ls uhps (BPL) jgus okyksa dks zzgkyk¡fd] KVP esa fuos'kdksa dks muds fuos'k ij dksbZ dj&ykHk 5 djksM+ LPG dusD'ku fn;s tk,axs] ftlds fy;s mUgsa çfr (Tañ Benifit) ugha feyrkA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA dusD'ku 1600 #i, dh lgk;rk nh tk,xhA fo'ks"kdj xzkeh.k zzfdlku fodkl i=k Hkkjrh; #i, ds 1000] 5000] 10]000 ds {ks=kksa esa efgyk l'kDrhdj.k lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s ifjokjksa dbZ ewY; oxks± esa lHkh Mkd?kjksa esa vkSj #i, 50]000 ds ewY; dh efgykvksa ds uke ij ;s dusD'ku tkjh fd;s tk,axsA bl esa lHkh çèkku Mkd?kjksa esa miyCèk gSaA ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u ds fy;s 8000 djksM+ #i, vkoafVr fd;s 63. (b) O;k[;k% x, gSaA chih,y ifjokjksa dh igpku lkekftd&vkfFkZd tkfr zz 'kkyk vfLerk ;kstuk (SAY)-ASMITA (vkWy Ldwy ekWfuVfjax tux.kuk ds vk¡dM+s ds vkèkkj ij dh tk,xhA vr% dFku 2 bafMfotqvy Vªsflax ,ukfyfll) dh 'kq#vkr ekuo lalkèku lgh gSA fodkl ea=kky; us dh FkhA zzmís';% ns'k ds 15 yk• futh vkSj ljdkjh Ldwyksa esa d{kk 1 uksV% 2018 ds ctV esa çèkkuea=kh mTToyk ;kstuk dk y{; ls d{kk 12oha rd ds djhc 25 djksM+ Ldwyh fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh c<+kdj 8 djksM+ dusD'ku dj fn;k x;k gSA 'kSf{kd çxfr dk irk yxkukA ASMITA ls feM&Ms ehy vkSj zzxSl flysaMj vkSj LVkso bR;kfn ds ?kjsyw Lrj ij fofuekZ.k ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s vU; ykHkdkjh ;kstukvksa esa gksus okys fjlko ekè;e ls ;g esd bu bafM;k vfHk;ku esa lg;ksx djsxhA vr% rFkk Hkz"Vkpkj dk irk yxkus esa enn feysxhA dFku 3 lgh gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 21 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 65. (d) O;k[;k% zzfons'kh eqæk çcaèku vfèkfu;e] 1999 ds rgr ikfjHkkf"kr Hkkjr zzekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; us jk"Vªh; vkfo"dkj vfHk;ku esa jgus okys O;fDr SGB esa fuos'k djus ds fy;s ik=k gSaA ik=k (RAA) dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA ;g ,d vfHklj.k (Convergent) fuos'kdksa esa O;fDrxr] la;qDr fganw ifjokj] VªLV] fo'ofo|ky;] :ijs•k gS] ftldk y{; vUos"k.k vkSj jpukRedrk dh Hkkouk èkekZFkZ laLFkku vkfn 'kkfey gSaA dk iks"k.k djuk] foKku vkSj xf.kr ds fy;s çse rFkk cPpksa ds zzçkjafHkd fuos'k dh jkf'k ij çfro"kZ 2-50 çfr'kr (fuf'pr chp çkS|ksfxdh dk çHkkoh mi;ksx vkSj mu yksxksa dks çksRlkfgr nj) dh nj ls bu ij C;kt fn;k tkrk gSA C;kt dks fuos'kd djuk tks bu fo"k;ksa ds fy;s 'kS{kf.kd mRÑ"Vrk rFkk 'kksèk dh ds cSad •krs esa v¼Z&okf"kZd :i ls tek fd;k tk,xk rFkk Å¡pkbZ rd igq¡pus ds çfr >qdko vkSj ;ksX;rk çnf'kZr djrs gSaA vafre C;kt ewyèku ds lkFk ifjiDork ij ns; gksxkA zzmís';% fo|ky; ds ckgj ds thou esa fo|ky; vkèkkfjr Kku SGB ds ykHk% dks tksM+uk rFkk foKku vkSj xf.kr lh•us dks ,d vkuan;qDr zzlaçHkq Lo.kZ ckW.M (Sovereign Gold Bond-SGB) MheSV vkSj lkFkZd xfrfofèk cukukA bldk y{; Nk=kksa esa tkudkjh] (bysDVªkWfud :i esa) vkSj dkx”kh :i esa miyCèk gksaxsA ç;ksx] jpukRedrk dh Hkkouk mRiUu djrs gq, uokpkj] zzckW.M dh vofèk 8 lky ds fy;s gS] ftlesa ik¡pos] NBs vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ij è;ku dsafær djus ds lkFk d{kk ds vanj vkSj lkrosa o"kZ esa ckgj fudyus dk fodYi feyrk gSA ckgj LFkk;h #fp j•us ds fy;s çksRlkfgr djuk gSA zzbu ij fd;s x, iwath fuos'k vkSj C;kt nksuksa ij laçHkq xkjaVh zz yf{kr oxZ% ;g ljdkjh Ldwyksa] uoksn; fo|ky;ksa] dsaæh; nh tk,xhA fo|ky;ksa] eqDr fo|ky;ksa esa i<+us okys 6 ls 18 o"kZ ds zzbUgsa ½.k ds fy;s laikf'oZd (Collateral) ds :i esa bLrseky fo|kfFkZ;ksa] fo'ks"k fo|ky;ksa vkSj fo'ks"k çf'k{k.k dsaæksa dks yf{kr fd;k tk ldrk gSA djrk gSA vr% fodYi (d) lgh gSA zzbudk dkjksckj ,Dlpsatksa ij djus dh vuqefr nh tk,xh rkfd 66. (b) O;k[;k% bPNqd fuos'kd 'kq#vkr esa gh bUgsa cspdj buls ckgj vk ldsaA çèkkuea=kh fdlku laink (SAMPADA-Ñf"k leqæh mRikan zzblesa O;fDr dks laçHkq Lo.kZ ckW.M dh eqfDr ij gksusokys iwath çlaLdj.k ,oa Ñf"k çlaLdj.k DyLVsj fodkl ;kstuk)% ykHk dj (Capital Gain Tax) dh NwV nh xbZ gSA zz ;g •k| çlaLdj.k m|ksx ea=kky; dh ,d lexz ;kstuk gS] zzSGB dk mís'; ns'k esa vk;kfrr Lo.kZ dh ek=kk dks de djds ftlesa esxk iQwM ikdZ] ,dhÑr 'khrx`g Ük`a•yk vkSj ewY; fons'kh eqæk ds ckgj tkus ij vadq'k yxkdj pkyw •krk ?kkVs laof¼Zr lajpuk] •k| lqj{kk rFkk xq.koÙkk dh fo'oluh;rk dh dks de djuk gSA lajpuk vkfn tSlh py jgh ;kstuk,¡ 'kkfey gSaA buds vykok zzLo.kZ ekSæhdj.k ;kstuk (Gold Monetisation Scheme-GMS) Ñf"k çlaLdj.k DyLVj ds fy;s cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 22 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation GMS ds ykHk% ;kstukc¼ vuqlaèkku ç;ksx'kkyk ij vkèkkfjr f'k{k.k ds lkFk zzLo.kZ ekSæhdj.k ;kstuk vkids ykWdj esa iM+s Lo.kkZHkw"k.kksa ds leqfpr :i ls tksM+k tk ldsA ^ftKklk* tgk¡ ,d vksj Ldwy fy;s C;kt vftZr djrh gSA VwVs gq, vkHkw"k.k ;k ,sls vkHkw"k.k ds fo|kfFkZvksa vkSj muds vè;kidksa esa ftKklk dh laLÑfr dks] tks vki iguuk ugha pkgrs ml ij Hkh Lo.kZ ds :i esa C;kt ogha nwljh vksj oSKkfud vfHk#fp dks varfuZfo"V djsxhA bl vftZr dj ldrs gSaA dk;ZØe ds varxZr 100]000 fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj yxHkx 1000 zzflDds vkSj fVfd;k vfèkewY;u (Appreciation) ds vykok vè;kidksa dks lkykuk rkSj ij yf{kr djrs gq, 1151 dsaæh; C;kt vftZr dj ldrs gSaA fo|ky;ksa dks CSIR dh 38 jk"Vªh; ç;ksx'kkykvksa ds lkFk tksM+s zzLo.kZ cSad }kjk lqjf{kr j•k tk,xkA tkus dh laHkkouk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA zz zzLo.kZ ls Hkfo"; esa vkSj ykHkktZu ds fy;s ifjiDork vofèk ij ;g dk;ZØe fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj vè;kidks dks lh,lvkbZvkj dh HkkSfrd Lo.kZ ;k Hkkjrh; #i, ds :i esa okilh laHko gSA ç;ksx'kkykvksa dk nkSjk dj vkSj y?kq foKku ifj;kstukvksa esa Hkkx ysdj foKku esa i<+kbZ tkus okyh lS¼kafrd voèkkj.kkvksa dks zzblls gksus okys ykHk iwath ykHk dj] laifÙk dj vkSj vk;dj O;okgkfjd vuqHko izkIr djus esa l{ke cuk,xkA bl laidZ ds ls eqDr gSaA tek fd;s x, Lo.kZ ds vfèkewY;u (Appreciation) ekWMy esa fuEufyf•r 'kkfey gSa% ;k blls feyus okys C;kt ij dksbZ iwath ykHk dj ugha fy;k tk,xkA zzfo|kFkhZ vkoklh; dk;ZØe] zz zzGMS dk mís'; ?kjksa esa tek vç;qDr Lo.kZ dks ?kjsyw ck”kkj oSKkfud] f'k{kdksa dh Hkwfedk esa vkSj f'k{kd oSKkfudksa dh esa miyCèk djkdj pkyw •krs ds ?kkVs dks de djuk gS] lkFk Hkwfedk esa] gh ?kjsyw {ks=k dh vko';drk dks iwjk djus ds fy;s vk;kfrr zzç;ksx'kkyk ls tqM+h fo'ks"k xfrfofèk;k¡@ ekSds ij ç;ksx] lksus dh ek=kk esa Hkh deh djuk gSA zzLdwyksa esa oSKkfudksa ds nkSjs@igq¡p dk;ZØe] zz zzGMS dk lapkyu Hkh fj”koZ cSad }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA foKku vkSj xf.kr Dyc] zzLdwyksa esa yksdfç; O;k[;ku Ük`a•yk,¡@çn'kZu dk;ZØe] vr% dFku 1 vkSj 3 lgh gSaA zzfo|kFkhZ çf'k{kqrk dk;ZØe] 68. (a) O;k[;k% zzfoKku çn'kZfu;k¡] zzçèkkuea=kh o; oanuk ;kstuk 60 o"kZ ;k blls vfèkd vk;q ds zzjk"Vªh; cky foKku dkWUxzsl ds çkstsDV] ofj"B ukxfjdksa dks fu;fer isa'ku vk; miyCèk djkus ds fy;s zzvè;kid dk;Z'kkyk,¡] vkSj cukbZ xbZ gSA bl ;kstuk esa ços'k ds fy;s dksbZ vfèkdre vk;q zzfVadfjax yScksjsVªh ugha gSA bls lapkfyr djus dk ,dek=k vfèkdkj Hkkjrh; thou zz chek fuxe dks fn;k x;k gS vkSj blds ekè;e ls ;g ;kstuk vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA vkWiQykbu vkSj lkFk gh vkWuykbu •jhnh tk ldrh gSA bl 70. (c) O;k[;k% ;kstuk esa 8» ls 8-30» çfro"kZ dk lqfuf'pr fjVuZ dk çkoèkku zzLokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; dh igy ^fe'ku ifjokj gS] tks bl ckr ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd vki ekfld] =kSekfld] fodkl* ds rgr ns'k esa mu 145 f”kyksa ij è;ku fn;k tk,xk] v¼Z&okf"kZd ;k okf"kZd vkèkkj esa ls fdlesa isa'ku çkIr djuk tgk¡ dqy çtuu nj lcls vfèkd gSA ^fe'ku ifjokj fodkl* pkgrs gSaA ekfld fodYi esa fjVuZ 8» gS vkSj okf"kZd fodYi dk çeq• mís'; vfèkdkj&vkèkkfjr 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 23 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 71. (d) O;k[;k% zz;g lHkh jkT;ksa esa ?kjsyw fo|qrhdj.k ij xk¡o&okj vkSj fuokl zzvc rd iSuy cukus okyh lfefr;k¡ 'kh"kZ inksa ds fy;s flfoy LFkku ds vkèkkj ij csl ykbu MkVk çnku djrk gSA vr% dFku lsodksa dk p;u okf"kZd çxfr fjiksVZ ;k xksiuh; fjiksVks± ds 1 lgh gSA vkèkkj ij djrh FkhaA ;s fjiksVZsa dsoy ,d O;fDr }kjk cukbZ zznhu n;ky mikè;k; xzke T;ksfr ;kstuk (DDUGJY) ds rgr tkrh Fkha vkSj og Fkk leh{kkèkhu vfèkdkjh dk rkRdkfyd ckWlA çR;sd xk¡o esa dk;ks± dh çxfr dh fuxjkuh djus ds fy;s zzfiNys o"kZ ljdkj us bl ijaijk dks rksM+rs gq, buds çksUu;u LohÑr xk¡o&okj dk;ks± dh fLFkfr vkSj bu ifj;kstukvksa ds ds fy;s ,d lkèku ds :i esa 360 fMxzh iQhMcSd Vwy fy;s jkT;ksa dks èkujkf'k tkjh djus dk ekufp=k.k ^GARV&II* esa (360-degree feedback tool) dks viuk;kA vc bldk Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA egÙo gS fd vkids vèkhuLFk vkids vkSj fgrèkkjd vkids zzjkT; dh dk;kZUo;u ,tsafl;ksa }kjk fnu&çfrfnu ds vkèkkj ij ckjs esa D;k lksprs gSaA vr% (d) lgh fodYi gSA çxfr dks viMsV fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA ikjnf'kZrk lqfuf'pr djus] fofHkUu fgrèkkjdksa dh tokcnsgh c<+kus vkSj fudV fj;y 72. (a) O;k[;k% Vkbe dh çxfr dks ns•us dh lqfoèkk çnku djus ds fy;s lkjk zz^lqxE; iqLrdky;* ,d vkWuykbu IysViQkWeZ gS] tks i<+us esa vk¡dM+k lkoZtfud Mksesu esa miyCèk djk;k tk,xkA v{ke yksxksa ds fy;s lqyHk lkexzh miyCèk djkrk gSA vr% zzcM+s iSekus ij turk dh Hkkxhnkjh c<+kus ds fy;s ukxfjd dFku 1 lgh gSA lgHkkfxrk f•M+dh ‘SAMVAD’ cuk;k x;k gSA zz;g iqLrdky; dbZ lqyHk çk:iksa esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa vkSj Hkk"kkvksa 75. (a) ds çdk'ku miyCèk djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA O;k[;k% zzLdwy f'k{kk esa loZJs"B vH;klksa dk laxzg cukus vkSj loZ f'k{kk zz;g iwjs Hkkjr vkSj fo'o esa iqLrdky;ksa dks ,dhÑr djrk gS] vfHk;ku ds dk;kZUo;u dh fuxjkuh ds fy;s 'kxqu (Shagun) ftlesa lcls cM+k varjkZ"Vªh; iqLrdky;] ^cqd'ks;j* Hkh iksVZy 'kq: fd;k x;k gSA vr% (a) lgh mÙkj gSA 'kkfey gSA zzbldk y{; ns'k ds çkFkfed f'k{kk {ks=k esa uokpkj vkSj çxfr zz ;g Msth iQksje vkWiQ bafM;k ds lnL; laxBuksa ds lg;ksx ls dks capture and showcase djuk gSA lkekftd U;k; vkSj vfèkdkfjrk ea=kky; ds rgr fodykax zzblh us ^'kkyk* 'kCn x<+k gS ftldk vFkZ Ldwyksa ls gS vkSj (fnO;kaxtu) O;fDr;ksa ds vfèkdkfjrk foHkkx }kjk cuk;k x;k ^xq.koÙkk* dk vFkZ xq.koÙkk ls gSA gS vkSj bldk lapkyu TCS ,Dlsl }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA zzblesa jkT;&Lrj ds çn'kZu dks ekius vkSj çeq• 'kS{kf.kd ladsrdksa 73. (b) O;k[;k% dh çxfr dks tk¡pus ds fy;s ,d vkWuykbu fuxjkuh ekWMÔwy gSA zzefgyk vkSj cky fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ ^efgyk 76. (b) O;k[;k% iqfyl Lo;alsoh igy* esa iqfyl Lo;alsodksa ds ekè;e ls xk¡oksa zzLokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; }kjk ^jk"Vªh; fd'kksj LokLF; esa iqfyl vfèkdkfj;ksa vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa ds chp ,d dM+h dk;ZØe (RKSK)* 7 tuojh] 2014 dks 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA dk l`tu djus dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gS] ftlesa fo'ks"k :i zzubZ fd'kksj LokLF; ;kstuk lkoZHkkSfed dojst ds lkFk 10&14 ls efgykvksa dks bl mís'; ds fy;s çf'kf{kr fd;k tk,xkA o"kZ vkSj 15&19 o"kZ vk;q oxZ ij dsafær gS vFkkZr iq#"k vkSj zz çR;sd xk¡o esa de&ls&de ,d ,slk Lo;alsod gksxk] ftldk efgyk,¡] 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k] Ldwy esa vkSj Ldwy ls ckgj] çkFkfed dk;Z mu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij u”kj j•uk gksxk] tgk¡ xk¡o fookfgr vkSj vfookfgr rFkk detksj vkSj lsokoafpr lHkh blesa esa efgykvksa dk mRihM+u fd;k tk jgk gS ;k muds vfèkdkj 'kkfey gSaA ugha fn;s tk jgs gSa ;k muds fodkl dks vo#¼ fd;k tk zz;g dk;ZØe Hkkjr esa lHkh fd'kksjksa dks muds LokLF; vkSj jgk gSA dY;k.k ls lacafèkr mfpr fu.kZ; ysus vkSj blds fy;s mudks zzgfj;k.kk bl ;kstuk dks viukus okyk igyk jkT; gSA vr% (b) ftu lsokvksa vkSj leFkZuksa dh vko';drk gS mudh iwfrZ dj lgh mÙkj gSA mUgsa viuh iwjh {kerk dh igpku djus esa l{ke cukrk gSA 74. (d) O;k[;k% zzHkkxhnkjh] vfèkdkj] lekos'k] fyax lekurk vkSj lkefjd Hkkxhnkjh zzfo|qr ea=kky; us ns'k esa lHkh ?kjksa esa fctyh dh igq¡p çnku ds fl¼karksa ds vkèkkj ij LokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; djus ds fy;s ^GARV-II* ,i dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA (MoHFW) us ,d O;kid j.kuhfr fodflr dh gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 24 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzbl dk;ZØe ds dk;kZUo;u gsrq ekxZn'kZu ds fy;s MoHFW zzblds eísu”kj 2014&15 esa ns'k esa Fkhe vkèkkfjr i;ZVu dsaæksa us la;qDr jk"Vª tula[;k fufèk (UNFPA) ds lg;ksx ls ,d ds ,dhÑr fodkl ds fy;s i;ZVu ea=kky; us Lons'k n'kZu jk"Vªh; fd'kksj LokLF; j.kuhfr fodflr dh gSA ;g fd'kksj ;kstuk (dsaæh; {ks=k ;kstuk) 'kq: dh FkhA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA LokLF; vkSj fodkl lacaèkh vko';drkvksa dh fujarjrk ds ;kstuk ds mís';% vkèkkj ij ,d vfèkd lexz ekWMy ij è;ku dsafær djus ds 1- p;fur {ks=kksa esa vkthfodk ds fy;s ns'k ds lkaLÑfrd fy;s ekStwnk Dyhfud&vkèkkfjr jksx fuokjd n`f"Vdks.k dks vkSj fojklr ewY; dks c<+kok nsukA iqul±;ksftr djrk gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA 2- lfdZV@LFkyksa esa fo'oLrjh; volajpuk dk fodkl dj mís';% LFkk;h rkSj ls i;ZVd vkd"kZ.k c<+kukA (i) fd'kksj yM+fd;ksa vkSj yM+dksa ds chp dqiks"k.k ds çlkj 3- leqnk; vkèkkfjr fodkl vkSj fuèkZu leFkZd i;ZVu dks de djukA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA n`f"Vdks.k dk ikyu djukA (ii) fd'kksjkoLFkk esa yM+fd;ksa vkSj yM+dksa ds chp ykSg (Iron) 4- vk; ds c<+s gq, lzksrksa] csgrj thou Lrj vkSj {ks=k ds dh deh okys ,uhfe;k (IDA) ds çlkj dks de djukA lexz fodkl ds lanHkZ esa LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa ds chp muds (iii) ;kSu vkSj çtuu LokLF; ds lacaèk esa tkudkjh] euksn`f"V fy;s i;ZVu ds egÙo dks ysdj tkx:drk mRiUu djukA vkSj vkpj.k esa lqèkkj djukA 5- LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa dh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh ds ekè;e ls jks”kxkj mRiUu djukA (iv) fd'kksjkoLFkk esa gksus okys xHkZèkkj.k dks de djukA 6- vkxarqd lqfoèkk@larqf"V dks c<+kus ds fy;s i;ZVu lqfoèkk (v) fd'kksj ekrk&firkvksa dks tUe nsus dh rS;kjh] tfVy le; lsok,¡ fodflr djukA esa rRijrk vkSj 'kq#vkrh vfHkHkkod lgk;rk çnku djus zzi;ZVd dsaæ dks de&ls&de ,sls rhu çeq• i;ZVu LFkyksa esa lqèkkj djukA okys :V (ekxZ) ds :i esa ikfjHkkf"kr fd;k x;k gS tks (vi) fd'kksjksa ds ekufld LokLF; lacaèkh fparkvksa dk irk fof'k"V vkSj i`Fkd gSaA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA yxkukA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA 78. (c) O;k[;k% (vii) fd'kksjkoLFkk esa pksVksa vkSj fgalk (fyax vkèkkfjr fgalk zzdsaæ çk;ksftr ;kstuk (CSS) jk"Vªh; lrr~ Ñf"k fe'ku (NMSA) lfgr) dks jksdus ds fy;s vuqdwy O;ogkjksa dks c<+kok ds rgr 2015 esa 'kq: dh xbZ ijaijkxr Ñf"k fodkl ;kstuk nsukA (PKVY) e`nk LokLF; çcaèku (SHM) dk ,d foLrkfjr ?kVd (viii) çfrdwy çHkkoksa vkSj eknd æO;ksa ds nq#i;ksx ds ifj.kkeksa gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA ds çfr fd'kksjksa dh tkx:drk c<+kukA zzPKVY dk mís'; tSfod •srh dk leFkZu vkSj çpkj djuk (ix) mPp jDrpki] LVªksd] dkfMZ;ks&okLdqyj jksx vkSj eèkqesg gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA tSls xSj&lapkjh jksxksa dh jksdFkke ds fy;s fd'kksjksa dh zzbl ;kstuk dk mís'; i;kZoj.k vuqdwy] de ykxr okyh vknrksa esa ifjorZu dks c<+kok nsukA çkS|ksfxfd;k¡ viukdj jlk;uksa vkSj dhVuk'kd vo'ks"kksa ls eqDr 77. (a) O;k[;k% Ñf"k mRiknksa dk mRiknu djuk gSA zzHkkjr dh le`¼ lkaLÑfrd] ,sfrgkfld] èkkfeZd vkSj çkÑfrd zzPKVY Hkkxhnkjh xkjaVh ç.kkyh (PGS) çek.ku viukus ds fy;s fojklr ns'k esa i;ZVu vkSj jks”kxkj l`tu ds fodkl ds fy;s ,d DyLVj n`f"Vdks.k ds ekè;e ls tSfod •srh dks c<+kok fo'kky laHkkouk,¡ çnku djrh gSA ,sls LFkkuksa ij tkus okys nsrh gSA PGS çek.ku fdlkuksa dks muds tSfod mRikn çekf.kr i;ZVdksa dks vkdf"kZr djus ds fy;s dqN fof'k"V Fkheksa ij djus] yscy djus vkSj ?kjsyw ck”kkj esa mRiknksa dks ykus dh i;ZVu dsaæ fodflr djus dh vko';drk gSA lqfoèkk çnku djrk gSA zzFkhe vkèkkfjr ,sls i;ZVu dsaæksa dks bl çdkj fodflr fd;k zzbl ;kstuk ds rgr tSfod •srh viukus ds fy;s 50 ;k vfèkd tkuk pkfg;s fd ;s i;kZoj.k lacaèkh fparkvksa ls le>kSrk fd;s fdlku 50 ,dM+ ”kehu okys DyLVj dk fuekZ.k djsaxsA fcuk leqnk;ksa dks ykHkkfUor djsa] jks”kxkj çnku djsa vkSj lkekftd zzbl çdkj rhu lky ds nkSjku tSfod •srh ds rgr 5 yk• ,dhdj.k dks c<+kok nsus ds lkFk i;ZVdksa dks vf}rh; vuqHko ,dM+ tehu esa 10]000 DyLVj LFkkfir fd;s tk,axsA çek.ku çnku djsaA ij gq, •pZ ds fy;s fdlkuksa dh dksbZ nsunkjh ugha gksxhA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 25 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzçR;sd fdlku dks rhu o"kks± esa çfr ,dM+ 20]000 #i, cht] zzUIP 1992 esa cky thou j{kk vkSj lqjf{kr ekr`Ro dk;ZØe dk iQlyksa dh dVkbZ vkSj mRiknu dks ck”kkj esa ykus ds fy;s ,d fgLlk cu x;k] fdarq ;g dk;ZØe 1996 esa can gks x;k ifjogu gsrq fn;s tk,axsA vkSj 1997 ds ckn ls çfrj{k.k xfrfofèk;k¡ jk"Vªh; çtuu vkSj zzikjaifjd lalkèkuksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, tSfod •srh dks c<+kok cky LokLF; dk;ZØe dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ ?kVd jgh gSa vkSj fn;k tk,xk vkSj tSfod mRiknksa dks ck”kkj ds lkFk tksM+k tk,xkA orZeku esa jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k LokLF; fe'ku (2005 ds ckn ls) zzctV vkoaVu dk de&ls&de 30» fgLlk efgyk ykHkkfFkZ;ksa@ ds çeq• ?kVdksa esa ls ,d gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA fdlkuksa ds fy;s fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA vr% dFku 3 zzbl dk;ZØe esa 11 jksxksa ds fy;s Vhdkdj.k 'kkfey gS% {k; lgh gSA jksx] iVZqfll] fMIFkhfj;k] VsVul] gsisVkbfVl&ch] iksfy;ks] 79. (b) O;k[;k% fueksfu;k vkSj gseksfiQyl bUÝyq,atk Vkbi-B ds dkj.k gksus zzmM+ku (UDAAN) ekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; ds ekxZn'kZu okyk esfuutkbfVl] •ljk] :csyk] jksVkok;jl Mk;fj;k vkSj esa dsaæh; ekè;fed f'k{kk cksMZ (CBSE) }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ ,d tkikuh ,UlsiQykbfVlA ifj;kstuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA zzgky gh esa Hkkjr ds lkoZtfud Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe (UIP) ds zzbldk mís'; çfrf"Br bathfu;fjax laLFkkuksa esa Nk=kkvksa ds de fy;s Vhdksa dh fliQkfj'k djus okys dk Vhdk 'kq: djus dh ukekadu ds eqís vkSj Ldwyh f'k{kk vkSj bathfu;fjax ços'k ijh{kk LohÑfr ns nh gSA ds chp f'k{k.k varj ij è;ku nsuk gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh 81. (a) O;k[;k% ugha gSA zziSj vkSj eq¡g dk jksx (Foot and Mouth Disease-FMD) lcls zz;g f'k{kk ds rhu vk;keksa&ikBÔØe fM”kkbu] lapkyu vkSj vfèkd vkfFkZd :i ls fouk'kdkjh laØked jksx gS] tks fd ewY;kadu ij è;ku nsrs gq, Ldwy Lrj ij foKku vkSj xf.kr fo"kk.kq tfur jksxksa esa ls ,d gSA ;g jksx lHkh vfrlaosnu'khy ds f'k{k.k rFkk mls lh•us dks le`¼ djus dk ç;kl gSA foHkkftr •qj okys tkuojksa dks çHkkfor djrk gSA vr% dFku zzbl dk;ZØe ds rgr fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks ns'k esa fofHkUu çeq• 1 lgh ugha gSA bathfu;fjax dkWystksa esa ços'k ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds fy;s vkHkklh zz lIrkgkar laidZ d{kkvksa vkSj igys ls vè;;u lkexzh yksM iSj vkSj eq¡g ds jksx ds dkj.k vkfFkZd uqdlku dks jksdus ds VScysV ij vè;;u lkexzh ds ekè;e ls fu%'kqYd vkWiQykbu@ fy;s] ^iSj vkSj eq¡g jksx fu;a=k.k dk;ZØe* (FMD-CP) uked vkWuykbu lalkèku çnku fd;s tkrs gSaA ,d LFkku fof'k"V dk;ZØe 10oha ;kstuk vofèk ds ckn ls dk;kZfUor fd;k tk jgk gSA 11oha vkSj 12oha ;kstuk vofèk ds ik=krk% nkSjku èkhjs&èkhjs FMD-CP dk foLrkj fd;k x;kA zz;g dk;ZØe dsoy Hkkjr esa jgus okys Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa ds fy;s gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA zzvc rd] ;g 13 jkT;ksa vkSj 6 dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa vkaèkz çns'k] zzfdlh Hkh ekU;rk çkIr cksMZ@Hkkjr esa lhch,lbZ ls tqM+s futh rsyaxkuk] egkjk"Vª] dsjy] rfeyukMq] xqtjkr] iatkc] gfj;k.kk] Ldwyksa@dsaæh; fo|ky;ksa@uoksn; fo|ky;ksa@ljdkjh fo|ky;ksa esa mÙkj çns'k] dukZVd] xksok] jktLFkku] fcgkj] iqnqpsjh] fnYyh] d{kk 11 esa i<+us okyh lHkh yM+fd;k¡ vkosnu djus gsrq ik=k gSaA vaMeku fudksckj] nknjk vkSj ukxj gosyh rFkk y{k}hi ds 351 zzifjokj dh çfro"kZ vk; 6 yk• ls de gksuh pkfg;sA f”kyksa dks doj djrk gSA zz'ks"k jkT;ksa dks pj.kc¼ rjhds ls doj djus ds fy;s bl 80. (d) O;k[;k% dk;ZØe ds nk;js esa foLrkj fd;k tk,xk rkfd lalkèkuksa dh zzlkoZtfud Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe (UIP) jksdh tk ldus okyh çk.k?kkrd fLFkfr;ksa ls cPpksa dh lqj{kk ds fy;s çeq• mik;ksa miyCèkrk ds vkèkkj ij ,iQ,eMh Úh tksu ds visf{kr ifj.kke esa ls ,d gSA ;g fo'o esa lcls cM+k Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe vkSj gkfly djus ds fy;s HkkSxksfyd n`f"V ls fudVorhZ bykdksa dks ns'k esa ,d çeq• lkoZtfud LokLF; gLr{ksi gSA çkIr fd;k tk ldsA zzHkkjr esa Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe 1978 esa foLrkfjr çfrj{k.k dk;ZØe zz16 jkT; vkSj ,d dsaæ'kkflr çns'k dks vHkh xgu FMD (EPI) ds :i esa 'kq: fd;k x;k FkkA bl dk;ZØe us 1985 Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe ds rgr doj fd;k tkuk 'ks"k gSA jk"Vªh; esa xfr idM+h vkSj bls lkoZtfud Vhdkdj.k dk;ZØe (UIP) Ñf"k fodkl ;kstuk (RKVY) ds rgr bu jkT;ksa esa FMD ds :i esa foLrkfjr fd;k x;kA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA Vhds yxkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 26 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzlaØfer i'kqvksa ds laidZ ds ekè;e ls euq"; iSj vkSj eq¡g jksx 84. (c) O;k[;k% ls laØfer gks ldrs gSa] ysfdu ;g vR;ar nqyZHk gSA FMD dk zzthjks fMiQsDV thjks biQsDV (ZED) ;kstuk dk mís'; gS% dkj.k cuus okyk ok;jl isV ds ,flM ds çfr laosnu'khy 1. MSMEs esa 'kwU; nks"k fofuekZ.k ds fy;s ,d ikfjfLFkfrd gksrk gSA bl çdkj] ek¡l dks eq• ds jkLrs fuxyus ds vykok ra=k fodflr djukA ;g laØfer ek¡l ds miHkksx ds ekè;e ls euq";ksa rd ugha 2. xq.koÙkk ;qDr midj.kksa@ç.kkfy;ksa vkSj ÅtkZ dq'ky fofuekZ.k iQSy ldrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ds vuqdwyu dks c<+kok nsukA 82. (b) O;k[;k% 3. xq.koÙkk ;qDr mRiknksa ds fuekZ.k ds fy;s MSMEs dks zz'kgjh fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: dh xbZ ^vlyh rjDdh*] LoPN l{ke cukukA (b) Hkkjr fe'ku ds fy;s ,d u;k vfHk;ku gSA vr% lgh 4. MSMEs dks mRiknksa vkSj çfØ;kvksa esa xq.koÙkk ekudksa fodYi gSA dks vixzsM djus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr djukA zz (NCR) bldk mís'; jk"Vªh; jktèkkuh {ks=k ds Ng 'kgjksa dks 5. 'kwU; nks"k mRiknu çfØ;kvksa dks viukuk vkSj i;kZoj.k LoPN djuk gSA ;fn ;g liQy jgrk gS rks vU; jkT;ksa esa bls dks çHkkfor fd;s fcuk fofuekZ.k djukA nksgjk;k tk,xkA 6. ¶esd bu bafM;k¸ vfHk;ku dks leFkZuA zzLoPN Hkkjr fe'ku ds ckjs esa tkx:drk iQSykus ds fy;s ^lapkj 7. ZED fuekZ.k vkSj çek.khdj.k ds {ks=k esa is'ksojksa dk dkS'ky vkSj usr`Ro xq.kksa* okys 450 ;qok iq#"kksa vkSj efgykvksa fodkl djukA dks ^çeq• çsjd* ds :i esa pquk x;k gSA zzçR;sd m|ksx {ks=k tSls& •k| çlaLdj.k] oL=k] peM+s vkfn ds zz450 ;qok yksxksa dks ^LoPN Hkkjr* ds rgr LoPN Hkkjr 'kiFk fy;s {ks=k fof'k"V ewY;kadu ekunaM gksaxsA ysus ds fy;s çksRlkfgr djus vkSj ljdkj ds ckjs esa yf{kr zz (QCI) ZED ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dks lwfpr djus ds fy;s ¶vlyh rjDdh¸ dk lans'k Hkkjr dh xq.koÙkk ifj"kn dks ds dk;kZUo;u ds (NMIU) iQSykus ds fy;s O;fDrxr] leqnk; vkSj lkoZtfud 'kkSpky;ksa fy;s jk"Vªh; fuxjkuh vkSj fØ;kUo;u bdkbZ ds :i ds fuekZ.k gsrq yxk;k x;k gS (;g lq>ko nsuk fd 'kkSpky; esa fu;qDr fd;k x;k gSA dk ç;ksx djuk çkFkfedrk gksuk pkfg;s)A vr% nksuksa dFku 1 vkSj 2 lgh gSaA 83. (a) O;k[;k% 85. (b) O;k[;k% zzegÙokdka{kh ^mtkZ xaxk* xSl ikbiykbu ifj;kstuk dk y{; zzfgeky; {ks=k esa èkzqoh; dSi ds ckgj Xysf'k;j dk lcls cM+k okjk.klh ds fuokfl;ksa ds fy;s ikbi ;qDr jlksbZ xSl çnku djuk dsaæ gksrk gS] D;ksafd bl {ks=k dks ^,f'k;k dk ty VkWoj* dgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA tkrk gS] 10 çeq• unh ç.kkfy;ksa dk lzksr gS tks 700 fefy;u zzbldk mís'; ns'k ds iwohZ {ks=k ds fuokfl;ksa vkSj okguksa ds ls vfèkd yksxksa ds fy;s flapkbZ] fctyh vkSj is;ty çnku fy;s laihfMr çkÑfrd xSl (CNG) ds fy;s ikbfiax jlksbZ xSl djrk gS ftlesa Hkkjr] ikfdLrku vkSj ckaXykns'k dh fo'o dh (PNG) çnku djuk gSA yxHkx 10» tula[;k fuokl djrh gSA zzmQtkZ xaxk lkr 'kgjksa okjk.klh] Hkqous'oj] dVd] dksydkrk] zzbu Xysf'k;jksa ds O;ogkj] ekuo tkfr rFkk Ñf"k ds fy;s ty iVuk] jkaph vkSj te'ksniqj esa 'kgj ds xSl forj.k (CGD) ds dh fVdkÅ vkiwfrZ esa buds ;ksxnku dks le>uk Hkkjrh; oSKkfud fy;s cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 27 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz;g Lihfr] fgekpy çns'k ds ,d nwjLFk {ks=k esa 13]500 iQhV ds ekfyd dks bu midj.kksa dh •jhn ds fy;s u rks fdlh (> 4000 ehVj) ls Åij fLFkr gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh ugha gSA vfxze iwath ykxr fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj u gh iquHkZqxrku 86. (c) O;k[;k% ds fy;s vfrfjDr O;d fuèkkZfjr fd;k tkuk gS] D;ksfd bZbZ,l,y zz^iafMr nhun;ky mikè;k; foKku xzke ladqy ifj;kstuk* mÙkjk•aM dks iquHkZqxrku ml cpr ls fd;k tk,xk] ftUgsa mPp l{ke esa DyLVj mikxe ds ekè;e ls lrr~ fodkl ds fy;s mi;qDr midj.kksa rFkk ykxr esa cpr ds ifj.kke Lo;:i çkIr fd;k foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ds gLr{ksiksa dks rS;kj djus vkSj dk;kZfUor tk,xkA lewg esa ekax vkSj Fkksd esa •jhnkjh ls iwath ykxr esa djus dk ç;kl djsxhA deh vk,xh] ftldk ykHk ikojywe bdkb;ksa ds lqiqnZ dj fn;k tk,xk] ftlls muds iquHkZqxrku dh jkf'k ,oa vofèk esa deh vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA vk,xhA zzfoKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh foHkkx mÙkjk•aM ds xk¡oksa ds dqN lewgksa dk pquko djsxk vkSj mUgsa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh ds lkèkuksa ds vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA ekè;e ls ,d le;c¼ rjhds ls vkRefuHkZj cuk,xkA bl 88. (d) O;k[;k% mikxe esa egÙoiw.kZ miyfCèk ;g gS fd LFkkuh; lalkèkuksa vkSj zzHkkjr D;wvkj dksM ,d baVjvkWijscy Hkqxrku LohÑfr lekèkku LFkkuh; :i ls miyCèk dkS'ky lewgksa dk mi;ksx djuk vkSj gS tks O;kid LohÑfr ds fy;s ohtk] ekLVjdkMZ] ,esDl] #is mUgsa foKku vkSj çkS|ksfxdh dk mi;ksx djds ,d rjg ls dkMZ vkSj Hkhe& ;wihvkbZ (BHIM-UPI) dk leFkZu djrk gSA ifjofrZr djuk gS] tks fd muds LFkkuh; mRikn vkSj lsokvksa iwjs ns'k esa fMftVy Hkqxrku Lohdkj djus ds cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 28 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 89. (b) O;k[;k zz,ulh,p us'kuy Vksy Úh uacj & 1800&11&4000 çnku zzrjax lapkj eksckby Vkoj vkSj fo|qr pqEcdh; vko`fÙk (bZ,e,iQ) djrk gSA mRltZu vuqikyu ij tkudkjh lk>k djus ds fy;s ,d osc zz,d miHkksDrk vius ç'uksa vkSj f'kdk;rksa ds fy;s lwpuk] lykg iksVZy gSA ;k ekxZn'kZu çkIr djus ds fy;s dg ldrk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA zz;g miHkksDrkvksa dks nks"kiw.kZ mRiknksa] lsokvksa esa deh vkSj vuqfpr zz bls m|ksx ds lkFk nwjlapkj foHkkx (lapkj ea=kky;) }kjk O;kikj O;ogkj ls lacafèkr leL;kvksa ls fuiVus dh lykg nsrk lkoZtfud futh Hkkxhnkjh (ihihih) ç.kkyh ds rgr fodflr gSA gsYiykbu rhu&Lrjh; n`f"Vdks.k dk vuqlj.k djrh gSA fd;k x;k gSA 1- lcls igys miHkksDrk dks fdlh fo'ks"k miHkksDrk leL;k vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA esa vius vfèkdkjksa ds ckjs esa lwfpr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj zziksVZy ds ekè;e ls yksx fuEufyf•r lsokvksa rd igq¡p ldrs gSa% mUgsa lacafèkr daiuh ;k laxBu esa laidZ djuk gksrk gSA zzfdlh Hkh bykds ds vklikl ds eksckby Vkojksa dk irk yxkuk& 2- ;fn leL;k vulqy>h jgrh gS rks mls m|ksx Lrj dh ,d lkoZtfud baVjiQsl tgk¡ fdlh Hkh bykds ds vkl&ikl laLFkkvksa ;k okf.kT; eaMy] m|ksx fu;kedksa (tSls fd eksckby Vkoj dk irk yxkus ds fy;s ekufp=k&vkèkkfjr ,d chek vkSj cSafdax tSls {ks=kksa esa ekStwn) ;k ljdkj ds lkFk vklku •kst lqfoèkk çnku dh xbZ gSA ekeys dks mBkus ds fy;s funZsf'kr fd;k tk,xkA zzviuh orZeku fLFkfr ds vkèkkj ij eksckby Vkojksa dks mudh 3- vafre mik; ds :i esa] miHkksDrkvksa dks miHkksDrk laj{k.k bZ,e,iQ lqj{kk fLFkfr ds lkFk •kstuk & mu mi;ksxdrkZvksa ds vfèkfu;e ds rgr vius ekeys miHkksDrk vnkyrksa esa fy;s tks thih,l l{ke ihlh@VScysV@eksckbyksa ds ekè;e ls bldk bLrseky djrs gSaA ykus dh lykg nh tk,xhA ;g gsYiykbu miHkksDrk fooknksa ds U;k;ky; ls fuiVus ds voljksa dks c<+kok nsus ds zzyksxksa }kjk bZ,e,iQ ekiu dk vuqjksèk & dksbZ Hkh O;fDr fdlh fy;s fMtkbu dh xbZ gS vkSj urhtru miHkksDrk vnkyrksa LFkku ij bZ,e,iQ mRltZu dh eki ds fy;s vkWuykbu 4000@ ij cks> dks de djus esa enn djrk gSA & #i, ds ekewyh 'kqYd dk Hkqxrku djds vuqjksèk dj ldrk gSA ;g ijh{k.k nwjlapkj foHkkx ds LFkkuh; nwjlapkj çorZu vkSj vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA lalkèku fuxjkuh d{k (VhbZvkj,e) dh {ks=k bdkbZ }kjk vk;ksftr zzmiHkksDrk vkWuykbu iQkmaMs'ku (COOF) chtksu feJk }kjk LFkkfir fd;k tk,xk vkSj vuqjksèkdrkZ dks ijh{k.k fjiksVZ çnku dh ,d xSj&ljdkjh laxBu gS] tks Hkkjrh; miHkksDrkvksa ds tk,xhA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA l'kDrhdj.k ds fy;s 30 ls vfèkd o"kks± ls lfØ; :i ls zzbZ,e,iQ ij lh•us ds lalkèku & bZ,e,iQ vkSj nwjlapkj lsok vkanksyu dj jgk gSA ykWfcax ds dqN çkjafHkd o"kks± ds ckn] ds dojst ds ckjs esa ukxfjdksa dks f'kf{kr djus ds fy;s iksVZy 1986 esa] Hkkjrh; laln us miHkksDrk laj{k.k vfèkfu;e dks esa ^bZ,e,iQ voyksdu* vkSj ^yfu±x* vuqHkkx Hkh gSa] tks dbZ viuk;k vkSj Hkkjrh; miHkksDrk ds fy;s ,d dkuwuh psgjk çnku ys•] iqfLrdk,¡ vkSj ohfM;ks miyCèk djkrs gSaA fd;kA ;g daT;wej dksvkWfMZus'ku dkmafly ds rgr Fkk] ftldk zzbl iksVZy esa lHkh rduhdksa (2th] 3th] 4th vkfn) vkSj vFkZ Fkk& tkxks xzkgd tkxks ftls Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk fufeZr nwjlapkj lsok çnkrkvksa (Vh,lih) ds ns'k Hkj esa iQSys 14-5 fd;k x;k vkSj dk;kZfUor fd;k x;kA yk• ls vfèkd csl LVs'kuksa (chVh,l) dk rduhdh fooj.k gSA blesa 24 × 7 Vksy Úh gsYiykbu uacj] 1800&11&4424 gSA 90. (b) O;k[;k% vr% dFku 2 lgh ugha gSA zz jk"Vªh; miHkksDrk gsYiykbu (NCH) dsaæh; miHkksDrk ekeyksa ds INGRAM (consumerhelpline-gov-in) ea=kky; dh ,d ifj;kstuk gS vkSj gky gh esa fnYyh zzbl osclkbV dks miHkksDrk ekeyksa ds foHkkx }kjk miHkksDrk fo'ofo|ky; ls Hkkjrh; yksd ç'kklu laLFkku esa LFkkukarfjr f'kdk;rksa ds çfr tkx:d djus] lykg vkSj fuokj.k rFkk dj nh xbZ gSA ;g çkstsDV miHkksDrkvksa dks O;kikj vkSj lsok miHkksDrk f'kdk;rksa ds lekèkku ds fy;s dsaæh; jftLVªh ds :i çnkrkvksa ds lkFk vius fnu&çfrfnu ds ysu&nsu esa gksus okyh esa dk;Z djus ds fy;s ykWUp fd;k x;k gSA dbZ leL;kvksa ls fuiVus ds fy;s ,d VsyhiQksu gsYiykbu çnku djrh gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 29 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 91. (a) O;k[;k% zzURL tkudkjh ds lkFk bl URL dks ,Dlsl djus dh leku zzm|ksx vkèkkj Kkiu (UAM) Hkkjr esa lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e tkudkjh bZ rky (eTall) ,Mfeu ds lkFk lk>k djuk m|eksa ds fy;s O;kikj dks lqxe cukus dh fn'kk esa Økafrdkjh ”k:jh gSA dne gS] D;ksafd UAM us lacafèkr jkT;ksa@dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa 93. (b) O;k[;k% ds lkFk m|fe;ksa ds Kkiu (EM Hkkx&I vkSj II) nkf•y zzns'kHkj esa 8&12 o"kZ ds vk;q oxZ esa ,slh •sy çfrHkkvksa dh djus dk LFkku fy;k gSA EM nkf•y djus dh cksf>y çfØ;k ds ctk; lw{e] y?kq vkSj eè;e m|e pykus okyksa igpku vkSj fpfUgr çfrHkk'kkyh f•ykfM+;ksa dks çksRlkgu nsus (NSTSS) dks vc dsoy ,d ist dk ljy UAM vkWuykbu Hkjus ds fy;s jk"Vªh; •sy çfrHkk •kst ;kstuk ;qok ds ckn rqjar gh fof'k"V m|ksx vkèkkj la[;k (UAN) fey ekeyksa vkSj •sy ea=kky; }kjk rS;kj dh xbZ gS] ftuesa 'kjhj tk,xhA UAM dh vkWuykbu iQkbfyax ds le; ekaxh xbZ ds uki ls lacafèkr (Anthropometric)] 'kkjhfjd ,oa tkudkjh Lo&çek.ku ij vkèkkfjr vkSj blds fy;s fdlh fiQft;ksykWftdy {kerkvksa tSls tUetkr xq.k varfuZfgr gksa çdkj dk dksbZ nLrkos”k nsuk vko';d ugha gSA vr% (a) lgh vkSj fdlh rjg dh 'kkjhfjd v'kDrrk u gksA vr% dFku fodYi gSA 1 lgh ugha gSA m|ksx vkèkkj Kkiu (UAM) dh çeq• fo'ks"krk,¡% zzf”kyk Lrj ds •sy fo|ky;ksa@dsaæh; •sy fo|ky;ksa@jk"Vªh; zz,d ist dk eksckby ÚsaMyh vkWuykbu iathdj.k •sy vdknfe;ksa vkfn esa laHkkfor •sy çfrHkkvksa dks çksRlkgu zzLoçek.ku nsuk rkfd os jk"Vªh; ,oa varjkZ"Vªh; •sy Li¼kZvksa esa mRÑ"V zz,d ls vfèkd m|ksx vkèkkj iQkby fd;s tk ldrs gSa çn'kZu dj ldsaA blls ns'k esa f•ykfM+;ksa dk vkèkkj O;kid zzdksbZ nLrkos”k ”k:jh ugha cukus esa enn feysxhA zzm|ksx vkèkkj fu%'kqYd gS zzbl ;kstuk ds rgr ;qok ekeyksa vkSj dks •sy ea=kky; us 92. (c) O;k[;k% ns'k dh ;qok vkcknh esa csgrjhu çfrHkkvksa •kstus ds fy;s zzbysDVªkWfuDl vkSj lwpuk çkS|ksfxdh foHkkx (lapkj ,oa lwpuk jk"Vªh; •sy çfrHkk •kst iksVZy 'kq: fd;k gSA vr% dFku çkS|ksfxdh ea=kky;) }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k bZ rky (eTall) 2 lgh gSA dsaæh; vkSj jkT; Lrjh; Lrj bZ&'kklu ifj;kstukvksa ds zzbl ;kstuk esa 2015&16 ls 2019&20 rd ikap o"kks± dh bZ&ysunsu vk¡dM+ksa ds çlkj ds fy;s ,d fj;y Vkbe ds vofèk ds fy;s ns'kHkj esa fofHkUu jkT;ksa@dsaæ'kkflr çns'kksa vkèkkj ij osc vkèkkfjr vuqç;ksxksa ls ysu&nsu ds vk¡dM+s (xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh nksuksa) esa lHkh Ldwyksa dks 'kkfey djus çkIr gksrs gSaA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gSA vr% dFku 3 lgh gSA zz osc lsok rduhd dk mi;ksx dj bZ rky (eTall) Lopkfyr 94. (a) O;k[;k% :i ls vius lkFk ,dhÑr vuqç;ksxksa ls bZ& ysunsu çkIr zzekuo lalkèku fodkl ea=kky; }kjk 'kq: fd;k x;k ^Lo;a djrk gSA bldk MS'kcksMZ ls rkfydkvksa ds vykok xzkfiQd çHkk (SWAYAM Prabha)* thlSV&15 mixzg dk mi;ksx :i esa fofHkUu vuqç;ksxksa ds ysunsu MsVk ds Rofjr fo'ys"k.k djds pkSchlksa ?kaVs mPp xq.koÙkk okys 'kSf{kd dk;ZØeksa ds dh lqfoèkk feyrh gSA blls mi;ksxdrkZ dks lsok ekaxus okys çlkj.k ds fy;s lefiZr 32 MhVh,p pSuyksa dk ,d lewg dh xksiuh;rk ;k ,Iyhds'ku lkWÝVos;j dh lqj{kk vkSj v•aMrk ds lkFk le>kSrk fd;s fcuk foLrkj ds lcls fuEu gSA ;g lwpuk vkSj lapkj çkS|ksfxdh ds ekè;e ls jk"Vªh; Lrj rd igq¡pus esa vklkuh jgrh gSA fe'ku ij f'k{kk ds rgr dh xbZ fofHkUu fMftVy igyksa esa (a) zzbZ rky (eTall) Unstructured Supplementary Service ls ,d gSA vr% lgh fodYi gSA Data (USSD) dksMksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, eksckby iQksu zzçfrfnu de&ls&de 4 ?kaVs dk u;k daVsaV gksxk] tks ,d ds ekè;e ls bZ&ysu&nsu dh fj;y Vkbe x.kuk djus dh fnu esa 5 ckj nksgjk;k tk,xk] blls fo|kFkhZ viuh lqfoèkkuqlkj lqfoèkk çnku djrk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA le; pqu ldrs gSaA zzysu&nsu MsVk miyCèk djkus ds fy;s loZj ij ,d ^osc zz;s pSuy HkkLdjpk;Z baLVhVÔwV iQkWj Lisl ,Iyhds'ku vkSj lsok* dh vko';drk gksrh gSA ft;ks&buiQkWjeSfVDl (BISAG)] xkaèkhuxj ls vifyad gq, gSaA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 30 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation ;s MhVh,p pSuy fuEufyf•r dks doj djsaxs% zzfMLdke@fo|qr foHkkx ds rRdkyhu 'kqYdksa ds vuqlkj fctyh (d) mPp f'k{kk% dyk] foKku] okf.kT;] yfyr dyk] miHkksx dh ykxr lacafèkr miHkksDrkvksa }kjk vnk dh tkuh lkekftd foKku vkSj ekufodh] bathfu;fjax] çkS|ksfxdh] pkfg;sA vr% dFku 3 lgh ugha gSA dkuwu] fpfdRlk] Ñf"k vkfn tSls fofoèk fo"k;ksa dks doj 96. (c) O;k[;k% djus ds ckn LukrdksÙkj vkSj vaMj&xzstq,V Lrj ij zzckxokuh iQlyksa dh çÑfr ,slh gksrh gS fd muds mRiknu ikBÔØe&vkèkkfjr ikBÔ lkexzhA dk vuqeku yxkuk ljy ugha gSA ;s iQlysa] fo'ks"kdj NksVs (•) Ldwyh f'k{kk (9oha ls 12oha)% f'k{kdksa ds çf'k{k.k ds Hkw•aMksa] •srksa ;k ?kjksa ds ihNs mxkbZ tkus okyh lfCt;ksa dh fy;s ekWMÔwy ds lkFk Hkkjr ds cPpksa gsrq fo"k;ksa dks iQly vfèkdka'k ekeyksa esa ,d tSlh ugha gksrh vkSj bl csgrj le>us esa enn djus vkSj Vhfpax ,aM yfuZax ,M~l otg ls mudk vuqeku yxkuk dfBu gks tkrk gSA dbZ (Teaching and Learning Aids) }kjk is'ksoj fMxzh çksxzkeksa ckxokuh iQlysa ,d l=k esa dbZ ckj mxkbZ tkrh gSaA blh esa ços'k ds fy;s çfrLi¼hZ ijh{kkvksa ds fy;s rS;kj djus çdkj dbZ iQyksa ds isM+ fNrjs gq, gksrs gSa] ftudh x.kuk esa Hkh mudh enn djrk gSA vuqeku yxkus esa ugha dh tkrhA (x) ikBÔØe&vkèkkfjr dkslZ tks Hkkjr vkSj fons'kksa esa zzbu dfBukb;ksa ds eísutj Ñf"k vkSj fdlku dY;k.k ea=kky; vkthou lh•us ds bPNqd Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dh ”k:jrksa ds rgr Ñf"k lg;ksx vkSj fdlku dY;k.k foHkkx us çkstsDV dks iwjk dj ldrs gSaA peu (CHAMAN-Coordinated Horticulture Assessment (?k) fo|kFkhZ dh lgk;rk (d{kk 11 vkSj 12) çfr;ksxh and Management using geo-informatics) dh 'kq#vkr ijh{kkvksa ds fy;s rS;kj djukA dh gSA 95. (a) O;k[;k% zzbl çkstsDV ds rgr ckxokuh iQlyksa dk vuqeku yxkus ds zzns'k esa lHkh ?kjksa dk fo|qrhdj.k lqfuf'pr djus ds fy;s fy;s uewuk loZs{k.k i¼fr vkSj nwj laosnu rduhd dk mi;ksx fo|qr ea=kky; us ^çèkkuea=kh lgt fctyh gj ?kj dj ,d lqn`<+ i¼fr fodflr dj ik;yV vkèkkj ij pykbZ ;kstuk*&^lkSHkkX;* 'kq: dh gSA tk jgh gS& zz^lkSHkkX;* dk mís'; ns'k esa lkoZHkkSfed ?kjsyw fo|qrhdj.k (i) Hkkjrh; Ñf"k lkaf[;dh vuqlaèkku laLFkku (IASRI) us çkIr djus ds fy;s vafre fcanq dusfDVfoVh }kjk lHkh rd çeq• ckxokuh ds lacaèk esa {ks=k vkSj mRiknu dk vuqeku ÅtkZ igqap çnku djuk rFkk xzkeh.k vkSj 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa cps yxkus ds fy;s ,d uewuk loZs{k.k i¼fr fodflr dh gSA gq, lHkh xSj&fo|qrhÑr ifjokjksa rd fctyh dusD'ku (ii) nwj laosnu ds ekè;e ls lkr çeq• ckxokuh iQlyksa ds igqapkuk gSA {ks=k vkSj mRiknu dk vuqeku yxkus ds fy;s ,d vU; zzxzkeh.k fo|qrhdj.k fuxe fyfeVsM (REC) ns'kHkj esa bl ifj;kstuk egkyuksfcl us'kuy ØkWi iQksjdkLV lsaVj ;kstuk ds lapkyu ds fy;s uksMy ,tsalh gSA vr% dFku 1 (MNCFC) }kjk pykbZ tk jgh gSA iQlyksa dk vuqeku lgh gSA yxkus ds vykok MNCFC dbZ fodkl vè;;u rFkk zzfu%'kqYd fctyh dusD'ku ds ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku lkekftd lVhd •srh ds fy;s dqN 'kksèk vè;;u Hkh pykrk gS vkfFkZd vkSj tkfr tux.kuk (SECC) 2011 ds vkadM+ksa ds vkSj NksVs Hkw•aMksa ij yh tkus okyh lfCt;ksa tSlh ckxokuh ”kfj;s dh tk,xhA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA iQlyksa ds fy;s signatures dk fodkl Hkh djrk gSA zzSECC vk¡dM+ksa ds rgr doj u gksus okys xSj&fo|qrhÑr vr% (c) lgh fodYi gSA ifjokjksa dks Hkh bl ;kstuk ds rgr 500 #i, ds Hkqxrku zznwj laosnh rduhd dk mi;ksx dj e`nk dh fLFkfr] Hkwfe ij fctyh dusD'ku çnku fd;k tk,xk] tks fctyh ds fcy mi;ksx] ekSle vkSj iQly iSVuZ dk vè;;u djus ds fy;s ds ”kfj;s 10 fd'rksa esa fctyh forj.k daifu;ksa (fMLdkWe) dsaæ us ns'kHkj ls 185 f”kyksa dks pquk gS tgk¡ lkr pqfuank dks pqdk;k tk,xkA iQlyksa dks mUur fd;k tk jgk gSA dsys] vke] •êðs iQy] zzbl ;kstuk esa fdlh Hkh Js.kh ds miHkksDrkvksa dks eqÝr vkyw] VekVj] I;kt vkSj fepZ mxkus ds fy;s fofHkUu jkT;ksa fctyh çnku djus dk dksbZ çkoèkku ugha gSA dks vyx&vyx lewgksa esa ck¡Vk x;k gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 31 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz^peu* ds rgr rfeyukMq] vkaèkz çns'k] dukZVd] xqtjkr 5 yk• xzkeh.k jktfefL=k;ksa dks dk;Zdq'ky cukuk gS vkSj vkSj egkjk"Vª dh igpku çeq• dsyk mRiknd jkT;ksa ds :i iwjs ns'k esa vkokl VkbiksxzkiQh] i;kZoj.kh; tksf•eksa vkSj ?kjksa esa dh xbZ gSA vkaèkz] fcgkj] mÙkj çns'k] dukZVd vkSj rsyaxkuk dh vko';drkvksa ds foLr`r vè;;u ds vkèkkj ij 200 esa vke dh •srh dks c<+kok fn;k tk jgk gS rFkk egkjk"Vª] ls vfèkd fofHkUu vkokl fM”kkbu rS;kj djuk gSA xqtjkr] dukZVd vkSj eè; çns'k esa I;kt ij è;ku fn;k tk 98. (c) O;k[;k% jgk gSA zzrs”kh ls c<+rh Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk vkSj c<+rs eè;e oxZ 97. (c) O;k[;k% us bls nqfu;k dk lcls rs”kh ls c<+us okyk gokbZ ;k=kk ck”kkj zzxzkeh.k fodkl ea=kky; ds rgr çèkkuea=kh vkokl cukus esa enn dh gSA Hkkjr fo'o esa ukSok¡ lcls cM+k ukxfjd ;kstuk&xzkeh.k (PMAY-G) dk y{; 2022 rd dPps vkSj mîó;u ck”kkj gSA ukxfjd mîó;u ea=kky; ds rgr jk"Vªh; th.kZ&'kh.kZ ?kjksa esa jgus okys rFkk lHkh cs?kj ifjokjksa dks ukxj foekuu uhfr dk mís'; 2022 rd Hkkjr dks rhljk ewyHkwr lqfoèkkvksa lfgr iDds ?kj miyCèk djkuk gSA lcls cM+k ck”kkj cukuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA rkRdkfyd mís'; 2016&17 ls 2018&19 rd ds rhu o"kks± jk"Vªh; ukxj foekuu uhfr ds mís';% esa dPps vkSj th.kZ&'kh.kZ ?kjksa esa jgus okys 1 djksM+ ifjokjksa zz,d ,sls ,dhÑr ikfjfLFkfrdh ra=k dh LFkkiuk djuk] tks dks doj djuk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA ukxfjd mîó;u {ks=k ds egÙoiw.kZ fodkl esa lgk;d gksxk] zz çfr bdkbZ lgk;rk jkf'k eSnkuh {ks=kksa esa 70 g”kkj ls c<+kdj tks i;ZVu dks c<+kok nsxk] jks”kxkj esa o`f¼ djsxk vkSj larqfyr 1 yk• 20 g”kkj vkSj ioZrh; jkT;ksa] nqxZe {ks=kksa vkSj ,dhÑr {ks=kh; fodkl dks c<+kok nsxkA dk;Z ;kstuk (IAP) f”kyksa esa 75 g”kkj ls c<+kdj 1 yk• zzçkS|ksfxdh vkSj çHkkoh fuxjkuh ds ekè;e ls foekuu {ks=k 30 g”kkj dj nh xbZ gSA bu ?kjksa ij vkus okyh çfr bdkbZ dh lqj{kk vkSj fLFkjrk lqfuf'pr djukA ykxr dsaæ ljdkj vkSj jkT; ljdkj ds chp eSnkuh {ks=kksa zz ds fy;s 60%40 vkSj iwokZsÙkj rFkk fgeky;h jkT;ksa ds fy;s foÙkh; lgk;rk vkSj cqfu;knh 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 32 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz^vkWijs'ku eqLdku&II* ds fy;s f”kyk cky laj{k.k dk;kZy;] gS] tgk¡ laLFkkxr çlo dh nj de gSA buesa mÙkj çns'k] lkekftd dY;k.k foHkkx] iqfyl foHkkx] fnO;kax dY;k.k mÙkjk•aM] fcgkj] >kj•aM] eè; çns'k] NÙkhlx<+] vle] dk;kZy;] Je foHkkx] pkbYMykbu 1098 vkSj xSj&ljdkjh jktLFkku] vksfM'kk rFkk tEew&d'ehj 'kkfey gSaA laxBuksa ds vfèkdkfj;ksa dk ,d fo'ks"k ny xfBr fd;k x;k zzbl ;kstuk ds rgr bu jkT;ksa dks fuEu Lrjh; çn'kZu djus FkkA okys jkT; (LPS) ekuk x;k gS] tcfd vU; lHkh jkT;ksa dks zzjsyos lqj{kk cy }kjk jsyos ifjljksa vkSj Vªsuksa esa ekuo rLdjh csgrj çn'kZu djus okys jkT; (HPS) ekuk x;k gSA ds f'kdkj 18 cPpksa lfgr dqy 1261 cPpksa dks cpk;k yf{kr lewg% x;kA zz19 o"kZ ;k blls vfèkd dh vk;q okyh xjhch js•k (BPL) zzbl vfHk;ku ds nkSjku lacafèkr jkT; dh iqfyl }kjk efgyk ls uhps jgus okys ifjokjksa dh ,slh lHkh xHkZorh efgyk,¡] ,oa cky fodkl ea=kky; ds ^feflax pkbYM* iksVZy ij ,sls ftudh nks thfor larku gSaA cPpksa ds fooj.k viyksM fd;s x, FksA uksV% bl ;kstuk ds ykHk rhljs thfor çlo ds ckotwn fuEu zz tgk¡ dgha vko';d gqvk ogk¡ efgyk ,oa cky fodkl Lrjh; çn'kZu djus okys 10 jkT;ksa rFkk vle vkSj tEew&d'ehj foHkkx] iqfyl] Je foHkkx vkfn ds lkFk leUo; LFkkfir jkT;ksa ds chih,y ifjokjksa dh mu lHkh efgykvksa rd igq¡pk, dj iquokZl mik; fd;s x,] rkfd muds iqu% mRihM+u dh tk,axs] ;fn ek¡ viuh ethZ ls çlo ds rqjar ckn ml LokLF; laHkkouk u jgsA bl ckr ij Hkh ”kksj fn;k x;k fd jk"Vªh; dsaæ esa caè;kdj.k (ulcanh) djkrh gS] tgk¡ çlo gqvk FkkA vfHk;ku] jk"Vªh; ehfM;k ij foKkiu vkfn nsdj lkoZtfud zzJSY ds rgr ik=k xHkZorh efgyk,¡ udn lgk;rk ikus dh tkx:drk c<+k;k tkuk pkfg;sA gdnkj gSaA ;g ”kehuh Lrj ij dke djus okys LokLF; 100. (c) O;k[;k% dfeZ;ksa }kjk lefUor ns•Hkky dh O;oLFkk ds ekè;e ls zzLokLF; vkSj ifjokj dY;k.k ea=kky; dh tuuh lqj{kk ;kstuk xHkkZoLFkk dh vofèk ds nkSjku çlo&iwoZ ns•Hkky] çlo ds (JSY) ,d 'kr&çfr'kr dsaæ çk;ksftr ;kstuk gS] ftls xHkZorh nkSjku laLFkkxr ns•Hkky vkSj LokLF; dsaæ esa rRdky çloksÙkj efgykvksa ds chp laLFkkxr çlo dks c<+kok nsdj ekr` ,oa vofèk ns•Hkky Hkh çnku djsxkA f'k'kq e`R;q nj de djus ds mís'; ls dk;kZfUor fd;k tk zzxHkZorh efgykvksa ds chp laLFkkxr çlo dks c<+kok nsus ds jgk gSA vr% dFku 1 lgh gSA fy;s vk'kk (ekU;rk çkIr lkekftd LokLF; zz;g jk"Vªh; xzkeh.k LokLF; fe'ku (NHM) ds rgr ,d dk;ZdrkZ&Accredited Social Health Activist-ASHA) ds ;kstuk gSA vr% dFku 2 lgh gSA uke ls igpkuh tkus okyh efgyk LokLF; dk;ZdÙkkZvksa ds zz;g ;kstuk mu jkT;ksa dh fuèkZu xHkZorh efgykvksa ij dsafær fy;s ;g ;kstuk çn'kZu vkèkkfjr çksRlkgu çnku djrh gSA 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 33 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation CIVIL SERVICES (PRELIMINARY) TEST SERIES – 2018 TEST BOOKLET SERIES Test Code: ANSWER & EXPLANATION P1-1809 GENERAL STUDIES English version TEST – 9 A ANSWERS Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers Q. No. Answers 1 (c) 26 (c) 51 (c) 76 (b) 2 (a) 27 (c) 52 (c) 77 (a) 3 (b) 28 (d) 53 (d) 78 (c) 4 (d) 29 (b) 54 (c) 79 (b) 5 (d) 30 (c) 55 (c) 80 (d) 6 (b) 31 (c) 56 (c) 81 (a) 7 (c) 32 (b) 57 (a) 82 (b) 8 (c) 33 (a) 58 (a) 83 (a) 9 (b) 34 (a) 59 (b) 84 (c) 10 (b) 35 (c) 60 (b) 85 (b) 11 (a) 36 (a) 61 (c) 86 (c) 12 (d) 37 (c) 62 (b) 87 (b) 13 (c) 38 (b) 63 (b) 88 (d) 14 (b) 39 (b) 64 (d) 89 (b) 15 (b) 40 (c) 65 (d) 90 (b) 16 (b) 41 (d) 66 (b) 91 (a) 17 (a) 42 (b) 67 (c) 92 (c) 18 (a) 43 (b) 68 (a) 93 (b) 19 (b) 44 (c) 69 (a) 94 (a) 20 (b) 45 (b) 70 (c) 95 (a) 21 (d) 46 (b) 71 (d) 96 (c) 22 (c) 47 (b) 72 (a) 97 (c) 23 (a) 48 (a) 73 (b) 98 (c) 24 (d) 49 (c) 74 (d) 99 (a) 25 (b) 50 (b) 75 (a) 100 (c) 1. (c) Exp.: zzThe SHG member shall run the vehicle on approved routes zzArticle 35A of the Constitution empowers the Jammu and at pre-determined frequency as jointly agreed between Kashmir assembly to define permanent residents of the the CBO and the SHG operator based on financial viability state and their special rights and privileges without and the need for transport link. attracting a challenge on grounds of violating the Right zzAll vehicles under the scheme shall have a defined colour to Equality of people from other States or any other right code and carry AGEY branding to ensure their identity under the Constitution. and avoid diversion to other routes. zzIt was incorporated into the Constitution in 1954 by a Presidential order issued under Article 370 (1) (d) of the 3. (b) Exp.: Constitution. Hence, (c) is the correct answer. zze-Shakti is a pilot project of National Bank for Agriculture zzThe J&K Constitution, which was adopted on November and Rural Development (NABARD) for digitisation of 17, 1956, defined a “permanent resident” as a person who Self Help Groups (SHGs). It was initiated to address was a state subject on May 14, 1954, or who has been a certain concerns like improving the quality of book resident of the state for 10 years, and has “lawfully keeping of SHGs and to enable banks to take informed acquired immovable property in the state”. credit decisions about the group through a Management Information System (MIS). News: zzIt will help SHGs access wider range of financial services Article 35A has also been criticised on grounds of gender together with increasing the bankers' comfort in credit discrimination. It protects certain provisions of the Jammu appraisal and linkage by way of: and Kashmir Constitution which restrictthe basic right to property if a native woman marries a man not holding a zzIntegrating SHG members with the national Financial permanent resident certificate. The denial of these rights Inclusion agenda; extends to her children as well. zzImproving the quality of interface between SHG members 2. (a) Exp.: and banks for efficient and hassle free delivery of banking zz“Aajeevika Grameen Express Yojana (AGEY)”, initiated services by using the available technology; by the Ministry of Rural Development, is a sub-scheme zzFacilitate convergence of delivery system with SHGs underDeendayalAntyodaya Yojana – National Rural using Aadhaar linked identity. Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM). Hence, statement 2 is not correct. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. zzThe Self Help Groups (SHGs) under DAY-NRLM will Digitisation, through E-Shakti will ease transfer of social operate road transport service in backward areas. This benefits and Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) through will help to provide safe, affordable and community Aadhaar-linked accounts and convergence with other monitored rural transport services to connect remote government benefits. Hence, statement 2 is correct. villages with key services and amenities (such as access Digital empowerment will help in bringing SHGs on a to markets, education and health) for the overall economic common web based e-platform by making book keeping development of backward rural areas. This will also easy for low literacy clients. This will help in promoting provide an additional avenue of livelihood for SHGs. the national agenda of Financial Inclusion and pave the zzThe Community Investment Fund (CIF) provided to way for credibility of SHG data (which can later be used Community Based Organization (CBOs) under DAY- by Credit Bureaus to reduce the issues related to multiple NRLM will be utilized to support the SHG members in financing by banks). this new livelihood initiative. zzThe beneficiary SHG member will be provided an interest 4. (d) Exp.: free loan by the CBO from its Community Investment zzThe 2017 International Maritime Search and Rescue Fund upto Rs.6.50 lakh for purchase of the vehicle. Exercise (IMMSAREX) was conductedfrom November Alternatively, CBO will own the vehicle and lease it to 26 to November 28, 2017 in Bangladesh (in Cox Bazar) an SHG member to operate the vehicle and pay rent to under the aegis of the Indian Ocean Naval Symposium the CBO. Hence, statement 1 is correct. (IONS). 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 2 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzIONS, an initiative which was started by Indian Navy in zzThe project’s duration is 5 years. 2008, has 23-member countries and nine observer zzMinistry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change countries. This year the chair of IONS is Bangladesh. As (MoEF&CC) will implement the Project in the States of a result, this is its first ever operational exercise called Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh through Indian Council ‘IMMSAREX’, under the IONS Charter. of Forestry Research and Education under the National zzIn addition to the conduct of the exercise, an ‘Extraordinary Mission for Green India. Conclave of Chiefs (ECoC)’ meeting of IONS is also Hence, (b) is the correct option. scheduled on November 28, 2017, at Cox Bazar, which zzThe objective of the Project is to strengthen the was attended by the Chiefs of the Navy of all member institutional capacity of the Departments of Forestry and countries. Community Organisations to enhance forest ecosystem zzThe ECoC deliberated upon activities being undertaken services and improve the livelihoods of forest dependent by IONS in-addition to reviewing the progress made by communities in Central Indian Highlands. three IONS Working Group (IWG) namely ‘HADR’, Note: The National Action Plan on Climate Change ‘Maritime Security’ & ‘Information Exchange and has 8 Missions under it. They are: Interoperability’. 1. National Solar Mission Hence, (d) is the correct option. 2. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency 5. (d) Exp.: 3. National Mission on Sustainable habitat zzPangong Tso lake is an endorheic lake in the Himalayas. 4. National Water Mission It is situated at a height of about 4,350 m (14,270 ft). 5. National Mission for Sustaining Himalayan Approximately 60% of the length of the lake lies in China. Ecosystem (Endorheic Lakes are those waterbodies that don't flow 6. National Mission for a Green India to the Sea) 7. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture zzPangong Tso is in disputed territory. The Line of Actual 8. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Control passes through the lake. A section of the lake Climate Change approximately 20 km east from the Line of Actual Control is controlled by China but claimed by India. The eastern 7. (c) Exp.: zzIn Tamil Nadu artificial reefs, made of concrete, have end of the lake is in Tibet. After the mid-19th century, been used to prevent erosion of ecologically sensitive Pangong Tso was at the southern end of the so-called islands and also regenerate coral biodiversity in the Gulf Johnson Line, an early attempt at demarcation between of Mannar region. India and China in the Aksai Chin region. Hence, (d) is zzThe VaanIsland, which had sunk to a great extent over the correct option. decades, has regained some of its area. It is the first zzThe Khurnak Fort lies on the northern bank of the lake, attempt in India to protect and restore a sinking island. halfway of Pangong Tso. The Chinese has controlled the zzDeployment of artificial reefs parallel to the sinking island Khurnak Fort area since 1952. To the south is the smaller in the seaward side reduces the effect of currents and Spanggur Tso lake. waves, and enhances fish habitats for higher fish zzDuring winter the lake freezes completely, despite being production and protection of fish diversity. Natural corals saline water. The lake is in the process of being identified get attached to artificial reefs over time and start under the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of regeneration. international importance. This will be the first trans- zzFollowing the success in Vaan, Tamil Nadu has proposed boundary wetland in South Asia under the convention. to undertake restoration of two more islands and has 6. (b) Exp.: approached Green Climate Fund for funding of Rs 100 crore. zzIndia has recently signed the Global Environment Facility (GEF)Grant Agreement with the World Bank for zzVaan is one of the 21 islands in the Gulf of Mannar, which “Ecosystem Service Improvement Project”. was declared marine biodiversity park in 1986. Vaan located at the southern tip of Gulf of Mannar Marine zz The size of the Project is USD 24.64 million and it will National Park (GOMMNP). be entirely financed by the World Bank out of its GEF Trust Fund. Hence, (c) is the correct option. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 3 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 8. (c) Exp.: zzIt aims to connect with youth by upgrading their skills as zzCentral Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is a statutory per their competencies. It will help them to get a gainful body under Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. It employment under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal VikasYojna regulates the public exhibition of films under the under the MoSDE. provisions of the Cinematograph Act 1952. Hence, zzDelhi Police has tied up with National Skill Development statement 1 is correct. Corporation (NSDC) and Confederation of Indian zzFilms can be publicly exhibited in India only after they Industry (CII) for providing mass job-linked skill training have been certified by the Central Board of Film for the selected youth. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Certification. The Board consists of non-official members zzNSDC shall be providing skill training to the youth under and a Chairman (all of whom are appointed by the Central ‘Pradhan Mantri Kaushal VikasYojna’ (PMKVY) and CII Government). will provide job linked training through its Sector Skill zzA member of the Board shall hold office during the Councils which are connected to industry and thereby pleasure of the Central Government. provide job guarantee. zzFor this, Delhi Police has selected the youth (in the age zzCentral Board of Film Certification (CBFC),headquarters of 17-25 years) belonging to categories such as School at Mumbai, has nine Regional offices. The Regional dropouts, Juvenile offenders, Victims of crimes and Offices are assisted in the examination of films by families in dire state due to incarceration of the bread Advisory Panels. The members of the panels are earner of the family, mostly from the underprivileged nominated by Central Government by drawing people colonies. It also improves the image of the police among from different walks of life for a period of 2 years. Hence, common man. statement 2 is correct zzNews info: Recently, the Central Government has 11. (a) Exp.: reconstituted the existing Central Board of Film zzNITI Aayog has launched the “Mentor India” Campaign, Certification for a period of three years or until further a strategic nation building initiative to engage leaders orders, whichever is earlier. The new board will be headed who can guide and mentor students at more than 900 Atal Tinkering Labs, established across the country as by Sh. Prasoon Joshi. a part of the Atal Innovation Mission. It will promotethe 9. (b) Exp.: innovation ecosystem in India. Hence, statement 1 is zz‘SwasthBachche, Swasth Bharat’ Programme, an correct. initiative of Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan to prepare a zzIt is aimed at maximizing the impact of Atal Tinkering ‘Physical Health and Fitness Profile Card’ for more than Labs. The idea is to engage leaders who will nurture and 12 lakhs Kendriya Vidyalaya students was launched in guide students in the Atal Tinkering Labs. These labs are Kochi. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. non-prescriptive by nature, and mentors are expected to zzIt will provide a comprehensive and inclusive report card be enablers rather than instructors. Hence, statement 2 is for children covering all age groups and children of NOT correct. different abilities. Hence, statement 2 is correct. zzAtal Tinkering Labs are dedicated works spaces where zzMaking students, teachers and parents aware about the students from Class 6th to Class 12th learn innovation importance of good health and fitness and encouraging skills and develop ideas that will go on to transform India. 60 minutes of play each day is an objective of the The labs are powered to acquaint students with state-of- programme. the-art equipment such as 3D printers, robotics and electronics development tools, Internet of things and zz It also intends to imbibe values of Olympics and sensors etc. Paralympics amongst students by motivating potentially outstanding performers in various games and sports of 12. (d) Exp.: excellence. To fight against cyber-crimes in the country,Government 10. (b) Exp.: has set up National Cyber Coordination Centre (NCCC). zz“YUVA” is a Delhi Police initiative under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana with the help of Ministry of Skill NCCC is a multi-stakeholder cyber-security and Development and Entrepreneurship (MoSDE). Hence, e-surveillance statutory agency implemented by Indian statement 1 is NOT correct. Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), Union 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 4 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.It zzData of the identified animals is being uploaded on derives its power from the provision of section 69B of Information Network on Animal Health and Productivity the IT Act, 2000. Hence, statement 1 and 3are correct. (INAPH) data base. This is crucial for control and spread Recently, its first phase has become operational.Once it of animal diseases, scientific management of animals, becomes fully functional, it will be India’s first layer for enhanced production and productivity, improvement in cyber threat monitoring and all communication with quality of livestock and livestock products, increase in government and private service providers will be trade of livestock and livestock products by meeting out monitored by it. Its mandate is to scan internet traffic and sanitary and phytosanitary issues. Hence, statement 2 is communication metadata coming into the country to correct. detect real-time cyber threat and alert various organisations as well as internet service providers (ISPs) for timely 14. (b) Exp.: action. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Goa has recently accorded the status of State tree to the It will also coordinate between intelligence agencies, coconut palm. specifically during network intrusions and cyber-attacks. List of states and state trees: It will have virtual contact with the control room of all ISPs to scan traffic within the country, flowing at the point State/UT State Tree of entry and exit, including international gateway. Andhra Pradesh Neem 13. (c) Exp.: Arunachal Pradesh Hollong zzNational Mission on Bovine Productivity was launched Assam Hollong in November 2016 with the aim of enhancing milk Bihar Sacred fig production and productivity and thereby, making dairying Chhattisgarh Sal more remunerative to the farmers. The scheme is being Goa Coconut implemented with the following components: Gujarat Banyan (a) PashuSanjivni: this component includes Haryana Sacred fig identification of milk producing animals using UID, issuing health cards to all animals producing milk Himachal Pradesh Deodar and uploading data on INAPH data base; Jammu and Kashmir Chinar (b) Advance reproductive Technique: under this Jharkhand Sal component, sex sorted semen production facility is Karnataka Sandalwood being created at 10 A graded semen stations and 50 Kerala Coconut Embryo Transfer Technology Labs with IVF facilities are being created in the country; Madhya Pradesh Banyan (c) Creation of e-PashuHaat Portal: The e-pashuhaat Maharashtra Mango portal has been launched in November 2016 for Manipur Toona linking farmers and breeders of indigenous breeds Meghalaya White teak and Mizoram Iron wood (d) Establishment of National Bovine Genomic Nagaland Alder Centre for Indigenous Breeds (NBGC-IB): The Odisha Indian Fig Tree NBGC-IB is being established for enhancing milk production and productivity through genomic Punjab Indian Rosewood selection among indigenous breeds. Rajasthan Khejri (Prosopis Cineraria) PashuSanjivni: Sikkim Rhododendron zzUnder this, 8 million milk producing animals out of 300 Tamil Nadu Palmyra palm million cattle and buffaloes are being identified using Telangana Jammi polyurethane tags with 12-digit unique identification Tripura Agar (UID) number‘Nakul Swasthya Patra’. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Uttar Pradesh Ashoka 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 5 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz Burans (Rhododendron Afganistan is a landlocked country. Turkmenistan is also Uttarakhand arboreum) a landlocked country. Its coastline touches the Caspian sea, which is a closed sea. West Bengal Alstonia Andaman Padauk 17. (a) Exp.: Andaman and Nicobar Island terocarpus dalbergioides) zzRecently, Odisha government launched' She Means Chandigarh Blue jacaranda Business' programme of Facebook for women Dadra and Nagar Haveli Not Designated entrepreneurs in Odisha. Hence, (a) is the correct option. zz Daman and Diu Not Designated Under this scheme, 25,000 women entrepreneurs and self-help group (SHG) members will be given training Delhi Flamboyant (Delonixregia) on digital marketing skills within next one year. Lakshadweep Bread fruit Puducherry Bael fruit tree 18. (a) Exp.: zzNational Highways Authority of India, under Ministry of Coconut is the official state tree of Goa and Kerala. Hence, (b) Road Transport and Highways, launched two mobile Apps is the correct option. – MyFASTag and FASTag Partner, to facilitate the 15. (b) Exp.: availability of FASTagsfor Electronic Toll Collection zzThe Food Corporation of India was setup under the Food (ETC). Hence, (a) is the correct options. Corporation's Act 1964, in order to fulfill following objectives of the Food Policy:(Hence, statement 1 is not zzThe cumbersome method of purchase and recharge of correct.) FASTags has been one of the major challenges with the 1. Effective price support operations for safeguarding electronic toll collection project. The mobile Apps will the interests of the farmers. ease the process, making it possible to buy or recharge 2. Distribution of food grains throughout the country FASTags at the click of a mobile button. for public distribution system. zzThe App also helps to keep track of transactions and 3. Maintaining satisfactory level of operational and provides for online grievance redressal. buffer stocks of food grains to ensure National Food zzMyFASTag is a consumer App while FASTag Partner is Security. Hence, statement 2 is correct. a merchant App. Agencies like Common Services Centre, zzSince its inception, FCI has played a significant role in banking partners and vehicle dealers can sell and enroll India's success in transforming the crisis management- FASTag through this App. In addition to this, the App can oriented food security into a stable security system. also be used to activate the Radio Frequency Identification zzInitially, the headquarter of Food corporation of India was at Chennai.Later,it shifted to New Delhi. (RFID) tags that came built in with around 74 lakh cars in the country following the 2013 Gazette Notification in 16. (b) Exp.: this regard. These RFID tags are already fixed on the cars $15-billion TAPI (Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan– but are dormant. This App will convert these RFID tags India) Pipeline, also called Trans-Afghanistan Pipeline, into Electronic Toll Collection Tag (FASTag). is a natural gas pipeline being developed by the Galkynysh – TAPI Pipeline Company Limited.(Hence, statement 1 19. (b) Exp.: is not correct.) The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a large- The pipeline originates from Turkmenistan’s Galkynysh scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative field having gas reserves of 16 trillion cubic feet. The sample of households throughout India. Four rounds of project is being funded by the Asian Development Bank the survey have been conducted since the first NHFS-1 (ADB).(Hence, statement 2 is correct.) (1992-93), NHFS-2 (1998-99), NFHS-3 (2005-06), Out of the total 1,814 km., the pipeline will run for 214 NHFS-4 (2015-16) km in Turkmenistan, 774 km in Afghanistan along the Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct Kandahar-Herat highway, 826 km in Pakistan through Quetta and Multan and finally reaching the settlement of The survey provides state and national information for Fazilka, in India located near the India-Pakistan border. India on: 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 6 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 1. Fertility, 21. (d) Exp.: 2. Infant and child mortality, In a step forward to resolution of dispute between India 3. The practice of family planning, and Pakistan, World Bank has cleared construction of 4. Maternal and child health, hydroelectric power facilities on tributaries of rivers 5. Reproductive health, Jhelum (Kishanganga project) and Chenab (Ratle project) 6. Nutrition, with certain restrictions under the 1960 Indus Waters 7. Anaemia, Treaty (IWT). 8. Utilization and quality of health and family planning Hence, statement 1 and 4 are correct. services. 22. (c) Exp.: Each successive round of the NFHS has had two specific The ILO was created in 1919, as part of the Treaty of goals: Versailles that ended World War I, to reflect the belief (a) to provide essential data on health and family that universal and lasting peace can be accomplished only welfare needed by the Ministry of Health and if it is based on social justice.The Constitution was drafted Family Welfare and other agencies for policy and between January and April, 1919, by the Labour programme purposes, and Commission set up by the Peace Conference, which first (b) to provide information on important emerging health met in Paris and then in Versailles. It resulted in a tripartite and family welfare issues. organization, the only one of its kind bringing together The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), representatives of governments, employers and workers Government of India, designated the International in its executive bodies. Institute for Population Sciences(IIPS) Mumbai, as the Hence, Statement 1 is correct nodal agency, responsible for providing coordination and technical guidance for the survey. IIPS collaborated with India is a founding member of the ILO and has been a a number of Field Organizations (FO) for survey permanent member of the ILO Governing Body since implementation. Each FO was responsible for conducting 1922. The first ILO Office in India opened in 1928. survey activities in one or more states covered by the Hence, Statement 2 is correct NFHS. 23. (a) Exp.: Technical assistance for the NFHS was provided mainly zzGovernment has launched e-RashtriyaKisanAgri Mandi by ORC Macro (USA) and other organizations on specific (e-RaKAM) portal to provide a platform for farmers to issues. The funding for different rounds of NFHS has sell agricultural produce. been provided by USAID, DFID, the Bill and Melinda zzIt is a digital initiative that aims to bring together the Gates Foundation, UNICEF, UNFPA, and MOHFW, GOI. farmers, PSUs, civil supplies and buyers on a single Hence, statement 2 is correct. platform to ease the selling and buying process of 20. (b) Exp.: agricultural products. It has been developed by state-run- auctioneer MSTC Limited (Metal Scrap Trade Corporation The bilateral trade relations between India and Bhutan Limited) and CRWC (Central Railside Warehouse are governed by the Agreement on Trade, Commerce and Company) Limited. Transit between the Government of India and Bhutan. The Agreement provides for a free trade regime between zzUnder this initiative, e-RaKAM centres are being the territories of India and Bhutan. The Agreement also developed throughout the country in a phased manner to provides for duty free transit of Bhutanese merchandise facilitate farmers for online sale of their produce. The for trade with third countries. farmers will be paid through e-Payment directly into their bank accounts under the e-RaKAM initiative. Hence, statement 1 is correct while statement 2 is NOT correct. Hence (a) is correct 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 7 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 24. (d) Exp.: 26. (c) Exp.: The Government has recently launched the “Tele-Law” The Indian Ocean is the world’s third largest body of to provide easy access to legal aid to the marginalized water, covering about one fifth of the world's total ocean section of the society and to those living in rural areas area. The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) cuts across a vast with the help of digital technology. span of territory that directly affects both the global economy and some 32 nations in the region. The countries The scheme is initiative of the Union Law Ministry and in the IOR are for the most part developing and middle Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology income countries, with varying levels of development, (MeITY). Hence, statement 1 is correct. stability and security. Under it, ‘Tele-Law’ portal has been launched which is India Foundation, a Delhi-based think tank, hosted the available across the Common Service Centre (CSC) IOC 2017 in collaboration with RSIS (Rajaratnam School network at panchyat levels. The portal will connect the of International Studies), Singapore and NIFS (National citizens from rural areas to have access to legal Institute of Fundamental Studies), Colombo–both consultation with the help of para-legal volunteers research and study centres, in Colombo on 31st August (PLVs). It will enable people to seek legal advice from – 2nd September 2017. It is the second IOC conference. lawyers through video conferencing. The National Legal The first was held in Singapore in 2016. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Services Authority (NALSA) will also provide a panel from state capitals. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Economic development can pave the way for the countries in the IOR to eradicate poverty. Peace remains a vital In the first phase, the scheme will be tested as a pilot condition for Progress and Economic Development,which across 500 Common Service Centres (CSC) in Uttar in turn can lead to Prosperity for all in the region. “What Pradesh and Bihar. Recently, Tele-Law scheme has been can the countries of the IOR do to achieve Peace, Progress launched in state of Bihar. and Prosperity?”- is main agenda of the conference. Tele-law service falls under the Access to Justice Project Hence, statement 2 is correct. for Marginalized Persons, being implemented by the 27. (c) Exp.: Department of Justice and United Nation Development zzThe Mekong-Ganga Cooperation(MGC) is an initiative Programme (UNDP). by India and five ASEAN countries, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam for cooperation in Common service centres (CSC SPV) had earlier partnered tourism, culture, education, as well as transport and with the Department under the Access to Justice Project communications. Hence (2), (3) and (5) are correct. to provide legal literacy through the network of CSCs in zzIt was launched in 2000 at Vientiane, Laos. It is named three districts of Jharkhand and 11 districts of Rajasthan. after Ganga and the Mekong which both are civilisational Hence, statement 2 is correct. rivers. MGC initiative aims to facilitate closer contacts 25. (b) Exp.: among the people inhabiting these two major river basins. zzIndia’s first private sector missile sub-systems zzNews Info: Recently, 8th Mekong Ganga-Cooperation manufacturing facility has inaugurated at Rangareddy Ministerial Meeting was held in Manila, Philippines, in district, Hyderabad. It has been established a line with which member countries has called for expanding the the ‘Make in India’ initiative and Government’s policy areas of cooperation among the member countries of the to encourage private sector participation in defence MGC bloc. product. Hence (b) is correct. 28. (d) Exp.: zzIt is a joint venture between the $2.5 billion Kalyani The cloud seeding experiment of Karnataka Government Group and Israel’s Rafael Advanced Defence Systems called Project Varshadhari, was started in Magadi and Ltd. The Kalyani Rafael Advanced Systems (KRAS) plant Ramanagaram areas of Karnataka. The project, conceived will make anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) Spike and to enhance rainfall in rain-deficient basins Hence, the production is expected to start soon. statement 1 is NOT correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 8 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation Concept - This cloud seeding operation, aims to condense Its headquarter located is located in Nagpur with a small water particles by clouds (size less than 10 microns) network of 5 circle offices across the country. Hence, to droplets of 50 microns, which can constitute rains. statement 2 is NOT correct. Clouds are formed by condensation of water particles and not by vapourization. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. News info: Recently, Supreme Court has imposed ban on use of five harmful heavy metals like lithium, antimony, For this cloud seeding project, the materials used as mercury, arsenic and leadin the manufacturing of condensation nuclei are Silver Iodide, Sodium Chloride firecrackers as they cause air pollution. The apex court and Potassium Chloride to condense the water particles. also held that it is the responsibility of the PESO to ensure Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct. compliance of ban order particularly in Sivakasi in Tamil 29. (b) Exp.: Nadu where there are large numbers of firecracker River Mechi originates in the Mahabharat Range in Nepal. manufacturers. It flows through Nepal, forms the boundary between India 31. (c) Exp.: and Nepal and then flows through the Indian state of Bihar to join the Mahananda in Kishanganj district. Hence, The Quality Council of India (QCI) has conducted a statement 1 is not correct. transparent third-party assessment of the present status The Union Cabinet approved a Memorandum of of rural sanitation in all States and UTs, called Swachh Understanding (MoU) to be signed between India and SurvekshanGramin 2017. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Nepal for laying down implementation arrangement on Under the Swachh SurvekshanGramin 2017, QCI Cost sharing, Schedules and Safeguard issues for starting surveyed 1.4 lakh rural households across 4626 villages, construction of a new Bridge over Mechi River at Indo- and found the overall toilet coverage to be 62.45%. At Nepal border. the time of the survey, i.e. May-June 2017, the Swachh The estimated cost of construction of the bridge would Bharat Mission (Gramin) MIS reported the coverage to be funded by Government of India through ADB loan. be 63.73%. The survey also observed that 91.29% of the The new bridge is part of up-gradation of the Kakarvitta people having access to a toilet use it. Hence, statement (Nepal) to Panitanki Bypass (India). Mechi Bridge is the 2 is correct. ending point of Asian Highway 02 in India leading to Nepal and provides critical connectivity to Nepal. Hence, Over 6.26 crore household toilets have been constructed statement 2 is correct. since the launch of the Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin. The construction of the bridge will improve regional 3,23,560 villages, 314 districts and 11 States declared connectivity and has potential to strengthen cross border ODF till date. Sanitation Coverage has increased from trade between both the countries and cementing ties by 39% in October 2016 to 78.98% in February 2018. strengthening industrial, social and cultural exchanges. 32. (b) Exp.: National Highway and Infrastructure Development Plate tectonics is the theory that the outer rigid layer of Corporation (NHIDCL) under Ministry of Road Transport the earth (the lithosphere) is divided into a couple of & Highways has been designated as the implementing dozen "plates" that move around across the earth's surface agency for this project. relative to each other, like slabs of ice on a lake. These 30. (c) Exp.: plates move relative to each other and interact along their Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation (PESO) boundaries, where they converge, diverge, or slip past is under Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion one another. Such interactions are thought to be (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Hence, responsible for most of Earth’s seismic and volcanic statement 1 is NOT correct. activity, although earthquakes and volcanoes can occur It administers the responsibilities delegated under the in plate interiors. Explosives Act 1884 and Petroleum Act 1934 and the A major plate is any plate with an area greater than 20 rules made there under related to manufacture, import, export, transport, possession, sale and use of Explosives, million km2. There are usually seven "major" plates: Petroleum products and compressed gases.Hence, African, Antarctic, Eurasian, North American, South statement 3 is correct. American, Pacific, and Indo-Australian. A minor plate 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 9 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation is any plate with an area less than 20 million km2 but Madagascar Plate (African Plate), Falkland plate, greater than 1 million km2. List of minor plates include Malpelo Plate, etc. Hence, (2)and (3) are correct. Nazca plate, Philippine plate, Arabian plate, Cocos plate, Malpelo Plate: Recently, a new microplate off the coast Caribbean plate, Scotia plate, etc. Hence, (1) is NOT of Ecuador has been discovered named as Malpelo Plate correct. after Malpelo Island, the only emerged part of the plate. A microplate is any plate with an area less than 1 million It is the 57th plate to be identified. It is bounded on the km2. There are several microplates which are parts of west by the Cocos Plate, on the south by the Nazca Plate, major plates or minor plates. Examples of microplates on the east by the North Andes Plate, and on the north by are Juan de Fuca plate (between North American Plate the Coiba Plate. This microplate was previously assumed and Pacific plate), Gorda plate (North American Plate), to be part of the Nazca Plate. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 10 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 33. (a) Exp.: habitat called the Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem zzUS Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) has Protection Program (GSLEP), addresses key current and approved Kymriah(tisagenlecleucel) suspension for emerging threats to snow leopards, including climate intravenous infusion, formerly CTL019, the first Chimeric change, and is seen as a model for other range countries Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, licensed to to adopt. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. Novartis, for the treatment of patients up to 25 years of 35. (c) Exp.: age with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia BHARAT 22 (ALL) that is refractory or in second or later relapse. It is the first therapy based on gene transfer approved by BHARAT 22 is an Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) launched the FDA. Hence, (a) is correct. by finance minister. Bharat 22 consists of strategic holding zzIn this, patient's T cells (a type of immune system cell) of 22 stocks of Central Public Sector Enterprise (CPSE), are changed in the laboratory so they will attack cancer Public Sector Banks (PSB)&Specified undertaking of the cells. T cells are taken from a patient’s blood. Then the unit trust of India (SUUTI).Hence, statement 3 is gene for a special receptor that binds to a certain protein correct. on the patient’s cancer cells is added in the laboratory. Compared to energy heavy ‘CPSE ETF’, Bharat 22 is a The special receptor is called a chimeric antigen receptor well Diversified portfolio with 6 sectors (Basic Materials, (CAR). Large numbers of the CAR T cells are grown in Energy, Finance, FMCG,and Industry& Utilities). the laboratory and given to the patient by infusion. The The Bharat 22 Index will be rebalanced annually. CAR-T cells are able to bind to an antigen on the cancer cells and kill them. ICICI Prudential will be the Asset Management Company&ETF Manager and Asia Index Private Limited 34. (a) Exp.: (JV BSE and S& P Global) will be the Index Provider. The Global Snow Leopard and Ecosystem Protection Hence, statement 2 is correct. Program (GSLEP) seeks to address high-mountain Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. development issues using the conservation of the 36. (a) Exp.: charismatic and endangered snow leopard as a flagship. The snow leopard range countries and partners 'Humraaz' app unanimously agree to the shared goal of the GSLEP for The Indian Army has developed a mobile application the 7 years through 2020. The snow leopard range through which serving soldiers can track details like countries agree, with support from interested organizations, postings and promotions. They can also view their to work together to identify and secure at least 20 snow monthly salary slips and the Form 16 and also download leopard landscapes across the cat’s range by 2020 or, in them. shorthand – “Secure 20 by 2020.” Hence, statement 1 The mobile app has been developed in-house by the Army is correct. and launched in the second week of August for prompt Secure snow leopard landscapes are defined as those communication of information to junior commissioned that contain at least 100 breeding age snow leopards officers and other personnels. Hence (a) is correct. conserved with the involvement of local communities, For security reasons, the installation of the application support adequate and secure prey populations, and have has been linked to verification of Aadhar details. The functional connectivity to other snow leopard landscapes, Aadhar details will be verified with the Army database some of which cross international boundaries. over (National Information Centre) NIC cloud. In August 2017, Nepal made conservation history by 37. (c) Exp.: becoming the first country to launch its climate-smart snow leopard landscape management leading the way in Logistics Data Bank (LDB) safeguarding the species and its habitat. Nepal’s The Logistics Data Bank (LDB) is a project to make conservation plan, made under a joint initiative that aims India’s logistics sector more efficient through the use of to conserve snow leopards and valuable high mountain Information Technology. Hence, statement 1 is correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 11 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation So far, it had covered only the western logistics corridor, The FarmerZone platform will connect farmers and and it will soon expand operations to the country’s scientists, government officials, thought leaders in southern region. agriculture, economists and representatives from global In this every container is attached to a Radio Frequency companies who work in the big-data and e-commerce Identification Tag (RFID) tag and then tracked through space to bring about technology-based localisedagri- RFID readers. This aids importers and exporters in solutions. The platform will work on getting relevant tracking their goods in transit. This has, in turn, cut the quality data related to agriculture into the cloud, develop overall lead time of container movement as well as sentinel sites to help link with farmers and evolve PPP reduced transaction costs that consignees and shippers based enterprises for data delivery. incur. It is billed as a major ‘ease of doing business’ 39. (b) Exp.: initiative aimed at boosting India’s foreign trade and India's Deep Ocean Mission ensuring greater transparency. Hence, statement 2 is correct. The Union Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) is developing technology to harness ocean resources by The LDB is being implemented through a Special Purpose Vehicle called Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor their ‘Deep Ocean Mission’. The mission is said to Development Corporation Logistics Data Services Ltd. accelerate research activities in ocean science.The inter- (DLDSL) — that is jointly (50:50) owned by the Delhi ministerial and interdisciplinary project will be exploring Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DMIC) Trust and Japanese and harnessing mineral resources beneath the ocean floor IT services major NEC Corporation. in a research oriented and scientific manner. Hence, statement 1 and statement 2 are correct. 38. (b) Exp.: The program on Poly metallic nodules was initiated at FarmerZone CSIR-NIO with the collection of the first nodule sample The Department of Biotechnology (DBT), under the from Arabian Sea on board the first Research Vessel Ministry of Science and Technology in partnership with Gaveshani on 26 January 1981. India was the first country the UK’s Biotechnology and Biological Sciences in the world to have been given the Pioneer Area for Research Council (BBSRC) and Research Councils UK exploration of deep-sea mineral viz. polymetallic nodules (RCUK), convened the Smart Agriculture Conclave in in the Central Indian Ocean Basin in 1987. Hence, New Delhi. statement 3 is NOT correct. The objective of this conclave was to set the stage for This was based on the extensive surveys carried out by “FarmerZone” the scientists of CSIR-NIO, on several research ships “FarmerZone” is a collective open-source data platform leading to the allocation of an area of 150,000 sq km to for smart agriculture which will use biological research the country with exclusive rights under the UN Law of and data to improve the lives of small and marginal the sea. farmers. It is envisaged that “FarmerZone” will help cater Based on the resource evaluation, India has now retained to all needs of the farmer, from dealing with climate an area of 75,000 sq km with an estimated resource of change, weather predictions and soil, water, and seed requirements to providing market intelligence. Hence, about 100 million tons of strategic metals such as statement (b) is correct. Copper,Nickel, Cobalt besides Manganese and Iron. A First Generation Mine-site (FGM) with an area of 18,000 FarmerZone has been envisioned for effective decision- sq km has been identified. making in agriculture that integrates science, technology, innovation and the farm ecosystem. With the agricultural Latest technologies for extraction of metals from the conclave, DBT aims to advance the process of minerals have also been developed under the programme. technological intervention to help small and marginal Detailed environmental data has been collected for land-holding farmers, who constitute a major component compliance with International Seabed Authorities of Indian agriculture. The conclave identified the requirements. Besides identifying the mineral resource challenges faced in each agro-climatic region, and and developing technologies for mining and extraction, discussed possible solutions through scientific the programme has also resulted in high impact research interventions. as well as manpower development. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 12 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 40. (c) Exp.: The non-nutrition component addresses the Rural Games to take Place in Delhi developmental needs of adolescent girls. Under this Scheme, out of school adolescent girls of 11-18 Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports organizedRural years are being provided IFA (Iron and Folic Acid) Games or Grameen Khel Mahotsav in Delhi from 28th August to 3rd September, 2017.The Rural Games aimed supplementation, health check-up and referral at popularising the indigenous games like wrestling, services, nutrition and health education, Adolescent athletics etc. Fun games like Matka Race, Tug of War for Reproductive Sexual Health (ARSH) counselling/ senior citizenswere also included to add the fun element guidance on family welfare, life skill education, in the games. Grameen Marathon marked the beginning guidance on accessing public services and vocational of the Rural Games fever youth from rural Delhi. Hence, training (only 16-18 year old adolescent girls). It statement 1 is correct. also aims towards mainstreaming out of school AGs Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports will also urge various into formal/non-formal education. Nearly 100 lakh State governments to replicate these Rural Games in their adolescent girls per annum are expected to be respective states and create a mass sporting event across benefitted under the scheme. Hence, statement 3 is India enabling grassroots level players and talented correct. youngsters to showcase their talent and help them get recognition and better training and sporting facilities. 42. (b) Exp.: Hence, statement 2 is correct. National Safai Karamcharis Finance &Development 41. (d) Exp.: Corporation (NSKFDC), an apex corporation of the Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment for the Girls (RGSEAG)–SABLA is a Centrally-sponsored socio economic development of Safai Karamcharis/ scheme of the Ministry of Women and Child Scavengers and their dependants , launched “Swachhta Development. It is being implemented in 205 districts Udyami Yojana- Swachhta Se Sampannta ki Aur” on selected from all the States/UTs while in the remaining 2.10.2014. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. districts Kishori Shakti Yojna (KSY), where operational, NSKFDC was incorporated on 24th January, 1997 under will continue as before. Section 25 of the Companies Act as a ‘Not For Profit’ zzIt aims at empowering adolescent girls(AGs)(11-18 Organization. years) by improving their nutritional and health status. Hence, statement 1 is correct. The Scheme provides financial assistance (in the form of zzThe Scheme also aims at empowering adolescent girls loan at concessional rate of interest) to Safai Karamcharis through up gradation of home skills, life skills and and identified Manual Scavengers for construction, vocational skills. The girls will be equipped with operation and maintenance of community toilets in Public information on health and family welfare, hygiene and Private Partnership (PPP) Mode and for purchase of guidance on existing public services. sanitation related vehicles (such as Jetting and suction zzThe monitoring and supervision mechanism set up under machines, vacuum loaders, garbage collection and the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) disposal vehicles etc.). Hence, statement 2 is correct. Scheme is used for the scheme Sabla as well. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Scheme details: Under the Scheme, entrepreneurs among safai karmacharis and identified manual scavengers can zzSABLA has two major components viz. Nutrition and Non-Nutrition. avail loan upto defined ceiling at concessional rate of interest @ 4% per annum. In case of women beneficiaries, Under the Nutrition component, the out of school AGs in the age group of 11-14 years attending there is a rebate of 1% in the rate of interest charged. This Anganwadi Centres and all girls in the age group of Scheme has the twin objective of cleanliness and 14-18 years are provided Supplementary Nutrition providing livelihood to SafaiKaramcharis and liberated containing 600 calories, 18-20 grams of protein and Manual Scavengers to achieve the overall goal of micronutrients, per day for 300 days in a year. “Swachh Bharat Abhiyan” 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 13 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 43. (b) Exp.: zzThe mission would also aim to provide shelter equipped Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is a system that powers with essential services to the urban homeless in a phased multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application manner. (of any participating bank), merging several banking zzThe scheme also address the livelihood concerns of the features, seamless fund routing and merchant payments urban street vendors by facilitating them suitable space, into one hood. It has been developed by the National institutional credit, and social security and skills to the Payments Corporation of India(NPCI). The interface urban street vendor for accessing emerging market is regulated by the Reserve Bank of India and works by opportunities. instantly transferring funds between two bank accounts zzAajeevika - National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM) on a mobile platform. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. was launched by the Ministry of Rural Development UPI is built over Immediate Payment Service (IMPS) for (MoRD), Government of India in June 2011. transferring funds. Unlike traditional mobile wallets, Aided in part through investment support by the which take a specified amount of money from user and World Bank, the Mission aims at creating efficient store it in its own accounts, UPI withdraws and deposits and effective institutional platforms of the rural funds directly from the bank account whenever a poor, enabling them to increase household income transaction is requested. It uses Virtual Payment Address through sustainable livelihood enhancements and (a unique ID provided by the bank), Account Number improved access to financial services. In November with IFS Code, Mobile Number with MMID (Mobile 2015, the program was renamed Deendayal Money Identifier), Aadhaar Number, or a one-time use Antayodaya Yojana (DAY-NRLM). Virtual ID. An MPIN (Mobile banking Personal 45. (b) Exp.: Identification number) is required to confirm each zzStarting with Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar’s 125th Birth payment. Anniversary on 14th April 2016 and culminating in UPI has a single click-two factor authentication system Panchayati Raj Day on 24th April 2016, the Central which means that with one click the transaction is Government, in collaboration with States and Panchayats, authenticated at two levels. The user will need a mobile organized a ‘Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan’ phone with a mobile pin called m-pin and a virtual id (Village Self Governance Campaign). Hence, statement offered by the provider. With a click the transaction is 1 is not correct. checked.If the mobile pin matches with the virtual address zzThe campaign aims to generate nation-wide efforts to the transaction goes through. Hence, statement 2 is increase social harmony across villages, strengthen correct. Panchayati Raj, promote rural development, and foster UPI is also available as a USSD service.Users can access farmers’ progress. Hence, statement 2 is correct. the service by dialling the code *99#. Therefore, UPI zz‘Social Harmony Programme’ was conducted in all Gram service can be accessed from basic phone. Hence, Panchayats, supported collaboratively by the Ministry of statement 3 is NOT correct. Panchayati Raj and the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. In this programme, villagers honoured 44. (c) Exp.: Dr. Ambedkar, and resolved to strengthen social harmony. zzDeenDayal Upadhyaya AntyodayaYojana, launched Information regarding the various schemes of the by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, government to foster social justice was provided. encompasses the National Rural Livelihood Mission (Ajeevika) and National Urban Livelihood Mission 46. (b) Exp.: implemented by Ministry of Rural Development and zzThe Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (SPMRM)orNational Rurban Mission (NRuM) aims respectively.Hence, statement 1 is correct. at development of rural growth clusters which have latent zzThe Scheme aims to reduce poverty and vulnerability of potential for growth, in all States and UTs.This would the urban poor households by enabling them to access trigger overall development in the region. gainful self employment and skilled wage employment zzThe State Governments would identify the clusters in opportunities, resulting in an appreciable improvement accordance with the Framework for Implementation in their livelihoods on a sustainable basis. Hence, prepared by the Ministry of Rural Development. Hence, statement 2 is correct. statement 1 is not correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 14 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zz'Rurban cluster', would be a cluster of geographically zzAs per the Census figures of 2011, the population of senior contiguous villages with a population of about 25000 to citizens in India is 10.38 crore. More than 70% of the 50000 in plain and coastal areas and a population of 5000 population of senior citizens live in rural areas of the to 15000 in desert, hilly or tribal areas. country. A sizeable percentage (5.2%) of the senior zzTo ensure an optimum level of development, 14 citizens suffers from some sort of disabilities related to components have been suggested as desirable for the old age. cluster, which would include: Skill development training NOTE: linked to economic activities, Agro Processing/Agri zzThe Central Government established a Fund to be called Services/Storage and Warehousing, Digital Literacy, Sanitation, Provision of piped water supply, Solid and the Senior Citizens Welfare Fund for promoting the liquid waste management, Village streets and drains, welfare of the Senior Citizens and for such other purposes Street lights, Fully equipped mobile health unit, as specified in the Finance Act, 2015. Upgrading school /higher education facilities, Inter- zzThe Senior Citizens Welfare Fund shall be an interest- village road connectivity, Citizen Service Centres- for bearing account in the Public Account of the Union of electronic delivery of citizen centric services/e-gram India and shall be administered by the Committee. The connectivity, Public transport and LPG gas connections. nodal Ministry for the administration of the Fund shall zzThe Scheme, through development of rural growth be the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. clusters aims at catalyzing overall regional growth.This 48. (a) Exp.: would simultaneously benefit the rural and urban areas zz‘IMPRINT India’ is a Pan-IIT and IISc joint initiative to of the country, by achieving the twin objectives of develop a roadmap for research to solve major engineering strengthening rural areas and de-burdening the urban and technology challenges in ten technology domains areas. Hence, statement 2 is correct. relevant to India. Hence, (a) is the correct option. zzThe Mission envisages institutional arrangements both at zz the State and the Center to ensure smooth implementation The objectives of this initiative is to (1) identify areas of of the Mission. immediate relevance to society requiring innovation, (2) direct scientific research into identified areas, (3) ensure zzThe Mission also has an Innovation budget towards higher funding support for research into these areas and facilitating research, development and capacity building. (4) measure outcomes of the research effort with reference 47. (b) Exp.: to impact on the standard of living in the rural/urban areas. zz“Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana”, under Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment,is a scheme for providing 49. (c) Exp.: Physical Aids and Assisted-living Devices for Senior zzThe Government of India launched the seven-pronged citizens belonging to BPL category. Hence(b) is the Indradhanush plan in 2015 for revamping Public Sector correct option. Banks (PSBs). The seven elements include appointments, zzThis is a Central Sector Scheme, fully funded by the board of bureau, capitalisation, de-stressing, Central Government. The expenditure for implementation empowerment, framework of accountability and of the scheme will be met from the "Senior Citizens' governance reforms. Welfare Fund". zzUnder capitalisation, the plan envisaged infusion of zzThe Scheme aims at providing Senior Citizens, belonging capital in PSBs by the Government to the tune of Rs. to BPL category and suffering from any of the age-related 70,000 crore over a period of four financial years. disability/infirmity viz. Low vision, Hearing impairment, Government has recently announced decision to further Loss of teeth and Locomotor disability, with such assisted- recapitalise PSBs to the tune of Rs. 2,11,000 crore, living devices which can restore near normalcy in their through recapitalisation bonds of Rs. 1,35,000 crore and bodily functions, overcoming the disability/infirmity budgetary provision of Rs. 18,139 crore (the residual manifested. The assistive devices shall be conforming to amount under Indradhanush plan) over two financial the standards laid down by the Bureau of Indian years, and the balance through capital raising by banks Standards, wherever applicable. from the market.Hence, option 1 is correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 15 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation To strengthen and invigorate the Universal Immunization Components: Program (UIP) and achieve full immunization coverage zzThe major components of the scheme are feeder for all children at a rapid pace, the Government of India separation; strengthening of sub-transmission and (Ministry of Health and Family Welfare) launched distribution network; Metering at all levels (input points, Mission Indradhanush in December 2014. It aims to cover feeders and distribution transformers); Micro grid and off all those children by 2020 who are either unvaccinated, grid distribution network & Rural electrification- already or are partially vaccinated against seven vaccine sanctioned projects under RGGVY to be completed. preventable diseases which include diphtheria, whooping zzRural Electrification Corporation (REC) is the Nodal cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis Agency for operationalization of this scheme. It will B. Hence, option 2 is correct. furnish monthly progress reports on the implementation zzFull immunization against preventable childhood diseases of the scheme indicating both financial and physical is the right of every child. With a view to provide this right to every child, the Government of India launched progress to Ministry of Power and Central Electricity the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) in 1985, one Authority. The Monitoring Committee under the of the largest health programs of its kind in the world. Chairmanship of Secretary (Power) will approve the projects and also monitor implementation of the scheme. 50. (b) Exp.: zzMera Gaon Mera Gaurav: Under this scheme, lunched Funding Mechanism: by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, zzGrant portion of the Scheme is 60% for other than special scientists of Indian Council of Agricultural Research category States (up to 75% on achievement of prescribed (ICAR) and Agricultural Universities identify villages in milestones) and 85% for special category States (up to the vicinity of the agricultural institutions for providing 90% on achievement of prescribed milestones). The advisories and consultations to farmers for increasing milestones for the additional grant are: timely completion farm productivity and production. Hence, option (b) is of the scheme, reduction in AT&C losses as per trajectory correct. and upfront release of subsidy by State govt. zzIt aims to promote the direct interface of scientists with 52. (c) Exp.: the farmers to hasten the lab to land process.Under this zzUnnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) was launched on 11th scheme, scientists select villages as per their convenience November, 2014 by Ministry of Human Resource and remain in touch with the selected villages and provide information to the farmers on technical and other related Development to enable higher educational institutions to aspects in a time frame through personal visits or on work with the people of rural India in identifying telephone. development challenges and evolving appropriate solutions for accelerating sustainable growth. Hence, (c) 51. (c) Exp.: is correct. zzThe Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana zzAll the higher education institutions which are funded by (DDUGJY) is one of the flagship programmes of the the Central/State Governments and all Institutions which Ministry of Power and aims to facilitate 24x7 supply of are under approval by the regulatory bodies are advised power to rural households and and adequate power to agricultural consumers. This scheme focuses on feeder to adopt clusters of backward Gram Panchayats/ villages separation (rural households & agricultural) and in their vicinity and apply their knowledge and expertise strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution to improve the infrastructure in the Gram Panchayats infrastructure including metering at all levels in rural (GPs). areas. Hence, statement 2 is correct. zzHigher educational institutions have to give special zzThe earlier scheme for rural electrification viz. Rajiv emphasis on issues pertaining to sanitation, drinking water Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) has supply, energy, agriculture and allied activities, irrigation, been subsumed under the new scheme as its rural education, health, etc. and provide innovative solutions electrification component. Hence, statement 1 is correct. in consultation with Panchayat Raj Institutions (PRI). 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 16 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 53. (d) Exp.: the deployment of computer-based systems that do things The ‘Nai Manzil Scheme’, launched by the Ministry of in the physical world, such as, self-driven cars, robotics, Minority Affairs, aims to benefit the minority youths in artificial intelligence, digital manufacturing, big data the age group of 17 to 35 years who are school-dropouts analysis, deep learning, quantum communication and or educated in the community education institutions like Internet-of-Things. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Madrasa, by providing them an integrated input of formal zzDST has also initiated a new directed research programme education (up till Class VIII or X) and skill training along on “Quantum Information Science and Technology with certification, with a view of enabling them to seek (QuST)”-- a Mission Mode Scheme under ICPS better employment in the organized sector and equipping programme. Hence, statement 2 is correct. them with better lives. Hence, statement 1 and 3 are 56. (c) Exp.: correct. The Ministry of Labour & Employment has developed a Minimum 30% seats are earmarked for minority girls. It unified Web Portal 'Shram Suvidha', catering to four major includes a non-residential programme of 9-12 months organisations under its aegis: Office of Chief Labour duration involving a Basic Bridge Programme (For Class Commissioner (Central); Directorate General of Mines VIII or Class X) for their education, along with training Safety; Employees' Provident Fund Organization; and in trade based skills for sustained livelihood/gainful Employees' State Insurance Corporation. Its main features employment. are: This is a 100% Central Sector Scheme and is implemented (a) Unique labour identification number (LIN) allotted by the Ministry of Minority Affairs directly through to Units (or employers) facilitating online empanelled eligible organizations. Hence, statement 2 is registration. Hence, statement 1 is NOT correct. correct. (b) Filing of self-certified and simplified Single Online 54. (c) Exp.: Return by the industry. Units will only file a single consolidated Return online instead of filing 16 Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is the designated scheme separate Returns. Hence, statement 2 is correct. for implementation of the Right of the Child to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act 2009, with the aim of (c) Transparent Labour Inspection Scheme via universalizing elementary education. computerized system as per risk-based criteria and uploading of Inspection Reports within 72 hours by Children in the age group of 6 to 14 are its beneficiaries Labour Inspectors. Hence, statement 3 is correct. Following are the sub-programmes under SSA: (d) Timely grievance redressal. 'Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat' (PBBB) 57. (a) Exp.: Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan (RAA) "Jeevan Pramaan" is an "Aadhar-based Digital Life Vidyanjali Certificate" for pensioners. The digital certification will Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalayas in educationally do away with the requirement of a pensioner having to backward blocks to promote girls education. submit a physical Life Certificate in November each year, Mid day meal scheme etc. in order to ensure continuity of pension being credited 55. (c) Exp.: into his/her account. Key details of the pensioner, zzThe Department of Science and Technology (DST) has including date, time, and biometric information would initiated a Cyber Physical System (CPS) programme. It be uploaded to a central database on real-time basis, has been conceived as a `3,000-crore exercise that would, ultimately enabling the Pension Disbursing Agency to at first, take root in some of the Indian Institutes of access a Digital Life Certificate. This will conclusively Technology (IITs). The thrust of the initiative would be establish that the pensioner was alive at the time of to encourage greater synergy between the scientists and authentication. industry. CPS is an interdisciplinary field that deals with Hence, (a) is the correct option. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 17 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 58. (a) Exp.: (e) Border and International Connectivity Roads: zzBharatmala Pariyojana has been designed to bridge the Connectivity to border areas & trade points with gaps in the existing highways infrastructure so as to make neighbouring countries (Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, the movement of man and material more efficient. Special Myanmar) attention has been paid to fulfil the connectivity needs of (f) Expressways: Greenfield expressways (high density backward and tribal areas, areas of economic activity, stretches) places of religious and tourist interest, border areas, coastal areas and trade routes with neighbouring countries 59. (b) Exp.: under the programme. Hence, statement 1 is correct. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (under zzBharatmala will give the country 50 national corridors as Ministry of Finance): opposed to the 6 we have at present. It will help to connect Eligibility: Available to people in age group 18 to 70 550 Districts in the country through National Highways years with bank account. Hence, statement 2 is NOT linkages. Currently, only around 300 Districts have correct. National Highways linkages. Bharatmala will also have a positive impact on the Logistic Performance Index (LPI) Premium: Rs.12 per annum. Hence, statement 1 is not of the country. Bharatmala envisages improving the correct. efficiency of the National Corridor (Golden-Quadrilateral Payment Mode: The premium will be directly auto- and North-South-East-West corridor) by decongesting its debited by the bank from the subscribers account. This choke points through lane expansion, construction of ring is the only mode of payment available. Hence, statement roads, bypasses/ elevated corridors and logistics parks at 3 is correct. identified points. zzProjects under Bharatmala are to be implemented through Risk Coverage: For accidental death and full disability National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), National - Rs.2 Lakh and for partial disability – Rs.1 Lakh. Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Terms of Risk Coverage: A person has to opt for the (NHIDCL), Ministry of Road Transport and Highways scheme every year. He can also prefer to give a long-term (MoRTH) and State Public Works Department (PWDs). option of continuing in which case his account will be Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. auto-debited every year by the bank. zzUnder this, the government intends to develop 83,677 km Note: Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (For of highways and roads at an investment of around Rs 7 Life Insurance Cover) lakh crore over the next five years. zzIn the first phase, the plan is to construct about 35,000 Eligibility: Available to people in the age group of 18 to km of highways at a cost of Rs 5.35 lakh crore. 50 and having a bank account. People who join the scheme before completing 50 years can, however, Components: continue to have the risk of life cover up to the age of 55 (a) National Corridors Efficiency Improvement: Lane years subject to payment of premium. expansion, de-congestion of existing National Corridors Premium: Rs.330 per annum. It will be auto-debited in (b) Economic Corridors development: Connection of one instalment. economically important production & consumption Payment Mode: The payment of premium will be directly centres; 44 corridors identified auto-debited by the bank from the subscribers account. (c) Inter-corridor and Feeder routes development: Inter- Risk Coverage: Rs.2 Lakh in case of death for any reason. connection between different economic corridors, development of first mile & last mile connectivity Terms of Risk Coverage: A person has to opt for the (d) Coastal and Port Connectivity Roads: Connectivity scheme every year. He can also prefer to give a long-term to coastal areas to enable port-led economic option of continuing, in which case his account will be development & coastal tourism auto-debited every year by the bank. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 18 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 60. (b) Exp.: 61. (c) Exp.: 'Make in India' The Stand up India scheme aims at promoting The ‘Make in India’ program was started in 2014 on 25th entrepreneurship among SC/STs and woman September from Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi. It aims entrepreneurs, above 18 years of age. Hence, statement at promoting India as an important investment destination 1 is NOT correct. and a global hub for manufacturing, design and innovation. The ‘Make in India’ initiative does not target The scheme is implemented by Department of Financial manufacturing sector alone, but also aims at promoting Services (DFS), Ministry of Finance, Government of entrepreneurship in the country. The initiative is further India. Stand-Up India Scheme facilitates bank loans aimed at creating a conducive environment for investment, between Rs 10 lakh and Rs 1 crore to at least one modern and efficient infrastructure, opening up new Scheduled Caste (SC) or Scheduled Tribe (ST) borrower sectors for foreign investment and forging a partnership and at least one woman borrower per bank branch for between government and industry through positive mindset. Hence, statement 1 and 3 are correct. setting up a Greenfield enterprise.Loans under the scheme are available for only green field projects. Green field The following 25 sectors have been identified under the ‘Make in India’ initiative: signifies, in this context, the first-time venture of the 1. Auto Components beneficiary in the manufacturing or services or trading 2. Automobiles sector. Hence, statements 2 and 3 are correct. 3. Aviation This enterprise may be in manufacturing, services or the 4. Biotechnology trading sector. 5. Chemicals In case of non-individual enterprises, at least 51% of the 6. Construction shareholding and controlling stake should be held by 7. Defence Manufacturing either an SC/ST or woman entrepreneur. 8. Electrical Machinery 9. Electronic System Design and Manufacturing The initiative will also encourage young minds to come 10. Food Processing up with innovative ideas and create job opportunities in 11. Information Technology and Business Process the country. Management 62. (b) Exp.: 12. Leather Kisan Vikas Patra (KVP) is a saving instrument launched 13. Media and Entertainment by the Government of India on 1 April, 1988 and was 14. Mining distributed through post offices. It was discontinued in 15. Oil and Gas 16. Pharmaceuticals 2011 and later reintroduced in 2014. Hence, statement 1 17. Ports is correct. 18. Railways Its main objective was to provide safe and secure 19. Roads and Highways investment avenues to budding investors, wherein 20. Renewable Energy invested money doubled in the maturity period of 115 21. Space months. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. 22. Textiles However, investors would not get any tax benefit for their 23. Thermal Power investment in KVP. Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct. 24. Tourism and Hospitality 25. Wellness The Kisan Vikas Patra certificates are available in multiple denominations 1000/-, 5000/-, 10,000/- in all Post Offices Information Technology and Wellness are part of ‘Make in India’. Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. and INR. 50,000/- in all Head Post Offices. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 19 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 63. (b) Exp.: 65. (d) Exp.: Shala Asmita Yojana (SAY) - ASMITA (ALL SCHOOL The Ministry of Human Resource Development has set MONITORING INDIVIDUAL TRACING ANALYSIS) up the Rashtriya Avishkar Abhiyan (RAA), a convergent launched by the Ministry of Human Resource framework that aims at nurturing a spirit of inquiry and Development: creativity, love for Science and Mathematics and effective Objective - To track the educational journey of close to use of technology amongst children and encourage those 25 crore school students from Class I to Class XII across who show an inclination and talent for these subjects to the 15 lakh private and government schools in the country. reach heights of academic excellence and research. ASMITA will help track leakages and corruption in mid- day meals and other student benefit schemes. Purpose - Connecting school based knowledge to life outside the school and making learning of science and Salient features - Launched under Shala Asmita Yojana mathematics a joyful and meaningful activity. It aims to (SAY), ASMITA will be an online database which will focus on innovation, technology while inculcating a spirit carry information of student attendance and enrolment, learning outcomes, mid-day meal service and of inquiry, experimentation, creativity in students and infrastructural facilities among others. encourage them to have an enduring interest both inside and outside the classroom. Students will be tracked through their Aadhaar numbers (those not having unique number will be provided with Target Audience - It targets students in the age group of it). Hence, (b) is the correct option. 6 - 18 years studying in Government schools, Navodaya The success of the program hinges on states’ participation Vidyalayas, Kendriya Vidyalayass, open schools (for as local authorities will have to feed data on a daily basis children of 6-18 years), special schools andSpecial in the online tracking system. Training Centers. 64. (d) Exp.: Hence, option (d) is correct. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (Ministry of Petroleum 66. (b) Exp.: and Natural Gas): PM KISAN SAMPADA (Scheme for Agro-Marine Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) was launched Processing and Development of Agro-Processing by Prime Minister in 2016 from Ballia, Uttar Pradesh. It Clusters) aims to safeguard the health of women andchildren by providing them with a clean cooking fuel – LPG, so that It is a Ministry of Food Processing Industries umbrella they don’t have to compromise their health in smoky scheme incorporating ongoing schemes of the Ministry kitchens or wander in unsafe areas collecting firewood. like Mega Food Parks, Integrated Cold Chain and Value Hence, statement 1 is correct. Addition Infrastructure, Food Safety and Quality Under this scheme, 5 Cr LPG connections will be Assurance Infrastructure, etc. and also new schemes like provided to BPL families with a support of Rs.1600 per Infrastructure for Agro-Processing Clusters, Creation of connection. Ensuring women’s empowerment, especially Backward and Forward Linkages, Creation / Expansion in rural India, the connections will be issued in the name of Food Processing and Preservation Capacities. Hence, of women of the households. Rs. 8000 Cr. has been (b) is correct. allocated towards the implementation of the scheme. It will benefit 20 lakh farmers and generate 5, 30,500 Identification of the BPL families will be done through Socio Economic Caste Census Data. Hence, statement 2 direct/ indirect jobs in the country by the year 2019-20. is correct. 67. (c) Exp.: * NOTE *- In Budget 2018, target for Pradhan Mantri Sovereign Gold Bond (SGB) is government securities Ujjwala Yojana has been increased to 8 crore connections. denominated in grams of gold. They are substitutes for It will help in ‘ Make in India’ campaign as all the holding physical gold. Investors have to pay the issue manufacturer of cylinders, gas stoves, regulator and gas price in cash and the bonds will be redeemed in cash on hose are domestic maturity. The Bond is issued by Reserve Bank on behalf Hence, statement 3 is correct. of Government of India. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 20 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation Persons resident in India as defined under Foreign zzYour gold will be securely maintained by the bank. Exchange Management Act, 1999 are eligible to invest zzRedemption is possible in physical gold or rupees hence in SGB. Eligible investors include individuals, HUFs, giving your gold purchase further earning opportunity. trusts, universities, charitable institutions, etc. zzEarnings are exempt from capital gains tax, wealth tax The Bonds bear interest at the rate of 2.50 per cent (fixed and income tax. There will be no capital gains tax on the rate) per annum on the amount of initial investment. appreciation in the value of gold deposited, or on the Interest will be credited semi-annually to the bank account interest you make from it. of the investor and the last interest will be payable on zzGMS aims to reduce the Current Account Deficit by maturity along with the principal. making available unused domestic gold to the domestic Following are the benefits of SGB: market thus reducing the amount of gold imported to meet zzThe Sovereign Gold Bonds will be available both in the requirement of the domestic sector. Demat (Dematerialised which means in electronic form) zzGMS is also Implemented by RBI and paper form. Hence, statement 1 and 3 are correct. zzThe tenor of the bond is 8 years with option to exit in 5th, 6th and 7th years. 68. (a) Exp.: zzThey will carry sovereign guarantee both on the capital Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana is designed to invested and the interest. provide regular pension income to senior citizens, who zzBonds can be used as collateral for loans. are aged 60 years or more. There is no maximum age for entry in the scheme. The scheme can be purchased offline zzBonds would be allowed to be traded on exchanges to as well as online, through the Life Insurance Corporation allow early exits for investors who may so desire. of India (LIC), which has been given the sole rights to zzThe Capital gain tax arising on redemption of SGB to an operate it. The scheme provides an assured return of 8% individual is exempted. to 8.30% per annum, depending on whether you choose zzSGB aims to reduce the Current Account Deficit by to get your pensions on a monthly, quarterly, half-yearly reducing the amount of gold imported into the country or yearly basis. For the monthly option, the return is 8% and the consequent outflow of foreign exchange. and it is 8.30% for the annual option. The interest earned Gold Monetisation Scheme (GMS), which modified the is taxable. If a pensioner survives the policy term (10 pre existing ‘Gold Deposit Scheme’ (GDS) and ‘Gold years), its purchase price along with final pension Metal Loan Scheme (GML), is intended to mobilise gold instalments shall be payable. The scheme also allows held by households and institutions of the country and premature exit or withdrawal for treatment of any critical facilitate its use for productive purposes, and in the long or terminal illness of self or spouse. run, to reduce country’s reliance on the import of gold. Hence, (a) is the correct option. GMS is a gold savings account which will earn interest 69. (a) Exp:. for the gold that you deposit in it. Your gold can be deposited in any physical form – jewellery, coins or bars. “JIGYASA”, a student- scientist connect programme of This gold will then earn interest based on gold weight Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and and also the appreciation of the metal value. You get back Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS). The focus is on your gold in the equivalent of 999 fineness gold or Indian connecting school students and scientists so as to extend rupees as you desire (the option to be exercised at the student’s classroom learning with that of a very well time of deposit). Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. planned research laboratory based learning.“JIGYASA” would inculcate the culture of inquisitiveness on one hand Benefits: and scientific temper on the other, amongst the school zzThe gold monetisation scheme earns interest for your gold students and their teachers. The Programme is expected jewellery lying in your locker. Broken jewellery or to connect 1151 Kendriya Vidyalayas with 38 National jewellery that you don't want to wear can earn interest Laboratories of CSIR targeting 100,000 students and for you in gold. nearly 1000 teachers annually. zzCoins and bars can earn interest apart from the appreciation of value Hence, statement 1 is correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 21 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation The program will also enable the students and teachers 72. (a) Exp.: to practically live the theoretical concepts taught in zz“Sugamaya Pustakalaya” is an online platform that makes science by visiting CSIR laboratories and by participating accessible content available to print-disabled people. in mini-science projects. The model of engagement Hence, statement 1 is correct. includes: zzThe library houses publications across diverse subjects zzStudent Residential Programmes; and languages and multiple accessible formats. Hence, zzScientists as Teachers and Teachers as Scientists; statement 2 is NOT Correct zzLab specific activities / Onsite Experiments; zzIt integrates libraries across India and the Globe, including zzVisits of Scientists to Schools/Outreach Programmes; the largest international library, ‘Bookshare’. zzScience and Maths Clubs; zzIt has been created by Department of Empowerment of zzPopular Lecture Series/ demonstration programme at Persons with Disabilities (Divyangjan), Ministry of Social Schools; Justice and Empowerment in collaboration with member zzStudent Apprenticeship Programmes; organizations of Daisy Forum of India and powered by zzScience Exhibitions; TCS Access. zzProjects of National Children’s Science Congress; 73. (b) Exp.: zzTeacher Workshops; and zz“Mahila Police Volunteer Initiative”, launched by the zzTinkering Laboratories Ministry of Women and Child Development, envisages creation of a link between the police authorities and the Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. local communities in villages through police volunteers 70. (c) Exp.: who will be women specially trained for this purpose. Ministry of Health and Family Welfares’ “Mission Parivar zzThere will be at least one such volunteer in every village Vikas” will focus on 145 districts having the highest total whose primary job will be to keep an eye on situations fertility rates in the country. The main objective of where women in the village are harassed or their rights ‘Mission Parivas Vikas’ is to accelerate access to high and entitlements are denied or their development is quality family planning choices based on information, prevented. reliable services and supplies within a rights-based zzHaryana became the first state to adopt this scheme. framework. These 145 districts have been identified based Hence, (b) is the correct answer. on total fertility rate and service delivery (PPIUCD and Sterilization performance) for immediate, special and 74. (d) Exp.: accelerated efforts to reach the replacement level fertility zzThe Ministry of Power launched the ‘GARV-II’ App to goals of 2.1 by 2025. Recent data suggests that these 145 provide access to electricity to all households in the districts have TFR of more than/equal to 3.0 (56% of the country. 261 districts in the 7 HFS) and are home to 28% of India’s zzIt provides village-wise and habitation-wise base line population (about 33 Crores). data on household electrification for all States. Hence, Hence, (c) is the correct option. statement 1 is correct. zzThe status of village-wise works sanctioned under the 71. (d) Exp.: Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) Till now empanelment committees would select civil and release of funds to the States for these projects has servants for top jobs based on their annual progress been mapped in ‘GARV-II’ to monitor progress of works reports or confidentiality reports. These reports were in each village. Hence, statement 2 is correct. generated by just one person: the immediate boss of the zzThe progress is required to be updated by the implementing officer under review. agencies of the States on day to day basis. All data would Last year, the government broke away from tradition and be made available in public domain to ensure transparency, adopted the 360-degree feedback mechanism as a tool enhance accountability of various stakeholders and for elevation. Now, it also matters what your subordinates facilitate view of near real time progress. think of you and the stakeholders. zzThe Citizen Engagement Window ‘SAMVAD’ has been Hence, (d) is the correct option. created to enhance participation of public at large. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 22 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 75. (a) Exp.: ii. Reduce the prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia Shala Gunvatta (Shagun) Portal is a twin track approach (IDA) among adolescent girls and boys. to monitor progress of implementation of the various iii. Improve knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, in components of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) while also relation to Sexual and Reproductive Health. capturing and sharing of best practices from States and iv. Reduce teenage pregnancies. UTs. The portal has two parts v. Improve birth preparedness, complication readiness 1. Online Monitoring will capture the progress in and provide early parenting support for adolescent implementation. Regular updates of progress will parents. be available through dashboards to the Ministry and vi. Address mental health concerns of adolescents. States for internal monitoring. Some reports would Hence, statement 2 is correct. also be available in the public domain. vii. Promote favourable attitudes for preventing injuries 2. SSA Repository is a repository of innovative and violence (including Gender Based Violence) practices, success stories, evaluation reports, and among adolescents. interventions initiated across all the States and viii. Increase adolescents’ awareness of the adverse Union Territories in the area of Elementary effects and consequences of substance misuse. Education. ix. Promote behaviour change in adolescents to prevent non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, Hence, (3) is correct while (1) and (2) are NOT correct. stroke, cardio-vascular diseases and diabetes. 76. (b) Exp.: 77. (a) Exp.: zz“Rashtriya Kishore Swasthya Karyakram” was launched zzIndia’s rich cultural, historical, religious and natural by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on 7th heritage provides a huge potential for development of January, 2014. tourism and job creation in the country. There is a great zzThe new adolescent health strategy focuses on age groups scope and need to develop tourist circuits on specific 10-14 years and 15-19 years with universal coverage, i.e. themes to attract the tourists having special interest in males and females, urban and rural, in school and out of visiting such places. school, married and unmarried, and vulnerable and under- zzSuch theme based tourist circuits should be developed in served. a manner that supports communities, provides employment zzThe programme envisions enabling all adolescents in and fosters social integration without comprising upon India to realize their full potential by making informed the environmental concerns and provides unique and responsible decisions related to their health and well- experiences to the tourists. being and by accessing the services and support they need zzIn due recognition to this, Ministry of Tourism (MoT) to do so. launched the Swadesh Darshan Scheme (Central Sector zzThe Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) Scheme) for integrated development of theme based has developed a comprehensive strategy, based on the tourist circuits in the country in 2014-15. Hence, principles of participation, rights, inclusion, gender equity statement 1 is correct. and strategic partnerships. zzScheme Objectives: zzTo guide the implementation of this programme, MOHFW 1. Promote cultural and heritage value of the country in collaboration with United Nations Population Fund to generate livelihoods in the identified regions; (UNFPA) has developed a National Adolescent Health 2. Enhancing the tourist attractiveness in a sustainable Strategy. It realigns the existing clinic-based curative manner by developing world class infrastructure in approach to focus on a more holistic model based on a the circuit /destinations; continuum of care for adolescent health and developmental 3. Follow community based development and pro-poor needs. Hence, statement 3 is NOT correct. tourism approach; zzObjectives: 4. Creating awareness among the local communities i. Reduce the prevalence of malnutrition among about the importance of tourism for them in terms adolescent girls and boys. Hence, statement 1 is of increased sources of income, improved living correct. standards and overall development of the area. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 23 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 5. To create employment through active involvement zzThe effort is to enrich the teaching and learning of Science of local communities; and Mathematics at School level by addressing the three 6. Development of tourist facilitation services to dimensions of education - curriculum design, transaction enhance visitor experience/satisfaction. and assessments. zzTourist Circuit is defined as a route having at leastthree zzUnder this program, students are provided free offline / major tourist destinations which are distinct and apart. online resources through virtual weekend contact classes Hence, statement 2 is not correct. and study material on pre-loaded tablet for preparation of admission test to various premier engineering colleges 78. (c) Exp.: in the country. zzThe Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), launched in 2015, is an extended component of Soil Health Eligibility: Management (SHM) under the Centrally Sponsored zzThe program is open to Indian citizens residing in India Scheme (CSS), National Mission on Sustainable only. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Agriculture (NMSA). Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. zzAll girl students studying in classes XI only from zzPKVY aims at supporting and promoting organic farming. KendriyaVidyalayas/ NavodayVidyalays/ Government Hence, statement 1 is correct. Schools of any recognised Board/ CBSE affiliated private zzThe objective of the scheme is to produce agricultural schools in India are eligible to apply. products free from chemicals and pesticide residues by zzThe annual family income should be less than 6 lakhs per adopting eco- friendly, low- cost technologies. annum. zzPKVY promotes organic farming through a cluster 80. (d) Exp.: approach to adopt Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) zzUniversal Immunization Programme (UIP) is one of the Certification. PGS Certification facilitates farmers to key interventions for protection of children from life certify their organic produce, label and market their threatening conditions, which are preventable. It is one products domestically. of the largest immunization programme in the world and zzFifty or more farmers will form a cluster having 50 acre a major public health intervention in the country. land to take up the organic farming under the scheme. zzImmunization Programme in India was introduced in 1978 zzIn this way during three years 10,000 clusters will be as Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI). The formed covering 5.0 lakh acres under organic farming. programme gained momentum in 1985 and was expanded There will be no liability on the farmers for expenditure as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP). Hence, on certification. statement 1 is not correct. zzEvery farmer will be provided Rs. 20,000 per acre in three zzUIP became a part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood years for seed, harvesting of crops and transporting Programme in 1992. In 1996, Child Survival and Safe produce to the market. Motherhood Programme was closed and since, 1997, immunization activities have been an important zzOrganic farming will be promoted by using traditional component of National Reproductive and Child Health resources and the organic products will be linked with Programme and is currently one of the key areas under the market. National Rural Health Mission (since 2005). zzAt least 30% of the budget allocations need to be earmarked for women beneficiaries/ farmers. Hence, Hence, Statement 2 is NOT correct. statement 3 is correct. zzThe program consists of vaccination for 11 diseases: Tuberculosis, Pertussis, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, 79. (b) Exp.: Polio, Pneumonia and Meningitis due to Haemophilus zzUDAAN is a project launched by the Central Board of Influenza type B, Measles, Rubella, Rotavirus diarrhoea Secondary Education (CBSE) under the guidance of and Japanese Encephalitis. Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD). zzRecently, the National Technical Advisory Group on Hence, statement 1 is correct. Immunization (NTAGI), an advisory body that zzIt aims to address the low enrolment of girl students in recommends vaccines for India’s Universal Immunization prestigious engineering institutions and the teaching gap Programme (UIP), has given approval to the introduction between school education and engineering entrance of the Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in the examination. Hence, statement 3 is not correct. UIP. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 24 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 81. (a) Exp.: 83. (a) Exp.: zzFoot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is one of the most zzThe ambitious “Urja Ganga” gas pipe line project aims economically devastating contagious viral diseases to provide piped cooking gas to residents in Varanasi. affecting all susceptible cloven-footed animals. Hence, Hence, statement 1 is correct. statement 1 is not correct. zzIt aims to provide piped cooking gas (PNG) to residents zzIn order to prevent economic losses due to Foot and Mouth of the eastern region of the country and Compressed Disease, a location specific programme called ‘Foot and Natural Gas (CNG) for the vehicles. Mouth Disease Control Programme (FMD-CP)’ has been zzUrja Ganga would create enabling infrastructure for city under implementation since 10th Plan Period. Gradually gas distribution (CGD) in seven cities — Varanasi, FMD-CP was expanded during 11th and 12th Plan Period. Bhubaneswar, Cuttack, Kolkata, Patna, Ranchi and zzAs of now, it covers 351 Districts in 13 States and 6 UTs Jamshedpur. It would also revive three large fertiliser i.e. Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Kerala, units at Gorakhpur (UP), Barauni (Bihar) and Sindri Tamil Nadu, Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, (Jharkhand) and help industrialise at least 20 cities. Karnataka, Goa, Rajasthan, Bihar, Puducherry, Delhi, Andaman and Nicobar, Dadar and Nagar Haveli, Daman zzThe 2,539-km-long pipeline project is also known as the and Diu, and Lakshadweep. Jagdishpur-Haldia/Bokaro-Dhamra Pipeline (JHBDPL). zzThe scope of the programme will be extended to cover zzThe project is being implemented by the state-run gas remaining States in a phased manner so as to have utility GAIL (Gas Authority of India Limited). Hence, geographically contiguous areas to yield desired results statement 2 is not correct. for the creation of FMD Free Zones depending upon 84. (c) Exp.: availability of resources. zzThe Zero Defect Zero Effect (ZED) Scheme aims to: zz16 States and one UT are yet to be covered under intensive FMD vaccination. It has been decided to take up FMD i. Develop an ecosystem for zero defect vaccination in these States under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas manufacturing in MSMEs. Yojana (RKVY). ii. Promote adaptation of quality tools/systems and zzHumans can be infected with foot and mouth disease energy efficient manufacturing. through contact with infected animals, but this is iii. Enable MSMEs for manufacturing of quality extremely rare. The virus that causes FMD is sensitive to products. stomach acid. Thus, it cannot spread to humans via iv. Encourage MSMEs to constantly upgrade their consumption of infected meat, except in the mouth before quality standards in products and processes. the meat is swallowed. Hence, statement 2 is correct. v. Drive manufacturing with adoption of Zero Defect 82. (b) Exp.: production processes and without impacting the zz“Asli Tarakki” is a new campaign for Swachh Bharat environment (Zero Effect). Mission launched by the Ministry of Urban Development. vi. Support ‘Make in India’ campaign. Hence, (b) is the correct option. vii. Develop professionals in the area of ZED zzIt is aimed at sanitising six cities of the National Capital manufacturing and certification. Region (NCR). It will be replicated in other states if it zzThe ZED Maturity Assessment Model has been succeeds. conceived and structured to offer graded benchmark levels zzAbout 450 young men and women with “communication of an organisation’s performance through a set of skills and leadership qualities” have been selected as “lead standards. motivators” to spread awareness on Swachh Bharat zzThere will be sector-specific assessment parameters for Mission. each industry such as food processing, textiles, leather zzThe 450 youth have been engaged to spread the message etc. of ‘Asli Tarakki’ (suggesting that having and using toilet zzQuality Council of India (QCI) has been appointed as should be a major priority), to encourage people to take the National Monitoring and Implementing Unit (NMIU) Swachh Bharat Pledge for a clean India and to inform for implementation of ZED. targeted beneficiaries about the government support for building individual, community and public toilets. zzHence, both statements 1 and 2 are correct. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 25 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 85. (b) Exp.: 87. (b) Exp.: zzHimalayan region has the largest concentration of glaciers SAATHI (Sustainable and Accelerated Adoption of outside the polar caps, as this region is aptly called the efficient Textile technologies to Help small Industries). “Water Tower of Asia” is the source of the 10 major river Under this initiative, Energy Efficiency Services Limited systems that provide irrigation, power and drinking water (EESL), a public sector entity under the administrative for over 700 million people living in India, Pakistan and control of Ministry of Power, would procure energy Bangladesh– nearly 10% of the world’s population. efficient Powerlooms, motors and Rapier kits in bulk and zzUnderstanding the behaviour of these glaciers and their provide them to the small and medium Powerloom units contribution to the sustainable supply of water for at no upfront cost. mankind and agriculture is one of the grand challenges Hence, statement 1 is correct and statement 3 is not of Indian scientific community. correct. zzAs part of the Indian government’s initiatives to better The use of the efficient equipments would result in energy study and quantify the Himalayan glacier responses savings and cost savings to the unit owner and he would towards the climate change, National Centre for repay in instalments to EESL over a 4 to 5 year period. Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), Goa, under This is the aggregation, bulk procurement and financing the Ministry of Earth Sciences has established a high model that EESL has successfully deployed in several altitude research station in Himalaya called HIMANSH sectors like LED bulbs, Smart Meters and Electric (literally meaning, a slice of ice). Hence, statement 2 is Vehicles. The unit owner neither has to allocate any correct while statement 3 is not correct. upfront capital cost to procure these equipments nor does zzIt is situated above 13,500 ft (> 4000 m) at a remote region it have to allocate additional expenditure for repayment in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh. Hence, statement 1 is not as the repayments to EESL are made from the savings correct. that accrue as a result of higher efficiency equipments and cost savings. The aggregation of demand and bulk 86. (c) Exp.: procurement will also lead to reduction in capital cost, “Pt Deen Dayal Upadhayay Vigyan Gram Sankul benefits of which will be passed on to the Powerloom Pariyojana” will experiment and endeavour to formulate units so that their repayment amount and period would and implement appropriate Science and Technology reduce. Interventions for Sustainable Development through Hence, statement 2 is correct. cluster approach in Uttarakhand. 88. (d) Exp.: Hence, statement 1 is correct. Bharat QR code is an interoperable payment acceptance Department of Science and Technology will adopt a few solution that supports Visa, MasterCard, Amex, RuPay clusters of villages in Uttarakhand and transform them cards and BHIM-UPI for wider acceptance. Bharat QR to become self-sustainable in a time bound manner code will enable rapid rollout of digital payments through the tools of Science and Technology. The key acceptance infrastructure throughout the country, as it deliverable in this approach is to utilise local resources does not involve any upfront investment in Point of Sale and locally available skill sets and convert them in a (PoS) machine. manner using science and technology, that substantial Hence, (d) is the correct option. value addition takes place in their local produce and To facilitate massive rollout in a short span of time, Bharat services which can sustain the rural population locally. QR code based payment solution is introduced with Further, the local communities are not compelled to following advantages: migrate from their native places in search of jobs and 1. Bharat QR code does not require any upfront livelihoods. Once this concept is validated in the few expenditure. selected clusters, it can be replicated across large number 2. Bharat QR code is a single unified QR code capable of village clusters in the country. of accepting payments from Visa, MasterCard, Hence, statement 2 is correct. RuPay Cards for wider acceptance. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 26 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 3. Customer can easily make payments through Bharat The portal hosts technical details of over 14.5 lakh base QR code and does not require to carry physical stations (BTSs) spread across the country of all Debit or Credit card. technologies (2G, 3G, 4G etc.) and of all Telecom Service 4. The risk of data theft or security issues through Providers (TSPs). tampered or cyber-compromised point of sale 90. (b) Exp.: devices is minimised. 5. Bharat QR code supports dynamic QR codes, which National Consumer Helpline (NCH) is a project of the may be printed on electricity bills, gas bills and Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public other utility bills to make payments to the respective Distribution and has recently been shifted from University vendors. of Delhi to the Indian Institute of Public Administration. 6. Merchants accepting the payment through Bharat The project recognizes the need of consumers for a QR code, receives the amount directly in their Bank Telephone Helpline to deal with a multitude of problems accounts. arising in their day-to-day dealings with business and 89. (b) Exp.: service providers. Tarang Sanchar is a a web portal for information sharing NCH provides a National Toll Free No-1800-11-4000. on Mobile Towers and Electromagnetic frequency (EMF) A consumer can call to seek information, advice or Emission Compliance. guidance for his queries and complaints Hence, statement 1 is correct. It advises consumers on dealing with problems related to It has been developed in Public Private Partnership (PPP) defective products, deficiency in services and unfair trade mode by Department of Telecommunications (Ministry practices. The Helpline follows a three-tier approach. of Communications) with Industry. 1. First the consumer is informed of his rights in a Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. particular consumer problem and who s/he should Through the portal, public can access the following approach in the concerned company or the services. organization. Locate mobile towers in vicinity of any locality 2. If the problem remains unresolved s/he would be - A public interface where an easy map-based search directed to take up the matter with industry level feature has been provided for viewing the mobile bodies or chambers of commerce, industry towers in vicinity of any locality. regulators (as they exist in sectors like insurance Locate mobile towers with their EMF Safety and banking) or Govt. officials who are in charge Status based on your current location - For users who access through GPS enabled PC / Tablets / of the relevant industrial sector. Mobiles. 3. As a last resort, the consumers will be advised to EMF Measurement Request by Public - Any take their case to consumer courts under the person can request for EMF emission measurement Consumers Protection Act. This helpline is designed at a location by paying a nominal fee of Rs 4000/- to promote avenues of out of court settlement of online. The tests will be conducted by the local consumer disputes and resultantly helps to reduce Telecom Enforcement Resource and Monitoring the burden on consumer courts. (TERM) field unit of Department of Hence, statement 1 is correct. Telecommunication (DoT)and the test report will be provided to the requestor. The website JagograhakJago.com is owned and operated by Consumer Online Foundation (COF) Hence, statement 3 is correct. which is a NGO founded by Bejon Misra, who has been Learning resources on EMF - The portal also has actively agitating for more than 30 years for the ‘EMF Overview’ and ‘Learn’ Sections, which empowerment of the Indian Consumer. After few initial provide numerous articles, booklets and videos, to years of lobbying, in 1986, the Indian Parliament adopted further educate the citizens about EMF and coverage the Consumer Protection Act and provided a legal face of telecom service. to the Indian consumer. It was under Consumer 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 27 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation Coordination Council, that the Jago Grahak Jago the lowest level of detail without compromising on the campaing is implemented by the Government of India. privacy of the service-seeker or the security and integrity It has a 24×7 toll free helpline number, 1800-11-4424. of the application software. zzeTaal offers the convenience of getting real-time count Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct. of e-Transactions through mobile phones using INGRAM (consumerhelpline.gov.in) Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) codes. This website has been launched by the Department of Hence, statement 2 is correct. Consumer Affairs to create awareness, advise and redress 93. (b) Exp.: consumer grievances and act as a central registry for zzThe National Sports Talent Search Scheme (NSTSS) has lodging consumer complaints. been formulated by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Hence, statement 3 is correct. Sports for identification of sporting talent among students all over the country (in the age group of 8-12 years) who 91. (a) Exp.: possess inborn qualities such as anthropometric, physical Udyog Aadhaar Memorandum (UAM) is a path breaking and physiological capabilities without any anatomical step to promote ease-of-doing-business for MSMEs in infirmities.Hence, statement 1 is not correct. India as the UAM replaces the filing of Entrepreneurs’ zzThe scheme aims at nurturing of the sporting potential / Memorandum (EM part-I & II) with the respective States/ talent in District level Sports schools / Central Sports UTs. The cumbersome filing of EM has now been Schools / National Sports Academies etc., to make them dispensed with and the entrepreneurs in the MSME sector excel at the national and international sports competitions. just need to file online, a simple one-page UAM to This will help broaden the pool of sportspersons in the instantly get a unique Udyog Aadhaar Number (UAN). country. The information sought is on self-certification basis and zzUnder this Scheme, the Ministry of Youth Affairs and no supporting documents are required at the time of online sports has launched Sports Talent Search Portal to spot filing of UAM. the best talent from among the young population of the Hence, (a) is the correct option. country. All interested citizens can apply online using the The salient features of the Udyog Aadhaar Memorandum portal for various schemes of the Sports Authority of India are as under: (SAI). Hence, statement 2 is correct. Single Page Online Registration-Mobile friendly zzThe scheme envisages to cover all schools in different Self-Certification States / UTs throughout the country (both rural and urban) for a period of five years from 2015-16 to 2019-20.Hence, File more than one Udyog Aadhaar statement 3 is correct. No documents required No fees for Udyog Aadhaar 94. (a) Exp.: zzThe ‘SWAYAM Prabha’, launched by the Ministry of 92. (c) Exp.: Human Resource Development, is a group of 32 DTH zzeTaal, launched by the Department of Electronics and channels devoted to telecasting of high-quality educational Information Technology (Ministry of Communications programmes on 24X7 basis using the GSAT-15 satellite. and Information Technology), is a web portal for It is one of the digital initiatives taken under the National dissemination of e-Transaction statistics of Central and Mission on Education through Information and State level e-Governance Projects, including Mission Communication Technology. Hence, (a) is the correct Mode Projects. It receives transaction statistics from web option. based applications periodically on near real time basis. zzEvery day, there will be new content for at least 4 hours Hence, statement 1 is correct. which would be repeated 5 more times in a day, allowing zz‘eTaal’ automatically pulls the e-Transaction count from the students to choose the time of their convenience. applications integrated with it using Web Services zzThe channels are uplinked from Bhaskaracharya Institute technology. The dashboard also facilitates quick analysis for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG), of transaction data of various applications in tabular as Gandhinagar. The Information and Library Network well as graphical form enabling the user to drill down to (INFLIBNET) Centre maintains the web portal. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 28 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation zzThe DTH Channels shall cover the following: 96. (c) Exp.: (a) Higher Education: Curriculum-based course zzThe nature of horticulture crops is such that it is not easy contents at post-graduate and under-graduate level to make assessment of their production. These crops, covering diverse disciplines such as arts, science, especially vegetables are grown in small plots, fields or in the back of the houses, do not have single harvesting commerce, performing arts, social sciences and in most of the cases which makes their assessment humanities, engineering, technology, law, medicine, difficult. Many horticulture crops have multiple pickings agriculture, etc. in a single season. Similarly many fruit trees are scattered, (b) School education (9-12 levels): modules for which do not count for assessment. teacher's training as well as teaching and learning zzIn view of these difficulties, Department of Agriculture, aids for children of India to help them understand Cooperation & Farmers Welfare (under Ministry of the subjects better and also help them in preparing Agricuture and Farmers Welfare) has launched project for competitive examinations for admissions to CHAMAN (acronym for Coordinated Horticulture professional degree programmes. Assessment and Management using geo-informatics). (c) Curriculum-based courses that can meet the needs zzUnder this project, sound methodology for estimation of of life-long learners of Indian citizens in India and horticulture crops is being developed and implemented abroad. on pilot basis using Sample Survey methodology and (d) Assist students (class 11th & 12th) prepare for Remote Sensing technology: competitive exams. (i) Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute 95. (a) Exp.: (IASRI) has developed a Sample Survey zzThe Ministry of Power has launched Pradhan Mantri methodology for estimation of area and production Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana –“Saubhagya”, to ensure in respect of major horticulture. electrification of all willing households in the country. (ii) Another project for area and production assessment zzThe objective of the ‘Saubhagya’ is to provide energy of seven major horticulture crops through Remote access to all by last mile connectivity and electricity Sensing is being carried out by Mahalanobis connections to all remaining un-electrified households in National Crop Forecast Centre (MNCFC). Besides rural as well as urban areas to achieve universal household estimation of crops, MNCFC is carrying out several electrification in the country. developmental studies and is also conducting some zzThe Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC) is research studies for precision farming and developing signatures for horticulture crops like the nodal agency for the operationalisation of the scheme vegetables, being grown in smaller plots, for their throughout the country. Hence, statement 1 is correct. assessment. zzThe beneficiaries for free electricity connections would be identified using Socio Economic and Caste Census Hence, (c) is the correct option. zz (SECC) 2011 data. Hence, statement 2 is correct. Using remote sensing technology to study soil conditions, land use, weather and cropping patter, the Centre has zzUn-electrified households not covered under the SECC chosen 185 districts across the country where seven data would also be provided electricity connections under selected crops are being promoted. Different states have the scheme on payment of Rs. 500 which shall be been divided into different groups to grow banana, mango, recovered by DISCOMs in 10 instalments through citrus fruits, potato, tomato, onion and chilli. electricity bill. zzUnder CHAMAN, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, zzThere is no provision in the scheme to provide free power Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra have been identified to any category of consumers. The cost of electricity as the major banana-growing states. Mango cultivation consumption shall have to be paid by the respective is being promoted in Andhra, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, consumers as per prevailing tariff of the DISCOM/Power Karnataka and Telangana, while onion is the focus for Department. Hence, statement 3 is not correct. Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 29 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 97. (c) Exp.: zzObjectives of the National Civil Aviation Policy: zzPradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G), under (i) Establish an integrated eco-system which will lead Ministry of Rural Development, aims at providing a pucca to significant growth of civil aviation sector, which house, with basic amenities, to all houseless householder in turn would promote tourism, increase employment and those households living in kutcha and dilapidated and lead to a balanced regional growth. house, by 2022. The immediate objective is to cover 1.00 (ii) Ensure safety, security and sustainability of aviation crore household living in kutcha house/dilapidated house sector through the use of technology and effective in three years from 2016-17 to 2018- 19. Hence, statement monitoring. 1 is correct. (iii) Enhance regional connectivity through fiscal support zzThe unit assistance has been increased from Rs. 70,000 and infrastructure development. to Rs. 1.20 lakh in plain and from Rs75,000 to Rs 1.30 (iv) Enhance ease of doing business through deregulation, simplified procedures and e-governance. lakh in hilly states, difficult areas and IAP (Integrated Action Plan) districts. The cost of unit assistance is to be (v) Promote the entire aviation sector chain in a harmonised manner covering MRO (maintenance, shared between Central and State Government in the ratio repair and operations), general aviation, aerospace 60:40 in plain areas and 90:10 for North Eastern and the manufacturing and skill development. Himalayan States. Hence, statement 2 is correct. (vi) Increase cargo volume by 4 times to 10 million zzPMAY-G selects beneficiary using housing deprivation tonnes by 2027. Hence, statement 2 is correct. parameters in the Socio Economic and Caste Census zz5/20 Requirement has been replaced with a scheme (SECC), 2011 date which is to be verified by the Gram which provides a level playing field. All airlines can now Sabhas. commence international operations provided that they zzProgramme implementation and monitoring is to be deploy 20 aircraft or 20% of total capacity (in term of carried out through an end to end e-Governance model average number of seats on all departures put together), whichever is higher for domestic operations. using: (i) AwaasSoft: a work –flow enabled, web-based 99. (a) Exp.: zz electronic service delivery platform through which The Campaign “Operation Muskaan-II” was launched by the Union Ministry of Home Affairs from 1st July, 2016 all critical function of PMAY-G, right from to 31st July, 2016. Under this campaign, missing children identification of beneficiary to providing and those found abandoned were rescued and reunited construction linked assistance will be carried out. with their families. Hence, (a) is the correct option. (ii) AwaasApp: the mobile application is to be used to zzA special team comprising officials of the district children monitor real time, evidence based progress of house protection office, social welfare department, police construction through date and time stamped and department, differently abled welfare office, labour geo-referenced photographs of the house. department, Childline 1098 and NGOs had been zzPMAY-G is a major step forward in bringing together constituted for “Operation Muskaan-II”. Skill India, Digital India, Make In India and Pradhan zzA total of 1261 children including 18 trafficked children Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). The programme were rescued by Railway Protection Force from railway provides for skilling 5 lakh Rural Masons by 2019 and premises and trains during this campaign. allows over 200 different housing designs across the zzDuring the operation, the particulars of such identified country based on a detailed study of housing typologies, children were uploaded on the 'Missing child' portal of environmental hazards and the households’ requirements. the Ministry of Women and Child Development by the respective State Police. 98. (c) Exp.: zzRehabilitation measures, whenever needed, were taken zzIndia’s booming economy and growing middle class have up in coordination with the other line Departments like helped to make it the world’s fastest-growing air travel Department of Women & Child Development, Police, market. India is the ninth largest civil aviation market in Labour, etc so that scope of re-victimization would be the world. The National Civil Aviation Policy, under eliminated. It has also been emphasized that public Ministry of Civil Aviation aims to make India the third awareness should be increased by way of national largest by 2022. Hence, statement 1 is correct. campaign, advertisement on national media, etc. 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 30 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation 100. (c)Exp.: Eligibility for Cash Assistance: zzJanani SurakshaYojana (JSY) of the Ministry of Health LPS States All pregnant women delivering in Government and Family Welfare is a 100% centrally sponsored scheme Health centers like Sub-center, PHC/CHC/ which is being implemented with the objective of FRU/general wards of District and state reducing maternal and infant mortality by promoting Hospitals or accredited private institutions. institutional delivery among pregnant women. Hence, HPS States statement 1 is correct. BPL pregnant Women, aged 19 years and above LPS & All SC and ST woman delivering in a zzIt is a scheme under the National Rural Health Mission HPS government health centre like Sub-centre, (NHM). Hence, statement 2 is correct. PHC/CHC/FRU/ general ward of District and zz The scheme focuses on poor pregnant woman with a state Hospitals or accredited private institutions. special dispensation for states that have low institutional zzUnder the JSY, eligible pregnant women are entitled for delivery rates, namely, the states of Uttar Pradesh, cash assistance. It will also provide antenatal care during Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, the pregnancy period, institutional care during delivery Chhattisgarh, Assam, Rajasthan, Orissa, and Jammu and and immediate post-partum period in a health centre by Kashmir. While these states have been named Low establishing a system of coordinated care by field level Performing States (LPS) under the scheme, the remaining health workers. states have been named High Performing states (HPS). zzThe scheme also provides performance based incentives Target Group: to women health volunteers known as ASHA (Accredited zzAll pregnant women belonging to the below poverty line Social Health Activist) for promoting institutional (BPL) households of the age of 19 years or above and delivery among pregnant women. having up to two live births. zzCash Assistance for Institutional Delivery zzNote: The benefits would be extended to all women from Category Rural Area Total Urban Area Total BPL families of 10 low performing states and the states Mother's Asha's Mother's Asha's Rs. Rs. of Assam and Jammu and Kashmir even after the third Package Package Package Package live birth if the mother, of her own accord chooses to undergo sterilization in the health facility where she LPS 1400 600 2000 1000 200 1200 delivered, immediately after the delivery. HPS 700 200 900 600 200 800 641, First Floor, Mukherjee Nagar, Delhi-9 31 Cont.: 011-47532596, 8750187501 (+91) 8130392354, 8130392356 E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.drishtiias.com, Facebook : https://www.facebook.com/drishtithevisionfoundation Copyright – Drishti The Vision Foundation