173 Upper Street, London N1 1RG, Tel: +44 (0) 20 7359 7728 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7359 4081 Email: [email protected] Web: www.c-r.org Annual review 2007 UK registered charity number 1055436. Printed on Revive 75 Special Silk recycled paper. Conciliation Resources works to prevent violence, promote justice and transform conflict into opportunities for development. Preparing the ground Our goals are to: • support people working at local, national and international levels to develop effective solutions to social, economic and political problems related to violent conflicts for peace • provide opportunities for dialogue and improved relationships within communities and across conflict divides at all social and political levels In partnership with local organizations, Conciliation Resources (CR) is working to promote societies 'that do • influence governments and other decision makers to employ not commit violence against their members', to quote conflict transformation policies that promote alternatives to violence peacemaker Adam Curle. Our programme strategies set • improve peacemaking practice and policies by promoting learning out practical goals to help improve the conditions for from peace processes around the world conflict transformation and involve engaging over the long term, alongside official processes, at different • challenge stereotypes and increase public awareness of human social and political levels. Andy Carl talking rights, conflict and peace issues in divided societies Arch with John B To give a picture of what this has meant in practice, bishop of G aptist Odam Re ulu and Ch a, our 2007 Review takes a thematic perspective. For CR, ligious Lea air of the A ders Peace choli preparing the ground for peace means encouraging our northe Initiative, rn Ugandan one of Who we are people to talk and build relationships across conflict partners. Conciliation Resources (CR) is an international non-governmental divides. It involves working with partners to challenge stereotypes and increase awareness of deeply organization registered in the UK as a charity (no. 1055436). In 2007 we also stepped up our commitment to contested issues. It includes promoting greater civic We work mainly in the Caucasus, and West Africa in influencing policy on peacemaking, encouraging in participation in making political decisions about partnership with local and international civil society organizations particular the UK government as one of our important peacemaking, as well as strengthening communities’ and governments, and are involved in projects in Colombia, and partners, to strengthen its support for peace processes abilities for managing their conflicts without violence. the . We also publish Accord: an international review of worldwide. The stories highlighted in the following pages are just a peace initiatives. Our funding is through grants from governments, So, along with our many colleagues and supporters – few examples of the many important initiatives we have independent trusts and foundations. you know who you are and we thank you all – CR will worked on in 2007. As in previous years, our focus hold on to our ideals and carry on refusing to tolerate remains in the southern Caucasus, the Mano River violence, injustice and inequality, always believing that sub-region of West Africa, northern Uganda and change is possible. southern , with other initiatives in India/Pakistan (Kashmir), Fiji, -Aceh, Colombia and the Philippines. In all these places, it was another year of tumult or transition. Contents Drawing on our work in these regions, we continue Preparing the ground for peace 3 Where we work 4 Strengthening community 6 to serve the global need to learn from practical Building relationships through dialogue 8 Learning from peacemaking experience 10 experiences of overcoming violent conflict. Through the Challenging stereotypes and increasing awareness 12 Promoting greater civic participation 14 Accord publication series and our wider comparative Influencing policy and analysis 16 Organizational development and plans for 2008 18 learning work, we are building a body of knowledge on Andy Carl Summarized accounts 20 CR board, staff and associates 2007 23 the hard-won lessons of conflict resolution. Executive Director

Commissioned cover illustration by Lasse Skarbovik/Stockholm Illustration.

conciliation resources annual review 2007 3 Where we work

d Kingdom Unite cy work and advoca our policy ent In 2007 UK governm n improving focused o sses. We eace proce pport for p and policy su king paper shed a wor publi missions to made sub es. brief and licy initiativ ernment po various gov West Africa ’s peaceful n ierra Leone akista pines Despite S elative ndia/P Philip 2007 and r I violence The ween the lections in eria, of political e talks bet e bility in Lib igh levels ed ss in peac Moro conflict sta e H the disput Progre nt and the post- th and acut ed 2007 in did s governme chised you mark , where we Philippine (MILF) disenfran threats to of Kashmir in tion Front in serious regions cal turmoil amic Libera al in verty rema sts against work. Politi Isl cts for a de po olent prote xploratory lenges. The sed prospe ith the g peace. Vi ead e to the chal increa ate talks w lastin t left 130 d s tan added s to ever separ governmen e ucasu Pakis ss continue 2008, how Philippines ’s opardize th Ca is on the eace proce rty of the ty could je e Caucasus official p ll, though munist Pa lled. We d its fragili agreement focus in th gorny political lu Com mained sta an ew peace Our zia and Na perience a portant PA-NDF) re region. A n ar over Abkha 30 ex several im (CPP-N CARHRIHL entire a four-ye conflicts p with over have been he Sulong voire ended partnershi there . ork with t eace, in Côte d’I country’s arabakh. In fferent initiatives w ogram on P se but the K work at di civil peace ork, the Pr ights at tical impas ful izations we conflict netw d Human R poli its success organ across the tization an nd epends on cal society and d Democra ilippines a future d ork with lo levels in t causes an y of the Ph tion. We w kle the roo l e Universit ople plementa iberia and ides to tac icts. Officia th to help pe im a Leone, L div these confl Mindanaw from ers in Sierr and uences of haz Balay king learn partn uild peace conseq orgian-Abk n peacema egion to b e, s in the Ge 007 involved i the sub-r ngful justic negotiation talled in 2 sewhere. s to meani remained s erience el cure acces ities and ce process er exp se or commun pea as made ov ally for po ch as progress w t in especi groups su and no itical unres ly excluded rabakh. Pol traditional mbatants. agorny Ka lections in and ex-co N 2007 and e th, women gia in late an in you Geor nd Azerbaij , Armenia a Georgia plicate the kely to com 2008 are li ce. Fiji ath of ia rch for pea the afterm lomb sea ar began in Fiji’s Co in 2007 in The ye his time by was made r coup – t ted le progress e yet anothe 06. Presen Litt between th dan ceh cember 20 shing talks nd Su sia-A litary in De to right establi nt and the nda a ndone een mi campaign governme Uga s in I ment betw cial justice oup in Colombian es of cal partner eace agree as a so tion by a c rmed Forc ork with lo Sudan he 2005 p t and the set in mo olutionary A e with We w southern T governmen the wrongs ly divisive Rev and dialogu Uganda and ndonesian nded d profound ia (FARC), ) northern conflict the I nt (GAM) e 0, it has ha active Colomb Army (ELN tion to the h Moveme d 200 Fiji and its l Liberation h find a solu nment and Free Ace s of arme ences for ners, he Nationa e work wit to dan gover ree decade consequ rt our part t results. W n the Ugan ). ore than th an Accord . We suppo ved limited nd betwee Army (LRA m developing ivil society l Forum, in achie elopment a Resistance s t. We are c nstitutiona ute for Dev ved the Lord’s lationship conflic ments the itizens’ Co n to the Instit eople invol building re that docu nd the C ctive retur to help p involves re y the publication greement a g a constru ace Studies experience This s divided b g to this a promotin Pe earn from ommunitie al cess leadin ing cemaking l among c g transition pro peacebuild mocracy. in pea supportin es ongoing de . iolence and examin elsewhere v s. In 2007 . e initiative talks challenges justic iated peace ionally med are internat ogress and de great pr in Juba ma for peace. est chance n as the b th parties see whether bo hallenge is es to The c it themselv and comm t. will sign l agreemen ng the fina implementi

4 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 5 Lasting peace needs commitment from political leaders but CASE STUDY: “Now I have heard about the registration problems directly from the NEC, I understand and I'm not going to must also be rooted in communities. This is especially Promoting violence-free elections be so angry,” said one BRA member. “My heart is calm.” important when armed conflict has happened at a local level In the run up to Sierra Leone’s August 2007 elections, Wearing ‘violence-free elections’ t-shirts, the BRA between people who live side-by-side. Conciliation Resources the potential for violence among young people was campaigned in lorry parks, an important meeting point and its partners reach out to groups most vulnerable to violence considered especially high in Bo and Kenema Districts. for young workers. They shared information and leaflets about the elections and the importance of avoiding Our Youth in Progress project found that a deep lack of and strengthens their skills to tackle conflicts peacefully. violence. understanding about the electoral process was causing great frustration and anger among youths. Working with Local radio reported positively on the campaign, and one of the country’s largest youth associations, the Bike youth drama groups performed short plays in the lorry Riders Association (BRA), and several Bo drama groups we parks, markets and schools, portraying the downside of developed a Youth-to-Youth Campaign for Violence-Free political intimidation and violence. These were followed by Elections to help them learn how the elections worked. open discussions. Strengthening We co-organized a training day with presentations from Community elders were impressed. “It is good that this the National Electoral Commission (NEC), the Sierra kind of sensitization has been begun by the bike riders Leone Police and the Office of National Security. It themselves, a group vulnerable to violence,” said one. “If increased youth representatives’ understanding and people see them talking about violence-free elections, community peacebuilding helped develop a relationship with the security and their colleagues and friends will take caution.” electoral authorities.

In 2007 our partners continued their pioneering work in Sierra Leone through local ‘peace monitors’, who have resolved more than 1000 community conflicts during and since the country’s decade-long war. In Uganda, networks of ‘peace committees’ and paralegals working in camps for internally displaced people (IDPs) helped mediate disputes and raised awareness of human rights and conflict-related issues. In the South Caucasus we supported various non-governmental organizations working with young people, women and IDPs. To strengthen grassroots peacebuilding initiatives in all these places we also helped partners with organizational development, financial management and strategic planning.

CASE STUDY: UGANDA demanding the school denounce the ugly reference and Peacebuilding in northern take action on anyone using this term again.” The returnee students presented a letter to the Principal, Uganda’s schools explaining they felt stigmatized. Fearing violence, he called the police but also talked with the students. In northern Uganda, many young people have been both perpetrators and victims of the 21-year conflict between “Thereafter an assembly was called, the school denounced the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) and the Ugandan the ugly reference and decreed anyone using it would be government. punished. The students were happy with the response and instantly ended their strike, so the police left.” Our partner, the Justice and Peace Commission (JPC), has been working with students to get them involved in Everybody was surprised at the outcome. “The teachers peacebuilding in their communities and schools. believe they owe this to the peace clubs that impart problem-solving skills to schools in the region,” Efforts to teach them non-violent problem-solving skills says Richard Kidega. through student peace clubs have brought positive results. In Kitgum district, for example, a name-calling incident triggered a dispute between some former LRA abductees who had returned to school and fellow students. The Members returnees arranged a potentially violent strike targeting of the Bike Associ Riders ation, made the community and school. ex-c up mostly ombatants, of th held rallies “When the speaker of the peace club in their school – rough local and drove towns talki himself a formerly abducted person – learnt of this he Stude public abo ng to the nt peace c ut their com began to persuade them to avoid any violence in any ha lubs in nor refrain mitment t ve helped thern Ugan from violen o improve un da and ce to ensu action they intended to take,” explains Richard Kidega, young peo derstandin fair electio re free ple throug g between ns in Sierra JPC’s programme officer. on hum h training a Leone. an rights a nd debates has nd conflict “Together they explored the possible courses of action also helped resolution a ease frict . This within their reach and resolved to stage a sit-down strike, nd displac ion betwe ed people. en youths © Rosalind Hanson-Alp 6 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 7 Dialogue between people with different experiences of a CASE STUDY: GEORGIA-ABKHAZIA Although challenging and painful at times, the discussions allowed the young people to hear about each other’s violent conflict can lead to shared understanding of complex Talking with the enemy lives, aspirations, hopes and fears. According to one problems. Conciliation Resources enables difficult discussions Young Georgians and Abkhaz with little memory of life Georgian student: and exchanges to take place in all its work. This helps build before the 1992-93 war are increasingly ignorant about “I have realized that, despite spending almost all my life in trust and communication between people divided by war, the ‘other side’. While the internet allows some contact a conflict zone, I knew very little about the conflict. I’ve with peers across the conflict divide, opportunities to learned a lot about the complexity of the problem. I’ve giving them a chance to explore obstacles and opportunities. meet face-to-face are extremely limited. learned what young Abkhaz people think and what they With this in mind, we invited 20 Georgian and Abkhaz want to achieve. I’ve learned that we have a lot of work university students and recent graduates to take part in to do.” a week-long visit to Switzerland. Part study visit, part Visits to Bern and Geneva also familiarized participants dialogue workshop, the event built on skills gained by with key international organizations, and with how the young people through discussion clubs run by our Switzerland, a federal, multi-ethnic, multi-linguistic state, Building relationships partners. deals with diversity. It offered a rare chance to discuss the conflict with peers As potential advocates for tolerance and peace, young from the opposing side. “This was the first time that I people will remain a focus of our work in 2008. conversed with people I have called enemies my whole through dialogue life,” noted one Abkhaz student. “I found the experience invaluable.”

In 2007 intense frustration at the lack of progress in resolving the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict made informal political discussions challenging. However, 12 representatives from both sides discussed stumbling blocks in the peace process at our 20th confidential ‘Schlaining dialogue’ meeting, held in London. In Sierra Leone, a pilot project on Strengthening Citizens’ Security brought together community activists, youth groups and security sector representatives in groundbreaking meetings, radio panel discussions and workshops. In Uganda and southern Sudan, our partners' reconciliation work helped improve relationships across borders and between different ethnic groups.

CASE STUDY: UGANDA-SUDAN Improving understanding between war-torn communities Rebuilding relationships and improving understanding among communities divided by more than two decades of war is a nity een commu crucial part of our peacebuilding work in northern Uganda visits betw and oss-border ern Sudan and southern Sudan. Cr from south sentatives to hear repre llowed them n Uganda a 21 years Strong tensions exist within and between these norther ffected by had been a s communities, especially in areas that have suffered most how each relationship ing rebuild from the rebel Lord’s Resistance Army’s (LRA) brutal attacks. of war, help em. This has created a backlash of revenge killings, between th finger-pointing and even the enslavement in southern Sudan of formerly LRA-abducted children. exchanges helped improve each community’s understanding Working with grassroots, religious and traditional leaders, of the war and highlighted their common suffering. The government officials and our peacebuilding partners Ker work also altered misconceptions among Acholis that they ian- g the Georg Kwaro Acholi, Justice and Peace Council (JPC GANAL) and are the only LRA victims, and among southern Sudanese s discussin isit in Student oint study v Totto Chan in Juba, we brought communities together that all Acholis are responsible for the war. nflict at a j Abkhaz co mportant to across the Uganda-Sudan border for discussions, workshops elt it was i s After hearing in one village how the LRA had massacred, itzerland f hrough thi Sw e and go “t and exchange visits. face-to-fac e need then cooked the bodies of fellow Acholis, Sudanese meet now what w rocess to k r A visit to northern Uganda allowed community Member of Parliament Henry Odwar said: “My colleagues painful p to solve ou .. and how representatives and elders from nine tribes affected by and I will carry one simple message to our people – the to work on. cefully.” the LRA in southern Sudan to meet their counterparts. Acholis are not the enemies of southern Sudan. There was conflict pea There, they listened to victims’ testimonies from different only one rotten element, and it, despite all the atrocities, communities and took part in radio talk shows. The has been forgiven by the Acholis.”

8 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 9 district and chieftaincy conflicts, BPRM’s mostly voluntary With many conflicts spanning several decades, people working CASE STUDY: SIERRA LEONE for peace can feel they have tried everything. Conciliation peace monitors use both traditional and modern Peacebuilding lessons from peacebuilding methods. Lessons learned and stories Resources believes that taking time to reflect on past Sierra Leone’s communities published in a booklet by CR point to how their deep peacemaking efforts, or learning from experiences elsewhere, understanding of the cultures and social norms have “For peace to last, it is essential to involve marginalized allowed them to navigate and carefully challenge the very can bring new insights and inject fresh energy into conflict groups such as women, youth and those who committed traditions often at the root of a conflict. resolution processes. atrocities, in the processes of resolving conflicts,” says Keeping the peace within local communities can also help Hassan Feika, coordinator of the Bo Peace and maintain greater national stability explains Mariama Reconciliation Movement (BPRM), a community Konneh, our West Africa programme director. peacebuilding organization in southern Sierra Leone. “All conflicts, from neighbourly disagreements to larger This important lesson from our partner BPRM’s work has political and chieftancy disputes, can escalate into major helped underpin its extraordinary success in preventing and conflicts if left simmering. Sierra Leone’s war reached Learning from resolving over 1000 cases of armed violence and almost every corner of the country. It was clear to us and community disputes since 1995. Not surprisingly, its highly BPRM that for a peace process to mean something genuine respected and trained ‘peace monitors’ include young to the people, it needed to be felt at community level.” people, women and ex-combatants involved in Sierra Making sure that such methods of alternative justice run Leone’s brutal decade-long war. peacemaking experience smoothly alongside Sierra Leone’s re-emerging state Acting as sensitive and neutral mediators in community, institutions and justice system has also been crucial.

Our Accord online and print publication series describes and analyses peace processes around the world. In 2007 we launched our publication on the Sudan peace process in London, Khartoum and Juba and began a project to document the Aceh peace process in Indonesia. We also published a booklet about the pioneering community peace monitoring work done by our partners in the Bo Peace and Reconciliation Movement in Sierra Leone, bringing it to the attention of West African audiences and the wider international community of peacebuilders.

CASE STUDY: COLOMBIA Sharing lessons learned Our re from peacemaking source team Palina Clem McCa samy Rama rtney and “The exercise of ‘reframing’ – which involves rethinking exp samy talk a eriences of bout their your analysis of the issues in dispute – can be a crucial a peacemakin nd the chal g around t element in helping conflict parties prepare for constructive lenges and he world, in Colomb possibilitie ia, with jou s for peace engagement in peace negotiations,” comments our Rubio o rnalist Adri f El Liberal ana Espinel Programme Associate Clem McCartney, who has more newspaper. than 20 years’ experience working on conflicts around the world. content of political and economic agreements will it be Clem and fellow practitioner Palinasamy Ramasamy spent possible to envisage a political settlement,” says Camilo 10 days in Colombia in February 2007 to share reflections Gonzalez Posso, president of INDEPAZ. on the potential for ‘reframing substantive agendas in peace negotiations’. Working with peacemakers in Building on a similar initiative in the Philippines in 2006, Colombia, they described their experiences of the insights on this topic are outlined in a short publication, challenges of reframing in Northern Ireland, Aceh and Sri Reframing: a strategy for conflict transformation . Margaret K Lanka. Our partners at the Institute for Peace and Identifying policy and practice points for peacemakers, it oroma (fro work as nt) says he Development Studies (INDEPAZ) produced a publication of was produced as part of a two-year pilot project that a voluntary r training a resolv peace mo nd case studies drawn from our Accord series and different aimed to improve peace strategies in both countries. e the 30-y nitor in hel Nia ear conflict ping experiences in Latin America. They also organized wa-Lenga a between m nd Selenga In December, partners met in London to discuss lessons ade her m chiefdoms seminars and meetings in Bogota, Cali, Popayan and ore confide has learned from the pilot project and options for future work patriarcha nt in Sierra Medellin involving over 400 people. l society. “ Leone’s together, including exchange visits between those and I s Nothing wi ay what I w ll shake me “Only when the authorities and the leaders of the involved in the peace processes in Colombia and the ant to say.” insurgencies consider possible solutions and the potential Philippines.

© Rosalind Hanson-Alp 10 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 11 Violent conflict fuels stereotypes and myths about the CASE STUDY: UGANDA Discussions reflected people’s diverse needs and their worries about the outcome of the slow-moving peace ‘other side’. This can deepen mistrust and provoke further Listening to people displaced by war talks in Juba, Sudan. Many people felt that despite harsh living conditions in the old camps, these were safer than confrontation. It can also stop vulnerable groups from speaking Since 1996 at least 1.7 million northern Ugandans the new ones or returning home. They were reluctant to out about how the conflict affects them. Conciliation Resources displaced by the war between the Lord’s Resistance Army leave until a peace agreement was signed and the (LRA) and the Ugandan government have endured life in works with journalists and other groups to challenge combatants had handed in their weapons. makeshift camps, far from their homes and farms. With misconceptions and give excluded people a voice. peace talks ongoing since July 2006, a government “I think there is no need to go home as long as Kony [the resettlement programme started moving them to new rebel commander] is not out of the bush,” said one camps closer to their original homes. woman. “If we go home when Kony is still in the bush, the LRA will find it easy to abduct all our children.” Working with our partner the Social Communications Department of Gulu Archdiocese, we co-produced a The video was screened for diplomats, politicians and video that gave these internally displaced people (IDPs) non-governmental organizations working in northern Challenging stereotypes a chance to express their views to policymakers about Uganda. It was also shown to the displaced communities this process. themselves, followed by a facilitated discussion with local government officials. The video highlighted how government policies and decisions affecting IDPs’ lives are made without their and increasing awareness input and that most people had no credible information about the new camps.

In 2007 we publicized personal reflections and analytical material on the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict through community radio productions, print media, film and theatre. We also promoted research, debates and discussions on multiculturalism and nationalism and their impact on the peace process. Local radio in Sierra Leone covered our work on improving young people’s understanding of election issues and partners organized local radio discussions about how they mediate conflicts. We also secured radio coverage of exchange visits between war-affected northern Ugandans and southern Sudanese and supported Ugandan partners to publish a monthly newsletter on community and conflict-related issues.

CASE STUDY: NAGORNY KARABAKH filmmakers also offered an important chance to exchange ideas, critique each other's work and brainstorm their next Breaking down barriers through film joint films. In the early 1990s Armenians and Azerbaijanis fought a “Before, I thought Azerbaijanis were our enemies,” says bitter war over the disputed region of Nagorny Karabakh. 20-year-old Suzanna Seyranyan. “I never thought I'd be More than 25,000 people were killed and up to a million able to sit down with them, have a cup of tea and a chat, displaced from their homes. Since the war ended, ordinary but during this project I met Azerbaijanis for the first time people on both sides have had virtually no contact. A and they’ve become my friends. I didn’t feel any barriers whole generation has grown up knowing little about between us.” each other. Two years ago we launched a unique project to bring together young people from Azerbaijan and Karabakh to try to build some bridges by making documentaries across the conflict divide. Twenty young people have so far received filmmaking training under the guidance of Internews Armenia, Internews Azerbaijan, and the Stepanakert Press Club. Altogether, they have made more than 20 short films camps have anda’s IDP charting the hopes, fears, sadness and humour of people n our orthern Ug s on the elessness i People in n their view living with the consequences of conflict. © Michael of hop ,” to give is Delahaye a feeling it’s there ortunities amme. Th “There’s rtant that few opp ment progr s very impo s t’s resettle rtner and In September 2007 the team visited London for a ilms but it’ Internew overnmen to our pa f alayev from live g anta, talked he new screening of their work at the Institute of Contemporary ains Ayaz S ntinue to her, Akot S ut life in t expl se if we co mot Olweny abo Arts. The audience included many Azerbaijani and jan. “Becau turies to ker Simon Azerbai hen for cen filmma camp. do now, t e-by-side settlement Armenian expatriates, for whom the chance to glimpse life the way we existing sid Jengari re going to be ‘on the other side’ proved unsettling, prompting some come we’re ...” tough, thought-provoking questions. A workshop for the as enemies

12 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 13 Although civilians bear the brunt of violent conflict, they rarely CASE STUDY: WEST AFRICA explains Jeannette Tucker from MARWOPNET. “They desire recognition, support, authority and legitimacy from the get a chance to take part in the political processes to resolve it. Getting women involved in security national security apparatus.” Consequently, peace negotiations and agreements often do not The horrific and systematic violence against women during Security representatives, NGOs, civil society organizations reflect their needs. Conciliation Resources aims to open up Sierra Leone and ‘s wars showed how women remain and community representatives from Sierra Leone, Guinea peacemaking by encouraging activism and helping ordinary one of the most vulnerable groups when security breaks and Liberia attending the conference analysed the barriers down. But women are also key to preventing violence, that exclude women when security policy is developed and people have a say. resolving conflict and consolidating peace. Security put into practice. institutions must include and deal with women’s special Discussion focused on women’s involvement and dealings security needs, especially in post-war countries reforming with existing security structures within the MRU countries their security sectors. and how women’s voices could be better represented. In December 2007, we organized with the Mano River Common concerns were their protection around border Women’s Peace Network (MARWOPNET) a sub-regional crossings, domestic violence and rape, barriers to women’s Promoting greater conference to look at security challenges and opportunities involvement in security decision-making processes, and for women, as part of our pilot Strengthening Citizens’ too little engagement between governments and civil Security Project. society in these areas. “Women experienced untold miseries during the wars and Recommendations for more effective involvement of civic participation continue to do so. They therefore desire to be actively women in security issues and outcomes from the involved in order to forestall any future hostilities,” conference will be presented to regional leaders in 2008.

In 2007 our partners in northern Uganda organized a Peace Week that brought communities © Rosalind Hanson-Alp together to share experiences and analyse the barriers to their involvement in the Juba peace talks. Non-governmental partners in the South Caucasus, including those from marginalized groups, worked to improve local governance and address social and political problems in their own communities on either side of the Georgian–Abkhaz divide. Work began on a new Strengthening Citizens’ Security project to help make Sierra Leone’s security sector more accessible and accountable to ordinary people. We also took part in peace conferences on the conflict over Kashmir, promoting wider public participation in the peace process.

CASE STUDY: GEORGIA and social services. Many live in isolated settlements with Helping displaced people be heard other IDPs, exacerbating their sense of separation. To help IDPs get their voices heard at national and local Even as one of the groups most affected by the levels, we support a network of over 20 organizations unresolved Georgian-Abkhaz conflict, internally displaced working on issues affecting IDPs. people (IDPs) in Georgia have little opportunity to The network acts as a forum for information exchange influence the peace process. Politically, they are and, increasingly, for joint analysis and action. In 2007 it marginalized. They also face challenges such as issued several communications, including a letter to the unemployment and a lack of housing, health, education Georgian authorities expressing concern at the bureaucratic and undignified process for registering as an IDP, which elicited a response. They also sent a statement of dissatisfaction with the belligerent rhetoric heard on TV in discussions about the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict. This consolidated response was an important step in the network’s development in advocating for change.

“It’s one thing for a single organization to lobby the Speakers at the ‘Wom authorities,” says network member Manana Darjania. conferen en in Secur ce included ity’ “But quite another for a network of 20 to do so. They are Gener the Assist al of the Si ant Inspect much more likely to take our concerns into account when Fak erra Leone or ondo (right Police, Kad w ), Amelia W i “We act we have a united position.” omen’s org ard from o ually end u anization M ur partner role p playing a and Briga ARWOPNE between or mediating Representatives from two national political parties also dier Alfred T Liberia, au dinary peo Chief Nelson-W thorities,” ple and the addressed an IDP network meeting in June. Members of Defence illiams, Dep says Manan Leo Staff, Repu uty “Thanks to a Darjania were able to raise issues of special concern for their ne Armed blic of Sier the work . Forces (left ra the [Ge of our netw ). orgian] gov ork I’d say community and quiz the politicians on each party’s policies inform ernment is ed about much bette toward the Georgian-Abkhaz peace process. the problem r s of IDPs.” 14 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 15 Conciliation Resources’ practical experiences of peacebuilding CASE STUDY: UNITED KINGDOM accompanying policy brief in July outlined our analysis and made specific recommendations as to how crucial offer important lessons for policymakers. Recognizing the Improving UK support for gaps within the UK’s practice, policies, resources and impact of international policy on people affected by violent peacemaking institutional capacities for this important issue could be conflict, we provide analysis, critique and creative proposals remedied. We also made submissions to the various “...we will make our response to armed conflict more policy initiatives launched by the government throughout to officials on regional and thematic issues. effective, and provide more practical and political the year. support to peace processes...” DFID has since drawn upon our expertise to set up its Former UK Secretary of State Hilary Benn in his speech first training course on peace processes for its officials. to launch the Conflict Policy Paper, London, March 2007. Other government departments and units have also In 2007 we put improving UK government support for shown interest in receiving our input on their emerging peace processes at the heart of our policy and advocacy policy on peace processes. activities. The prominent inclusion of our key messages in While we welcome these positive signs of change, we will the above Department for International Development continue to challenge and support the UK government to Influencing (DFID) paper was an especially encouraging result. combine improved policy with changes in practice that Support for peacemaking has often been overlooked in help people affected by conflict worldwide. the UK government’s strategies for responding to conflict. Our working paper, Bridging the gap: policy and analysis improving UK support for peace processes , and

In 2007 we organized analysis meetings for the Special Representative of the UN © Guy Smallman Secretary-General for Georgia and the EU Special Representative for the South Caucasus. We also made presentations at international forums, including the NATO and Council of he central to t Europe Parliamentary Assemblies. should be lict,” processes iolent conf “Peace aling with v s, We supported Fijian partners, the Citizens’ Constitutional Forum, in their international tegy for de rine Barne UK’s stra viser Cathe advocacy work. We were active participants in the Northern Uganda Advocacy Partnership for Policy Ad er chief xplained CR eyer, form Peace Advocacy network, the UK-based Peace and Security Liaison Group, and the Committee e ith Roelf M rty, red here w National Pa pictu th Africa’s for Conflict Transformation Support. We also published a report on the role of incentives, tor for Sou Group on negotia liamentary sanctions and conditionality in peace processes, ahead of our 2008 Accord publication. ll Party Par at a UK A g. ues meetin Conflict Iss © Rosalind Hanson-Alp CASE STUDY: SIERRA LEONE Supporting Sierra Leone’s peacebuilding efforts at the UN With more than 10 years’ experience of supporting local peacebuilding initiatives in Sierra Leone, we seized the opportunity to bring some core policy concerns gleaned (top from our work to the attention of the United Nations modu Tejan monitor Mo ondo Peacebuilding Commission. This UN advisory body works ary peace els in Korib Volunt s he couns ation d the youth ne’s popul to keep the spotlight on post-conflict countries and right) an f Sierra Leo ith most o lvement in coordinates strategies for consolidating peace. chiefdom. W ople’s invo 5, young pe g is critical ed under 3 ision makin Our efforts resulted in our written and oral ag olitical dec omic and p re. recommendations on the draft ‘Sierra Leone Peacebuilding econ aceful futu ountry’s pe Cooperation Framework’ between the Commission and to the c Sierra Leone’s government being included in the final document adopted in December 2007. At the Commission’s meeting with Sierra Leone’s In these we had stressed the Framework should go beyond government in New York in November, our Policy Adviser recognizing the need to ‘promote youth inclusion and Catherine Barnes also encouraged the Commission to empowerment’ and mainstream these into all proposed deepen its consultation with civil society. sectoral reforms, policies and programmes. We urged We will continue to follow the Commission’s work in 2008 action to deal with problems faced by young male and and anticipate more opportunities to influence its policy. female ex-fighters and the challenges of an incomplete reintegration and reconciliation process. We also said it “We look forward to improvements in these consultation should put more emphasis on supporting existing com- processes and more opportunities for involvement in munity mediation and peace monitoring systems such as identifying ongoing conflict issues and monitoring peace the Bo Peace and Reconciliation Movement ( see page 11). agreement implementation,” says Catherine Barnes.

16 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 17 Organizational development

To ensure that we improve our effectiveness as a resource for our partners, Conciliation Resources has worked to Plans for 2008 strengthen its own institutional capabilities. We are no Our geographic programmes continue to evolve and longer a small NGO. This has meant improving the internal adapt to changing circumstances, new challenges and processes we use for our conflict analysis and programme opportunities. Whether improving links between civil evaluation and planning, as well as putting in place society and the security sector in Sierra Leone or organizational policies and procedures on leave and flexible supporting innovative projects with youth activists in the working, standards of conduct, staff safety and security, southern Caucasus and community-based return and remuneration, plus privacy and data protection. It has also reconciliation processes across the Uganda-Sudan border, involved investing in our IT systems. we always try to support conflict transformation work We have revised and improved our internal budgeting and that has real impact on peoples’ lives. accounting systems in line with new guidelines from the In 2008 we plan to expand our work to support peace UK Charity Commission, making them more transparent processes in the Philippines, Colombia and possibly in India and efficient. These systems have in turn helped our and Pakistan on Kashmir. We will continue to inform policy partners develop budgets and accounts that place and practice by challenging governments to improve their themselves, rather than their donors, at the centre of strategies for supporting effective peace processes and their operational planning. more specifically, how they apply incentives, One thing we will all remember 2007 for is as a year of conditionality, and sanctions in conflict situations. We new families and staff changes. Babies were born to will also begin a new comparative learning project on Mariama, Melissa, Celia, Rachel and Aaron, and staff peacemaking in for the Accord publication series. turnover meant a great deal of our internal energies went Organizationally we face three new challenges. Firstly, we into managing these transitions. will work together to articulate a shared vision of our This was also the year that we strengthened the plans and strategy for the next five years. Secondly, we governance of the organization with new policies and will strengthen our senior management capacities to new trustees. We are grateful for the generous and wise respond to new opportunities and build upon our own guidance and oversight from our current and new board institutional learning. Finally, we have set ourselves an members, who include Roy Reeve, Christine Bell, Barney ambitious target of increasing our annual budget by Afako, Teresa Whitfield and Sue Williams. £600,000, representing significant growth on 2007. We were also successful in winning the trust and With our multi-talented staff, solid international confidence of the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Foreign partnerships and a visionary board, Conciliation Resources Affairs who became our newest organizational donor is in a strong position to meet these challenges. and partner, alongside the governments of the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Sweden.

© Rosalind Hanson-Alp 18 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 19 Summarized accounts Summarized statement of financial activities for the year ended 31 December 2007 (UK £) Balance sheet as at 31 December 2007

INCOME 2007 2006 UK (£) 2007 2006

Unrestricted grants 249,517 259,300 Fixed assets 17,220 19,141

Grants for specific programmes and projects 1,740,542 1,505,626 Current Assets Caucasus 649,767 606,392 Cash at bank 268,939 235,405 Policy, Communications and Comparative Learning (including Accord) 427,636 348,533 Debtors 311,201 282,982 Uganda / Sudan 253,036 305,243 Rent deposit and prepayments 80,582 42,549 West Africa 410,103 245,458 Total current assets 660,722 560,936 Other income 22,331 23,968 Accord sales 3,093 3,376 Liabilities Consultancy fees 2,765 2,551 Creditors and accruals 164,788 140,546 Interest received 11,139 9,817 Other income 5,334 8,224 Total liabilities 164,788 140,546 Current assets less liabilities 495,934 420,390 Total income (A) 2,012,390 1,788,894 NET ASSETS 513,154 439,531 EXPENDITURE FUNDS Programmes 1,814,885 1,688,253 Unresticted income funds 246,384 223,009 Caucasus 683,491 656,036 Restricted income funds 266,770 216,522 Fiji - 15,087 Policy, Communications and Comparative Learning (including Accord) 410,711 455,432 TOTAL FUNDS 513,154 439,531 Uganda / Sudan 296,229 260,018 West Africa 424,454 301,680 These summarized accounts have been extracted “We have examined the summarized accounts which Programme development 42,783 9,460 from the full audited accounts of Conciliation have been extracted from the full audited accounts Kashmir 42,783 9,460 Resources for the year ended 31 December 2007. for the year ended 31 December 2007. In our Further information and copies of the full audited opinion the summarized accounts are consistent with Unrestricted 81,099 86,738 accounts are available from our website and the full audited accounts.” 28 March 2008 Cost of generating voluntary income 33,535 34,576 the Charity Commission website (www.charity- Governance costs 47,564 52,162 commission.gov.uk). The audited accounts were approved by the Trustees on 18 February 2008 and Total expenditure (B) 1,938,767 1,784,451 have been submitted to the Charity Commission and the Registrar of Companies. Ramon Lee & Partners Surplus/Deficit at 31 December (A-B) 73,623 4,443 Registered Auditors, Chartered Accountants Auditors’ Report on the summarized accounts of Kemp House, 152-160 City Road, Conciliation Resources for the year ended 31 London EC1V 2DW December 2007: Trustees

M Bradbury, Chair R Cooke, Treasurer

20 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 21 Notes on summarized accounts 2007 CR board, staff and associates 2007

Organization respective programmes as ‘charitable We gratefully acknowledge Board Staff Conciliation Resources (CR) is a activities’ expenditure. In addition, support from: Barney Afako (from October) Georgina Burns Events and Marketing Officer (until Feb) not-for-profit, non-governmental the costs of fundraising support and Christine Bell (from March) Andy Carl Executive Director • Allan & Nesta Ferguson Charitable organization registered as a charity governance are met by unrestricted Trust, UK Mark Bradbury Chair Rachel Clogg Caucasus Programme Co-Director under UK law (number 1055436) income. We remain dependent on • Anonymous (UK Trust) Andy Carl Jonathan Cohen Caucasus Programme Co-Director and as a company (number unrestricted grants and other forms • Calpe Trust, UK Bob Cooke Treasurer Bjoern Eser Uganda/Sudan Programme Co-Director (until July) 03196482). Our headquarters are of untied income to meet these • Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs Mark Hoffman Aaron Griffiths Accord Series Editor located in London. We also maintain programme support costs. • European Commission Nev Jefferies Michelle Gallagher Events and Publications Officer support offices in Sierra Leone, • German Federal Foreign Office Bryn Higgs Uganda/Sudan Programme Co-Director (until August) registered as ‘CR Sierra Leone’ in Balance and Reserves Bruce Jones (until March) (via Projekt zivik) Freetown, Bo and Kenema. The total funds available during 2007 Mischa Mills Ragnar Hjalmarsson Assistant to Executive Director • Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, included both restricted and Laurie Nathan (until March) Melissa Jones Communications Officer UK Basis of financial statements unrestricted balances brought Liz Philipson Caroline Kilby Administrative Officer (until April) • Lord Ashdown Charitable These summaries are drawn from the forward from 2006, details of which Roy Reeve (from October) Mariama Konneh West Africa Programme Director Settlement, UK full audited accounts prepared in are in the full audited accounts. Bea Stolte Celia McKeon Director of Policy, Communications, • Rowan Charitable Trust, UK accordance with the Statement of It is CR’s policy to try to maintain a • Royal Norwegian Ministry of Vesna Terselic Comparative Learning (PCCL) Recommended Practice (SORP balance of unrestricted reserves Foreign Affairs Henry Tinsley (until July) Rhona Miller Caucasus Programme Officer 2005) of the Charity Commission equalling six months of operating • Swedish International Development Teresa Whitfield (from July) Irene Musoke Finance Officer for England and Wales. costs in line with general guidelines Cooperation Agency Sue Williams (from October) Adrian Platt Administrative Officer (from April) for UK charities. • Swiss Federal Department of Nyeko Caesar Poblicks Uganda/Sudan Projects Manager Support costs Foreign Affairs David Orchant Caucasus Programme Assistant Costs incurred for the general Donors Programme Associates • Tinsley Foundation, UK management of CR, including the The activities carried out in 2007 Tahir Aziz Jessica Porter Fundraising Coordinator (until July) • UK Department for International provision of direct and indirect were made possible through the Catherine Barnes Kushma Ram Operations Manager Development executive oversight, financial generosity of donors who gave Laurence Broers Emma Sangster Web and Communications Officer (maternity cover) • UK Foreign & Commonwealth management and specific grants for specific project activities Elena Cook Kennedy Tumutegyereize Uganda/Sudan Programme Director (from Sept) Office administrative support to projects or general organizational support. Diana Francis Sarah Wheeler Communications Manager (until April) and programmes are allocated to the Ellie Keen Juliet Williams Finance Manager Clem McCartney Catherine Woollard PCCL Programme Director (maternity cover) Guus Meijer Jenny Norton Staff in Sierra Leone 2007 (%) Rosalind Hanson-Alp West Africa Programme Coordinator, Freetown Expenditure by region Consultants (from May) CR relies on various consultants to Marion Gorvie Programme Officer South, Bo Caucasus 36 meet specific programme demands. Boima Morie Kpuagor Programme Officer East, Kenema West Africa 22 Violet Lenger-Fofanah Senior Finance and Administrative Officer, Freetown Photos Patrick Zombo Project Coordinator, Strengthening Citizens’ Security Policy, Communications and Comparative Learning 21 All photos are by CR staff and local project, Freetown (from April) Uganda / Sudan 15 partners unless otherwise credited. David Ngombu Documentation Assistant, Bo Siladee Turay Project Officer, Strengthening Citizens’ Security project, Programme Development 2 Design Kenema (from April) Governance 2 www.tmck.co.uk Patricia Bindi Programme Assistant, Bo Mohamed Bockarie Office Assistant, Kenema Fundraising 2 Sahr Johnbull Finance and Admin Assistant, Freetown Muctarr Turay Office Assistant, Bo (from April) In memory of Sahr Johnbull Abdulai Koroma Driver, Freetown Our colleague Sahr Johnbull sadly 2007 Expenditure by theme (%) passed away in March 2008. Interns/volunteers Originally from Kono district, Sierra Lisa Denney (Freetown) Strengthening community peacebuilding 25 Leone, he had worked in CR’s Martina Gaebler (Freetown) Freetown office for seven years and James Obrenyah (West Africa Programme, London) Building relationships through dialogue 20 was Assistant Finance and Oscar Mateos (Freetown) Influencing policy and analysis 18 Administrative Officer. He was a Mihiri Weerasinghe (Accord publication series, London) valued and much-loved member of Learning from peacemaking experience 14 our Sierra Leonean team and will be Promoting greater civic participation 12 greatly missed. Challenging stereotypes and increasing awareness 7 Organizational governance and fundraising 4

22 conciliation resources annual review 2007 conciliation resources annual review 2007 23