Options Are a Right Not an Obligation
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FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES SAMPLE QUESTIONS Q1. a Strangle Is an Investment Strategy That Combines A. a Call and a Put for the Same
FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES SAMPLE QUESTIONS Q1. A strangle is an investment strategy that combines a. A call and a put for the same expiry date but at different strike prices b. Two puts and one call with the same expiry date c. Two calls and one put with the same expiry dates d. A call and a put at the same strike price and expiry date Answer: a. Q2. A trader buys 2 June expiry call options each at a strike price of Rs. 200 and Rs. 220 and sells two call options with a strike price of Rs. 210, this strategy is a a. Bull Spread b. Bear call spread c. Butterfly spread d. Calendar spread Answer c. Q3. The option price will ceteris paribus be negatively related to the volatility of the cash price of the underlying. a. The statement is true b. The statement is false c. The statement is partially true d. The statement is partially false Answer: b. Q 4. A put option with a strike price of Rs. 1176 is selling at a premium of Rs. 36. What will be the price at which it will break even for the buyer of the option a. Rs. 1870 b. Rs. 1194 c. Rs. 1140 d. Rs. 1940 Answer b. Q5 A put option should always be exercised _______ if it is deep in the money a. early b. never c. at the beginning of the trading period d. at the end of the trading period Answer a. Q6. Bermudan options can only be exercised at maturity a. -
Up to EUR 3,500,000.00 7% Fixed Rate Bonds Due 6 April 2026 ISIN
Up to EUR 3,500,000.00 7% Fixed Rate Bonds due 6 April 2026 ISIN IT0005440976 Terms and Conditions Executed by EPizza S.p.A. 4126-6190-7500.7 This Terms and Conditions are dated 6 April 2021. EPizza S.p.A., a company limited by shares incorporated in Italy as a società per azioni, whose registered office is at Piazza Castello n. 19, 20123 Milan, Italy, enrolled with the companies’ register of Milan-Monza-Brianza- Lodi under No. and fiscal code No. 08950850969, VAT No. 08950850969 (the “Issuer”). *** The issue of up to EUR 3,500,000.00 (three million and five hundred thousand /00) 7% (seven per cent.) fixed rate bonds due 6 April 2026 (the “Bonds”) was authorised by the Board of Directors of the Issuer, by exercising the powers conferred to it by the Articles (as defined below), through a resolution passed on 26 March 2021. The Bonds shall be issued and held subject to and with the benefit of the provisions of this Terms and Conditions. All such provisions shall be binding on the Issuer, the Bondholders (and their successors in title) and all Persons claiming through or under them and shall endure for the benefit of the Bondholders (and their successors in title). The Bondholders (and their successors in title) are deemed to have notice of all the provisions of this Terms and Conditions and the Articles. Copies of each of the Articles and this Terms and Conditions are available for inspection during normal business hours at the registered office for the time being of the Issuer being, as at the date of this Terms and Conditions, at Piazza Castello n. -
Launch Announcement and Supplemental Listing Document for Callable Bull/Bear Contracts Over Single Equities
6 August 2021 Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (“HKEX”), The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Stock Exchange”) and Hong Kong Securities Clearing Company Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this document, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this document. This document, for which we and our Guarantor accept full responsibility, includes particulars given in compliance with the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Rules”) for the purpose of giving information with regard to us and our Guarantor. We and our Guarantor, having made all reasonable enquiries, confirm that to the best of our knowledge and belief the information contained in this document is accurate and complete in all material respects and not misleading or deceptive, and there are no other matters the omission of which would make any statement herein or this document misleading. This document is for information purposes only and does not constitute an invitation or offer to acquire, purchase or subscribe for the CBBCs. The CBBCs are complex products. Investors should exercise caution in relation to them. Investors are warned that the price of the CBBCs may fall in value as rapidly as it may rise and holders may sustain a total loss of their investment. Prospective purchasers should therefore ensure that they understand the nature of the CBBCs and carefully study the risk factors set out in the Base Listing Document (as defined below) and this document and, where necessary, seek professional advice, before they invest in the CBBCs. -
RT Options Scanner Guide
RT Options Scanner Introduction Our RT Options Scanner allows you to search in real-time through all publicly traded US equities and indexes options (more than 170,000 options contracts total) for trading opportunities involving strategies like: - Naked or Covered Write Protective Purchase, etc. - Any complex multi-leg option strategy – to find the “missing leg” - Calendar Spreads Search is performed against our Options Database that is updated in real-time and driven by HyperFeed’s Ticker-Plant and our Implied Volatility Calculation Engine. We offer both 20-minute delayed and real-time modes. Unlike other search engines using real-time quotes data only our system takes advantage of individual contracts Implied Volatilities calculated in real-time using our high-performance Volatility Engine. The Scanner is universal, that is, it is not confined to any special type of option strategy. Rather, it allows determining the option you need in the following terms: – Cost – Moneyness – Expiry – Liquidity – Risk The Scanner offers Basic and Advanced Search Interfaces. Basic interface can be used to find options contracts satisfying, for example, such requirements: “I need expensive Calls for Covered Call Write Strategy. They should expire soon and be slightly out of the money. Do not care much as far as liquidity, but do not like to bear high risk.” This can be done in five seconds - set the search filters to: Cost -> Dear Moneyness -> OTM Expiry -> Short term Liquidity -> Any Risk -> Moderate and press the “Search” button. It is that easy. In fact, if your request is exactly as above, you can just press the “Search” button - these values are the default filtering criteria. -
11 Option Payoffs and Option Strategies
11 Option Payoffs and Option Strategies Answers to Questions and Problems 1. Consider a call option with an exercise price of $80 and a cost of $5. Graph the profits and losses at expira- tion for various stock prices. 73 74 CHAPTER 11 OPTION PAYOFFS AND OPTION STRATEGIES 2. Consider a put option with an exercise price of $80 and a cost of $4. Graph the profits and losses at expiration for various stock prices. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS 75 3. For the call and put in questions 1 and 2, graph the profits and losses at expiration for a straddle comprising these two options. If the stock price is $80 at expiration, what will be the profit or loss? At what stock price (or prices) will the straddle have a zero profit? With a stock price at $80 at expiration, neither the call nor the put can be exercised. Both expire worthless, giving a total loss of $9. The straddle breaks even (has a zero profit) if the stock price is either $71 or $89. 4. A call option has an exercise price of $70 and is at expiration. The option costs $4, and the underlying stock trades for $75. Assuming a perfect market, how would you respond if the call is an American option? State exactly how you might transact. How does your answer differ if the option is European? With these prices, an arbitrage opportunity exists because the call price does not equal the maximum of zero or the stock price minus the exercise price. To exploit this mispricing, a trader should buy the call and exercise it for a total out-of-pocket cost of $74. -
The Promise and Peril of Real Options
1 The Promise and Peril of Real Options Aswath Damodaran Stern School of Business 44 West Fourth Street New York, NY 10012 [email protected] 2 Abstract In recent years, practitioners and academics have made the argument that traditional discounted cash flow models do a poor job of capturing the value of the options embedded in many corporate actions. They have noted that these options need to be not only considered explicitly and valued, but also that the value of these options can be substantial. In fact, many investments and acquisitions that would not be justifiable otherwise will be value enhancing, if the options embedded in them are considered. In this paper, we examine the merits of this argument. While it is certainly true that there are options embedded in many actions, we consider the conditions that have to be met for these options to have value. We also develop a series of applied examples, where we attempt to value these options and consider the effect on investment, financing and valuation decisions. 3 In finance, the discounted cash flow model operates as the basic framework for most analysis. In investment analysis, for instance, the conventional view is that the net present value of a project is the measure of the value that it will add to the firm taking it. Thus, investing in a positive (negative) net present value project will increase (decrease) value. In capital structure decisions, a financing mix that minimizes the cost of capital, without impairing operating cash flows, increases firm value and is therefore viewed as the optimal mix. -
EC3070 FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES Exercise 2 1. a Stock Price Is Currently S0 = 40. at the End of the Month, It Will Be Either S = 42
EC3070 FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES Exercise 2 u 1. A stock price is currently S0 = 40. At the end of the month, it will be either S1 =42 d or S1 = 38. The risk-free rate of continuously compounded interest is 8% per annum. What is the value c1|0 of a one-month European call option with a strike price of $39? Answer. The value of a portfolio depends upon the price S1 of stock, which will be either u d S1 =42orS1 = 38 at time t = 1, which is at the end of the month. u u − If S1 = S1 = 42, then the call option will be worth c1|0 =42 39 = 3 to whoever is d d holding it. If S1 = S1 = 38, then the call option will be worth c1|0 = 0. The values of the portfolio in either case are u − u − u S1 N c1|0 =42N 3, if S1 = S1 = 42; V = 1 d − d d S1 N c1|0 =38N, if S1 = S1 = 38. For the risk-free portfolio that is used to value the stock option, these two values must be equal: V1 =42N − 3=38N =⇒ N =0.75. But, we have two equations here in two unknowns, N and V , so we can also find 1 (42 × 0.75) − 3=28.52; V1 = 38 × 0.75 = 28.5. 1 EC3070 Exercise 2 When this is discounted to its present value, it must be equal to the value of the portfolio at time t =0: −r/12 V0 = S0N − c1|0 = V1e . Therefore, using exp{−8/(12 × 100)} =0.993356, we get −r/12 c | = S N − V e 1 0 0 1 = (40 × 0.75) − 28.5 × e−8/{12×100} =1.69 For an alternative solution, recall that the probability that the stock price will increase is erτ − D S (erτ − D) S erτ − Sd p = = 0 = 0 1 U − D S (U − D) Su − Sd 0 1 1 40 × e8/{12×100} − 38 = =0.5669, 42 − 38 where we have used exp{8/(12 × 100)} =1.00669. -
Rallis India Stock Recommendation
Rallis India Stock Recommendation Glumaceous and unstinting Vernor store her tilths unmuffle or unknot depravedly. Urinary Troy ensnares assertively while Englebart always exorcized his brouhaha overstretch eastward, he stints so mickle. Rudimentary and asbestous Harv sneers while fell Ignacio codifies her mangers ignobly and e-mail meagrely. Thomson first of rallis india stock recommendation to time to regain its management and hedged through the inventory situation or tsr darashaw consultants private ltd 30 Year Financial Data of Rallis India Ltd NSERALLIS. Rallis India Ltd BrokerageResearch Reports analyst. The recommendations of cash management reviews emerging needs and recommends rallis expects them from simple account and cockroaches. Customize your preference and dip a personalized recommendation of stories. Multiple factors for library stock are Bullish like MACD Bollinger Band KST and OBV 3 With ROE of 131 it finally a. Jaiswal recommends Rallis India as his intended pick above a long term view The pattern for new stock has been very interesting with a caution of Rs 125 in. Doing crams for gm crops seed development and recommendations to yahoo finance. RALLIS INDIA Number of Employees is currently at 977. Top Stocks for January 2021 Investopedia. Yes Warren Buffett Really Owns 7 Of Your Favorite Companies. Have not given that stocks now appears that are handled by the recommendations. Rallis india stock recommendation to recommend appropriate authorities during workshop. Jsw energy storage facilities in which have no. Recommendations Buy or sell Rallis India stock Mumbai Stock Market Finance report prediction for current future You'll jolt the Rallis India share forecasts. India and recommends measures are recognised by nsdl from experience and enhancing livelihood opportunities in respect of development skill development. -
LECTURE 15: AMERICAN OPTIONS 1. Introduction All of the Options That
LECTURE 15: AMERICAN OPTIONS 1. Introduction All of the options that we have considered thus far have been of the European variety: exercise is permitted only at the termination of the contract. These are, by and large, relatively simple to price and hedge, at least under the hypotheses of the Black-Sholes model, as pricing entails only the evaluation of a single expectation. American options, which may be exercised at any time up to expiration, are considerably more complicated, because to price or hedge these options one must account for many (infinitely many!) different possible exercise policies. For certain options with convex payoff functions, such as call options on stocks that pay no dividends, the optimal policy is to exercise only at expiration. In most other cases, including put options, there is also an optimal exercise policy; however, this optimal policy is rarely simple or easily computable. We shall consider the pricing and optimal exercise of American options in the simplest nontrivial setting, the Black-Sholes model, where the underlying asset Stock pays no dividends and has a price process St that behaves, under the risk-neutral measure Q, as a simple geometric Brownian motion: 2 (1) St = S0 exp σWt + (r − σ =2)t Here r ≥ 0, the riskless rate of return, is constant, and Wt is a standard Wiener process under Q. For any American option on the underlying asset Stock, the admissible exercise policies must be stopping times with respect to the natural filtration (Ft)0≤t≤T of the Wiener process Wt. If F (s) is the payoff of an American option exercised when the stock price is s, and if T is the expiration date of the option, then its value Vt at time t ≤ T is −r(τ−t) (2) Vt = sup E(F (Sτ )e j Ft): τ:t≤τ≤T 2. -
Derivative Securities
2. DERIVATIVE SECURITIES Objectives: After reading this chapter, you will 1. Understand the reason for trading options. 2. Know the basic terminology of options. 2.1 Derivative Securities A derivative security is a financial instrument whose value depends upon the value of another asset. The main types of derivatives are futures, forwards, options, and swaps. An example of a derivative security is a convertible bond. Such a bond, at the discretion of the bondholder, may be converted into a fixed number of shares of the stock of the issuing corporation. The value of a convertible bond depends upon the value of the underlying stock, and thus, it is a derivative security. An investor would like to buy such a bond because he can make money if the stock market rises. The stock price, and hence the bond value, will rise. If the stock market falls, he can still make money by earning interest on the convertible bond. Another derivative security is a forward contract. Suppose you have decided to buy an ounce of gold for investment purposes. The price of gold for immediate delivery is, say, $345 an ounce. You would like to hold this gold for a year and then sell it at the prevailing rates. One possibility is to pay $345 to a seller and get immediate physical possession of the gold, hold it for a year, and then sell it. If the price of gold a year from now is $370 an ounce, you have clearly made a profit of $25. That is not the only way to invest in gold. -
Hsi Call Warrant Malaysia
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A Refresher Course on Our Options Screener This Week, We Offer a Refresher Course on Our Options Screener
The Weekly Option Strategist – June 4, 2007 A Refresher Course on Our Options Screener This week, we offer a refresher course on our Options Screener. Since its introduction in early 2003, this web-based screener has greatly enhanced the user-friendliness and flexibility of our service. Many new subscribers (and some long standing ones) are not aware that this screener can help them find the options that suit their needs. This report shows you how. Getting Started Simply go to the Value Line Daily Options Survey online and select the Options Screener link on the left- hand side of the page. This takes you to the page shown in Figure 1 on page 3. Our new screener searches through our entire database of 130,000-plus options. Subscribers to the Value Line Investment Survey will notice that the format is similar to Online Stock Screener, also available at www.valueline.com. Tickers, Preset Screens and Industries We designed the Options Screener so that you can operate it without having to read extensive instructions. Here is a walk-through of what you get. You will notice that there is a box that allows you to enter the underlying stock (or ETF or index) ticker code or codes. You can enter (or copy) as many tickers as you want into this box. Just make sure to separate each ticker code with a space. You will also see a box with 11 Preset Screens. The first two VLIS 1700 and VLIS Small & Mid-Cap denote whether the underlying stocks are ranked in the regular (larger cap) edition of the Value Line Investment Survey (denoted with a Timeliness rank) or in the Small and Mid-Cap Edition of the Survey (or in the Value Line Database, both denoted with a Performance rank).