Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Govt. of Maharashtra Dept. of Agriculture

COMPREHENSIVE DISTRICT AGRICULTURE PLAN ( C – DAP )

Osmanabad District

- Technical Support Institution - Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tuljapur Dist – Osmanabad

July 2015

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

PREFACE

Directorate of Extension Education, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani is thankful to the district administration for assigning the work of the preparation of Comprehensive District Agriculture Development Plan (C-DAP) of Osmanabad District. The team of experts from VNMKV, Parbhani had been asked to prepare the C-DAP.

At the outset, we are very much thankful to Dr. Prashant Narnawre, District Collector, Osmanabad for his constant guidance and encouragement in writing the C-DAP. We are also grateful to the District Superintendent Agriculture Officer Sh. Shankar Totawar for his co-operation and help in completion of this C-DAP. DSAO office supplied necessary data and information required by us from time to time.

We had lively discussions with District Collector and concerned officials of various Departments during the preparation of C-DAP. On the basis of information and data received from various departments, the Executive Summary of C-DAP have been prepared and already submitted for their due approval by concerned District Planning Committees (DPCs)

Five meetings were conducted to collect the information required for C- DAP and to exchange the ideas between team of VNMKV and resource persons/experts from line departments. We should also express our sincere thanks to team of experts for their untiring efforts in the preparation of C-DAP Osmanabad. We are really grateful to all officials from line departments for participation and providing valuable information required for preparation of C- DAP. In preparation of C-DAP report, we have followed the guidelines issued by commission.

We hope that the recommendations made in those report are implemented properly and with efficiency, the objective of achieving 4 % growth rate in agriculture is certainly possible.

Dr. B.B. Bhosle Co-ordinator and Director of Extension Education, VNMKV, Parbhani

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CONTENTS TOPIC PAGE NO. ABBREVIATIONS USED 5 LIST OF MAPS/DIAGRAMS/GRAPHS 8 LIST OF TABLES 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY : 12 1 A brief introduction to the District, its location, features, tec 2 Main points of SWOT of the District 3 Areas/Sectors which need to be addressed in the district 4 Various on-going programmes in the district- a brief contextual gist 5 The District Plan at a Glance 6 Public Private Partnerships that can be envisaged in the proposed Plan 7 Expected outcomes as a result of implementation of the Plan CHAPTER-I INTRODUCTION 36 1.1 Objectives 1.2 The methodology used by KVK 1.3 The Structure of the C-DAP 1.4 The draft status of the C-DAP and how it would be finalized 1.5 Acknowledgements CHAPTER-II GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE DISTRICT 45 2.1 Introduction 2.2 District at a Glance 2.3 The Vision CHAPTER-III SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRICT 82 3.1 Introduction 3.2 SWOT analysis of the district (with focus separately on the Agriculture and Allied Sectors) 3.3 Accommodation SWOT- addressing issues emerging out of the analysis, 3.4 Sectoral/Regional Growth Drivers of the District. Chapter- IV DEVELOPMENT OF A GRICULTURE SECTOR 88 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Land Use 4.3 Soil health 4.4 Water Resources & Management 4.5 Major Crops and Varieties in the District

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4.6 Input Management 4.7 From Mechanization/Farm equipment 4.8 Special Projects/ Programmes on – going in the district 4.9 Constraint Analysis 4.10 Recommended interventions for the district. With detailed Action Plan with costs 4.11 Projected outcome and Growth Rate during the Plan Period 4.12 Researchable Issues Chapter- V ALLIED AGRICULTURAL SECTORS 125 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Horticulture 5.3 Sericulture Development 5.4 Animal Husbandry 5.5 Fisheries Development 5.6 Watershed Development 5.7 Social- Forestry Development 5.8 Agro based Rural Development Programmes 5.9 Food Processing Units 5.10 Development of Rural Industries CHAPTER- VI DISTRICT PLAN 178 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Growth Drivers 6.3 Innovative Schemes 6.4 Vision of XII Plan 6.5 Improved Technology Dissemination Coordination of teaching, Research and Extension Institutions 6.6 Implementation of C-DAP 6.7 District Plan

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

ABRIVIATIONS USED

AH : Animal Husbandry AIBH : Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme APMC : Agriculture Produce Market Committee ASHA : Accredited Social Health Activist ATMA : Agriculture Technology Management Agency BAPU : Block (Mandal/Taluka) Agriculture Planning Unit (MAPU/TAPU) BRGF : Backward Region Grant Fund CDAP : Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan CHS : Community Health Centers CIGS : Commodity Interest Groups DAC : Department of Agriculture and Cooperation DAPU : District Agriculture Planning Unit DDP : District Development Plan DIC : District Industries Centre DPC : District Planning Committee DRDA : District Rural Development Authority FM : Farm Mechanization FLD : Front Line Demonstrations FO : Farmer’s Organizations FYP : Five Year Plan GOI : Government of India GP : Gram Panchayat HA : Hectare ICAR : India Council of Agriculture Research INMI : Integrated Nutrient Management IP : Intermediate (Black/Taluka/Mandal) Panchayat IPM : Integrated Pest Management KVI : Khadi & Village Industries KVK : Krishi Vigyan Kendra LB : Local Body

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

LD : Land Development M & E : Monitoring & Evaluation MI : Minor Irrigation MOU : Memorandum of Understanding MT : Metric Ton NBARD : National Bank for Agriculture & Rural Development NADP : National Agriculture Development Plan NDC : National Development Council NFSM : National Food Security Mission NFDB : National Fisheries Development Board NGO : Non Government Organization NHM : National Horticulture Mission NPCBB : National Project on Cattle & Buffalo Breeding NREGS : National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme NRHM : National Rural Health Mission NRM : Natural Resources Management NYK : Nehru Yuvak Kendra PAGS : Primary Agriculture Cooperative PAPU : Panchayat (Village) Agriculture Planning Unit PC : Planning Committee PLCP : Potential Linked Credit Plan PPP : Public- Private Partnership PRA : Participatory Rural Appraisal PRI : Panchayat Raj Institutions RBI : Reserve bank of India RIDF : Rural Infrastructure Development Fund RKVY : Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana SAP : State Agriculture Plan SAU : State Agriculture Universities SGSY : Swarn Jayant Gram Swarojgar Yojana SHG : Self Help Group SIRD : State Institute of Rural Development

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

SLSC : State Level Sanctioning Committee SREP : Strategic Research and Extension Plan SRR : Seed Replacement Ratio SWOT : Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats TAC : Technical Appraisal Committee TCD : Trial Cum Demonstration TSF : Taluka Seed Farm TSG : Technical Support Group TSI : Technical Support Institution UT : Union Territory WA : Watershed Associations WSA : Water spread Area WUA : Water Users Associations ZP : Zilla Parishad/ Panchayat

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

List of Diagrams/ Graphs/ Maps Osmanabad District

Sr.No. List of Diagrams/ Graphs/ Maps Page No. 1 Location Map 11 2 Delineated Watershed Map 12 3 Map Showing Flood- Prone areas 13 4 Land capability classification Map 14 5 Map showing major Kharif crops 15 6 Map showing major Rabi crops 16 7 Map showing major Horticulture crops 17 8 Map showing major main center 18 9 Map showing main Markets and Processing Institutes/ Industry 19 10 Soil fertility Map I 20 11 Soil fertility Map II 21 12 Map showing Road Development. 22 13 Map showing taluka-wise (Growth) rates 23 14 Map showing average rainfall 24 15 Map showing Locations Map 25 16 Soil fertility Map III 26 17 Diagram showing Gross District Domestic Product and State 40 Domestic Product (2004-05) 18 Graph showing Intra district growth Differential 43 19 SWOT Analysis Diagram 48 20 Organizational structure of Agricultural technology (ATMA) 83 21 A Frame work for technology Development and delivery system 83

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

List of Tables

Table Page Title Nos. No. 2.1 General information of the District 27 2.2 Age Composition of Population (2001) 29 2.3 Land Utilization in Osmanabad District 30 2.4 Land Holding pattern in Osmanabad District (Agriculture Census 2011) 31 2.5 Block wise irrigation potential created (in ha) 32 2.6 Data on Weather (Available normal 33 2.7 Block/Taluka wise monthly rainfall data 34 2.8 Main and marginal workers in Osmanabad District (2011) 35 Data relating to employment / unemployment Registered with 2.9 Employment, Self Employment Guidance Centre, Osmanabad District 37 during 2010 to 2014 2.10 Gross District Domestic Product, at constant prices For the year 2011-12 39 Intra District Growth Differential (Osmanabad District). Talukawise ( Year 2.11 42 2009-10 to 2013-14)

4.1 LAND UTILIZATION STATISTICS 53

AREA PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CROPS (AVERAGE OF 2011-12 TO 4.2 58 2013-2014) 4.3 Distribution of area under different crops 59

4.4 TALUKA-WISE TOTAL (IRRIGATED & RAINED) AREA OF DIFFERENT CROPS 60

4.5 IRRIGATED AREA OF DIFFERENT CROPS 61

4.6 GROWTH RATES OF DIFFERENT CROPS IN LAST 3 YEARS 62

4.7 SOURCE-WISE AREA (HA) IRRIGATED 63

4.8 TALUKA-WISE IRRIGATED AREA (HA) 63

4.9 PROPORTION OF IRRIGATED AREA IN DIFFERENT CROPS 64

4.10 EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON CROP YIELD 64 4.11 Planning of Agriculture Inputs in the District- Seed - 2012-13 66 4.12 Crop Wise NPK Consumption 67 4.13 Planning of Fertilizer Requirement 68 4.14 Planning of Plant Protection Chemicals Requirement (wt./kg.) 69 4.15 Farm Machinery Status and Projection 70 4.16 Availability of Improved Farm Equipments and Machinaries 71

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4.17 REASONS OF YIELD GAPS 74 Agriculture Extension Services Provided by Various District Line 4.18 79 Departments

4.19 STRUCTURE OF AGRI. EXTENSION SERVICES 80

Income Analysis of various categories of Farmers (Osmanabad) 4.20 81 Gross income from Agriculture and Allied sector C-DAP Stream I NEW Scheme Proposed by ATMA Dist. Osmanabad 4.21 84 Rs.in Lakhs C-DAP Stream I Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs 4.22 84 Dist. Osmanabad

4.23 C-DAP Stream II Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed 84

Yearwise Area, Production & Productivity Crops in of Principle 4.24 88 Osmanabad District. 4.25 Minimum Support Prices 89 Present and projected area, production and productivity 5.1 103 of Horticultural crops in Osmanabad district Gross values added of Horticultural crop in Osmanabad district at 5.2 104 Constant prices (1999-2000) 5.3 Gross value added of Horticulture crops in Osmanabad district 105 5.4 Compound growth rate 105 5.5 Proforma – I, II, III, IV Horticulture 106-107 Mulberry Plantation, DFLS consumed and Cocoon Production 5.6 108 of Osmanabad District during 2013-2014 Taluka-wise distribution of mulberry cultivated area, number of farmers 5.7 110 and important villages in Osmanabad District C-DAP Stream I Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed Sericulture 5.8 115 Rs.in Lakhs Dist. Osmanabad 5.9 Projected Silkworm Cocoon production in Osmanabad District 116 The projected Silkworm Cocoon production and its value 5.10 116 at the end of XIIth plan period 5.11 Showing Taluqa wise Poultry population in Osmanabad district 123 Showing Projected Production & its value in Osmanabad district at 5.12 124 constant price Showing Projected Production & its value in Osmanabad district at 5.13 125 constant price 5.14 Stream I & II– Animal Husbandry Dept. wise New scheme proposed 126

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Stream I & II Dairy Department wise New scheme proposed in rs. In 5.15 129 lakhs 5.16 Availability of Water spread for fishery development in XII plan period 131 5.17 Growth projections for fishery development in XII plan period. 131 5.18 Financial requirement to initiate fish seed production 135

5.19 INVESTMENT PLAN FOR STOCKING (RUPEES IN LAKHS) 136 5.20 Supply of fisheries requisite 136 5.21 Financial requirement for Strengthening of Fisheries cooperatives 136 Intensive fish farming in ponds /Tanks under Fish Farmers Development 5.22 137 Agency (FFDA) 5.23 Possible employability in fisheries in Osmanabad district. 137 Infrastructure Facilities required developing fisheries activity 5.24 138 in Osmanabad district 5.25 Investment plan for ongoing schemes (Rs. in lakhs) 138 Investment plan for new schemes for developing Infrastructure /Market 5.26 139 facilities 5.27 Stream I Departmentwise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs (Fisheries) 139 Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing (Social 5.28 140 Forestry) 5.29 Projections regarding Agro-Based Units by NABARD PLP Plan 146 5.30 Annual Action Plan Targets and Achievements 150 5.31 Agriculture Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme (Latest Year) District 150 5.32 Position of Kisan Credit Cards Scheme in District 150 Comparative Per Hectare Cost (A) and Gross Income by Crop Cutting 6.1 Survey (CCS) and Through Adoption of Marathwada Agriculture 153 University Technology C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract ( Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad 6.2 163 - 171 C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth (Revised) Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad 6.3 Abstract of C-DAP 172

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Executive Summary

Osmanabad District

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

E.S. 1. INTRODUCTION : This comprehensive district agricultural plan (C DAP): a) Assesses the available natural physical and human resources in the district and possibilities of their fuller or better utilization for acceleration in growth with more scientific and technological methods and purposive investments;

b) Identifies the social, infrastructural, agronomical, and governance weaknesses which have so long impeded the processes of growth and development and led to backwardness, lower levels of living and poverty;

c) Recommends strategies and scores of practicable projects, schemes and programmes for overcoming the weaknesses along with estimates of financial out lays required and the outcomes expected from them; and d) Suggests appropriate agencies for implementing the various projects, schemes and programmes along with the proposals for strengthening them and for raising their capabilities to match the requirements of effective implementation.

This (C – DAP) describes what the district can achieve over a medium term of three years and how it should work to achieve it. The C – DAP has been prepared with the following objectives:-

1) To continuously raise productivity, production, employment and income in agriculture and allied activities through optimal utilization of natural and human resources ;

2) To strengthen, reorganize or newly build up physical infrastructure and institutions to effectively help adopt and operate modern technologies and practices to provide further impetus to agricultural growth and rural Development;

3) To provide food security and to eliminate hunger;

4) To focus all activities in support of small and marginal farmers, poor and disadvantaged people with a view to secure social justice and to reduce poverty and distress;

5) To continuously improve economic well being and quality of life of all stake holders in the district; and

6) To help the district to take off on a faster track of growth and sustainable development.

Along with crops and their productivities, the C-DAP deals with all the infrastructural and allied activities like soil health and conservation, optimal utilization of land and water resources, adequacy and purity of inputs, credit, marketing, livestock, dairying , poultry, fisheries, sericulture, agro-processing,

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 agro services and strengthening of research, education and extension services, for a continuing technological upgradation of the entire farming system. These goals and the strategies ( meaning courses of action) to achieve them have been discussed in the CDAP for different sectors and services supporting them.

OSMANABAD DISTRICT It is one of the historical towns of the Marathwada Region. It is located in the southern part of Marathwada, between 17.350 to 18.400 North latitude and 75.160 to 76.400 East longitudes. It is located about 600 meters above the sea level. It is bounded by Solapur district to the South – West, by Ahmednagar district to North – West, by Beed district to the North and by Latur district to East.

The total geographical area of Osmanabad district is 7512.4 sq. kms. Out of which 241.45 kms., area is urban and 7271.0 sq. kms area is rural indicating the dominance of the rural sector ( i.e. 97%)

The district has 8 talukas and 737 villages population is 16.57 Lakhs out of which 84.3% is rural. Density of rural population is 198 per km2. The sex ratio is 924:1000. By 31st March 2006, there were a total number of 622 Gram Panchayats in the district. There are 8 towns in the district of which Osmanabad town has B category municipally while the remaining 7 towns have C category of municipalties.

Osmanabad district comes under Deccan Plateau and Hills region. It is considered as one of the most industrially backward district in the state.

E.S. 2 VISION, GOALS AND THE MAIN POINTS OF SWOT:

A ten year vision for the district is that: i) It should be doubling its production from agriculture and allied activities; ii) It should have modern physical, social and institutional infrastructure; iii) It should have healthy sustainable environment and full employment; and iv) It should be free of poverty, ignorance and social or gender disparities.

The goals for the Medium term of 3 years of the twelth plan should be to ; i) Quickly set all the processes of growth and equity in motion in a mission mode; ii) Achieve a growth rate of not less than 4% per annum for agriculture and not less than 8% per annum for allied activities; iii) Promote and activate Gram Panchayats to functionally contribute to improvement of primary education, health services minor irrigation and agricultural production; and Organise asset poor and asset less farmers into self help groups and help them transform into providers of services critically beneficial in rejuvenation of agriculture of the village including their own holdings and thereby reduce poverty to less than 15 percent;

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

The SWOT analysis shows what the district is capable of doing; what it is doing and what it should be doing. The district has substantial but underutilized potential of irrigation. It has a capability of raising higher value crops and raising productivities of almost all the crops with better cultivation practices. The district has inherently good soils but they have been getting degraded for long for want of watershed development works as well as lack of nourishment based upon soil testing and scientific advice. Thirty percent of lands are owned and operated by small and marginal farmers who make almost sixty percent of all farmers. They are generally poor and do not afford to keep even a pair of bullocks. Those small farms are non-viable and because of indifferent cultivation are not making any contribution to agricultural production. As a result sixty percent of all farmers owning and operating those nonviable farms are all poor and living a life of bare existence.

The greatest infrastructural gap likely to impede the process of growth is the shortage of electricity supply and the load shedding in the rural areas for the whole day and more.

There appear to be many executive gaps as well, which are likely to slow down the process of implementation of CDAP projects, schemes and programmes. Presently the coordination linkages between different departments and between the different wings of the agriculture department are weak. The interface between the activities of government departments and those of Panchayat Raj Institutions is weaker. Those gaps would make a great difference as performance of most of the entities in the district is at mediocre levels.

E.S. 3 AREAS AND SECTORS WHICH NEED TO BE ADRESSED:

On the background of the vision, medium term goals and the SWOT analysis of the district we have identified a few areas and sectors to be addressed and formulated a few strategies, schemes, projects and programmes for implementation during the twelth five year plan. More important of them are briefly described below:

1) Watershed development – project is to complete watershed development work on all lands not tackled so far.

2 - Minor Irrigation – 45,600 new wells – 40,000 farm ponds and 57,000 wells micro irrigation systems. Good maintenance of existing M.I. schemes and restoration of those in disrepair.

3 - Net work of new talukawise soil testing laboratories, upgrading of the existing laboratory at the dist. H.Q. and organizing local services for drawing soil samples and for reaching them upto laboratories. 4 – Strengthening of extension services and intensification of training and demonstrations.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

5 – Organising asset poor and assetless farmers into self help groups and empowering, training and helping them to transform themselves as providers of services critically beneficial to the village community. Because of their services their nonviable farms would be joining in the production line and because of additional employment and income they will be coming out of the poverty trap.

6 – Supporting and functionally activating Gram Panchayats, Panchayat Samities and Zilla Parishad to positively contribute towards i) improvements in primary education and health services; ii) Development of minor irrigation and restoration of existing schemes now in disrepair; iii) Organising asset poor and assetless farmers into SHGs, help them undertake agro-services, to create employment and reduce poverty; and iv) to actively participate in all CDAP projects, schemes and programmes under implementation for raising agricultural production of the district.

7 – Ensuring adequacy, timeliness and purity of all input supplies;

8 –Strengthening of implementation agencies. Particular attention is given to provide for participation by Panchayat Raj Institutions, NGOs and non-official experts at all levels. They are to be organizationally strengthened and motivated so that they participate in implementation of CDAP with enhanced capabilities more effectively.

9 – The following areas need special attention for development; i) Major part of the district is identified as drought prone area; hence to improve the incomes of the rural population allied activities like dairy, poultry and goatery should be encouraged.

ii) Development of horticulture, Particularly of grapes, which has export potential needs to be given special attention and encouragement for wineries. iii) Development of irrigation facilities including those of micro-irrigation systems, needs attention. iv) Remote sensing techniques have identified numerous local pockets having ground water lineaments and thus having rich potential. Exploitation of that potential and its optimum use through micro irrigation systems should receive priority.

10 – The CDAP to be implemented in a mission mode, supported by all official and non-official agencies, backed by powerful media and publicity efforts, monitored, supported and inspired by the highest authorities in the state and central governments.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

11 – As Osmanabad District is having shortage of water, it is necessary that all farmers are given a high subsides at 90% of the cost of drip/sprinker irrigation system.

E.S. 4 VARIOUS ON-GOING PROGRAMMES IN THE DISTRICT – A BRIEF CONTEXTUAL GIST: Reduced public investment in agriculture and allied sectors during last decade has resulted in decline in growth rate of agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need of enhancing investment in agriculture (both public and private) to augment productive capacity. As public extension system empowers farmers technologically and economically, it needs to be adequately strengthened.

A large number of schemes and projects sponsored both by the central and State Governments are implemented and are operational in the district. There is need to network and co-ordinate these schemes/projects to empower farmers for enhancing agricultural productivity through resource use efficiency.

Major schemes implemented at the district level are:

AGRICULTURE:

1. Integrated cereal development. 2 Rapid maize development 3. National pulse development. 4. National Oil-seed production. 5. Sugarcane development. 6. Integrated cotton development 7. Seed quality testing. 8 Fertilizer and Pesticide residue analysis.

HORTICULTURE:

9. Employment Linked Horticulture development. 10. Mango Plantation Scheme. 11 Rice based fruit planting. 12 Inter cropping of spices in coconut. 13. Nursery Management. 14. Micro irrigation system. 15 Tribal farmers horticulture development. 16 Pomegranate Oily-disease management. 17 National Bamboo Mission. 18 National Horticulture Mission (NHM) 19. Sanitation and phyto-sanitary certification. 20. Sweet Orange/ Lemon

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION:

21. National Watershed development. 22. River-Vally Project. 23. Farmers participation in national programme of soil and water conservation. 24. Saline & Sodic Soil development 25. Marathwada Watershed Development Mission Programme

EXTENSION:

26 Gender sensitization and participation. 27 Information support to agril extension. 28. Soil, Water, testing. 29 Bio-pesticide production 30 State extension reforms (ATMA) 31 Natural disaster management. 32. National Agril Insurance. 33. Agri-polyclinics and farmers training. 34 Shetkari Magazines and publication. 35 Awards and incentivization scheme.

The State Government has launched Maharashtra Agril Productivity Improvement Campaign (MAHAPIC) for enhancing productivity of major crops by effective networking, convergence and co-ordination of various schemes at district level. Major components of these schemes/projects are:

1. Quality seed/planting material supply. 2. Promotion of village seed movement 3. Training of field extension staff. 4. Training of farmers/groups. 5. Field frontline demonstrations. 6. Promotion of IPM, INM, ICM 7. Supply of critical inputs 8. Gender sensitization. 9. Exposure visits of farmer within and outside country 10. Farmers Field schools 11. Publications, information support and awareness programme.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

5. THE DISTRICT PLAN AT A GLANCE:

Table no. 30 Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 1 Integrated Watershed Management Programme 3700 3500 2000 9200 2 Accelerated Watershed Development Programme 550 450 450 1450 3 Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Jal Bhumi Sandharan 500 500 500 1500 Abhiyan - Under RKVY (Water bodies Repairing and Desiltation Of Tank Total 4750 4450 2950 12150 Agriculture (Extension) 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Horticulture 1 On farm water management under NMSA 1720.00 1820.00 1920.00 5460.00 2 Vermicompost 100 per village at RS.2500/- for 737 50 50 100 200 villages 3 Compost pit in all villages 20 20 40 80 4 Green manuring 1000 plots per talukas 4 4 8 16 5 Biodynamic compost 5 5 10 20

6 Protective cultivation 484 500 600 1584 7 Precision farming 4 4 5 13 8 Production of planting material 70 70 60 200 9 Community Tank Nos 50 500 500 1050 10 Vegetable seed production 60 70 70 200 11 Technology Demonstration 8 9 9 26 12 Strengthening of agri polyclinic 100 100 120 320 13 Strengthening of TSF 10 10 10 30 14 Strengthening of State Govt. nurseries in 160 160 160 480 Osmanabad district. 15 Development of organic farming in vegetable crops 60 70 70 200 in Osmanabad district 16 Establishment of new gardens under EGS 576 577 577 1730

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

17 National Horticulture Mission 750 850 1050 2650

18 HRD in Horticulture 20 20 30 70

19 Registration of Grapes farm for export (Grapenet) 1.50 2.50 5.00 9.00 20 Registration of Mango Orchards for export 0.50 3.00 5.00 8.50 (Mangonet) Total 4153.00 4844.50 5349.00 14346.5 ATMA 1 Support to state extension programmes for 0 0 0 0 extension reforms 2 Koushyalya Vikas Prakshishan 0 0 0 0 3 Samuha Gat Sheti 0 0 0 0 4 Maharashtra Agricultural Competitiveness Project 0 0 0 0 (MACP) Fisheries 1 Establishing fish seed production unit 5 4 4 13 2 Stocking of Fish seed in impounded water - 3 3 6 3 Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries requisite 1.5 1.5 2 5 4 Strengthening of fisheries co-operative Societies 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 5 Fish farmer development agency - 0.01 - 0.01 Total 7.1 9.01 9.5 25.61 Sericulture 1 Assistance of Construction Of Rearing House 111 175 175 461 2 Assistance of Construction Of chawki Rearing 4.2 4.2 4.2 12.6 Center Total 115.2 179.2 179.2 473.6 Dairy Development 1 Supply of khawa/paneer making Machines to milk 50 50 50 150 producer 2 Dairy development Erection of chilling plant 100 100 100 300 Total 150 150 150 450 Social Forestry 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Department Of Co-Operation, Marketing And Textile 1 Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Vyaj Yojna 1200 1400 1600 4200 Total 1200 1400 1600 4200

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Department of Animal Husbandry 1 Supply of mini Setter & Hatchers of 5000 eggs 53 53 106 capacity -- 2 Introduction of Power driven chaff cutter -- 30 30 60 Total -- 83 83 166 Maharashtra State Agriculture Marketing Board (MSAMB) 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No - 31 Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing

Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture (Soil Consevation) 1 ------0 0 0 0 2 ------0 0 0 0 3 ------0 0 0 0 4 ------0 0 0 0 5 ------0 0 0 0 Total --- 0 0 0 0 Agriculture (Extension) 1 National mission on oil seed and oil --- 351.13 471.77 518.94 1341.84 pam 2 National Food security mission - Pulses --- 1477.31 1629.66 1792.56 4899.53 3 National Food security mission - --- 32 40 44 116 Sugercane 4 National Food security mission - --- 347.93 334.62 368.08 1050.63 Coarse crop 5 RKVY - Sugercane Development --- 47 51.7 56.87 155.57 Programme 6 RKVY - Cotton Development --- 2.5 3.5 3.85 9.85 Programme 7 Dry land Farming mission --- 1133.3 1246.6 1371.2 3751.1 8 Rainfed Agriculture Development --- 109.96 120.92 133.01 363.89 Programme 9 Accelerated Fooder Development --- 265.5 265.5 265.5 796.5 Programme 10 Crop pest Surveillance & Advisory --- 14.09 15.49 17.03 46.61 Project 11 Integrated Paddy Production --- 39.52 43.47 47.81 130.8 Programme 12 RKVY - Pigeon pea Production --- 8.83 9.71 10.68 29.22 Programme 13 Publicity Through RKVY Prepration of --- 10 10 11 31 Exhibition material 14 PPP- IAD Maize --- 72 79.2 87.12 238.32

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

15 PPP- IAD Soyaben --- 50.1 55.11 60.62 165.83 16 PPP- IAD Pulses --- 37.2 40.92 45.01 123.13 17 Sub - mission on Agricutural --- 68.07 563 591.15 1222.22 mechanization Total --- 4066.44 4981.17 5424.43 14472.04 Horticulture 1 Mission for integrated development of --- 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 horticulture management

Total --- 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 ATMA --- 1 SUPPORT TO STATE EXTENSION 214.63 311.88 322.25 848.76 PROGRAMMES FOR EXTENSION REFORMS 2 KOUSHYALYA VIKAS PRAKSHISHAN --- 0.90 1.20 1.40 3.50 3 SAMUHA GAT SHETI --- 0.90 1.35 1.80 4.05 --- 4 MAHARASHTRA AGRICULTURAL 68.02 100.00 0.00 168.02 COMPETITIVENESS PROJECT (MACP) Total --- 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33 Fisheries 1 Establishing fish seed production unit --- 5 4 4 13 2 Stocking of Fish seed in impounded --- - 3 3 6 water 3 Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries --- 1.5 1.5 2 5 requisite 4 Strengthening of fisheries co-operative --- 0.6 0.5 0.5 1.6 Societies 5 Fish farmer development agency --- - 0.01 - 0.01 Total --- 7.1 9.01 9.5 25.61 Sericulture 1 District planning & development --- 10.5 22.5 30 63 scheme (supply mulberry cutting .Dfls, trainning ext.) 2 subsidy under RKVY (Supply of --- 50.4 60 60 170.4 rearing equipment & labour chages ext) 3 purchase of cocoon --- 0 100 100 200 4 Supply of Rearing appliances/Farm --- 66.15 105 105 276.15 equipment 5 Package for mulberry plantation --- 26.8 0 0 26.8

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

6 Assistance for Irrigation facility --- 37.06 67.5 67.5 172.06 7 Supply of disinfecting material --- 4.76 7.5 7.5 19.76 8 Assistance forVermicompest --- 0 30 30 60 9 Assistance for Kisan Nursery --- 4.31 5.17 5.17 14.65 Total --- 199.98 397.67 405.17 1002.82 Dairy Development 1 Integrated Dairy Development Project --- 0 2500 2500 5000 (Dairy Farm Park) 2 subsidy under RKVY (Supply of --- 100 100 100 300 rearing equipment & labour chages ext) Total --- 100 2600 2600 5300 Social Forestry 1 MREGS --- 545.5 545.5 545.5 1636.5 2 Campa --- 2.79 14.14 14.14 31.07 3 Central Nursery --- 0.83 9.38 9.38 19.59 4 Van Moahostav --- 0.31 9.38 9.38 19.07 5 IWMP --- 95.69 177.53 175.01 448.23 Total --- 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 Department Of Co-Operation, Marketing And Textile 1 ---- 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 Department of Animal Husbandry 1 A.i.delievery system under Rkvy 2.73216 36.71386 100 50 189.44602 2 Assistance to farmers for promotion of -- -- 15 15 30 integrated livestock farming on 25% distribution subsidy of each district will be as per livestock census 3 establishment of silage making unit -- -- 30 30 60 distribution of each district will be as per livestock census 4 supply of medicines to the animals in -- 14.44 -- 14.44 28.88 cattle camps of drought prone area 5 Distribution of 40 female & 2 male -- -- 1.943 0 1.943 goat in DPAP area 24

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

6 establishment of silage making unit in drought affected districts under rkvy as 98.7 ------98.7 drought mitigation measures 7 stall fed 40+2 goat unit by punyashlok ahilyadevi maharashtra mendhi va sheli 22.5 ------22.5 vikas mahamandal Total 123.93216 51.15386 146.943 109.44 431.469 Maharashtra State Agriculture Marketing Board (MSAMB) 1 -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 1 -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 0

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table no. 32 Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture (Soil Consevation) 1 Formpond (Small) Under RKVY 300 300 300 900 New proposed Scheme 2 - 0 0 0 0 Total 300 300 300 900 Agriculture (Extension) 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Horticulture 1 Establishment of Horticulture 75.00 125.00 135.00 335.00 Garden Under MREGS 2 Production of planting material under 80.00 90.00 100.00 270.00 MREGS 3 Registration of Anar for export 0.00 2.00 5.00 7.00 (Anarnet) Total 155.00 217.00 240.00 612.00 ATMA 1 Support to state extension 0 0 0 0 programmes for extension reforms 2 Koushyalya Vikas Prakshishan 0 0 0 0 3 Samuha Gat Sheti 0 0 0 0 4 Maharashtra Agricultural 0 0 0 0 Competitiveness Project (MACP) Total 0 0 0 0 Fisheries 1 Integrated fish development Project 171 180 190 541 though proper transport marketing facilities cold storage 2 - - - - 3 - - - - - 4 - - - - - 5 - - - - - Total 171 180 190 541

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Sericulture 1 Assistance of farmers trainning center 30.00 30.00 30.00 90.00 2 Assistance for multiend reeling unit 0.00 0.00 10.54 10.54 Total 30.00 30.00 40.54 100.54 Dairy Development 1 Establishment of Milk Routes 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 2 Assistance for multiend reeling unit 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 Total 160.00 170.00 170.00 500.00 Social Forestry 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Department of Co-operation, Marketing and Textile 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Department of Animal Husbandry 1 establishment of gokul grams under -- 500 500 1000 Rashtriya gokul mission 2 establishment of mobile extensions centers for publicity of govt. Schmes -- 100 50 150 & creation of awareness among farmers at District level 3 mobile marketing units for poultry meat and eggs subsidy celling -- 100 100 200 Rs.3.75 Lakhs per unit 4 facilitating market linkage for live birds, animals subsidy celling Rs.2.00 -- 100 100 200 lakhs per unit 5 supply of veterinary mobile units cum 1 unit X 24.00 = Diagnostic labratories -- 24 -- 24.00 lakhs 6 modernization of veterinary -- 43.95 -- 43.95 Dispensaries, Gr-I for online data entry Total -- 867.95 750 1617.95 Maharashtra State Agriculture Marketing Board (MSAMB) 1 R.O. Plant at APMC’s Osmanabad, -- -- 52.2 52.2 Kalamb, Omerga, Murum, Tuljapur, Paranda, Washi and Bhoom 2 Eco-Toilet Plant at APMC’s -- -- 77.75 77.75 Osmanabad, Kalamb, Omerga, Murum, Tuljapur, Paranda, Washi and Bhoom

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Total -- -- 129.95 129.95 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 1 Training cum Demonstration Unit – -- 0.60 -- 0.60 Solar Dehydration Technology 2 Establishment of demonstration cum -- 2.63 -- 2.63 training unit on preparation of dairy product by improved machinery 3 Establishment of demonstration cum -- 7.40 -- 7.40 training for rearing of Osmanabadi Goat 4 Establishment of demonstration cum -- 4.86 -- 4.86 training unit of Deshi Poultry Hatchary 5 Training cum demonstration unit of -- 4.00 -- 4.00 Potato chips processing 6 Establishment of soil micro nutrient -- 14.00 -- 14.00 analysis facility through Automatic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) 7 Establishment of liquid bio-fertilizer -- 15.00 -- 15.00 Unit Total -- 48.49 -- 48.49

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No – 33 Department Wise Production & Growth (Revised) Scheme Proposed Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014- 2015-16 2016- 15 17 Agriculture (soil Conservation) 1 ---- 0 0 0 0 2 ---- 0 0 0 0 3 ---- 0 0 0 0 4 ---- 0 0 0 0 5 ---- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Agriculture (Extension) 1 proposal for assistance to control 100 150 200 450 tobacco leaf eating catterpillar on soyabean,cotton,peagon pea & gram 2 Establishment of New quality 60 50 50 160 testing lab.In dist.level 3 Establishment of district Extention 40 40 40 120 Education centres at Distrist Head quarter 4 Market Intelligence 15 15 20 50 5 Biofertiliser unit 1 each talukas 60 60 120 240 6 Biopesticides production unit 1 0 20 20 40 each talukas

Total 275 335 450 1060 Horticulture 1 Establishment of horticulture 100 100 100 300 training centre at Osmanabad 2 High tech floriculture project for 50 100 70 220 Osmanabad dist. 3 Total:- 150 200 170 520 ATMA 1 Support to state extension 0 0 0 0 programmes for extension reforms 2 Koushyalya Vikas Prakshishan 0 0 0 0

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

3 Samuha Gat Sheti 0 0 0 0 4 Maharashtra Agricultural 0 0 0 0 Competitiveness Project (MACP) Total 0 0 0 0

Fisheries 1 ---- 0 0 0 0 2 ---- 0 0 0 0 3 ---- 0 0 0 0 4 ---- 0 0 0 0 5 ---- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Sericulture 1 mulberry plantation under RKVY 0 31.5 31.5 63 Total 0 31.5 31.5 63 Dairy Development 1 Supply of Improved milch animal 100 100 100 300 under Marathawada vikas Package Yojana Total 100 100 100 300 Social Forestry 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Department of Co-operation, Marketing and Textile 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Department of Animal Husbandry 1 Clean Milk Production through supply of Milking machines to -- 31.25 31.25 62.5 farmers on 25% subsidy 2 Assistance to farmers for promotion of Integrated Livestock -- 625 625 1250 Farming on 25% subsidy 3 Fodder production From Fallow 60 lands distribution of each -- 30 30 district will be as per livestock census

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4 Establishment of Hydroponics 30 fodder production unit distribution of each -- 15 15 district will be as per livestock census 5 Establishment of A Azolla 30 production unit distribution of each -- 15 15 district will be as per livestock census 6 Fodder production at farms of MLDB, Ship& Goat Dev. -- 33.345 -- 33.345 Carporation of Maharashtra Total -- 749.595 716.25 1465.845 Maharashtra State Agriculture Marketing Board (MSAMB) 1 -- 0 0 0 0 Total 0 0 0 0 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 1 Training cum Demonstration Unit – -- 0.48 0.48 0.96 Solar Dehydration Technology 2 Establishment of demonstration -- 0.32 0.32 0.64 cum training unit on preparation of dairy product by improved machinery 3 Establishment of demonstration -- 0.32 0.32 0.64 cum training for rearing of Osmanabadi Goat 4 Establishment of demonstration -- 0.32 0.32 0.64 cum training unit of Deshi Poultry Hatchary 5 Training cum demonstration unit of -- 0.48 0.48 0.96 Potato chips processing Total -- 1.92 1.92 3.84

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Details of CDAP proposals are given in chapters IV, V and VI, along with targets and outcomes and costs for each. The above table is the summary of financial outlays of the CDAP shown separately for both new and ongoing projects, innovative schemes and programmes.

Total outlay proposed in this CDAP is Rs. 66974.74 lakh out of which Rs. 7862.615 lakhs is for new projects (Proforma III & IV).

In stream II, we have mainly included ongoing schemes. The department may have to reexamine stream II proposals both for adequacy of allocations and inclusion of all on going schemes.

CDAP has assumed that all approved and ongoing major irrigation projects would be completed in the twelveth plan period. The total outlay required for completing them is 505 crores. This is not included in CDAP proposals as we are sure the department of water resources will provide them outside the CDAP. It would be desirable that Ministry of Agriculture pursues this case with Ministry of water resources and ensures that adequate provision to complete & modernize irrigation projects are provided adequate budget under Bharat Nirman/AIBP or other sources.

6 PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS THAT CAN BE ENVISAGED IN THE C-DAP:

The Planning Commission has set a very high target for investment in infrastructure sector. The Eleventh Five year plan would be consequentially looking out for the possibilities of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) to meet a part of the investment needs. The CDAP proposals also have a large element of investments in watershed development and minor irrigation. Both these types are small and widely scattered works spread all over the rural areas. Moreover, the individual beneficiaries can be identified for minor irrigation works like dug wells and farm ponds but not for watershed development. If, however, it is necessary to bring in more investments through the PPP route, mandalwise or village cluster wise lots of all the three types of works combined can be made for appropriate sizes of investment say 10, 25 or 50 crores. All aspects of tendering, contracting and other modalities may have to be handled by the department of Agriculture as the Chief Authority for implementing the CDAP. Implementing projects through the PPPs should, however, be more challenging than that under conventional practices. One advantage of PPPs should, obviously, be timely and speedy completion of projects enabling reaping benefits of the works relatively very fast. It is suggested that the implementation of CDAP projects should not, in any case, be tied up with EGS funds and the availability of local unemployed labour. Agriculture growth is more important and speedy implementation of CDAP will do much more for reducing unemployment and poverty and rural development. PPP pattern is likely to use machines and keep to the time schedules without 32

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 which a part of soil work done under conventional methods and even in private sector goes waste because of delays or untimely rains.

Another project for which PPP may be envisaged is setting up of eight talukawise soil testing laboratories, upgrading of the district H.Q. – Laboratory and operating the entire net work for five years.

Other projects which may attract PPP are setting up and operating a large wheat flour mill and a plant for production of modern agricultural tools, implements and small machines and repairs to all machines. The CDAP has, however not proposed any out lays for this last group of agro industries.

7 EXPECTED OUTCOMES AS A RESULT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN: This comprehensive district Agriculture plan C-DAP, has been prepared under the guidelines of the RKVY. It deals with all these issues comprehensively. It attempts to provide solutions to overcome several impediments which are presently obstructing the development process. It presents scores of actionable projects, schemes, and programmes which, if implemented properly will help the district to shed out its agricultural backwardness and to take off on a fast growth track of much higher than 4% per annum growth of agricultural production.

As a result of implementation of the CDAP all sectors are expected to have a substantial addition to the gross production in the district. The proposals of C-DAP will provide employment to thousands of unemployed or partly employed people, raise standards of living in rural areas, reduce poverty and distress, and specially reach the benefits of growth and development to the thousands of small and marginal farmers who are mostly in distress today because of the non- viability of their farms and several other consequential handicaps. Naturally, this last group of small and marginal farmers and their handicaps are the focus of attention of many C-DAP proposals.

Earnest implementation of all C-DAP projects, schemes and programmes will result in simultaneous increments in productivity of each crop and each of the allied activities, in each farm in each village, and in each block in the district. Combined with improvements in credit, marketing . employment and other infrastructure , the overall growth is bound to have a multiplier effect. It should be certainly possible to raise farm production and farmer incomes at least by 50% over a medium term of five years. That should mean the beginning of the Second Green Revolution. The momentum generated, the self confidence gained by the farmers in the process and the continuing upgrading of agro- technologies will continue to lift the district economy to higher and higher levels in future. Outcomes of all the efforts will remain in the farmer's hands. No one else will claim any share or tax from them. Even the access to credit will be much easier and cheaper than what it has been during the past several decades. Accomplishment of this C-DAP will thus lead to the most desired well-being of the people of the district.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Proforma-I C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr.No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 4750.00 4450.00 2950.00 12150.0 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 0 0 0 0 3 Horticulture 0 4153.00 4844.50 5349.00 14346.50 4 ATMA 0 0 0 0 0 5 Fisheries 0 7.10 9.01 9.50 25.61 6 Sericulture 0 115.20 179.20 179.20 473.60 7 Dairy Development 0 150.00 150.00 150.00 450.00 8 Social Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 9 Co-operation 0 1200.00 1400.00 1600.00 4200.00 10 Animal Husbandry 0 0 83.00 83.00 166.00 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 0 0 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 10375.3 11115.71 10320.7 31811.71 Proforma-II C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract ( Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr.No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 0 0 0 0 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 4066.44 4981.17 5424.43 14472.04 3 Horticulture 0 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 4 ATMA 0 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33 5 Fisheries 0 7.1 9.01 9.5 25.61 6 Sericulture 0 199.98 397.67 405.17 1002.82 7 Dairy Development 0 100 2600 2600 5300 8 Social Forestry 0 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0 10 Animal Husbandry 123.93216 51.15386 146.943 109.44 431.469 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 0 0 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 0 0 0 Total 123.9322 6104.834 10286.53 10785.12 27300.42

Proforma-III C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr. No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 300 300 300 900 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 0 0 0 0 3 Horticulture 0 155.00 217.00 240.00 612.00 4 ATMA 0 0 0 0 0 5 Fisheries 0 171 180 190 541 6 Sericulture 0 30.00 30.00 40.54 100.54 7 Dairy Development 0 160.00 170.00 170.00 500.00 8 Social Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0 10 Animal Husbandry 0 0 867.95 750 1617.95 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 129.95 129.95 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 48.49 0 48.49 Total 0 816 1813.44 1820.49 4449.93

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Proforma-IV C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth (Revised) Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr. No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 0 0 0 0 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 275 335 450 1060 3 Horticulture 0 150 200 170 520 4 ATMA 0 0 0 0 0 5 Fisheries 0 0 0 0 0 6 Sericulture 0 0 31.5 31.5 63 7 Dairy Development 0 100 100 100 300 8 Social Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0 10 Animal Husbandry 0 0 749.595 716.25 1465.845 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 0 0 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 1.92 1.92 3.84 Total 0 525 1418.015 1469.67 3412.685 Proforma-IV C-DAP Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Sr. No. Name of Department Proposed Financial Programme Total 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 5050.00 4750.00 3250.00 13050 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 4341.44 5316.17 5874.43 15532.04 3 Horticulture 0 5208.59 6242.88 6916.72 18368.19 4 ATMA 0 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33 5 Fisheries 0 185.20 198.02 209.00 592.22 6 Sericulture 0 345.18 638.37 656.41 1639.96 7 Dairy Development 0 510.00 3020.00 3020.00 6550 8 Social Forestry 0 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 9 Co-operation 0 1200.00 1400.00 1600.00 4200 10 Animal Husbandry 123.93216 51.15386 1847.488 1658.69 3681.264 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 129.95 129.95 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 50.41 1.92 52.33 Total 123.9322 17821.13 24633.7 24395.98 66974.74

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CHAPTER -- I INTRODUCTION

1.1 OBJECTIVES: This Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan (C - DAP) describes what the district can achieve over a medium term of five years and how it should work to achieve it. The C – DAP has been repaired with the following objectives:-

1) To continuously raise productivity, production, employment and income in agriculture and allied activities through optimal utilization of natural and human resources; 2) To strengthen, reorganize or newly build up physical infrastructure and institutions to effectively help adopt and operate modern technologies and practices to provide further impetus to agricultural growth and rural Development; 3) To provide food security and to eliminate hunger; 4) To focus all activities in support of small and marginal farmers, poor and disadvantaged people with a view to secure social justice and to reduce poverty and distress; 5) To continuously improve economic well being and quality of life of all stake holders in the district; and 6) To help the district to take off on a faster track of growth and sustainable development.

Along with crops and their productivities the C-DAP deals with all the infrastructural and allied activities like soil health and conservation, optimal utilization of land and water resources, adequacy and purity of inputs, credit, marketing, livestock, dairying, poultry, fisheries, sericulture, agro-processing, agro services and strengthening of research, education and extension services, for continuing technological up gradation of the entire farming system.

These goals and the strategies (meaning courses of action) to achieve them have been discussed in the following chapters on different sectors and services supporting them. All the strategies are designed to continuously raise productivity.

The C-DAP proposals will provide employment to thousands of employed or partly employed people, raise standards of living in rural areas, reduce poverty and distress, and specially reach the benefits of growth and development to the thousands of small and marginal farmers who are mostly in distress today because of the non- viability of their farms and several other consequential handicaps, Naturally, this last group of small and marginal farmers and their handicaps are the focus of attention of many C-DAP proposals.

The most important aspect of C-DAP is the implementation of strategies. For doing it effectively we have to strengthen, reorganize or newly build up physical infrastructure and institutions to effectively help adopt and operate modern technologies and practices and to provide farther impetus to agricultural growth and rural development.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Earnest implementation of all C-DAP projects, schemes and programmes will result in simultaneous increments in productivity of each crop and each of the allied activities, in each farm in each village, and in each block in the district. Combined with improvements in credit, marketing, employment and other infrastructure, the overall growth is bound to have a multiplier effect. It should be certainly possible to raise farm production and farmer incomes at least by 50% over a medium terra of five years. That should mean the beginning of the Second Green Revolution. The momentum generated, the self confidence gained in reprocess and the continuing upgrading of agro- technologies will continue to lift the district economy to higher and higher levels in future. Outcomes of all the efforts will remain in the farmer's hands. No one else will claim any share or tax from them. Even the access to credit will be much easier and cheaper than what it has been during the past several decades. Accomplishment of this C-DAP will thus lead to the most desired well-being of the people of the district.

1.2 GOVERNMENT OF INDIA'S INITIATIVES :- The Government of India has taken several significant initiatives during the last 3/4 years. A few of them may be mentioned:-

i) The task force on revival of co-operative credit institutions (vaidyanathan committee) constituted in 2004, It reported in December 2004. ii) Launching of the National Rural Employment Guarantee scheme in 2004. iii) Constitution of an Expert Group on Ground water Management and ownership 2005. iv) National Farmers Commission 2006. It submitted five reports. v) Declaration of National Policy on Farmers 2007 vi) Launching of Food Security Mission 2007 vii) Establishment of National Rainfed Areas Authority 2007 viii) Launching of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojaaa ( RKVY) 2007, ix) Watershed Development and micro irrigation programmes; x) The Loan waiver scheme for fanners 2008.

The Planning Commission's approach paper to the 12th five year plan also reflects the national concern for inclusive growth. In fact, that paper is titled" Towards a faster and more inclusive growth. The pro poor inclusiveness is bound to be the future strategy of development. It shall be operative in two ways. First is that sectors like agriculture which had been neglected in the earlier decade would again be contributing to the vibrant economy. Second is that the poorer sections of the population whom the earlier growth process had bypassed shall be enabled to fully engage themselves with the development process.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

The core purposes behind all the above initiatives are;

1) Rejuvenation of Agriculture and reversal of the downward trend in agricultural production; 2) Acceleration of growth of agricultural production; 3) Optimal utilization of land and water resources; 4) Creation of additional employment; 5) Reduction of poverty; 6) Immediate relief to indebted farmers; 7) Decentralized development planning with reference to location specific, potentials, needs and problems 8) Special attention to and focus generally upon poor and especially upon small and marginal farmers whose farm holdings are not viable and who for this and several other handicaps live in poverty and distress.

Looking to the above initiatives and the core purposes underlying them generally, and especially to the RXVY with its assertive precondition of decentralized comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (C-DAPS) based upon agro climatic variations, location specific potentials , needs and problems , one can confidently say that the bad days of neglect and indifference towards this district, its development potential , its needs and its problems are at last gone. In their place a new era has dawned in which well organized and determined efforts of each and every farmer will be enthusiastically and actively supported by Gram Panchayat, NGO's. Local Technology Support Groups, Banks and higher entities in the Agricultural Department, District Administration. KVKs and the Agricultural University. The GP, NGOs and the village TSG will together ensure that no farmer or no farm remains out of the campaign or remains unsupported. Generally, the farmers will need technological advice on soil health, soil nutrients, fertilizers,, adequate and pure seeds and harvesting or marketing . The poor small and marginal farmers would, in addition, need support of agro-services, bullocks, tools implements etc, and a sort of small working capital loan for payment of those services. A tripartite arrangement may have to be made between a Bank, GP and the individual small farmer or a self help group formed by a group of small farmers for meeting expenses up to harvesting time.

1.3. METHODOLOGY: During the first eight weeks, the team of experts had a series of meetings to brainstorm the full range of ideas in their minds as to what might be included in the C-DAP. The discussions were lively. The thoughts of each member were stimulating to the others and a big flow of ideas took place. The flow of ideas was free.

The members of the team jointly and severally visited the district frequently. The visits were to important ongoing schemes, projects and to the local cases of successes achieved by progressive entrepreneurial farmers. Similarly the team jointly and severally participated in the numerous rounds of discussions, with district officers and representatives of local institutions like the KVK. The Agriculture University

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Parbhani had called two such meetings and the collector of the district three. All those visits and discussions helped us in gaining insights on the issues involved and in firming up of our proposals for the C-DAP.

1.4 THE STRUCTURE OF This C-DAP :

This C -DAP has been prepared in accordance with the RKVY guidelines and Planning Commission's Manual, The scheme of six chapters and their sections follows the manual, Paragraphs in each section have been numbered separately.

The Manual scheme does not have separate chapters or sections for a few important topics like extension, research, implementation of C -DAP etc. In such cases, we have incorporated our proposals in the sections dealing with constraints or interventions. Our proposals on plan implementation are included in chapter 6' towards the end of the section on C-DAP.

In accordance with the Manual, we have given an 'Executive Summary' of the C - DAP at its beginning. Tables as received from the SAO have been used in this C- DAP.

A list of maps and figures is presented after the contents indicating their location as pages containing those maps or figures.

1.5 KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA :

The Krishi Vigyan Kendra is functioning at Tuljapur, Dist. Osmanabad since 2004 with the financial assistance from the Indian Council of Agriculture Research, New Delhi & working under the administrative control of Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani. The mandatory work assigned to Krishi Vigyan Kendra by Council is conducting On Farm Trials (OFT), Technology Demonstrations and Front Line Demonstrations (FLDs) on oilseeds, pulses and other crops on farmers field. Besides this conducting the trainings for practicing farmers, Rural Youths, Extension functionaries and Vocational trainings are the mandatory work assigned to KVK. In addition to this, Agricultural Extension Services are provided by developing linkages with State Department, NGO’s, Agro-Input Agencies & line departments engaged in rural developmental activities.

1.6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) would like to express its gratitude to the Agriculture Department of Government - of Maharashtra for its appointment as a Technical Support Institution" to work on and to facilitate the preparation of Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (C-DAPs) of Osmanabad District.

The KVK would like to record its appreciation and deep gratitude to all the members of the steering and research consultant’s team for their painstaking efforts on C- DAP. For each sub-sector, they have –

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

i) looked at the under utilized potential, ii) checked crop wise productivity gaps; iii) examined prevailing agricultural practices and inputs availabilities, iv) over viewed ongoing programmes, - v) assessed the limitations of extension, training and implementing systems, and vi) recommended some interventions and innovations.

In several ways the C-DAP is a reflection of the richness of experience and insights of the members of the team of experts.

The team members had met hundreds of Farmers, Officers, Office bearers. "NGOs and social Workers”. All of them, very enthusiastically, -shared their ideas, experiences, and concerns with us and helped us in firming up of our proposals. All those visits, meetings and discussions provided ample evidence that the farmers in general would positively respond to CDAP initiatives.

We are deeply grateful to all of them and to each one of them.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

APPENDIX- I

THE TEAM OF EXPERTS WORKING WITH THE KVK, TULJAPUR FOR C- DAP

A. Steering Group

1. Dr. B.B.Bhosle Director of Extension Education, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agricultural University, Parbhani.

2. Dr. V.G. Takankhar Programme Co-ordinator, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tuljapur Dist Osmanabad.

3. Prof. A.V. Gutte Extension Agronomist, Regional Agriculture Extension Education Center, Ambejogai.

4. Er. S. L. Suryawanshi Subject Matter Specialist (Agril. Engg.) Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tuljapur Dist - Osmanabad.

B. Research Consultants

1. Dr. D. N. Gokhale Associate Dean & Principal, College of Agriculture, Parbhani

2. Dr. B. R. Pawar Head, Dept. of Economics, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Agriculture University, Parbhani.

3. Dr. S. H. Kamble Associate Professor, Agril. Economics, COA, Latur.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

C. Information Resource Officials

1. Sh. S.M. Totawar District Superintendent Agril. Officer, Osmanabad

2. Sh. M.S. Miniyar Dy. Director, DSAO Office, Osmanabad

3. Sh. V.D. Lokhande Project Director, ATMA, Osmanabad

4. Dr. S.S. Bhosle District Dy. Commissioner, Animal Husbandry, Osmanabad

5. Sh. S.J. Sawalkar District Dairy Development Officer, Osmanabad

6. Sh. M.R. Digole Sericulture Development Officer, Osmanabad

7. Sh. R.D. Aurange Dy. Commissioner, Fishery Dept., Osmanabad

8. Sh. U.M. Mikalwar Dy. Director, Social Forestry, Osmanabad

9. Sh. A.V. Sanghvikar Tech. Officer, DSAO Office, Osmanabad

10. Sh. Atul Jagtap Agril. Asstt., DSAO Office, Osmanabad

11. Sh. B.G. Vidhate Agril. Asstt., DSAO Office, Osmanabad

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

APPENDIX - II

METHODOLOGY – TECHNICAL NOTE: The following methodology is adopted in different chapter analyses of the problems and to suggest solutions. –

Estimation of Intra-District Growth Differentials: For estimation of intra- district (or inter-taluka)difference, the district average is considered as the base or (100). The productivity of each crop a the district level has been compared with the productivity of that crop at taluka level and productivity indices prepared.

Finally, the productivity indices of 12 major crops in each taluka are added and a composite' index of all crops was prepared. This composite index represents the intra- district growth differentials of that district. (Chapter II)

Lorenz curve: To measure the inequality in distribution of land holdings and land operated by various categories of farmers (marginal, small, large farmers) the well known method of Lorenz Curve is used. Two Lorenz Curves are depicted for the State of Maharashtra, to understand the level of inequality at the district compared to the state levels.

Growth Rates: For estimating the projected level of output at given period of time ( for 5 years) compound growth rates (CGR) are used. i.e. 4% for agriculture, and 6% for allied activities'.'-The following formula is used.

A=-P(1+r )n...... (1) 100

Where, A = Amount or final output, P = initial output, R = growth rate, N = number of years.

GAP ANALYSIS: For estimating the difference between district/taluka level per hectare productivity and the productivity per hectare of Front Line Demonstration, the gap analysis is followed.

Formula for estimating growth rate: R = {(A/P)1/n – 1}

Estimation of trend growth rates: For estimating the long-term growth rates of the past 8-10 years of each crop ( i.e. 1999-2000 to 2006-07) the method of Least square is followed : i) Yc = a + bx ...... (i) for estimating trend growth rate

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Usefulness of the method : Generally productivity / production of crops differs form year to year, may be due to climatic conditions scanty & irregular rainfall, diseases, etc. the least square method eliminates such fluctuations and a trend growth rate over a period can be obtained. This trend growth rate can be used for projections during the 5 year period.

Estimation of Gross Value Added of Districts: For estimating the Gross Value of output of agriculture, horticulture, floriculture, milk, meat, eggs, fish etc. we have used 1999-2000 prices (constant prices) so as to understand the real changes in the value of output. The prices have been obtained from the respective APMC offices, of the district.

Estimation of income of various categories of farmers: After estimating the Gross Values of output of each district, this total value of output has been allocated to each category of cultivators in their proportion, i.e. proportion of marginal farmers; small farmers, medium and large farmers, etc. This allocated proportion is divided by the total number of farmers in each category so as to obtain average income of the cultivator in each category.

(i) This kind of estimation is made at two points of time, i.e. base year (2006-07) and final year 2011-12. This will enable us to find out the changes in level of incomes of the cultivators at two points of time.

(ii) The Compound Growth Rate of incomes of cultivators are also estimated at two points of time.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CHAPTER - II

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE OSMANABAD DISTRICT

1) LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL AREA:

Osmanabad district formed part of the former Nizam’s Rule, till 1948. it is one of the historical towns of the Marathwada Region. It is located in the southern part of Marathwada, between 17.350 to 18.400 North latitude and 75.160 to 76.400 East longitudes. It is located about 600 meters above the sea-level. It is bounded by Solapur district to the South-West, by Ahmednagar district to North-West; by Beed district to the North, and by Latur district to East.

The total geographical area of Osmanabad district is 7512.4 sq. kms of the total geographical area 241.4 sq. kms area is urban and 7271.00 sq. kms. area is rural, indicating the dominance of the rural sector (i.e. 97%).

2) ADMINISTRATIVE SET-UP:

For administrative convenience, the district is divided info 8 Tahsils, namely- 1) Osmanabad 2) Lohara 3) Omerga 4)Tuljapur 5) Bhum 6) Paranda 7) Kallamb and 8) Washi. There are two sub-divisions, at Osmanabad and Bhoom District Collector’s office is located in Osmanabad town.

There are 8 Panchayat Samities in the district, at the tahsil level. The Zilla Parishad offices, under the Panchayati Raj system is located in Osmanabad town. The Chief Executive Officer is the administrative Chief of the Zilla Parishad Administration.

There are a total number of 737 villages in the district (2011); of which 729 villages are inhabited. By 31 March 2011, there were a total number of 622 Grampanchayats in the district (see table 2.1).

There are a total number of 8 towns in the district; of which Osmanabad town has ‘B’ category of municipality while the remaining 7 towns have ‘C’ category of municipalities.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table- 2.1 General information of the District District - Osmanabad General Population (As per the 2011 Census) Name Of Villages No. of No. Sr.No. Area in Taluka Revenue of Male Female Total S.C. S.T. In Hebetated Un In Hebetated ha. villages GPs. 1 Osmanabad 127 1 128 132615 111 210800 194936 405736 67996 13496 2 Tuljapur 121 2 123 143600 107 144889 133990 278879 45386 3378 3 Omarga 94 2 96 93625 79 138290 131229 269519 43869 5665 4 Lohara 47 0 47 52870 45 60258 56454 116712 18278 1323 5 Bhoom 95 1 96 88658 73 71772 64973 136745 18234 1827 6 Paranda 95 1 96 81000 73 73688 66460 140148 16817 1376 7 Kallam 96 1 97 87452 88 113762 103925 217687 40327 5660 8 Washi 54 0 54 68658 46 48076 44074 92150 14277 3314 District - Osmanabad 729 8 737 748478 622 861535 796041 1657576 265184 36039 Source: Agril Census 2011

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

3) RAIN-FALL, CLIMATE, RIVER SYSTEM AND SOILS: The rainy season in the district commences from the month of middle of June and ends at the end of September, each year. The normal rainfall of the district is 767 mm; while the actual rainfall in 2013 was 658 mm; and 449 mm in 2014. It reflects upon the big variation in rainfall from the normal rainfall. Again, there is variation in rainfall among the 8 Tahsils of the district. For example, in 2014 the maximum rainfall was received by Washi taluka (542 mm), while the minimum was received by Kalamb taluka (344 mm). The Winter season begins from October and ends in January; the summer season begins in April and ends in June. The climate of Osmanabad district is cooler during summer season when compared to other districts of Marathwada Region.

Bhoom, Paranda talukas come under drought prone area zones. The minimum temperature during winter drops to 110c, while the maximum temperature during summer goes up to 430c.

The district is surrounded by the hills of Balaghat ranges; especially Bhoom, Washi, Kallamb and Tuljapur talukas come under Balaghat ranges. Some part of the district falls under Godavari Valley and some part under Bhima Vally. The Manjra river is the major river of the district, which flows through Kallam and Washi talukas; Terna river, which is a tributary of the Manjra river, flows through Osmanabad, Omerga and Lohara talukas. Sina river is the tributary of the Bhima river, which benefits the talukas of Paranda, Bhoom, Tuljapur and Omerga.

The soils of the district can be divided into two categories. In the first category, the soils are black and fertile; a part of the district has light soils. Due to such characteristics of the soils, both kharip and Rabi crops are raised in the district. Osmanabad and Kallam talukas come under this category. In the second category, the soils are fertile and mainly Rabi crops are raised in these talukas.

Agricultural Zone and Region: Osmanabad district comes under Deccan Plateau and Hills region.

4) MINERALS, FORESTS: There are no mines in Osmanabad district worth their names. Stones and sands are used for building purposes.

The forest area in the district is 6700 hectares or only 0.9% of the total geographical area of the district; as against the state average of 16.9%. By international standard, the forest area has to be at least 33% of the geographical area of the region. To protect environmental condition and to raise rainfall, the district should aim at increasing the area under forest through various social forestry programmes.

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE: POPULATION : According to the Census of population of 2011, Osmanabad district has a total population of 16.57 lakh persons; of which 8.61 lakhs are males while 7.96 lakhs are females. The sex ratio is 924 females per thousand of males as against the state average of 925 females.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

The rural population of the district is 13.75 lakhs (or 83%) while urban population is 2.82 lakh persons (or 17%) of total population of the district. This indicates a low proportion of urbanization as against the State average of 42%.

The density of population is 213 persons per sq. km. of area; as against the State average of 365 persons.

SC/ST POPULATION: The Scheduled Caste population of the district is 2.65 lakh persons forming about 15.99% of the total population; while population of Scheduled Tribes is 36039 or about 2.17% of total population of the district.

AGE COMPOSITION OF THE POPULATION: (1991) : The age structure of the population of Osmanabad district for the year 2001, is shown in Table-2.2. This table clearly indicates that the maximum population of the district is concentrated in the age-group of 7-14 years (i.e. 19.82%) about 2.94 lakh children. Enrollment of 100% children in schools, under the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan programme, is the major objective of our education policy. Another important age-group is the population between 15 years and 60 years, because, this forms the manpower of the district; its proportion is 52.4%. However, to arrive at the figure of labour force, we have to deduct the non-working population form this figure. The last age-group of population, 60 years and above, consists of retired and old persons. Their proportion is also quite high at 12.57% of total population. As longevity of the Indian population is rising due to availability of medical facilities and rising standard of living, this proportion of senior citizens is bound to increase in the years to come. The study of age-composition is important while deciding the expenditure on education, employment and welfare programmes. (See Table – 2.2)

Table – 2.2 Age Composition of population of Osmanabad District (2001)

Sr. Age- Class (years) Population % to total No.

1 0-6 223183 15.01 2 7-14 294705 19.82 3 15-19 144912 9.75 4 20-24 113620 7.64 5 25-29 107728 7.25 6 30-34 99171 6.67 7 35-39 95436 6.42 8 40-49 134323 9.04 9 50-59 83896 5.64 10 60- above 186867 12.57 11 Age not mentioned 2745 0.18

Total 1486586 100.00 Source - Socio - Economic Review of Osmanabad district 2013-14 64

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

LAND UTILIZATION : Land utilization of a region explains the use of land for various purposes. Table – 2.3 Shows this information for Osmanabad district. Some major features of land use pattern are as follows:

i) The total geographical area of the district is 748500 ha; of which forest area is only 0.9% which needs to be improved through investment in social forestry. At the taluka level also the forest area is minimum at 0.4% in Kallamb taluka and maximum at 1.1% in Tuljapur taluka. At state level, the forest area is 16.9%; while by international standards, it has to be 33% of geographical area.

Table – 2.3 Land Utilization in Osmanabad District Area in "00" ha

Sr. no. Area 1 Geographical Area 7485 2 Forest Area 67 Land not available i) + ii) 205

3 i) Non-agricultural use 141

ii) Un-cultivable land 64 Not cultivated land 4 523 (excluding fallow land) Fallow land i) + ii) 844

5 i) Current fallow 612

ii) Other fallow 232 6 Net cultivated area 5844 7 Gross cropped area 7523 8 Intensity of cropping 129

ii) The area not available for cultivation at the district level is 2.8% (or 20500 ha); while the proportion of land which is uncultivable is 7.0% (or 52400 ha). Both current and other fallow lands formed 11.3% of geographical area.

iii) The net cultivated area at the district level is 584400 ha. forming about 78.1% of geographical area of the district. The gross cropped area is 752400 ha, indicating an intensity of cropping of 129% which may be considered as satisfactory.

SIZE OF LAND HOLDINGS AND OPERATIONAL HOLDINGS: Table – 2.4 shows the number of land holdings according to the size of land holding as well as the operational area of each size class.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table – 2.4 Land Holding pattern in Osmanabad District (Agriculture Census 2011)

Size of land Number of Land % of Land % of Area Sr.No. holding (ha.) Holders Operated (ha) Holders Operated 1 0.00 to 1.00 111194 66338 31.18 9.57 2 1.00 to 1.99 130022 186697 36.46 26.92 3 2.00 to 3.99 80191 215585 22.49 31.09 4 4.00 to 9.99 32406 184176 9.09 26.56 5 10.00 to 19.99 2513 31651 0.70 4.56 6 20.00 to above 253 9071 0.07 1.31 Total 356579 693518 100.00 100.00

According to the Agricultural census of 2000-2011, the total no. of land holders in Osmanabad district was 356579 and they operated 693518 hectares of land; or they operated on an average 2.0 ha per cultivator.

The table also shows the distribution of land among various categories of farmers. For example, the proportion of marginal farmers in the district was 31.18% while they operated only 9.57% of total land. The second category is those of small farmers (1 to 1.99 ha); they formed 36.46% of total cultivators but operated 26.92% of total land. In this way the marginal and small farmers together constituted 67.64% of total cultivators in the district, but they operated only 36.49% of total land operated. On the other hand large farmers (more than 10 ha) constituted only 0.77% of the total cultivators but operated 5.87% of total land. Hence, it may be concluded that the distribution of land in Osmanabad district is highly skewed in favour of large farmers.

IRRIGATION POTENTIAL IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT: Osmanabad district has limitations in terms of irrigation potential, due to its geological and rainfall conditions. Most of the rivers are small and dry-up during summer season. Out of the total cultivated area of 584480 hectares, the area under surface irrigation is 143631 ha (24.57%) and the ground water source of irrigation is 5736 ha (1%). In this way the total irrigated area in district is 149367 ha. forming about 26% of total cultivated area. Taluka/Block wise irrigation potential created is shown in table 2.5

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table – 2.5 Block wise irrigation potential created (in ha) % of Total Total Ground Surface Irrigation to Sr.No. Block cultivable Irrigated Water Irrigation cultivated Area Area Irrigation area 1 Osmanabad 112957 26888 25999 889 24 2 Tuljapur 134295 29633 28826 807 22 3 Omerga 82712 21651 20941 710 26 4 Lohara 30417 7762 7484 278 25 5 Bhoom 57654 18862 18244 618 32 6 Paranda 47165 20179 18995 1184 43 7 Kallam 80660 16960 15858 1102 21 8 Washi 38620 7432 7284 148 19 District Total 584480 149367 143631 5736 26

Block wise, the maximum irrigated area is in Paranda block (43%) while minimum is in Washi (19%)

1. LAND USE:- The total geographical area Osmanabad district is 748500 ha. of which cultivable area is 740000 ha. While net sown area happens to be 584400 ha. and it is about 78 percent. Thus the land is few a good scale for management however, thus than 1 percent area fall under forest. This needs close care for forestry.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table 2.6 Data on Weather (Available normal)

Rainfall Temperature Humidity (%) Sr. Name Of No. Taluka Average No. of Rainy Rainfall In Min c Max c Min Max Days mm. 1 Osmanabad 70 751.7 10.5 43.0 28 93 2 Tuljapur 63 837.4 11.0 42.0 28 93 3 Omarga 53 799.0 10.5 43.2 28 93 4 Lohara 51 799.0 11.0 42.0 28 93 5 Bhoom 58 905.9 12.0 41.0 28 93 6 Paranda 41 615.5 11.0 43.0 28 93 7 Kallam 52 715.6 10.5 42.0 28 93 8 Washi 66 715.6 11.0 42.0 28 93 District - 57 767.5 10.7 41.5 28 93 Osmanabad Source : Metrology dept

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table 2.7 Block/Taluka wise monthly rainfall data Name Of Sr.No. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jully Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Taluka 1 Osmanabad 4.0 4.0 54.0 33.0 7.0 152.1 177.7 157.1 207.1 57.7 23.0 8.0 2 Tuljapur 1.0 3.0 46.0 15.0 7.0 140.2 232.8 185.9 198.7 79.8 15.0 3.0 3 Omarga 1.0 3.0 22.0 5.0 7.0 234.4 75.0 294.4 55.1 140.1 15.0 3.0 4 Lohara 1.0 3.0 22.0 5.0 7.0 234.4 75.0 294.4 55.1 140.1 15.0 3.0 5 Bhoom 0.0 3.0 8.0 19.0 4.0 135.8 164.9 368.5 135.6 101.1 8.7 8.0 6 Paranda 0.0 4.0 14.0 7.0 2.0 112.0 137.1 122.5 167.7 76.2 19.3 3.0 7 Kallam 0.0 3.0 27.0 2.0 4.0 156.8 174.0 142.1 190.4 52.3 8.7 8.0 8 Washi 0.0 3.0 27.0 2.0 4.0 156.8 174.0 142.1 190.4 52.3 8.7 8.0 District - Osmanabad 0.8 3.2 27.5 11.0 5.2 165.3 151.3 213.4 150.0 87.4 14.2 5.5 Source: - Collectorate Osmanabad

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

MAIN AND MARGINAL WORKERS IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT: INTRODUCTION: Achievement of full employment is one of the major objectives of the economic policy of any Government. There are other objectives of economic policy like price stability and high economic growth. Our 12th five year plan aims at 9% growth rate of the Gross Domestic product, during the period, 2012-2017. To create higher level of employment a high growth rate of GDP is an important precondition.

Therefore, in this chapter we have discussed the position of employment, unemployment as well as the present position of industrial or non-form development in Osmanabad district. Table – 2.8 Main and marginal workers in Osmanabad District (2011) Sr.No. Main workers Rural Urban Total 1 Cultivators ...... 279971 4264 284235 2 Agriculture Labours...... 254560 10607 265167

Manufacturing, repairs,...... 3 13124 2137 15261 Services & household industry

4 Other workers...... 131742 5489 137231 5 Total Main workers...... 679398 22496 701894 Marginal Workers 6 Cultivators ...... 12863 263 13126 7 Agriculture Labours...... 32984 1374 34358

Manufacturing, repairs,...... 8 3930 640 4570 Services & household industry

9 Other workers...... 19169 799 19968 10 Total Marginal workers...... 68947 3075 72022 Classification of workers 11 Total workers...... 748345 25571 773916

Proportion of workers to total 12 51.423 12.6401 46.69 population of district......

13 Total non-workers...... 706928 176732 883660

Proportion of non- workers to 14 48.58 87.36 53.31 total population of district......

15 Total population of district..... 1455273 202303 1657576

Source: Socio- economic Review of Osmanabad Dist. 2005-06 GOM P.8

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

MAIN AND MARGINAL WORKERS IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT ( 2011 ) Table 2.8 shows the data relating to the Main and Marginal Workers in Osmanabad dist. in 2011.

1) WORKING AND NON-WORKING POPULATION: In 2011, the total population of Osmanabad dist. Was 16.57 lakhs; of which 46.69% or 7.73 lakhs was working population in various sectors of the economy. The remaining 53.31% or 8.83 lakhs, was non-working or dependent population. It may be observed from the table that in rural areas the proportion of workers to total rural population is much higher at 51.42%. In other words the non-working population in urban areas is very high at 87.36%

2) MAIN AND MARGINAL WORKERS: The total no. of workers in Osmanabad dist. in 2011 was 773916; of which 91% or 701894 workers were Main workers, while 9% or 72022 workers were classified as Marginal workers.

3) CULTIVATORS AND AGRICULTURAL WORKERS: There were 284235 main Cultivator and 13126 marginal cultivators in Osmanabad district, or a total of 297361 Cultivators. They formed about 38.4% of total workers. In this way a total number of 596886 cultivators plus agricultural workers are dependent on primary sector of the district economy. ( or 77% ). Policies have to be framed to shift this labour force from agriculture to non – farm sector,

4) MANUFACTURING, HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRY AND REPAIRS, SERVICES: There are 15261 main workers and 4570 marginal workers employed in manufacturing sector making a total of 19831 workers. This forms hardly 2.6% of total workers in the district in 2011. This clearly indicates a very weak industrial base of the district economy. Hence there is need to expand the industrial sector of the district economy.

5) OTHER WORKERS: This category of workers mainly belongs to the personal and services sector. In this sector there are a total no. of 137231 main and 19968 marginal workers, making a total of 157199 workers, forming about 20% total workers.

It has to be noted that the marginal workers in the district are not fully employed. Most of them are under employed and are in the category of disguised unemployed (or their marginal productivity is zero.) Hence there is a problem of providing them with full time jobs in non-farm sector.

EXTENT OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT:

The Employment Exchanges at the district level play an important role in registering the names of the job-seekers in the district. They also play the role of

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 providing guidance and job opportunities in the district. Table no.2.13 gives information relating to the position of unemployment in Osmanabad district during 2010 to 2014.

There were 1842 vacant positions in the district in 2014-15; 869 employers made use of the Employment Exchange, to notify these jobs. The total member of unemployed on live register of the Employment Exchange till end of 2004-15, was quite huge at 39828. Another 7136 job-seekers registered their names at the Employment exchange during the current year.

Table 2.9 Data relating to employment / unemployment Registered with Employment, Self Employment Guidance Centre, Osmanabad District during 2010 to 2014

Information Sr. Particulars 201 no. 2010 2011 2012 2014 3 Number of Posts declared vacant (No. of 1 8027 5508 2686 335 1842 notification during the year) Employers using 2 Employment Exchange 63 91 60 18 869 for Recruitment Total unemployed 3 persons on the register( 53989 52105 47989 38869 39828 till last year) Number of new persons 4 16196 12080 7888 1449 7136 registered in current year Number of persons 5 5091 2642 1278 490 2929 obtaining jobs Number of persons 6 unemployed at the end of 52105 47989 38869 39828 55864 year

Source: Dist.Employment and Self Employment Guidance Center, Osmanabad Exchange during the current year, 2014-15, making to note the total no. of job seekers on live registers to 55864. It is surprising that only 1.55% (or 869 jobs) of the total unemployed (55864) could obtain jobs through the Employment Exchange! Again, although there were 1842 vacant posts, the employment exchange could recruit only 47% (or 869) jobs.

RATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT:- The rate of unemployment is estimated as follows:

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Labour Force = Work Force + No. of unemployed. = 773916 + 55864 = 829780 Rate of unemployment = 6.7%

( Work Force includes, total main workers + Total marginal workers)

The rate of unemployment is quite high and hence needs to be reduced considerably.

DISTRICT INCOME: Govt. of Maharashtra has been publishing Gross and Net- District Domestic Products of all districts in the State of Maharashtra from time to time. Table 2.10 shows sector wise income (gross) of Osmanabad district for the year 2011-12, at constant prices (2004-05 Prices). It is obvious from this table that the proportion of primary sector income in the total income of the district is at 25.94% as against the state average of 8.80%. On the other hand, the proportion of secondary sector income to total income is only 15.18% in Osmanabad as against the state average of 28.86%. This explains the weakness of the industrial sector of Osmanabad district. The tertiary sector contributes 58.88% to the district income of Osmanabad district, as against the state average of 62.34%. (See diagram 2.2).

The proportion of rural population of Osmanabad district to total population is 83%, while the urban population is just 17% according to the census report of 2011. Hence, 83% of the rural population is dependent on primary sector, which produces about 25.94% of district income. This clearly explains a heavy dependence of rural population on agriculture & allied activities. This large proportion of population & labour force needs to be diverted to other non-farm activities in this district, through larger investments. This strategy has to be followed for a fairly long period of time.

(I) PER CAPITA INCOME: The per capita income of a region reflects upon the standard of living of the common people residing in that region. The per capita income of Osmanabad district, in 2011-12, at constant prices, was observed to be Rs. 59584/- as against the state average of Rs. 105623/-. In other words, the per capita income of Osmanabad district is about 56.41% of state per capita income, indicating a low standard of living of the masses in Osmanabad district. (See diagram 2.2)

(II) HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX: Recently, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has evolved a new concept of Human Development Index (HDI), which is much more comprehensive than the per capita income. The HDI is the average value of three major variables, viz. (1) per capita income ii) Education and, iii) Health.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table 2.10 Gross District Domestic Product, at constant prices For the year 2011-12 Rs. Lakhs Sr. No. Sector Amount % to total State GSDP % 1 Primary Sector 150644 25.94 8.80 2 Secondary Sector 88207 15.18 28.86 3 Tertiary Sector 342038 58.88 62.34 Total 580889 100 100 59584 4 Per Capita District Income Rs. 105623 5 Per Capita State Income Rs. Dist. Per Capita income as % of 56.41% 6 State Per Capita Income Human Development Index 0.649 (State 0.752) 7 (HDI)

The HDI value expresses the quality of life of the common people in a region. The Govt. of Maharashtra has published data relating to the HDI values of all the 35 districts in the state. According to this report, Osmanabad district has HDI value of only 0.649 and it ranks 30th among 35 districts. The average HDI value for the state is 0.752. Nandurbar occupies bottom position with the HDI value of 0.604, while Mumbai tops the list with the HDI value of 0.841.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Diagram 2.1

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

INTRA DISTRICT GROWTH RATES: OSMANABAD DISTRICT Table No. 2.11 shows the per hectare yields of various crops, in various talukas of Osmanabad district. Similarly the table also shows the average per hectare, yields of the same crops as district average. It may be observed from the table that there is a big variation in district yield rates and block yield rates or productivity of each block, with reference to district average. We have assumed that relative yield rates represent growth rates.

INDEXING OF PRODUCTIVITY:- We have assumed district productivity of each crop as 100; and with this base productivity of crops in block have been estimated, for example, in Kh. Jowar the per hectare district productivity is 779 kg with this base (100), the productivity index of Osmanabad block is 96.79, indicating a lower level of productivity than the district average. In Paranda block also the productivity index for Jowar is 127.59; which is highest among all blocks of the district. On the other hand, in Washi block, the productivity index of Jowar is lowest at 85.10. The same method is followed for estimating relative productivity of 18 crops raised in Osmanabad district. Finally an average productivity index of 18 crops is estimated for each of the 8 blocks of the district (or composite Index).

Paranda block has achieved highest production Index of 116.96 for all crops together, followed by Omerga 105.81, Kallam 101.75, Washi 101.24 and Lohara 100.04. All these five blocks have better productivity than the district average (100). On the other hand, Tuljapur block has lowest productivity index of 91.50 among all the 8 blocks of the district. The table 2.11 clearly shows the relative intra district productivity differences in Osmanabad district.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No. 2.11

Intra District Growth Differential (Osmanabad District). Talukawise ( Year 2009-10 to 2013-14)

Sr Dist Name of Crop Osmanabad Tuljapur Bhoom Paranda Omerga Lohara Kallam Washi No Avg. Kg/ha Paddy 440 387 467 329 687 490 457 329 370 1 (87.95) (106.13) (74.77) (156.13) (111.36) (103.86) (74.77) (84.09) Index Kh. Jowar 779 754 665 667 994 701 883 867 663 2 (96.79) (85.36) (85.62) (127.59) (89.98) (113.35) (111.29) (85.10) Index

Bajara 518 332 385 637 684 543 402 349 454 3 (64.09) (74.32) (122.97) (132.04) (104.82) (77.60) (67.37) (87.64) Index Maize 1001 942 776 951 1530 1102 848 1073 1213 4 (94.10) (77.52) (95.00) (152.84) (110.08) (84.71) (107.19) (121.17) Index Tur 764 726 634 768 827 788 796 943 733 5 (95.02) (82.98) (100.52) (108.24) (103.14) (104.18) (123.42) (95.94) Index Udid 441 407 433 443 502 533 508 393 411 6 (92.29) (98.18) (100.45) (113.83) (120.86) (115.19) (89.11) (93.19) Index Mung 429 402 437 472 507 446 465 372 417 7 (93.70) (101.86) (110.02) (118.18) (103.96) (108.39) (86.71) (97.20) Index Soyabean 1286 1387 1222 1191 1173 1344 1242 1417 1312 8 (107.85) (95.02) (92.61) (91.21) (104.51) (96.57) (110.18) (102.02) Index

Kh.Sunflower 477 408 526 545 613 513 460 388 456 9 (85.53) (110.27) (114.25) (128.51) (107.54) (96.43) (81.34) (95.59) Index

Kh. Gr.Nut 642 488 579 455 844 596 556 909 681 10 (76.01) (90.18) (70.87) (131.46) (92.83) (86.60) (141.58) (106.07) Index Seasamum 253 212 315 231 324 237 188 200 322 11 (83.79) (124.50) (91.30) (128.06) (93.67) (74.30) (79.05) (127.27) Index Cotton 286 235 293 328 152 240 274 310 12 (82.16) - (102.44) (114.68) (53.14) (83.91) (95.80) (108.39) Index Sugarcane 68 74 76 65 65 57 68 70 61 13 (108.82) (111.76) (95.58) (95.58) (83.82) (100.00) (102.94) (89.70) Index 14 Rabbi Jowar 824 844 792 901 863 974 856 740 831

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

(102.42) (96.11) (109.34) (104.73) (118.20) (103.88) (89.80) (100.84) Index

Wheat 844 906 729 934 890 933 879 820 697 15 (107.34) (86.37) (110.66) (105.45) (110.54) (104.14) (97.15) (82.58) Index

Gram 689 597 715 559 635 748 866 848 862 16 (86.64) (103.77) (81.13) (92.16) (108.56) (125.89) (123.07) (125.10) Index

Safflower 542 480 538 489 622 623 564 522 488 17 (88.56) (99.26) (90.22) (114.76) (114.94) (104.05) (96.30) (90.03) Index

Rabbi 538 453 613 494 569 670 548 497 675 Sunflower (84.20) (113.94) (91.82) (105.76) (124.53) (101.85) (92.37) (125.46) 18 Index

Total Index 10821 10034 9902 10424 12657 11450 10826 11011 10956 (92.72) (91.50) (96.33) (116.96) (105.81) (100.04) (101.75) (101.24) Ave. Index

Diagram 2.2

Name of Block

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

2.3 VISION

I OUR VISION OF THE DISTRICT IS THAT IN THE NEXT TEN YEARS: i) It should be doubling its production from agriculture and allied activities; ii) It should have — — a) Modern physical infrastructure; b) Modern social and institutional infrastructure; c) Healthy and sustainable environment; and d) Full employment; and iii) It should be free of _ a) Poverty; b) Illiteracy and ignorance; c) Social disparities; and d) Gender disparities.

II OUR TEN YEAR VISION FOR THE FARMERS OF THE DISTRICT IS THAT ALL OF THEM SHOULD i) Have adopted modern farming technologies and best practices and should be reaching achievement of maximum yields and optimum agriculture production from their farms, water and other resources; ii) Have at least one well or one farm pond each fitted with micro irrigation system and should be optimally utilizing their rain water and ground water resources;

iii) Have had soils testing of their lands done and received and acted upon scientific advice from experts and used inputs for preservation and enrichment of their soils; iv) Be getting adequate, timely, and quality pure supplies of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and other inputs; v) Have taken to using modernized tools and implements, reduced drudgery of manual work and have taken to farm mechanization to overcome shortage of hired labour; vi) Have taken to growing higher value crops and specially to irrigated ordained horticulture; vii) Have good credit and marketing facilities and supporting Infrastructure like all weather connectivity, transport and market intelligence; and viii) Have caring and technologically competent extension workers willing to rush advice and help at the shortest notice of needs, ix) We also envision formation of an Associations For Progressive Farming(AFPFS) separately for each bloc with village wise branches and a federation for the district to positively support spreading of modem technologies to all classes of 79

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

farmers and generally to support and oversee implementation of CDAP programmes at the Panchyat Samiti and Gram Panchayat levels. PPFs will take special care to ensure total coverage of all the farmers and that no farmer is left out.

III - OUT TEN YEAR VISION SPECIALLY FOR THE ASSET POOR AND ASSET LESS FARMERS IS THAT ALL OF THEM : a. Have joined self help groups (SHGs) specially promoted for them; b. Through those SHGs and with training, financial and backup promotional support from DRDAS Z.P. Gram Panchayat, Panchayat samiti, Progressive Fanning Society, Banks and the Agriculture department get themselves transformed into capable providers of critical services to agriculture of the village; c. with those critical agro services they have started contributing to the rejuvenation of agriculture of the village including their own presently non-viable small farms; d. With their non-viable farms back in progressive production line and with the additional employment and incomes they get from the agro services they are providing, most of them have come out of poverty; e. At least 20% out of them have made more progress and have setup their own micro - agro enterprises; and f. All of them have gained self confidence for making more progress in future and are all living with dignity and in well being.

For actualizing this vision, the C- DAP attempts to explore possible ways of better utilization of natural, physical and human resources. It attempts to discover and locate latent potentials of growth and development and is making proposals for activating human energies and social organizations for their full utilization.

C -DAP proposals for reforms and strengthening of the extension agencies should help inform the farmers of the latest technologies and adequately motivate them to diligently work for their own advancement.

The reforms and strengthening of the implementation agencies in the district are of crucial importance. The best policies and programmes fail because of poor governance and shortcomings in implementation. An innovative re-organization to provide missing coordination links within the necessary. It is also imperative to set up reasonable working relationships with Panchayat Raj Bodies, NGO's and Public Private Partnerships,. If the government is serious about transformation of rural economy and rural society-through massive programmes like RKVY it must take early

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 steps to provide for a strong inspired implementing agency to lead that movement in the district and to get results.

This C-DAP has recommended several strategies for various sub-sectors to overcome the reasons of backwardness and to accomplish the vision stated In para above. Details like rationale behind them, action plans with physical targets, financial requirements and outcomes, and implementing schedules will be found in the related chapters. Action plans have beers formulated so that their implementation will make a great impact on the agricultural growth and development of the district. 11 is worthwhile to emphasize that every element of action plan under each strategy positively contributes to the desired results. Most elements will be simultaneously in operation and will have additive effects on outcomes of each other. That add-on effect would lead to still higher growth.

C-DAP targets are realistic and not difficult to achieve. Individual mediocrities and indifference and departmental egos have, however, halted .many fast trains in the past. Top bosses should be alert. The above weaknesses and many more have to be overcome. Enthusiasm for a good work has to be sustained at all official and non-official levels.

The C-DAP should be implemented in a mission mode. Print & electronic media will help to motivate people for more hard work and more positive roles. Every farmer (large or small), every Gram Panchayat, every NGO or informal group or committee should be a doer (Karia), earnest and fired by the spirit of the C-DAP. The opportunity should not be lost. C-DAP throw a challenge to them. Every one is on trial and has to contribute his utmost towards the successful accomplishment of the mission.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CHAPTER III

SWOT ANALYSIS OF FARM SECTOR IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT

THE MAJOR STRENGTHS OF THE FARMING AND NON-FARM SYSTEMS OF OSMANABAD DISTRICT

1) Every farmer is included in SHG and formed 14600 SHG’s of agriculture in district.

2) District is strategically located nearer to cities like, Pune, Hyderabad, Aurangabad, Solapur & Latur where fresh agricultural produce can be transported overnight.

3) Appropriate agro-climatic situations suitable for cultivating diverse range of crops.

4) Well connected by railways to distant cities like Mumbai, Aurangabad and Latur.

5) Good surface irrigation potential, supported by groundwater.

6) Extensive watershed treatments carried out in DPAP areas; facilitated seasonal availability of water even when the annual precipitation is about 600 mm.

7) Farmers have well accepted dairy as supportive enterprise which gives good livelihood support. Medium to medium soils which are suitable for growing sugarcane and light soils for pomogranate.

8) Availability of electricity for irrigation for at least 10-12 hours per day.

9) Crop loans are available from co-operative and nationalized banks.

10) Machineries like tractor/tractor drawn implements are available in almost all villages, the farm families have access to these on rental basis Bullock power is utilized for certain operations like sowing/ inter cultivation /earthing up etc.

11) Labour are available for carrying out skilled operations like planting of sugarcane, onion thinning, pruning of fruit crops.

12) Availability of inputs like seeds, fertilizers, insecticides, cattle feed and veterinary services within 8-10 kms form the villages.

13) Planting material and seeds of improved varieties is made available for farmers by Co-operative sugarcane Factories, Agricultural University, Agricultural Department.

14) Farming community is ready to adopt modern technology such as drip irrigation, cultivation of fruits and vegetables.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Diagram 3.1 SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT Analysis

Identify, asses and reassess

Internal Environmental

Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats

Remove, correct Develop and Take advantage Avoid or or Minimize Capitalize upon of overcome the effect of

Development policies, strategies projects and programmes

Weaknesses

Economic Economic Social Infrastructural other than agricultural agriculture

Governance How it steers itself The manner of governing. Processes and structures it uses to achieve its goals The way of control How different wings relate to each other

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

15) Farmer’s organizations and support institutions like Krishi Vigyan Mandals; Farmers Clubs exists in the district for all agricultural related activities.

16) Biomass available is used for composting and increasing productivity of crops.

17) Co-operative sugar factories are established in every block which is an assured market for sugarcane.

18) Network of private and Co-operative Dairy societies Milk Federations and private milk processing units is well established in the district

19) Vegetables crops are cultivated due to water availability and storage facilities like onion storage structures provided by agricultural Department.

20) Area under horticultural crops is increasing due to EGS linked programme.

21) Good network of village roads connecting market places and transport facilities are available in the villages.

22) Good communication facilities like telephone, mobile services and market net work like APMC are available across the district.

23) Agricultural University, KVK and Farmers Information and Advisory centers are available.

24) The Pilgrim places like Tuljabhawani temple is located in the district, being visited by lakhs of devotees from different places, there are growing market opportunities.

25) Well developed banking services up to the village level. The Nationalized banks, RRB and District central co-operative bank has branches in rural areas.

26) Availability of Engineering colleges, ITI, and Polytechnics, to supply skilled manpower to industry and service sectors.

27) Availability of entrepreneurship development programmes through the DIC and Maharashtra centre for Entrepreneur Development.

28) Availability of sizable surplus agricultural produce for development of agro-based industries, e.g. Soyabean, Jawar, oilseeds etc.

THE MAJOR WEAKNESSES 1) About 60% of available irrigation water is being utilized by sugarcane crop alone. Indiscriminate use of water leading to soil salinity and water logging.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

2) Lack of recommended crop rotations in cropping system leading to decreasing fertility, productivity and growing pest attack. Less area under pulses and oilseeds in crop rotations. 3) Non judicious application of chemical fertilizers leading to decreasing organic carbon content and deficiency of micro nutrients.

4) Lack of application of recommended doses of organic matter and green manuring.

5) Lack of in situ moisture conservation practices.

6) Unavailability of bullock power and labour availability during peak periods of farm operations delays farm operations.

7) Lack of alternative livelihood options as complementary to the existing enterprises.

8) Lack of hygienic cultivation, handling, grading, packaging and storage facilities for different crops.

9) Non adoption of integrated pest management leading to increasing cost of production.

10) Absence of high value crops in present farming systems.

11) Farmers are organized for marketing only in sugarcane and dairy such organized activities are lacking in other horticultural crops.

12) Weak industrial base; weak non-farm sector

13) 85% population dependent on agriculture and allied activities.

14) Lack of work culture among industrial workers.

15) Lack of mineral resources.

16) Very meager forest area (0.5% of geographical area)

17) Huge No of Performing Assets of the Co-operative banking system.

18) Lack of entrepreneurship.

19) Problem of repayment in certain sectors.

20) Very low level of urbanization (15%).

21) Weak marketing services.

22) Limited ultimate irrigation potential.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

23) Very low Human Development Index (0.35) as against the state average of 0.58.

24) Very high Human Poverty Index ( ); as against the state average of 16.22%

THE MAJOR OPPORTUNITIES :

1) Availability of good agro-climatic conditions in the district for cultivation of a range of fruits, vegetable and flowers and dry land horticultural crops. 2) Appropriate technology is available for production of all recommended crops in the district. 3) Enough biomass available for composting and thereby increasing productivity of various crops like sugarcane, fruit, vegetables, food grain and forage crops. 4) Co-operative sugar factories are established in almost every block as an assured market. 5) Net-work of private and co-operative dairy societies, milk federations and private milk processing units exists in the district. 6) Due to availability of water green fodder can be made available year round. 7) Vegetables, crops like onion cultivation is growing due to water availability. Onion storage structures provided by agricultural departments are found useful. 8) Suitable agro-climatic conditions for mulberry plantation transfer of technology and cocoon procurement will increase the area under mulberry plantation. 9) There is a potential for fish and prawn rearing as number of water bodies (tanks and ponds) are construction during last few years. 10) Market net work like APMC and its sub-centers as transport facilities exists in the district. 11) Changing food habits of the consumers demanding more milk, milk products, processed products etc, hence the scope of processing industries has been widened. 12) Traditionally the use of chemical inputs is minimal in the district, which is helpful in maintaining the low residue levels and increase production of safe food for domestic consumption as well as for local and international market. 13) Increasing mall networks may create marketing through contract farming 14) Low prices of sugarcane will diversify the area under sugarcane to other crops. 15) Osmanabad – Kurduwadi -Mumbai rail link has provided huge market for agro- products, vegetables, fruit growers in the district. 16) Tuljapur and Naldurg can be converted into good pilgrimage and tourist spots. Already, about one lakh people visit Tuljabhawani temple regularity. There is huge opportunity to develop these cities into tourist spots which may create huge employment. 17) Osmanabad district has huge potential in exports of grapes and table wines. 18) The district has big opportunities in the development of agro-based industries, and value addition.

THE THREATS TO THE FARMING AND NON-FARM – SECTORS :

1) Most of the available water is used to sugarcane alone; this limits the area and productivity of food grains, horticultural and vegetables crops.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

2) Indiscriminate use of water leading to soil salinity, water logging, reducing soil fertility and productivity directly affecting the food grain production. 3) Lack of recommended crop rotations in sugarcane cropping system leading to decreasing fertility, productivity and building pest populations increasing cost of production and reducing net income. 4) Indiscriminate and imbalance application of chemical fertilizers affecting nutrient status, its efficiency of applied fertilizers. 5) Lack of sufficient cold storage, cool chain may incurred losses particularly to the horticultural crops due to price fluctuations and losses in handling & transport. 6) Lack of application of recommended technology may affect production; processing and returns form various crops and enterprises. 7) Increase area of specific crops like onions and its production affects the market prices. 8) Lack of recommended quality standards may affect expected returns. 9) Lack of market research for identifying food habits may affect marketing and net returns. 10) Lack of policy and research support may affect crop production, productivity and income. 11) Lack of infrastructural development directly affecting farming. 12) Lack of attractive support prices may affect production of cereals, pulses, and oilseeds etc affecting food security. 13) Rising cost of production of industrial goods due to low productivity of workers, absenteeism among workers. 14) Threat to agricultural products from import of goods, under the WTO regime. 15) Large enterprises are reluctant to establish their units due to earthquake prone area. 16) Threat to development of markets in the district due to fast expanding markets in Latur, Barshi and Solapur. Farmers in the district prefer to sale their produce in there markets. 17) Occurrence of unseasonal rains and hailstorm at crop maturity stage. 18) Cyclic draught ruins the economy of farmer. 19) Shortage of fodder during drought.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CHAPTER – IV DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR

4.1 INTRODUCTION: Agriculture is the major occupation of majority of the population in Osmanabad District. Economic, industrial, educational, social development of this area is dependent on agricultural production. Despite of higher promotions per capita availability of food over time did not increase significantly. At present the growth rate of agricultural production is less than 2%. The growth rate of production in agriculture must be more than the growth rate of population. Hence, there is an urgent need to accelerate agricultural growth to address issues on food security, nutritional adequacy and income generation. This can be achieved by identifying the problems in crop production, infrastructure facilities, issues related to the natural resources, input management and accordingly there is need to improve agricultural services keeping in view the vision and objectives.

4.2 LAND USE: The total geographical area of Osmanabad district is 748500 ha, and the net sown area is 584400 ha. (78.1 %). Out of total cultivable area, the area sown more than once is about 167900 ha and hence gross cropped area has increased up to 752400 ha (100.5 % of total geographical area) and the cropping intensity in the district is 129 %. The area under forest is 6700 ha, which is only 0.90% of the total geographical area. Cultivable and fallow land is about 7% and 11.3% of total geographical area respectively, which can also be converted as productive land in future. (See Table 4.1) The land use pattern of Osmanabad district is compared with the land use pattern of Maharashtra State. TABLE NO. 4.1 LAND UTILIZATION STATISTICS (Area is ‘00’ ha.) Maharashtra Osmanabad Sr.no. Particulars Area % Area % 1 Geographical Area 307583 100 7485 100 2 Area under forests 52109 16.9 67 0.9 3 Land not available for cultivation a) Barren & uncultivable 17280 5.6 64 0.9 b) Land put to non-agric. Uses 14505 83.9 141 1.9 4 Other uncultivated land a) cultivable waste land 9192 3.0 271 3.6 b) permanent pastures and grazing lands 12438 4.0 188 2.5 c) land under miscellaneous tree 2504 0.8 65 0.9 5 Current fallows 13783 4.5 612 8.2 6 Other fallows 11916 3.9 232 3.1 7 Net area sown 173856 56.5 5844 78.1 8 Area sown more than once 57204 18.6 1679 22.4 9 Gross cropped area 231060 75.1 7524 100.5 Source: Economic survey of Maharashtra (As per latest record), GOM.P.T 20

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4.3 SOIL HEALTH: Soil health is governed by the occurrence of Soil type, formation parent material , deposit and many other facture. Most of the soils in Osmanabad district consisting 8 Talukas are derived from basalt rocks and various from shallow to deep in depth. Large area i.e.30 percent is occupied shallow soils and have constraints regarding nutrient availability and number of days for growth and moisture availability. The ox sols (Red soil) and vertiols (Black soils) occur in juxtaposition in Lohara & Umarga. They are formed in granites, rock having different properties.

Deep block soils are dominated by Minerals. Which makes soil swell and shrink. Then belong to very soil in general, there is no capability class I soils in Osmanabad district. The soil capability class is indicate the following constraints:

 Low hydraulic conductivity and hence water stagnation or longer long duration for Vapsa condition which does not allow favourable air water ratio around roots, in deep black soils.  Occurrence of Calcium carbonate induces imbalance in nutrient availability.  Shallow soil poses a problem of low water retention capacity and low organic matter, thereby posing a serious management problem.  Multi-nutrient deficiency.  Soil health in terms of physical, chemical and biological condition is poor.

Potentials: Soils provide fairly long duration of growing period in deep verticals  Some soils are productive if properly managed.  Soil suitability facilities growing of number of different crops.  Irrigation facilities further increases productivity.

Land Management Strategies:  Watershed Development needs first priority.  Soil suitability based crop planning is a must in order to increase agricultural production.  Soil water storage and long growth period for crops available in black soils should be properly utilized for increasing growth rate of productivity.  Grapes , Mango, Amla and Tamarind and based horticulture need to be developed under larger areas.  Adopt recommended practices of organic manures and fertilizer on the basis of soil test. So that nutrient imbalances will be reduced and improve fertilizer use efficiency.

In order to achieve the 4% growth some of the important step and projects are suggested.

The imbalance in nutrient availability, physical conditions and micro nutrients has led to deterioration of soil health. The first and foremost job is to restore soil health so that productivity increases on sustainable basis. The important steps are suggested here.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

The projects regarding soil and land care management have been formulated. There are several aspects of soil health, which include soil testing laboratories, production of bio-fertilizers, compost and vermin-compost preparation, green manuring and organic farming. Separate provision for integrated watershed development programme is presented under various schemes in R.K.V.Y. It does not indicate soil physical and biological status. It is pertinent to follow soil test for integrated nutrient management.

4.4 WATER RESOURCES AND MANAGEMENT :

Availability of surface water in Marathwada region less than other region of Marathwada as under

Sr. Region Availability Water no. Per liter 1 Marathwada 1500 cn3 2 Vidarbh 4348 cn3 3 Rest of Maharashtra 9100 cn3

Normal requirement of water for irrigation is 3000 m3/Ha. as per Maharashtra irrigation commission.

Availability of surface water in Osmanabad district is least of the order of 762 m3/Ha. compared to other districts. The average rainfall for Osmanabad is 769mm. Moreover six out of eight taluquas have been included in the latest list of 195 D.P.A.P. taluquas and are thus draught prone.

62% of the total culturable area falls in Krishna Valley where as only 38% falls under Godavari Valley. Govt. of Maharashtra recently sectioned diversion of about 19 T.M.C. water from Krishna basin for Osmanbad district. Thus total availability of water for Osmanabad district is of the order of 781 m3/H.

The total availability of ground water in the district is about 1, 14,163 Ham. The no. of existing wells is about 1,02,750.

Manjra, Seena, Therna, Bori, chandani and Benitura are some of the main rivers flowing in the district. Two major irrigation projects viz. Manjra Project and Therna irrigation project have already been completed along with 16 medium irrigation projects and 139 miner irrigation projects. Two major projects viz. Seena kolegaon project and lower Therna project are under construction along with 2 medium and 53 minor irrigation projects. Thus the total surface water potential of the district as per present plan including diversion from Krishna valley is about 2,93,435 Ha. This potential does not include irrigation due to tanks below 100 ha, percolation tanks, under ground Bandharas and 90

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 small K.T. wears. Irrigation potential of about 123368 ha has already been created up to June 2011. It is obligatory that the balance irrigation potential is created in next four years and all area brought under irrigation.

In view of the paucity of water in general in Marathwada, it is obligatory that all available water is used most economically and efficiently by switching over to micro irrigation to feasible extent.

The following measures are recommended for judicious and economic, efficient use of +all available water. a) The existing canal and distribution system of irrigation projects in operation is renovated and modernized so as to ensure that water in adequate capacity reaches all created potential area in next 4 years. b) All irrigation projects presently planned and those under construction are completed in next 4 years and irrigation potential created. c) About 25% of the total surface irrigation potential of 293000 Ha. Viz. 73000 is brought under micro irrigation 50% of this area about 36500 Ha be brought under drip irrigation and balance 36500 Ha. be provided with sprinkler irrigation in next 4 years. d) All the existing 1,02,750 wells outside command area of irrigation projects are recharged so as to ensure increased availability of water in next 4 years. e) About 45600 new wells are dug and completed in next 4 years Govt. may facilitate granting of loans to farmers by giving guaranty. f) 50% of the total wells with district i.e. 57000 are provided with drip irrigation facility and balance 50% i.e. 57000 wells are provided with sprinkler irrigation facilities in next 4 years. g) 1250 farm ponds are created every in each taluka there by creating 40000 farm ponds in the district by end of 4 years. h) Encouraging and making obligatory participatory irrigation by forming water user’s societies so as to ensure efficient use of available water.

Statement showing requirement of funds every year and irrigation potential every year are enclosed for ready reference.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4.5 MAJOR CROPS IN THE DISTRICT

CROPPING PATTERN AND PRODUCTIVITY: Agriculture and allied activities are the main sources of livelihood for majority of rural masses and control the economy of the district. Out of total geographical area (748500 ha) of Osmanabad, the net sown area is 584400 ha. (78.1%) and total gross cropped area is 752400 ha (100.5) (Table 4.2). About 46.21 % of total gross cropped area is under Kharif crops (Table 4.3) and 36.87% is under rabi crops. About 34.92% of the gross cropped area is cultivated for different cereal crops such as kh. Sorghum, Bajra, Maize, Wheat, rabi jowar etc., 22.89% area for pulses (Tur, Gram, Green gram, Black gram etc.), 36.72% area for oilseeds (Soybean, Safflower, Sunflower, Groundnut etc.), 2.32% area for cotton, 4.41% area for sugarcane and other area for Fruits, Vegetables etc. Proportion of Soybean is maximum in Kharif season followed by Tur, kh. Jowar, etc. Similarly proportion of rabi jowar is maximum in rabi season. Wheat, Sugarcane, Gram is cultivated on irrigated area. Proportion of rabi jowar is maximum in Paranda Tahsil, whereas it is minimum in Washi Tahsil (Table 4.4)

Taluka-wise average yield of crops when it is compared with average yield obtained in frontline demonstration, the yield gaps in percentage was very low. This is only because of poor management, which can be improved. It is possible to increase yield by improved management practices. Yield gaps are maximum in Kh. Jowar, wheat, tur, Udid and Sunflower and comparatively minimum in gram, soyabean. To bridge the yield gaps (1) there is a need to increase the irrigated area, (2) watershed development work should also be completed as early as possible on all area and then (3) it is essential to improve the agricultural services (Availability of inputs, Seed, Fertilizers, insecticides, growth regulators, Water, Electricity, Training to the Farmers, Research & Extension activities, Marketing, Transport, Storage, Processing etc.). Restoring soil health is considered as prerequisite.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO. 4.2 AREA PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF CROPS (AVERAGE OF 2011-12 TO 2013-2014) Area Production in Productivity Sr. No. Crops in"00" ha, "00" MT. in Kg/ha.

1 Kh. Jowar 464 385 829 2 Rice 142 20 143 3 Bajra 142 74 523 4 Maize 208 189 910 Other cereals 17 6 330 5 Tur 906 673 743 6 Mung 150 71 476 7 Udid 419 214 510 Other pulses 20 9 426 8 Groundnut 54 37 679 9 Sunflower 84 42 501 10 Soyabean 1138 1603 1409 11 Sesamum 36 10 267 12 Nigerseed 52 14 260 Other Kh. Oil seed crops 17 7 385 13 Sugarcane 430 24510 57000 14 Cotton 226 168 743 Total kh. Season 4505 28031 15 R. Jowar 2079 1586 763 16 Wheat 297 232 781 17 R. Maize 46 65 1412 Other cereals 9 3 345 18 Gram 724 496 685 Other pulses 13 5 392 19 Safflower 198 87 438 20 R.Sunflower 173 88 509 21 Linseed 45 9 211 Other R. oil seed crops 10 4 376 Total Rabbi crops 3594 2575 22 Summer Groundnut 1650 1157 701 23 Summer Sunflower 123 57 466 Total summer crops 1650 1214 Gross cropped area 9749 31820 Total Cereals 3404 2560 Total Pulses 2232 1468 Total Oilseeds 3580 3114

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO. 4.3 Distribution of area under different crops Distribution of area under Sr. No. Crops different Crops (%) 1 Kh. Jowar 4.76 2 Rice 1.46 3 Bajra 1.46 4 Maize 2.13 Other cereals 0.17 5 Tur 9.29 6 Mung 1.54 7 Udid 4.30 Other pulses 0.21 8 Groundnut 0.55 9 Sunflower 0.86 10 Soyabean 11.67 11 Sesamum 0.37 12 Nigerseed 0.53 Other Kh. Oil seed crops 0.17 13 Sugarcane 4.41 14 Cotton 2.32 Total kh. Season 46.21 15 R. Jowar 21.33 16 Wheat 3.05 17 R. Maize 0.47 Other cereals 0.09 18 Gram 7.43 Other pulses 0.13 19 Safflower 2.03 20 R.Sunflower 1.77 21 Linseed 0.46 Other R. oil seed crops 0.10 Total Rabbi crops 36.87 22 Summer Groundnut 16.92 23 Summer Sunflower 1.26 Total summer crops 16.92 Gross cropped area 100.00 Total Cereals 34.92 Total Pulses 22.89 Total Oilseeds 36.72

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO. 4.4 TALUKA-WISE TOTAL (IRRIGATED & RAINED) AREA OF DIFFERENT CROPS (Area: ha, (% of basis crop area)) Gross Sr. Kh. Safflow R.Sunfl Taluka cropped Kh.Jowar Tur Udid Soyabean Cotton Sugarcane R. Jowar Wheat Gram No. Sunflower er ower area(ha)

1 Osmanabad 147457 11600 13900 6800 2100 33700 400 10700 35700 6200 14300 3600 1900

(7.86) (9.42) (4.61) (1.42) (22.85) (2.98) (7.25) (24.21) (4.20) (9.69) (2.44) (1.28)

2 Tuljapur 148495 6000 23500 8000 3800 11900 0 5500 45100 5400 8000 5900 9200

(4.04) (15.82) (5.38) (2.55) (8.01) - (3.70) (30.37) (3.63) (5.38) (3.97) (6.19)

3 Omerga 111212 12300 16300 13900 2500 7800 0 5000 17500 2300 12100 4800 4200

(11.05) (14.65) (12.49) (2.24) (7.01) - (4.49) (15.73) (2.06) (10.88) (4.31) (3.77)

4 Lohara 47917 3000 5900 4900 600 5000 0 3000 6200 1100 4400 1700 1300

(6.26) (12.31) (10.22) (1.25) (10.43) - (6.26) (12.93) (2.29) (9.18) (3.54) (2.71)

5 Bhoom 67154 1500 7500 4500 700 3700 5200 2300 22400 4600 5300 800 800

(2.23) (11.16) (6.70) (1.04) (5.50) (7.74) (3.42) (33.35) (6.84) (7.89) (1.19) (1.20)

6 Paranda 55265 200 7000 1200 2000 1000 1200 6500 25200 2200 8400 3000 2800

(0.36) (12.66) (2.17) (3.61) (1.80) (2.17) (11.76) (45.59) (3.98) (15.19) (5.42) (5.06)

7 Kallam 127660 12900 11100 4400 1400 23700 4700 8600 31500 7900 14100 3900 2900

(10.10) (8.69) (3.44) (1.09) (18.56) (3.68) (6.73) (24.67) (6.18) (11.04) (3.05) (2.27)

8 Washi 47220 1800 4400 1900 200 7500 5200 2500 4800 2100 4400 500 600

(3.81) (9.31) (4.02) (0.42) (15.88) (11.01) (5.29) (10.16) (4.44) (9.31) (1.05) (1.27) 95

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO. 4.5 IRRIGATED AREA OF DIFFERENT CROPS

Kh. R. Sr.No. Taluka Tur Soyabean Cotton Sugarcane Wheat Gram R.Sunflower R.Maize Groundnut Sunflower Jowar

1 Osmanabad 668 410 0 90 10700 2020 1947 637 40 130 120

2 Tuljapur 286 600 510 0 5500 26037 1486 3468 3018 901 200

3 Omerga 152 96 0 0 5000 244 1532 163 83 25 67

4 Lohara 220 50 0 0 3000 1540 1335 1570 30 180 50

5 Bhoom 355 0 0 1000 2300 5675 1645 2655 150 453 103

6 Paranda 210 0 0 1360 6500 2580 1160 225 0 1780 0

7 Kallam 240 120 0 560 8600 1320 1940 590 359 550 50

8 Washi 385 300 0 4589 2500 730 1480 2877 540 1200 150

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO. 4.6 GROWTH RATES OF DIFFERENT CROPS IN LAST 3 YEARS

Sr. Crops Growth Rates No. 1 Paddy 3.53 2 Kh. Jowar 3.99 3 Bajra 6.43 4 Maize 1.55 5 Tur 2.22 6 Udid -5.79 7 Mung -1.02 8 K. groundnut 8.43 9 Sesamum 0.78 10 K. Sunflower 3.32 11 Soybean -1.00 12 Niger -4.34 13 Cotton 7.21 14 Sugarcane 5.27 15 Rabi Jowar 4.92 16 Wheat 4.40 17 Gram 6.31 18 Safflower 5.65 19 R. Sunflower 2.38

IRRIGATED AREA : The total source-wise irrigated area of the district is 123368 ha., which is 21.11% of net sown area. Maximum proportion of irrigated area occurs in Tuljapur Tahsil 29633 ha. (24.02%)) while minimum in Washi Tahsil (Table 4.8)). Major source of irrigation in this district is open wells through, which maximum area is irrigated (92106 ha.) followed by Lift Irrigation (Table 4.7). It is well known fact that crop yield increases under irrigated condition. It is possible to take 2 to 3 crops per year on the same piece of land one after another. Hence, it is proposed to increase the irrigated area upto maximum possible limit, as early as possible.

Irrigated area can be increased by 50% or so if modern methods of irrigation such as drip or sprinklers are used. It is also suggested that necessary arrangements for improved onfarms surface irrigation methods be made.

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CROPS AND CROPPING SYSTEMS IN IRRIGATED AREA: Irrigation in Osmanabad District is 123368 ha. (Table 4.7). Wheat, Sugarcane, Gram, Tur, Sunflower Jowar are the major crops grown under irrigated conditions. Crop yields are higher under irrigated condition. Land utilization efficiency increases due to irrigation and hence, it is suggested to increase irrigated area. Irrigated area can be increased by constructing minor, medium or major irrigation projects as early possible and wells in untapped ground water areas considering the availability of rainwater. Irrigated area can also be increased up to 20%-25% (of treated area) by integrated Watershed Development Work.

After construction of irrigation projects and integrated watershed development work, it is expected that irrigated area may increase in the district.

TABLE NO. 4.7 SOURCE-WISE AREA (HA) IRRIGATED

Sr. Source of water Area irrigated Percentage no. for irrigation (ha) 1 Tanks 6900 5.59 2 Open wells 92106 74.66 3 Tube/Bore wells 10644 8.63 4 Lift irrigation 13718 11.12 Total 123368 100

TABLE NO. 4.8 TALUKA-WISE IRRIGATED AREA (HA)

Sr. Irrigated area % to total Taluka no. (ha) irrigated area dist. 1 Osmanabad 26888 21.79 2 Tuljapur 29633 24.02 3 Omarga 21651 17.55 4 Lohara 4762 3.86 5 Bhoom 8862 7.18 6 Paranda 20179 16.36 7 Kallam 6960 5.64 8 Washi 4433 3.59 Total 123368 100.00

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE NO.4.9 PROPORTION OF IRRIGATED AREA IN DIFFERENT CROPS Total area Distribution of Sr. Irrigated % to total irri. Area under Crops no. area (ha) area different crops (ha) (%)

1 Tur 89700 2516 2.80 1.93 2 Groundnut 5200 740 14.23 0.57 3 Soybean 94300 1576 1.67 1.21 4 Cotton 16800 7599 45.23 5.84 5 Sugarcane 44100 44100 100.00 33.91 6 R. Jowar 188300 40146 21.32 30.87 7 Wheat 31900 12525 39.26 9.63 8 R. Maize 4600 1800 39.13 1.38 9 Gram 71100 12185 17.14 9.37 10 Safflower 24300 1240 5.10 0.95 11 R. Sunflower 23600 4220 17.88 3.24 12 Summer Maize 984 360 36.59 0.28 Summer 13 1650 1050 63.64 0.81 Groundnut Total 596534 130057 21.80 100.00

TABLE NO. 4.10 EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON CROP YIELD Percentage Sr. Yield in kg/ha Crops increase in No. Irrigated Rainfed yield 1 Tur 1366 764 78.80 2 Groundnut 1098 642 71.03 3 Soybean 1950 1286 51.63 4 Cotton (Rui) 420 240 75.00 5 R. Jowar 1020 628 62.42 6 Wheat 1160 528 119.70 7 Gram 1025 559 83.36 8 R. Maize 1340 740 81.08 9 Safflower 800 480 66.67 10 R. sunflower 706 453 55.85

The crops which generate higher monetary return should be preferred in irrigated area. The irrigation water is not available for all the area for all the crops in the district. It means water is a limiting input. In this situation our aim should be to harvest more yield per unit of 99

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 water. Awareness amongst the farmers in this regard should be created so that, they should try to convert the irrigation water into more agricultural production and ultimately higher monetary returns. At present, most of the farmers prefer sugarcane crop. Sugarcane requires about 1600 mm3 of irrigation water i.e. 16000 m3 water for one hectare area. If same quantity of water is used for chilli crop, more than 2 ha, area can be irrigated or if it is used for onion, it is possible to irrigate three hectares of area and the total monetary return of chillies or onion will be much higher as compared to sugarcane. This concept needs to be explained to all farmers in training programmes.

Grape is also important cash crop in this area which requires less quantity of irrigation water (1200 mm i.e. 12000m3 per ha. per year) as compared to sugarcane. Area under this crop should be increased under judicious water management.

Area of Tur in this district is 89700 ha., but less than 3% area is irrigated. Proportion of rainfed area is maximum hence the average yield is only 565 kg / ha. Priority should be given to this crop for irrigation because it gives much higher yield under irrigated condition as compared to other crops. Tur is a two seasonal crop (duration is 170-180 days) maximum growth period occurs in rainy season, hence irrigation requirement of Tur in this area is only about 200mm, it means only two irrigations are required. Under irrigated conditions, it is possible to harvest more than 25 q/ha. Hence, it is suggested that area under irrigated Tur should be increased. Same policy should also be adopted for soybean, in which by giving one or two protective irrigations at flowering and at pod development stage increases yield from 8-10 q/ha to more than 15-25 q/ha.

Farmers of this area prefer wheat crop, which is comparatively a sensitive crop for water stress and short winters. In case of wheat about 550mm of irrigation water is required to harvest maximum yield. There is drastic reduction in yield, if water supply is reduced. Hence, under scarcity situation it is suggested to take drought resistant crops like gram, sorghum, safflower which require less irrigation water and more area can be irrigated. The quantity of irrigation water, which is required for wheat, is sufficient to irrigate 2 ha to 2.5 ha., of gram or sorghum and the total monetary return per unit of water is much higher in case of gram or rabi jowar. Therefore there is a need to increase the irrigated area of rabi jowar and gram, because yield response to irrigation water is good in both the crops.

4.6 INPUT MANAGEMENT: To harvest maximum crop yields, it is expected that the farmers should use all inputs (pure seed of high yielding or hybrid variety, manures, fertilizer, irrigation water, pesticides, weediesides, growth regulations etc.) as recommended by the experts. It is also expected that the farmers should complete all Farm operations such as preparatory tillage operations, seed bed preparations, sowing, intercultural tillage operations, spraying, and dusting etc. at a right time. But there are difficulties to the farmers. Irrigation facility is available only for 21.80% area. Remaining 78.20% area is rainfed on which watershed development work is not completed up till now. In this situation farmers are not ready to take risk in utilization of recommended inputs. There is a need to create confidence among cultivators. Adequate and timely credit facilities need to be created.

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SEED: Use of pure seed of improved varieties is the basis of all agricultural improvement. “Reap as you sow” is a age old saying, which is true in scientific farming also. No amount of advanced agricultural practices will boost up crop yield if the seed used is not of high quality. Good seed does not cost much but relatively it pays more. There are several varieties released in some of the crop like cotton, Soybean but in some of the crops like Tur, Udid, Mung, Rabi Jowar local varieties are used. Yield potentials are very low. More and continuous research is essential for increasing productivity.

In crops like Kh. Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Cotton the seed replacement rate is more which can be considered as good sign of improvement but in case of Tur, Mung, Udid, Groundnut, Soybean, R. Jowar, Wheat, Gram, the seed replacement rate is very low. Rabi Jowar is grown on 188300 ha area but the seed replacement rate is very poor in such cases farmers are using local seeds without seed treatment, which may or may not be of good quality seeds. There should be provision of seed testing in laboratory. Good quality seed should be available in market.

Table No. 4.11 Planning of Agriculture Inputs in the District- Seed - 2012-13

Sr. No. Name of the Crop Area Under Crop (ha) Present SRR 1 Jawar 33900 75 2 Tur 58400 35 3 Soybean 167800 50 4 Cotton 33200 100 5 Mung 15800 25 6 Udid 39600 52

ORGANIC MANURES: Integrated approach for nutrient management is suggested by the scientist, but it is observed that, most of the farmers are using only chemical fertilizers and they are not using organic inputs because of un-availability at local level. Organic manure is a complete food for the crops. All nutrients (including micro nutrients) are available in manure. Farmer should produce organic manure, compost, vermicompost at their site.

FERTILIZERS: Crop-wise NPK consumption shows (Table No. 4.12) that in Jowar, Wheat and Soybean, the farmers of this district using NPK almost 75% of recommended dose per hectare, even though the yield of crops are not satisfactory when it is compared with expected yields. This is because farmers are not adopting the principles of integrated nutrient management.

All type of fertilizers Straight, Fertilizers, Complex fertilizers, Micro-nutrients, Liquid fertilizers should be made available to the farmers. The requirement of micronutrient to the crop is comparatively low but it is equally important as major nutrients. Liquid fertilizers are more useful and efficient in drip and sprinkler irrigation systems. 101

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Table No. 4.12 Crop Wise NPK Consumption

Fertilizer Consumption, kg/ha Major Sr. No. Crops N P K Total 1 Cotton 100 50 50 200 2 Jawar 80 50 30 160 3 Soybean 30 60 30 120 4 Mung/Udid 50 100 0 150 5 Tur 25 50 25 100 6 Sunflower 60 40 30 130 7 Wheat 100 50 50 200 8 Rice 100 62.5 37.5 200 9 Gram 25 50 0 75 10 Banana 0 11 Sugarcane 250 115 115 480 12 Groundnut 25 50 0 75 13 Safflower 0 14 Vegetable 100 50 50 200 Hort. 15 Crops 350 175 175 700 Total 1295 902.5 592.5 2790

Table no. 4.13 shows taluqa wise planning of fertilizer requirement in the district.

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Table No. 4.13 Planning of Fertilizer Requirement Fertilizer Use of Fertilizer (Tonnes) During Sr. No. Taluka Grade 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 DAP 13432 785 7566 5245 5770 6346 MOP 1192 433 890 514 565 622 1 Osmanabad UREA 10112 1110 8565 8855 9741 10715 NPK 13902 1140 9744 10235 11259 12384 SSP 2951 539 1300 825 908 998 DAP 2569 521 5697 3136 3450 3795

MOP 710 308 396 543 597 657

2 Tuljapur UREA 6035 940 5815 4285 4714 5185 NPK 5732 956 6731 4301 4731 5204

SSP 1604 420 1197 797 877 964 DAP 2831 380 6299 3920 4312 4743 MOP 460 163 593 352 387 426 3 Omerga UREA 4000 590 6241 4157 4573 5030 NPK 5678 581 5799 3972 4369 4806 SSP 1917 310 1605 926 1019 1120 DAP 825 190 1969 1072 1179 1297 MOP 140 105 133 50 55 61 4 Lohara UREA 2096 300 1902 1417 1559 1715 NPK 1442 270 2122 1024 1126 1239 SSP 1107 130 606 137 151 166 DAP 2989 711 5787 4582 5040 5544 MOP 717 377 777 319 351 386 5 Kalamb UREA 6760 1045 6028 4309 4740 5214 NPK 7859 911 8945 6352 6987 7686 SSP 1935 432 1393 790 869 956 DAP 767 180 2032 1455 1601 1761 MOP 150 90 185 62 68 75 6 Washi UREA 2010 215 1961 1408 1549 1704 NPK 1705 302 2638 1620 1782 1960 SSP 630 108 313 184 202 223 DAP 1444 290 2416 1446 1591 1750 MOP 365 177 123 120 132 145 7 Bhoom UREA 3209 418 2618 1544 1698 1868 NPK 2797 440 2693 1916 2108 2318 SSP 963 176 494 241 265 292 DAP 2802 631 1955 1179 1297 1427 MOP 610 385 187 218 240 264 8 Paranda UREA 5254 1035 2064 1531 1684 1853 NPK 4805 1216 2388 1589 1748 1923 SSP 2067 505 846 524 576 634 103

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

CHEMICALS:

Different type of pesticides (Table No. 4.14) medicines, growth regulators are required in crop production programme. Chemicals should be standard and of best quality. Pesticides are required to protect the crop. There should be provision of testing of chemicals in laboratory of Agro polyclinic.

Table No. 4.14 Planning of Plant Protection Chemicals Requirement (wt./kg.)

Used in Requirement Sr. No. Main Crop Pestcides Used 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Cotton 1000 1150 1200 1400 1550 1700 2 Soybean 1800 2200 2500 2700 2850 3000 3 Gram 900 1100 1200 1500 1600 1800 4 Tur 1800 2100 2400 2600 2700 2900 5 Mung Monocrotophos 700 900 1100 1200 1450 1600 6 Udid 900 1200 1400 1600 1850 2000 7 Vegetable 650 900 1000 1200 1300 1450 8 Groundnut 250 300 400 500 600 750 9 Sugarcane 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 Banana 60 90 100 150 200 300 11 Hort. Crops 250 400 500 650 800 900 12 Total 8310 10340 11800 13500 14900 16400

LABOURS: Human labours and bullock labours are not available in adequate number. At many places, it is observed that the farm operations like preparatory tillage, land layouts, sowing, intercultural operations, spraying, irrigation, harvesting etc. are not completed in time, which adversely affects the crop yield. Load shading of electricity has also become a serious problem. When labours are available for irrigation, during daytime, the electricity is not available and when electricity is available during night time, labours are not available.

Numbers of marginal farmers, small farmers are more in number. They can not afford to keep a bullock pair, they can not afford to buy a tractor, they are unable to complete the farm operations in time. In this situation is very essential to shift to mechanization hence a proposal is given separately.

Table No. 4.15 shows the taluqa wise bullock drawn implements available with farmers in the district.

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Table No. 4.15 Farm Machinery Status and Projection

Sr. Name of Improved Present No. Taluka Farm Status (Nos.) Implements and Farm Machineries Plough Plough Wooden Iron Bullock Cart 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Paranda 33 1560 3226 2 Bhoom 635 1038 2036 3 Washi 639 1394 1459 4 Kalamb 666 2244 2729 5 Osmanabad 4252 7043 8909 6 Tuljapur 4868 6465 4552 7 Lohara 2039 3845 4285 8 Omerga 1225 2622 2450 Total 14361 26216 29652

4.7 FARM MECHANIZATION / FARM EQUIPMENTS: Farm operations are the most drudgery, difficult and laborious work in crop production programme. If appropriate type of implement / tool / machinery is available, the farm work can be completed in short time and the quality of work is also good. Because of comfort to agricultural workers, it improves efficiency and reduces labour cost. Farm mechanization increases profitability.

Women play a major role in crop production and post-harvest activities related to agriculture, horticulture dairy; poultry etc. Women are involved in large number of agricultural operations including sowing, planting, weeding, hoeing, fertilizer application, spraying, dusting, harvesting, threshing, grading, processing etc. If women-friendly tools, implements machineries are available it improves efficiency of working.

In this District, availability of farm implements, machineries are studied and it is observed that farm implements / machineries are at lower level. Number of Tractors, and Threshers were studied. (Table.4.16). It shows that highest number of tractors were in the area of Osmanabad tahsils, whereas lowest number of tractors were in Lohara Taluka. By considering the cropped area of different tahsils the number of Tractors and Threshers shown table.

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Table No. 4.16 Availability of Improved Farm Equipments and Machinaries

Tractor Thresher

Sr. No. Taluka Area / Area / Number Tractor Number Thresher (ha) (ha) 1 Paranda 364 7280 416 8320 2 Bhoom 225 4500 310 6200 3 Washi 193 3860 215 4300 4 Kalamb 323 6460 412 8240 5 Osmanabad 1247 24940 1560 31200 6 Tuljapur 205 16400 322 6440 7 Lohara 124 2480 168 3360 8 Omerga 198 3960 226 4520 Total 2879 69880 3629 72580

The staff of KVK, Tuljapur has discussed the issue of mechanization with farmers of Osmanabad District and it is reported by the several farmers that there is shortage of farm labours. This is a serious problem. Therefore, it is very essential to shift on to farm mechanization. Considering the requirement, it is proposed to have an organization at district place to manufacture & repair different types of tools, implements, equipments, machineries etc. The organization may be Govt., co-operative or private but they should be involved in research, manufacture and sale of tools, implements, machineries required for crop production programme and post-harvest activities. More labours are required for transplanting of seedling in vegetables planting of sugarcane, harvesting of Jowar, Maize, Picking of Cotton, harvesting of Wheat, Safflower etc. The use of equipment, machineries should reduce the labour requirement. The machineries required for post harvest activities may also be given more priority.

The Lead Bank and Land Development Bank should provide adequate investment credit, reasonable rate of interest, to the cultivators, for the purchase of tractors, electric pumps and other farm machinery, to improve their productivity.

4.8 SPECIAL PROJECTS/PROGRAMMES ON-GOING IN THE DISTRICT: Reduced public investment in agriculture and allied sectors during last decade has resulted in decline in growth rate of agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need of enhancing investment in agriculture (both public and private) to augment productive capacity. As public extension system empowers farmers technologically and economically, it need be adequately backed by public finance.

Large numbers of schemes and projects sponsored both by the central and State Governments are implemented and operational in each district. There is need to network and

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 co-ordinate these schemes/projects to empower farmers for enhancing agricultural productivity through resource use efficiency.

Major schemes implemented at district level are:

Agriculture: 1. Integrated cereal development. 2 Rapid maize development 3. National pulse development. 4. National Oil-seed production. 5. Sugarcane development. 6. Integrated cotton development 7. Seed quality testing. 8 Fertilizer and Pesticide residue analysis.

Horticulture:

Soil and water conservation:

20. National Watershed development. 21. River-Vally Project. 22. Farmers participation in national programme of soil and water conservation. 23. Saline & Sodic Soil development 24. Western Ghat development. 25. Organic farming 26 Vidharbha Special Package programme.

Extension: 27 Gender sensitization and participation. 28 Information support to agril extension. 29. Soil, Water, testing. 30 Bio-pesticide production 31 State extension reforms (ATMA) 32 Natural disaster management. 33. National Agril Insurance. 34. Agri-polyclinics and farmers training. 107

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

35 Shetkari Magazines and publication. 36 Awards and incentivization scheme.

State has launched Maharashtra Agril Productivity Improvement Campaign (MAHAPIC) for enhancing productivity of major crops by effective networking, convergence and co-ordination of various schemes at district level. The Major components of various schemes/projects are:

4.9 CONSTRAINT ANALYSIS: 4.91 YIELD GAP ANALYSIS OF MAJOR CROPS:

The yield gaps are mainly because of poor management. The reasons for yield gaps are shown in Table No. 4.17.

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TABLE NO. 4.17 REASONS OF YIELD GAPS Sr. Crop Main reasons for yield gaps No. 1. Late sowing because of low moisture in soil. 2. Unavailability of seed of high yielding varieties. 3. Not adopting the principles of INM and IPM. 1 Kh. Jowar 4. Optimum plant population need to maintain 5. Poor intercultural operations. 6. Moisture stress at critical growth stages. 1. Monocropping. 2. Not adopting the principles of IPM 2 Soybean 3. Moisture stress at critical growth stages.. 4. Poor nutrient management. 5. Poor plant population. 1. Lack of irrigation facility at flowering & pod dev. Stage 2. Use of local varieties. Poor SRR 3. Tur 3. Not maintaining/adopting recommended spacing. 4. Not adopting principles of IPM, INM. 1. High yielding varieties are not available. Udid, 2. SRR is poor. 4 Mung 3. Poor or No plant protection. 4. Late sowing because of low moisture. 1. Late sowing, poor plant population. 2. Need adequate number of irrigation. 5 Wheat 3. Varieties of high yield potential not available. 4. Poor nutrient management. 5. SRR is poor. 1. Need irrigation at critical stages. 2. Poor irrigation layouts. 6 Gram 3. Not adopting principals of IPM. 4. Sowing on shallow coarse textured soils. 5. Wilting. 1. Lack of irrigation facility at critical growth stages. Rabi 2. Seed replacement rate is poor. 7 Jowar 3. High yielding varieties are not available. 4. No irrigation layouts. 1. Drought burning. 2. Less use of micro irrigation. 8 Sugarcane 3. Not adopting INM. 4. No seed treatment. 5. Poor irrigation management. 1. Growing on light soils. 2. Not adopting recommended spacing. 9 Cotton 3. Not adopting INM and IPM practices. 4. Growing under rainfed condition 109

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

4.9. EXTENSION & ADOPTION GAPS/LIMITATIONS: The gap between scientific know-how and field level do – how. has been widening in recent years. According to NSSO, Govt. of India (2005) report, only 40% of the farmers in the country accessed one or the other source for getting information related to modern forming while 60% farmers are unaware of modern agriculture technology. Further, the farmers who received farming related information from one or the other source, only about 50% actually tried the information or adopted the recommended technology indicating huge technology transfer (Extension) and adoption gaps. This gap being largest in live stock and fisheries sub- sectors which are emerging as an important contributors to the total agriculture GDP.

The huge technology unawareness, technology transfer and adoption gaps may be ascribed to: 1) In appropriate and non-attractiveness of technology package 2) Farmers unawareness of new and modern technology due to low literacy rate 3) Non-availability of modern technology related quality inputs at right time, in right quantity and at right and affordable cost. 4) Deteriorating terms and inadequate infrastructure for trade agriculture produce and 5) Ineffective agriculture extension services.

The size of existing extension service network in agriculture and allied sectors at district level is, by and large, satisfactory. Although the ATMA has been established for integration, co-ordination and convergence of extension efforts at the district, the perceived innovations in institutional reforms still face the implementation and operational linkage problems. Decentralization and participatory approach in extension delivery is a step in right direction. However the flow of appropriate technology, and value added information and combination of various supports services at right time and place to empower small and marginal formers for improving efficiency and viability of farming is in effective due to lack of sensitization, orientation and capacity building of field extension personnel of line departments and bottom level decision makers, The evidences of impact of ATMA module of extension delivery on small and marginal holdings and other disadvantaged group of farmers and farm women, which constitute huge number and preeminent for food and social security of the rural communities, are hardly visible. The key limitations of district extension system are:

 Public extension services are widely viewed as supply driven rather than demand- driven.  There is more focus on input distribution and subsidy administration rather than core function of farmer’s empowerment through credible extension work.  Segmented approach in extension service delivery without considering farmers interests and priorities.  Public extension deals with a large area and population with diverse cropping pattern and extension services are general in nature.  Poor networking and weak co-ordination in district line departments.  In inadequate capacity building/skill up gradation of extension workers to provide demand-driven, specialized, location specific extension services.  Due to large vacant posts, deployment of extension workers to other supervisory work, and constraints on budgetary allocation, the public extension system is not able to effectively perform its extension services.  Weak and / or non-existence of research – extension – farmer – market linkages. 110

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EXISTING INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISM IN THE GOVT. Besides deficits in public investment, credit, infrastructure and market economy, the “knowledge deficit” is the primary cause for the “development deficit” in agriculture and rural economy. The gap between scientific know-how and the field level do-how has been widening in recent years. This knowledge deficit need to over come speedily and effectively through efficient and accountable Agriculture extension machinery to enhance productivity, profitability and viability of farming, specially of small and marginal holdings.

Agriculture Extension Services are essential ingredients in agriculture and rural development under the changed economic scenario and the shift in priorities. The scope and importance of credible extension system for effective dissemination of appropriate agricultural technology to different socio-economic groups of farmers has increased considerably.

EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC EXTENSION SYSTEM IN STATE Public Extension System has undergone several changes since early 1950. Beginning with Community Development (CD) programme in 1952 through the National Extension Service in 1953, the main focus was on human and community development. There has been a steady progression towards technology transfer, with IADP in 1961-62, IAAP in 1964-65, HYVP and FTEP in 1966-67, and SMFDP in 1969-70.

The most significant development was the introduction of the Training and Visit (T&V) extension management system in mid 1970’s. T&V extension system was well suited to rapid dissemination of broad based crop management practices and registered impressive gain in irrigated area. Indeed, the T&V system played an important role in ushering the Green Revolution. The various mechanisms evolved in T&V system were very successful in providing a two-way channel for dissemination of technology to farmers and the feed backs of the problems faced by the farmers to research system with better Research – Extension - Farmer (R-E-F) linkages.

However, the T & V system being “Top-down” in approach generated uniformity rather than specificity with low level of involvement of farmers. The capacity building of extension functionaries and farmers was not adequately addressed and mostly remained with centralized operations. During post-green revolution period, when the T&V extension approach was extended to rainfed farming, the system failed to respond to the more location specific, risk- prone situation in sustainable manner. The system did not meet with success, the needs of diversified agriculture in rainfed area. Further due to closure of the World – Bank support to T&V extension approach, the R-E-F Linkages considerably weakened.

The state Department of Agriculture was reorganized in 1998 on “one window” pattern with a view to deploy more of its technical manpower in the field for implementation of various agricultural development programmes and to provide agro-technical services to farmers through single village level worker (VLW). This was a broad based extension model but lacked functional integration and the staff was equipped with traditional managerial skill of input supply, quality control with poor awareness about changing needs of farmers. This field staff is heavily burden with various schemes/protects and targets with very less emphasis on technology transfer and technology application in real-life field situation of farmers. 111

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PRESENT EXTENSION SERVICES 1. GOVERNMENT SECTOR 1.1 The Department of Agriculture of the state is the nodal agency for insuring overall development and growth of agriculture. At the district level, the Department of Agriculture is headed by Superintendent Agriculture Officer (DSAO) assisted by Deputy Director of Agriculture (DDA), Sub-Divisional Agriculture Officers (SAO), Taluka Agriculture Officers (TAO), Circle/Mandal Agriculture Officer (CAO), Agriculture Supervisors (AS), and Agriculture Assistants/Village Level Worker (VLW). The main responsibilities of Agriculture Department are:

 Implementation of various central and state sponsored schemes.  Transfer of Technology and  Providing other technical services

Department of Agriculture assists in transferring the latest agriculture technologies developed by SAU, ICAR and other Research organizations to the farm families through farmer’s field school, village seed programme, field demonstrations, kisan melas, training of farmers, direct contact, literature and print and electronic media. The department has introduced Krishi Viyan Mandals (KVM) and Self Help Groups (SHGs) for participatory extension services.

1.2 The district line Departments of the state Govt. such as Horticulture, Animal Husbandry, Dairy Development, Sericulture, Forestry, Fisheries etc are involved in providing extension services through supply of subsidized inputs and routine technical messages through seminar, workshops, demonstration, field visits, exhibitions, etc. Besides they implement various central and state sponsored schemes of the respective departments.

1.3 Apart from Agriculture and other Line departments, the Zilla Parishad (ZP) also has the department of Agriculture headed by Agriculture Development Officer (ADO) assisted by supporting staff at District Parishad and taluka and village Panchayats. They are mainly engaged in input supply and distribution, and quality control besides Extension services.

1.4 Following State Govt. setup corporations are mainly responsible for production, supply and procurement of inputs along with products related extension services in the district. a) MAIDC Ltd. b) MSSC Ltd. and c) M.S. Seed certification Agency. 1.5 Agriculture University Extension Services in the district covers. The organization of zonal Agri. Res and Extension Advisory committee meetings, monthly district workshops, Diagnostic team visits, joint field visits, demonstrations, trainings of extension personnel’s and farmers mainly through Krishi Viyan Kendra’s, ZRS/sub-stations and District Extension Agronomist with a team of subject matter specialists.

1.6 Krishi Viyan Kendra’s (KVK) mandate is technology assessment and refinement through On Farm Testing (OFT) and Front Line Demonstrations (FLD) of improved technology /products and its dissemination through training of extension personnel’s and farmers, and vocational training of rural youths and farm women. The Programme Coordinator (PC) as the head of KVK plans and implements tailor-made extension programmes based on thrust areas of the district. The PC of the KVK is assisted by six Subject Matter Specialists (SMS) of major disciplines and three Training Assistants and 112

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 supporting staff. The scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) of the KVK comprised of district heads of various line Departments, progressive farmers and KVK/SAU scientists meet twice in a year to review the progress of the work and discuss the future plan of work. The success of KVK largely depends on its strong linkages with line departments and contact farmers.

2. CORPORATE/PRIVATE/NGOS SECTOR Increasing restraints on Govt. finances and new arrangement in extension services, the corporate, private and large number of NGOs/ agencies are increasingly involved in providing technical and materialistic extension services in the district. The corporate houses, private wholesale dealers, retailers, traders are mainly involved in farm business through consultants and agri-business outlets. The major corporate players, which have already come up with their Agri-products are “e - chaupal” of ITC, “Aadhar” of Godrej Agro-vet, Shub Labh of Mahindra Group, Tata Krishi Seva Kendra of TATA Group etc. Most of these outlets are offering Agri-inputs at a single window and agricultural extension services related to their brand products. Some of the sugar mills in the district have also adopted the innovative method of agro-extension.

The farmer’s organizations (KVMs, SHGs) and NGOs largely dependent on Govt. grants/subsidies are also providing extension services in the district through participatory mode. The NGOs are mostly involved in promotion and credit linkages of SHGs, watershed development, organic farming, rain water harvesting, rural sanitation and health awareness etc. These private groups of extension agents are giving services free to nominal charges.

INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION: With a view to increase the quality of public extension system to face the challenges of 21st century, it was necessary to evolve new strategies for effectively disseminating newer technologies being evolved by the NARS. As reforms in the present public extension system, an Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA) was established and pilot-tested in four districts of the state during 10th four year plan. The main aim of ATMA is to integrate the various stakeholders at district level associated and involved with agriculture development activities within district. Based on experiences gained through pilot testing, the ATMA module of Extension delivery has been adopted in all the district of the state in the 11th plan.

The details of extension services provided by various line departments are given in table – 4.18 and the structure of Agri-extension services at district level is given in table – 4.19.

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Table 4.18 Agriculture Extension Services Provided by Various District Line Departments

Sr. Name of Extension Services Provided No. Department

Transfer of latest agriculture technologies developed by SAU/ICAR/other research organizations through training of farmers, farmers’ field schools. In-service training of field extension staff, organization of district monthly workshop, Agriculture 1 diagnostic team/joint field visits to identify specific technological Department problems of the district. Conduct-of demonstration, farmer rallies, publication of extensions literature, use of print, electronic media for wide spread of technological messages to reach maximum member of farmers.

EGS Linked horticulture development, NHM schemes for increasing area under horticulture crops, Assistance for setting Horticulture green/poly houses, shed net, nursery development, encourages use 2 Department of micro-irrigation like drip and sprinkler, fruit and vegetable processing. Transfer of horticultural technology through training, literature, and various mass media.

Services like artificial insemination, castration, vaccination, medical treatment and parasitic control measures. Undertakes Animal Husbandry extension activities like mass training, cattle exhibition/melawa 3 Dept. distribution of improved breeds of cow, goat and poultry units, feeds etc. implementation of self employment schemes for educated unemployed youths and Adarsh village programme.

Training of farmers, supply of planting material, disease free laying (DFL) at subsidy rate, purchase of Cocoons from farmers, 4 Sericulture Dept. provide subsidy for plantation of mulberry under EGS, publication of Extension Literature.

Kisan Nursery, village economic development programme and Social Forestry 5 imparting training to farmers in joint forest protection and Dept. management soil water conservation etc.

Operates various schemes of providing technical guidance to district Fisherman’s with respect to prawn & fish seed, nets and Department of 6 equipments on subsided rates. Financial assistance to fishermen Fisheries co-operative society, construction of Fish pond, intensive Fish culture, Training to employed youth and Fish farmers.

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TABLE 4.19

STRUCTURE OF AGRI. EXTENSION SERVICES

Sr. Government Corporate Private NGO No. 1 Channels e- Kiosk Traders Direct contact  Agri. and Line IT centres Input Dealers Programme Depts. Agri-business Whole specific  SAU, ZRS, RES outlets sale/retail shops approach Stations  KVK’s 2 Modes marketing Direct contact Extension  Training, FFS personnel Advertisements personnel demonstration Print/electronic Training plots, media Institutes  Field visits, Kisan Direct contact Mela. through Agri-  Print/electronic business outlets media.  Audio-visual publicity. 3 Subject Matter of Literature on Product/Brand Efficient input Extension Technology awareness, use  Efficient Input use Marketing pesticides, Production  Production arrangement fertilizers, Technology Practices Product/Brand implements, Crops/Varieties  Management awareness, equipments. Cropping Technology pesticides, patterns etc.  Crops/cropping fertilizers, pattern implements  Plant-protection etc.  Post harvest management/proc essing 4 Beneficiaries Farmers and Farmers, Farmers,  Farmers, youths entrepreneurs entrepreneurs entrepreneurs  Farm women  Input providers 5 Charges to Service Nominal Free Nominal charges users charges  Mostly free, logistic support to outstation visits

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4.9.5 ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF FARMERS INCOME

The distribution of this income among various categories of farmers in Osmanabad district is presented in the following table.

Table No. 4.20 Income Analysis of various categories of Farmers (Osmanabad) Gross income from Agriculture and Allied sector

Size of Land No. of % of Land Holding (ha.) Cultivator Operated 0-1 111194 9.57 1-2 130022 26.92 2-4 80191 31.09 4-10 32406 26.56 10 to 20 2513 4.56 20 to above 253 1.31 Total 356579 100.00

Rs. lakh Total Growth 2012-13 2014-15 Rates Gross value 149969.28 214320.85 7.5% added

Limitation: It is assumed that the productivity of land and labour is equal among all categories of cultivators. This is an important limitation of this analysis.

4.10 STRENGTHENING OF DISTRICT EXTENSION SYSTEM: ACTION PLAN AND COST : Agriculture Technology Management Agency, (ATMA)-Retooling necessary With a view to over come the limitations /constraints being posed over years by the present form of technology dissemination. Agriculture Technology management Agency (ATMA) has been established as a resisted society at district level to serve as a focal point for integration and coordination of research and extension activities within district. The Governing Board (GB) of ATMA chaired by District collector is responsible for developing Linkages with key line Departments, Research organizations, NGO’s and key stakeholders associated and involved with sustainable agriculture development in the district. GB of ATMA reviews the progress and functioning of ATMA whereas Management Committee (MC) headed by project Directive is responsible for planning, implementation and review of

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 day to day activities of extension services. The composition and key functions of GB and MC of ATMA are given in Annexure.

The primary goal of ATMA is to develop an efficient and effective public extension system that is well integrated and demand driven so that the credibility and quality of technology dissemination for different farming system groups specially of resource poor and disadvantaged farmers is enhanced. The thrust areas of research and priorities of extension in the district be set out through Strategic Research and Extension Plan (SREP) of the district developed by participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). The Programme implementation at Block /Taluka level and below is to be achieved through Farmer Information and Advisory Centre (FIAC) which acts a planning and operation arm at ATMA. The FIAC is supported by two groups viz, Block Technology Team (BTT) – a group of technical officers at block derived from different functional area and Farm Advisory Committee (FAC) – a body exclusively of farmers. BTT develops the Block Action Plan (BAP) in Light of SREP and responsible for its implementation while FAC plays a more proactive role in approving the BAP before they are referred to ATMA GB for final approval.

ATMA at district level and its various arms at block and village level need revamping and retooling through various process interventions. Viz:

- Strategic Research and Extension Plan (SREP) - Decentralized decision making - Bottom up Planning - Public – private partnership - Convergence of services - Farmers groups as institution mechanism - Developing and managing institutional Linkages.

There is an urgent need to revamp district. Extension system to improve the integration, coordination and linkages among district line departments, KVK, SAU/2RS, private sectors/NGOs and farmers organization for effective planning and execution of district extension programme ATMA at district level has to play a key role in effective coordination and implementation of various extension programmes. ATMA must function as coordination, facilitators and control unit for programme planning, execution, release of funds for various activities and finally monitoring and review of the ongoing programmes. ATMA is not on scheme out of so many schemes at the d level but it is a modal Agency. Hence ATMA must be strengthened to take up the function as envisaged in the ITD concept during 11th plan period. It is proposed to allocate Rs. 1024.33 lakh for strengthening ATMA under Stream I (Table 4.21).

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DIAGRAM – 4.1

DIAGRAM – 4.2 A FRAMEWORK FOR TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND DELIVERY SYSTEM

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Table No. 4.21 C-DAP Stream I NEW Scheme Proposed by ATMA Dist. Osmanabad Rs.in Lakhs

ATMA 2014 -15 2015-16 2016-17 Total

1 SUPPORT TO STATE EXTENSION PROGRAMMES FOR 214.63 311.88 322.25 EXTENSION REFORMS 848.76 2 KOUSHYALYA VIKAS PRAKSHISHAN 0.90 1.20 1.40 3.50 3 SAMUHA GAT SHETI 0.90 1.35 1.80 4.05

4 MAHARASHTRA AGRICULTURAL 68.02 100.00 0.00 COMPETITIVENESS PROJECT (MACP) 168.02 Total 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33

Table No. 4.22 C-DAP Stream I Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs Dist. Osmanabad Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Totoal department (Financial)

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture (Soil Consevation) 1 Intigrated Watershead Manegment Programme 3700 3500 2000 9200 2 Acceleratad Watershead Devlepment Programme 550 450 450 1450 3 Mahatma Joteba Fuhle Jal Bhumi Sandharan Abhyan - Under 500 500 500 1500 RKVY (Water bodies Repering And Deceltation Of Tank

4 Formpond (Small) Under RKVY New proposed Scheme 300 300 300 900 5 - 0 0 0 0 Total 5050 4750 3250 13050

Table 4.23 C-DAP Stream II Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture (Soil Consevation) 1 Intigrated Watershead Manegment Programme 3700 3500 2000 9200

2 Acceleratad Watershead Devlepment 550 450 450 1450 Programme 3 Mahatma Jotiba Fuhle Jal Bhumi Sandharan 500 500 500 1500 Abhyan - Under RKVY (Water bodies Repering And Deceltation Of Tank 4 Formpond (Small) Under RKVY New 300 300 300 900 proposed Schmme 5 - 0 0 0 0 Total 5050 4750 3250 13050 119

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4.11 PROJECTED OUTCOME AND GROWTH RATE DURING THE PLAN PERIOD PROPOSED GROWTH RATES: In case of Kharif jowar the productivity is increasing but the area is decreasing, as a result the growth rate of production is slowed down. Average yield in the districts when it is compared with average yield obtained in frontline demonstration, the yield gap is 80 %. This indicates that there is a considerable scope to increase the productivity by improving the management practices. To reduce the risk, this crop should be grown in inter-cropping system. Considering the response of present varieties to manures, fertilizers, irrigation and other management practices, it is possible to improve the productivity with higher growth rate as 10 to 12.

Among pulses, Tur, Mung and Udid are the major crops. Tur is a two seasonal crop having 170 days duration. This crop is sown in last week of June or First week of July. At the end of rainy season i.e. 90 to 100 days after sowing flowering starts in this crop. Because of low moisture in soil, there is shedding of flowers. It reduces the number of pods and finally the yield is low in rainfed situation. This crop responds very wells to improved crop management practices under irrigated condition. There is considerable scope for its improvement in productivity. The yield gap is more. Considering improvement in management practices and agricultural services the higher growth rate is proposed. Higher growth rate is also proposed for Mung and Udid. These are short duration crops. Irrigation is not required in normal situation. There is scope to improve their productivity.

In rabi season, the major crops are Jowar, Wheat and Gram. Rabi Jawar is grown on stored soil moisture. The stored moisture is only about 30% to 45% of total water requirement of Jowar and hence the yield is low. This can be improved by irrigation, nutrient management and timely intercultural operations. The area under rabi jowar is more. If there is slight improvement in management there can be considerable increase in yield. The irrigated area of jowar will increase in future. Situation of gram is also same as rabi jowar. Productivity is high under irrigated condition. In addition to this, high yielding varieties of gram are released recently. These varieties under irrigated conditions will help in improving productivity. Hence, higher growth rate is proposed as for gram. Wheat is important crop in irrigated area. Farmers are also giving priority to wheat if irrigation water is available. Low yield of wheat might be due to inadequate irrigation water. Several times it is observed that there is no sever pest in case of wheat, which reduces the risk in cultivation and if irrigation water is available in adequate quantity, the productivity is higher. In future, it is possible to increase irrigated area and hence higher growth rate is proposed as.

Sugarcane is important irrigated crop. Maximum amount of irrigation water is used to this crop. Area under this crop is about 20000 ha in this District and average yield is only 70 ton/ha. Average yield of this crop was 110 ton in 1960-61, which has decreased as farmers are not adopting the concept of integrated nutrient management, improved irrigation management and soil health including management, productivity is low. This can be improved, hence higher growth rate is proposed.

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Bajra is drought resistant crop grown on medium to coarse textured shallow soils. Short duration high yielding varieties are available. If there is slight improvement in management practices, such as seed treatment, to maintain optimum plant population, integrated nutrient management, intercultural operation for insitu moisture conservation in scarcity situation, the yields are very high. Considering the present varieties and future agricultural services the higher growth rate of productivity is proposed.

Maize is a heavy feeder. It gives good response to nutrient and irrigation. There is no much risk in crop production because there is no severe pest attack, hence area is increasing. Considering the situation higher growth rate is proposed.

CROP DIVERSIFICATION PLAN AND PROJECTED OUTCOME: In this District, the total cropped area is 841188 ha, out of which about 405000 (52.49%) ha area is under cereal crops. Among cereals, Kh. Jowar, Bajra, Maize, Rabi Jowar and Wheat are the major crops. Kharif Jowar is an important crop but it is not much economically profitable. This crop faces problems like, in the event of late sowing (after 1st July) the crop is severely affected by shoot fly, steam borer, which becomes very difficult to control. This crop also suffers, because of grain mould due to September rains, causing deterioration in quality and hence fetches low price, due to such constraint the area under sorghum is reduced.

Soybean is potential crop emerging as a star oilseed in this district. Area and productivity is increasing. There is scope to increase the productivity. This crop can help to maintain good soil fertility and hence it is proposed to increase the area by reducing the area of Kh. Jowar and Bajra. It is also suggested to increase the area under other oil seed crops.

Tur is important pulse crop and it is also suited to this rainfall pattern. Area under this crop is 98200 ha with the productivity of 565 kg/ha. The major constraints in increasing the productivity is rainfed area, use of local varieties, low seed replacement rate. There is scope to increase the productivity by providing. Protective irrigation, using high yielding varieties and by adopting improved agricultural practice. This crop may help to improve the growth rate.

Sugarcane is cash crop of prime importance. At present area under sugarcane is 20000 ha with average yield of 70 t/ha. The area under sugarcane in this district undergoes cyclical changes. It increases with availability of water, but when production increases, farmer faces the problem of marketing and they get low prices. Most of the farmers always prefer to take sugarcane when irrigation water becomes available. But, it is highly essential to explain them to take fruit crops, vegetables, spices medicinal plants. Under scarcity condition the crops, which are giving more monetary return per unit of water that should be preferred. Sugarcane requires more amount of irrigation water. Improper management leads to water logging and soil salinity. Duration of this crop is also more. In comparison with sugarcane the vegetable crops like chillies, onion, tomato and potato can give more monetary return per unit of water. Hence, it is proposed to reduce the area of sugarcane or if it is not possible keep the area static and increase the productivity of sugarcane. There is a scope to increase the productivity upto potential 121

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 yield of 300 ton/ha. Productivity can be increased by using high yielding varieties, improved planting method, adopting INM, using drip irrigation method and other improved agricultural technologies.

Bajra is predominant Kharif crop of this area. Area under this crop is 21800 ha under scarcity situation, the productivity is higher, this crop can be grown on coarse textured shallow soils, but this crop is also not much profitable to the farmers. Hence, it is proposed to shift some area of Bajra, to other crops.

Maize is an important cereal crop. Farmers are giving preference to this crop because there is no much risk of pest attack, high yielding varieties are available and yield potential is very high. This crop can help for achieving higher growth rate in cereals. It is a heavy feeder of nutrients, hence an appropriate Land Management with integrated nutrient practice is necessary for sustainable growth rate. At present, the area under Maize is 14400 ha. It is proposed to increase the area by reducing the area of Kharif Jowar.

Rabi Jowar is most important cereal crop of the district, which meets the requirement of both grain and fodder. The area under this crop is 243700 ha even a small increase in productivity can lead to significant rise in production. At present productivity of this crop is low because of mostly rainfed area. Rabi Jowar is grown on residual moisture. Local varieties are used. Seed replacement rate is very low and farmers are not adopting improved agricultural technology. There is scope to improve the productivity of this crop by enhancing the area under irrigation, use of improved varieties and by increasing the seed replacement rate and by adopting inset moisture conservation technologies on large area. Wheat is grown on 38000 ha with a productivity of 867 kg/ha. The climate is not ideal for growing wheat in this district, but there is low risk of pest as compared to other crops and therefore farmers are giving preference to this crop, hence there is no need to reduce the area but need to improve the productivity by seed replacement, fertilizer management and proper irrigation management.

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TABLE NO. 4.24 Yearwise Area, Production & Productivity Crops in of Principle Osmanabad District. Area in "00"ha., Production in "00"MT.(Cotton in "00"bales of 170 kg each) & Productivity in Kg/ha.(Cotton in Lintkg/ha.,Sugarcane in Mt./ha.)

Normal (2006-07 to 2010-11) 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 (Projected) 2016-17 (Projected) Name Of Sr.No. Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Produ Crops Area Area Area Area Area ction ctivity ction ctivity ction ctivity ction ctivity ction ctivity

1 Paddy 113 45 399 93 28 306 72 32 448 113 55 486 113 60 534

2 Kh.Jowar 654 431 659 439 209 477 351 343 976 400 317 793 400 349 872

3 Bajara 184 85 465 144 44 306 120 78 652 130 80 617 130 84 647

4 Maize 141 132 935 210 123 584 251 271 1081 164 205 1247 190 260 1371

5 Tur 844 653 774 938 288 307 818 951 1163 853 795 931 895 916 1024

6 Greengram 175 53 305 150 35 230 174 104 599 199 88 444 218 106 488

7 Blackgram 434 146 336 452 121 267 451 279 618 491 236 480 540 285 528

8 Soyabean 412 415 1008 1059 946 893 1448 2761 1907 577 850 1473 1750 2835 1620

9 Kh.Sunflower 254 129 510 112 38 341 21 13 619 130 74 568 130 81 624

10 Kh.Groundnut 34 37 1087 56 21 383 51 43 845 91 65 709 98 76 779

11 Seasamum 45 10 221 37 7 183 32 10 301 45 13 279 45 14 306

12 Niger 39 10 254 34 6 186 84 25 303 39 14 367 39 15 385

13 Cotton 67 115 291 221 233 179 271 488 306 76 166 370 84 201 407

14 Sugarcane 421 30857 73 491 16694 34 255 15810 62 475 37554 79 475 40375 85

15 R.Jowar 2621 2095 800 1836 773 421 1940 1864 961 2660 2490 936 2926 3011 1029

16 Wheat 376 387 1030 138 57 416 451 488 1081 354 421 1189 413 540 1307

17 R.Maize 15 26 1733 44 30 674 72 180 2497 17 31 1850 19 36 1940

18 Gram 753 550 731 608 223 367 1022 959 938 775 673 868 852 813 954

19 Safflower 312 178 572 153 46 300 209 111 531 314 204 649 316 215 681

20 Sunflower 391 259 663 165 52 316 179 96 536 125 99 789 150 124 828 Summer 21 Gr.Nut 34 37 1087 13 5 396 20 23 1146 34 41 1210 34 45 1330

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TABLE NO. 4.25 Minimum Support Prices Statement Showing Minimum Support Prices Recommended by CACP and Fixed by Government for different commodities

(As on 25.06.2014)(Rs. per quintal) Commodity Variety 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 (#) 2014-15 (#) Increase Increase in MSP in MSP 2013-14 2014-15 over over 2012-13 2013-14

KHARIF CROPS PADDY Common 1000 1080 1250 1310 60(4.8) 1360 50(38) Grade 'A' 1030 1110 1280 1345 65(51) 1400 55(41) JOWAR Hybrid 880 980 1500 1500 - 1530 30(2.0) Maldandi 900 1000 1520 1520 - 1550 30(20) BAJRA 880 980 1175 1250 75(6.4) 1250 - MAIZE 880 980 1175 1310 135(115) 1310 - RAGI 965 1050 1500 1500 - 1550 50(3.3) ARHAR(Tur) 3000 3200 3850 4300 450(11.7) 4350 50(1.2) MOONG 3170 3500 4400 4500 100(2.3) 4600 100(2.2) URAD 2900 3300 4300 4300 - 4350 50(1.2) COTTON Medium 2500 2800 3600 3700 100(2.8) 3750 50(1.4) Staple Lonq 3000 3300 3900 4000 100(26) 4050 50(1.3) Staple GROUNDNUT IN 2300 2700 3700 4000 300(81) 4000 - SHELL SUNFLOWER SEED 2350 2800 3700 3700 - 3750 50(14) SOYABEEN Black 1400 1650 3700 2500 300(13.6) 2500 - Yellow 1440 1690 3700 2560 320(14.3) 2560 - SESAMUM - 2900 3400 3700 4500 300(71) 4600 -100(22) NIGERSEED - 2450 2900 3700 3500 - 3600 100(2.9) RABICROPS WHEAT 1120$ 1285 1350 1400 50(3.7) - - BARLEY - 780 980 980 1100 120(12.2) - - GRAM - 2100 2800 3000 3100 100(33) - - MASUR (LENTIL) - 2250 2800 2900 2950 50(1.7) - - RAPESEED/MUSTARD - 1850 2500 3000 3050 50(1.7) - - SAFFLOWER - 1800 2500 2800 3000 200(7.1) - - TORIA - 1780 2425 2970 3020 50(17) - -

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Commodity Variety 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 (#) 2014-15 (#) Increase Increase in MSP in MSP 2013-14 2014-15 over over 2012-13 2013-14

OTHER CROPS COPRA Milling 4450 4525 5100 5250 150(294) - - (Calender Year) Ball 4700 4775 5350 5500 150(2.80) - - DE-HUSKED 1200 1200 1400 1425 25(1.79) - - COCONUT Calender Year) JUTE 1575 1675 2200 2300 100(455) 2400 100(4.3) SUGARCANE 139.12 145 170 210 40(235) 220 10(48) # Figures in brackets indicate percentage increase. $ An additional incentive bonus of Rs. 50 per quintal was payable over the Minimum Support Price(MSP).

å Staple length (mm) of 24.5 -25.5 and Micronaire value of 4.3 -5.1 å å Staple length (mm) of 29.5 -30.5 and Micronaire value of 3.5 -4.3 ¶ Additional incentive at the rate of Rs. 500 per quintal of tur, urad and moong sold to procurement agencies was payable during the harvest/arrival period of two months. * Fair and remunerative price.

4.12 ISSUES FOR RESEARCH : The following aspects need in depth research to achieve 4 percent or higher growth rates in agricultural production under changing climatic conditional.

1. Develop new genotypes that can tolerate water stress and high soil water conditions. 2. Develop heat and drought tolerance in genotypes.

3. Attempt conversion of C3 type plants to C4 type plants. 4. Develop new land use systems including agronomy practices and restoration of soil health. 5. Find out various measures of watershed management under varying climatic and topographic conditions. 6. Use and development of multi purpose live stock species and breeds. 7. Processing of agricultural produce with compatibility and in appropriate interface.

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8. Studies on dynamics and diversity of insets, pathogen bacteria and virus. 9. Interrelationship of livelihood of farmers and fisherman visa-vis the small units. 10. Studies on demand and supping of commodities, prices, trade, regional and societal difference. 11. Quality of produce criteria determination 12. Enhance research on applications of short, medium and long range weather for casting system to reduce production risk. 13. Develop compendium of indigenous traditional knowledge and explore position of using it. 14. Institutionalization of phonology of perennial crops as bio indicator of climatic change. 15. Determine the training needs of various levels of officers.

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CHAPTER V ALLIED AGRICULTURE SECTOR

5.1 INTRODUCTION: C-DAP of the district is aimed at enhancing the growth rate of Agriculture. Along with it other allied activities like, Sericulture, Horticulture, Animal Husbandry Fisheries, Watershed development, Agrobased rural development, Food processing units, Development of Rural Industries, Agricultural Marketing and Agricultural credit have also-been included in the Project Report.

Critical Analysis of the available data/statistics and information was made to formulate the strategies and recommendations for enhancing the growth rate of Agriculture as well as of allied activities. Thus, by increasing the growth rate of allied activities to minimum level of 6 percent per annum, it is expected that the overall growth of Agriculture and Allied Activities together will help in achieving CGR to 4 percent during the 12th plan period.

5.2 DEVELOPMENT OF HORTICULTURE IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT DURING 12TH FIVE YEAR PLAN : INTRODUCTION : Horticulture has gained very much importance during last few decades in Osmanabad district. The cultivation of fruit crops has been accelerated due to implementation of the scheme of development of Horticulture through EGS. The State Government is providing necessary help and technical guidance to the farmers for undertaking the cultivation of horticulture crops. During 12th plan the development of Horticulture will take place at a faster rate with the facilities provides by the government through the horticultural mission.

DEVELOPMENT OF IRRIGATED FRUIT CROPS : In Osmanabad district among irrigated fruit crops Mango, Sapota and Banana are major fruit crops. Mango cultivation undertaken by using grafts is mostly under irrigated conditions.

Guava, sweet orange and banana are taken in the district under irrigated conditions. Table 5.1 shows the area, production and productivity of Horticultural crops.

DEVELOPMENT OF RAINFED FRUIT CROPS : In Osmanabad district more than 70 per cent of cultivable area is rainfed. In this area and in waste lands the rainfed fruit crops like mango, awala, tamarind, custard apple, ber etc can be cultivated. During 12th plan area under rainfed fruit crops can be doubled by providing the farmers the required planting material and other inputs. A separate proposal for the establishment of research station and production of planting material of rainfed fruit crops has been prepared.

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In rainfed fruit crops the package of practices are yet to the finalized. For solving the problem in the cultivation of rainfed fruit crops a separate proposal to establish a research station at Osmanabad has been prepared.

The cultivation of rainfed fruit crops if is taken on large scale then the production will increase with the growth rate of 30 per cent. For the increased production of rainfed fruits, availability of markets will be a problem. If the glut is there in the market then prices will go down. There would be post harvest losses to the fruits. Therefore, proper storage and marketing of fruits should be planned well in advance.

PRODUCTION OF NURSERY PLANTS : If the area under fruit crops has to be increased during 12th plan then the demands for the planting material will increase. In order to meet out the demands, the nursery activities will have to be strengthened. All the State Government owned and private nurseries will have to be strengthened. A separate proposal for strengthening of nurseries has been prepared. Besides open production of the plants, it would be essential to undertake the production of planting material in protected areas in shade nets and polyhouses. Even tissue culture technique will have to be used to produce the planting material in sufficient qualities.

DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETABLES AND SPICES : The trend of consumption of vegetables in daily diet is increasing in urban as well as rural areas. Therefore, the demands for fresh vegetables are increasing. In Osmanabad district tomato, chilli, cabbage, cauliflower, bhendi, leafy vegetables are important under cultivation in different seasons. With the increase in the area under irrigation, the area of vegetable crops is increasing. During 12th plan the projected area and production of vegetables indicate that the production will increase from 10 per cent (cucurbits) to 40 per cent (tomato) in Osmanabad district (Table 5.2). The demands for the vegetables produced under organic farming are increasing. Therefore, a separate proposal of production of vegetables under organic farming in Osmanabad district has been prepared.

Among spice crops, turmeric, ginger, onion, garlic and coriander are important crops grown in Osmanabad district.

VEGETABLE SEED PRODUCTION: This is an important aspect as the demands for the seeds of different vegetable crops are increasing. The farmers can undertake the seed production of vegetables like chilli, tomato, brinjal, onion, coriander etc. The seed certifying agency of the district can provide necessary guidance and help to the farmers. DEVELOPMENT OF FLORICULTURE: The cultivation of flower crops is gaining much more importance as the demands for the fresh flowers are increasing. In Osmanabad district the flower crops like rose, jasmin, gillardia, mogra, shevanti etc are grown by the farmers on small scale around the towns. There is good scope to increase the area under flower crops under irrigated conditions. The area and production of flower crops can be increased at the growth rate of 40 to 50 per cent as the gross values added by the flower crops are very high. The farmers can earn 3 to 5 lakh rupees from the cultivation of one hectare flower crop like rose of tuberose.

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HIGH TECH CULTIVATION: The polyhouse cultivation of flower crops and few vegetable crops like capsicum, cucumber are highly remunerative. The government is providing necessary facilities to the farmers for the high tech cultivation of flower crops in green houses. The necessary finance is being provided by the State Government and banks for the establishment of green houses. The progressive farmers should come forward to undertake the high tech cultivation in Horticulture. A separate proposal on high tech cultivation of floriculture for Osmanabad district has been prepared. Under the proposal the farmer will be provided all the necessary material and guidance for undertaking the high tech cultivation of flowers. The flowers so produced in polyhouses can be sent to western countries and the farmers can earn handsome returns from the export of flowers.

POST HARVEST HANDLING AND MARKETING : In order to avoid the post harvest losses of fruits, vegetables and flowers, it is important to handle them properly. In Osmanabad district grape and kesar mango are produced on sizable area and part of the production is used for export. For export of grape pre cooling, cold storage and refrigerated facilities are required. The farmers also need proper guidance in the production of export quality produce. They should be given training in this regard. The high tech cultivation of flowers when will become popular among the farmers then the proper marketing system will have to be developed for export of flowers. At Osmanabad there is need to develop international airport for direct transport of flowers by air to middle East and Western countries. Good road transport facilities are essential for transport of horticultural commodities within the state. A good marketing chain is essential for immediate transport and marketing of horticultural produce.

PLAN OUTLAY: Table no. 5.5 shows XII Plan outlay for Horticulture Rs. 18368.00 under stream I & II.

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Table 5.1 Present and projected area, production and productivity of Horticultural crops in Osmanabad district

(Area in Hectares, production in mt, productivity in mt/ha)

Sr. Name of Present 2010-11 Projected 2012-13 Compounded growth rates No. crop Area Production Product Area Production Product A P Y (A) (P) (P) (A) (P) (P) A) Fruit crops 1 Mango 7800 73600 9.44 2321.91 14969.83 41.00 2 Sweet orange 900 15973 17.75 375.46 5774.62 80.00 3 Sapota 1150 18760 16.31 315.04 2147.20 75.93 4 Guava 640 20120 31.44 106.58 1192.74 92.09 5 Banana 670 20830 31.09 552.59 16588.26 238.19 Total (A) 1160 149283 106.03 3671.58 40672.65 527.21 (B) Vegetable crops 1 Tomato 180 5200 28.89 225.84 9069.60 181.00 2 Brinjal 310 9130 29.45 159.39 3279.60 127.01 3 Cauliflower 65 1610 24.77 170 3750 22.05

4 Bhendi 290 868 2.99 50.70 637.87 72.40 5 Cabbage 80 1970 24.63 190 4250 22.36 Total (B) 925 18778 110.73 795.93 20987.07 424.82 (C) Flower crops 1 Mogra 0 0 0 5.60 80.20 25.00 2 Gillardia 3 Rose 15 7 0.47 19.17 39.49 12.97 4 Jasmin 5 Shevanti Total (C) 15 7 0.47 24.77 119.6 37.97 (D) Spices 1 Chilli 750 6756 9.01 960.27 35094.23 96.00 2 Turmeric 210 360 1.71 668.18 13406.81 77.50 3 Ginger 350 2032 5.81 76.02 851.07 76.00 4 Garlic 150 950 6.3 799.80 17526.11 105.97 Total (D) 1460 10098 22.83 2504.27 66878.2 355.47

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Table 5.2 Gross values added of Horticultural crop in Osmanabad district at Constant prices (1999-2000) (production in mt. Gross values in lakh rupees)

Sr. Name of crop Gross 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 No. values @ Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Rs/mt Added Added Added Added Added Added

A) Fruit crops 1. Mango 9000 16200 1458 18000 1620 26400 2376 35000 3150 41600 3744 55100 4959 2. Sweet orange 4500 5100 229.5 3560 160.20 3300 148.5 4800 216.0 6500 292.5 8400 378.0 3. Sapota 4500 3850 173.5 4296 193.32 4200 189.0 5000 225.0 5850 263.25 7000 315.0 4. Guava 6000 15000 900.0 840 54.0 1600 96.0 1700 102.0 1900 114.0 2000 120.0 5. Banana 1800 3200 57.6 3200 57.6 7000 126.0 10500 189.0 14400 259.2 19000 342.0 Total (A) 25800 43350 2818.6 29896 2085.12 42500 2935.5 57000 3882 70250 4672.95 91500 6114 B) Vegetables crops 1. Tomato 4500 3500 157.5 7000 315.00 10800 486.0 14800 666.0 19000 855.0 19500 877.5 2. Brinjal .4500 6400 288.0 6400 288.0 10200 459.0 14400 648.0 18500 832.5 22800 1026.0 3. Cauliflower 4500 12000 540.0 4000 180.0 6600 297.0 10400 468.0 15000 675.0 19200 864.0 4. Bhendi 3500 13000 455.0 14000 490.0 21000 735.0 24000 840.0 27200.0 952.0 36000 1260.0 5. Cabbage 4500 12000 540.0 4000 180.0 6600 297.0 10400 468.0 15000 675.0 19200 864.0 Total (B) 17000.4 7400 11670 5 46900 1980.5 35400 1453 55200 2274 0 3090 94700 3989.5 0 4891.5 C) Flower crops 1. Mogra 20000 0 0 0 0 2 0.40 0 0 1 0.20 3 0.60 2. Gaillardia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3. Rose 30000 7 2.10 7 2.10 45 13.50 20.50 6.15 23 6.90 31 9.30 4. Jasmin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5. Shevanti 10000 0 0 0 0 9 0.90 3.50 0.35 5 0.50 7 0.70 Total (C) 7 7 56 24 29 41 D) Spices 1. Chilli 4000 6756 270.24 7431 297.24 5642 225.68 5940 237.60 6500 260 7300 292 2. Turmeric 3500 0 0 396 13.86 2900 101.50 4270 149.45 5250 183.75 6200 217 3. Ginger 8000 2032 162.56 2235 178.80 1600 128 8050 644 9000 720 9300 744 4. Garlic 2500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0.07 5 0.12 Total (D) 8788 10062 10142 18260 20753 22805

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Table 5.3 Gross value added of Horticulture crops in Osmanabad district (Rs in lakhs)

Sr. Crops 2011-12 2012-2013 2013-14 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 No. 1. Fruit crops 7790.39 7947.05 10154.16 12216.54 13679.93 16948.39 2. Vegetable crops 4042.62 3898.32 5174.25 6520.04 7874.34 9229.74 3. Total 11833.01 11845.37 15328.41 18736.58 21554.27 26178.13

Table 5.4 Compound growth rate

(Rs in lakhs) Sr. Crops 2006-2007 to 2010-11 2012-2013 Compound growth rate No. 1. Fruit crops 7790.39 16948.39 16.8 2. Vegetable crops 4042.62 9229.74 18.0 3. Total 11833.01 26178.13 17.1

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Table 5.5 Proforma – I Horticulture

Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme (Financial) Total departme 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 nt Horticulture 1 On farm water Management under NMSA 1720.00 1820 1920 5460.00 2 Vermicompost 100 per village at RS.2500/- for 737 50.00 50.00 100.00 200.00 villages 3 Compost pit in all villages 20.00 20.00 40.00 80.00 4 Green manuering 1000 plots per talukas 4.00 4.00 8.00 16.00 5 Biodynamic compost 5.00 5.00 10.00 20.00 6 Protective cultivation 484 500 600 1584 7 Precision farming 4.00 4.00 5.00 13.00 8 Production of planting material 70.00 70.00 60.00 200.00 9 Community Tank Nos 50.00 500.00 500.00 1050 10 Vegetable seed production 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 11 Technology Demonstration 8.00 9.00 9.00 26.00 12 Strengthening of agri polyclinic 100.00 100.00 120.00 320.00 13 Strengthening of TSF 10.00 10.00 10.00 30.00 14 Strengthening of State Govt. nurseries in 160.00 160.00 160.00 480.00 Osmanabad district. 15 Development of organic farming in vegetable crops 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 inOsmanabad district 16 Establishment of new gardens under EGS 576.00 577.00 577.00 1730.00 17 National Horticulture Mission 750.00 850 1050 2650 18 HRD in Horticulture 20.00 20.00 30.00 70.00 19 Registration of Grapes Farm for export (Grapenet ) 1.50 2.50 5.00 9.00 20 Registration of Mango Orchards for export (Mangonet) 0.50 3.00 5.00 8.50

Total:- 4153 48445 5349 14346.5

Proforma – II Horticulture

Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture 1 Mission for integrated 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 development of horticulture management Total 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69

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Proforma – III Horticulture

Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Totoal departm (Financial) ent 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Agriculture 1 Eastablishment of Horticulture Garden Under MREGS 75.00 125.00 135.00 335 2 Production of planting Material Under MREGS 80.00 90.00 100.00 270 3 Registration of Anar for export (Anarnet) 0.00 2.00 5.00 7.00 Total 155 217 240 612

Proforma – IV Horticulture

Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016- 17 Horticulture 1 Establishment of horticulture 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 training centre at Osmanabad 2 High tech floriculture project for 50.00 100.00 70.00 220.00 Osmanabad dist. Total 150.00 200.00 170.00 520.00

5.3 COMPREHENSIVE DISTRICT AGRICULTURAL PLAN (SERICULTURE) OSMANABAD DISTRICT : Sericulture is a relatively new activity in Osmanabad District. The activities of sericulture were being looked after by staff of District Sericulture Office, located at Latur up to June 2007. Now there is a separate Sericulture Office for Osmanabad District since June 2007. There is one Sericulture Development Officer Grade-1, assisted by Seven Technical Staff ,one Clerk,one driver and one peon.

The data regarding mulberry plantation, DFLs consumed and cocoon production of Osmanabad District during 2013-14 have been incorporated in table No. 5.6

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Table No. 5.6 Mulberry Plantation, DFLS consumed and Cocoon Production of Osmanabad District during 2013-2014

Sr. No Items Data

1 No. hectares under Mulberry Cultivation 79.80 Ha.

2 No. farmers engaged in Sericulture 167

3 No. farmers trained 95

4 Total no. of DFLS consumed 45400

5 No. DFLS and Bivoltine CRS breed consumed 45400

6 No. DFLS of Kolar Gold (CB) consumed 0

7 Total production of Silkworm Cocoons in kg 25748.3 kg

8 Value in Rs. (lakhs) of cocoons produced Rs. 9298078/-

9 Average DFLS consumed from old plantation 1121.47 DFLS / Ha.

Average Cocoon productions per ha, from old 10 719 kg / Ha. plantation

Average Cocoon production per ha, from 11 584.2 kg / Ha. Marathwada Region

12 Average Cocoon production per ha, from State 566.00 kg per Ha.

It is seen from table no. 5.6 that a total of 79.80 Ha of area was under mulberry cultivation by March 2014. Total numbers of farmers in the District were 167. A total no. of 95 farmers was trained in Sericulture.

Information on taluka-wise distribution of Mulberry plantation and total number of farmers up to March 2014 are given in table No. 5.7. The names of important villages taluka-wise are also incorporated in table no. 5.7.

At present the mulberry cultivation is Osmanabad District is scattered. There is a need to develop few clusters for effectively developing sericultural activity in the district.

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It is observed that mulberry was grown on an area of 79.80 ha by March 2014 (199.50 acres). Total numbers of farmers in the District were 167 engaged in sericulture. A total of 95 farmers were trained.

It is further observed from table No. 5.6 that a total no. of 45400 DFLs were consumed on an area of 68.80 ha of mulberry cultivation.All these DFLs consumed are only of Bivoltine (CRS) breed.. Whereas, No single DFLs of ‘Kolar Gold’ cross bred breed of Silkworm was reared by the farmers of Osmanabad District.

The 100 % sericulturist in Osmanabad consume only silkworm rearing of bivoltine hybrids, which are high productive and of superior in quality of International standard.

It is further observed that Osmanabad District produced silkworm cocoons (25748.3 kg) worth Rs. 9298078/- value during 2013-14.

The average consumption of DFLs per ha by the farmers on old plantation was 1121.47 DFLs / ha against average of 1187.67 DFLs per ha. consumed by the farmers of Marathwada Region.

The recommended and potential consumption is 1500 DFLs (5 crops of 300 DFLs of each crop) per ha. per year. It is clear that DFLs consumption per ha., per year of Osmanabad District was low against potential consumption there by affecting production of silkworm cocoons in the district.

1. COCOON PRODUCTION: Data given in Table No. 5.6, indicate that average cocoon production of Osmanabad District per Ha, from old plantation was only 1121.47 kg / ha, as against 584.20 kg / ha, from Marathwada Region and 566.00 kg / ha, from Maharashtra State.

The potential and recommended productivity is 1000 kg cocoon per ha, of mulberry cultivation per year.

It is clear from above figures that the average productivity cocoons of Osmanabad District was high as compared to the State and potential yield.

There were highest cocoon productivity of the District than the potential yields.There were highest cocoon production 75 Kg per 100 DFLs Of District in 2013-14 which is Highest in Maharashtra State. The farmer of this district got highest rate in Ramnagaram cocoon market (Karnataka state) .

Information on taluka-wise distribution of mulberry plantation and total number of farmer is given in table no. 5.7

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It is seen from table no. 5.7 that highest area of mulberry plantation was in kalam taluka (41 Ha.), followed by Osmanabad (14.60 Ha.), Washi (10.20 Ha.), Tuljapur(7.00),Bhoom (4.80 Ha.),Paranda(1.00 Ha) Umerga taluka (0.80 Ha.).And Lohara (0.40 Ha).

Training facilities to the farmers and land for the cultivation of mulberry are not available with the District Sericulture Office Osmanabad .

2. CONSTRAINTAINTS FOR ACHIEVING POTENTIAL PRODUCTIVITY: The average productivity of cocoons per ha., per year was low i.e. 719.00 kg / ha., per year.

Table No. 5.7 Taluka-wise distribution of mulberry cultivated area, number of farmers and important villages in Osmanabad District

Sr. Important Taluka Area in Ha. No. of Farmers No. Villages

1 Osmanabad 14.60 26

2 Kalam 41 92 Raigavan,Naigao 3 Washi 10.20 20 n,Khamkarwadi, Nippani, Moha,karajkhed, 4 Bhoom 4.8 10 Devlali,khed,, Bhandari, 5 Umerga 0.80 1 Mankeshwar, Gandhora,Sarde 6 Tuljapur 7 16 wadi,Malegaon, Chincholi 7 Lohara 0.40 1

8 Paranda 1 1

The constraints for the same are as under:-

1. Low consumption of DFLs by the Farmers. 2. Inadequate utilization of mulberry leaves. 3. Lack of Training facilities with the District. 4. Insufficiant Technical Staff. 5. Scattered mulberry cultivation. 6. No private Cocoon Reelers and Cocoon purchase market in the district. 7. Low adoption of improved and recommended technologies of mulberry cultivation and silkworm rearing of high quality by the farmers.

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3 STRATEGIES AND NEW SCHEMES PROPOSED FOR SERICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT DURING XITH PLAN PERIOD: Following strategies and new schemes besides existing schemes are proposed to increase the productivity and production of cocoons in the District.

INCREASING THE AREA UNDER MULBERRY CULTIVATION: During 2013-14, the area under Mulberry Cultivation in Osmanabad District was 79.80 Ha. It is now proposed to double this area say up to 360 ha, during XIIth plan period. Accordingly new schemes with budget provision are proposed.

INCREASING MULBERRY AREA UNDER BIVOLTINE CSR HYBRIDS: To meet the demand for raw silk yarn in Marathwada Region and the State, And to increase productivity as well as quality of cocoon production. This district adoptedonly the consumption of bivoltine (CSR) silk breed. Not a single farmer had produced cocoons from Kolar Gold cross breed in the District.

It is necessary for the Sericultural Department Staff to do lot of extension work and undertake farmers training in improved technologies of Bivoltine CSR hybrids and to provide facilities as to reach large number of farmers in Osmanabad District.

PROVISION OF ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL STAFF: The District Sericulture Office at Osmanabad has been provided with very less staff i.e. one post of District Silk Development Officer and seven posts of technical staff.

PROVISION OF A JEEP TO THE OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT SILK OFFICE: At present, the District Sericulture Office at Osmanabad has been provided with conveyance (One Bollero Jeep). The conveyance is required for providing technical guidance to all farmers in remote villages. a) CATALYTIC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME : Different schemes under C.D.P. during XIIth plan period by the Central and State Government have been proposed with varied subsides for the Mulberry Sericultural Development activities.

SUPPORT FOR MULBERRY PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT: During XIIth plan period grants are provided for the Development of irrigated Mulberry Garden.

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Assistance provided would be Rs. 14000/- per acres or Rs. 35000 per ha. The Govt. of India i.e. Central Silk Board would provide 50% subsidy and the rest 50% has to be equally borne by the State and Beneficiary.

An amount of Rs. 26.80/- is proposed for 102 ha, for Mulberry Plantation Development.

ASSISTANCE FOR IRRIGATION AND OTHER WATER CONSERVATION AND USAGE TECHNIQUES: During XIIth plan, the beneficiary will be provided Rs. 75,000 / ha, for irrigation proposes to include all types of irrigation such as drip irrigation, tube / open wells, ponds, farm ponds etc.

It is proposed to provide 50% subsidy by the Central Silk Board and balance has to be equally shared by the State and Beneficiary (25% + 25%). The subsidy is restricted up to 1 ha, of Mulberry Garden per farmer.

Accordingly, Rs.172.061 lakhs have been provided under this .

SUPPORT OF REARING APPLIANCES INCLUDING IMPROVED MOUNTAGES / FARM EQUIPMENTS TO FARMERS FOR BIVOLTINE SERI-FARMERS: In order to encourage production of Bivoltine hybrid silk production, the unit cost of Rs. 70,000 per acre per farmer to be shared at 50:25:25 by CSB, State and Beneficiary have been provided.

A total provision of Rs. 276.15 lakhs is proposal under this scheme.

ASSISTANCE FOR CONSTRUCTION OF REARING HOUSE: Under Catalytic Development Programme a subsidy of 50% has been proposed for three models of rearing houses (a) Rs. 30,000/-, (b) Rs. 90,000/-, (c) Rs. 1,75,000/-. And 275000/-The share of Centre , State and Beneficiary would be respectively 35%,35% 30%: 35%,35% 30%: 20%,30%,50% and 10%,20%, 70%..

SUPPORT FOR CHAWKI REARING CENTRE BUILDINGS AND PROCUREMENT OF CHAWKI REARING EQUIPMENTS: Under Catalytic Development Programme, the Central and State Government propose to give assistance of Rs. 6.00 lakhs per Chawki Rearing Centre and 70% subsidy (Central Silk Board and State Government 35% each). The rest of 30% share would come from the beneficiary.

There are 3 Chawki Rearing Centre available at present onein Osmanabad and two in Kallamb.It is proposed one CRC in Washi, Bhoom And Tuljapur .

A total provision of (3x6.00) Rs. 18.00 lakhs have been provided under this scheme.

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Each C.R.C. can be undertaken by any progressive farmer preferably educated unemployed from the mulberry cluster.

Each C.R.C. would cater to the Chawki reared worms to the farmers in an around 50 ha radius at the rate of Rs. 1000 / 100 DFLs worms instead of silkworm eggs.

ASSISTANCE FOR FARMERS TRAINING CENTRE & TRAINING PROGRAMME FOR OSMANABAD DISTRICT: There are no facilities of Training for farmers with District Silk Development Office, Osmanabad District. It is essential to establish Farmers Training Centre along with at least 1 ha, of land for growing mulberry and developing infrastructural facilities. Farmers have to be trained in improved technologies of Mulberry Cultivation and Silkworm Rearing, which will help directly to promote sericulture.

An amount of Rs. 90 lakhs is proposed i.e. Rs. 90 lakhs for farmers training centre ASSISTANCE TO ESTABLISH MULTIEND REELING UNITS: It is necessary to motivate private entrepreneurs to establish Reeling units so as to encourage development of private market for the purchase of Cocoons from the farmers. Farmers would get timely and better remuneration for cocoons.

Subsidy is provided to the extent of 75% (50% centre + 25% state) and the rest 25% will have to be borne by the beneficiaries.

It is proposed to establish 1 multiend 10 basin units in Osmanabad each costing Rs. 10.54 lakhs under Catalytic Development Programme.

A total outlay of Rs. 10.54 lakhs is provided for this purpose.

ASSISTANCE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF KISAN NURSERY:

Under Catalytic Development Programme, the Central and State Government propose to give assistance of Rs. 1.15 lakhs per 1.00 Acre Kisan Nursery and 50% subsidy by Central Silk Board and 25% State Government . The rest of 25% share would come from the beneficiary.

A total provision of 17 Acre Kisan Nursery (12x0.86250) Rs. 14.65 lakhs have been provided under this scheme.

SUPPLY OF QUALITY DISINFECTING MATERIAL:

Under Catalytic Development Programme, the Central and State Government propose to give assistance of Rs. 0.05 lakhs per farmer and 50% subsidy by Central Silk Board and 25% State Government . The rest of 25% share would come from the beneficiary.

A total provision of 526 farmer (527x0.03750) Rs. 19.76 lakhs have been provided under this scheme.

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ASSISTANCE FOR VERMICOMPOST:

Under Catalytic Development Programme, the Central and State Government propose to give assistance of Rs. 0.20 lakhs per Shed and 50% subsidy by Central Silk Board and 25% State Government . The rest of 25% share would come from the beneficiary.

A total provision of 400 shed (400x0.15) Rs. 60.00 lakhs have been provided under this scheme.

4. TIMELY SUPPLY OF INPUTS FOR SILKWORM GROWERS AND PROMPT PAYMENTS AGAINST COCOON PURCHASES: Timely supply of inputs to the farmers namely mulberry cuttings, DFLs, rearing equipments etc. is necessary for increasing the production of Silkworm Cocoons.

There is cocoon sale by farmers to the private cocoon market which located at Ramnagaram (Karnataka state) deu to high rate than the Departmental rate.

If above mentioned schemes and suggestions are promptly implemented the production and productivity of Osmanabad District would be doubled and we would be taking one step forward to achieve our vision of self sufficiency and export of the Silk yarn.

141 Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No. 5.8 Proforma-I C-DAP Stream I Department wise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs Dist. Osmanabad

Year Total Scheme Proposed 2014-15 20015-16 20016-17 Sr. Name of Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. No. Department Assistance for Farmer’s Training 30.00 30.00 30.00 90.00 Centre Assistance multiend Reeling Units 0 0 10.54 10.54 Mulberry plantation under RKVY 0 31.50 31.50 63.00 Total:- 30.00 61.50 72.04 163.54

C-DAP Stream II Department wise Existing Scheme strengthening Proposed Programme Rs.in Lakhs Dist. Osmanabad

District Planning & Development Scheme (supply of mulberry cuttings, 10.50 22.50 30.00 63.00 disease free eggs etc.) 8 Sericulture Subsidy under RKVY (supply of 50.40 60.00 60.00 170.40 Rearing equip. and labour charge etc.) Purchase of silkworm cocoons 0 100.00 100.00 200.00 Assistance for construction of Rearing 111.00 175.00 175.00 461.00 House Supply of Rearing appliances / Farm 66.15 105.00 105.00 276.15 equipments Package for Mulberry Plantation 26.8 0 0 26.80 Assistance for Irrigation facility 37.06 67.50 67.50 172.06 Assistance for Chawki Rearing Centrs 4.20 4.20 4.20 12.60 Supply of Quality Disinfecting 4.76 7.50 7.50 19.76 Material Assistance for Vermicompost 0 30.00 30.00 60.00 Assistance for Kisan Nursery 4.31 5.17 5.17 14.65 Total:- 315.18 576.87 584.37 1476.02

EXISTING SCHEME WITH BUDGET PROVISION FOR OSMANABAD DISTRICT DURING XITH PLAN PERIOD: The existing and ongoing schemes proposed for Osmanabad District, during XIth plan period along with year-wise budget provision have been incorporated in Table No. 5.8

THE PROJECTED SILKWORM COCOON PRODUCTION IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT The details of projected silkworm cocoon production of Osmanabad District are depicted in Table 5.9 as under.

142 Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No. 5.9 Projected Silkworm Cocoon production in Osmanabad District

Production of Growth Compound Sr. No. Year Cocoons in kg Rate % growth rate % 1. 0 19541 0 0 2. 1 25748 31.76% 0 3. 2 65,000 52.44% 0 4. 3 90000 38.46% 0 5. 4 120,000 33.33% 0 38.99% 38.99%

If all above mentioned strategies and schemes are implemented the projected compound growth rate of 38.99 would be achieved.

THE PROJECTED SILKWORM COCOON PRODUCTION AND ITS VALUE AT THE END OF XITH PLAN PERIOD: The projected Silkworm Cocoon production and its value at the end of XIIth plan period are given in Table No. 5.10.

Table No. 5.10 The projected Silkworm Cocoon production and its value at the end of XIIth plan period Production Expected value in Rs. Value from Sr. Year of Cocoons lakhs @ Rs. 250/- per kg increased prod. In No. in kg of cocoons Rs. lakhs

1. 2012 – 2013 19541 5028676

30971324

2. 2016 – 2017 120000 36000000

Compound growth rate = 38.99%

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5.4 ANIMAL HUSBANDRY: COMPREHENSIVE AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT PLAN OSMANABAD DISTRICT : LIVE STOCK

INTRODUCTION: There are 8 talukas in the district. These are 1) Osmanabad 2) Lohara 3) Tuljapur 4) Omerga 5) Kalamb 6) Washi 7) Bhoom 8) Paranda. There are 735 villages in the district. The livestock resources of the Osmanabad district are of the order of ten lacks cattle units, comprising of cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs and poultry etc. Taking into consideration the moderate price of Rs. 10,000/- per cattle unit, the livestock resources of Osmanabad district amount to the order of 1000 crores as a fixed asset. This generates the products like milk, work (draft), meat, eggs, wool, skins/hides and organic mannure.

CATTLE AND BUFFALOES: Breeding Policy for cattle and buffaloes aims at increased productivity of cows by genetic improvement. However, it also aims at conservation of native breeds and ensuring adequate supply of bullocks for animal draft power in rural areas. For achieving genetic up gradation three pronged strategy is to be adopted. a) Cross-breeding programme for non-descript cows by Artificial Insemination using Jersey and/or HF exotic bull frozen semen. Up gradation of cross-breeds also by using the same breeds frozen semen. b) Natural Services by ‘true to type’ bulls of selected native breeds – in such areas as tribal, hilly and non accessible areas. c) Conservation of native breeds by using semen of proven ‘true to type’ bulls of the same breed. d) For genetic improvement in buffalos semen from recognized breeds of buffalo bulls like Murrah/Surti will be used.

BREEDING: ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION - The work of A.I. is mainly undertaken by the Govt. and Zilla Parishad agencies, through different Veterinary Institutes in the district. Apart from this cooperative societies and private agencies are also providing A.I. services to some extent.

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DAIRYING

INTRODUCTION: The overall growth rate (4.5 per cent) in the Livestock sector is steady inspite of the fact that, investment in this sector is not substantial. Women constitute 70 per cent of the labour force in livestock farming. As the ownership of live stock is more evenly distributed with landless labourers and marginal farmers the progress in this sector will result in a more balanced development of the rural economy. Animal Husbandry and Dairying will receive high priority in the efforts for generating wealth and employment increasing the availability of animal protein in the food basket.

Milk production is helping to raise living standard of marginal farmers, unemployed youth and small farmers – women labourers etc. even from draught prone areas of the district. However, due to shortage of feed and fodder etc. there is no expected increase in growth rate of milk production.

PRESENT SCENARIO : The role of the Dairy Development Department is shrinking and more responsibilities are being shouldered by the Cooperative milk Federations. Earlier the entire cooling and related infrastructure was with the Dairy Development Department. However, during the recent past as per the state policies these things are being transferred to the milk federations. Earlier during nineties, there were certain programmes with the department to increase the milk production, viz. supply of heifers/buffalos calves to the farmers, provision of trainings and supply of fodder seeds etc. These programmes are no more in existence. In the era of delicencing and competitive market, the earlier monopoly of cooperative and government dairy is disappearing and more private dairies are coming in the scene. This also has an advantage of getting competitive rates for the milk to the dairy farmers.

The following milk federations are functional in the district.

1) Tuljabhavani Milk Federation Limited, Osmanabad. 2) Vasant Dada Taluka Milk Federation Limited, Osmanabad. 3) Bhoom Taluka Milk Producers and Suppliers Federation Limited. 4) Vashi Taluka Milk Producers and Suppliers Federation Limited.

Besides these federations following private dairies are also collecting milk from the district. Warna Dairy, Kolhapur, with a daily milk collection of 35000 Liters, Dynamic Dairy, Baramati, with a daily milk collection of 12000 Liters.

Because of lower purchase rates of milk from the government and sometimes delays in payments, a substantial quantity of milk (50,000 Liters per day) is processed for khoa and Peda preparation. The khoa producers themselves have developed a marketing network in district markets like Pune, Mumbai and Hyderabad etc. the Kunthalgiri Peda has developed a special flavor/taste and hence preference among the consumers.

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SHEEP AND GOATS

INTRODUCTION: During the last 4 decades, there has not been much increase in the sheep population. Indian wool is primarily used in production of carpets, druggets and wall hanging etc. To enhance the quality and quantity of wool, shepherds need incentives like credit, health coverage, breed improvement programmes and timely disposal of wool and surplus animals at a remunerative price.

Osmanabad Breed goat is nationally famous and has won National Medals on several occasions. It is in great demand all over the state and country for the reasons such as its sturdiness resistance to diseases, early maturity, fast multiplication through twin births, low fat content in the meat apart from its delicious taste.

PRESENT SCENARIO: Despite several benefits of stall fed goat rearing activity against the traditional rearing system, these have not been realized to the desired extent. The importance of goat farming has increased now due to its economic returns Goats need minimum inputs such as supplementary feeding, Veterinary medicine and labour.

Non availability of feed/fodder particularly that of grazing lands is a constraint in increasing meat production by increasing sheep and goat population. However, instead of increasing their population, emphasis should be laid on productivity per animal. The genetic improvement strategy coupled with extending credit to the poor landless and women labourers will further boost the growth rate in meat production.

There are two Osmanabad Goat Breeding Farms in the district. 1. Osmanabad Goat Marketing Services Farm, Osmanabad and Ahilyabai Sheep and Goat Corporation Farm at Tirth, Tuljapur.

The existing marketing centre at Yedshi which was shifted to Pangri needs to be revived at Yedshi. This market of skin and hides serves districts of Marathwada and Vidarbha and has a turn over of more than 1 crore rupees on market day. This market can be used to develop units for further processing of skins and hides in a cluster approach, with technical assistance from Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI) Chennai.

BREEDING POLICY:

1) It is primarily aimed at increased meat production and at the same time for sheep aims for increased wool production too. 2) Osmanabad and Sangamneri breeds of goats and Deccany breed of sheep are identified as germ plasm for genetic up - gradation of non-descript breeds in respective species.

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3) Considering the narrow gestation period and reproductive life span and also the other implications of A.I. technology in these species, natural services will continue to be the strategy for genetic up-gradation in sheep and goats. 4) Punyashlok Ahilya Devi Sheli va Mendhi Vikas Mahamandal, Pune will be responsible to maintain farms for production of nucleus flocks of selected breeds and organize breeder farmers associations. This will help for production of stock to be distributed under its programmes. 5) Punyashlok Ahilya Devi Sheli va Mendhi Vikas Mahamandal, Pune, MAFSU Nagpur and Animal Science Division of State Agricultural Universities will be designate agencies responsible for conservation of native breeds of sheep and goats with element of public sector investment.

POULTRY

INTRODUCTION: Poultry is one of the important Animal Husbandry activities. Climatic conditions in the district are conducive for poultry keeping. Business can be done by any group and by either sex. In present economic crises poultry keeping provides supporting income. Quality organic manure is another important factor.

PRESENT SCENARIO: Details of poultry population in Osmanabad district are provided in the appended table (Table No. 5.11).

BREEDING POLICY: 1) Breeding Policy for poultry aims at increased production of eggs and poultry meat by increasing productivity of native poultry birds and introduction of new species of birds. 2) State may continue to supply crossbred stocks of improved breed like R.I.R. For this purpose, these types of stocks may be maintained by poultry farms owned by State. 3) Breeding policy for chicken breeds mainly covers the species suitable for back yard poultry. 4) At present the breeds developed by ICAR Institutions are recommended for the State, such as Giriraj and Vanraj have been selected for the purpose of upgrading deshi poultry birds.

STRATEGIES SUGGESTED FOR INCREASING MEAT AND EGG PRODUCTION: A) Small breeding units in back-yard poultry clusters: As per the breeding policy for bringing about genetic improvement in local poultry birds, a unit of 23 hens and two cocks of improved breed like Giriraj and Vanraj of 8 weeks old will be supplied on 50 per cent cost subsidy to women members of Mahila Bachat Gut and members from BPL groups. Cost per unit amounts to Rs. 800/- Total member of beneficiaries will be100 women members from each taluka. Thus, total 800 beneficiaries from the district. This will help in increasing the number of improved

147 Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 female poultry birds and thus will enhance the growth rate of egg production to 6 per cent. Budgetary provision required is indicated in the appended profile of project.

B) Supply of Hatching Eggs: Deshi hens are available with small farmers and even with landless labourers. These hens are broody every 6 months and can hatch out 9-10 chicks each time. This is most economical way of getting chicks hatched out, - particularly when hatching services are not available. Hence, eggs form genetically improved breeds will be supplied to small marginal farmers and women members. Their Deshi hens will help in getting these eggs hatched out at very nominal cost. Thus, it will result in increasing the growth rate of eggs and meat production.

C) Training Camps: Training Camps will be organized at frequent intervals in all talukas for women members of Mahila Bachat Gut and other interested farmer labourers. These training camps will educate the farmers /entrepreneurs to adopt scientific practices in poultry rearing, feeding etc, for increasing the productivity. On completion of training program successfully, the participants will be given certificates. This will further help to trained personals to get loans from cooperative banks. By this way more number of personals will be entering into this business and there by more poultry birds will be getting added to the poultry population. All this is aimed at increasing growth rate of eggs and meat production. Budgetary provision required is indicated in appended profile of project.

D) Supply of Poultry Feed: The major constraint in poultry development is the cost of feed which amounts to about 80 per cent of the total expenditure. To over come this problem and to help in achieving sustainable growth in poultry farming, the poultry feed will be supplied on 50 per cent cost subsidy basis to the beneficiaries of all the Schemes proposed.

For this poultry Feed Depots will be established at each taluka place, where poultry feed will be made available at 50 per cent subsidy rate. Remaining 50 per cent cost may be recovered form the sale of meat and eggs produced by the beneficiaries. Budgetary provision required for the scheme is appended in the profile of project.

E) Price Control Policy for Meat and Eggs: At present, prices of meat and eggs are controlled by Egg Marketing Coordination Committee at State level. It is observed that there is always fluctuation in the prices of eggs as well as meat. Policy should be framed out to see that prices are assured to the producer all round the year on lines with agriculture produce like cotton etc.

F) Disease Control and Health Cover: To avoid major losses in poultry industry, it is very important to have regulation and control on the dealing with epidemics of poultry diseases, like Bird Flue and Avian Influenza etc. For this the district diagnostic centre should take care of sero-monitoring and sero-surveillance work regularly. It is also important to ban illegal movements of poultry, birds entering from affected districts. For this quarantine stations be located

148 Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 around district borders. Regarding vaccination of poultry birds and other health cover, details have been appended in a separate note on Disease control and Health cover of Livestock. G) Establishment of Intensive Poultry Development Centre: As per the state Govt. policy, state owned farm and hatchery will be established at the district for maintaining foundation stock of selected genetically improved birds breeds and to make male birds, pullets, day old chicks and hatching eggs etc. available for breeding/multiplication at farmers end.

Thus, with all these multipronged approach and systematic well planned strategies there will be significant increase in genetically improved poultry population, which with better rearing, feeding and disease control programmes etc. will result in increasing the growth rate of meat as well as egg production to 6 per cent.

LIVE STOCK HEALTH CARE AND DISEASE CONTROL

Since long, efforts are being made to control diseases namely, Rinderpest, Foot and Mouth Disease, H.S., B,Q. and Anthrax etc. Although, Rinderpest has been eradicated out from the country, prevalence of the other diseases continues to be one of the major problems in the animal production programmes. Some of the emerging diseases like PPR, Blue Tongue, Sheep Pox, Goat pox, Ranikhet and Bird Flu etc. are causing substantial economic losses. There should be an effective surveillance and monitoring system for diseases. There should also be mass immunization programme against the most prevalent diseases.

At present Veterinary services are provided through district Veterinary Polyclinic at district head quarter, mini polyclinics at talukas or tahsil level, and grade I and II Veterinary dispensaries in muffasil areas. Veterinary health care is being rendered for – a) Treatment of ailing animals, which includes clinical diagnosis of the diseases, medicament and surgical interventions. b) Prevention against infectious diseases by carrying out prophylactic vaccination amongst all the species of livestock. c) Diagnosis of disease with the help of laboratory investigations. d) Deworming against parasitic diseases. e) Ectoparasite eradication to control economic loss. f) Reproductive programmes, like Artificial Insemination, Pregnancy Diagnosis, Infertility and allied problems. g) Medicolegal or Veterolegal cases. h) Emergency problems like out brakes, poisoning etc.

HAZARDS OF FEEDING SUGARCANE TOPS: A large area in the district has come-up under sugarcane plantation. It is observed that farmer –breeders from these areas feed their animals with sugarcane tops. This is resulting in coffee colour urine- Heamoglobinurea disease, particularly in buffaloes. Hence buffalo owners will have to be educated to feed sugarcane tops only after treating with phosphorus.

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Mastitis: Bad handling procedures of striping milk coupled with unhygienic conditions lead to Mastitis problem in milking animals. It is hazardous disease and as there is considerable reduction in milk yield resulting in economic loss. Quick diagnostic test reagents with required equipment have been provided at most of the Veterinary institutions. Mastitis detecting reagents should be supplied regularly and special Mastitis detection programme should be organized at frequent intervals.

Fasiolosis: In Osmanabad district there are 4 irrigation projects viz. Chandni, Terna, Bori and Lower Terna. In these areas Faciolosis problem through liver flukes do occur. It brings about morbidity and mortality in young calves and sheep, leading to economic loss to the farmers. Natural prevention of Fasiolosis can be possible if duck rearing programme is implemented in this area. Ducks reared just eat snails and thus help in prevention of disease. Treating boundaries of tanks and river beds with copper sulphate can also reduce incidence of the disease.

Rabies: Now a days, dog population in city areas has increased. If these dogs are not cared for – particularly vaccinated against rabies, it will result in incidences of Rabies in the areas. Rabies prevention can be effectively done by undertaking vaccination of owned as well as of stray dogs.

To control increased population of dogs, dog breeding control programme should be under taken with the cooperation from NGO like SPCA. This will result not only in controlling the dog population but will help in reducing the Rabies problem from untreated dogs. Thus, multipronged approach for disease control and health care will result in well being of the livestock and help in giving boost to their production i.e. of milk, meat, eggs and wool too. Table No.5.11 Showing Taluqa wise Poultry population in Osmanabad district

Sr. No. Taluqa Poultry Population Total Improved Indigenous 1 Osmanabad 16024 38202 54226 2 Tuljapur 12206 27700 39906 3 Lohara 683 5267 5950 4 Omerga 607 7419 8026 5 Bhoom 954 36547 37501 6 Paranda 8010 30014 38024 7 Washi 1441 31055 32496 8 Kalamb 2496 30045 55008

150 Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Table No. 5.12 Showing Projected Production & its value in Osmanabad district at constant price.

Base line 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5°' Year Commodity C.G.R.

Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value Prod. Value

Milk Value 4.6 3.5 Lakh Rs, 70 3.6 Lakh Rs. 72 lakh 3.8 lakh Rs, 76 4.2 Lakh 84 Rs.92 4.8Lakh Rs.96 ® Lakh Lit. Lakh. Lit. Lit. lakh Lit. Lakh Lakh Lit. Lakh -- Rs.20/Lit. Lit.

Meat Value @Rs.--/kg. ------

Woo] Value ® Rs.--/kg. ------

Eggs Value @Rs.- -/------

Broiler (Poultry Meat) Value ------@ --/kg.

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Table 5.13 Showing Projected Production & its value in Osmanabad district at constant price

Sr. Production Production Production C.G.R. No. (Base Line) (Final)

Milk Value 3.5 Lakh Lit. 4.8 Lakh Lit. 1 6.52 Rs. 20/ Lit. Rs. 70.0 Lakh Rs. 96.0 Lakh

Meat Value 2 ------Rs. --/kg.

Wool Value 3 ------Rs. --/ kg.

Eggs value 4 ------Rs. --/--

Poultry Meet 5 ------Value Rs. --/kg.

Total Rs. 70.00 Lakh Rs. 96.00 Lakh 6.52

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Table no. 5.14 Department wise infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing (Osmanabad Distrct)

name of scheme year wise programme (Financial) info. About scheme Total departent New/ongoing 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 supply of mini Promotion of DOC production Setter & of deshi and improved birds Hatchers of 53 53 106 at farmers doorstep, get 5000 eggs employment and income capacity source

Use of chaff cutter, saves 20 animal to 30 % of Fodder. So that, husbandry to minimize the fodder Introduction of shortage, and proper use of Power driven 30 30 60 available fodder, power chaff cutter driven chaff cutter would distributed to farmers on 50%

subsidy basis.

Department wise production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing (Osmanabad Distrct) Total ( in name of departent scheme New/ongoing year wise programme (Financial) lacks)

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 A.i.delievery system under Rkvy 2.73216 36.71386 100 50 189.44602

distribution of Assistance to farmers for each district

promotion of integrated will be as per 15 15 livestock farming on 25% livestock subsidy census

distribution of each district establishment of silage making 30 30 will be as per unit livestock census

Animal husbandry supply of medicines to the 14.44 14.44 animals in cattle camps of

drought prone area

Distribution of 40 female & 2 1.943 0 1.943

male goat in DPAP area establishment of silage making 98.7 98.7 unit in drought affected districts under rkvy as drought mitigation measures

stall fed 40+2 goat unit by punyashlok ahilyadevi 22.5 22.5 maharashtra mendhi va sheli vikas mahamandal

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Department wise infrastructure&Assets Scheme New/Ongoing (Osmanabad Dist.) info. About scheme name of year wise programme (Financial) scheme New/ongoing Total departent 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 establishment of gokul establishment of gokul grams grams under Rashtriya under rashtriya gokul mission for 500 500 1000 gokul mission maintenance of non-productive cows& buffaloes.

establishment of mobile extensions centers for information Education, publicity of govt. communication and use of 100 50 150 Schmes & creation of technology transfer to rural awareness among farmer farmers at District level

mobile marketing units for poultry meat and 100 100 200 for promotion of clean meat eggs subsidy celling Rs.3.75 Lakhs per unit

faciliating market for marketing of live birds/goats linkage for live birds, 100 100 200 etc animals subsidy celling Animal Rs.2.00 lakhs per unit husbandry 1 unit veterinary health services like supply of veterinary X treatment of ailing animals, mobile units cum 24 24.00= operations & surgical Diagnostic labratories 24.00 interventions. lakhs

A ) laptop @Rs. 45,000/- each, total Rs. 45,000 *1993= 8,96,85,000/-, and dongal @ Rs. 2000/- each, total Rs. 2000 modernization of *1993= 39,86,000/- , OPD veterinary Dispensaries, 43.95 43.95 Software approximately @8000/- Gr-I for online data entry for each dispensary, total Rs. 2000 *1993= 1,59,44,000/- , High Speed Scanner approximately @80000/- total Rs. 80000 *80= 64,00,000/- each in order to implement eGoverance policy and to register the monitor the drug & semen straw inventory.

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Department wise production & Growth (Revised) Scheme (Osmanabad Distrct) year wise programme info. About scheme name of scheme (Financial) Total departent New/ongoing 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17

Clean Milk Clean Milk Production Production through through supply of supply of Milking 31.25 31.25 62.5 Milking machines to machines to farmers on 25% subsidy farmers on 25% subsidy Production Assistance to enhancement, farmer farmers for should get employment promotion of 625 625 1250 throughout the year, to Integrated Livestock Farming on 25% increase income of subsidy farmer in sustainable form

distribution of For the cultivation of Fodder production each district fodder crop in the fallow 30 30 will be as per From Fallow lands livestock lands, 75% subsidy census would given to farmers.

Animal In scarcity conditions, husbandry distribution Hydroponic fodder of each production it useful. Establishment of district will This is a new technique. Hydroponics fodder 15 15 be as per Rs.50000 /- per unit production unit livestock subsidy would given to census farmers for the establishment of unit. Azolla conations 30 % of distribution proteins, which is useful of each for animal health and Establishment of A district will milk production. 75% Azolla production 15 15 be as per subsidy i.e.Res.40000 /- unit livestock per unit would be given census to farmers for the establishment of unit. Fodder production at farms of MLDB, Ship& Goat Dev. 33.345 33.345 Carporation of Maharashtra

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Table 5.15 Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme (Financial) Total department

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Dairy Development 1 Supply of khawa/paneer making 50 50 50 150 Machines to milk producer 2 Dairy development Erection of 100 100 100 300 chilling plant Total 150 150 150 450

Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Dairy Development 1 Integrated Dairy Development Project 0 2500 2500 5000 (Dairy Farm Park) 2 subsidy under RKVY (Supply of rearing 100 100 100 300 equipment & labour chages ext) Total 100 2600 2600 5300

Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Dairy Development 1 Establishment of Milk Routes 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 2 Assistance for multiend reeling unit 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 Total 160.00 170.00 170.00 500.00

Department Wise Production & Growth (Revised) Scheme Proposed Name of Scheme Proposed Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014- 2015- 2016- 15 16 17 Dairy Development 1 Supply of Improved milch animal under 100 100 100 300 Marathawada vikas Package Yojana Total 100 100 100 300 156

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

5.5 DEPARTMENT OF FISHERY DEVELOPMENT: Though Osmanabad is a district, which doesn't touch any coastline, inland /fresh water fishery is an important component for undertaking comprehensive agricultural development plan. There are several schemes, related to fishery, implemented in the district. The following Fishery Development plan is divided into 3 parts - section A. Growth Projection. B. Analysis of Existing Schemes and C. Details of Proposed Schemes.

A) Growth Projections, Existing Schemes & Proposed Plans For, projecting the growth in the fishery sector, we need to analyze the existing resources and build on that. The following are the fishery resources available in the district:

1) Inland Fisheries. Major rivers of the District — Terna, Manjara, Seena, Bori ,Harni, Chandni are the main rivers. Total length of the rivers in the district — 558 Kms.

2) Irrigation Tanks in district. A) Above 200 Hec Water spread. — No.l2.Waterspread area 5793 Ha B) Below 200 Hec. Water spread — No.216 Water spread area 8702 Ha C) Percolation Tanks Water spread — No.829 Water spread area 4237 Ha.

Total Water spread Area 18732Ha Water spread area under are ; 18732 Ha Up to 2014-15 1. Total number of fisheries co-op societies 150 2. No of fishermen 5500 3. Active fishermen 3857 4 Fish seed production farm Chandani 1 5. District fisheries co-op federation 1

As increase in water spread area is the major criteria for increasing inland fishery production, the following are the year wise growth plan for the Twelth Five Year plan period is given in Table below.

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Table 5.16 Availability of Water spread for fishery development in XII plan period. Present area in Proposed area in ha ha Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 No Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha Total Water Spread area suitable-

A) Ponds (below 20 ha.) 40 564 570 590 610 630 650

B)Tanks (21 to 200 ha) 176 8138 8150 8170 8200 8250 8300

C) Reservoir (Above 200 ha) 12 5793 5793 5793 5793 5793 5793

Sub Total 228 14495 14513 14553 14603 14673 14743 Total Water spread area under Pisiculture

A) Ponds 37 522 250 560 570 580 600 B) Tanks 165 7760 7800 7850 7900 7950 8000 C) Reservoir 11 5571 5793 5793 5793 5793 5793

Sub Total 213 13853 14143 14203 14263 14323 14393

Table 5.17 Growth projections for fishery development in XII plan period. Sr, Particulars 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 No. 1 Fish seed requirement in Lakhs 300 310 320 330 340 2 Fish seed production in Lakhs - 100 110 120 130 3 Total fish production in MT. 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 4 Functional fishing Cooperatives. 140 140 140 140 140 5 No. of fisherman engaged in 3857 3900 3950 4000 4100 fishing 6 Value offish production in Lakh 720 750 780 810 840 Rs.

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B) Analysis of existing schemes. The existing schemes broadly can be classified in to two categories as given below. 1) Sarva -Sadharan Yojana (General schemes) 2) Anusssuchit Jati Up-Yojana ( SC sub schemes)

1) SARVA -SADHARAN YOJANA (GENERAL SCHEME) a) Production of fish seed. Under this programme, the seed of fast growing fish species is produced and distributed to the fishery cooperatives and individuals on no profit no loss basis. A circular hatchery construction has been completed at Chandani project in Paranda block during 1994-95. The performance of the said unit during last three years is presented below.

Fish seed production in Sr. No. Year Lakhs 1 2012-13 - 2 2013-14 - 3 2014-15 - b) Stocking of fish seed in impounding water This scheme is meant for promotion of fish production in the water bodies suitable for fish farming. The fishery department provides locally produced seed of fast growing fish species to fish producers. The performance of this scheme during last three years is as below.

Storage of Sr. Fish production Remarks. Year fish seed No. in M.T. (lakh) 1 2012-13 0.60 500 2 2013-14 3.49 1450 3 2014-15 - 1900 c) Subsidies for procuring fishing equipments. This scheme provides an assistance through a subsidy up to 50% to the fishery cooperatives to acquire nylon net, monofilament net and fishing boats

Sr. Year Purchase of nylon net Subsidy amount (Rs-Lakh) No. (Kg) 1 2012-13 100 0.15 '2 2013-14 534 0.80 3 2014-15 1000 1.50 d) Development of Fishery cooperatives. This programme aims at supporting the cooperatives through improving their functioning and thereafter strengthening them economically. A management subsidy and partly support in working capital is provided through this programme for a period of initial five years. . The performance of this scheme during last three years is as below.

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Sr. Year Subsidy amount (Rs. Lakh) No. of coop. No. 1 2012-13 0.50 5 2 2013-14 0.50 6 3 2014-15 0.60 6 e) Training for youth in fishery development.

Sr. No. Year seed stocking in Lakhs Fish prodn. inMT 1 2012-13 - - 2 2013-14 - - 3 2014-15 - -

The youth are trained under this programme, the training component are closed department.

2) ANUSUCHIT JATI YOJANA (SC SCHEME) a) Production of fish in impounded water. Under this programme, the seed of fast growing fish species is distributed to the fishery cooperatives of backward communities and individuals. For the first three years the entire cost of seed is borne by the state. In forth year 50%and in fifth year 25% stocking is taken care by the programme and the rest of the same is expected from the cooperatives. The performance of the said scheme during last three years is presented below.

Sr. Supply offish seed Fish production Year No. (Lakh) (MT) 1 2012-13 0.51 100 2 2013-14 - 150 3 2014-15 - 90 b) Subsidies for procuring fishing equipments. This scheme provides assistance to the backward class fishery cooperatives through a subsidy up to 50% to acquire nylon net, monofilament net and fishing boats. The detail of this programme during last three years is given below. Sr. Year Purchase of nylon net Subsidy amount No. (Kg) (Rs.Lakh) 1 2012-13 - - 2 2013-14 66 0.10 3 2014-15 66 0.10 b) Development of Fishery cooperatives of backward communities. This programme aims at supporting the cooperatives through improving their functioning and thereafter strengthening them economically. A management subsidy and partly support in working capital is provided through this programme for a period of initial five years. . The performance of this scheme during last three years is as below.

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Sr. No. Year Subsidy amount (Rs. Lakh) No. of coop. 1 2012-13 - - 2 2013-14 - - 3 2014-15 - -

ISSUES IN DEVELOPING FISHERIES : With respect to Implementation of existing scheme the major issues are listed below.  In promotion of fisheries in the impounded water due to the financial crises with the cooperatives , the cooperatives and individual fisherman suffers due to lack of capital investment. It is therefore essential to provide the capital investment by the government or such cooperatives be linked with the banks for financial support.  The cost construction offish rearing tank is about 2.00 lakh Rs/ Ha. The existing subsidy for the tank is only 20,000 Rs , the subsidy amount be raised to Rs. 50,000.  The fish seed tanks are with substantial silt, weeds and bushes. This leads to a considerable decline in the efficiency of the tank. A provision of Rs. 1,00,000 for a period of five years be provided for the agencies.  Most of the time the neighboring framers draws water from the tanks , this adversely affects the fish production. There should be some legal provisions to control the non judicious usage of water for agricultural purpose.  As the water spread are reduces during summer, in the exposed submergence area the fisherman be permitted for cultivation of water melon or similar crops which will be a source of additional income for them.  To enhance the quality and increase the fish production, the fisherman / cooperatives be provided with incentive of 20% subsidy for fertigation and feed concentrates.  As the district is in drought prone area, generally there is drought after every three years. Presently there is a provision of exemption for the cooperatives in the payment of royalties of the tank only once after five years in case there if there is drought. These needs to be changed, a mechanism of such exemption should be there during the drought. Based on the rainfall data and the physical verification by fisheries officials and Panchnama of the tank such exemption should be made.  The existing subsidy norms of the following items needs to be changed as below: i) For purchase of net the subsidy be raised from 25% to 50%, the upper limit should be 100 Kg for a cooperative. ii) For strengthening of cooperatives the existing support of 1000 Rs. towards managerial assistance be raised to Rs. 10,000 per cooperative. In case of providing the working capital the existing limit of Rs. 10,000 be raised to Rs. 30,000 per cooperative.

* To strengthen the Fisheries Development Agency , few major requirements are listed as under. a) Mobile laboratory: This will facilitate the cooperatives and individual fish producers in analising the soil, water and nutritional status of the water bodies. b) Training centre: This is to cater the need of the students as well as youth who want to initiate the fish production as a livelihood profession. c) There is need to involve the scholars who are doing higher studies / research in the currant / practical issues faced by the sector as well as the fisherman community in the district so that the need based research will help to solve the problems.

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C) PROPOSED PROGRAMME AND STRATEGIES Based on the analysis of the existing schemes and the projected targets of fisheries development in Osmanabad district. The following plan and programmes are proposed during XI th plan period.

1) Establishment of fish seed production farm. For inland fisheries, We require the seed of fast growing species and proper seed to increase the fish seed production, at present the only fish seed production unit is functional at Chandani . Here the quality fish seed is produced and being supplied to the fisheries co-op societies and private fish culturists as per the rate prescribed by the Government.

Fish seed production capacity of farm located at Chandani is only 20.00 lakhs per year. Because of this, it is not possible to sup ply the required fish seed to fisheries co-op societies of the district. To match the stocking capacity of water spread area available in the district two new seed production farms are proposed as detailed below. Table 5.18 Financial requirement to initiate fish seed production Approximate Sr. Remarks Item Required No Funds (lakhs) Construction of Chinese Hitchery/ Circular 1. Hatcher with 4 incubation Tanks, over Head 20.000 tanks/pipeline with electric motor etc; It is essential to Water circulating pipe pipe line through acquire 0.00 Ha, 2. chamber to stocking, rearing and necessary 5.00 ponds in form Suitable land for Construction/ Excavation of stocking /rearing constructing fish seed 3 and 5.00 production farm. The nursery ponds. 4. Bore well and electrification. 5.00 cost of this land is not 5. Construction of office building, Laboratory 5.00 included in the Staff quarters for Officer/ servants (staff) Class 6. 10.00 III & Class IV estimate. Total 50.00Lakhs 7. Fish seed production farm, Rui Tal. Osmanabad 50.00Lakhs

Total 100.00 Lakhs

2) Stocking of fish seed in impound water - Fish seed is stocked in newly constructed tanks which are suitable to under take fishery activities by supplying fish seed to fish culturists and efforts are being made to increase the fish production. During XII plan period the requirement of the district is presented in table given below.

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Table 5.19 INVESTMENT PLAN FOR STOCKING (RUPEES IN LAKHS)

Annual Budget expenditur e provisi Proposed outlay Ongoing scheme incurred on

during the (Rs,000 year-2014- ) 15 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 Establishment offish seed production 5.00 5.00 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 centre Stocking offish seed in impounded water - - 3.00 3.00 3.25 3.50 Fish Farmers Development Agency ------Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries 1.50 1.50 1.50 1.60 1.70 1.80 requisite. Strengthening of fisheries cooperative 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 Total of ongoing scheme 7.10 7.10 9.00 9.60 10.45 11.30

3) Assistance for Fishery Requisites' equipments : This scheme is designed to provide the essential equipment like the nylon/ twine, nets/boats etc. to be supplied to the members of fisheries co-op societies on 50% subsidy basis. The Nylon twine and Boats are supplied on 50% subsidy.

Table 5.20 Supply of fisheries requisite Particulars 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Number of fishermen engaged in fishing 3857 3900 3950 4000 4100 4200 Nylon net required (Kg) 2500 3000 3500 4000 4200 4500 Subsidized Nylon net supply (Kg) 1000 1000 1100 1150 1200 1250 Non-mechanized boat required (No.) ------Subsidized non-mechanized boat supply ------(No.) Engine boat Required (No.) ------

4. Development of fisheries co-operatives- It is necessary to improve the functioning of fisheries co-op societies by making them financially sound. However, for this purpose, the share capital and managerial subsidy being given to these societies it is limited to Rs.10000/- per society. This has to be increased to three times. Table 5.21 Financial requirement for Strengthening of Fisheries cooperatives

Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 4. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10, No. of Registered primary 150 150 151 152 153 fish co-operative Societies No. of fishermen members 5500 5500 5525 5550 5575 Society benefited by got. - - - - - share capital/N.C.D.C/bank

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5) Fish farmers Development Agency: In this scheme, the farmers are encouraged by providing subsidy to construct the tanks in their farm to under take fish culture as well as efforts are being made to bring the selected tanks under fish culture. Short-term training is also given to nearby by fisher man to become fish culturists through this agency 100 Ha of water spread area per year is developing to under take fisheries activities Table 5.22 Intensive fish farming in ponds /Tanks under Fish Farmers Development Agency (FFDA)

Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

Water spread area of existing pond (In - - - - - ha.) Constructed pond area (in ha.) - - - - - Repair/renovated pond area (in ha.) - - - - - Training (No .of trainees) - - - - - No. of Beneficiaries - - - - - Fish production rate per ha/annum - - - - - Rs in lakhas - - - - - 6) Manpower engaged in fisheries and infrastructure for fisheries It is necessary that due to the various efforts under this plan the manpower engaged in fisheries should be increased, in a way this is a way of diversification and minimizing the existing load of overpopulation by such efforts. The possible employment generation and families engaged in the fishery activity during the XII plan period is visualized in Table below.

Table 5.23 Possible employability in fisheries in Osmanabad district.

Sr. Item 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 No. 1 2. 4. 5. 6. 7 8 1 Fishermen population (No.) 5500 5500 5525 5550 5575 2 No. of active fishermen 3837 3837 3860 3880 4000 3 No. of fishermen in organized sector - - - - - No. of private aqua-culturist No of 4 - - - - - private fish seed producers No of fish traders, fish seed traders 5 110 120 130 140 150 wholesalers 6 No of trained fisherman 776 826 876 926 976 No of persons engaged in fisheries allied activities like input providers, 7 fisheries requisite supply 15 20 25 30 35 transportation, preservation, processing Marketing

7) Infrastructure facilities required to develop fisheries activity: To achieve the targeted growth in the fishery activity , there will be the need of market and storage infrastructure . The details of the infrastructural requirement is given in the table below.

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Table 5.24 Infrastructure Facilities required developing fisheries activity in Osmanabad district

Sr. Particulars 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 No.

1. No. offish landing/collection centers - - - - -

2. No. of Wholesale market - - 4 5 6 (capacity M.T../day) 3. No. of in/Market (capacity/, M.T/day) - - 5 5 5

4. No. of retailers / (capacity) - - - - - MT per/day)

5. No of ice factories/cold storage used - 1 - - - for fisheries (capacity /M.T/day) No. of Aqua shops providing - fish 6. seed fisheries requisites & other - - - - -

related goods (capacity-customer no.) 7. No. of Aqua lab (soil, water - - - - - testing) 8. No. of fisheries consultancies /service - - - - - providers

8) Investment plan for fisheries — A) Existing Schemes: To realise the targeted growth of 4% in the agricultural and allied sectors , the fisheries department has come up with the strategic intervention plan , the financial requirement of the same for the existing schemes is given in following table.

Table -5.25 Investment plan for ongoing schemes (Rs. in lakhs)

sr Ongoing scheme 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 No 1. Establishing fish seed production unit 5.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 2. Stocking offish seed in impounded - 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 water. 3. Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries 1.50 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 requisite. 4. Strengthening of fisheries cooperative 0.60 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 societies. 5. Fish Farmer Development Agency - 0.01 - - - 6. Total of Ongoing schemes 7.10 9.01 9.50 10.00 10.50

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B) New Schemes: As per the guidelines with respect to prepare an integrated development plan of Osmanabad district, the fisheries department is introducing new scheme so as to facilitate Reservoir Development, subsidy for mechanized craft, Establishment training center, subsidy offish preservation facilities is given in table below.

Table -5.26 Investment plan for new schemes for developing Infrastructure /Market facilities (Rs. in lakhs) Sr Ongoing scheme 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 No.

1. Reservoir Development - - - - -

2. Subsidy for mechanized craft - - - - - (Rs. 10,0007- each)

3. Establishment of Training - - - - - centre Subsidy on fish Preservation, 4. transport

A) Ice factory - - - - -

B) Cold storage

C) Transport Vehicle 5. Establishment of Aqua shops - - - - -

6. Total of New scheme - - - - -

Table 5.27 Proforma-I Stream I Departmentwise NEW Scheme Proposed Rs.in Lakhs Year Name of 2014- Total Sr.No. Scheme Proposed Department 15 2015-16 2016-17 Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Integrated fish Development Project through proper transport, Marketing 1 Fisheries facilities,Cold storage 171 180 190 541

Total:- 171 180 190 541

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5.7 SOCIAL FORESTRY: For environmental protection land under forests in a given region plays a vital role. In fact, by international standards 33% of the geographical area of a region has to be under forest cover. At the Maharashtra State level, the area under forest is about 17% of the total geographical area of the State. However, in Osmanabad district the land under forest is not even 1% of the total geographical area of the district. Hence, the importance of social forestry is very obvious in this district.

Table 5.28 Proforma-II

Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Rs.in Lakhs

Name of Scheme New/Ongoing Year wise programme Total department (Financial) 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Social Forestry 1 MREGS 545.5 545.5 545.5 1636.5 2 Campa 2.79 14.14 14.14 31.07 3 Central Nursery 0.83 9.38 9.38 19.59 4 Van Moahostav 0.31 9.38 9.38 19.07 5 IWMP 95.69 177.53 175.01 448.23 Total 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46

5. 8 : INNOVATIVE SCHEME : I SECTION : AGRO BASED RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (ORGANIZING ASSET - POOR - FARMERS FOR CRITICAL AGRO - SERVICES) Our focus, in this section of the chapter, is on organising the small and marginal farmers as well as the landless labourers in each village into one or more self-help- groups and helping them through good training and adequate credit to provide to all the farmers various services, which are critical to agricultural development. Those services will help to improve the productivity of all lands including their own small farms. The wages for the services rendered will improve the earnings of these asset poor farmers. The strategy is to upgrade tlieir skills, add to their meagre incomes and to improve their capabilities and self-confidence while rendering critically useful services to the village community. Because agriculture is in trouble, through this programme, we try to convert the perceived weakness of small non-viable farms into strength by transforming the asset-poor-farmers into viable service providers who would be simultaneously improving the viability of their own small farms through those services and other inputs.

This is an unique approach. It attempts to combine poverty reducing strategies with the strategies of raising agricultural production. This combination should mean a real constructive rural development revolution. The small farmer's groups, thus, helping rejuvenation of agriculture will have a significant socio economic impact in rural areas. The programme is

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 based on the assumption of the inherent goodness among the rural poor and the natural human instinct of helping each other.

The term "Farmer" is used here in a broad sense as defined in the National Policy for farmers 2007. It includes operational holders, tenants, agricultural labourers as well as those engaged in activities related to farming. It does include most members of the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other weaker communities.

The lands held by the small and marginal farmers are mostly degraded because they have not been deep ploughed for decades and on account of poverty, the farmers have never been able to apply any organic manures or fertilizers. The small farmers themselves have to work as agricultural labourers on other's farms and arc often unable to give any attention to their own crops. The small size of their holding is un-economic and non- viable and because of the high prices of fodder the small farmers can not even afford to keep a pair of bullocks.

Their small farming is always dependent on some one else's assistance and does not provide any significant support for subsistence. In short. 60% of the farmers are living at bare existence levels and 30% of all the lands hardly makes any contribution to the growth of agricultural production.

These asset poor or assets less farmers are naturally the most vulnerable section among the rural people. They are at or below the minimum levels of education, health, nutrition and well being. Principles of equity and social justice demand that an all out effort should be made to pull up these sections of the society to a level of well being at which they may live and work with dignity and contribute to the development of the society as a whole. We are proposing one way of doing it. It is easily adaptable to the socio- economic and agronomic conditions of each village.

ORGAINSATION:- i) Development and extension agencies of all government departments. Panchayat Raj Institutions, especially the district Rural Development Agency, as well as all Banks and NGO's would promote formation of self - help - groups of asset poor farmers in every village. Membership may be 15 - 20 and a village may have two or more SHG's. There would be a federation of SHG/S if there are four or more SHG's in any village.

ii) If the concerned members agree and desire an existing SHG may associate new members by enlarging its size as well as functions.

iii) A farmer who is not himself asset poor may be enrolled as a member of the SHG if he needs its services or if he wants to support the working of the SHG. He may be called a progressive farmer member. iv) SHGs should, between them, cover all asset poor or asset less farmers. No eligible farmer should be left out.

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Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 v) For distinguishing from the SHG's formed earlier for savings from the freshly formed SHG's the new units may be called SHG'PPFS. the first "P" symbolising the poor and the second "P' the progressive farmers. This may be done unless the financing institutions find it difficult to extend or apply their present liberal lending policies because of that new name, vi) The formation of SHG/PPFS should be completed in a mission mode. The plan should be to cover at least 10% villages in the first year, upto 25% in the second year, upto 45% in the 3ld year, upto 70% in the fourth year and one hundred percent villages in the fifth year. The coverage of asset poor or asset less farmers will also be simultaneously improved to 100% in the five years.

i) The District Rural Development Agency (DRDA) is eminently suited for undertaking the activity. It has been promoting SHG's, though mostly of women to mobilize savings. The DRDA itself has been formed by merging integrated rural Development Project ( 1RDP) and small and Marginal farmers and Agricultural Labourers Scheme ( SMF & AL). Moreover^it has an established organizational set up like the Governing Body, the Executive Committee, a Project Director, an office establishment and working relationships with Panchayat Samities, Banks and NGO's. Formation and activating SHG's of asset poor or asset less farmers is not any new or different programme for DRDA. It is an intensification of what it has been doing for years but with a purposive focus on the targeted groups and their creative activities and of course, on results. iv) Obviously, the annual target given to the DRDA is too small. It will take more than eighteen years to accomplish hundred percent coverage. The proposal now is to cover all (100%) asset poor and asset less farmers In the next five years. We propose that;

a. the annual target should be raised by four fold i.e. it should be 800 per annum or 100 SHG's per taluka per annum, b. DRDA's budget grant for payment of commission should be raised to 80 lakhs per annum, c. The grassroot workers from agricultural extension services should also promote these SHG's; and allowed to draw commissions paid as the Anganwadi Tars are. d. Assuming each asset poor or asset less family to send one member to the SHG, the total membership of SHG's in the district works out to 1.05 lakh. That makes overall target for training for various agro services and agro enterprises to cover 1.05 lakhs asset poor farmers in five years. With eight talukas in the district, the taluka wise target would come to 100 SHG's or 100 training classes of 25 each, e. We are presenting in para 5.08.10 below critical agro services which these SHG's may undertake and for which they are to be trained. Similarly a list of small enterprises which those groups may undertake on commercial scale is given below in para 5,08.11. f. Panchayat Samities should be assigned the responsibility of formation and acivisation of SHG's under the guidance and funding from DRDA. g. One Assistant Project officer far each block should be given to DRDA and two APO:s in DRDA's office exclusively for this work. DRDA should be 169

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 made responsible for organizing these poor groups in SHG's and for preparing them to function as providers of services and commodities so crucial for agricultural growth h. The KVK Osmanabad District should be given tasks of designing the course contents of the ; training and selecting , appointing and training of the trainers. i. A provision of Rs 10.000 should be made for each training camp of SHG members to cover booklets, demonstration materials and other expenses. Taluka seed farms should be the most suitable locations for training camps and demonstrations j. An abstract staffing and costing proposal as a project is presented in the appendix 5.08.A at end ofthis section.

Kinds of agro services to be rendered to own farms and to the other needy Farmers:- 1) assistance in ploughing, sowing and any other farming operations; 2) Assistance in procuring and applying agricultural inputs of purity, i.e. seed, seedlings, soil nutrients, fertilizers, organic manures pesticides. 3) Assistance in systematically collecting soil samples, taking them to soil testing labs, obtaining cards and advice on soil enrichment and assisting in applying that treatment. 4) Assistance in identifying crop diseases and in applying appropriate treatments. 5) Assistance in harvesting - produce and in primary processes of clearing, washing, grading, packaging, storage or marketing..

Kinds of micro- enterprises 1) Keeping tools. Implements, oil engines, pumps, sprayers, machinery, draft animals and other equipments for custom hiring or providing services with them; 2) Keeping stocks of seeds, seedlings fertilizers or pesticides of assured purity for sale to the farmers or to provide services by applying them. 3) Collection of milk and its transport to the collection centres. 4) Enterprises - activities on commercial lines. a. Composting village or urban area solid wastes b. Vermi- culture c. Nurseries d. Digging of wells e. Digging of farm- ponds f. Development of Waste lands g. Tractor ploughing or goods transport. h. Seri- culture or beekkeeping on their own holdings or those of the other farmers. i. Simple repairs or additions to rural houses j. Sulabh latrines, Gobar gas plants or other civil works for the panchayats k. Rearing livestock, poultry or goats l. Bio - DYNAMIC FARMING m. Any other activity useful to the village community.

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Notes:- i) Every SHG may not undertake all the above activities or enterprises; each farmer may not need all those services form SHG's. ii) SHG's may decide wage - rates for the work done by members or others, iii) Prices for the services should be fair, both to the providers and to the clients. There should be some mechanism or institution to arbitrate in case of conflicts, iv) There should be some arrangement through the banks for payment of wages and debiting the price of services to the accounts of clients availing of those services.

The SHG's would need working capital from very early stages of their activities. Banks have been supporting SHG's for such activities though on smaller scales. Several SHG's have even bought tractors and other machines with bank loans. Fresh initiatives both from State Government and Banks appear to be under process for further liberalization and lowering of interest rates. SHG's with BPL members or having sc/st members would be entitled to subsidies under various schemes. The state Government should pay special attention because Maharashtra is lagging behind in this new revolutionary system of Micro Finance, while States like Andhra Pradesh, TaniilNadu have made tremendous progress.

With increasing volume of micro-finance, several Bank offices appear themselves working under stress, because of shortages of staff. The proposed campaign would add much more work and the bank offices should be strengthened to meet it. The SHG's of the earlier generation were basically entities for savings and borrowings. But today, SHG's in many parts of the country and especially in the four southern states have taken up new roles and responsibilities. Their activities are now more related to the very core of the livelihood security of the poor. Those desirable roles have made the SHG's as institutions of social capital. The SHG movement has expanded in Andhra Pradesh spectacularly. 80 lakh women have been mobilized in just 15 years. 26% of the country's SHG's are in Andhra Pradesh and of the loans given by the banks to SHG's all over the country, 40% are in Andhra Pradesh. Thses loans constitute 6% of total rural credit of the country and 24% of total lending by RRB's and cooperatives. It may be noted that a little over half of the SHG's in Andhra Pradesh have been promoted by the State Government, less than a third by NGO's and the balance by Banks.Our proposal of organising asset poor farmers for rendering critical services and inputs fits in perfectly with both the objectives of poverty elimination and acceleration of agricultural growth and development. It would usher in a creative social revolution in the rural society.

5.9, AGRO AND FOOD PROCESSING UNITS IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT 1. INTRODUCTION : The diversity of climate and different types of soils enables cultivation of about 30-35 types of fruit crops, 20-30 types of vegetables and 15-20 types of flowers in Maharashtra. But hardly 1% of the horticulture produce is processed in the state. The major crops like Jawar, paddy, Bajary, Cotton, ground nut, Tur; and fruit crops like, Mango, Oranges, Grapes, Pomegranate, Banana, cashew nut, Custard Apple, Chikoo, Jamun, Bor etc. and vegetables like onion, tomato, brinjal, potato, cabbage and cauliflower are suitable for processing.

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Present fruit and vegetable processing capacity is about 1 lakh metric tone in the State. The capacity utilization of medium and large scale units in the State is about 70%. The main processing units in the State are in the sectors of sugar, Poultry, Rice mills, Floor Mills, Edible oil, Meat, Vanaspati, Fruit and vegetables and milk processing units.

2. GOVT. POLICY: The post harvest technology plays a crucial role in value addition to agriculture, and improves income and employment of the farming community. The Govt. has set – up National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management; loans to agro/food processing sector by banks are treated as priority sector lending.

The Maharashtra Agro – Industries Development Corporation Ltd. is the Nodal Agency in Maharashtra to implement schemes of the Ministry of Food Processing Industry (FPI).

The role of NABARD is also important; in addition to refinance it publishes several model schemes like mango pulp processing, milk processing, production of papain from papaya latex, etc; credit liked subsidy schemes are operated through NABARD, e.g. cold storage, onion godowns, rural godowns, production and post harvest management, strengthening agricultural marketing infrastructure, etc.

3) ASSESSMENT OF RAW MATERIAL BASE OF OSMANABAD DISTRICT: In the light of the proposed target of 4% growth rate for agricultural sector during the 12th plan period, (2012-17), the production levels as well as productivity of major crops in the district is likely increase. This will lead to further increase in surplus produce for establishing agro and food processing units in Osmanabad district. Let us now examine the present status of post – harvest agro-processing activities in Osmanabad district.

4) POST HARVEST AGRO-PROCESSING UNITS: PRESENT STATUS: i) According to the data available from the District Industrial Centre (DIC), Osmanabad, there are 69 permanent registered units engaged in food /agro processing, with an investment in plant and machinery to the tune of Rs. 611.72 lakhs and an installed capacity with Rs. 1818.56 lakhs; these units provided employment to 536 workers.

This existing position is quite insignificant when compared to the potential of the district.

ii) These agro-processing units in the district are engaged in the activities like, Raisin making, mini oil milling cum-cake making, chili powder, pikle and spice making, bio-tech organic fertilizers, ice candy, sugar confectionery, Jaggery production, Poha mills, mini-dal milling etc. There are 8 sugar mills, a few medium fertilizer units, and one or two cotton mills, which are facing numerous problems. Several household Khawa making units exist in Bhoom and Washi blocks of the district; one grape wine unit of small capacity has come up recently. iii) Osmanabad district is witnessing an increasing trend in soyabean production; at present about 31000 metric tones of surplus Soyabean is available for further processing and value addition. But no such units are established at present.

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Although the area under pulses like, Tur, Udad, Gram is quite appreciable, there are only 5 dal mills in the district; of which one is closed. Thirdly, the climate of the district is very conducive for the development of horticulture crops, like Mango, Pomegranate, and Grapes in particular. The grape production of table and wine varieties has increased substantially during the last two years in Osmanabad, Tuljapur, Omerga and Bhoom talukas. There is a big potential for expansion in this area. ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL TAKING INFO ACCOUNT AVAILABLE INFRA – STRUCTURE: Taking into account the availability of infra-structure facilities and also the national priorities, the realizable potential for the district for the year 2014-15, is estimated by the PLP Osmanabad district, as shown in the following table 5.29 Table -5.29 Projections regarding Agro-Based Units by NABARD PLP Plan (as per latest year) Commodity Activity Unit cost Physical no.of Financial Bank loan group units Outlay (75% or 90% of FO) Agro based food Rice mll NA grains Dal Mil 10 70 No. 700 525 Oil mill 15 27 No. 405 304 Animal feed 0.1 370 No. 37 33.3 Solvent NA Extraction Plant Papad, Noodals, NA etc. Sugar Gur NA derivatives Khandsari NA Turmeric and NA chilly powder Medical and 1141.65 2.15 590 No. 1268.5 Aromatic plants (90%) Fruits Mango 1.28 1650 No. 2122.56 1900 Guava 0.33 25 No. 8.25 7.43 Mosambi 1.4 90 No. 126 113.4 Sapota 1.13 160 No. 180.8 162.72 Custard Apple 1.04 140 No. 145.6 131.04 pomogranate 2 1010 No. 2020 1818 Grapes 4.3 1500 No. 6450 5805 Spices NA Total *NA : Readily Not available 173

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5.10 DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL INDUSTRIES : SCOPE FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES (OSMANABAD) We have pointed out in the earlier section that there is a large surplus of various crop produce for value addition through agro-based industries. Considering the 4% targeted growth rate set for agricultural production during the XI plan (2007-2012), the production levels as well as surpluses available for agro-based industries are likely to increase considerably. Hence, there is good scope for the development of agro-based industries in Osmanabad district during the XI plan period.

1) Jawar : Jawar is one of the major crops of Osmanabad district (Kharip and Rabi). The present surplus available for processing is 42000 MTs. There is a big scope or opportunity for processing Jawar for the production of glucose, starch, malt beer, alcohol/ethanol, which is a raw material for liquor industry, basic chemical industry (i.e. for producing ether, acetone, ethylene di-oxide, chloroform) and which is utilized for production of rubber, synthetic fiber, drugs, insecticides, etc. Ethanol is the main ingredient for production of petroleum and petro-products. Jawar is considered as one of the best and easily available raw materials in the district for production of industrial ethanol. It is reported that M/S Deccan Zenia Agro Tech India Ltd. has begun the construction of its ethanol unit in Osmanabad block. This project is likely to be completed within 20 months providing employment to 250 persons. The company has planned to process Jawar from Osmanabad, Latur and Solapur districts. The State Govt. has declared its policy to offer a subsidy of Rs. 10 per liter of manufactured alcohol.

2) Sugar Cane: At present there are six sugar mills in the district providing employment to 2603 persons. These sugar mills provide biogases, which can be utilized for power generation, manufacture of particle boards, paper, etc. The molasses can be used for the production of industrial alcohol, acetone, ethyl acetate, and ester, which is the basic raw material for chemical industries.

There are about 100 un-registered jaggery units using sugar cane. This number can be increased.

3) Soyabean: The area under Soyabean in the district is showing an increasing trend, which is now fetching better price. The surplus production of Soyabean in the district to-day is about 31000 MTs, which is available for processing. But, as of to-day, there is no unit existing making use of Soyabean for value addition. Hence, there is a vast scope for setting up units for processing Soyabean. There are number of products based on Soyabean like, milk, oil, cakes, etc. Its importance in human and animal diet due to its high protein contents and more oil contents is well recognized. It has a great medicinal value due to low carbohydrates and high percentage of unsaturated fats in maintaining cholesteral level and preventing heart diseases.

4) Dal Mills or Pulses : There is a wide scope for the establishment of dal mills with 10 to 15MT capacity per day. For this purpose, modern technology including SORTEX may be employed to manufacture high quality dals. For increasing the no. of dal mills, there is need to create awareness, knowledge and entrepreneurship among the farming community, and educated unemployed in the district.

5) Horticulture Crops: there is a good scope in Osmanabad district for fruit processing manufacture of mango pulp/jams etc of Kesar mango which has an area of about 9000 ha, under the 174

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EGS linked P-H. Scheme. There are cultivators in Washi, Osmanabad Tuljapur and Omerga blocks who are growing quality mango produce. It is reported that Kesar Mango is being exported to some Western countries and Japan. This may lead to rising levels of incomes of the Mango growers in Osmanabad district

Local variety of Mangoes can be utilized for setting up pickle, pulp and juice manufacturing units.

SCOPE IN ALLIED SECTORS – DAIRY/GOATERY: i) Osmanabadi goat is famous for its quality meat. There is large number of quality goats in the district which provide scope for the development of “Meat Complex” and packaged meat supply industries. They also provide scope for hide business/tanneries and manufacture of leather which has a good export market.

ii) There are good dairy activities in Bhoom, Paranda and Kallm blocks of the district. Khawa and Pedha making business are already flourishing in areas like Bhoom, Kunthalgiri and Saramkundi etc. These activities need to be developed in more integrated manner. A cluster approach with necessary marketing support may create sufficient employment and income to the rural population. Banks should also extend necessary support.

PRESENT POSITION OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS, MARKETING ETC. OSMANABAD The Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) provides basic infra – structure facilities by establishing industrial estates and providing water, electricity, common facility centers, establishing growth centres, mini industrial areas, etc. There are at present 4 MIDC areas in Osmanabad district; of these only one at Osmanabad is developed while the remaining three at Omerga, Bhoom and Kalamb, are yet to be developed properly.

In Osmanabad, out of 194 plots, 185 plots are allotted; but, the number of units functioning is only 65. Apart from these, 11 units in Tamalwadi, and 13 units in Pargaon Industrial Area, are operational.

There is an urgent need to develop the proposed industrial estates at Omerga, Bhoom and Kalamb; which are pending in completion due to delays in work relating to acquisition of land, water supply and electric connections, etc.

LIMITATIONS: There appear to be several factors which are inhibiting the industrial development of Osmanabad districts they are : - i) Entrepreneurial abilities & risk bearing. ii) Development of skills among workers and unemployed. iii) Lack of capital. iv) Exposure to outside world. v) Limited urbanization.

Due to these limitations, there is hardly any large-scale industry, or Multi-National Corporation operating in the district. Therefore, to stimulate industrial development of Osmanabad District, the above mentioned factors which are obstacles to the industrial development of the district will have to be answered and removed. 175

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Marketing : There are at present seven Agricultural Produce Marketing Committees (APMCs) in the district, at block level; and a few sub-markets also. There are big commercial centres like Latur, Solapur and Barshi, which are surrounding the district, with a good rail and road network. But the marketing structure in Osmanabad district is not well developed, and has hardly any impact on matters of networking of production for marketing or post harvest handling processing.

Suggested Action Plan: To give an impetus to the industrial development of Osmanabad district, the following medium term action plan is suggested.

1) The proposed industrial estates at Omerga, Bhoom and Kalamb should be developed with urgency, with all necessary infra-structure.

2) A proposal to set-up a Food Park at Osmanabad is pending before the State Govt. This proposal should be cleared as early as possible, which may enable developing basic infrastructure like cold storage, laboratory, Mother Unit of FPI through the schemes of Ministry of FPI of the Central Govt.

3) For an industrially (and also agriculturally) backward district like Osmanabad, there is a need for making special budgetary provisions by the State/Central Govt.

ROLE OF THE LEAD BANK, DIST. OSMANABAD : INTRODUCTION: Lead Banks play a major role in providing credit to various sectors of the District Economy. State Bank of India is the Lead Bank for Osmanabad district. Other Banks operating in the district extending credit facilities are as follows:

i) State Bank of Hyderabad ii) Bank of Maharashtra iii) Allahabad Bank iv) Canara Bank v) Union Bank of India vi) Maharashtra Gramin Bank vii) Osmanabad District Central cooperative Bank.

The lead Bank prepares Annual credit plan for Osmanabad district every year. The credit plan is generally prepared for three sectors of the district Economy, i.e. – i) Agriculture ii) Industry and iii) Services, sectors.

Various Govt. sponsored schemes are also included in the credit plan i.e. PMRY; SGSY, KVIB, etc.

PERFORMANCE OF LEAD BANK IN OSMANABAD DISTRICT: The performance of the lead bank under annual credit plan for the last three years, is presented in following table (2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13)

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Table-5.30 Annual Action Plan Targets and Achievements (Rs. Lakhs) Sr. 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 No. Target Achiev. % Target Achiev. % Target Achiev. % 1 Comm. 27265 25466 93 29909 43360 145 44311 40464 91 banks 2 RRB 16920 3558 21 21185 4821 23 10045 8126 84 3 DCCB 37714 22330 59 63556 28321 44 81565 42869 52 Total 81899 51354 63 114650 76502 67 135921 91759 68

Table No. 5.31 Agriculture Debt Waiver and Debt Relief Scheme (Latest Year) District (Rs. Lakhs) Sr. No. Name of Waiver Relief Total Amount Bank No. of Amount No. of Amount No. of Amount Accts Accts Accts 1 Comm. Banks 2 DCCB 3 RRB (a) - NIL - 4 LDB 5 Urban Co-op. Bank Total

Table No. 5.32 Position of Kisan Credit Cards Scheme in District (Rs. Lakhs) Sr. No. Particulars 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 No Amount No Amount No Amount 1 NDCCB 29730 21981 31541 27984 38396 42866 2 MGB 8500 2492 10514 3411 3353 7829 3 Comm. 12530 4761 14843 14689 22936 29377 Banks Total 50760 29234 56898 46084 64685 80072

It is obvious from this table, that during the year, 2010-11, the bank could achieve its target up to 63% at the district level; but during the years 2011-12 and 2012-13, the percentage achievement of targets has little more to 67% and 68% respectively.

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CHAPTER VI DISTRICT PLAN – OSMANABAD

6.1 INTRODUCTION : We are presenting in this chapter a detailed District Plan of Osmanabad, for the XII plan (2012-17). It includes important growth drivers, innovative schemes, and budgetary provisions for the XI plan, to achieve the targeted growth rate. This also contains the necessary requirement of inputs such as improved seeds, fertilizers, pest-control measures. Projects are also included on improved water management, specifically, use of drip/sprinkler irrigation. Watershed management & soil health. Training and technology transfer facilitating farmers knowledge, have been projected. Some of the innovative schemes have been suggested.

6.2 SECTORAL / REGIONAL GROWTH DRIVERS OF THE DISTRICTS: Out of the several proposals made in the C DAP, we are highlighting a few below, which, in over opinion, set the direction of development and on which the success of the C -DAP depends.

(i) The massive program of watershed development combined with the expansion of soil testing facilities and supported by inputs for soil health enhancement is the key driving force for the sustained growth and long term development of agriculture in the district. All the small and marginal holdings which are degraded for want of inputs and will be covered by these two very positive aspects of soil conservation and soil health enhancement. Combined with other inputs and improvements, one third of all the cultivated area which has not been making any positive contribution to production will come back in the production stream.

(ii) Diligent water Resources Management: The huge watershed development programme proposed in the C DAP will augment ground water availability substantially. Its diligent use through old and new wells fitted with micro irrigation systems will double the irrigated areas, enable growing of high value crops including horticulture and raise their productivities. Thousands of farm ponds will provide irrigation for at least one more crop and improve the viability of presently nonviable farms. Better maintenance and management of the canal systems of the existing projects will add large areas under irrigation.

(iii) Empowerment of Asset less Poor farmers The proposed empowerment will, i) Help rejuvenation of agriculture in the village through the good services provided by the SHG/S;

ii) Help rejuvenate their own presently non-viable farms through their own good services and input;

iii) Lift the more than 60% of the total farmer families from their BPL marginal living to a self employed, wage earning and dignified status of well being.

The proposed empowerment will make a quiet but, fully constructive socio- economic revolution. iv) Improving productivities of all the crops through better practices and inputs will be 178

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 another driving force for growth. Raising the areas under higher value crops will raise incomes of the farmers. There should be an all-round effort to fill in all productivity gaps. v) Effective extension and intensive training of farmers are two key elements of CDAP. The whole process of dissemination of modern technology and acceleration of growth of agricultural production depends on how we conduct these two drivers i.e. direction setting activities. vi) Peoples participation:

The C DAP will be directly approved by the DPC or DPDC. Several of the elements like training, organizing, or monitoring are the responsibility of people’s representative bodies like, Panchayat Samities or GPs or NGO/s like ATMA, KVK etc.

Agriculture itself and several supporting activities are in the private sector. This should mean that the process will not be much burdened by official inertia or indifference. The reward being their own district’s development and well being of the people, we do hope that everyone concerned would do his best and make the CDAP a success.

I) INNOVATIVE SCHEME : (A) ORGANISING ASSET POOR FARMERS INTO SHGS: A major weakness is the skewed land holding or land ownership in the district and operating holdings of less than 2 ha together holding 30% of cultivated area. Most of these small holdings are meaning that they consist of more than one piece of land scattered or located away each other. Those holdings are un-economic and non-viable. The owners do not afford to keep even a pair of bullocks. Their cultivation is indifferent. The lands receive desired village rarely and do not at all get any manures or fertilizers for soil health, As a result their soils have gone on degrading and their productivities are very low. Thus, 30% of the cultivated area is not contributing in the process of agricultural growth and 60% of the ' holders are living a low level of bare existence.

We have proposed an innovative scheme (see section 5.Sin chapter 5) to organize these asset poor and asset less farmers in Self Help Groups and to train and help them undertake agro-services and small agro- producing enterprises which are critical for rejuvenating the whole system of agriculture of the village. In the process the members of these SHGs will also be enabled to bring their own holdings back to viability and with additional employment and earnings get out of the poverty trap.

6.3 INNOVATIVE SCHEME - II) COST AND PRICES OF MAJOR CROPS AND THE PROBLEM OF REMUNERATIVE PRICES: ADOPTION OF NEW TECHNOLOGY: i) Fluctuations in market prices of agricultural produce is the major cause of fluctuations in the levels of incomes of the farmers. As long as the market prices of agriculture produce are higher than the Minimum support Prices (MSP) declared by the Govt; there is no problem of pricing. But if the market prices collapse due to excessive production or other reasons, the farmers have to be helped through remunerative minimum viable support prices of the Govt.

The XI plan document prepared by the Maharashtra State Planning Board has stated that, “ Prices of agricultural produce should be based on the cost production and the proportion of rural credit should be enhanced taking into account the actual cost of cultivation of the produce.

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Table 6.1 Comparative Per Hectare Cost (A) and Gross Income by Crop Cutting Survey (CCS) and Through Adoption of Marathwada Agriculture University Technology

MAU Diff. in CCS Differenc Yield Sr. Tech. Yield yield Crop Cost-A e in cost P/ha no. P/ha P/ha CCA P/ha Rs. Rs. MAU cost Rs. Qnt. 1 Soyabean 13568 12.00 30.0 18.00 19507 5939 Cost P/Q 1130 (16948) (53300) (250) 2 Kh. Gr.Nut 13380 8.67 18.0 9.33 17925 4545 Cost P/Q 1543 (16565) (41700) (48) 3 Sunflower 11146 6.99 20.0 13.00 16303 5157 Cost P/Q 1594 (13176) (40400) (286) 4 Sesamum 6637 3.53 6.00 2.47 12380 5743 Cost P/Q 1880 (11363) (18100) (170) 5 Safflower 10533 6.66 10.0 3.54 12780 2247 Cost P/Q 1581 (11819) (20200) (150) 6 Sugarcane 46102 583.83 1400 816.17 Adsali 63815 17713 79 (51425) (119000) (240) Cost P/Q 7 Cotton 34970 27294 - 10.99 - - Cost P/Q 8 Bajra 10116 13.79 35.00 21.21 13700 3584 Cost P/Q 734 (11744) (37500) (254) 9 Maize 10825 23.60 50.0 26.40 22975 12150 Cost P/Q 459 (19600) (50500) (212) 10 Wheat 16578 17.49 40.0 22.51 27270 10692 Cost P/Q 948 (18735) (46500) (229) 11 Tur 13181 8.63 15.0 6.37 17245 4064 Cost P/Q 1527 (17930) (33800) (174) 12 Rabi Jowar 9708 9.26 25.0 15.74 14900 5192 Cost P/Q 1048 (12245) (31000) (270) 13 Mug 8227 4.47 12.0 7.53 14015 5927 Cost P/Q 1840 (12736) (25680) (268) 14 Udid 8288 4.82 12.0 7.18 14215 6555 Cost P/Q 1720 (15715) (24480) (249) 15 Gram 11425 6.77 25.0 18.23 17980 - Cost P/Q 1766 (13913) (55300) (369) 16 Kh. Jowar 10417 15.16 50.0 34.84 16120 - Cost P/Q 687 (12227) (47000) (330)

Figures in bracket are gross return per hectare.

Adoption of New Technology and Raising Productivity of Crops: To make the cultivation of crops remunerative in a backward region like Marathwada, adoption of new technology by the farming community is the only solution. For adoption of new technology however enhanced amount of investment (credit) has to be supplied by the banking sector (see table 6.1) Table 6.1 shows the cost – A per hectare by adopting existing practices, while col.2, shows cost of cultivation per hectare if Marathwada Agriculture University Technology is adopted by the farmers. The productivity, per hectare increase between 150% to 330 % in various crops. But it also requires addition investment as shown in the table 6.1 180

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Hence, it is suggested that to make farming profitable in a backward area like Parbhani and other districts, adoption of new technology on mass scale is the solution to get through vicious circle of low productivity and low level of incomes.

I) FINANCING THE NEW TECHNOLOGY: For meeting the additional cost of cultivation due to adoption of new technology by the cultivators, Financial Inclusion Technology Fund has been created with a corpus of Rs. 500 crore, with initial contribution by Central Govt ; RBI; and NABARD. The State Govt. may take advantage of this fund, to enhance the productivity of crops in agriculturally backward district in the State. (see PLP2008-09 Beed District, NABARD, P117)

II) The Study Group on Farmers’ Indebtedness, appointed by the Govt. of India (July 2007) (Radhakrishna Committee) has identified” 100 agriculturally less developed and distressed districts” in the country of which 11 districts are from Maharashtra State (Osmanabad and Nanded from Marathwada). The Committee has recommend an amount of Rs. 10000 crore for agricultural development of these districts. If this recommendation is accepted by the Central Govt.; the State Govt. may receive some funds for these less developed districts.

6.4 VISION: Our vision of the distract is that in the next ten years i) It should be doubling its production from agriculture and allied activities;

ii) it should have — — a) Modern physical infrastructure; b) Modern social and institutional infrastructure; c) Healthy and sustainable environment; and d) Full employment; and

iii) It should be free of _ a) Poverty; b) Illiteracy and ignorance; c) Social disparities; and d) Gender disparities,

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The reforms and strengthening of the implementation agencies in the district are of crucial importance. The best policies and programmes fail because of poor governance and shortcomings in implementation. An innovative re-orgainsation to provide missing coordination links within the different wings and departments involved with implementation is absolutely necessary.lt is also imperative to set up reasonable working relationships with Pnchayat Raj Bodies, NGO's and Public Private Partnerships,. If the government is serious about transformation of rural economy and rural society through massive programmes like RKVY it must take early steps to provide for a strong inspired implementing agency to lead that 411 movement in the district and to get results.

This C-DAP has recommended several strategies for various sub-sectors to overcome thereasons of backwardness and to accomplish the vision stated in para 2.3.1 above. Details like rationale behind them, action plans with physical targets, financial requirements and outcomes, and implementing schedules will be found in the related chapters. Action plans have been formulated so that their implementation will make a grate impact on the agricultural growth and development of the district. It is worthwhile to emphasize that every element of action plan under each strategy positively contributes to the desired results. Most elements will be simultaneously in operation and will have additive effects on outcomes of each other. That add-on effect would lead to still higher growth.

PROFILE OF A PROJECT

1) Title : Agro based Rural Development

2) Nature of activity (Programme) : Organising asset poor farmers in Self Help Groups and training them for critical agro services.

3) Operational Area : All blocks in the district

4) Operation target (units) : 4000 SHGs

5) Cost per unit : 20,000

6) Total cost of the project : 800 lakhs

7) Spread of the programme : during 5 years – operational and costs

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Sr. Taluka/Year 1 2 3 4 5 Total No. 1 Taluka - Osmanabad Units 100 100 100 100 100 500

Cost (lakh) 20 20 20 20 20 100 Taluka – Tuljapur 2 Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 Taluka – Omarga

3 Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 Taluka – Lohara 4 Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 Taluka - Bhoom 5 Units 100 100 100 100 100 500

Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 6 Taluka – Paranda Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 7 Taluka - Kallam Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 8 Taluka – Washi Unit 100 100 100 100 100 500 Cost 20 20 20 20 20 100 District Total Unit 800 800 800 800 800 4000 Cost 160 160 160 160 160 800

8) Executing Agency District Rural Development Agency DRDA

9) Monitoring Agency ATMA

10) Out comes 100% of Asset poor and asset less farmers to be

covered and empowered

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11) Funding Proposals –

Sr. Name of Budget Head Year Total No. or Scheme 1 2 3 4 5 1

10 District Total

6.5 IMPROVED TECHNOLOGY DISSEMINATION CO-ORDINATION OF TEACHING, RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INSTITUTIONS

RATIONALE: People's aspiration about agricultural development in the district is improving the economic viability of farming and enhancing the livelihood security. Increasing the net income of the fanner is only possible by enhancing the productivity, profitability and stability of overall agricultural production on sustained basis. The National Agriculture Policy 2000, National Farmers Commission 2006 and IIth five year plan approach paper 2007 targeted 4% growth in agriculture and allied sector. As more than 70% of the population derives its livelihood from agriculture and allied sectors and the solution to eradicate poverty lies in the development and growth of this important sector of economy, National Development Council (NDC) 2007, reaffirmed to achieve 4 per cent annual growth in agricultural sector during the 11th plan, NDC has directed the state Govts to formulate comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) for the holistic development of agriculture and allied sectors in the district to ensure that farming becomes more viable and economic conditions of farmers especially that of the small and marginal segment, is improved on a sustainable basis.

There is huge knowledge deficit in agriculture and allied sectors. Agricultural extension and support services system therefore, have to plav a key role in effective dissemination and use of available improved agricultural technology. Infact, credible and quality extension services would be one of the major drivers for high and inclusive growth in agriculture and allied sector. The accepted frame work of Agricultural extension system at district level for technology delivery and dissemination is presented in Fig- 1. It consists of network of Institutions and groups which includes Zonal Agri. Res. Stations (ZARS)/ : Sub-Res. Stations, K.VK, Line departments, private and non-Govt. (NG's orgamza"ons and farmers groups (FiGs., SHGs) and individuals. The district extension network must develop partnership, complementary" and synergy among them TO bring in the continuity of various supplies arid services and market on one side and technology development, delivery and dissemination on the other side. In 184

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 this Basic District Level Interactive Extension Model (BDIEM), Agri. Technology Management Agency ATMA assumes utmost position in designing appropriate mechanisms and linkages basically required in the extension system at district, block and village level for technology transfer with functional process interventions.

In order to facilitate the effective functioning of ATMA, following action points are suggested.

SUGGESTED ACTION POINTS • Organizational arrangement and operational modalities at district, block and village (field) level need to be properly strengthened to create integrated (single window) extension system.

• ATMA should strive hard for greater coordination among different players for effective implementation of extension Programmes,

• Orientation, sensitization and capacity building of extension functionaries of key line departments, public/private organizations and farmer's interest/self help groups need to be tailor-made for effective functioning of various arms of ATMA like AMC, FIAC, BTT, FAC etc.

Members of village Panchayat, village level farmers groups, commodity groups, village level role model farmers be trained and involved in preparing block level extension plan and its implementation.

• Project-Director, ATMA be an independent senior officer of the rank of joint director of Agriculture to effectively lead and co-ordinate a multi- disciplinary team of senior officers from various key line departments as members of AMC, • Office incharge (OIC) at block level to provide effective administrative supervision under the auspices of FIAC to be of the rank of Deputy Director of Agriculture.

• It is proposed to delink input supply arrangements, seed and soil testing etc from the primary responsibility of providing extension services.

• Public investment through ATMA need to enhance for training and capacity building of grass root level partners in public/private extension system.

• District and block level officials of key line department should regularly and judiciously participate in SAC of KVK and ZREAC of SAU for better interface.

• ATMA should strive hard in converging all the extension efforts and pooling all resources, infrastructure and expertise available at various institutions, in the district network to develop real time integrated farming system model of extension service delivery to bring breakthrough in development and growth of agriculture and allied sector.

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KVK As technology hub and light house of the district for farmers, KVK must act as link between technology generation system of the ZRS/SAU and extension system in the district.  KVK must strive hard for continuous flow of knowledge, techniques and technologies of research institutes and SAU to various stakeholders in the district extension system and researchable feed backs from extension system to ZRS/SAU to minimize the time lag between generation of technology and its awareness and adoption.

 KVK must regularly participate in GB and AMC meetings of ATMA and monthly district workshops and ZREAC conducted by the ZRS/SAU.

 KVK must plan and implement their programmes as per the needs of district based on the SREP.

 KVK should facilitate capacity building of various extension functionaries of the district both public and private /NGOS through need based effective trainings.

 The context and methodology of trainings and the trainers and trainees must be periodically evaluated for suitable modifications to ensure effective training programmes.

 KVK should bestow their attention for developing and maintaining model demonstration farms /units, effective conduct of OFTs and FLD's by involving all line departments, NGO's etc for large scale dissemination and adoption of improved technologies.

 Being a specialized institution at the district level, the KVK has to serve as a Light house for farmers who look forward for something new, something novel and something innovative to add value to their agriculture in meeting aspirations.

ZRS/SAU  District Extension Education centers with a team of subject matter specialists be established by the SAU with necessary infrastructure for specialized Training and capacity building of District Extension staff and farmers/change agents and diagnostic and farm advisory services.

 Mobile crop/soil health clinics be established for diagnostic team visits for on spoit solution to the problems of the farmers.

6.6 IMPLEMENTING C-DAP I RAISING PRODUCTIVITY AND PRODUCTION : The first key objective of CDAP is raising productivity and production of all crops and all other allied activities of every farmer by adopting modern farming technologies and best practices. Eight critical areas and objectives for accomplishing this objective are as follows:- i) A network of blockwise soil testing laboratories with an upgraded district H.Q. laboratory along with setting up, through the SHGs of asset poor and asset less farmers, local agro-services for drawing soil samples, reaching these to the laboratories , getting scientific advice (cards) for the 186

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farmers and helping them in buying and putting the advised inputs for preservation or enrichment of their soils. ii) Increasing use of modernized tools, implements and farm machines iii) Increasing areas of high value crops including rainfed or irrigated horticulture. iv) Adoption of best practices, modern technologies and inputs for raising productivity of all crops and allied activities motivated and supported by a caring and technologically competent extension agency. v) Intensive effort on training of farmers and demonstrations preceded by equally intensive effort on training and technological upgradation of trainers and all extension workers. vi) Each farmer or each farm should have at least one dug well or a farm pond with micro irrigation system installed for optimally using his rainwater or ground water resources. vii) Local sector has to develop new M.I. Schemes, do good repairs and maintenance of the existing M.I. Schemes and restore those in disrepair so that huge investments made in the past are brought back to gainful use. viii) Ensuring adequate and timely suppliles of pure quality seeds, fertilizers, pesticides and other inputs.

The State Agriculture department and the Zilla Parishad have been traditionally engaged in all the activities described above though without outstanding results. They are, however, the most appropriate agencies to lift up all those activities to a higher pitch needed to accomplish the first key objective. Their extension wings need to be strengthened so that they carry out the mission more vigorously and get results.

II. SHGS OF ASSET POOR AND ASSETLESS FARMERS: The second key objective is to promote self help groups (SHGs) of asset poor and assetless farmers and with training, and promotional and motivational support as well as financial back up to empower them to transform themselves as providers of critically useful agroservices to the village community and thus contribute to the rejuvenation of agriculture of the village including their own presently non-viable farms.

The DRDA has been promoting SHGs for some years now thought mostly of women. It has been set up to implement antipoverty schemes. DRDA is, therefore, the most appropriate agency for promoting SHGs of asset poor and assetless farmers, their training and initiation of several possible agro services and micro-enterprises through those SHGs with the object of bringing those poor farmers out of poverty. DRDA has to do that promotional activity more vigorously and in a result oriented manner. DRDA has to be suitably strengthened for that purpose.

III. ASSOCIATION FOR PROGRESSIVE FORMING : The third key objective is the promotion and formation of an Association For Progressive Farming (AFPF) separately for each block with village-wise branches and a district-wise federation. These associations will constitute the peoples’ participatory compliment to the CDAP mission. It has a great potential of future development and should be supported and encouraged to gradually take over and run the CDAP mission as its own enterprise.

When the Association gets a clear sense of its purpose and the prospect of lifting up the agriculture economy of the district to higher and higher levels, the individual progressive farmers and 187

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17 other social workers will be willingly making important contributions. When they feel that they can improve the society in which they are living through their participation through the Association For Progressive Farming, they will certainly bring vigor and enthusiasm to their roles and get positive results. The AFPF, therefore has a tremendous potential of mobilizing people’s energies for growth and development.

On the lines of public private partnership, the AFPF may, in future be taking up watershed development projects, composting projects for utilizing solid waste and sweepings of cities, towns and bigger villages, setting up soil testing laboratories and/ or operating them, organizing viable network of agro-processing units and endless number of other creative activities for supporting and caring for the farmers in general and the poor among them in particular.

The AFPF is not envisaged as a mass organization with thousands of members. At the block level it is envisaged as an NGO or voluntary organization with a band of about fifty active, committed and progressive farmers with orientation to science and social service.

At the village level about ten progressive farmers inclined to social causes would do. Their commitments to the CDAP cause will get firmed up through the work they do and the potential they would find.

The AFPF should be developed based on local perceptions of rural development and talents available. The promoters should, however, keep the successful models of Jazira of SUDAN, vicos of Peru, comila of Bangladesh and particularly the Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction (JCRR) of Taiwan and their numerous present day successor NGOs working in India and all over the world.

The promotional work may have to be done mainly by the department of Agriculture and specially by the Senior Officers in the district. The Collector and ATMA should take initiatives, assemble well known Social Workers in the district and build up the blockwise associations to a working status in the first three months. Names better approved locally than AFPF may be allowed. A sort of competition should be encouraged for work and results among the various blockwise associations. Best work should be suitably recognized and rewarded by the government year after year.

The department of agriculture and/or ATMA may have to provide funds to the AFPFs for their initial steps until they build up their own resources through membership fees, donations or works. Institutional Membership of AFPFs should be open to large co-operative ventures, societies, market committee’s, banks, NGOs/V.Os and local bodies.

IV STRENGTHENING OF THE EXISTING ORGANIZATION STRUCTURES: In our opinion ATMA presently chaired by the Collector of the district should be designated as the Chief Authority for implementing the CDAP. It is necessary to provide adequate support to the Collector so that ATMA functions effectively. We propose;

1) A senior S.A.O. (full time) as Secretary and Executive Officer of ATMA; 2) A Senior B.D.O. (full time) to secure co-ordination with Panchayat Raj Institutions; promotional work of AFPFs

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3) A publicity Officer to continuously work with the media for the CDAP mission and organizing educative programmes, conferences, workshops etc. preparing write up and publicity material 4) Customary staffing assistance to the above three officers. A block annual grant of 10 lakhs for promotional work/rewards etc. 5) A vehicle (like a jeep) for the officers touring in rural areas.

ZILLA PARISHAD: 1 - One Senior BDO to work as addl. Dy. CEO to build up vigorous activities at the Z.P. Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayat levels in support of C-DAP programmes and specially those of development of M.I. schemes and assured adequate and timely supplies of pure quality inputs like seeds, fertilizers, pesticides etc.

DRDA ; i) Two Assistant Project Officers in the office of Project Director for the work of promoting SHGs of asset poor and assetless farmers and setting them to designed agro services and micro-agro enterprises. ii) One additional APO for each block to assist the work of SHGs of poor farmers. iii) Customary staffing assistance to the new APO/s.

PANCHAYAT SAMITIES: Block level agricultural officer extensions should be of at least class II rank.

AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT: Strengthening of the department of Agriculture is inevitable. It is tern that it already has a huge staff in the district. But restructuring to keep in tune with improving technologies, growing awareness among the farmers and developing Panchayat raj institutions is necessary. All agricultural production and activities to be promoted or motivated are is private sector. Extraordinary skills of communication are required to be effective in this situation. The farmers in general have, nowadays, exposure to both print and electronic media extension programmes for them need to be redesigned now both for larger technological content and an inspiring motivational appeal.

In the meantime, the department itself seems to be deliberating upon restructuring proposals. Without any reference to those matters, we are proposing following measures of strengthening required for effective implementation of CDAP.

i) A new full time Senior SAO as Secretary and CEO of ATMA ii) a) All Taluka level Agricultural officers should be in class I and designated as Deputy Directors. b) Each Dy. Director would also be working as ex-officio Secretary and Executive officer of the proposed Association for progressive farming. C) Each Deputy Director should be provided a jeep and a driver. iii) Each Agricultural Polyclinic should have an Agriculture Officer in class II to be in charge. New polyclinics should be opened for new talukas which do not have them now. These clinics should grow as centres of all CDAP activities, Farmers meetings, training and demonstrations. They should be undertaking activities supporting the farmers like manufacture; storage and sale on a no profit no loss basis of composting, vermi culture, seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, tools etc. 189

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

TABLE 6.2 Proforma-I C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Year Name of Total Sr.No. Scheme Proposed 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Department Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin.

Integrated watershed management programme 0 3700.00 3500.00 2000.00 9200.00

Agriculture 1 (Soil Accelerated watershed development programme 0 550.00 450.00 450.00 1450.00 Conservation) Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Jal bhumi sandharan abhiyan – Under RKVY (water bodies repairing 0 500.00 500.00 500.00 1500.00 and desiltaion of tank) Total:- 0 4750.00 4450.00 2950.00 12150.00

Agriculture 2 -- 0 0 0 0 0 (Extension)

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 On farm water Management under NMSA 0 1720.00 1820 1920 5460.00

Vermicompost 100 per village at RS.2500/- for 737 villages 0 50.00 50.00 100.00 200.00 Compost pit in all villages 0 20.00 20.00 40.00 80.00 Green manuering 1000 plots per talukas 0 4.00 4.00 8.00 16.00

Biodynamic compost 0 5.00 5.00 10.00 20.00 Protective cultivation 0 484 500 600 1584

Precision farming 0 4.00 4.00 5.00 13.00 Production of planting material 3 Horticulture 0 70.00 70.00 60.00 200.00

Community Tank Nos 0 50.00 500.00 500.00 1050 Vegetable seed production 0 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 Technology Demonstration 0 8.00 9.00 9.00 26.00

Strengthening of agri polyclinic 0 100.00 100.00 120.00 320.00 Strengthening of TSF 0 10.00 10.00 10.00 30.00

Strengthening of State Govt. nurseries in Osmanabad district. 0 160.00 160.00 160.00 480.00 Development of organic farming in vegetable crops inOsmanabad district 0 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00

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Establishment of new gardens under EGS 0 576.00 577.00 577.00 1730.00

National Horticulture Mission 0 750.00 850 1050 2650 HRD in Horticulture 0 20.00 20.00 30.00 70.00

Registration of Grapes Farm for export (Grapenet ) 0 1.50 2.50 5.00 9.00

Registration of Mango Orchards for export 0 0.50 3.00 5.00 8.50 (Mangonet) Total:- 0 4153.00 4844.50 5349.00 14346.50

4 ATMA -- 0 0 0 0 0

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

Establishing fish seed production unit 0 5.00 4.00 4.00 13.00

Stocking of fish seed in impounded water. 0 0 3.00 3.00 6.00

Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries 5 Fisheries 0 1.50 1.50 2.00 5.00 requisite. Strengthening of fisheries cooperative 0 0.60 0.50 0.50 1.60 socities. Fish Farmer Development Agency 0 0 0.01 0 0.01 Total:- 0 7.10 9.01 9.50 25.61 Assistance of Construction Of Rearing House 0 111 175 175 461 6 Sericulture Assistance of Construction Of chawki Rearing Center 0 4.2 4.2 4.2 12.6

Total:- 0 115.2 179.2 179.2 473.6

Supply of khawa/paneer making Machines to 0 50 50 50 150 milk producer Dairy 7 Development Dairy development Erection of chilling plant 0 100 100 100 300

Total:- 0 150 150 150 450 8 Social Forestry -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Vyaj Yojna 9 Co-operation 0 1200 1400 1600 4200

Total:- 0 1200 1400 1600 4200

Supply of mini Setter & Hatchers of 5000 0 0 53 53 106 eggs capacity Animal 10 Husbandry Introduction of Power driven chaff cutter 0 0 30 30 60

Total 0 0 83.00 83.00 166.00 11 MSAMB -- 0 0 0 0 0

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Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 12 KVK, Tuljapur -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Total Proforma - I 0 10375.30 11115.71 10320.70 31811.71

Proforma-II C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract ( Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Year Name of Total Sr.No. Scheme Proposed 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Department Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Agriculture 1 (Soil -- 0 0 0 0 0 Conservation) Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

National mission on oil seed and oil pam 0 351.13 471.77 518.94 1341.84

National Food security mission - Pulses 0 1477.31 1629.66 1792.56 4899.53

National Food security mission - Sugercane 0 32 40 44 116

National Food security mission - Coarse crop 0 347.93 334.62 368.08 1050.63

RKVY - Sugercane Development Programme 0 47 51.7 56.87 155.57

RKVY - Cotton Development Programme 0 2.5 3.5 3.85 9.85 Agriculture 2 (Extension)

Dry land Farming mission 0 1133.3 1246.6 1371.2 3751.1

Rainfed Agriculture Development 0 109.96 120.92 133.01 363.89 Programme

Accelerated Fooder Development Programme 0 265.5 265.5 265.5 796.5

Crop pest Surveillance & Advisory Project 0 14.09 15.49 17.03 46.61

Integrated Paddy Production Programme 0 39.52 43.47 47.81 130.8

RKVY - Pigeon pea Production Programme 0 8.83 9.71 10.68 29.22

Publicity Through RKVY Prepration of 0 10 10 11 31 Exhibition material

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PPP- IAD Maize 0 72 79.2 87.12 238.32

PPP- IAD Soyaben 0 50.1 55.11 60.62 165.83

PPP- IAD Pulses 0 37.2 40.92 45.01 123.13

Sub - mission on Agricutural mechanization 0 68.07 563 591.15 1222.22

Total:- 0 4066.44 4981.17 5424.43 14472.04 Mission for integrated development of 3 Horticulture 0 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 horticulture management Total:- 0 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 SUPPORT TO STATE EXTENSION PROGRAMMES FOR EXTENSION 0 214.63 311.88 322.25 848.76 REFORMS KOUSHYALYA VIKAS PRAKSHISHAN 0 0.90 1.20 1.40 3.50 4 ATMA SAMUHA GAT SHETI 0 0.90 1.35 1.80 4.05 MAHARASHTRA AGRICULTURAL 0 68.02 100.00 0.00 168.02 COMPETITIVENESS PROJECT (MACP) Total:- 0 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33

Establishing fish seed production unit 0 5.00 4.00 4.00 13.00

Stocking of fish seed in impounded water. 0 0 3.00 3.00 6.00

Grant of subsidy for supply of fisheries 5 Fisheries 0 1.50 1.50 2.00 5.00 requisite. Strengthening of fisheries cooperative 0 0.60 0.50 0.50 1.60 socities. Fish Farmer Development Agency 0 0 0.01 0 0.01 Total:- 0 7.10 9.01 9.50 25.61 District planning & development scheme 0 10.5 22.5 30 63 (supply mulberry cutting .Dfls, trainning ext.) subsidy under RKVY (Supply of rearing 0 50.4 60 60 170.4 equipment & labour chages ext) perchase of cocoon 0 0 100 100 200 Supply of Rearing appliances/Farm 0 66.15 105 105 276.15 equipment

6 Sericulture Package for mulberry plantation 0 26.8 0 0 26.8

Assistance for Irrigation facility 0 37.06 67.5 67.5 172.06

material 0 4.76 7.5 7.5 19.76

Assistance forVermicompest 0 0 30 30 60

Assistance for Kisan Nursery 0 4.31 5.17 5.17 14.65

Total:- 0 199.98 397.67 405.17 1002.82 193

Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan for Osmanabad District 2012-13 to 2016-17

Integrated Dairy Development Project 0 0 2500 2500 5000 (Dairy Farm Park) Dairy 7 Development subsidy under RKVY (Supply of rearing 0 100 100 100 300 equipment & labour chages ext) Total:- 0 100 2600 2600 5300 MREGS 0 545.5 545.5 545.5 1636.5 Campa 0 2.79 14.14 14.14 31.07 8 Social Forestry Central Nursery 0 0.83 9.38 9.38 19.59 Van Moahostav 0 0.31 9.38 9.38 19.07 IWMP 0 95.69 177.53 175.01 448.23 Total:- 0 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 -- 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

A.i.delievery system under Rkvy 2.73216 36.71386 100 50 189.44602

Assistance to farmers for promotion of 0 0 15 15 30.00 integrated livestock farming on 25% subsidy

establishment of silage making unit 0 0 30 30 60.00

Animal supply of medicines to the animals in cattle 10 0 14.44 0 14.44 28.88 Husbandry camps of drought prone area

Distribution of 40 female & 2 male goat in 0 0 1.943 0 1.943 DPAP area establishment of silage making unit in drought affected districts under rkvy as 98.7 0 0 0 98.7 drought mitigation measures stall fed 40+2 goat unit by punyashlok ahilyadevi maharashtra mendhi va sheli vikas 22.5 0 0 0 22.5 mahamandal Total 123.93216 51.15386 146.943 109.44 431.469 11 MSAMB -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 12 KVK, Tuljapur -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Total Proforma - II 123.9322 6104.834 10286.53 10785.12 27300.42

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Proforma-III C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Year Name of Total Sr.No. Scheme Proposed 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Department Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Agriculture Farm Pond (Small) under RKVY New peoposed 1 (Soil 0 300 300 300 900 scheme Conservation) Total:- 0 300 300 300 900

Agriculture 2 -- 0 0 0 0 0 (Extension)

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Eastablishment of Horticulture Garden Under 0 MREGS 75.00 125.00 135.00 335 Production of planting Material Under 3 Horticulture 0 MREGS 80.00 90.00 100.00 270 Registration of Anar for export (Anarnet) 0 155 217 240 612

Total:- 0 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 4 ATMA -- 0 0 0 0 0

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Integrated fish development Project though proper transport marketing facilities cold 5 Fisheries 0 171 180 190 541 storage

Total:- 0 171 180 190 541 Assistance of farmers trainning center 0 30.00 30.00 30.00 90.00 6 Sericulture Assistance for multiend reeling unit 0 0.00 0.00 10.54 10.54

Total:- 0 30.00 30.00 40.54 100.54

Establishment of Milk Routes 0 60.00 70.00 70.00 200.00 Dairy 7 Development Assistance for multiend reeling unit 0 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00

Total:- 0 160.00 170.00 170.00 500.00 8 Social Forestry -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 -- 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

Animal establishment of gokul grams under Rashtriya 10 0 0 500 500 1000 Husbandry gokul mission

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establishment of mobile extensions centers for publicity of govt. Schmes & creation of 0 0 100 50 150 awareness among farmers at District level mobile marketing units for poultry meat and 0 0 100 100 200 eggs subsidy celling Rs.3.75 Lakhs per unit

faciliating market linkage for live birds, 0 0 100 100 200 animals subsidy celling Rs.2.00 lakhs per unit

supply of veterinary mobile units cum 1 unit X 0 0 24 0 Diagnostic labratories 24.00= 24.00 lakhs modernization of veterinary Dispensaries, Gr- 0 0 43.95 0 43.95 I for online data entry

Total 0 0 867.95 750.00 1617.95 R.O. Plant at APMC’s (eight in nos.) campus 0 0 0 52.20 52.20 11 MSAMB Eco-toilet Plant at APMC’s (eight in nos.) campus 0 0 0 77.75 77.75 Total:- 0 0 0 129.95 129.95 Training cum demonstration unit of potato chips 0 0 4.00 0 4.00 processing Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 0 0 4.86 0 4.86 of deshi poultry hatchery Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 0 0 7.40 0 7.40 of rearing of Osmanabadi goat Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 0 0 2.63 0 2.63 12 KVK, Tuljapur of dairy products by improved machinery Training cum demonstration unit – solar 0 0 0.60 0 0.60 dehydration technology Establishment of soil micro nutrient analysis facility through Automatic Absorption 0 0 14.00 0 14.00 Spectrophotometer (AAS) Establishment of liquid bio fertilizer unit 0 0 15.00 0 15.00 Total:- 0 0 48.49 0 48.49 Total Proforma - III 0 816 1813.44 1820.49 4449.93

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Proforma-IV C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth (Revised) Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Year Name of Total Sr.No. Scheme Proposed 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 Department Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Fin. Agriculture 0Farm Pond (Small) under RKVY New peoposed 1 (Soil 0 0 0 0 0 scheme Conservation) Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 proposal for assistance to control tobacco leaf eating catterpillar on soyabean,cotton,peagon 0 100 150 200 450 pea & gram Establishment of New quality testing lab.In dist.level 0 60 50 50 160

Establishment of district Extention Education centres at Distrist Head quarter 0 40 40 40 120 Agriculture 2 (Extension) Market Intelligence 0 15 15 20 50

Biofertiliser unit 1 each talukas 0 60 60 120 240

Biopesticides production unit 1 each talukas 0 0 20 20 40

Total:- 0 275.00 335.00 450.00 1060.00 Establishment of horticulture training centre 0 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00 at Osmanabad 3 Horticulture High tech floriculture project for Osmanabad 0 50.00 100.00 70.00 220.00 dist. Total:- 0 150.00 200.00 170.00 520.00 4 ATMA -- 0 0 0 0 0

Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

5 Fisheries -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 mulberry plantation under RKVY 6 Sericulture 0 0 31.5 31.5 63

Total:- 0 0 31.5 31.5 63

Dairy Supply of Improved milch animal under 7 0 100 100 100 300 Development Marathawada vikas Package Yojana Total:- 0 100 100 100 300 8 Social Forestry -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 -- 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0

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Total:- 0 0 0 0 0

Clean Milk Production through supply of 0 0 31.25 31.25 62.5 Milking machines to farmers on 25% subsidy Assistance to farmers for promotion of Integrated Livestock Farming on 25% 0 0 625 625 1250 subsidy

Fodder production From Fallow lands 0 0 30 30 60 Animal 10 Husbandry Establishment of Hydroponics fodder 0 0 15 15 30 production unit

Establishment of A Azolla production unit 0 0 15 15 30

Fodder production at farms of MLDB, Ship& Goat Dev. Carporation of Maharashtra 0 0 33.345 0 33.345

Total 0 0 749.595 716.25 1465.845 11 MSAMB -- 0 0 0 0 0 Total:- 0 0 0 0 0 Training cum demonstration unit of potato chips 0 0 0.48 0.48 0.96 processing Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 0 0 0.32 0.32 0.64 of deshi poultry hatchery Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 12 KVK, Tuljapur 0 0 0.32 0.32 0.64 of rearing of Osmanabadi goat Establishment of demonstration cum training unit 0 0 0.32 0.32 0.64 of dairy products by improved machinery Training cum demonstration unit – solar 0 0 0.48 0.48 0.96 dehydration technology Total:- 0 0 1.92 1.92 3.84 Total Proforma - IV 0 525.00 1418.015 1469.67 3412.685

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Table 6.3 Abstract of C-DAP Proforma-I C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr.No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 4750.00 4450.00 2950.00 12150.0 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 0 0 0 0 3 Horticulture 0 4153.00 4844.50 5349.00 14346.50 4 ATMA 0 0 0 0 0 5 Fisheries 0 7.10 9.01 9.50 25.61 6 Sericulture 0 115.20 179.20 179.20 473.60 7 Dairy Development 0 150.00 150.00 150.00 450.00 8 Social Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 9 Co-operation 0 1200.00 1400.00 1600.00 4200.00 10 Animal Husbandry 0 0 83.00 83.00 166.00 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 0 0 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 0 0 0 Total 0 10375.3 11115.71 10320.7 31811.71 Proforma-II C-DAP Department Wise Production & Growth Scheme New/Ongoing Abstract ( Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr.No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 0 0 0 0 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 4066.44 4981.17 5424.43 14472.04 3 Horticulture 0 750.59 981.38 1157.72 2889.69 4 ATMA 0 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33 5 Fisheries 0 7.1 9.01 9.5 25.61 6 Sericulture 0 199.98 397.67 405.17 1002.82 7 Dairy Development 0 100 2600 2600 5300 8 Social Forestry 0 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0 10 Animal Husbandry 123.93216 51.15386 146.943 109.44 431.469 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 0 0 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 0 0 0 Total 123.9322 6104.834 10286.53 10785.12 27300.42 Proforma-III C-DAP Department Wise Infrastructure & Assets Scheme Proposed (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Proposed Financial Programme Total Sr. No. Name of Department 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 300 300 300 900 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 0 0 0 0 3 Horticulture 0 155.00 217.00 240.00 612.00 4 ATMA 0 0 0 0 0 5 Fisheries 0 171 180 190 541 6 Sericulture 0 30.00 30.00 40.54 100.54 7 Dairy Development 0 160.00 170.00 170.00 500.00 8 Social Forestry 0 0 0 0 0 9 Co-operation 0 0 0 0 0 10 Animal Husbandry 0 0 867.95 750 1617.95 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 129.95 129.95 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 48.49 0 48.49 Total 0 816 1813.44 1820.49 4449.93

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C-DAP Abstract (Rs.in Lakhs) Dist. Osmanabad Sr. No. Name of Department Proposed Financial Programme Total 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 1 Agriculture (Soil Conservation) 0 5050.00 4750.00 3250.00 13050 2 Agriculture (Extension) 0 4341.44 5316.17 5874.43 15532.04 3 Horticulture 0 5208.59 6242.88 6916.72 18368.19 4 ATMA 0 284.45 414.43 325.45 1024.33 5 Fisheries 0 185.20 198.02 209.00 592.22 6 Sericulture 0 345.18 638.37 656.41 1639.96 7 Dairy Development 0 510.00 3020.00 3020.00 6550 8 Social Forestry 0 645.12 755.93 753.41 2154.46 9 Co-operation 0 1200.00 1400.00 1600.00 4200 10 Animal Husbandry 123.93216 51.15386 1847.488 1658.69 3681.264 11 MSAMB 0 0 0 129.95 129.95 12 Krishi Vigyan Kendra 0 0 50.41 1.92 52.33 Total 123.9322 17821.13 24633.7 24395.98 66974.74

200