Iranian Journal of Animal Biosystematics(IJAB) Vol.3, No.1, 69-75, 2007 ISSN: 1735-434X

First record of Saron marmoratus (Olivier, 1811) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Hippolytidea) from Makran Coast, Iran

R. SHEIBANI-TEZERJI AND ALIREZA SARI*

*School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

There are four species of marbled shrimps namely: Saron marmoratus (Olivier, 1811), Saron neglectus De Man, 1902, Saron inermis Hayashi, 1983 and Saron rectirostris Hayashi, 1984. The marbled shrimp, Saron marmoratus is a widespread species in the Indian and Pacific Oceans (see Holthuis, 1947 and Chace, 1997 for details and also Barnard, 1950; Miyake and Hayashi, 1966; McNeil, 1968; Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1972; Kazmi and Kazmi, 1979; Jones, 1986; Kazmi and Kazmi, 1987; Hogarth, 1989; Holthuis, 1993). This species was thoroughly treated in the study of material collected during the "Siboga Expedition" by Holthuis (1947). The main descriptions of Saron marmoratus in the last century were provided by Nobili (1901), De Man (1902), Kemp (1916), Barnard (1950), Miyake and Hayashi (1966) and Chace (1997). Ortman (1894) and De Man (1902) considered similarities and differences between Saron marmoratus and S. gibberosus. Later, S. gibberosus was mentioned as synonym of S. marmoratus. Major studies on Saron marmoratus dealt with intersexual differences. These are by Randall (1839), Borradaile (1898), Coutière (1910), Kemp (1914), Tirmizi and Kazmi (1972). Previous works on Saron marmoratus in the Northwestern Indian Ocean mainly include: Kazmi and Kazmi (1979), Debelius (1984), Jones (1986), Kazmi and Kazmi (1987), Hogarth (1989) Nobili (1901), Nobili (1906), Coutière (1910), Kemp (1914), Kemp (1916), Tirmizi and Kazmi (1972). While studying the non-penaeid shrimps of the Iranian coasts of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, the authors had a chance to discover three specimen of Saron marmoratus in the Makran Coast, Djod village (26º 27′ N, 59º 30′ E), Gulf of Oman, Iran. The specimens are deposited in the Zoological Museum, University of Tehran (ZUTC). In the present study, due to interpopulational morphological variations in Saron marmoratus, characters of the examined material from the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt (SMF), Zoological Museum, Göttingen (ZMG), Natural History Museum, Wien (NHMW) and three deposited specimens of the current study in the Zoological Museum, University of Tehran (ZUTC) are compared.

ArchiveSaron marmoratus (Olivier,of 1811)SID (Figure 1) Palaemon marmoratus Olivier, 1811: 652-667. Saron marmoratus Holthuis, 1947: 25 (see list of synonyms from 1811 to 1947). Saron marmoratus Barnard, 1950: 688. Saron marmoratus Miyake and Hayashi, 1966: 143-160. Saron marmoratus McNeil, 1968: 19. Saron marmoratus Tirmizi and Kazmi, 1972: 283. Saron marmoratus Kensley, 1972: 60. Saron marmoratus Bruce, 1976: 49. Saron marmoratus Kazmi and Kazmi, 1979: 155. Saron marmoratus Debelius, 1984: 60 [color photo]. Saron marmoratus Jones, 1986: 153.

*CORRESPONDING AUTHOR : [email protected] ©2007 FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD, IRAN www.SID.ir 70 IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BIOSYSTEMATICS Vol.3, No. 1

Saron marmoratus Kazmi and Kazmi, 1987: 49. Saron marmoratus Hogarth, 1989: 111. Saron marmoratus Holthuis, 1993: 247-248. Saron marmoratus Chace, 1997: 89.

Material examined: 1 ♀ (CL = 30.74 mm), Djod (Iran), ZUTC Nat. 1001, 16 Dec. 2004 and 2 juveniles (CL= 10.90 mm and CL= 12.33 mm) Djod (Iran), ZUTC Nat. 1002, 20 July 2007; 1 ♂ (Carapace length (CL.) = 13.70 mm), Kagoshima (Japan), SMF 22819, Nov. 1966; 1 ♂ (CL = 21.16 mm), Sinai (Egypt), SMF 22845, 20 May 1984; 1 ♀ (CL = 16.36 mm), Sumatra (Indonesia), ZMG 783, 4 May 1885; 6 ♀ and 4 juveniles (CL = 5.79 to 15.35 mm), Scherm Habban (Red Sea), NHMW 1139, 12 Jan. 1896; 10 ♀ and 2 juveniles (CL = 6.90 to 12.73 mm), Rawaiya (Red Sea), NHMW 1134, 20 Sep. 1897; 5 ♀ (CL = 13.56 to 20.57 mm), Cameran (Red Sea), NHMW 1131, 31 Oct. 1897; 5 ♀ (CL= 12.89 to 29.26 mm), Jeddah (Red Sea), NHMW 1150, 15 Dec. 1895. To simplify the comparison of characters between different specimens, character details of material are presented in Table 1. Based on the morphological characters, the specimens from Makran coast, Iran agree well with previous descriptions (Miyake and Hayashi, 1966; De Man, 1902; Barnard, 1950). There are variations in the shape of the rostrum tips and number of lower rostral teeth in the specimens from different localities (Fig. 1 A and B; Table 1). All examined material of the present study show their third maxilliped longer than the first pereopod. In these individuals, third maxilliped varies from 26.50% to 56.58% of total length (TL) and first pereopod (Fig. 1C) vary from 23.29% to 48.75% of TL. In the smaller male specimens, third maxilliped is less than 33% of total body length and in only one large male (TL= 52.01 mm), this value is 56.58% of the total length. In the females, this is longer than 33% of TL except in one specimen (TL= 36.75). The first pereopod in the males is 23.29% to 48.75% of TL and in the females this ratio is between 26.66 to 38.53% of TL. These values are agree with studies on sexual dimorphism by Kemp (1914), Ortman (1894), Borradaile (1898), Tirmizi and Kazmi (1972). In specimens of the present study, merus of the second pereopod shows 11-13 articles (Fig. 1 G) but in the other specimens, the article number vary from 11-15 and this variation in the number of articles is also reported by Miyake and Hayashi (1966). Ortman (1894) states Saron marmoratus has two spines on the merus of third and fourth pereopods and one on the merus of fifth pereopod. In the material examined of the present study, two spines were observed on merus of the last three pairs of pereopods (Fig. 1 D-F; Table 1). But, in one of specimen (SMF 22819), one spine was observed on the merus of third pereopod and in two juvenile specimens (ZUTC Nat. 1002/1 and 1002/2), one spine was observed on the merus of fifth pereopod. This data agree well with De Man (1888) findings that these spines are extremely variable (Table 1). In the previous studies (Kemp, 1916; Debelius, 1984; Borradaile 1898; Barnard, 1950), authors recorded a different color pattern in Saron marmoratusArchive and Barnard (1950) nicely stated of that "noSID two specimens exactly alike in pattern". According to Kemp (1916), "coloration of living specimens is very wonderful, resembling that of a rich Turkey carpet". Debelius (1984) presented a photograph of male Saron marmoratus from Jeddah and stated that the marbled coat of this species is deep red at night but both sexes show a brown hue during the day. The color of reported specimens by Borradaile (1898) varies from mottled gray to green and those reported by Barnard (1950) were described as "marbled and mottled with more or less circular, oval, or crescentic markings, or rings, of varying shades of brown, with faint intervening reticulation" and Jones (1986) stated that the color of Saron marmoratus is "marbled or mottled in varying shades of brown". The live colour of material deposited in the ZUTC varies from green (with some yellow spot on body in juveniles) to brown with margins in adult specimen. In the

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TABLE 1: Details of characters for material examined of the present study. MATERIAL ZUTC ZUTC ZUTC CHARACTERS SMF SMF ZMG NHMW NHMW NHMW NHMW 1139 Nat. Nat. Nat. 22819 22845 783 1134 1131 1150 Archive of SID 1001 1002/1 1002/2 6 Females- 10 Females- Sex Male Male Female 5 Females 5 Females Female Juvenile Juvenile 4 Juveniles 2 Juveniles

Total length (mm) 34.63 52.01 36.75 13.98 to 35.84 17.29 to 30.22 12.89 to 29.26 30.25 to 66.54 62.23 27.41 29.46

Carapace length (mm) 13.70 21.16 16.36 5.79 to 15.35 6.90 to 12.73 13.56 to 20.57 12.89 to 29.26 30.74 10.90 12.33

Rostral formula (upper rostral 3+3+6 3+3+6 3+3+6 3+3+7 teeth on the carapace (UC) + 3+5+7 3+5+7 4+4+6 3+3+7 4+3+6 4+4+6 4+4+6 3+4+6 3+3+7 3+3+8 upper rostral teeth (UR) + lower 3+3+8 rostral teeth (LR) Third maxilliped length (mm) 10.01 29.43 11.37 6.04 to 10.28 4.28 to 8.01 10.38 to 17.26 18.48 to 30.22 27.20 8.7 8.97 First pereopod length (mm) 8.22 25.36 9.80 4.16 to 9.01 4.25 to 7.04 8.42 to 17.54 6.70 to 28.24 23.98 7.48 7.90 Number of spines on merus+ 2+5+11 2+6+13 2+5+13 2+6+12 dactylus+ propodus of third 1+5+8 2+4+12 2+5+12 2+5+12 2+4+8 2+5+9 2+5+13 2+6+14 3+5+13 2+6+13 pereopod Number of spines on merus+ 2+5+11 2+5+9 2+5+11 2+6+11 dactylus+ propodus of fourth 2+5+10 2+5+12 2+5+10 2+6+8 2+4+8 2+4+8 2+5+14 2+5+11 2+5+12 2+6+13 pereopod Number of spines on merus+ 2+5+11 2+6+9 2+5+8 2+6+11 dactylus+ propodus of fifth 2+5+8 2+5+10 2+6+8 2+5+10 1+4+6 1+5+9 2+5+13 2+6+11 2+5+11 2+6+13 pereopod

Second pereopod carpus articles 11 15 12 10,11,12 10,11 13,14 12,13 13 11 12 www.SID.ir

72 IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL BIOSYSTEMATICS Vol.3, No. 1

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FIG. 1.- Saron marmoratus A) Rostra from different material, A1) ZUTC Nat 1002/2; A2) NHMW 1134; A3) NHMW 1150; A4) NHMW 1131; A5) NMHW 1139. Saron marmoratus ZUTC Nat. 1001, B) carapace, C) first pereopod, D) third pereopod, E) fourth pereopod, F) fifth pereopod, G) second pereopod, H) lateral aspect of right uropods, I) dorsal aspect of telson. Scale a: A3; scale b: D, E & F; scale c: C; scale d: B; Scale e: G, H & I; scale f: A1, A2, A4 & A5. Scale = 1 mm.

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latter specimen, one dark.spots was observed on each uropod (Fig. 1 H). These spots were neither observed on juvenile nor on other preserved specimens (Possibly due to colour fading). Telson (fig. 1 I) is similar to described specimens from different region. Some of the reports on Saron marmoratus in the northwestern Indian Ocean are from the Persian Gulf (Nobili, 1906; Kemp, 1914; Jones, 1986), Arabian Sea, Pakistan (Kemp, 1914; Tirmizi & Kazmi, 1972; Kazmi & Kazmi, 1979; Kazmi & Kazmi, 1987), Dhofar in southern Oman (Hogarth, 1989) and Red Sea (Debelius, 1984). This report is the first record of Saron marmoratus from Makran Coast, Gulf of Oman, Iran. This area is a remote coast with bed rock and shallow tide pools filled with rubbles and covered with green algae (Ulva sp.). The current finding of S. marmoratus in the region fills the gap between its previous records from the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. So far, this species was not observed in the other localities of the Gulf of Oman and Iranian Coast of the Persian Gulf. In summary, based on information given in Table 1, specimens of the present study agree well with observed variation within the material from ZMG, SMF and NHMW and also with descriptions and figures on Saron marmoratus in reported specimens from different localities. The results of present study show that characters and colour patterns are variable in this species. Therefore, for identification of Saron marmoratus, a range of characters with their intra- and interpopulational variations should be considered.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank University of Tehran and German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) for providing financial supports. Invaluable help of Professor M. Türkay and Dr. F. Krupp for providing research facilities and also their hospitality during the visit of the authors to the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt is acknowledged. We are grateful to Dr. P. Dworschak from Natural History Museum of Vienna for material loan of Saron marmoratus. Thanks are due to Mr. A. Kazemi and Mr. R. Naderloo for their help with sampling.

LITERATURE CITED BARNARD, K.H. 1950. Descriptive catalogue of South African decapod Crustacea (crabs and shrimps), Annals of the South African Museum, 38: 688-690.

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COUTIÈRE, H. 1910. Les crevettes a males dimorphs du genre Saron, Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, serie 10, 2: 1-17.

DEBELIUS, H. 1984. Armoured Knights of the Sea, Kernen Verlag, 120 p.

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DE MAN, J.G. 1888. Bericht über die von Herrn Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. Archiv für Naturgeschichte, 53(1): 215-600.

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HAYASHI K.I., 1983. Diagnose einer neuen Saron-Art (Saron inermis n.sp.) aus Indonesien. In: Debelius H.: Gezpanzerte Meeresritter: 117; Essen (Kernen-Verlag).

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HOLTHUIS, L.B. 1947, The Hippolytidae and Rhynchocinetidae collected by the Siboga and Snellius expedition with Remarks on other species. In the Decapoda of the Siboga expedition, part IX, Siboga-Expeditie, 39a (8): 100 pages, 15 figures.

HOLTHUIS, L.B. 1993. The recent genera of the caridean and stenopodidean shrimps (Crustacea, Decapoda): with an appendix on the order Amphionidacea, National Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, 328 pp.

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MCNEILL, F.A. 1968. Crustacea, Decapoda and Stomatopoda. Great Barrier Reef Expedition 1928- 29 Scientific Reports, Vol. 7. London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). 98 pp.

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MIYAKE, S. and Hayashi K.I. 1966. Some hippolytid shrimp living in coral reefs of the West Pacific. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 14(1): 143-160.

NOBILI, G. 1901. Decapodi e Stomatopodi Eritrei del Museo Zoologico dell'Università di Napoli, Annuario del Museo Zoologico della R.Università di Napoli, 1(3): 35-37.

NOBILI, G. (1906) Mission J. Bonnier et Ch. Pérez (Golfe Persique 1901). Crustacés Décapodes et Stomatopodes. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, 40: 13-159

OLIVIER, A. G. 1811. Palémon. Palaemon. In: Olivier A. G., Encyclopédie métodique: Histoire naturelle: Insectes, 8: 652-667

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RANDALL, J. W. 1839. Catalogue of the crustacean brought by Thomas Nuttal and J. K. Townsend, from the west coast of North America and the Sandwich Islands, with descriptions of such species as are apparently new, among which are included several species of deferent localities, previously existing in the collection of the academy, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 8(1): 106-147.

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