INTRODUCTION J S E K C U L A V E Z Z K W WW1 Explore the WW1 medical history of G P A O P E N E R S D S E H QUIZ with this trail. Try your hand at finding facts, F B L G L O K H E M G P G I WHITECHAPEL completing quizzes and drawing your ideas to L Z R A X P O S F Z I R H T 1. Why is Edith Cavell celebrated? discover Whitechapel’s wartime history and win L X U M Q N R D Y T W O C E ...... a Centre of the Cell goody bag. MEDICAL E L T S E U M A H S H S T C 2. Which item from the German’s first aid kit This trail was created by a team of young people W B R T N O E C O L I T S H did the British favour? MARVELS aged 14-18 to share their research into WW1 local medical history. They have delved into the Royal O P E N S H A W S N T H I A ...... Hospital Museum and Archives and C Y K X F V D U P U E E T P TRAIL 3. In what years did WW1 take place? the Science Museum Archives and conducted H Q O J E J A B I P M T Q E field studies to bring you a trail that explores key ...... locations, people and medical innovations that C Y M L V W I E T E Y I C L have shaped the Whitechapel we know today. A X L O X A N V A W K C R U Plaque – a sign often attached Q M E M O R I A L Q C S P B GLOSSARY to the outside of buildings to COMPETITION commemorate someone’s Enter the trail competition to win a goody bag. Z O F B E D I T P L U R A W actions in history Email your photos and completed activities to Y W N X Q I W I Y S L T V U Armistice – peace agreement Prosthetics – man-made limbs [email protected] EDITH CAVELL Commemorate – to honour Propaganda – information or via Twitter @Centreofthecell #WW1FamilyTrail WORDSEARCH EVA LUCKES the memory of a historical designed to persuade others PROSTHETICS figure or event to support a particular cause www.centreofthecell.org WAR PLAQUE NURSES Manufacture – to make/ Shell shock – reactions of HOSPITAL produce items some soldiers to the horrors MEMORIAL WHITECHAPEL of war – now known as post- OPENSHAW Memorial – something traumatic stress disorder designed to honour an important person in history Wounded – suffering injury

2 TIME LINE CREATE A PLAQUE THAT 1 DESCRIBES YOUR OWN 1914 2015 3 August Centenary of Britain enters WW1 Edith Cavell’s ACHIEVEMENTS… when Germany 2014 death 4 1914 30 August WW1 centenary invades Belgium First wounded arrive in London 6 8 and treated at the London Hospital 2012 1 March 1915 The first phase of 12 October 2005 the new state- 7 Edith Cavell is The Blizard Institute of-the-art Royal executed 1916 opens to house the London Hospital December Medical School’s opens Women begin Institute of Cell and training at London Molecular Science Hospital due to a shortage 2005 of medical 7 July 1917 students 6 April: USA The Royal London declares war on Hospital received Germany, sides 1999 and treated 208 with Allies London’s Air patients injured 1917 Ambulance started in the London 19 October at The Royal London bombings Last German – the first helicopter 9 5 airship raid on London emergency medical 1918 service in the UK to 1990 11 November carry a doctor on Hospital Germany signs board was granted armistice with a Royal title by Allies, agreeing to HM Queen an immediate 1985 Elizabeth II ceasefire East London Mosque’s new CROSSWORD CLUES 1939 building on Down Across WW2 starts Whitechapel 1960 1. Something Henry Tonks worked 2. Original Purpose of the Road opens A new dental as other than a surgeon (6) Royal London Hospital Museum (6) hospital, pathology 2. The disease which the Whitechapel 6. The colour of the walls of St Mary 1940 institute and school East London of nursing and fountain helped to prevent (7) Matfelon Church (5) Mosque and midwifery is Famous bell located in London 3. 7. The country prosthetics limbs Islamic Culture 1948 set up produced by the Bell Foundry (3,3) were imported from in WW1 (7) Centre opens 1945 The London 4. Peace treaty signed by the Germans 8. The country which invaded Belgium in converted 8 May Hospital and the Allies (9) in 1914 (7) houses WW2 ends becomes part 5. Wounded soldiers would wear blue 9. Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was the of the NHS coloured jackets and this coloured tie (3) first English woman to qualify as this (6) WW1 TRAIL 2 NURSING DID YOU WHITECHAPEL KNOW? The British army favoured the The London Hospital German sticky tape MEDICAL from their first aid The London Hospital was founded in 1740 and became kit rather than 1. the largest voluntary hospital in London at the outbreak their own of WWI as there was no NHS at this time. Its name was changed MARVELS to The Royal London Hospital in 1990. The Royal London Hospital Eva Luckes Home to London’s air ambulance, the Royal London is 1854-1919 2. also one of the capital’s leading trauma and emergency TRAIL • care centres and hyper-acute stroke centres. Was Matron at the London Hospital 1880-1919 Luckes Entrance • Matron Eva Luckes was awarded the Royal Red Cross, Expanded the school of nursing Commander of the British Empire and Lady of Grace Order at the London Hospital to become 3. the largest training school for of St John of Jerusalem. She was the second person to be awarded nurses in Britain this medal after Florence Nightingale. • Was inspired by Florence Cavell Entrance DID YOU Nightingale Nurse Edith Cavell helped both sides of the conflict KNOW? Nurses had strict dress codes – their must be 4 inches above the ground, and hair must be long, parted in the middle pinned up. TEAM NAME ...... soldiers would wear a blue jacket and red tie. Wounded during WWI. She tried to smuggle soldiers out of Brussels Within 4 weeks of the outbreak 4. of war, the first 100 wounded and into neighbouring countries which soldiers were brought to the E DID Whitechapel Station led to her execution by the German army YOU KNOW? London Hospital. They arrived in Brussels, Belgium. One of the most in a fleet of vans from catering famous bells in the company J Lyons & Co as The Royal London world, London’s very there was a shortage of EDITH own Big Ben was ambulances. Hospital Museum manufactured at CAVELL The museum used to be 1865-1915 5. the Whitechapel AD Pioneer of Modern Nursing St Augustine with St Philip’s Church. Bell Foundry WHITECHAPEL RO in Belgium and 1 This was the church Edith Cavell used to Heroine of the Great War CAVEL trained and worked here 2 worship in. The Royal London Hospital

1896-1901 museum is open Tuesday to Friday, L STREET L ISAAC 10am-4.30pm. Closed over Christmas, New Year, Easter and public holidays. ROSENBERG DID YOU

KNOW? ROAD TURNER 1890-1918 B N

Poet and Painter Elizabeth Garrett ROAD EW lived in the East End Anderson was the and studied here first English women

PLUMBERS to qualify as a 1 doctor. 4 Aldgate East Station 3 Edith Cavell ADLERSTREET WAY 1865-1915 ROW • WHITECHURCH LANE Looked after her ill father which 4 2 5 inspired her to train as a nurse • 3 A NEWARK STREET Trained at the London Hospital under Matron Eva Luckes C D • Moved to Belgium to teach nursing and launched a TRAIL 1 new nursing journal REMEMBERING The Whitechapel Bell Foundry The Whirechapel Bell Foundry was used to manufacture 1. many other products for WW1. Established in 1570, it is the oldest manufacturing company in Britain that is still in business. The Bell Foundry made the London Hospital’s large bell that was used to summon attendants to hold surgical patients still for surgery before pain relief was invented. Henry Tonks 1862–1937 Thomas Openshaw The White Chapel • The name ‘Whitechapel’ came from the Was an artist and surgeon 1856–1929 • • Church which had white walls. The remains of “The White Was an orthapedic surgeon 2. Taught anatomy at QMUL DID YOU Chapel” are in . • at the London Hospital KNOW? As a war artist he made many • Prosthetic limbs for Whitechapel Fountain paintings of medical practice Served with the rank of Colonel in wounded soldiers Public drinking fountains were introduced in the 19th in the London Hospital the Royal Army Medical Corps were imported during wartime • from America 3. century to provide clean drinking water to help prevent Helped set up the Queen Mary Convalescent cholera, a disease that caused many deaths in the east end. Auxiliary Hospital for the Limbless at Roehampton Whitechapel Gallery • Next to the entrance of Whitechapel Gallery there LANDMARKS KEY Oversaw the development is a blue plaque commemorating Isaac Rosenberg. A. Altab Ali Park of artificial limbs for thousands of 4. men who had war injuries Isaac Rosenberg was an English poet of WW1 and was also B. East London Mosque commemorated on a slate stone unveiled in Westminster C. Blizard Institute D. Centre of the Cell Abbey’s Poet’s Corner. Soldiers who lost their elbows to gunshots were given artificial arms. (prosthetics) These arms provided extra strength and utility.

E. Idea Store Images courtesy The Royal London Hospital Museum