6 5
CHAPTER III
ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICAflON 0¥ OMASSLAIflp/AND IHEIK MOf A^iUAL CHAHAUl'iimiZATIinr
As stated earlier terretories of the Maharasbtra state lie between 15^-35' and 22^>10' north latitude and 72^-30* and 0 80 -SO' east longitude* This position around the tropical belt priaarily decides tbe general olinatic, phenologioal and
ecological features of the area under study.
(i) Ecological features*
Geologically a major part of this area consists of an
extensive Deccan Trap formation including granites, gneisses^
schists which have provided the parental material for
formations of local soils. The elevation ranges from 0 upto
1830 metres along the cre»t-llne of the Western Ghats* These
hills abruptly rise to Isolated table lands with oharaoteristic
transverse zonations along tlheir profiles foraed by successive
lava flows around the Tertiary period* The successive asones
are often separated by thin layer of soils known as red or
green bole of variable thickness fozsied duxing soil fonsing
intervals between successive flows of lava.
The crest~llne running roughly parallel to West coast more
or less continuously, mezges with the extensive Eastern plateau wj
with a mean elevation ranging from 600 to 700 metres with a
scattered out->orops of low hills. 65
Th«-rainfall noatly reoeirad iron S•W*aonaoon batwaan June and Saptamber haa e daoraaalnff gradiantlif botb In South to North direction as also Weat to Eaat direction with naxiouB looaliaad praolpltation ranging betwean 636 to 762 ona reatriotad to alavatad creat-line* Along tha Konkan aaa coast rainfall ranges froa 2154 ems in South to 228 oast in the axtrena North, Batwaon the oraatlina and Kaatam plaina tiiera is a transitional belt called Maval with an annual rain fall ranging froa 203 eaa along the Eaatem edge of this ereiitline more or less abruptly reducing to 63,5 to 76,2 oas in the ^faval area* Toward East of the Maval belt thera is a raint5^<"*r€ow area rttnnlng roughly parallel to the (Erhata ^rith an Siverega width of 6S Kmt whars there is acuta acareity uf rain «'bioh ranges froa 2S,4 to S0«8 oaa only, aoatly reoeivad during Auguat to Ootober froa N.B, fl»>naoon* Toward atill further Kaat the extensive black aoil platfuB of Marathwada, Khandeah and Barar receive aore or lesa assured rainfall raning from 76*2 to 152^4 oas from b*th S«tl$ aa well as H^ aonaoon (riaxe II2-i),
(ii) Clagelfioation of eoological habitate and their vagatation types in Maheraahtra State« Relevant infomatioa regarding Baxlmum-alnla^a teaperatura^, huaidity, rainfall and its diatribntien, soil tjrpas, aeolcgloal i babltate and thair vegetation types in M.S. cte^^presented below in table Ill>Xc
Table III-l
Clasalflcation of Ecological hebltats
Rwgion ElevB- Rain- Distrl- Diuranal Temperature uel- NOl^'* fall button Iluffii- i\%i. Cifls, of rain Season Max. illQ. dity I Coastal 0 to 203 to May to nnter 86,3 67.4 66.4 Pains 300 305 sept. Summer 89,1 75.9 74,3 (Konkan) Monsoon 85.4 75.6 84.4
II.Western 300 381 May slopes of to to to Western 1000 508 sept, Ghats.
III.Crestline 1000 508 May Vlnter 74.6 57.6 52,6 to to to Sucimer 80.5 64.0 60.2 1800 762 Oct. Monsoon 68.3 61,5 93.1
IV. Eastern 1000 803 May slopes to to to of Western 600 101 Nov. ghats.
V, Transition 600 101 June '^vinter 87.3 56.9 48,6 belt(Maval to to Suamer 96.0 69.3 51.3 or Malna£) 89 Oct, Monsoon 84.2 69.3 74.5
VI.Dry toaroity 600 38.1 July Winter 87,4 57,0 39,5 belt, to to to Summer 99.3 71.6 38.1 540 63,5 Nov, Monsoon 87,8 69.7 65.2
VII«Eastern 600 101,6 May Winter 36.0 58.3 49.1 plains to to to Summer 96,6 76.1 37.6 (Marathvada, 540 152,4 Nov. Monsoon 88.9 72.8 73.0 Kbandesh,' Berar etc.) 7 Table Jll-l 6
and their vgetational tjrpeg,
Vegeti^tion Typioul. areas Soil types types falling under e^cb region. Transported lateritic alluviua with Seal~ever«« Gi*eater Boabayp variable depth.Acidic in reaction green to Tiiana,Kolaba, & I iiatnagi ri (pll less than 5)& deficient in Ca, moist Districts. F and K. deciduous Laterlte with variable depth & poro~ Uoist M^tberan, sity,Acidic in r6actlon(pH less deciduous Fr:;tapgad Fort, than B) and defideni in Ca,P & K. aixed sparsely Suvuntwadi. with ever- green element. Laterite with variable depth & Tropical semi- Lonavala, organic content,acidic in reaction ever-green iOiandala, ({•H less than 5)and deficient in sparsely Punol^ani, Ca, P c. K. inte mingled Mahabaleshwar with evergreei^ Kalsubal & •leaonts along Phonda ghat. ravines. V Partially disintegrated trap with Moist decl- Kerla cak^es, highly eroded shallow soils asrging duous with Malavali, into low lying contours having trans- sparse ported soil cover of variable depth, evergreen Kaaishet,K.atraJ soils acid to neuiral(pR 5-7)in elements in i-urandhar i'ort reaction. ravines. Sinhgad fort, lgatpuri,liadhf nagari,D«olalJ Light red to black soils with varia-Molst deol- l^.Poona,U'.Nas: ble depthkSoils neutral in reaction duous to W.K Satara, ' (pH 7 to 7,5). dry deci Sangli Dists. duous Kolhapur & Talegaon. Soils light red to deep black in Dry deci Pamet,Sirur, colour & of variable depth,Neutral duous to JeJurifJalna, to alkaline (pH 7 to 9).Soils low Scrub. Districts of in organic aatter but high in Ahasdnagar, exchangeable Ca. Sholapur,Dhu] usfflanabad,£« Sangli, E.Sut' fi.Poona. Soils black in colour reseabling Dry deci Distrists of the ehemosesis with variable depth duous to Buldhana,par & porosity;Neutral to alkaline in •oist deci bhani,Handed reaction (pH 7 to 8.5)nigh In duous with Yeotaal,Mr8 exchangeable Ca £>nd K. very sparse lllfardh£ifNagpv evergreen Bhandara,E. eleaents restricted Bhir,£.Aurai around water bad,£.Jal|ac courses. E.Osaanabad, 68
It will be seen front the above table that the local vegetation types are basically determined by Variations in respect of ecological^ ph^nologieal, j»opographlo, hydrographic and other factors. This equally applies to varltitlons in grass land types. These grassland types can, therefore, be * classified into weveu major types corresponding to seven ecological habitats characterized above.
Under each of these seven grassland types in the State still finor internal variations particularly in respect of local topography and hydi-ography often sakes it T>os»ible to differentiate minor or sub-tyi-ea for the pur^joH© of classifica tion, of local grasslands.
^lil) Saaple survey cf representative sites for botartlcal cheraeterizstion, In order to
During the ptrioS ftttn 1954 to 1959 the Indian Counoll of Agrlcultural Stseareh, New ihlhi bad orgaiseg *A11 India* Hapld PeGonnaleeanee mrvy of GrAmBltmjS^^0 Vtiis party, surveyed a fe^; repreeeatative sites ^n this $t^te whm the author jrepresented this state as a nekber of tbe above party for the local surreys of frasalaadac Oaring t^ls teaa vai^ field data on botanical conpositioflt of local graiMlands wao collected at about 31 ropiposentative locations represented as A in plate III-2. infonBation for addttioi^al 16 aitos (symbolised as -^ in plate III-2) fros Berar v^ere tbe aiiibor was not a mewber of the above tera, was later ^upplled by the leader of the above teaoi. (Sabadghav, i960).
In addition to the infonsatloa on these 47 sites, tbe author Independently conducted similar svrveys at 83 additloHal representative locations (symbolised as Q in plate III*2) during the period from 1969 to 1967.
Ck>nsolidi:ited data froli all tbose 130 (83-^47) locations has been summarized bei*o for tho purpose of gei^eral botaaieal characterization of loajor and minor grassland tprpes In this State, The nethodology adopted for all these 130 looations surveyed has been tbe one which bas been standardised by the I.C.A.R* according to g general design and methodology has been followed by thic author, Dowevor, dulng the arlriltlonal 83 sites surveyed Independencly by the author himself certain iai;|ior Biodifications were Introduced for thcsake of operational convenience for one- aan survey* ¥tae field procedure oonelsted of the follovdng steps: (A) ^Jotanical Coopositlon of grasses, (B)Plunt cover or density, (C) Forage production, (D) Plant vigour (E^ Plofit succession and (F) Soil* {A) Botanical Compogltlon tf grasses ; These studi es were undertaken in two stages j (1) Listing of species - All plant species occarlag In the area iftere listed lender the followlnf categories n^soly (a) Perennial grasses, (h) fpnnual grasses, fc) herbs? other than grassesa and, (d) shrubs and trees. Informetion on ehrubs and trees was useful for determination of associated recognized forest types. Specii^en* were collected for confirmation of the field identification and preparation of trass Ilorharium. (ii) Dotanioal coMposition x This was estimated by Line Transect Method. For this i^aethod about 0,4 hectare plot (80 x 80 paces) was taken for study. The plan of survey is ililustrated in the following diagram - A <5 0 \b 03 8 14 l« S 71 After fixing the base line AB^sampling was done on five naa^iiKii^' linos CD, EF, GH, IJ and KL at xlght angles to the base lln<^ AB. Tbe first line was taken at a distance of 8 paoes (one pace s 90 o&s approx) froa the starting point A on the Imae line AB* Subsequent lines >?e) e tekeu each at an Interval of i6 peaces so that the fifth line was situated at & paces front the end of tbe base AB, The observer spaced along each line keeping in view a distant object such as a' tree, it)Ck> fence-post or any ott^r distant point. Starting froa the baseline the observer recoztled data at every fourth step by putting closely on previously narked line on the right toe, 2 cms. a loop ^ diameter attached to a long irire shaft. If the loop enclosed living rooted part of grans species, a hit was considered to have been secured and the grass species on which the hit was secured was recorded in the write-up sheet. Alternatively it was considered as a aissed hit. In either cases the ex^ainer recorded a pencil dot on the write-up sheet for guiding the distance traversed. On eech transect line a s (B) Plant cover or density s Tbe cover ^gtim^tes were uiudfe by following the "square foot deaslt.v iaHhod" of Stewart ai»d hutchings* At every tenth e|;focl|;iTe hit a circle was drawn with a redius of 169,2 cms (5"-7,6S"^, The examiner viewed the vegetation from above and shifted the vegetation ffifaitally, to estimate the plant C(^ver quickly and ftirly accurately. The mental concepti<^n was bnsed on the pi-lnciple that in a well mtiintalned lawn the plant cover was ICO^, whereas a oospletely bare area represented the other extreme* These estliaates were made wherever possible on principal species or in two categories as perennial and annual or soiaetimes only a total plant cover is estimated as the situation demandeu. Usually the density was estimated from 10 circles* (C) Forage production j The already aa^iced density I circles were cut and different species were ii|reighed separately* Depending upon tbe aaturlty of the species approxisiate moisture percentage was attributed to indivii|lual species for calculating tbe dry matter. It was then clai^sified into palatable and non-palatable fractions* The ^&ta. when converted on the a»fe basis gave the amount 4f forage available* (D) Plant vigour : Records were taken on principal species located rlthlnifte ao*HB plot, on hdght, leaf length, length of seed stalk, No* of tillers, basal area an^ reproduction of species* 7 Q (®) Pl»nt •HCC»MloBt Pmgr«08lve and retrogressive stages in the grassland were studied by obsei-ving species that 2 were being ousted and those which replaced the ousted species. These studies» carried out on newly protected grasslands proTidod infoxnation on the progressive changes while those carried out on grasslands under active use gave information oi the retrogressive changes. These spot observations «i«ppl^iented by comparative examination of the floristic composition of the grasslands subjected to different degrees of disturbance enabled to constrtict wjzking inforuiation on sitcceusional c^(mgef in e grasslands type* ^or tiiis purpose relative fiequencies oi the local index species were taken for inferring the progresclvn or reeireaoiun &tGt/us of a given site. Field notes on the charaoteri:jtlcs of the soil were taken. Soil saaples upto 23 oss depth were taken for laboratory studies, fhese studies included such itesis ks colour, pE, soluble potash, phosphates, total soluble salts, water holding capacity and textural olassiflcation. The author followed the above proceduz^ in general in the survey carried out Independently by hla on 83 sites except for the following iBodiiications in minor details. The author walked in 2 to 3 directions in straight lines at raudoa i froB an imaginary base line over the selected site and recorded the data in his write up sheet for the purposes of 7 5 determining botanical composition. For plent covor (or density) and total yield 1 or 2 circular aroas of. 16P*2 cnsa, rndlus only could be teJcen without separating Individual speoies in most of the oases, Hooords on plant vigour were not taken. Soil cbaracteristlCB were noted but soil samples were not collfcctad lor laboratory studies. Only those grasses that could not be identified easily on the sites were collected for identification aid confinaation. On sites located in river beds, sea shores, ravines and rocky areas, grass species wore found scattered and isolated Iroa each other. In such oases 11 sting of species only had to foe done • In the light of thR data collected during the course of the above sanple surveys at 130 sites it Is possible to attempt a broad botanical characterisation, association and succession of the grasslands in each of the se^en ecological regions aentloned above. In presenting the data the botanloel associations of the respective groups of species have been listed very roughly according to their relative densities or order of doalnanoe. I Besides the obvervations of the present author the relevant references to earlier reports by other botanists have been cited. The actual sites or localities that were surveysu 75 have been indieatsd by trinonlnal r«f«rence nunbera detalla of which haTa baen listed below. In tlila trinomlnal the fiiBt nuBber repreaanta the ragloa, the aeooQd nunbar In bracket repreaanta the district and the thlr^ represanta the particular Tillage or site* If acre than one site was surveyed at the sane village the trlnonlal Is followed by symbols a, b, c, d etc, for the aub-sltas under the village. The trlnoMlals bearing a single asterisk have baen surveyed by the author as a nenber of the I«C,A,R, team; thoae bearing dojBible asterisks are based on the information supplied by the leader of the above team; while those not bearing any asterisk have baen surveyed independently by the author himself. 78 LIST OF LOCALITIISS SHOWIMO BfaQION.DISTHlCy ANp SITL NUMBEB (TlilMOiUAL): — legion I (1) Grtater Bombay j 1 Virar* 2 Bassl«n(papdl)» 3 Borirall, 4 Konarl oaTaa, 5 Aray ollk oolon^t 6 Vlhar laka, 7 Andh^ri, 6 Veraora, 9 Baadra, 10 Mahla, 11 Matimga, 12 warall* 13 liabalaxnl 14 ivwii 15 Chraal Road, 16 Malabar hill, 17 Byoulla 18 SloB, 19 Parol,20 Kurla, 21 Troabay, 22 Gtaatkopar, 23 Bhaadap, 24 Bombay lalaad* (2) Tbana. 25 Dahaau, 26 Palghar, 27 Vaakaa, Dabcbarl aooond allk colony, 28 Vangaon, Shroff*a Farm, 29 Botagaon eattla brooding faz«, 30 Palghar graas Brooding Station, 31 Natural Graaalaad noar Grasa Brooding Station, 32 Natural graaaland noar zl^la parlahad, Palghar, 33 Palmar Dry Stook pan, 34 Palghar Danar Bang, 38 Palghar P.S.35, 36 Okda foroat, 37 Wada ranga, 38 Wada t«ik, 39 Bhiraadl, 40 Mulogaon, 41 Tungar hlll(Baaaoln), 42 Daho forost, 43 Junga hill, 44 Mokhada rango, 45 Kalyan to Eaaara, 46 Thana, 47 Khard! Valtama catcbmont coupe No2,, 48 Paraik hill, Thana, 49 tanttm lako catehaont, ooupv No2. 7? (3) Kolabft SO Alibag, 51 Alibag saady shore, 62 Allbag Kanakeswar hill, 53 Mlbag watar wozka, 14 Uran, 65 ShrlTardhan, 86 Pan, 57 Pan hllla, 58 PanTal, 59ICharlaBd inraatlgatlon cantra, Paaval, 60 Naral, 61 Karjat rloe braadlag atatlon, 62 Karjat. (4) Batnaglrl. 67 Dapoll, 68 Dapoli to Khad, 69 Pal shot ((hihagar), 90 Guhagar, 71 Awashl, aoll oonaanratlon raaaaroh station, 73 Chlplun, 74 Daonikh,NlTa Bitdruk saad tarn, 75 llatnaglil* spot 15 alias on Chlplnn road, 76 Uatnaglrl, 77 Mango resaaroh station, Vangurla, 78 Yangurla, 79 Malyan. Raglon II* (3) Koli^a, 63 Uatharan iM>nkey point, 64 Matharan, narrlson's spring, 65 Matharan Lousla point, 66 Matharan foot. (4) Ratnaglrl 72 ParsaraB(Chlplnn hill) (lO)Satara 214 Mababakashwar to Pratapgad, 215 Pratapgad fort, 216 Haroshl P.S. 7 ooupa 29« 78 R (lO)Satara. 209 Xiababale8bwar(lt*swar), 210 M'swar Ling nala, 211 M'swar, Fltzerald ghat, 212 M'swar lake, 213 M'swar to Panchagani, 217 Wilson point, M'swar, 218 Go^baok land M'swar, 219 Fanohagani, Sydney point, 220 Table land I, 7B 221 Table land ll, 222 Table land III, Panohagaal, 223 Panchagani alopas, 224, Paaamieha 6hlit| Panahagcnl, 225, Panobagani, 226 Koynanagar* (l3)Kolhapur, 839 Ajra, 240 Radbanagarl, Kan)irar khind. Region IV (5) Naalk 62 Llna bill, 84 Igatpnrl, 86 Dj^dtagar falls Igatpnrl, 86 Deolall, (9) Poona. 143 Bowden hill, 144 Lotaagad top, 145 Lobagad foot, 146 Lobagad balf way up, 147 Malarall, 148 MalaTltll, Karl a oayea, 149 Malayan, Indrayaal rirer banka, ISO Kamlibet, 157 KatraJ tank, 158 Kc^traj vlllaga, 159 Katraj tunnel ravine, 160 KatraJ hill top, 161 KatraJ ghat North slope, 162 KatraJ ghat. South •lope, 163 Sblvnerl fort, 164 Junnar, 165 Chakan, 166 Slhagad, 200 DlTB ghat, 201 Puraadhar fort, 202 Puraadbar foot, 203 Pu]i:«ndhar,Balrawadl, 201 Pnraadbar fort Blna gate, 205 Vasirgad fort on slopes, 206 Bottle bill spar, Vaslrgad. Heglon V (5) Kaslk* 87 Nlphad, 88 Jaagaon kuran, 89 Panganradl cutting kuran, 90 Ankal bill, 93 Chandwad kllla, kuran, 94 SangaaXer tar coapound kuran, 96 Plapalgaon. 80 (6) Dhttlia 96 Chans«ll to Otaadgaon, 97 Cbnasali to Dhadgaon hill N.slopo, 98 ^oranaal (9) Poena 151 Babad obol, Vadgaon grassland, /l52 Talogaon, 153 Nlgadl Tlllago Talogaon, 154 Ihduri Tlllago, Talegaon, 156 Vadgaon ooupe No*l, Talegaon, 156 ^a^Ag9ion Coupe No2, Talegaon, 167 Paud, 168 Vithalwadl epot 116, Paud, 169 Malkl area ii.N«225, Pand, 170 T.S.F.Bhukuv, Pand, 171 Rajgad, 172 Kondanpur, 173 Hlrdosh, 174 Naarapur, 175 Korla, 176 Dhond river, 177 Bhor T«$,F, grassland, 179 Ralreswar, 180 Baneewar, 181 ^faaturslnghl hill, 182 Vetal hill, 183 Maval, 184 Manjri, 185 Kizfcee, 186 Klxicee-Poona railway line, 187 Vithklwadl, 188 Padna- Tatl, 189 Lav College Poona, 190 Fergusson college,Poona, 191 N.D«A* Bllltary bill pasture, Pashaa, 192 Sheep breeding far«, Poona, 193 Sheep breeding fam, Pashan, 194 Pashan tank, 195 Kothrud grassland near Wandrekar's fara, 196 Poona, 197 Kaisubai Hill, 198 Aabada, 199 Jadhar wadi f.StFtSaswad* (10) Satara. 227 Wal, 228 Satara, 229 Dlra ghat, Satara, 280 Patan, 231 Koregaon, chlaaagaon, ooupe No«,8. 8] (11) Sangll 233 MofijeDlgraJ Govt, Karaa. (13) Kolhapur 238 Kolhapur, 241 Panoh ganga rlyar bank, 242 Gadhlnglaj, 243 Ajsi'il eolloge,Kolhapur« Region VI (5) yaglk 91 Maaaad, 92 Savargaon (6) Dhulla 99 Lalllng kuran, 100 Hadal kuran, 101 Dhulla, 102 Nandurbar, 103 Nardhana, 104 Pedka kuran, 106 Amalner (Borl rlTar). (7) Jalgaon 106 TMala Tlllag«(Taptl hank), 107 Bor Ylllage, 108 Antroll, 109 Nandgaon, 110 Dantgaon, (8) Ahaednagar 113 Arangaon, 114 Rahuri, 115 Ahaednagar, 116 Pamer (Narayangavan soil conservation area). ^9) Poona 207 Slrur, 208 Bhlathadl. (lO)Satara 232 Mann, (l2)Sholapur 234 Sholapur, 235 Malslras, 236 Mahud sheep breeding fans, 237 Jeur. 83 (14) Auraagabad 244 Kannad, 245 aaiaal, 247 Anrangabad Dist. 246 Ajaatha, 249 Daulatabad, (16) Ogmanabad. 256 Oamabad to Sholapur road Region VII (7)Jalga#n 111 Bhuaaval(Taptlbank), 112 Muravat (Taptl bank) (14)Anraii|jsabad 246 G.T«C*Jalna. (16) Parbhanl 250 Isapnr Fanana(rangoll), 251 Hlngoll, (16) Bhlr 253 Sakud kay Tillaga unit graasland, 253 Sakud graaslaad around T»S.F. (17) Nanded NIL (18) Oaaahabad 264 Latur railway atatlon, 855 Udglr key Milage oentre graaaland, (19) Buldhana Nil (20) Akola 257 Borgaon graas bhlr, 255 Borgaon dairy fara reaerre, 259 Borgaon fodder reaerre* 8S (21) Amraotl 260 Pohora grass resoire, 261 Whhora Govt, dairy FBrm, 262 Wadeli Grass Reserve, 263 Chirodl Coupe No•2. (28)YeotBal 264 Kerel K«on,265 Umarda CoiBpt*No«249, 266 Bhoyar Village grasing area, 267 Bhoyar loir lying area. (23) Wardha 268 LabadeTi gtmma Vhir, 269 Plprl grassland, 270 CoBuseroe College Conpound, 271 Danapur Range, 272 Ctaaadanl grassland, 273 Kunbhioha natha, 274 Pulgaon Bilitary area. (24) Nagpur 275 Seninary hill forest, 276 Berapur pasture area, 277 Uaver village grsEing area, 278 Anbazari tank oatetaaent, 279 Deolapur range, 280 Butl borl forest area. (25) Miandara 261 Yenganga river forest, 282 Bodma village grazing area, 263 Koka F.S*24-CT~174 (26) Chanda NIL. (iii)(b) Sample survey data for 180 representative sites suryeyed. Survey data on soil^ botanical coaposition of grassos, associated legumes, herbs and arboreal indoA species, relative frequencies of aajor grasses and their aggregate percentage area covered and estinated forage yield per unit area have been presented in table III-2 below for 130 representative sites* Table II1-2 Saaple Bunrey of grasslanda Sr. a* Looality No, Location tnnoaial 65 (liofrion-Dipt,- Gr-ss/in order VI1lag©) 0, Latitudes: H of d. Longitudes:£ dominance «• Altitudes: Mtrs. f. U&lnfall: Cns. Soil Grassland type :Major/ Minor: References In table III-3 h General remarks 1, Date of site observations* •1, a«Aarey klilk Colony Deep Theaeda triBndra,Bothriochloa area,Bonbay black pertusa, Ischaemua arlsiatuB* b.(l.(l)-6) 4-79J HeteropBgon contortus,lBChaeBun slope. aeroisapgltaturn, Ischa«wma rugosum c.l9**-19» d,72**-40' Theaeda quadrivalvis*Pseudanthistiria e»80 SI, f«250 cffis, uabellata. panioua sp» Eragrostls sp." 'Aplude mutica, Digitaria aargjnata, g.l/c/iii CapillipediuB fillculme h.Tbe grnssland is c»*t Kfor hay annually. 1.23-12-56 2« o.VankaSfDabohari Medium Themeda trJandra* T.oyabaria^ Tt Second Milk Colony to quadrlval vi a, {'seudanthistlria, Bombay ' poor heteroolita. Polytoca barbatlT, 4-5^ Coix lachryaallobi, Dichanthiua b.(l-(l)-5) slope. caricosuB, Ischaasua arlstatua. o, 19®-19» d.72 -40» I.mgOBUB* leelleaa wightii. e* 30 B. f.250 cms* g. l/o/iii ta* About 1600 ncrea of land with varying depthsf of soil. i* 20*10.61 8 Table II1-2 at repreaentative altea. Botanical asaooit^tions Relatlye Relative Estlaated frequencies coveriJge yield Forage Arbo of iBoJor under all kilos/ Kerbs real •X grasses r< sse.s. hectare* area* 8 9 10 Atylosia sp.Crotalaria Tecton!a Desaodinia grandis , Cassia tore Tenaiaalie ^^m^'^,, E„phorbia toaentoaa. Alyslc^rpus },^^i^/' Bombax oelba Bsbiiea officinalis sp. rtcacia ^ fephrosla oateoktt. purpuria cayara Dewiodiua Leucas Butea I.wightii 60 30 2000 diffusum, aspera, •onosperaa 'T.trlandralS Alysicarpus Euphorbia Teotona ^Y.cyabaria 10 nigosum, hi ft a, *" grand!s, I^arista- Saithia gyperus Zisyphns *" turn 10 sensltiva xotvaAvs •anratiana Non-grass 6 100 1 S, •• TaagaeiiiSliri lf««i«i Sknff *• «••» u •• 19 -«• d.ta -40» •• Sa M. f.aOO ens g. I/C?/11 h» Pairly pr»t«et«d gmsslaRds i. aO«10.61 4. •• Qraaslaad soil p 6 9 10 »«oo Mt«niat« T55" 80 so 1780 10 »rf ftm 10 "155" «0 80 1600 ao If •p* l&SL ssSSSwBSsS ao 18 ro.il so 20 [irM[«i»»ti» w>, S n.a. wightii. Pi«ii«tiaiMi 80 1 «. i/c/i, b.Plat basin at of hill rBBge* Ba««iT» grassland. 1.21.11.56. •S.a.Diy stn^ fain Madina Isailsyt wlgiiUi. pinhantliina •pot 2.Pnlghar, Maok, aamilsttoii. Dooarloown, Bo«te]r,Thana. sell Amndtnolla'Vwlliu t.(i-(a).33.) -Jj;^ 0*19 -40* <.T8 -4o* of o.SO •• f.259 ens.oAelnn g.l/c/l. noinlos. h.Tha site was disked year after yoar. i.21«12.56 ••••^Danar baas,Pal« - IscliaoiwMi artatatMi.Isollana S>k«r. lMBMi.Pl<»baiitBtiBi MMralatnn . b.(X-(2)-S4) •IwfftMHMM P.oarloogwi o.SO II. f.250 k.ms is out eaeb yoar. 1. 21.12.6« •lO.a.Palllnc sertes isonawsMi arlstatiMi._ n ^ehina 25 N.flii spMatbifiorwiu iksobfc^— »ssfr b«(l.(2)-35) sagMiwt»."Tboaona gnagif^Tis. 0.19^-40* d.72®-40» Armidinolla imnila. Er^^rostis 0.120 a. f.260 ona< iikloCTiSii. Ps^dantbistfria f.l/c/lT. 5 bispidia. b.Polled in 19i5 1.21 •12.56 83 8 10 l)»gMo4im Ci»i«X»gi> ••»»• Am grass ««• Mt T800 lux—i»s »F« Orpi»l»rla f>«t»a« 8000 •p. *wil». to«»at0«a7 •p. I>art«tAtwi 78 4000 mfs ^ffig •P- 2 a §.«>ytlm>ta 1 liiri»r loo Crttt>l»rl> •P« •p, craaAli •p. rpL E !! IT ^1 2 K ^ . <^ll*a.Yaitania Catob- Madim I>eto«M »rtg»fttwi. ttitiB»4» triandra \ •ant araa,C*upa Daap P»OTid«t¥i(itirt« imb»llata» SO•2, Kharti, 4-7% p. btsplf < Aplu'da art»t»t>. Tbana* Slopa. Gapllllnadlm fllieulia. AnmCtif 11a sp« *.(l-(2)-47) gragroatlg ap. 0.19^-30» d,73*-10» a«180 M, f«300 e»s* f.l/c/lli h.Baaarra Foraat araa with traa eaaopy 80% & no grazing allowed* ia9»12-56 *12*a«Taa8a lake, Oaiic laohaanan aristatma.Thanada triandra. eaidlinant araa gragr Hataropoaon oo ntert&Mi>H>ritoiial. (Coupa No»2) brown BathrioeSXcTa InmtaaanaT Pi^anthiim Khardi* pH 6 anaulatan. Eraaroatia ap« b(l.(2M») ^ PaandaatMatlria hiaplda> P,iwballata« •.1»®-S0» d.78 -10 Capilllpadiw IWEaJtiiu Aplnda ailatatoa. d»180 M« f«818 ema« ga/c/iT h«0raa8 ia undar ttaa taak e«iopy«ffia taak waa fallad in 1984-56- i«»>-12-1986 13«a.Alibag,Sea-8hore Sandy Spinlfex «qnaroaua%BiraElt>atia a o natraiia. cnrya<»pego«-^nai eoia tna. o«18 -38*,4.72 -48» Inparata oylindijaa* • •6^ •• f«850 «BB* f.lAf li«Site ia aai^y eoaatal 8hore« 14.a«Riei«24ai.8Sa fiel.d near So^^ Piplfelma PMfM, iragraatia poaiaidew. - eraak.PaiiTel. 40*80 g«eilianaaaia>Spoya>oltt» liMarnapatanna. b.(X-(3)-58) ma* S»BialTolua,«MBEMPM laaaloia gloaajia. ^ q.l8**-66»,d,72**-58» Oplinenna bnwaanii. Eacbjnoalilaa aalanm • •9 f*250 ona« Paapalun Taginatu«>Iacli—IM« atlinre. «.iA Coi» laohrya-jobi^ h.Tha aita ia near PanTel on Pen road. i.24.11^62. 9i 6 T 8 9 10 Atyle«l« Cr»»»l»iia f—t»at> l^mrimttPm M I6.06 l>tifojLi>7 Br»|tr>«tjk« sp* 1 »wi»»p»ya.H.opatorttt» 1 46 ao.ts - 34 s^^^. ^^„. i.-r*,T*!r» ^! ilBcioria, gg^^; 100 olflei«alia« Cwtftlarla Ipoaaa Arlt—nia ^^ rSSg AcyiWa ap«%«««.* afcJMita Cyii^gna faretolia iirtiea «- Ci:»taiwda,L0Mlla Aaaaagjiwi taeijlaatala •ailaiMatT alylnoiiaa IS.a.KtiarlaQd IaT«sti-> Salt Alaoroptta ropana, Blgltaria gaiiOB eentr*, land. •aritinata« Paetyloataaittw FaarelfCKolaba aagyptiaoiia. Panloini p^ladOOTni. b.(T-(S)~69) Seiarta giaitca» ••8 U f,250 CB8» li«8V«cieB r«port«d b«M w«re found fVOwlBg on the bund loeated in the Kh«rlead( Sal t->land) araa. 1.26-11-62. 16«a.KarJat nieo Daap lacbaaiMM aantapaal. I .ariatatna, Dreading Para, blaok. l.yugoaiar. TaaaiNEirirlahdra. Kolaba. Hataippo^w oootortag,Aimtdtaal la b.(l-(3)-«l) •ataii: filicliarfta •tfyjiaata. c.l8**-.54» d.T3**-12« a«24 M. f.250 oaa, b« araa protacted. 1. a5.ll.62 17.a.Slta at tha foot Raddlah glytrophorua apieaiua, Arwndlnalla of lfatheraa«, Broaa. aatailj Hataropogon qantortoa. naar Naral. 30-60 Thaaada trla^ra^ b.(lI-(8)-66). I* c.l8**-58» d.73®-6 daap •loaa a.35 M. f.250 cBa.5-^ «.Il/a li.araa improtaetad. 1.25 .11.1962, IS.a.Slta near Oapoll Poor Hatoropogon ooatortaa. Paaajtaathiati' on Dapoll Kbad latari- rla, « botarooltta. Bothriochloa |{aad,£lpot No.l tlo partnya. MicroafSliua apa. b.(I-(4)-68) •oft porena c.l7**-48/»d.T3**-0» 409( a.120 a. f.260 eaa, ' alopa. g.l/a/11, b.Graaslaad opaa for gracing all rouad tba yaar. i. 19-10.66 DS 6 8 10 Crotalaria Lob«Ilft Avi«tRia •00 SalUi* l»lt»B Car^iaia eon fart a. ilTarlaata m iatflaa. Thaapaaia papuinaa* I.fimtapaiii ao 80 8000 pita wtpiiwf • paaianlatai T^aSrsS^ 10 ragaowK. fcaaawa i«mMMMHa IS paa»a€laa aapara. z • MPJiaaiwa ao trtqa^wtii. g.eoaioriaa IS A.aat8ii s trifoUatat b«Barciaata s SBithia 01 19»««Spet Mo.a,B«poli 9liall«w Iach»—MM rlghi«t, I.»—1—at»»>ti»u to Xli«« iioa*, IfctTttlo l>eill»rt« BotiirloihIia"p»rtii«> b.(l-(4)-«8«) ••** 0.1T®-43* «.73**-0» ••120 M. t»25n ems. h.Tbia site vat dlatnxikttd by plowing Iftst y«&r Sit* l*eat»d on road tide, 1.10-10-6C. IK).••Spot iro«3,]^poli Boidcy I»cii><»B« •wnigaglttatna. Mtt>lgtt»ri» to Kli^d Boad, wltli •arainata. Bethri^loa parttt^^. b (l~(4)-6Sb) lat«rl- Mloio^tiaiMi ellJat—, o . „«o tie ••17 .43* d^73 -0* Mil, ••120 M« f«260 ema, g,lA/ii b.Soil appears to ba^^ b^tn plongb«d last y^ar^Protacted to soaia •xtettt^ 1.19-10-66^ 21 •••On tba vay to Latari- fseadanthistlrla bot«rocllta. Palsb^t, Spot tie iatoropogon oontortP«,Theg8»d'a »©•!• ^ porous trlandra,K?lerostssiua olliatw b.(l-(4 -e9) t 30 ens. e.l7**.a5» d^73 -5« ***^' ••8 U, Istift f^275 ••••g.l/s/ii b»Ext«aslT^ grass- l&ad seoss to b»^ without protsott«a. i,18-10-66« 22•••(>« the way to 8ji slops rseudantblstirls hat^roelita. Palsbot Spot r»ddlsb. Iscb&OKua iritebioi. Mo.2. lat^rl- b.(l-(4).«0a) tle o o •hallow* ••17 -23* d.73 -5* • •8 !!• f«2f6 eas • g.lA/11* b»Ar»a ••«si« pv»t»- ot^d. 1.18-10.l^OO. 9 « « 9 Id If 10 Alyloarpm Canaeora rugotutf dlffg—« Si -te- 80 20 500 lATEiJia-ta Tmxm ttataa i Arthraatoa mv* 8 I.cinara _6 -do- -4a- £i5Sfi P.hataraaXlta JO M 1500 I.cottWEia 'to Maayl»rMaMl- a ?»trlfen4ra 10 Indica. M.eiliat«££ » -.j10 ^ —<|Ow -do- p.katavaellta 00 30 I.rii^ai ^ 1600 JL^ ^ 8 3^^ * 2S,a.0n the way to Palshst Doap lachaetRiM arlBtatq«,I,eillara, Spat No,8, raddieh AnmdineTla Betgll, 1l.(l-(4)-«tao) blacK. 4.8 h, f«275 eas. f.lA/i b.Slta tk ±9 around the rlea fiald. Protactad area. 1.18a0.19e6. S4«a.Taluka Saad Pam, BlaeKich laehammd arlatatwi. Tula^iat, 60 «*«* Ea-iaroWRfta ^ ^ ^6 6 7 0 •«.!<>. De«odinM Selrpad giytliriaa I^arlgtatw SO SO SOOO triQu»t3ra». »»pioM», T»rl»Kata. f,eiii«% 10 lnaiM.ot9vS. Juaala Tammalfa T.—tali. 10 tritollata, aaffrntlcosa paaicttleta.'' "~~~~* a-. I,Mr»aia7 Cypanig pSSitlaa «4o- -do- -«•- i*«£Lfl2ltt 9^ 80 2500 Othars 10 crolalaria Baagia liamltaim r.fcafga^lU TO SO 8000 dif^lla. ap. iiow>apawia,l»coit»oirtif 8 Cyparna AXkmnAXnm Moa-graaa 2 12 3 aT.a.raraiimm Bill 80K ti»Ur»^»goa » ta.Opaii for gaaeral graslBf, i«18-lt.64 28.A.Taliika Saad Shallow PseudaatJilatirla hatoroalita. Fam^Ifive Budruk iatari- lachaaaw ailAara.^ataropoKon Daorimkb Talaka tio contortaa* b(I-(4M4) aummy, c ,17^-0 • d.T3**-30« a.lO M. f«240 ems. f.Il/b b.Tba alto la out- /j aiX« tha pina- apple plot.Soil dlatmbai. i.18-12-64 29«a«Spot 9 Kia*fron 8^ PgeBdapthi»tiri.a heteroclltte Rataaglrl an «lopa Iscbawrok semAjiM^ittattta^ Chiplaa road. Sballow, Hetaropogen oontortttg, i^gaoda b.(l-U)-.76) latari- trlandra . e.l«^-5S* d.73®-8» ^^^ a.8 M. f,250 cs.""*'™^' h«The cropping on thla sita was Hagli first year, Vari second yaar,Kodra tbird yaar,Tll foarth year & tban fallow for 5 to 10 years* 1.19.12.64 SO.a.MflUttgo Roaaareb Laval aataropogoa ooatortgajgragroetls StationyTMKgurla land, tmiloidas,Tscbaaana eUlara, b.(I-(4)-.77) raddiab,pt^t^rta •arglaata. c.l5'*-4«« d,73**-28» l«*«rt- —^ » a«8 M. f.280 oaa.tic g.Il/b, poroua b.Protectad site soil for past 4-5 years. i.a0-12.§4. 9B 6 ft • iMn 11 aoo P»«»oAiiUi 20 200 fis Caatftiwi Y.»lllTW 16 ••iTiy3.»7w»«"aiperi:l«a« 16 Pii«>»ola« Llndcrlmi rallatug ap. t%n Cmitaiirliai Calophyll coo tttlB 10 ixinn a»p«rrl«a« H^ywt^rtmj 10 indlouM PoogaBBJa 100 pinneittT Tbe«|««ia H««2itorta£ 90 50 1000 ££S5ISS£« otbers. 10 Cssuartna 155" •p. oqnl8»tijffcill& SSfS11i a *31.1falkl Grass Re««nrc 4*7 % Theaedn trle'ndrg, Cyabopogon ••Yrlaba]i«sliwar,Na«ik slop* BRrtinll, DicfaknThlup anntTW iuw Dist. telero8teglPM ell 1 fttwmTPioh'^nthTtta b.(riI-(6)-8l) annalatttrj, D.coriopsum.Iistsropogon C.19 -58» «,T3®-21' contortos.l^thrloolisla psrtasa 7 • •750 U, f,375 cias. B,ddorat _^6 7 8 10 Crotalcrla Tcialiaflla V.olUatiw 22 90% •p. toaeatoiiar ?.trtap<|ra 18 Acacia 10 mh arablce, i>,carl Alyalcar Argawoaa A«adAr«ehta P^earieowMi 40 50 pua •aatieaaa. i« Alyalearpaa laphortia AlMazla C.aartinli «0 50 3000 rugoaai, no thjana, labbalt 2i«carieoaun 38 Yephroala Phyllantfaus ¥«neryo8u» 8 pnrparaa nlntri im. ladlaafara Tridax Hartylalcla H^laajgata 17 36 l anaoloia, procuadiaaa fctaata, D«annala?Mw 4 f »1 i ai loTTa. JBIuiiaa Aicacig sTaarvoatttt 3 T.oordifo- o«y *S0«a.8«v»rg«OB tp^t Srwiepogoa tor99latna«Sahiaa lio«2,Uatiaad narvoaua, Bbthrlochlog pertuaa, tselleaa la3n>M«titiry»oposQtt l).(VT-(5W92a) roontrtoua, Andropogon pttMllua, 0.30*^-10 • d.T4®-16» 3ristlda rodacta. e.250 M -SOO U f.25*30 CMfi. h.Site adjoining to site at Sr, NQ.SX aboT« S op«n for grazing all the yoar. 1.27.12.S6 30. a.(aiandwad Kllla Hill CtiryaQfo^on tontanns, SoMaa kttnuiy£«Naaik •lope narvoauiB, Piohanthiaa anaulatua, CivlBion, 309f p,carico^Bma, liet eropogon ooptortua, Andropogon ^twlliJis, b.(V-(5)-.93) Bothrlocdaloa pertusat Arlatida c,£0**-0» d,73^-45» •p. e.7Cf. U* f.lOO caisc g,V/b/ii. ^^ h.Sita 2$ KM fzoa Naaik on Dbulia Boad. Protected for 2 yaara, i.23,11.59. ST.a.SangasiBar Tar Medina Dicbanthiua caricosuigtSehiaw CoMBOttnd,[.«Ma8ik. blade neITOtmc,Theacd:* triaadra, b.(V-T5)-«4) jinJHdineli' a niggl3a7 Cyabepogen lairtinli, Aplnda c. 2()**-0» d.73**-45« e. 260 M f.lOC cm» •aria. r. v/a, !!• Site sorrouaded on 3 sides by aomitain raneea.Area 33 heetarea fairly protected. i. 22-11-1953. *3d«a«Lalliag Kuraa Sebiaa nervogaw,8«aulcatna» Spot No.1,Dbulia. Cyabo|iQg>B aartin^i i, lieteropogon *>. _ 5 6 § .^. . . d 10 B»f»rt»Iatin 46 S*««tv«iaiui 10 indlgoitTft Argeaoqe l.Partifa^ • COrdifolia. aixTeana. T.laxtm A.a«MilM» Xri»U#ft gp. Otiiara 3M: Crotalaria Polygata Hardwleie- ao 580 fillT>«0 « eMtBMiais la c^aontaBia 1ft Alyslcarpaa A rgMmiia binn&ta* Ariatlda i^, 10 •agmaiia. •iizieaaa, Albiszia S.narroaus 10 Solanua labback* l^.antiuiatua • Xanthaea^ D.earleema ft rpun A.puailtia 1ft Otbe rs m8 Alysiaai-pMs Trldaac Bataa P.aarAaogaa ftO 35 2000 tatraj|onolo~prDOttKbana, Veraonla Albjggla f,trlaa4ra. 10 Indigofcra einerta. Icbbak, Otbars, landuloaa, •eaodlm laocortU,oaa laxiflonui Indlgitfara sida Hbaa D»aminlaiiMi 80 57.6 lyaaranaia, c'^Mwataiia* 16 I.ceyd||i^lia,Sola«ua. S.parvoaiMi 14 Alyaiaaypaa xaatbaea- Lfayaalateia il ma^ Hardwjakla T,t»iittidra 4 biaaataT^ R«eoatortaa 18 »Pf aia#*Illa Hayl< X.patiua 8 aarrata, A«art«ta»a g^ latttl Adlftlfe arabiea 100 •oiwapanaa 3 *99.a,l.alliBg Knraa sit* fOT^olatuj. H»tyrepo«oa ewttortuo, 1i.(VI-(6)-99«) 75^ ropogoa pmil !«• • Ari • il 8» fiiafcu- c. aO^-6S» d.74®-S5» lata. • •800 M* f .50 cas. b.Sit« adjftoent to •lie at Sr«(?o«36 i. 28-12-56 •40,ft.Ii«lling Ktirao Site HotoroiK>Koa etmto rtug^ Paoadiw No .a. itii»iigS kiwiia^ tuiiag— b. il^a.Lalliag Kuran F^S« Hotoropogoa eoatortaa, Sahlaa XXII A XXIII»ir^ •lopa, aaryoaaaV .6 T 8 9 10 i.atsspi 40 — — B#fgy»ol»fai> SO A.jgUjI^LlM 6 "" lOO twal* TrtdM fnAaalf H,y€Hi$»rtif 21 99.26 ,H^' '" ---"" -'-•' - 10 otli#rs d_ 100 AiKtitmt H»yiwielii» H, fty> mgiwl»l« muctmi9iklm A^tmimiMUL 40 16 250 ••glaalit Bwl^wly ^^M. 10 Otli«rc* 6, 100 ^ «. - - -J 4. • w* \w/ * ''^ poor tvw—lmimm* 9^lkim mmpt^wm ••80 -83* «.74 -SO* H ••800 If. f•50 <»•• «ie- C.Tl/b, ?•• li.OraMi It ettt •aeb ^••r. Pro t toted troB 19S8. i.a4.U.50. •••NmriQrwicavm ii«y»»po»oa •oatagaa.BptfcrAfofcli Tillag«tP&TB«r •rta»a« tf»t»r»»oit«a ooatfrtB*, (Simr Talvka, •a hill hejlatid a faatwilalaro«»eil< AlUMidaacar Sift). •lep«« Boyloaaa.' • soblaaiiitToaaa, b.(YI-(8)-116) A poor at foot ••10 -0» d,74 -18» ••500 !!• f.SO-35 of hlllo. li.Slto la 800 ka, •atoiwoat of Shoo •hap«d araa* 1. 18-10-1080. 45,a^]aiaBdalaiWay to llodioa Xaelia«ia rit«feiiotoiii»l: , Tlww^da trl»adra« Kuaa Ulaaloa, to Aploda rii^Sr k.(lll>(a)-180) poor l9iA»mnm elllaro. e.18^-48* d.74®-12» roddlali i««)0 M. f^800 ow. 5 to 8i 5»IIl/b/ii alopo. li^UB»rot««t«d, i«21-ia-81 48 • a .Kliaadala t Ktno IftdiaaaiwH rtt^la^, j^dlplqipyifa MiaaioB strMM BoWtii»ohl»a knataaaaa^ Bod, »•< ^^ £-===St ^•(111-9-181) ••18*-48* «*74®-12' ••800 M, f*800 t.iiiA/i h,6raaa^a are growiaf Boatt«red ia riTvr bod whioli ia praotioa- ll7 di7« i. 81-12-81. TO? ^fc^^^j^g^j^^ •0 ijooo lt»fc»t—. •lgiaol<»». •rmm ISO. ^i£ 1© — 'im:j.Jt: namta •«gi«ia.ti7^ OH-£&* #t«lllgT> Loaarala, Hy r«d caa *50«a.Iadraai SiTar Baak Daap Botbrloohloa odorata. fttobaatbiaa lialyali, aatteowMi. ArtaadJJariaaapaiaaaia. ^•(lI-(»)-149). PaaaAaatbiatiria faiapidar&afroatia iataiiwipta. gutgyoatiailanafarta oa8®-46» d.T4®-n» aieroatagu *a*eOO M* f*878 caa. g.IIlA/i h*Sita at lov lyiag araa. Graaa ia aaad for rabbiag rloe fialda. i«is-ia-se :^# J jLin. Ill Mil B«M»tort«i8 50 lOJt 600 It* 80 •m f—tyjfa 00 •«ita, ST" gl»m»»»ta Awraoi 42,6 2 Sl«««Ba%«d (Hiel Tllla. Mil g« ftravsliuid near 25-80 •adffton OB Poona «••« BMibay aoai«8pet 4««p No a. wlik b*(Y-(«)-151) 5ji ope< o.l8%41* d.7a®-80» ••600 M. f.l50 eao. h.40 lia.of hilly grassland.Proteotod for on0 year, i.e-12-eo 52.a. Babad Ohel Yilla~60 ooo* Dlebanthlnw annulat««».<^niibo|ogon ago grassland & aoro •artmi-iTHotoiypogon TOatortnsv^ q»ot No.2. doop Androi>og 9 • site 10 1000 TtmimAiftm mem M 2BBSSSBSSK i Innlfolf AlyigWfPW Mills Att»yl> amtaXataa 88 40 2400 aMtfrtinil 30 lyffcif SmQIa ,aiMiterta'a 15 ~ laatfia ^^mp 10 Sal>ro«a. —pei-a eriiul ata 10 Paoralja" ^ W^ ft Ciotaiajga^ OrtaMatjij^r MLama_»^ IMlpyaim f^aaryoaaa ftO SO 1000 Pobiaai^ Palloiai a p«aa>ial«wa . 18 wighttaala. wightlaaa H>oaa|artea 18 r.trtittttatea 8. X»it#aa 8 Cgatalaria titteac Baawllla H.awntartaa 60 90 500 liaiKtia^ fgnglta iggg, A.i5iiHa 18 *— * l,alri«aa 8 155" 3 wol ir«ar VaUgAcm b.(T.(9)-151d), ra< e,ie*-41* tf.73®-30« AadropoMOB Bwaila•• • •600 M, f.150 onfl, «.•/*/! li,Tb« site la oo 1«T«1 OB ih9 step «lill« going up the slope.Prote- oted for oae year. l.«-ia-60. 86,a»S(pot No.e^fiabad 60 eBo.^bopo|OB •Brgtali.Hotfytpoiott OoolyNear doop gon»orta>T inqiaBtmMi mmaimm, •odgooB. brown. ThOMOda trJaBdra. b(V-(9)-151o) 0.18®-.41» d,73**-^o: 0««0C M* f .150 cias. g.vA/1 h.Tho site Is leTel and is on the top of the hlll.Prote- oted for OBO year. 1.6 -12-60 ST.a.Nlgadl gr«s6>land Shalloir Hot^ropogoB oontogtoa. ABdropogon 4.34 KB.frots poor yaiAlBS. graoll»a WoyUaaa, Talogaon. soil. LopiiopogoB tn4»atat«a« Aristlda |i.(V-(5)-153) reSacla: X.TSnicolata. 0.18^-40» d.73^-35• • .700 11. i.150 cms, g.fyn/ll h«I7Bprotooted hilly area. 1.15-ll-r66. 58.a.Indurl Fam 6.6 ModiMB BotoroBogoa ooatortw. ffwaoda Ka.froB Talegaea. to h.(V-(9)-154) poor ^HauryopoKOtt Bdatanns. Tbrt^pogon 0.18^-40* d.73*-35» wltb ol^Mma. [rostia aiBlloid—. O.700 If. f.150 OBs,• slope I ealata. AadropogOB g.vA/ii piMillMS. ArthraxoB Beoholdil. h.S4 Ha.grassland HeteropogoB oapntortua* belonging to Cadbury Piy (^0., Pro tooted for one year. 1.15-11-66. 113 ^9^ fjo" X« 9* I.ll»i^lf S Alyl—ypaa !!*<»• Aft—til C*»MrtA«ii TO 40 2400 dilT p—f«ii> 100 eorjlifolia ii41yg»»m Trt<«t H.oentfytna to 905( 10 xnxn 15S ers 10 L«i«w««a •X»l«oyte»« A Alyl for eottlag only. Locatod on hill. 1.11-12-66. *60«a.TalegaoB Vadgaon Qtrysopogon POP taou s, Sehia a nTvoaaa. ^oupe No»2. (JiyBiBOpogoBaogbai aartlalia , Pawrtaathtatirla b.(V-(a)-15«) aiapiflo.Jfc^^^— Tlua a arirttaaaOTOiiaalia ©as -41» d.T3. o -S0» aetoaa. Hot^ropegea eaatortua. o.tOO nil f.lOO oa«« g,V/b/il h.Slte at top of the aboTo hill iai-12.56 gl«a«Aroa near KatraJ Soil Bo^rlodola toderata. Eulatla Taak about •ryoat^a. ischaeaua ai^atatua. b*(lV-(9}.157) 60 oaa. Theaeda triaadra. Plohaathlaa •BBaia^aa. ATOBrtfllBsii» eixtata ^ o.l8**-2S» d.73'*-42» ***^' ••690 M. f.90 OBO, Faaadanthlatlria biapida. g.iv/a h.'i^o grass la eat «ach year & sold. It Is protected for th« last 10-12 years. i^aO -10-67 1 1 " 5 10 S.7 fella. F,liispida M»eill»tttM Crot&lbTla Fttllcarl a Laanoa C.ttontaaaa S3 62.42 - niipaa. WlKhtlaBa. oorp«aod»-*"8 »iiarro au« «T 11»»^ gaiartlaii 26 iorilidlla. linlfolla. y.piaplda f lafiiia X.artatata 6 A. aat0»» 1 H>ooatortea Crotalaria Cyathocliae Maoitlfara B^odarata 18 90% 3000 •yaorenal?, fmypwraa. ladica, ""^ g#a3r^aniaa IS Caalyciaa. Artaiiialft, tamiiia r»arlf^4tgg 30 Yndigofera panrinora^ Jmlwlatta. y,iriWra 20 ^laaduloia, hoMmm mipt 5«aniw|awiii 10 Wiaaataia A^olliala 10 popolnaaT Fleaa 100 gloaiajrata. Carrlaa*^ earandaa kaphorbfa BtrifollT, Lantaaa ffaaara. _^3 A •2«a*Katra^1 Qhat K» f^ejh" iiyteropogon conto rt«a,H,intttffii«, Slope Plot Mo,l wltlJ ThMMda triandra^ Cbiygopogon Poona Dlfltrlot, loose •ontanoa, CytbopogoB atfirtlnii» b,/tv-(9)-161) gravala, Samiaa nervosuia, S^KWiJicaiuia, c,18^-20 • d, 73*^-42 • e«90C M« f.90 oaa. li.Araa beloaga to forest Dept«4t& la protected for tbo last oae jraar. 1.20-10-67. 03«a.K&traJ ^het S, 30-45 Picbaotlilwa ainwla tuta»CbrYsopo|OB Slopa Bpot No/ awmtatttts, Arlaitda faBlcMlata, £• deep A,adescen»ienla, ^etaropagon eeator^ b.(lV-(9)-162). with tua, Eragroatia alaor.ja^ala loose 0.18®-26» d.73'*-42» ylirgataV Ieeil«aa MatHapboreidaa. 6,000 M. f,90 ens. grarel «.IV/b, h•Protected for l«st one y«ar» Forest Dept.Oraas- Icmd, 1.20-10-67 ^6|.Poiid,Vitbaltradl, MadluB laelleara lajoua, DichanthiBa b.(V-( 6 9 grtaa ftoaiaulata 60 30 920 mgogttg, I»iata. graadl«« ^ g^coatortqi 80 tedigofera Cya Baaatodiua Tridax jLantana D,oaricoatMa 10 t32.5 iiffttaMwr yacmabaaa, eaaMira, l.I.laatMi 18, ^lyaicatpua fyalvulua Tarminalla T.Trlaadga iatragoq^- 16 alainoidea oraamlata, H,coBtorttta 4 loboa, Aaaoia S»«arf»ati» ladlgofera arablca. 2 glanduloaa. Atymailaa 6 f.eiUara 4 otiiars 6 155" £ 3 •6S»a JitAiici Areft Sanfcy Tbeaeda triairfra,CyboiH»gon ko«225,Pond. aaT^inil. Dld^antbloB oarlcoaw &.apnqlatna.lseilaBia laniai. b.(V-(9)-.ie9) geteropogon gpntortna. Pseodianttiiati- C.18°-31» a.73**-30' ^* blaplda. 4nX«da artstata. AHkryoa acAwmdiaalla ••tgll. •.690 M f.l50 CB8, A. •aaacansloal's. U.V/a b. Site located on Hill »ltb 8-15 H slope.Uoderat>]l razed area. {4-12-56 66«a.T&luka Seed Fanr MedluK •Qiaseda triandrb. Arudlnella. Gbukiui.Poud, black teaella, plcfaantbittsi carleemui^ b.(V-(t9)-17C) to Aplttda rerle. Eragrostls sballow* lateipttta. ReteioPogaB contortus. C,19**-34» d.73°-30» Cnibopogcn laariiniirPOlytoca e.OOO M. f.150 cias. barbava l.V/a h.grasses found on bundsy of Faddy fialds are listed bore* 1,83-10-63 67, arTalnka Seed F»ra, Ifedlun Theiaeda triandra, Iscbaegni arlstatua, fihor, Below Black Heteropogon cNontortus. Bhatghar Ham, to b.(V-(9)-178) Beep O 0 ploughed c, 18 -7'd.13 -40' land. e.60r M f.175-180 CBS. «.fc V/a b. Tbe area Is a part of tbe Taluka Seed farm. Protected for two years. 1.1-11-63 iljl ^5 ^ ^ 8 10 todlyofera T.triandra 20 EYolvulng C.iaiqrilaii 12 B.cericoana 7 Tlgiaallg. H.eoBtortaa 3 r.hlsiplgi 30 juSSiHT' IT A,ailata.ta 5 A,a<|—wii|~ 100 IniVigoferft Crotalaria Aeacia l«a^lo»a, sp arabiea. * lyaloarpui Eyolvulpg yaotoaa Takiaalig, alalnoldea» grapflia ' -do-^ -do- —do- T.triaadra 60 40 2000 T«arlatatua 20 H.coBtortua 20 ,1 a 3^ « « d8,a«N*0.A«»fllita]T ar«a Soil Sebiaa neryosy, HIHook,near Pashan.OO oas« aontanus^ Crsbopogoa ilail. l>.(v-(9)-m). ^^' Heteropogoa" eoBtortus.H. o o '^^ inslgolsT ^oiwiia trlandra. c,18 -31* d.73 .40* slopes. e«630 M. f.87 ens. g.V/b/1 h.site protected tor 10 years and •ore. 1.3-11««3 *69.a.^eep Breeding Poor Chrysopogon aoataona, An^ropogon Fana,Poona. witb >ualiqig, Arlatida spe. f b.(V-.(9)-192) exposed :teteropogon contoytus,Brestopogoa soils. foYoolatus, tophopogon irldeatatus. 0.18®-30» d.73**-42» Oraclila roylena. e.630 M. f.70 cms, «.V/b/li b.Area protected OQ slope 475; heavily grased, by sbeep, 1.17-12-56 •70.a.Sheep Breeding Medium gebjga nervosua,Chiywipagpn Paru.fPasban, ol «SK aontaaus. Cyabopogon aartlnil^ Spot No.l. soil. » Dichai^thiiitr caricos In41iiolara EvolTBlua Aoacia C.aoatanus 20 10$» llaifoliiT" alainoldaa. b.partaaa TTcordTfolia ^61os80ca A.pttallwa 10 Tsrs— Cyoylaana 4 liniart- foiia L.tridea- tatuB 16 F.ragrD«ti> spa. il 100 Indlgofera Tridax Acaola 9'S»«aryoatt a 41 50 a Cordi folia, araeaabaaa. arablca. .aoatanua 92 Cratalaria sTTaaeaF Caaaia ^aartinll 16 fillpag. Uailolla. fiatula H^atasignra 9 H«contortua 8 T.triandra'^ 2 B,carlooanii 1 A«aaabol4ail 4 X.anatata 4 A>aatgll 2 T.alfgaaa 8 w k- 3 •Tl.a.Fashan She«p Breeding Soil Plehmthlim carloaaim.Iatilfa Fam, Spot No,2,S.No. l(KPia« Cfaryaapaaeceia Moataaaa^ 55. ••41 um Hataropogpn cwitortwa.CyStopogon b.{V-(9)-191) depth •artlnilT S^iaa aarroma, an4 Bothttoehloa partaaa.Thalepogon 0.18**-.31' d»73'*-40» blAOk elagana. Andropogon puaillaa< e.e30 It, f,60-70 fertile. Arlailda ap«> CDW, «.VA/i h.;»rca grazed first by cattle and then by sheep fron ^er^t* to Nov, i, lT-12-56 72,a.Poor grassland neer soil . rlstidp funicwl ata,lieteropogon wendrskar'a Farw, 2 5-cans, con tortus, Gracilia royleanc, Kothrud^Poona, daap» ^hrysopogon aontanue, SehiiBa wl*'^ nervosuE, tophogpogon trldentntug b.(V-(9)-195). «^«^ Trlpogon roxbnK8bianu» c.l8®-30» d.73^-42• looking Eragrostls ainor. e.630 M. f.60-70 slope/, , , CBS. 5* g.V/b/ii h.^-xrea open for grazing all the year round, i.5-11-59 73,a.'raluka Seed Pam, hediua lletoropogon contortus^Cfarysoi'oeon A re a, J adhanrad 1, to Poor MontanuSiT .Seihiaa nervoeua, Kaar Sasvrad. soil Hetaropo'gon lnaignis,gran»ogon with 5-8lf Jacquenontii.Thctacda trlandia. b,(Y-(«)-199) *^^^?«f^r,^ Arlstlda sps, Ayluda •aria ClsS 20 • d.73**-55' undulating V^__-L-.4 H .V ..r . r-^- —• ••650 II. f.75 cms, Sit ^oae Oracxlca ro^vleiut g,V/b/ll places. h.Area 10 Ba. protected for two years, 1,20-1-64 14 ) if 10 Aoaola ajr»M«« 20 27*2% - tjgtttla. l.llflPBi 20 enyB»i». sps. 14 10 lat»l>TO«ii ijgff *&2|Z2£S£ 10 f,trtaiij[ra 6 g»^ii tortus 10 j.pTtttaa 2 A.maitlwa t TTtbara. 4 100 Acacia A«jftialgul «tfi 40 10% 200 arablca H.oontortus 20 Heylattdia Lancaa Bauhinia G.rioyibaiana 20 latabroaa. linilolio sps. C«»antanm 6 Aaecla ^•ttTVoaun 5 oatecbu. Othar gratsea 10 ICC Indigofera Iridan Bauhinia il,ooj>tortu9 60 30 1600 lialiella, procM«baaa, "c.Moatfcnua 25 rac«Boaa, Senei^oaaSa 10 f««lla .» ^ alsinoides. gaaaia 5 fiatila. H»laai&nia Cro talari a 5 iillpes. 5 f .iriantiira let.' 74.a. niroshi gras^ area MedluB Ueteropogon contortKStTbeiteda Mahabeleshwar to poor trlandrn^ Dichwathitit MIKX b,(ll-(10)-216) soil. oariooauB, Psettdtoitbistiria Slop* blapldfi~Km^lla *«1^y>^< C,n^^62* d,73^-30* 7-105t. IsonawuM soile,I,oiliLarei , e,1200 M, f,750 cms. Reddish Arthraxon •aebeldli. Av browiia sernilatua, Eraareati^i g.Il/b gnlloifleT. AmnaiaeTIa' pmiila, b.Graas is cut ^n;^ Mgltarta • •arKlaata.DJmena sold avary yeJir. ornitbopo'da ••''oreat arpa ivith teak plants. l.a-12-62. •75,a.Hlroahi ipaota Hed.il sh Theaeda t rian d ra, Het er^.^pogon F.S.7 Coup^ 29, bro»a Contortua, ricbanthiuw ctiricosuta, Vahebf»leshwf>r* loamy Pseudantliistlrla hispTOa» 8-159** MlcrostejiiaBi cTriatua,Diyeria b,(ll-(ir)-216a) slope* omiphopoda, lachaciaiai cilifire. C.17°-52' a.73 -30» »oil e.l20C M. f,750 cms, pll 6 I.aolle, setaria glaucat Potasb Xrtmdtne'lla pual 1 aTPltophoraa g.lycrpens,Caplllipediuai t g.Il/b, low h.Area located %nin „K^-^K«*-, flllcuTi'e, Arthraaon aeeboldlt. the for..t Cleared "^"•jj"* m 1951, and planted ;°"couten* t witb Teak. Gr^ss low cut and sold r^acb y*ar. i.16-12.56 76«a.Slte under tr^e Peddiah Theaeda guadrivalvls, '^'heiaeda cnaopy fViahs^ i^ "brown, triandra, Apluda autica . lesbcfar. porous b.(lIT-(lO)-209) 60 OBS* & aore, c,17°-52» d.73®-32» deep* e,l200 M. f,760 cffis. 5-fl9f g.IIl/a, slope* h.The site is n0»r Apiary, i.7-12-62 12 6 8 9 10 Geiasaspis Aerva H.contortaa SO 50 crlstgta, luofttn. outtial, f.triaatra 85 Alysicarpiiil JLladoiiila «p. Terainalla D,earieoaua IS belgaimga»lg«»SI«nttMat toa»Hioaa, IP.hisjglda 10 DtwrodiuM TTtlcilTa Tactona ¥»arsaa€a 5 pmrvltlonm, turn , ferandia." 4?ther grasaaa 10 E^bllca Non^Kraaa 5 6ffieiaa>- t»fgtoia lia. dalphinl- folia* Salthle Leucea Syzyglua T.triandra 19 blanda atelliaera ctMntnl, n.contortus 3 ____ TerwlnalAa F.hispi^a 23 Croialt.rla dalphlnifo 18 •estlta7~~ jETnlfolia er«nulata A.raeeboldll BepiantbiSa' i^bilca M.ciliatttB 17 DeanodiuM varticlllatua,offlclnalla laxlflorum, ^^•pujalla 10 Atyloeia Kheaaaua I.cillar*i % proeiflilbwa, fi.orlntho llnlatff Maoranga 3 Alvdtc.trptta galtata. Cfiliottlae 1 belganmanala ' Teralnalla 100 ohebula. Sjjithi^ Leucaa Erugena T.triandra 40 50 blanda. Stalllgera Jaabolana T.QMadrl- S.atnlo- Colalbroo" Maagifera, "" valTis 40 Toaa inalca « A.amtica 20 Crotelarla Oppoelti- faaerang'a 155" ratuaa, '^ioUa Kpaltata C.veatita, LlBdarpia ap. Sygyglua ^.TepToiTa- Rhaaphi caailni ," carpa rawitttalia Paaaodluii longl flora jdiabulat icxifloruM teopubia ^erophi's P>a»eolu8 dephinl apinoaaT radlattt¥ folia Actipodaphna Yigna anguajbifolia eapwiBla. Litoaa atookii rloaia llBlatS a 2 77.«.Wilson Point,M'war Rocky Peltophorua dlvergens, Ischeemua b.(lll-l())-217) witb diplopOje.oH, I.ritchiei,T.ciliare, sone o.l7**-52' d,73°-30» soil. ••1380 n. f.6a5 cas. g.Tir/b/ii h. i'Me site is on tbe top; almost level and open to grazing, 1. 7 -12-62 •78,a. Go-back land HeteropoRon oontortns,Thewe>la Mahabfi loshwar triandra, Pollinea sp» *, l^seudanTbiBtidjf; hi3pi»;a, < b.Cii7-(10)-218 ) Arthr«xo» geebolclii, 1 ,ci li;.re 0.17**-52' d.7 3**-30« ••1200 B. f.625 cms g.IIl/b/ii h.Art ft left fHow for 4-5 yerrfl. K'&gl crop, 1.17-12-5fi 79»a,Sydaey Point, MediuB Bothriochloa pertusa,Sehiata ^'an chgani deep nervoBttm, neteropogon contortus« b.(lll-(lo)-219} redfUsh PichantFiua armatug, Ischaeiua brf>*¥n oillHre, I.ritchici. e.l7°-53» d.73°-38» in colo- "" ••ISOC fii. f.310-400 ur, g,lIT/b/ii ^'"^' b.Area is on slope 8—15 f;,Modprately grazed area, 1. 8-13-62 80,a,«Second Tableland, Medium Th—eda ti^andra, Dichanthtif Pancbg.-ni. deep AnganPtVi, Botbrrroohloa perttiFa, b.(Tir-U0)-22|) 30-40 Heteropogon contortus. cms. C.17°-53' d.73^-38' e.l30C U. f.370-400 of &o. cmn» g.lll/b/ii b. Area located oil slopes, 1.8-12-G2. '1 '!' € ^ 8 9 10 JMylcarpug Dysophylla yRandla P.diTergtna 80 20% |ielgattaen»l«. ytellata . br«pdl«ii T.dlplOKpegOB 10 Saithla Leucag Sygygiun I.ritchlai 5 imrporea aiallKgra. omi;^ T.cxIAar^^ S- Crotalarla WT retusa Crotalarla <'lgyphu» Mixed staad sp. spa. of T.irlaadra Carrlaa aiHl F.hlapldir 50:30 caraadtBs EuphorMa tlochldlon B.psrtttsft 35 40^ 2000 trlquetroB, rothlana, faottsnaclcsrl a.aervostta 30 Alysi corpus Asystasia TarBiaaxia F.conioriue20 ta»± gcngetlca crenulata» U.anaatam 5 belgawaenslf, T.ciliare 5 DeaEodlmn I>rltchlel 8 triflonaa idysloarpus Laucas liandla vaginalla sielligara branidisil, SaltMo Dyophyl'la LasiosipSbn purpurea 1 erlocephalua Huphorbla rothlana sp.s. 61.ft*Paa&micha i^hat Re4di»li Theaada triattdra,^cbBnthitt« litcOmoli Peaehgani. bronn b,aymittta p.pancl^amaolenae, b.(lII..'10)-224) 30-49 SahJBtt Eyrvbaiai, Scrghaa ttalpeoac, ens, Bothirtocbloa partnaa. ©•1200 K f,370-400 drep. CBS* g.IIl/b/ll ha/j:calocedited on •lope. 1,9-12-62 »8a,a* Chittangaon,Coupe tntk Sebtgp nervo6ug:,Heterop|igon cpntoiv Ko,8,Spot 1, brown tuB, Chrysopogon aontapus, w Koregaon. In Cymhoppppn Baartinllt PotbrlocfaXoR h.{V-(10)-23l) colour. pcrtuaa, rht-Bed-: t.rittfu'iia, C.lT*'-40l pichanthluia anmilfttw»'^ ri'stidn a-o-. d. 74^-0» I;lgitarir warglnitp, /jluda e.etOO H, f.30-50 ariatete, rthraxon sr«>t ^etarlo glauca. g.V/b/ii cms. b./rca loci ted on blllock 864 Mf J, in Height. t'roiected ainee 1939 cut for hay .Teak has been planted, 1,11-12-1956, tftlxsx •83.p. (jME!r.ngRon Spot h edlvm Chrs'^sorT^con wontanua,iteterc>| Q'-'^M No,2, Koregnon, deef contortub,! reao't ogon foYaplatiiS, b.(V-(lC)-2C;li5) nichaQthlua annuluturi,Arigtidp cms, ad8Censlonis7~^ndro^-ogon p^milus, ^•17**-4f>» d.74*'-0' or so. Graelleti royleaoa, Bragroatle e.eoo ffi, f,30-31 CBi« clllensis. fe.V/b/i h«Area locetod in abandoned cultlv.. ted field adjacent to abore site, 1,11-12-56 UH 8 9 10 cranu Alysicarptts A»y»t—!• Syaygi bcIilMitaiiig gas 3. §^ g«a£»tlca lB Indigofera Conr.:elina TeriBlni^lia C.taonfc *9f,a.MehQd Sbeep Breeding uaz% Lophopogon trtdeotattts. Aristlda Fam, Pandbarpur. brown adecenslonis, tJhrysepogon mont'sSitts. Spot No.2. •oil Retttropogon coHjfcortus. Gracilea b,(VI-12)-236a). with roirleena,.^dropopon ptiiillus. c.l7**-40' d,75°-10' pebbles. e.460 M. f.25-3'^- c^a. I.Vl/b, h.Slte is grbsed by fern Sbeep. 1.5-12-56 13 6 8 9 10- ''lyslc>»rptt« Rhynchotlfa Acnetn lenglfoltqg, BJaima, Corchomua Cassia " dlf fusug, •pa. aurleul&ta> ladl-'ofara Trldax gluiidulofat procuaabcps. l«bbeck. ?haseolus i^rolvulus trllobus. alslnoides. iv.oarieosua 300 - gre«B• Indigofara Ewpliprbia Ao&cia C.aontagua 40 49-5^ — cjrdifollt', hlrta. arabica, ¥«nerYo«mi 15 I.lialloTTa, Lt^ntana Ficug l>«o<'t ioosma 4 "^13 si'ct»ryi>s caaara, retasa, F.fcru.ulatuiu 1 va'- inalis. Si da Alblz/la m^JTovaotatua 5 Cro talari a acutt-. lafceck, ¥. attus^. 2 iJ.coHtortua 22 I,tridaptatu8 & •^ristidft sp 3 U.roylaana 1 Otbers* •1 Indlgofera Euphorbia Acaola lOii cordlfoira. falrta. Miaifolli.. ^"^"^Trida^x laucophloea C»gontaima 6 11.3 Heylandla Prpcuaibaqa, Caasla H^oopiofWa 1 i&tefi Evolvuluy auriculata, F^Triden irosa. HerdwlcHla tutoa 65 elsinolda^s. blnata. Croylaana II A',ad8Cen«toir4 nljai 14 A.funiculate > A,piaiil.us X 100 1 4 »B8,a,iCfnJ[ar Khind J(adha> Themeda triandra,Microstef iuMi naROrl Kuran, Kolbapur. clliatuia, Heteropogoa oontortus, Fseudanthistlrla hispida, b,((lII-(13)-240) Dimeria omithopbda. C.16°-3T» d.74^-0' e.550 M. f,*375- «.iri/b/li *25 CB8. h.Site at hill tot), nrass cut ^ sold for last 15 yeera, 1.9-12-66. 89,a,JColliapur grl,Coll Slope Heteropogon eapBtortustAristidt ege >few Fans area 8*: very funlctilaija, And»opogon pnnillus, b.(V-(13)-2a3) poor. Theaeda triaodra^ Tripogon Jacque- c,16®-40» d.74**-5' Stony wontilt ApludB yarla^ Graoilea e«550 IB. f«75 oras. soil, rpjrrojrleana«Sehial earn a nervosura. g.V/b/ii Sone Chrysopirysopogot n Kontanus, Lophopofjon h.Site opposite to patches tridaat»tu8,'irri8tid» redacta, the proposed are low A.adscenalonis. auditor! UB. lying. i•17-11-67. ftft. 90,a,Gram Serak Training Soil Heteropogon opntortus,Arlstide Centre,Jalna, shallow fuaiculata, (irysopogon montanua, i^urangabad i^ist. poor Erenopogon fttveolatus, BothriocAloa b,(Vll-(l4)-246), with pertuea, firocilea reyleana. c.19^-48• d,76®-42f with e.400 M. f,75 c»s. 5% g,VIl/b/li. slope. ta»Site protected for 2 years, i.4-1-64, 91.a,Isapur Ramna,Hingoll Parbhani. b.(VTI-(15)-250) nill Sehiia nenrosua, S.snloatma, top Heteropogon oeniortus, H,in«lqula c,19^-40« d,77°-2» e.400 M. f.60-70 on AH Sorghutt purpurea, Serlemis g,VIl/b/i COS. soil "*'Ereaopogon foweoia'tos.Bothriocholi h.Mll top.Soll •er>' pertuea, Themeda trtandra, 30-80 cms. low Dactylocteniuw aegyptiacuB i.13-10-60. hill. -il^ 5 6 7 8 9 10 Desiiodiuai Crotalaria Tdotona M.ciliuttUL 26 68-25 dif t'UfHB. sps. crandis. T.triandra 27 Indigotera farmloalia !!• con tortus 20 glandulosa. toaentota. >>,hi3pida 16 cassia l[.it«tsll 6 fistula. t.oiliare 4 D.omitho- poda 1 1(0 Indigo tern Trldax Acacia H, con tortus 75 40 400 linifolia. procuaib«Qa. arablca, A.fuBioulata 10 Heylandla EYOlVUltlfi Laanaa A«r«dacta 5 latebroaa. cbroiaanda* A.adscentio- alsinoldas. l+ca nis 5 ^.nerTosuffl 3 C'*Btontaaus 2 Indigofara Tridajt Aoaci a n«cont£rtus 40 16% 300 linifolia. procuabens, arabioa A.funlculata 20 I,cordlfolia, uasala g,iiontaaiua 20 fiatula. E^foTeolatua 10 Taotona B^partuaa 5 Krandl?, Non-grass S Indigofsra Achyranthes Aoaeia S.nanrosttB 90 90^ 6000 glandulosa aspara. arabica, ^tsuloatua 5 ""l.liaijroira ArgaMona Boswallia ^contortus 3 Xlyslcarpus «a«ie«aa >• M,lnsigni8 2 rugosus sarrata phaseplus trilobus .1 92«a.Sakud Key Village Mediua Hotaropogon contortttStSehiaa nwcYomxm, Unit Grassland ack S.solcatuiB, Chiy»opo8on awntanns, Spot No.ljBhir Dt. M2"T^i!.—70 „ ""»rr-aT!irrTrr"Andropogon« pqailna.—^^i... . ^t m\,,mm.^jir.fhwda 'trlandra, Apluda TarljB, b.(vi-.(i6)-2r,2) deeciB8.gwi.^^^_s,fp t .r%„^>. ,1.^, 5c,19°-3» d,75**-38' soil. e«400 M. f«50 cms. g.VIl/b/i h.Site 14 16 km.fron Moffiinabod.> rotect- ed for 2 yeara, i.11-10-60, 93.a,Sakud«J^ey Village' soil Ileteropogowcan; ortus, Sehiaa wervosurs, Unit Spot No.2. shallow Arlstida fnniculata^ ^Jhrysopogon b. (VII-ri6)-253). poor goatanus, Sehiaa salQHtug. C.19^-3' d.75°-3fi«. 15-25 Andorpogon puiilus. e.40C ^. f.50 citis. CUBS. g,VIl/b/li deep* b.Site near the Slope Taluka Seed fariB. 10^ 1,11-10.1960. 94.a.Area near Latur Shallow Heteropogon contortua,Aristida Hallway Station. poor faniouiata, sebina nerrosuiDi b,(VII-(l8)-254) 10-16 S.suicatuiB, Cbxysopogon •ontanus. cas. C.18^-18• d.76®-S«** deep. e,400 M, ^" f,50 cias.g.VIl/b/ii h.Foor grasslmid protdeted for 3 years. i.14-10-60 95.a.Key Village Centre Medium Pichanthitw annulatna, Sehiaa Udgir.Osnanfsbad Dt.black perrosua, S.snleatua, Heteropogen b,(VII-4d)-255) 30-70 contortus, Chr^ sopogon gontanns. Boxnno5E"loa pertnsa. c.18*^-28' d.77*^-5» CBS. with e.400 M. f.30-40 en .VIlA/i cms. slope. f: About 200 ha. area protected for 2 years. 1,12-10-60 13^. 6 - 2 - - 8 .9 3.0. Alyicarpus Trldaac Aeaeia H,c»otortua 40 30 1000 roou»baa», arablca. S«»arro»iai 20 IttdJKQtitrm fcjiyraatftaa goawaliia g»«gl Trldax Acaci a H,oon tortus 40 30 1000 iinilolia procgnbana. arabxca, S^narVQeaa 20 Butaa A.fitnlouiata 16 fraadoaa. C^.BN>ot« u» 10 Hardwl cfci a'^'s « a« Ic a tu€ 10 i>lnata. AtpttallttiT' 5 100 Indigofaxt Gymaoape- H»ooatortu» 40 20 1000 uyoTivm" X.fttnlculata 20 •ontanus, g^aarvostw 20 Tactona ^.aalcatuM 10 grandls S'^aentanua 10 Caasia "" "Too" fistula. Indigofara xanthiua Teetona P.annulatuih 30 40 2000 glanduloaa. jtruaarlmi grandls. ¥,narToaiMi ~ 30 I.llnlfolia veraonia teaaallla S.aulotttuis 15 Alyaicarpas clnarla, aerrata ff.aoatartaa 16 rui^oa«s, tT,itontimtts * 10 100 _ ^1 2 3 96*a.Area near Osnjanabad Shallow Heteropogon cpntortus,-Ari8tida on Sholapur pjoad, poor. faniGal»t&, Sehlaa neryosuE, l>.(VI-.(l»)-r!56) Lophopogon tridentatua,Gracllea 0,18^-8» d.TS^'-S' royleana, Eragrostis sp. e,400 a, f.30 cms, g.VIl/b/ii h.Unprotected area open for grazin?. i.13-10-60. 97,a.Borgaon i'odder Black Heteropogon contortu8,PeeudanthiS' research spot No.l, cotton tiria hisplda, Iselleaa laxua, Akola i'ist let, soil Sehtaa nervosua, Androp^ogon b,(VlI-20)-259 aore puailus, Igchcenmm pilosuw. than C.20^-42' d.a76**-52» «.300 M. f,90 cms. 90 oias. g.VII/b/1 deep. h«Slte on ^kola-/mra- vati Road,Open for grazing all the year. May teaperaturc 50°C; January t«nperature 300c. 1.25-11-59. 98.a«Borgaon fodder Deep Cymbopogon,mertinil, Polytoca reserve Spot No,2, black barbate, t^hrys^pogoa aoptanMs. Akola Dist* soil. Heteropogon Inilgals. fina«da b.VIl-(20)-2598 triandra, Didianthltai oricosuB, IseileiBa' la«an. C.20°-42' d.76°-52' e.400 m, f.80-90 cas g.VIl/a h.Site is a rasenred grass area. 1«25-11-59 99,a,Borgaon *'oddor Reser Sehiai' nervosuffl, S,sulcatum. ve, Spot No.3. Black cotton b.VIT-(20)-259b soil. c« 20^-42 • d.76**-52» e,400 B. f,80-90 cms. g.VIl/b/l h,.\rea belongs t • Dairy Farm,Protected for number of years. i.25-11-59. UT 5 6 7 8 9 10 Indigoftre Catsla lUcontortut 40 - llnlfolia. fistula A.fuaiculata 30 neylandia Tsctona L.tridontatus 10 latebrosa grandis* G.royleaiia 10 ?«n«rvosuin 5 Non-grass 5 100 Indigofere XanthiiiB Acad a K. con tortus 40 20 -~" glanthilosa struoiariuffl, arabioa, F.hiflplda 30 Alysiearpus Tridaz KatiUca T«laxtta 15 rugostts. proouabens. officinalis .^•nenrosua 10 Boerbaavia A.puailus S diffusa. lo6 Alysioarpns Euphorbia Acacia C.aartlQii 40 30 2000 rugosns, hlrta, catecbiU • P.barbata 30 Atylesla Trldax ZlsypKUs ^••oaianus 16 Jujuba. H«3tiisiibiis 5 linlat>« proeuabens ^tea D.oaricosuB 1 5 Bonosperaa, T.triandra 5 Gyanospozlu 100 isontanus. Alysicarpus Tridax Acacia S.nervosttB 95 70 4500 rugosws. proQuabena. arabica, S*sttlcatuii 5 CrotalarTa tiardvickil sps* binata. Acacia catechu« Cas: ia fistula. _ 1 2 lOO.a.Borgaon Grass,Bhi] Ai'ea Sehiaa nervesua,Andropogpg Alcola, wtth uMilus, Aristida sps. b,VlI-(20)-259c p«lnt)r SIchanthiu m carTooswa, ot expo- C.20°-42' d.76**-52' Heteropogon cont ortu's , e,400 a, f*80-90 8 101, a,roxiB;aon Grdss, soil Chrysopogon montanus,Andropogon Bhir.Spdt 2, with pnimilj Lusl , AriBtlda 8ps.,Apluda l},VTI-(20)-259d plenty of aristata, Fleteropogon contortus. exfio aed Sehiaa neryosuB.Dothrloohloa C. 20*^-42 • cl,76**-52' rocik soil pertusa, theleFogon elegans« e,400 n, f,80-90 depth Eragrostis tenello. CSS, 8-15 ens. g,VIl/b/li h,Area subjected to beavy grazing, 1,26-11-57. 102,a,pohora grass Sehiaa nervoana,^. sulcatum, Reserve /.airaoti Cyabopogon aartlnil. I'heaeda Division, trlandra, Heteropogon oontortue, b,VII-(21)-260, Aplude veria. C,20**-56» d,77®-50' e,420 , f.62-65 g,VIl/b/i cms. h.Grassland reserved for cutting from Nov,to June. 1.26-11-89. 133 6 8 10 Atysicarnua Crotalarift Aoaoia S.nervoauBi 64 52 teragonolo- spa. arablca. A.pua^lua" 11 bii«« A.oatachu,Ariatida^apa 11 lutaa Sehliaa apa 8 •onoapoita, A^grlatata 5 B,frondoaa, C»«ontantt8 1 Tephroaia Caasia C.Bontanus 2b purpurea tora, H.coQtortua 10 O.fietula S.narvoauii 6 Ac&ci a b.partuaa 6 arabicft. A.pwBilus 22 Ba^iinla Arlatida apa.20 3pa» )b*teiieila 4 Dutea A.aristata 4 ttonoaper^ ma, 100 Acacia catechu Butea irondoaa ^ Indlgolera Crotal&ria Acacia S.nenroauBi 70 06 40C0 linlfo/lla apa. arablca* S.aalcatuffi 10 AlyalcaiToua Achyr&nthua Baublnla C.aariinii 5 rujgoaus. aspara, raeoMoaa. T.trlaitdra 5 Tridax i^ablloa K.contortuB 6 procumbens. officinalia.A.Tarla 100e lOS.R.Paura Govt,Dairy Level, Heteropogon contortus, Plchtonthlua Fana,Affiraotl, oarlcoaua, <^hryaopogon Kontanua, b.Jtx VII-(21)-261. Sehlma neTrvSlttm, Ereaoponon foveolatus, C.20*^-55' d.77*'-30» Sehlaa lachaettoldes, Andropogon e,420 M. f.62-65 pumllus, Aristlda adscenslonls. cms, g.yil/a h.'i'he area is cut for silbge and x allowed to graze. 1,28-11-57 104,6«Panre Spot No,2, poor Heteropogon con tortus, Sehlaa b,Vir -(21)-26la soil nervosuM, rlatlda aps-,Chrygopogon 0.20*^-55' d.77°-30 with aontaiius, Erenojpeyon foveolatus, e,420 a, f,62-65 gullies Apluda vari^, Cynbopogon sps. cms. exposed g,VTl/b/ii rock. b,heavily grazed area with gullies and exposed rock, 1,28-11-57. 10S«a.^adel•^adell Grass Res- TbThe eirea Sehlge neyvpsum,Chrysopogon aonta- e/irve,Awraotl Dlst, Is on nns^ IJeteropogon montanusy •VIl-(21)-262 slopes 7 ' contortus, Iselleaa laxun. C .20 -52» d.77 -3K' f?\\. e.420 m, f.70-^0 li^ht brown g.Vil/b/1 *^"^- law rruRiy h.The area la 22 on slopes kms.from & light Amraotl St forma bleck A catchment of deep two tanks,This black on Is a woodland lower with some slopes. patches of open grasslands .Grass Is cut each year, 1,26-11-59. I'j t' 1 5 6 7 8 9 10 Indifofera Aehyranthus Acaci a Bacontortus 34 42.2 ^ llnifolia. aspera. laucofthloea • D. carl CO sun 26 Alysicftrpus Crotalarla Pious JE.foTeolattts 14 vaginalis. spa* lyaiigalensis tS.nervosua 2 OesBodlum Bupliorbia Dalbargla ll.cohiof'ius 8 diffUSUBj, hirta. paniculata . (annual) TndTiofira SaisohaeBoldes 6 00rdifolia X.puJtIIus 6 tieylandia Arlsilda sps4. 4 Tatebro'sa 100 Indigofera Crotalarla Zizyphua H.conturtus 36 - — linifolia sps. jujuba, S.nervosum 12 Acaoia Tr*iioafaiui8 10 leuoopbloaa» £«fev«olatus 6 A.cateobu Aristi^a sps., 22 fiynnosporltitt Atpumilua 6 ffiontanus. L.tridiJ^niatus 4 A.varla 4 160 '• Indi^ofera Argemone ikitaa S.naiTosuBi 50 50 1000 linifolia. nexicana. •onosporma. Cmontanus 30 Phaseolut XanthiuK Bauhinia H.eoii^b'rttis 20 tzllobu«« •truaeriuB. racemosa, 100 Ac{3cia arabica * « lOG.u.Chirodi Coupe Soil SehJMa nervosum,Heteropogon No,12(26 KM,from deep in contorjust Chrysopofion lootantts, Aaraoti), depress- Thetteda triandra, iiichanthium l>,VII-(21)-263 ions & annulatuia, Eremo'pogon fovplatus, o o shallow Apluda aristata, Poiytoca fearfeata C.20 -85' d,77 -45' else Thelcpogon elegans,Andropogon e,420 m, f.70-75 where puallus. cms. with g.VTi/b/i loose b,Area is cut each stones. year. 1,18-11-57, »j* Sehima nervosum, Chryaopogon 107,a.Chirodi Coupe No, Soil montanus, Themeda" trlandtriandrai , 12, Spot No.2, Shallow JHeteropogon con tortus, Andropogon b,VII-{21)-2C3a with puallus, Apluda aristata. C.20^-55' d,77°-45» plenty e,400 m. f.70-75 of cms, loose g,Vll/b/ii, stones. h,Protected area on hill top with 4-7^- slope.Grass is cut each year, 1.28-11-57, a« 108.a.Keralgaon,Yeotaal Shallow Sehlaa nervoaua, Heteropogon b.vn.-(22)-264, with contortus, CJhrysopogon aontanus, c.20®-l»»d.77^-55• gravel• Apluda aristata. e,a90 a. f,90-100 g,Vir/b/ll, cms, h,Area protected for 10 years. Grass Is cut each year, i. 29-11-57. 14 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 Alyslcarpus Vamonia Butaa S.nervosum 52 77 »— tetragonolobug, oinera. •onoaperma iII«contortua I 19 Atylosla Trldax l&auhlnia TI.Btontaniia IG soaraboidet, procuMbena, raoeooaa, T.trlandra 1 j^cacia A.ariatata 5 Indlgofera F.bairbata 3 llnifolia. catechu. T.elagans 3 A.pttHilUS 1 IcC Atyloaia Cirotalaria Acacia il. con tortus 42 57.i — acaraboIdes« spa* arabica. C.fiiontanus 32 Indigo j^erS" A.catechu S«nexTo8UK 24 giftndulosa. Zizypbua A.pumilua 2 aps. —1rTTT T Alyaicarpus Achyganthea Tecton/e S.nervosuM 98 87.6 4790 pubeacenSf aapera, ^randis. fl.contortus 2 A.tetrago- Trldax BTolobus, procuMbena* ItJlT Indleofera llnifoliu: ** 109,a.UiBrada CoeipartQ«Bt Fairly Chrysopogon •ontannStHeteropogon No»24d,Yeotisal Mst.deep with contorrus, Cyjlwpogon •ar^tinll, b.VII-(22>-265. a few Dichanthiup annul atu«,l),carl- C.20 -12; d,78 -2» pebbles cosng, Sehlaa nerrosuw, Apiuda e«37S St. f,90-100 strewn arlstata, Theaeda tnandra, cms. on It, Lragrostlalla bifniria, g.VIl/b/i 4-75^ Polytoca barbata. b«Area is at base of slope. hillock with forest Vttgetstlon, 1.30-11-1057, 110,a,l5hoya Village Soil Chrysopocon aontanuBtHeterovogon grszlng area eroded con tortus, Sehl«a nervosust, yeotaal, Erenopogoh foveolatug,Apiuda with aristata, Andwopogon puailua. b.VII-(22)-2G6 plenty c^ao^'-iz' d,78*^-e» of e,376 m. f.90-100 rock cms, exy>osed. g.VIl/b/ll ;U^/trea over grazed. It is located at 6 Kfii.from YeotioRl, 1.30-11-57, lll.a.Bhoyar Vllloge.Yeot- Diohanthium c&ricosua., P,annulatua. aal. heov Iscilema laxua^ Soiigirua halpanse, b.VV-(22)-267. black. Folytocil barbata, Setaria giauca, j\pluda aristata. c.20°-12' d.78°-8' e,350 m, f,9O-10n8 . g.VTi/e, b«Low lying ara in the vicinity of cotton fields.Graced all round the year, i,« 30-11-57, Stony Sehime nervosum, ^hxysopogon 112«a.Lahadevi Grass Ehir soil roontanus, Heteropogon oontortus, on Arvi !^ed 'Vardha with Aristide funiculata. b,vffA(23)-268. 10-15' §:20**-48' d.78®-12' slope. e,35r ra, f,100-112 g.VIl/b/il, cms, b,Area is protected for over 5 years .*; Is cut since 1960 as hay.Walgujari Forest area, i.19-11-64 '1 8 9 10 Alylcarpus YTnonla C»»»la U.oontorttts 26 64.9 pgo«u8 , emgria. flatnla. C^iaontanwa 21 I^glmdulo- Xmthlmt Tactona C.Martinll IS aa« strunarlum graodla* D. aps. 13 "StnarroauM 12 It.partuaa 1 X.ariatata 6 f«trlaadra 3 Othare 3 100 Atyloala Corohorus Taotona C^fflartinii 46 scara- rugoauB grandia, H»contortu8 30 t>oide8« Butea ¥»nervosua 6 monogpe- tr«lovaolatus t raa. Cyffibopogofl B.irondosa, apa* 2 Arldtida spa.12 TW~ Indigofera Xanthlum Butaa Uichanthluia 40 7C.0S — landuloia, atruaarium, mono8paraa,.y i^_g£S, Ilyolcarpu s Trldax * Caagia T|tHandra 36 rugosug, procumbens. fistula, 14 Jloacia 5^,cbntorttts 2 Cro talari a i-'i^i^^Li^an A.ariatata orixensis. Ag»<»QP»^^^^^'F.barbata 2 7theni. 2 4_ 100 Indl^ofera Trldax Aoaci a s.neryoauM 40 60 3900 ^^landulosa, procuatbe- arabica, C^«ibntaau8 30 I.linifolia. ns. Caaaia H'.caiitortua 20 iflstuia A.funlculata 10 Tectona ~ 100 grand! 8, Sutea monoeTperBa. llS.a.Pipri grassland, Medltts SehlMft nervo»uB,Dlchanthitta Wardha district. to annalatttB, Sghiiaa gulcatuw* b.VII-(23)-269. shallow,Beteroppgon oonCortus* 0.20*^-50' d,78°-ll' e«350 a, f,80 ccts. g.VIl/b/1 h.Area located on Hanuman-God hill 6,5 KfB.froiaWardba ?rotfcct«^ area; grazing begins in Oct. & ends in Dec. Good grassland, 1.19-11-64. 114.a,CoiBmerce College Mes««!«^< ^ teropogon oontortus, Sehina Conpound,Wardha• black nerrosuffl, Chryaorojgon aoiitanuB, b.VIT-(23)-270, soil Andropogen pttMilusTsehlBa with Buientutikt DxchanthluiB annul aturn. c.20^-40• d.78° -22' 4-5'^ DactylQ»-taniuM aegypticua. e,350 m» f.80 Cf98« slope. g.VIl/b/ii b.Area is 5 ha« of nattiral grassland given for gxazin? each yeqr Sept. to Deo, 1.20-11-64 115.a.Dana|iUii grassland, S*ll lletero{.ogon contortus. Theme da -^ardba Dist.Spot 1, 3<^- triandiaV'Paeudanthistli'la. b.VH-(23)-271 •IC Cffl8._ heteroelite,Chty 80pogon dwep. montanus, j\ndrop. eon puMJlus, c.20°-52' d.78*^-14» Level, ArlafTBTa fun leu e,350 re, f,80 cms. m g. Yll/b/ii Lophopogon triAcntitus,sehlma h.Site is a forest n nervosum, 1 aei 1 eaa anthe}>horoidee. area,140r ha, heavily grazed. 1, 20-11. 64 116.a.Danapur gras&lnnd, netOrppogon contortus, Pseudanthi- Werdhfl.Spot \o,2, stirla heterociita, Andropogon b.VII-(23f-271a, puMJlus. Arlstlda, funieulata. C.20*'-52» d.78°-l4». e.350 la, f.80 CBIS. k.g.VIl/b/ii b.Area grazed all the year round, i.20-11-64. 14 a 141 8 _^9 10_ Indigpfera Trldax Tgctona S.n«rro«ua, 40 60 4000 YinlTOllaT procuabena. graodlg, D.aanttletua so Atr»ic»n»xa Arge»oBe Bai9& S.fttlctttum"' 20 rugosui. mexicana, ]iioiio«p»nBa7lI>coatortua lo fembllca i6ft offloinulls. Bauhloia raoensosa^ Indigpfera Tridax AC ad a |[.oontortU£ 40 40 1(4'0 glandulosa, procumb- arabica, S«netToaua 30 Alyglcarpwa BUS^ Butea (J«iflontanua 10 nigosne . frondoaa, D.anntilatugB 5 Gymnoapo- S««8ulc&tua 5 rlim_ X.pumlltta " 5 montapua, ethers. 5 fectona" lolf ffraodia. Indigpfera Vridax 6ypBoapO" lUcontortus GO 15 tlandulosa.xonnuxoBH.,, pprocum - riuBt T.anthephoC frUnlfolifu b eng. ijpniahua, " roides 15 Tectojag A>pui>TluB 10 rand!at S.neiVDama 10 fi ardwlckiJNon-gr^^as 5 binata, WS Indigpfera Tridax Acacia H.contortua 50 15 "lini folia . procua- "ar'abica, F.faeteroclita 40 bens* Caaiiia A^pitailua ' 6 fistula, Non-graaa 15_ Bauhinia ^TUC raceaoaa llT«a.panapur grassland iStone;^ Heteropo^on et>ntortu»,Chry8opogon Spot Ko,3,Wardtia» •JBoTl^ Bontenua, SehlBO nery08OB,S. b.VTI-(23)-2711i. 10-15^ sulcatua, AriBtldc funlcula^ta, xc,20 -52« d,7S,o -14' ^lope. Lophopogon trldcutatus. e,350 a. f,80 cms* g. VIlA/ii. h«Trot»ctcd for 1 year, i i.20-11-64. llS.aChandani Grassland iSoll Sehiaa 8ulootua,S,n»nrosua, vardha,Spot N'o,\, 2O-6O ]^a»ilea^ laxmari^c^aeama b,VII-(23)-272. CMP., piiosum, rseudaothistiria htspic'a. c.20^-50» d.78-20' deep, e,35C> ffl. 1,80 cms, ?r,Vir/b/i black. h.The site ia 35 kn, from^ardha on Arv'l lidjAreo ts gr.zed all the ye."-r. 1.23-11-64, 119, a.Oiiaiidani C.rassli.nd Deep Themeda triandra,l8eiler»a Spot No,2,Wardh0, black laxua, Sehima nervosqa, b,VlI-(23)-272a, soil* Ischaewuin pilosua, Apluda yarla. Level• 0,20 -50' d.78'-2 5 6 7 3 9 10 Indi^oiera Tridax Cassia flstnlap n.contortus 40 15 350 llnifolia. prpcum- Btttea 3)ono«perffia,S.nervo8UB 15 beaa. Hardwlckii C.nontanus 16 blnata* A.pumiltis 10 A.TuniouIata, ip L.tridenia tUA • 5 ^•suldatuiB 5 "" IOC- Indjgofora Tridax Acact& Klendulosa, procimb— arabica, S* sulcatum 40 15 rHftseolus Teciona r.hispida 20 trllobus. grand!s, S.uervosusi 20 A cliy ran I«l»xma 10 thus Boswjgllia asj) e ra, "sefralEa, Ctbcrs, 10 Aly81caipua Xanthlua Aoapj a T.trtandra 60 25 1500 vaginalis, mxk T,laxmB 20^ pro talari a struaari- arabicaT S.nervosutt 10 Hardwlckii, br^xenais, "HHT FInata, Ton-graas 10 peeaiodluat Cast.ia Salbergia ror dif^usma^ tojra, CfistulG, paniculota. Al2':iicar- Tridax Dalberpia I.laxum 90 50 3000 £roeuib©- paniculate S>nei'V08um 5 pub^sccna, nSf Acacia" D.aanulutumS Deeanodi'ua Euphorbia arabica« 100 5iT usua. hiria. Xndi^ofara Argemone Acacia fi.contortus 70 2w 1500 linilolfa^ aexicana, arabica, T.triandra IS Itcordi- I.agasca Bauhinia .>i.pu«ilu8 10 folia, molli 8. raceiBOsa JTon-gress 5 T,£Tandu- 100 Tosa , 12 3 4 122,a,Sesinary lilll Forest Sehlma nervosua,Bothrtochloa Nagpur Soil pertuga, Andropogon pmalltts« b.YI I-(24)-275, shf^llow Heterop'ogoia couLortus, c '>1** '" d 78** 4*" pravelly.DlchanthluB annulatuai,Themeda e!30o"M, f!90-100 ct:.s. Ulanfra, /pluda arigtata, sps. Seiaria « V r T /». /j 4 Arthraxon h./rca on flit top £i«!i5£' of hillock. Grfiss is cut each year for tbe past 20 years. Specl<^s were planted 20 years hack, 1, 23-11-57, 123,a,Bewapur Past re Soil Sehlaa nerve sua, ^^hrysop'^gon erer. .yaepur, deep ffiontanug, f^eterop/^ogon oontortuB« b.VrT-(24)-276. wi*b nicbanthiuffi ennniatua,Tho»iiiedg cai^'-a* d.78^-42' a few triandra, 9mnsmA±«m. Pgeud> nthl- e,290 v.. f,90-100 pebbles. stiria sps. ^*olvtoca sps., cms, Andropogon pnialiusT^^Thelepogon g.\3l/b/l, eJegani, Apiiidn aristata. h.Area annually cut for the 1 osr 20 years, i. 24-11-57. 124.«.rKrer Village Ghrysopogon wontanug,Botbrio- grozlng »rea. cbloa, pettnaa, Sporobolug b.VIf-(24)-277 marg'inatus, Kragrotitly •i80oti« E,B>ajor, Andropj^ogon puallua!, xc,21°-2» d.78^-42 Aristida adscenslonis, e.300 m, f.S90-100 Gracllea iti^^leana CTiS, g.Vll-b/ii, b,Tea is heavily eroded and gr;;v:ert heavily. i,24-11-57. i;^'^. 6 8 9 10 Atylosla Tactona S.nenrogug 32 69.U 1600 scar&boides randla, B.pertuga t28 ardwlbkii U.oontortttg 12 binata, ^•aonianaa 8 ACacitt A.puailua 18 eaiechu* A.aristata 2 T?T«r Atyl08i» Tridax Zigjrphus J.iiervosuitt 55 87,15 3400 scarabol" procumbens, .jujuba , (JCmontanu s 27 d^s, Yemonift butea I.laxuM 1 Indlgojtera clneriltT aonosper- Folytoca sp . 7 llnifolia, ma. •A.puiailtts 4 'nyalcarpua Acacia A.ariatata 2 nj go BUS J, gafecHu, Faeudantbi Eablica stirla Bps«. 2 offlclna- Mon-grass 2 • lis . 100 Indifofera Dutaa C.niontamis 12 19«5 linifoli^i, ffionoaperma. H.con tortus 8 I.cbrdifolia. Zizyphus B.rcrtwaa fe JiTjuba. S.Bjargiaatus 2 E.viscosa 36 .iriatida ep.l4 S^roj'leaiiii 12 A.puiHil,u8 8 100 125*a.M)bazari tank KiediuB Heteropogon oontortus,Chry»tpo- catchKcnt area, black ~ f u± montanujSt Sehlae nervoaum, b.Vll-(24)-278. soil e >i lea turn, ^ridropogon puMJlus^ c.21°-12' d.78**-45» with Aristida funlcBlata,A.reducta. e,350 m. f,90-100 54 cm c,, slope. g.VIl/b/li, h«The area is prot»- ctetl for the p^'st 3 years. 1, 26-11-39, 126,a,i>eolapur Forest Ueep Afflphilophia glabra, Yheaedf^ Kenge,\-c»gpur, blfick triendre, Cenchi\»8 sp. b.VII-{24)-27y- lJ:oi5oelI'ia exaltata,0phluru6 c.21°-7» rt,79*^-0 • corymbojgis,' Heteropogon e,350 M, f.110-125 con tortus, Iselleiaa laxum, Boihrlochloa pertusn,Ralalla cjrs. arf,enteiB g.VIl/a, halhe area±H is a %ixed forest with a few patches of gru&sland. fairly p3'otected for ttr l(tst 4-5 years, i. 27-11-59. 127,o.Butibori Forewt ueep Chr>'8opogon giontamis, Sehima Area, Nagpur. black nervosum, Iselletca laxua, b,Vll-{24)-280. with pichanirriua caricbaua, ssnol 1 IschaerauBi pilosum. C.21 -10» 6 XO /Indlgofera fridax Ace da H,contortus 70 20 800 cordifolia, arablea, ^•nontanus 10 i.linifoTTa. Cfcesla ^•narvoaua 5 fistula, S^.aulcatup 5 Butea A.pumilue 5 frondosa. X,runl«uTata 5 100 Carotalaria VerBonla Tectona A«glebra 30 35 orixensis, clnera, i^randig, T.triandre 30 Indlgoiera Tridax Dalberfila ^.pertuse 10 iinlrolia« procngbens. panlcnlata, I.laxutb 10 Lageatroffila E.extiltata 5 lanceolata, 5 Acijcia H«cbntortus 5 lettcophloea E.argentea 5 "1C5' Alyslcar- Tridax Tecton* C•wontanus 90 60 3000 pus procuM- praodls. S^.nervosuia 10 rugosuB* pens, Acacia 100 Achyriai- leuCO- ' Idift th'-is phloea aspera. 4 «• 128.a,Venganga Forest ^^^^ Chrysopogon giontanms,Heteropogon range,Bhandara, deep con tortus. Pi ch.^nthiuiB caricosum, b.vjT-(25)--3'=?l. wl tti Eremupofion foveolatus^I^aeileBa gravel, laxtini, Uothriochloa p'ertusa, c.21^-8' d,79*^-70 • brcgrosiiH viaeosa,E,tenolla| e,400 M. f.l20 crs. Aristida adscensionig, g,Vfl/b/i Adnropoffon pumilus, h.Slte 13 Km.from «w.«u ~ I m till I i» I Bhandara, Are?. Is Forest with oOfe forest canopy, .>*re& grazed by village cattle periodically, i.2-12-67, 129. Soil Heteropogon coatortua,Arlgtida Orfizlng ares, deep setacea, Tsellemu laxum, Bhnndara, blaci:. i^|CBdlK|ia[g«ii gyitodon dactylon b,VIl-(25)-282. Dlchanthium annulatum, Bothriocbloa pei lu&», i. u o Andropo|,on • uroilt^s, ororobolus f!:?l -8'd.79 -ri2' " sps. ©,400 ffi, f.l2r c «= g,Y3l/a h.Area grazed all the year round, 1,2-12-57. 130.ii.rok# > n F.S,24-Ct- ShalloT* Ueteropogon contort.uB,TheiBeda 174-Bhandara. g ravel iy triandra7r>otbrlochloa b.V:i-(25)-283. soil. pertuga, laperata cyllndrica c.21*'-13' d.79''-36'^^^'^'''^ Bothriochloa Intorne^la e,350 M. |cf.l2C5- Ventiverig zizynoldcs, 100 ens. Ct'r; stO)y>gon mont>mus7 Aplude g. Vll/r. ariatata, rtphitirua coryabosus. b.Site with ± 5(K tree conopy, 1.2-12-57 \ 4 ^P 6 8 9 10 •Alj^'slc .r- Sedges. Acacia C.jBontanus 50 14v4 — Ji'lB. Tridax catechu, H.contorruB 20 1'ugosn.s, procuiH- Tenainalia E.fovGolatus It InxJigQfera banst toaentogo, Eraerogiis TTnlfoTXTa.vsrponia GyanosporiuM aps.ld felnerla/ jB<)ntapu¥^ Mother minor Cypems Bogyeliig grasses 10 serrata, 100 Indlgofera Sedges Cassia £.dacti^lon 30 "j[.lPlfolia, Xanthiua flatula, jT.lMEUtt " 20 I.cordifq- atruiaerl- Tectona B>pertusa 10 -uffl, grapdls* H>oontortus 9 Tirr Trl dax "tJBp'iiioea 2 rocum- i ens Si s, 28 A.pumiAus 2 Too" Atylpsia Euphorbia Cassia 'f.triandra 26 scarabol hirta , fistulja, B.pertusa 26 ^cntFTuiB TicTona IT. con tortus 30 Alj^slcnr- struEiB- grand! a, Bylflt era edit. 4 -riuK renaiaom., VaglHelis ToiientosoT 3p. 4 DesEodiaa I.ciliare 4 diflusuin. bosus 4 piieri a sp^ 2 Too" ]5^ Otn the baals of the fivld data presented in table III-2 (pages 3^ ^^ ^-^) At 130 representatlTe sitae, it was possible to fomulate a geveralised bot (TV) Botanical characterization of 80%wa »B«.^or grassland t>pes and their sub-types. A generalised botanical characterization of seven major v grassland types along with their sub-types has been presented In table III-3 below. Tabl» 111-3 ai>ract»ri»«tim of •aior and wiaer Grassland typs Osslgnatlen lBd«x grass speeies In orisr of MaJor,lll»or do.l»aaee. "l 2 3 4 (b) Rles fields plpla^a fnaoa (L)P>»oaay,.Eragrostla near creeks poaooidos P.BeaaT..E>oilianoasis (All) & aalt vignolo-ftttati, Sporobolns aiadarasyatanna •arshes. Bor.. s.boiyAlaa tTria;Tii>lHtr»ot 8emn«», IsaehBs glofcoaa (Hiuab) O.Ktga,.Oplis««wa ttti«anli (Rots.) P.BoanT..Eehinooliloa coloaaa (L) tink,, Paw^aliai Tagiaatna"Swar^z.« iBChawBMi olltaro. Rots,. Col» lach^^a^Jobl L. (c) KoB-laterl-> Isitfiasatai ariatatua L««lsoilw» wAghtll,Aodors« tic plains) Thsaoda jriaadra Forste.> f ^(mbarla Baclt«. Nortb KoaksB Ealalla arioataa Broaci >.YselwoaMa"" mgoaua (i)U>wor Sallsb.. * iiloBanttema carlooiWjBi A.CSMIS.. eoifatogrs. Aplada autioa L», lagorata eyliadrtea P.BoaaT* QphiBrss coryabosBs Hook., PsoadantMst 1 rla notoroellta Hooic« coAac laidiryaa J»»t hm AitiBdABona paaAla Stood., Erajrostis oides Noaa. 1 t) ^«• Botanioal agso^irtloaa S{M*f&}Scll* For»B« l«fm»Bt %9tbm t ArberMl gatedC Rtf•]!•• • -_- J - in T«bl^ « III-3) lilt—a» Dais. Parak, L«Mm»a AwtlBf UtCimina L.. gillilttnift Laaeaa aspara. Bataa awioaparaa O.Kaatsa 4,5,0, iilfaaaa PC.. »prsag .7iBttaiwr- Maola ohaa^ra Willd.. 7,8,0 AUralaataas Ma hirtM a i.. Taata«a"graa4ia L., aiayphaa ap« aa L., •waaltlTa Alt. Ja»tl. (ll)Biglittr Tli«i Caatral Konkan (lll)Lowar Imehm^mm arlatatmt L>.Iaallw» wlghtii Andara., con tog ari ,Thaiada gaadrivalyla O.Kuntaa.T.irlaadra Fondc». •alalia argantaalBrDiigh., Hataibpegoa centortap R. A »». tackawpa mgowia Saliaa.T l^aangantma~ trla mballata Hook,, Aplnda •wtica L«» CapllTTpadltta flllcalsa Bl., & tttCs iteCann. (Iv)Higher Paanflaathl• 11 rla klaplda Hook«.P,wballaia IIoo^., eentottra.Ttaaaeda iriaoidra FOrak., natcrai^gon coatortaa R. & S«, Sahlwa nnTTWM apatkifXcrroi BI.& M., Canada anadriTalvla #,Xiantsa., Arandinal-la pnatiia 3ieud». Eragroatla Intarmpta BaaaVT (d) ILatarlti^ c plaina. laohaeiMi arl eta tun L«, m)thrlo^lea pertnaa A. South Konkan eanae., Ha pn (Mntorttta^ R» & S** (1) Lower Arundlnella •itall Hachat^.&glalia awLWitea oontouni* Bronga*, lechaewua elltere Rets. (a) (11) Higk PaendmthlatirlB heteTOClita Hook«.Balalia centenra.a««entea Brongn7«Heterepog<»i contortua R^ft S,, Bethriochloa pertoea A,ea«ie» .MJcroetggiaMi ciiiaTOaliir^Mme*. leokaewwi eiiiare Heta«, I.rltciiiel stapf.y I»e^adamiaggltatma Itoxb., 15'i 8 L..iwaa biff—lit 1—liurta ra»—»«a Uidc«, Gaaria* loth. -do- -4o- 1»11* -4o- -4o- 10,12. P»gw (b) mgb«r ooato- jnjMMda triaadra pprt^»k..A»3Luda •ar» •atlea L,. Haf roaoi^jwi oo»t»rtw »•& S, S yaattdanthiatlrta hatareoUta Hook«^ laciuta—Mi aiiiara^atg*»r«»olla Hook*, Eragroatia wiiil»ldga yaaa..Dli[ltarfa •ayglaita Llnli».<»Arondinalla pniiila Stacd.. jCrthraaeoa taafcedii SXm f.» A, atrralatua Mo III CRESTLIHE (a) slta midar Thaaada qaadrlTalTla O.JQaatxa, trea T.triaadra PoCTilc.. Aplnda awtloa L*, cmopy* 15? 6 MIMf OA<»ttI«Aia iEitgtai> Jwiholim* Uatfc IT Zoniia Boryorta frma ortaitfMo Bliuio.. 11a P«rs., Q—llaSMtoroa Headi, la Blwji»« £vtmnfa Book aillla I loachifolia DC, Coiaaaaplo Aiirna «o lia Book., 27,28, eriatata'^»&A, poctfiata Nooa..CaaflBLiL "UloaowS a^ Marr«, 89,ao mollptofa gaoliaa arlwroa Moxh« wmnmw Book., aaylaaloa Hoaa..Aaaaarttaa oocKawtala L. ^Cdi— ftaii«iil«a mimU paatap«ala«k.. 9fmtlpnm Bt^karTTTirtiolllatoa Calopkyllwi iMBmylwi L., Alyaieagwia ??aaa..Aarya *ta~ laaata Jaaa., Liadamla ap.. Pbaaaoltta HailoiroplciMi ra fex««« tri«a ooatears jusgi^ itoofc. Hyi»»oi>oiMyii e»ator»g» B»& g». ^iTt>P»g»tt •yiityw. frln^., AplwiAplw ii)Hl«li«r n»paltatii» Trta., t«ciia«wi» cill»r» ll«tx,|l^. ritchtal ftaptu Arthraacon •»»%oldli stapfT* aothrtaahlaa partaa^. A.Caaua.. piafcaatMaa aiaataa BTT^A «>tP«ifiacaanil Blatt,.D« paacaganwiaig 71 •& M.. piaaila orBiJaopoda frla, (A^ PO<^V Paltophonia dtranwia A,Cnma, Iaaliaa»ai IV £AST£MiI SLOPES (a>IjQwr laalia—w ariatataa L.» BotlUPtoehAaa aJarata Mii*A»M A.aaiit»." lalaUa anteata Braaga».ffcfaWr«k!.BiAJUiliia« aBaalafaf ftiaaf., Awatoalla alUata ira»a,.Paan CCT»t»lwrl« ftni rwwtg PC.. stslUl_^^a Bmtli*, Ifaritqr B iigtiiiiaa BalK.,«aia1»>rleu« Cooka*, g»»ogia» Irtoeaylon? Sps, triflorua DC., 8yf[r(»p^ylXa Meghaaia aarplgriiairT«/a4» yracllia wtkliar|«a. Cyptalftria Cythacliaa parparaa Maamifara indtoa L», 61 •yaoraapla Kaatg>.Art (aVli^war contours Ischasy arliitatqai L««PlchwitflitiBS spau- latpg Stapf..Ptearrco«aw A,&mmi7S^imm norsosttw StapT».Hoterop5iLon eomtortas B»& S,, inisaeda triaadra yor«k»«Aplada watlca L*, Brsswpoeoa gOTao'latas Stapf > > I »al 1 aaa laxna nact,.psSadaatlULytiTia hispHa itooK., CyabopogoB waasn itartlBil Wats* (b) Bigbsr Schlaa nsryosuaa Stspf,,Plohanthlua aanula« flOBt li)Poor s411 Bothrlogi loa pel tusa <> .Caaas. Erwopog:o' a foveolatus Stapf«,Arlstidn fonicujat a K.&Rf A^adscensionis Lian.,Hstsropog oB cente'rt'ts R,y a>«,Gracil«a Roylaaaa* Sshii '» „—" » ~v aa^ —aanrssu •-•—. — — a Stapf.,AadyopogoB paailas I^xb«,QnBboplogoo n Martlnii StapfTTThelepo^on slegans Roth feragit>st'ia miaor Host., VI PWr BAlli SEAilOW gONt;p (a) Lower Sabiaa aTresaa stapf ..Chrysopogoa aoatmas COB tours. sa'wsopQgoSrw>pQgoa royaeiatafoyaelatas Stapf.stapf. ,.Hoteropogo Heteroi n ooatortus B.& s..JOicP^nthii^ anoaiaiualTtapf 163 -do- §2, 63. Lt •i C»»l«o»olAea L. TaJoaAnal 37,64, Croialimla ••dioagln»a frtdax procwab^na L,, Ui^yAeacla 65,66, i3SrSl2|Ha fii«iij^-lv5^i«; «i»^^>« '-'JHStH WlUd., 67,84, pliioaa Wllld.85, l:::?apl^ro«la^^t•i^^^ia Kli., iSHffett:;— ^•igaTactoaij a aalalma Yamoiiia eioarea Laas* traadia L., Edt..A.p»Saaoea» taw,. Ml AlMayia letebak MiaaaoiagHTllotw Alt, Bldeap bltaniata Acacia arabica Willd 52, ld.Merr..8ott Tophrpaaa parpajraa Pars., Airya«ona •watieaaa L., Hariwiekia biaata 88, ^ndigofarg linifoTia Rata., Poiygala' ^iaaensls h ., l*oxb.,Aoacia 66. sioa aeata barn., arabioa Willd., I.w>rdltolia Bayna,!^. Corcboraa faacicala«. Taaariadat iadioa L., ""landalo»a Willd., "* ria Laab. Trtdaji Krythrina ladica Saylaadia latabroga DC,, La«k . . Aaardiitra^ta CroiaiafTa fiiipaa^Beoth., procuttbana L..Lattoa« iadioa A.Jaas.. AJyaiearpuAJyaiearfmg TaglaalJyagj g DC, linlfoliVspr. Albiagia labbak Bautb. Danodiaa trlfl' "lora< a PC. Laonotla nsptifolia R.Br.Sofagiai xantbo- gicoa retu»a L> carpug-lKjTseh. VI (b) BiSh«^^ r SehlM« Bu Ic a turn A.c«mn«tls»llwi« anthOThoroides , >- aenroBOB StaplTHferyoPOgop nentanwa Trla» , Andropogoa ponAlaa Boitb.>STMIWOKOB fovoletus Stapf., BoiBrteeBToa pafjiTaa A»eawig,.Lopliopogoa trideBtatttiTHack.. Artgtlda rcdaota Stapf.. VII gA8tK«i? PLAINS (a)Low#r laellewa laxua HacdcCynbopocon nartlnll Fats., Coaiortaa Bothrlod! loa odorata A.OGBUS, B.pertaaa A.caanis thmda tyTaadra forbid Eulalla argeatea Bxoagli. Di (b)Bigli«r Sehlwa aergoaai Stapf.Chryaopegon •ontaaaa Trln., eentoors Seiil»a aaleatoB A ,caMMa.. Sorghni "purparoa i)0rayelly Serlcaa Aac et Sch. Tselleaa laxua Haek. soil apseudaathlstlria biapia«i HQOKTI Heteropogon contortm lU"^ S, ll)Peoi' aoil. Sehlaa aeivoaua Stanf..Hateropogoa oy-ntortaa K>ft S..""Andropog<» paailaa »>»»«, Ariatlda faalcalata T. A H7 laeJiaaa ithephoroldea Back, 1 •) 8 ladigeferp llaifolia Trida» proamhmiB L. Harflwlolcia biaaf feetg.»I.eorfllfoll« gUMwa oatydenf llc». ltoxb..Aicgci> 40,4I»42, E«yn e,7Hoyl»adl. » TrlolwlOTi.,_.OT: s _—plead_ - »r»Me^^a wnid. 48,44,67, _ ,aa ii»ao>pai»»fa«l^. Aiygjcanms yaglnelf ArgiMtty ••alcwia f anEDialia ertiiMla- DC. Tapftioala l.».fe»artMMiiTi' pnxparea Para. dlffnaa L.« jEiaEaiaaaa EyelTnltia altlaoidaa laUfalia Wall, Alyalcaryas wigoattg Aohyraathoa ayiiara L. ,Yaotaaa irandia h», 98,103, PC.«Alyslearpaa PalbeiKJft pgrnicu- 111,110, tt1>caoe3aa Law«.Aty- Kupltarfcia htrtaT». lata fioxb., 120,126, f oala iiiriata wTOT Vernottia oiaara Las^. .Lagaatroala 129,130. Cretalarta orixansis Itaftihittyi afTOgriutt ^anoeol ata ftall., Wllld..Aly«loan)U8 yagljialla PC«t lanaiiialia paniw- baiuBOitiwi diffuauffi lata Hoth.,Caasia 1—W -•• iiMirir • • • II »i^i •—i^B^i !• Ill fiatoia L..i^aoAi PC. arabiia WtlU.. AtlytaoPblaaa Willd., Tridaac ptoowbana L., BarttaftiKta biaata tu>xb* loaa Wllld..!. Xaothitta atruaarTua L Bowrallla aarimta Uoxb.,91,98, liaifolia H«t«., ArgcaK>na Maxicaaa L« .^eiqaia ^'raa^is L. 102,10595,9t,9»9 Alysicaiyia rugoaua " Aenywafhna aapara L, Btttaa ajoaoaparita 0« 106,109, flc.«A. t etragoaoXollu a gtmtaa.Aeacia 113,118, Edg. Phaseolus arabiea Wiild. 121,123, trilobua J^t. Eablica offlcinalla 127,128. Oaerte., Bauhiala racanoaa laak* '~*" Iodi|iofera Trtdax Accacla arabica #llId.,U0,93, Kraaduloaa WiUd., pgocaabaaa Caaala fiatula L. 94,96, fctet l.linlfaUa Antaawia acioaa graadia L., 100,101, Ratz.7 aaxiettna. Iyimoaporia a 104,107, aontaiMia liaath. 108,110, Hardwlckia bineta 112,114, &oxb».Acacla 116,116, cataobu filld.. 117,122, ^tea aoaeapajraa 124,128, Yaab..ylaypfatta aauratiaaa Laak,, Bwifciala raoeaoaa l^aak. 163 Ihe ecological classification of grasslands into najor and minor types along with detailed botanical charaotsriza- tion in tsriiis of index species of grasses in order of their dominance along with their associated heziis and shrubs as presented in the foregoing t^ible 111-3 is the first s>steBiatic attempt of its kind for the State of Maharashtra. As this characterization is based on acti^al field surveys of representative sites by randoy saapling technique it is fi^rly representative for the entire State of Maharashtra. (V) General features of priaary and secondary grassland formetions. The four great plant fo nations of the land surface of the earth are forest, grassland, desert shrub and tundra. Generally speaking huoiid lands are woodlands and dry lands are desert shrubs or waste. Typical grassland formutlons present their characteristic;^ climax along the tiansltions adjacent t* the desert or semi-arid belts. Th< extensive grasslands of the world namely great plains of North America, pralrlos of Centtal North America, Lanos in Brazil fl'i^mpas in rgentina. Steppes in Siberia, Mangolia and China, African and Austiiilinn grasslands follow the same sequence hamely dense forest through Sevannah, i-rasslands and desert so far as their locations ure concerned. In these natural grasslands the wuter table is usually very low, and the i6'. scanty annual rainfall can Juat solaten an upper soil layer not exceeding 120 to 150 oiss. in depth. Undvr sucS; conditions grasslands and cereal crops cultivation get idenlly adjusted to the soil| rainfall and general Mkllogioal conditions. In India the same general trends as abo\e are evid<*nt in the relative distribution of grasslands along the transition between woodlands and deserts. In respect of woodlands^these are closely related to the decreasing gradient of annual rainfall in (a) Sout^ to vorth and (b) East to West directions. Highest rainfall occurs in the Sourth particu larly along the Western Ght^'ts and also in Lastem taost States of Ben al and Aggaai which present typical tropical or semi- tropical forest stands, hardly providing any roon for grass lands and pastuiss. Kollcwlng ihe t%ro rainfall gradients as above, there ate successive radial transitions from ever irreen to semi-evergreen, noist declduoas to dry deciduous leading to sparse stunted scrubby vegetation interaingled with grassy patches and finally oul(iT(n'^-t'«'-3 '"^"^ aeser . In the extrene viestem parts of India we have arid to semi- arid regions of 'ajasthan, Sinjt'and Kutch. Along the pei^eters of these arid tracts we have ty|(ical grassland fomations in Northern Gu.jarath, Kuthh,i astern Funjab and Tarai or Dun belt along the lower foot-hills of Himalayas where cattle industry thrives since remote past and still represented by nomadic cattle breeding c moiiinities like nVaries, Hharwars, Gujers, Shephards etc. It is curious to note that along ascending heights throughout the Hioialayan range there is a permanent grassland belt along the tjannitlon between the tree line and th^ snow line ooaparable to tenperate grasslands like tundras along extreme Morthem and Southern latitudes in the ottoular regions. These really constitute the natural priwary grassland rgtouB in the Tndian sub~continent. Apart from these prlra&r> ^.rasslands, the secondary grassland formations may gradually evolve as a roKUlt of various forif.s of ! uman interfeience ith natural veg( tat onril feattii^s. This may include uncontrolled cutting of forests, opening of new lands for cultivation, natural forest fires, erosion etc. As a result oi these f )ms of t^uman interference, the originally restricted natural grassland belt has gradually expanded so as to cover wider terretories. Thus for instance, since ancient times every village located in nny part of Indlii has a resi rve coBimon village pasture fo! grazing the cattle herds of the local rural communities. Presunably such village pastures may have been establishsd by clearing the natural arboreal growth. This has created secondary aan-aade grassland forr/>ation8 on extensive scale throuehout the country. Such village pastures cuKnilativ ly h In the restricted context of the State of Maharasht*-a, the same general trends as indicated above are »ore or less repeated. The pzlBary natural grassland belt within the State is mostly restricted to secti-arid areas in the region V as already characterized earlier. This region includes Eastern parts of the distritSts of Dhulia, Naslk, Poena, satara and Sangli, western parts ot the districts of Aurangabad, Bhir and Osnanabad and the entire distriets of Ahnednagar and Sholapur, Due to relative abundance of gras^flands, ihese districts are well known froa ancient times for some of the finest breeds of cattle auoh as Khilar, Nimar and breeds of buffaloes, sheep and goats. As the natural forests gave way to progressive extensions in cultivated lands during several centuries past, secondary grassland fomtations emerged r,lth a variety of local patterns in respect of botanical composition, euocession and association. This include^ extensive high land areas al >ng the coastal belt (region TI), Eastern slopes of Western Ghats'^as also the transition belt of Maval^ regions IV and V respectively)^ and the piedium rainfall areas toward Kast and North-East (region VII), 16? In al! these secondary tormntiona the local grasslands are fflostly attached to individual village coBidunities as cociBion pastures. (VI) Progreasive and retrogresaive successions In grassland types. As stated above, both naturi (8 10 0:! O G O « « U a q, o •*<» 9 9 t4 « ••» ^ 9 o X • s 9 9 ••» 9 i &3 g 3' o • • u « 9 • 3 s a I 9 « -J <9 (0 9 9 £ « •a •*» «B 3 61 O O a «B B .a s a O « a a a •*» a c o OB a O -^ •H I 9 o n ce e a a 0 § o u 9 9 1 9 g Q a a O o 9 o •a [>. U o M 0 0 a M |4 n O 0. o Y a I s o a a o M v S •• a a v4 i-t a n B n P "H e 2 «4 9 o o a "H o u m a H '>»/ (S a St a 9 3 a 9 ^ a Ha O 9 O ce 3 w 9X1 •» § O o ft s ••a a < a BB U 5 o o m M •a 9 i3^ « a « a o 8 u to a » I 9 a «1-4 16 a a - ^^ e e « x: "H •H +» CO O 3 C9 T» ^» iC s ^ •-« V* § IN V O s O >»'M H o !§% o a M %4 •H a 9 H Wi « • CS »4 h « « Aa f-l O • -SMl^g