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Surface Water Supply of the United States 1912 Part V

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Surface Water Supply of the United States 1912 Part V DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 325 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES 1912 PART V. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND HUDSON BAT BASINS BY A. H. HORTON, W. G. HOYT AND H. J. JACKSON WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1914 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SUEVEY GEORGE OTI8 SMITH, DIBECTOB WATER- SUPPLY PAPER 325 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF THE UNITED STATES 1912 PAKT T. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND HUDSON BAY BASINS BY A. H. HORTON, W. G. HOYT AND H. J. JACKSON WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1914 CONTENTS. Page. Authorization, and scope of work............................................. 7 Publications. .............................................................. 8 Definition of terms......................................................... 11 Convenient equivalents.......... ^......................................... 12 Explanation of data........................................................ 13 Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results................. 14 Cooperation................................................................ 16 Division of work.......................................................... 16 Station records............................................................ 17 Hudson Bay drainage area in the United States.......................... 17 St. Mary River near Babb, Mont.................................... 17 St. Mary River below Swiftcurrent Creek, at Babb, Mont............ 19 St. Mary River near Cardston, Alberta............................... 23 Swiftcurrent Creek at McDermott Lake, Mont........................ 25 Swiftcurrent Creek at Sherburne Lake, Mont........................ 27 Ottertail River near Fergus Falls, Minn.............................. 28 Red River at Fargo, N. Dak....................................... 31 Red River at Grand Forks, N. Dak................................. 33 Pelican River near Fergus Falls, Minn............................... 36 Wild Rice River at Twin Valley, Minn.............................. 38 Devils Lake near Devils Lake, N. Dak............................... 40 Red Lake River at Thief River Falls, Minn.......................... 40 Red Lake River at Crookston, Minn................................ 43 Thief River near Thief River Falls, Minn............................ 45 Clearwater River at Red Lake Falls, Minn.......................... 47 South Branch of Two Rivers at Hallock, Minn....................... 49 Pembina River at Neche, N. Dak................................... 51 Roseau River at Dominion City, Canada............................. 53 West Branch of Roseau River near Malung, Minn.................... 54 Mouse River at Minot, N. Dak...................................... 57 Evaporation at University, N. Dak.................................. 59 Rainy River at International Falls, Minn........................... 60 Rainy Lake near Ranier, Minn...................................... 64 Vermilion River below Lake Vermilion, near Tower, Minn.......... 65 Little Fork River at Little Fork, Minn............................... 67 Big Fork River at Big Falls, Minn.................................. 70 Upper Mississippi River drainage basin................................. 71 Mississippi River above Sandy River, near Libby, Minn............. 71 Mississippi River at Anoka, Minn................................... 72 Mississippi River at St. Paul, Minn.................................. 75 Sandy River below Sandy Lake Reservoir, Minn..................... 77 Pine River below Pine River Reservoir, Minn....................... 79 Crow Wing River, at Nimrod, Minn................................. 80 Crow Wing River at Pillager, Minn.................................. 82 Long Prairie River near Motley, Minn.............................. 84 3 4 CONTENTS. Station records Continued. Upper Mississippi River drainage basin Continued. Page. Sauk River near St. Cloud, Minn.................................... 87 Elk River near Big Lake, Minn..................................... 89 Crow River at Rockford, Minn...................................... 91 South Fork of Crow River near Rockford, Minn...................... 94 Rum River at Onamia, Minn........................................ 95 Rum River at Cambridge, Minn..................................... 97 Minnesota River near Odessa, Minn................................. 99 Minnesota River near Montevideo, Minn............................. 101 Minnesota River near Mankato, Minn................................ 104 Whetstone River near Big Stone, S. Dak............................. 106 Lac qui Parle River at Lac qui Parle, Minn......................... 108 Chippewa River near Watson, Minn................................. 110 Redwood River near Redwood Falls, Minn.......................... 113 Cottonwood River near New Ulna, Minn............................ 114 St. Croix River near St. Croix Falls, Wis............................. 117 Kettle River near Sandstone, Minn.................................. 118 Snake River at Mora, Minn......................................... 120 Cannon River at Welch, Minn....................................... 123 Chippewa River at Chippewa Falls, Wis............................. 125 Red Cedar River at Cedar Falls, Wis................................ 126 Zumbro River at Zumbro Falls, Minn.................................. 127 South Fork of Zumbro River near Zumbro Falls, Minn................ 130 Root River near Houston, Minn..................................... 131 North Branch of Root River near Lanesboro, Minn................... 133 Wisconsin River near Rhinelander, Wis............................. 136 Wisconsin River at Merrill, Wis..................................... 137 Wisconsin River near Necedah, Wis................................. 138 Wapsipinicon River at Stone City, Iowa............................. 138 Iowa River near Iowa Falls, Iowa................................... 140 Cedar River near Austin, Minn..................................... 141 Cedar River at Cedar Rapids, Iowa................................. 145 Des Moines River at Jackson, Minn................................. 146 Des Moines River near Fort Dodge, Iowa............................ 148 Des Moines River at Keosauqua, Iowa ............................... 151 Sangamon River near Monticello, 111................................. 155 Sangamon River at Riverton, 111.................................... 157 Sangamon River near Oakford, 111.................................. 159 South Fork of Sangamon River near Taylorville, 111.................. 160 Salt Creek near Kenney, 111........................................ 162 Cahokia Creek near Poag, 111....................................... 165 Kaskaskia River near Arcola, 111..................................... 166 Kaskaskia River at Shelbyville, 111.................................. 167 Kaskaskia Riverat Vandalia, 111.................................... 170 Kaskaskia River at Carlyle, 111..................................... 173 Kaskaskia River at New Athens, 111................................ 175 Shoal Creek near Breese, 111......................................... 177 Silver Creek near Lebanon, 111..................................... 179 Big Muddy River near Cambon, 111................................. 182 Beaucoup Creek near Pinckneyville, 111............................ 184 Miscellaneous measurements................................................ 186 Summary of mean discharge per square mile................................ 186 Index.................................................................... 189 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PLATE I. Typical gaging stations........................................... 14 II. Price current meters............................................... 15 5 SURFACE WATER SUPPLY OF UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND HUDSON BAY BASINS, 1912. By A. H. HORTON, W. G. HOYT, and H. J. JACKSON AUTHORIZATION AND SCOPE OF WORK. This volume is one' of a series of 12 reports presenting results of measurements of flow made on streams in the United States during the calendar year 1912. ( The data presented in these reports were collected by the United States Geological Survey under authority implied in the organic law (20 Stat. L., p. 394) which contains the following paragraph: Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the geological survey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological struc­ ture, mineral resources, and products of the national domain. The work was begun in 1888 in connection with special studies of water supply for irrigation. Since the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, successive sundry civil bills passed by Congress have carried the following item and appropriations: For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the prepara­ tion of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources. Annual appropriations for the fiscal years ending June SO, 1895-1913. 1895......................................................... $12,500 1896......................................................... 20,000 1897 to 1900, inclusive....................................... 50,000 1901 to 1902, inclusive....................................... 100,000 1903to 1906, inclusive......................................... 200,000 1907......................................................... 150,000
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