get organized See , The Beatles, with a new introduction, New York: Norton, 2009.

Brian Epstein (1934-1967) -Family took over Nems (North End Music Stores) in 1930s -Brian in charge of record department -By 1961 the stores are thriving and Brian is getting bored - October 28, 1961 request for “” starts the hunt for this group called the Beatles. He went to the Cavern to hear them November 9, 1961. -First meeting Dec. 3, 1961 Bob Wooller of is there -Dec. 10, 1961 a contract is signed -Nems Enterprises is his management company -Brian finishes what Astrid started: suits, scheduling, rules of behavior (no smoking on stage, a program to follow) “making it real” - John -starts working with -audition January 1, 1962 and nothing happened and Decca passed –as did many others

Beatles go to Hamburg for a third trip in April –June 1962 -recording for Polydor as backup band -Brian insists they fly to Germany

May 1962 -Brian also makes the tapes into a record at HMV (retail branch of EMI) -the technician likes the tapes and connects Brian with of , a division of EMI

June 6, 1962, Beatles audition for George Martin (1926-2016)

July 1962 Martin offers contract with Parlophone -this is when the Beatles replace with -Pete not told about contract and on August 16, 1962 is fired by Brian Ringo Starr (1940- ) -born Richard Starkey to Elsie Gleave and Richard Starkey -separated when Ringo was 3 - At 6 his appendix burst / peritonitis set in -hospitalized for a little over one year (ten weeks in a coma) -at 13 hospitalized for pleurisy (two years) -drummer for Eddie Clayton Skiffe band and played for other joiner apprentices -then joined Rory Storme (’s leading group) -Ringo is a favorite with fans and other -first met Beatles in 1960 in Hamburg at the -played with Tony Sheirdan in Hamburg -offered car, housing and wages for a year to stay in Hamburg -decided to come back to Liverpool and summer 1962 Beatles offered him a job

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21M.299 The Beatles Spring 2017

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