South Africa's Standing in International Sport

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Alternative title Notes and Documents - United Nations Centre Against ApartheidNo. 20/78 Author/Creator United Nations Centre against Apartheid Publisher United Nations, New York Date 1978-07-00 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa Coverage (temporal) 1978 Source Northwestern University Libraries Description A list of sports with South Africa's status in the corresponding international organizations. Format extent 14 page(s) (length/size)

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http://www.aluka.org SOUTH AFRICA'S STANDING

SOUTH AFRICA'S STANDING Il INTERNATIONAL SPORT * All material in these notes and documents may be freely reprinted. 78-17389 Acknowledgement, together with a copy of the publication containing the reprint, would be appreciated.

-1- Introduction The United Nations General Assembly has declared its unqualified support for the Olympic principle that no discrimination be allowed on the grounds of race, religion or political affiliation; condemned the actions of the South African Government in enforcing racial discrimination and segregation in sports; and called for the cessation of exchanges with South African sports teams selected in violation of the Olympic principle. On l December 1977, the Assembly adopted and proclaimed the International Declaration against Apartheid in Sports, pending the adoption of an international convention against apartheid in sports. Many Governments, sports bodies and other organizations have taken action to prevent exchanges with racially-selected South African sports teams. South Africa was excluded from the Olympic Games in Tokyo in 1964 and in Mexico City in 1968. In 1970, the International Olympic Committee expelled South Africa from the Olympic Movement. South Africa's racist sports organizations have also been excluded from several international sports federations. The campaign against apartheid sports continues, as some international sports federations have not taken the necessary action, and as South Africa has tried, by some adjustments within the apartheid policy, to restore international contacts.

- 2 - Summary (a) : Archery Athletics Basketball Bobsleigh Boxing Canoeing Cycling Equestrian Fencing Football Gymnastics Handball Hockey Ice hockeyJudo Luge . . . Olympic Gain Pentathlon Rowing Shooting Skating Skiing Swimming Volleyball Weightlifti Wrestling Yacht racin ...... full member ...... expelled in 1976 ...... full member nd tobogganing . . ... not a member ...... expelled in 1968 ...... suspended, but participates in international competition ...... expelled in 1970 sport ...... full member ...... full member, but suspended from world championships ...... expelled in 1976 ...... full member ...... not a member ...... full member, but does not take part in world championships ...... not a member ...... not a member ...... not a member nes ...... expelled in 1970 and biathlon ...... full member ...... full member, but does not take part in world championships ...... full member ...... full member ...... not a member ...... expelled in 1973 ...... not a member ing ...... expelled in 1972 ...... expelled in 1970 g...... full member

-3- (b) Non-Olympic Sports, but Recognized Committee: Aeronautics . . . Badminton .... Baseball .... Body building . . Bowling ..... Casting ..... Orienteering . . . Pin bowling . . . Roller-skating . . Rugby ...... Silent sports Softball . . Table tennis Taekwondo . ... Tennis University sports Water-skiing by the International Olympic ...... full member ...... full member (vide notes) ...... vide notes ...... full member ...... full member ...... full member ...... not a member ...... not a member ...... full member ...... vide notes ...... full member ...... full member ...... vide notes ...... not a member ...... full member ...... not a member ...... full member, but not allowed to participate in world championships

-4 - (c) Other Sports Angling (CIPS) Chess .... . . . .... Golf . Karate . . . Motor sports . Netball . . . Paraplegics . rackets Trampoline Tug-of-war ...... °.,...... o...... According to the House of Assembly Debates (Hansard) of 4 April 1978, South Africa can also participate internationally in the following sports: Croquet Cruising Fishing and angling Life saving Masters athletics Model boating Polocrosse Power boating Surf riding Underwater sports Veteran and vintage cars suspended suspended membership cancelled vide notes full member full member full member suspended full member full member full member full member

Details regarding each sport discipline Aeronautics: South Africa is a member of the International Aeronautics Federation (FAI) which caters for hang-gliding, gliding and parachuting. The 1977 World Hang-gliding Championships scheduled for South Africa were cancelled because several countries refused to participate. South Africa is expected to take part in the World Gliding Championships at Chateauroux, France, in October 1978. Angling and fishing: South Africa is a suspended member of the Club International de P~che Sportive (CIPS). There are various other angling and fishing organizations which allow South Africa to participate. The Minister of Sport and Recreation announced in Parliament on 4 April 1978 that the following angling and fishing organizations are members of international associations: South African Target Casting Association; South African Light Tackle Boat Anglers Association; South African Rock and Surf Angling Association; South African Ski Boat Angling Association; Game Fish Association of South Africa; South African Fresh Water Anglers Union; South African Casting Association. Archery: South Africa was barred from participation in the World Archery Championships held in Australia early 1977, by the refusal of the Australian Government to grant entry visas. Attletics: South Africa was expelled from the International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF) on 22 July 1976 at its Congress in Montreal. Badminton: Although South Africa is still a member of the International Badminton Federation (IBF) it has been barred recently from participation in world championships. In late 1977, because of dissatisfaction with its administration, many third world countries withdrew from the IBF and formed the World Badminton Federation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. South Africa is not a member of the World Badminton Federation.

-6- Baseball: South Africa is listed as a member of the International Amateur Baseball Federation but has defaulted by not paying its subscriptions. Basketball: South Africa is a member of the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). Biathlon: Although South Africa is a full member of the International Modern Pentathlon and Biathlon Union, it does not take part in biathlon events. Billiards and snooker: In 1976, the World Snooker Championships was held in South Africa. Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Northern Ireland, Isle of Man, , Malta and Scotland took part. India and Sri Lanka refused to participate. South Africa was barred from the 1977 World Championships held in Australia. The 1978 World Championships are scheduled to take place in Sri Lanka,and South Africa is not likely to participate. Bobsleigh and toboggan in&: South Africa is not a member of the International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation (FIBT). Body building: South Africa is a full member of the International Body Building Federation (IBBF) and has, so far, participated in all its activities. Bowls: South Africa's women's team was barred from participation in the World Women's Bowls Championships held in England in 1977. Boxing: South Africa was expelled from the International Amateur Boxing Association (AIBA) in 1968. Professional boxing is very loosely organized around two bodies, viz., the World Boxing Council (WBC) and the World Boxing Association (WBA). The 1978 WBA Congress is scheduled to take place in South Africa in October 1978.

Canoeing: South Africa has been conditionally suspended by the international body. South Africans may participate individually in certain competitions. Casting: (vide Angling). Chess: The International Chess Federation (FIDE) suspended South Africa in June 197h but the suspension was lifted in 1976 at the FIDE Congress held in Israel. However, in July 1977, FIDE again suspended South Africa until it is definite that there is no racial discrimination in chess in that country. Cricket: The South African Cricket Association ceased to be a member of the Imperial Cricket Conference (later re-named International Cricket Conference - ICC) in 1961, after South Africa left the Commonwealth. However, it maintained bilateral relations with member countries of the ICC. A tour of the United Kingdom was called off in 1970 after Government intervention, and the MCC (English cricket authorities) announced it will not play South Africa until cricket in that country is completely mixed. A tour of Australia in 1971 was cancelled by the Australian Cricket Board. The Australian Cricket Board also cancelled a tour of South Africa for the 1975-1976 season. In effect, South Africa has been excluded from international cricket since 1970. Cycling: The International Amateur Cycling Federation (FIAC) decided in March 1970 not to accept the application of the South African Cycling Federation. This decision was confirmed in January 1973. However, South Africa still invites overseas cyclists (especially from Belgium, France, Italy and Portugal) to participate in their meetings. Darts: The World Darts Federation (WDF) was inaugurated in London on 21 March 1976 and it accepted the Non-Racial South African Darts Board of Control (SADBOC) as a member. The President of the Non-Racial SADBOC was elected President of the World Darts Federation. The Non-Racial SADBOC has pledged that until there is complete freedom in the movement of play in South Africa, it will not accept any invitation to play in the world fixtures.

-8- The management committee of the ITF decided at a special session held on 23 March 1970 to bar South Africa from the Competition as its presence was endangering the Davis Cup programme. South Africa was excluded from the Competition in 1971 and 1972. However, since 1973 South Africa has been allowed to play in various American zones. In February 1978, an ITF Commission visited South Africa to investigate the administration of tennis in that country. The ITF Management Committee announced on 16 April 1978 that it will recommend to the Council in July 1978 that South Africa be excluded from the 1978/1979 Davis Cup and Federation Cup Competitions. Equestrian Sport: South Africa is a full member of the International Equestrian Federation (FEI). Fencing: South Africa is still a member of the International Fencing Federation (FIE). A motion to expel South Africa was defeated by 22 votes to 14 at the FIE Congress held in Monte Carlo in May 1978. Football: South Africa was expelled from the International Football Federation (FIFA) by 78 votes to 9 at its Congress held in Montreal on 15 July 1976. Golf: South Africa is a member of the World Amateur Golf Council. The Golf Tournament (for professionals) was scheduled for Ireland in July 1978. The venue has now been changed because of the threat of demonstrations against South Africa's participation by Irish anti-apartheid groups.

-9- Gymnastics: South Africa is a member of the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) but it has been barred from participation in world championships since 1970. At the Gymnastics Congress held in Rome in November 1977, the motion to expel South Africa was defeated by 25 votes to 16. An Algerian motion that South Africa should be suspended until apartheid ended received 22 votes in favour and 21 against, but was not carried as it required a 75 per cent majority. Handball: South Africa is not a member of the International Handball Federation (IHF). Hockey: South Africa is a member of the International Hockey Federation (FIH). However, African members have managed to bar South Africa from world championships. South Africa is not a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF). Judo: South Africa is not a member of the International Judo Federation, nor has it ever applied to join. Karate: South Africa is a full member of the International Karate Federation. An English Karate team toured South Africa in 1977. Lifesaving: South Africa is a member of the international organizations catering for both still water and surf lifesaving. The last World Surf Lifesaving Congress was held in South Africa in 1977. South Africans hold senior offices in the World Surf Lifesaving Association. Luge: (vide bobsleigh and tobogganing). Masters athletics: A United States initiated veteran athletics organization holds athletics meetings in some parts of the world. It was reported in the press that South Africans took part in its 1977 Meet held in Stockholm, , as members of the American team.

- 10 - Motor Sport: International Grand Prix racing is sponsored mainly by commercial concerns dealing with motor parts and accessories. The South African Grand Prix forms part of the World Grand Prix Motor Championship circuit. South Africans were barred from the 1977 World Motor Cycle Championships held in Yugoslavia. Netball: South Africa has been suspended from participation in world championships since 1970. Olympic Games: South Africa was barred from the Olympic Games in 1964 and 1968. In 1970 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) expelled South Africa from the Olympic Movement. Parachuting: (vide aeronautics). Paraplegics: Racist South Africa has retained its international membership under the pretext that it is a non-racial organization. Pentathlon and Biathlon: The 1977 World Modern Pentathlon Championship was held in the United States and South Africa's entry was withdrawm (see also under Biathlon). Pin-bowling: South Africa is not a member of the International Pin Bowling Federation. Polo: South Africa has bilateral relations in this sport with several Latin American countries. Roller-skating: South Africa is a member of the international body catering for roller-skating.

-II- Rowing: South Africa is a member of the International Rowing Federation (FISA), but it has been barred from participating in world championships. Rugby: South Africa is not a member of the F~d6ration Internationale de Rugby Amateur. However, white countries of the old British Empire formed the International Rugby Board (IRB). Member countries of the Board arrange bilateral tours. The IRB now consists of England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and France. The 1976 rugby tour by the New Zealand team sparked off the withdrawal of 19 African countries, Iraq and Guyana from the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal. In 1978, Scotland called off a tour of South Africa, and Britain cancelled its invitation to the South African Rugby team. However, South Africa is scheduled to tour France in December 1978. Shooting: South Africa is a full member of the International Shooting Union (UIT). Silent sports: South Africa is a member of the International Committee of the Silent Sports (CISS). At the 1977 Congress of CISS, held in Bucharest, some countries objected to South Africa's membership but the matter was left in abeyance as South Africa was not present at the meeting. Skating: South Africa is a full member of the International Skating Union (ISU). Skiin: South Africa is not a member of the International Ski Federation but it has applied for affiliation. Snooker: (vide billiards). Soccer: (vide football). - 12 - Softball: South Africa was suspended by the International Softball Federation in 1976, but in April 1977 the Federation lifted the suspension. Squash: South Africa is a member of the International Squash Rackets Federation. It was barred from participating in the 1977 World Championships held in Canada, and an expulsion motion, introduced by Nigeria, failed to receive the necessary two- thirds vote for passage. Surf lifesaving: (vide lifesaving). Swimming: The South African Amateur Swimming Union (SAASU) was expelled from international swimming in August 1973. The Non-Racial South African Amateur Swimming Federation (SAASWIF) has applied for affiliation to the International Swimming Federation (FINA). The white SAASU has also re-applied. FINA has now appointed a Commission to investigate swimming in South Africa. Table Tennis: The white South African Table Tennis Union was expelled from the International Table Tennis Federation in 1956 and the Non-Racial South African Table Tennis Board was accepted as a member. When members of the Non-Racial South African Table Tennis Board returned after participating in the World Championships in 1957 the South African Government confiscated their passports. The Non-Racial Board has now announced that it will not participate in international competition until conditions in South Africa are conducive to nonracial play at all levels. Tennis: The International Tennis Federation (ITF) has rejected proposals since 1965 for the exclusion of the white South African Tennis Union (SATU). The weighted voting system and the proviso that an expulsion motion must be "carried by a majority of at least four-fifths of the votes properly recorded at a General Meeting" have made it extremely difficult to expel South Africa from the ITF. (Two European countries, Britain and France, have more votes than the whole of Africa put together.)

- 13 - Trampolining: The 1978 was scheduled to take place in Australia but has now been moved to the United States because the Australian Government, in accordance with United Nations resolutions, will not grant the South Africans entry visas. Tug Of War: In October 1976, the World Championship was held in South Africa. The apartheid Government donated R70,000 towards the cost of staging the championships. The 1978 World Championship is scheduled for Dundalk, Ireland, on 9 and 10 September and South Africa has been invited to participate. University sports: South Africa is not a member of the International University Sports Federation but it has bilateral relations with some West European countries. Volleyball: South Africa is not a member of the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB). Water 4kiing: South Africa was barred from participating in the World Championships held in Milan, Italy, on 1 September 1977. South Africa is not allowed to participate in world championships until 1980 when the matter is reviewed. Weightlifting: South Africa was expelled from the International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) in 1972. Wrestling: South Africa was suspended from international wrestling in 1970. It is now "not affiliated to the International Amateur Wrestling Federation (FILA)". Yacht racing: South Africa was barred from the World Championship held in Australia in 1976. However, in 1977, it took part in world championships in some of the "classes" held in West , Ireland and France.