History of 9-11

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7/,the United Cl"nt,, Flight 93 For close-up of the photo, visit: http://bit.ly/Timeline911 A film created by students from Texas School for the Deaf

To view video, visit: http://bit.ly/ERCOD911YouTube Use this web link to direct students to the Interactive Timeline: https://timeline.911memorial.org/#FrontPage

Image source: http://bit.ly/TerrorismCollage

To view video, visit: http://bit.ly/JadeFilm911Website

Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan One Web Investigation 1 - Events of 9/11

Student name:______Date: ______Teacher: ______Period/Class: ______Weblink: http://timeline.national911memorial.org/

1) What is the name of the suspected group of terrorists that hijacked 4 planes?

2) Where did the hijackers first get on board a plane to connect with Flight 11?

a) Chicago, Illinois b) Portland, Maine c) Atlanta, Georgia d) Baltimore, Maryland

3) Name one of the conferences that was happening at the World Trade Centers on 9/11/2012.

______

4) What did Flight Attendants Betty Ong and Madeline Amy Sweeney do that made them heroes of Flight 11?

______

5) Where was President Bush when the 9/11 attacks began?

a) At his ranch in Crawford, Texas b) At an elementary school in Sarasota, Florida c) In the White House d) Giving a speech in Los Angeles, California

6) In which three states of the US did the three flights crash?

1. ______2. ______3. ______

7) Who ordered the evacuation of lower Manhattan in New York City where World Trade Center was located? a) President George Bush b) Osama Bin Laden c) Rudy Giuliani, the mayor of New York City d) Federal Aviation Agency (FAA)

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan One Web Investigation 1 - Events of 9/11

8) How many survived the North Tower Collapse? ______

9) What is the approximate number of deaths on that day, resulting the single largest loss of life resulted from a foreign attack on American soil?

______

10) Put in order the events that happened first and put down the times it happened.

______Collapse of South Tower TIME: ______Plane crash in Pentagon TIME: ______Plane crash into South Tower of WTC TIME: ______Collapse of North Tower TIME: ______Plane crash into North Tower of WTC TIME: ______Plane crash in Somerset Co, Pennsylvania TIME: ______Collapse of Pentagon E Ring TIME: ______

2 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan One Web Investigation 1 - Events of 9/11

ANSWER KEY:

1) What is the name of the suspected group of terrorists that hijacked 4 planes?

Al Qaeda

2) Where did the hijackers first get on board a plane to connect with Flight 11?

a) Chicago, Illinois b) Portland, Maine c) Atlanta, Georgia d) Baltimore, Maryland

3) Name one of the conferences that was happening at the World Trade Centers on 9/11/2012.

Risk Waters technology conference Or National Association of Business Economics conference

4) What did Flight Attendants Betty Ong and Madeline Amy Sweeney do that made them heroes of Flight 11?

They stayed on the line for almost entire duration of flight, providing hijacker’s seat numbers to the FBI, jumpstarting the investigation.

5) Where was President Bush when the 9/11 attacks began?

a) At his ranch in Crawford, Texas b) At an elementary school in Sarasota, Florida c) In the White House d) Giving a speech in Los Angeles, California

6) In which three states of the US did the three flights crash?

1. New York 2. Virginia (near Washington, D.C.) 3. Pennsylvania

3 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan One Web Investigation 1 - Events of 9/11

8) How many survived the North Tower Collapse? 14 survivors

9) What is the approximate number of deaths on that day, resulting in the single largest loss of life resulted from a foreign attack on American soil?

Three thousand (3,000)

10) Put in order the events that happened first and put down the times it happened.

__4___ Collapse of South Tower TIME: __9:59 AM___ __3___ Plane crash in Pentagon TIME: ____9:37 AM______2___ Plane crash into South Tower of WTC TIME: ____9:03 AM______7__ Collapse of North Tower TIME: ___10:28 AM______1___ Plane crash into North Tower of WTC TIME: ____8:46 AM______5___ Plane crash in Somerset Co, Pennsylvania TIME: ___10:03 AM______6___ Collapse of Pentagon E Ring TIME: ____10:15 AM______

4 info.texasdhhresources.org/9-11 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two Worksheet 2 - Terrorism or Not

Terrorism or Not? By Whose Definition?

Look at the three definitions of terrorism on Appendix A.

Determine if the event was or was not a terrorist attack according to these three definitions and then according to YOU!

Did your opinion change from Worksheet One? Be prepared to defend your answers.

Was the event below a terrorist attack according to Webster FBI UN YOU Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No WTC & Pentagon

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Columbine

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Israeli Olympic Athletes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Oklahoma City

Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Wisconsin Sikh Temple Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Fort Hood

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents

List of Incidents Attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon (9/11) Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

Columbine High School Shootings Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents

Killing of Israeli Olympic Athletes Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

Norway Youth Camp Massacre Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

2 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents

Shootings in Wisconsin Sikh Temple Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

Fort Hood Killings Where? Location of incident

When? Date of incident

Person(s) or Group Who? responsible for incident

Person(s) that are the Who? victims

Why? Purpose of incident

Yes No Why or Why Not?

Terrorism?

3 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Three

Lesson Title: Expansion Activity – Experience of 9/11 by Deaf Individuals

Grade Level: High School

Estimated time: One class period of 55 minutes each

Lesson Description: Expansion Activity – Deaf Individuals’ Experience of 9/11

Standards Met: Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for High School

113.41 United States History Studies Since 1877

(C)(2-D)

(2) History. The student understands traditional historical points of reference in U.S. history from 1877 to the present. The student is expected to: (D) Explain the significance of the following years as turning points: 1898 (Spanish-American War), 1914-1918 (World War I), 1929 (the Great Depression begins), 1939-1945 (World War II), 1957 (Sputnik launch ignites U.S.-Soviet space race), 1968-1969 (Martin Luther King Jr. assassination and U.S. lands on the moon), 1991 (Cold War ends), 2001 (terrorist attacks on World Trade Center and the Pentagon), and 2008 (election of first black president, Barack Obama)

Lesson Objective: • The students will identify unique challenges experienced by deaf individuals on the day of 9/11 and identify actions they should take in the event of a terrorist attack

Materials: • ASL Lecture Video: o “The Deaf Experience” [2 min. 25 sec]

• PowerPoint and Links: o “The Deaf Experience” o PPT comes with embedded link for the videos: § Fear in Silence: The Forgotten Underdogs [14 min. 15 sec] § Terrorism Preparedness Videos [13 min. 38 sec]

• Sheets of lined paper for Essay about videos (if applicable)

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Three

Lesson Procedure:

1. Introduction Activities – (~55 minutes TOTAL)

i. View “The Deaf Experience” [2 min. 25 sec] and then “Fear in Silence: The Forgotten Underdogs” [14 min. 15 sec] ii. Follow with a discussion of students’ reactions and speculation of what they would have done in the same situations

2. Discuss: Students share times when lack of information caused them fear (20 minutes)

3. Brainstorm solutions for emergency notification for deaf and hard of hearing people and chart ideas (20 minutes)

4. Watch the Terrorism Preparedness Videos [13 min. 38 sec] for what to do in a Terrorist Attack. Check to see how many students’ solutions were captured and what new strategies were offered

Assessment/Evaluation:

Essay on the 9/11 Fear In Silence Clip - • Which of the stories touched you the most? What emergency notification or procedures would have helped in this particular situation? • Can you relate to the stories of 9/11? Have you ever experienced any kind of terror or fear and you didn’t have the information you needed? • What did you learn from the experiences of the people in the film?

Additional Resources

Accessible Emergency Information: This websites focuses on preparing for any kind of emergency. There are a total of 64 emergency-related videos signed in ASL. But for terrorism-related, there are two parts: TOTAL VIEWING TIME: 13 min. 38 secs] • http://www.accessibleemergencyinfo.com/

o Video 1: “Terrorism Pt 1” by Preparedness4Deaf YouTube [6 minutes 28 seconds] o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qH9nnbM9zbY&feature=relmfu

o Video 2: “Terrorism Pt 2” by Preparedness4Deaf YouTube [7 minutes 10 seconds] o http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NaucVVbzKrA&feature=relmfu

More educational videos on Emergency Preparedness: • http://www.cepintdi.org/being-prepared/deaf-and-hard-of-hearing-disaster- preparedness-video [11 min 42 sec]

2 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Three

Deaf Inc. Emergency Preparedness Videos: • http://www.deafinc.org/aware/disaster-preparedness.html • This 3 video clips focuses on preparing an emergency kit, what to do in case a tornado, a hurricane, or a flood is coming.

Fear In Silence: The Forgotten Underdogs This is a documentary created by a Deaf African American filmmaker, Ann Marie Jade Bryan, who interviewed Deaf individuals who witnessed the day of Sept. 11. This website includes more information on this documentary- including place to purchase a DVD. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GR1ZNzIjKbc

3 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two Appendix A

Definitions of Terrorism THERE IS NO SINGLE, UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED,

DEFINITION OF T E R R O R I S M. Countries define the term according to their own beliefs and to support their own national interests. SO IT DEPENDS ON WHO YOU ASK.

According to Webster’s University Dictionary, terrorism is:

“the systematic use of violence, terror, and intimidation to achieve an end”

According to the FBI, terrorism is defined as:

“the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives” www.fbi.gov

According to the UN, terrorism is defined as:

“any action...that is intended to cause death or serious bodily harm to civilians or noncombatants, when the purpose of such an act, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a Government or an international organization to do or abstain from doing any act.” From Dworkin, Anthony. Terrorism in Gutman, Rieff and Dworkin, Crimes of War: What the Public Should Know 2.0. London,W.W.Norton,2007: 396-399.

WHAT DO YOU THINK? Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two

Lesson Title: Defining Terrorism

Grade Level: High School

Estimated time: Two class periods of 55 minutes each

Lesson Description: Students will examine multiple definitions of terrorism and discuss whether different events qualify as acts of terrorism

Standards Met: Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for High School

113.41 United States History Studies Since 1877

(C)(2-D)

Lesson Objectives: • Students will be able to examine multiple definitions of terrorism and identify areas of agreement and disagreement • Students will be able to interpret and analyze multiple sources of evidence about acts of violence to determine if they can be labeled “terrorist” acts

Materials: • ASL Lecture Videos: o “Defining Terrorism” [2 min 34 sec] o “Terrorism Discussion” [2 min 30 sec]

• PowerPoint and Links: o “Defining Terrorism”

• Worksheets One, Two, and Appendix A: o Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents o Worksheet 2 - Terrorism or Not o Appendix A - Definitions of Terrorism

• Access to Web for research for Worksheet #1

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11 : Lesson Plan Two

Lesson Procedure:

A. Introduction Activities – (~50 minutes TOTAL)

1. View “Defining Terrorism” [2 min 34 sec]

2. What acts of terrorism can you list? (10 minutes)

i. Ask students to recall acts of terrorism and create a class list. ii. Ask students why they consider these incidents as terrorism and chart common attributes the students identify.

3. View “Terrorism Discussion” [2 min 30 sec]

4. Engage students in a discussion about their definitions of terrorism (5 minutes)

5. Do Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents (30 minutes)

i. Have students fill in "Worksheet 1 - List of Incidents" with information about various violent incidents. Use the Internet for research. Ask if students would label all of these as terrorist attacks and have them chart their responses. (Worksheets are pre-filled with specific events but can be adapted by teacher) B. Main Activity: *Examining Definitions of Terrorism" (10 minutes TOTAL)

1. Provide students with "Appendix A - Definitions of Terrorism"

2. Homework: Ask students to use the definitions of terrorism provided to re- examine the incidents on Worksheet #1. Using the definitions provided, complete Worksheet #2

The next time class meets, ask students to compare answers and discuss/debate differences in opinions (30 minutes)

*Activity adapted from: http://bit.ly/CorvetteMuseum911

Assessment/Evaluation: • Worksheets #1 and #2 • Student’s participation in class and discussions

Additional Resources and Links: http://bit.ly/CorvetteMuseum911

2 Online Unit Plan 9/11: Lesson Plan One

Lesson Title: History: 9/11 What Happened that Day?

Grade Level: High School

Estimated time: Two Class Periods of 55 minutes each

Lesson Description: An overview of the events of 9/11 to provide context for the event as a turning point in U.S. history

Standards Met: Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills for High School

113.41 United States History Studies Since 1877

(C)(2-D)

Lesson Objective: • The students will demonstrate their knowledge of the events of 9/11 by creating a timeline

Materials: • ASL Lecture Videos: o “9/11 Unit Introduction” [2 min 22 sec] o “History of 9/11” [58 sec] o “Introduction to 'We Will Not Forget September 11, 2001'" [1 min 24 sec]

• PowerPoint and Links: o “History of 9/11” o PPT comes with embedded link for the videos: § "We Will Not Forget September 11, 2001" documentary by TSD [15 min 12 sec] § 9/11 Timeline and Interactive 9/11 Timeline

• Worksheet: Web Investigation - Events of 9/11

• Computer access to web based pictures and accounts from 9/11

1 Online Unit Plan 9/11: Lesson Plan One

Lesson Procedure:

A. Introduction Activities – (46 minutes TOTAL)

1. View Lecture Video “9/11 Unit Introduction”[2 min 22 sec] followed by: *What do you know about 9/11? (10 minutes)

i. To give students a chance to share what they know about September 11, write September 11 in the middle of a piece of chart paper and ask students to free associate, sharing any words, thoughts, images that come to mind when they think of September 11. There are no wrong answers. Your aim is to provide a safe place for students to share their current understandings, so accept what students have to say. Chart their responses, eventually drawing lines from "September 11" in the middle to students' free associations, forming a web, as illustrated below:

ii. Continue as long as interest remains high. When you come to a stopping place, ask students to look at the web. What are their observations, comments, or thoughts? iii. If students have shared some associations you don't understand or want to know more about, ask for clarification. After clarifying, correct in a matter-of-fact way any factual misinformation that the web activity has revealed. iv. Ask the students if, in thinking about September 11, feelings have come up that they would like to share. 2. Ask questions (10 minutes) i. Explain that a good way to deepen one's understanding of a topic is to think of good questions and then try to find the answers.

2 Online Unit Plan 9/11: Lesson Plan One

ii. Ask the students to talk in pairs for a minute or two and come up with at least one question about 9/11. What would they like to know more about? Ask each pair to share their question. Capture the questions for students to review. 3. View and discuss (~16 minutes for viewing, 10 minutes for discussion) i. View the “Introduction to 'We Will Not Forget September 11, 2001'” and “We Will Not Forget September 11, 2001” video. Did the movie add to students’ knowledge of what happened on 9/11? Did it raise more questions? Chart new questions.

*Activity adapted from http://bit.ly/MorningSideCenter B. Main Activity: Ordering the events of 9/11 on a Timeline (55 minutes TOTAL) 1. Show students the 9/11 Timeline on slide #7 of 9/11 History ppt. Explain there are many timelines to be found on the Internet and the class will focus on the following one at www.911memorial.org. Have students review the Interactive 9/11 Timeline on the Museum’s Teach/Learn pages.

2. Assign students to one of the following topics: • American Airlines Flight 11 • United Airlines Flight 175 • American Airlines Flight 77 • United Airlines Flight 93 • World Trade Center: North Tower • World Trade Center: South Tower • First Responders

3. Have students log on to www.911memorial.org/911-events-day and research their event, finding two images and one testimony that relate to their assigned story. These should either be: • Made into a short PowerPoint that can be presented to the class or • Used to create a timeline in the classroom that would include times and pictures or testimonies that help illustrate what occurred. 4. When students are finished, the class can view the timeline using a gallery walk or by a presentation of the PowerPoints.

*Activity from http://bit.ly/911memorialTimeline

Assessment/Evaluation: "Web Investigation - Events of 9/11"

Additional Resources and Links:

http://bit.ly/MorningSideCenter http://bit.ly/Timeline911 www.9/11memorial.org http://bit.ly/InteractiveTimeline