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Ohio ~g~icnltlll'al ~pe~imen~ ~tation. . / "
I -I BULLETIN l 09
AND .. J •I j EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT, '· FOR 1898-99.
WOOSTER, .OHIO, jULY 1, 1899 .
• The Bulletins of this Station are sent free to all residents of the State who request them. Persons who wish their address changed should give both old and new ttJ address. All correspondence should be '\ddressed to 'I
ExPERIMENT STATI?N• WoOSTER, Oaw. r~
COLUMBUS, OHIO FRED J. HEER, STATE PRINTER xBgg · 1 Ex. Sta. Bul. 109.
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I . . Eighteentli Annual Report
OF THE
Ohio Auricultural Experiment Station
For the Year Ending June 30, 1899.
Published by order of the State Legislature.
COLUMBUS, OHIO FRED J. HEER STATE PRINTER
r \ \.
,, "<~"" ,[ ;,''"'-""•...... :...""'---"'-'-"'---.-...... :...... :.;..;...... _--...;J·i...... \:.....:..:.....~...... :1:.:.:); •'.!';....;.!'' :' ANNOUNCEMENT.
The Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station is organized under >an ·act of the General Assembly of Ohio, passed April I"7; 1882, and supple.:. mented by an act of Congress approved March 2, I887. The Station is prepared to test new vaneties of grains, fruits and garden vegetables; to examine seeds that are suspected of being unsound or· adulterated; to identify ·and name grasses, weeds and other plants;~ to , identify insects and suggest measures for the control of such as are inju rious, and to give advice concerning the prevention of the fungoid dis eases which affect vegetation. The Station is not prepared to furnish analyses of chemical or com mercial fertilizers, as in Ohio that work is performed under OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. BOARD OF CONTROL. R. H. WARDER ...... ······ ...... North Bend J. T. ROBINSON...... :Rockaway HoN. L •. M. STRoNG...... Kenton THE GoVERNOR OF THE STATE .} ...... Ex officio THE DIRECTOR OF THE STATION ' . OFFICERS OF, THE BOARD. , J. T. ROBINSON ...... "; ...... President R. H. WARDER...... Secretary PERCY A. HINMAN ...... : ...... Treasurer STATION STAFF. CHARLES· E. THORNE...... Wooster ...... Director WILLIAM J. GREEN...... ~· .... Horticulturist and Vice-Director J. FR.IU.. ~ONT.HICKMAN, M. A. S... " ...... '...... Agriculturist FRANCIS M. WEBSTER, M. S...... " ...... Entomologist AUGUSTINIC ·D. S_EitBV, B. Sc...... " ...... Botanist and Chentist PnRCV A. HINMAN ... .'...... '' ...... Bursar JOHN W.. AMES, B. 8£...... " ...... Assistant Chemist JoHN "F. HICKS·...... " ...... Assistant Botanis WrLMON NEWE:r.L,,:M. Sc. . . . • . . . . . " ...... Assistant Entomologist WILLIAM HOLMllS...... " . : ...... Foreman of Farm • CHA:iuts A. PAT'r.ON 0 o 0 o 0 0 0 0 ••• o ~ • • " o • o Ass't Foreman and Meteorologist ANNIE B. AVRaS...... • ...... Mailing Clerk CARY WELTY ..... o • ~ • • • • . • • • • " • o • • • • • • • . • • • • ••••••••.••• Mechanic EDWARD MoHN ...... Strongsville.. . . Supt. Northeastern Sub-Station LEWIS SCHULTZ...... Neapolis ..... Supt. Northwestern Sub-~tation The Bulletins of this Station are issued at irregular intervals. They are paged consec utively, and an index is included with the .Annual Report, which constitutes the final number of each yearly volume. Bul. 100 • FARM MAP-OHIO AGRICULTURAL ~XPERIMENT STATION. 1, Main building. 7, East barn. 2. Greenhouses. 8. Horticultural barn and cold storage. 3 Biological laboratory. 9. Residence of Horticulturist. 4. Dairy barn and creamery. 10. Residence of Director. 6 •. Tool house. 11. 12, 13, 11, 15. Dwellings occupie_d by fore- 6. Horse barn. men and laborers. (iv) To His Excellency, AsA S. BusHNELL, Governor of Ohio. SIR:- I have the honor to transmit herewith the eighteenth annuar report of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station, for the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1899, R. H. WA.RDER, Secretary.. , (v) REPORT OF THE TREASURER. To HaN. S. H. ELLIS, President of tlze Board of Control: SrR: - I respectfully submit herewith the financial report of this Station for the fiscal year ending June 30, r899: ' In A, B, C and D, respectively, will be found a record of . ' State~ents the receipts and expenditures from the various funds; Statement A: being a statement of account with the annual appr_opriation received from the U. S. Treasury, and a copy of the report made to the Governor of the State, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of .the U. S. Treas- • ury; Statement B being a statement of account with the State Treasury; and Statement C showing the receipts and expenditures from farm p;oduce and other sales. The three statements, A, B and C, are combined in Statement D, which shows the total income and expenditures for the fiscal year. STATEMENT A. THE OHIO AGRICULTURAL ExPERIMENT STATION IN AccouNT WITH THE UNITED STATES APPROPRIATION 18!:\8-9. Dr. To receipts from the Treasurer of the United States, as per appropriation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1898, as per act of Congress approved Niarch 2, 1887 ...... •.... $15,000 00 Cr. By expenditure~ for: --: Salaries ...... $11,692 42 Labor ...... 1, 867 87 ·Postage and stationery...... 76 76 Freight and express ...... :...... 83 46 Heat, light and water ...... ,...... 280 64 Chemical supplies...... 58 Seeds, plants and sundry supplies...... 24:2 81 Fertilizers ...... 13 95 Feeding stuffs...... :no 19 Library ...... 107 5.) Tools, implements and machinery...... 156 23 Furniture and fixtures ...... ! ...... ~ ...... 6 80 Live stock ...... '".:...... 209 09 Contingent expenses ...... ·...... 10 00 Bllilding and repairs...... 42 15 Total ...... $15,000 00 $15,000 00 (vi) OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. vn I, the undersigned, duly appointed Auditor of the Corporation, do hereby certify that I have examined .the books and accounts of the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1899, that I have fo~nd the same well kept and classified as above and that the receipts for the year from the Treasurer of the United States are shown to have been $15,000.00, and the corres ponding disbursements $15,000.00·; for all of which proper vouchers are on file and have been by me examined and found correct. And I f~rther certify that the expenditures have been" solely for the purposes set forth in the Act of Congress approved. March 2, 1887. Signed, SEAI. } { s. H. ELLIS, lNSTI~~TION Auditor of Board of Control. Attest: CHAS. E. THORNE, Custodian. I hereby certify that the foregoing statement of account to which this is at tached, is a true copy from the books of account of the institution named. P. A. HINMAN' Treasurer of Board of Contra£. (vii) t) ··~. , . ·'' . VIII ANNUAL REPORT STATEMENT B. OHIO AGRICULTURAL ExPERIMENT STATION IN AccouNT w\:TH THE STATE TREASURY. 6.... 0. Total Balance 0.' amount to Total 0 in treas- ...... "' =~ Appropriation for - the Sta- amount o-;; tion's expended. ury June ...... 1899 .. Expenses of the Board of Control .... ·I $300 00 ...... $300 00 Sub-stations for field experiments ..... 2,800 00 $501 65 2,298 35 Bulletin illustration ...... 400 00 ...... 400 00 Special work in Entomology, Botany, Horticufiure a~d Chemistry ...... 3,000 00 ...... 3,000 00 General repairs, labor and supplies .... 3,.500 00 2,646 84 853 16 . I Totals for 1899 ...... J $l0,000 00 $3,148 49 $6;851 51 Balance of appropriations for 1897 andl 1898, brought forward July 1, 1898- 1898 .. Expenses of the Board of Control ..... $.~(\0 00 $137 03 $362 97 Sub-stations for field experiments ..... 1,916 64 1,916 64 0 ••••••••• I I Bulletin illustration ...... 500 00 56 35 443 65 I Special work in Entomology, Botany, I Horticulture and Chemistry ...... 3,662 44 3,516 03 146 41 General repairs, labor and supplies .... 107 83 107 83 ...... Investigation of tuberculosis ...... 1,000 00 875 39 124 61 I I Furniture and fixtures ...... 778 50 I 778 50 • 00 ••••••• 1897 .. / Bulletm 1llustratwn ...... ___8_3_90_, 83 90 1·$· · •. · · · 1 .~ · 111 7 15 Totals ...... $18,549 31 I $10,620 16 9 _9 I I • OHIO EXPERIMENT STATLON. IX. STATEMENT C. OHIO AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION IN ACCOUNT WITH THE PRODUCE FUND,. To Rece·ipts :- June 30, 1899. From sales of agricultural produce ...... $1,409 55 '' dairy produce ...... •... : ...... ·...... 222 22 '' live stock ...... ,...... 1,340 30 " horticultural produce ...... : . : ...... 1,427 59 labor ...... 93 77 rents ...... ' ...... · · · · ·. . 927 00 miscellaneous sales ...... ·~ .... · · · · · · 'I · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 445 01 testing dairy cattle (milk test) ...... 41 00 inspection of nurseries ...... ·...... , .... . 216 81 chemical analysis ...... 10 00 I I ' Northeastern Sub-station ...... 205 28 Northwestern Sub-station ...... 185 20 27 44 0. S. U. Sub-station ...... ·...... Total receipts for the year ...... $6,551 17, By total expenditures...... 5, 719 11 Balance forward July 1, 1899...... $832 06 B>• Expenditures:- June 30, 1899. ~or salaries, special and temporary-services ...... •.. $21 25 labor ...... ~ ...... 2,510 14 postage and stationery ...... • ...... ·.. 55 13 freight and express ...... 169 71 heat, light and water ...... ; ...... •...... 63 24 1 chemical supplies ...... 12 27' seeds, pbnts and sundry supplies ...... 306 21 fertilizers ...... ' ...... - ...... 1 20 · library ...... · ... · .. 217 39 tools, implements and machinery ...... 141 65 furniture and fixtures ...... 44 12 live stock ...... ·...... : .....•...... 2 40 traveling exp(!nses ...... 59 84 contingent expenses ...... 243 75 building and repairs ...... ' ...... 515 98 miscellaneous ... ' ...... : ..... : ...... ~ .. . 369 71 Total expenditures for the year ...... , ...... $4,733 99 By balance brought forward July 1, 1899...... · 985 12 Total ...... $5~ 719 11 ,· •' J ~ \( ·, .. ' ; .. -_. ~.o., .~' ·'· ·., ~ ;;, . J ~~, ••~:- ,a ;;~ . }. • ANNUAL REPORT STATEMENT D. ToTAL RECEIPTS AND ExPENDJTUREs OF TH}: OHIO AGRICULTURAL ExPERIMENT, STATION FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1899. Total Receipts. 'From U. S. Treasury ...... $15,000 00 State appropriations ...... 10,000 00 miscellaneous receipts ...... •...... 6,551 17 Total receipts for the year ...... $31,551 17 To balance brought forward...... 7,564 19 Total ...... $39,115 36 Total Expenditures. .For salaries of technical and office staff ...... $11,542 43 salaries, special and temporary services .. ,...... 64 75 salaries, foremen and skilled laborers ...... $3,470 76 ordinary labor ...... 5,934 05, Total labor ...... 9,404 81 publications ...... · 276 20 postage and stationery. ~ ...... 380 28 freight and express ...... , ...... 446 69 heat, light and water ...... 414 31 chemical supplies ...... 153 68 seeds, plants and sundry supplies ...... : .. 1,082 16 fertilizers ...... 89 57 feeding stuffs ...... 759 98 library ...· ...... : ...... ~ ...... 476 06 tools, implements and machinery ...... 990 32 furniture and fixtures ...... : ...... 883 35 scientific apparatus .... : ...... 138 73 ·live stock ...... 564 12 traveling expenses ...... 825 46 ·cc;mtingent expenses ...... •... 510 25 ·building and repairs ...... : ...... : ... . 981 29 rniscellaneous ...... 369 71 Total expenditures for the year ...... $30,354 15 By balance carried forward ...... ,...... 8, 761 21 Total' ...... $39,115 36 Respectfully submitted, A. HINMAN,. ·r, P. Treasurer. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. ; HoN. J. T. RoBINSON, President of the Board of Control: Sm : - During the period covered by the present report the Station's. work has been actively pushed forward along all its various lines. Sea sonal conditions have, in general, been favorable to the work, and the· careful preparation of the land for field and orchard experiments is now bearing fruit in wluable results. INSPECTION OF NURSERIES. The reasons given in our last repot;t for continuing this work still exist, as the action of other states and Canada has made such _inspec~ tion essential to the commercial handling of nursery stock. ~ l9ng as the. policy of nursery inspection remains in the experimental stage, the present system of voluntary inspection by the Experiment Station is probably the best that can be rievised; but if the present statutes of ·many of our states ·and of the Canadian provinces remain unchanged, it will be necessary for the General Assembly to m:ike definite provision for this work in Ohio. . This Station has been especially fortunate in being relieved from· the various lines of police work which have grown up around many simi- • lar institutions, and which necessarily interfere with the scientific re search which is the legitimate work of an Experiment Station; but the fact that the Station has been able to step forward to the protection of our nursery interests at a most critical juncture IS an apt illustration~ of its value to the varied industries of the State. BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS. • The last General Assembly appropriated $I,ooo to the Station for investigation of tuberculosis, with special reference to the disease in cattle. With this sum only a preliminary shtdy of the problem could be made, as the amount was not sufficient to permit the employment of 6xperts in the field of animal bacteriology. It was therefore decided to dispose immediately of the larger number of the tuberculous cattle which were on the Station farm at the tin~e the appropriadon was made, hold ing only a few for a few months longer for further study. These were publicly slaughtered on the eleventh of April, I899· This slaughter ·was attended by several hundred veterinarians, health officers and otheFs:. • • (xi) • .. XII ANNUAL REPORT The outcome ·of this test, and of the' investigations which preceded it, are given in- Bulletin 108, which contains also the results of an inquiry respecting the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis throughout the sta:te, .and the possible connection between bovine and human tuberculosis. In the pursuit of this investigation the Station has been assisted by nearly four hundred and fifty physicians, veterinariam and health officers, located in all parts of the state, who have most kindly responded to circulars of inquiry. This investigation has demonstrated the prevalence of tubercu losis in many of the herds of cattle from which the milk supply of our ·cities is drawn, while indicating a comparative rarity of the disease among the small herds of the general farmers. · It has not scientifi·cally demonstrated the direct communication of tubercular disease from cattle to man, since to make such a demonstration it would be necessary to exclude all other sources of possible infection, but it has brought out the fact that many physicians have had reason to strongly suspect the origin of tubercular disease in some of their patients to be in the meat or milk supply. The vital statistics of the National census show that more deaths from tubercular disease occur in Ohio during the first two years of life than during any ten years followmg; but the replies to our inquiry, coming from physicians and veterinarians in all parts of the state and practicing in the country, in the city, or in both, show that both bovine and infantile tuberculosis are extremely rare on the farms of the state, but that infantile tuberct!losi farm, about so head, have been tested with tuberculin, with three cases of reaction. These were immediately isolated. It was fully expected that occas10nal cases would develop in the herd for some time to come, and we have the.refore no reason to abandon the· hope that perseverance in our present .. course will eventually rid the herd completely of this disease. While this investigation has been very incomplete and. unsatisfactory, from the scientific point of view, because of the impossibility of enter ing upon a thorough investigation with the funds at· command, yet the publicity of the Stati'on's work and the general distribution of the bulletin reporting it, which has been sent, not only to nearly 40,000 farmers, but also to more than IO,ooo physicians in Ohio, has turned the attention of the people to this disease and its possible connection wii!l human tuberculosis in such measure as to insure a more thorough study of the question in the future. The Station would not pose as an alarmist in this matter. A disease which is responsible for one-seventh of all human deaths needs no exag geration to depict its horrors. But the present trenJ of scientific investi gation is to mitigate rather than intensify these horrors. · We are begin ning to see the way to the control of this disease, and that this way lies not through drastic legislation nor through the wholesale sacrifice of our herds. It would be difficult to imagine a work in which greater hope of beneficial results is held out than th"rough the pursuit of the line of investigation which this preliminary survey has outlined, and this work is for the direct benefit of all classes, those ·who reside within the city as well as those whose living comes directly from the farm. In this case as in that of nut;sery inspection, the attitude of surround-. ing states has made nece~sary some action by the General Assembly, looking toward the better protection of the live stock industry of Ohio, while a due regard for the health of our citizens must impel our munici palities to cause a more thorough inspection of their meat and milk sup plies: These are lines of police work which may well be left to other agencies than the Experiment Station; but there is a vast field of scien tific research which must be the guide to legislation in such lines, and for this work the State has no other organization than the Experiment Station. · • THE STOMA~H WORMS OF SHEEP.. The many reports concerning the ravages of these parasites, which find their way to the agricultural press, and the complaints freqtiently received at the, Station, show that they are causing immense losses to the flock-masters of Ohio. A report of an investigation on this point, made by Prof. Ch. Julien, of the Experim~nt Station at Grignon, France, which has been translated and published as Press Builetin No. I95 of this Sta tion, has brought to the notice of· our farmers a remedy which seems . (; '· "<. •,' ,.~ ' XIV ANNUAL REPORT to be of great assistance in controlling the parasites, judging by our own experience in its use and by the many favorable reports from flock-masters who have tried it. VARIETY AND CULTURAL '!~ESTS. The variety and cultural tests of the Station have been brought up to date with resp~ct to oats, by the publication of Bulletin IOI, which in cludes a comparison of varieties, with experiments on methods of seeding, condition and quality of seed, preparation of seed bed, seeding on differ ent soils to exterminate 'Smut and quantity of seed p,er acre. Similar ex periments with corn and wheat await publication . • THE MAINTENANCE OF FERTILITY. The investigations in' this great problem have been continued on the plans described in previous bulletins. Bulletin roo contains a report of progress in the comparison of factory-mixed with home-mixed fertilizers, showing results still more favorable to home mixing than those previously published, and a more complete report of the results thus far attained in the general study of this question than has heretofore been published is being prepared, to be issued in Bulletin 1 ro. HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. · In the spring of I898 the Station apple orchard set about half a crop of fruit, but before picking: time the apples were all on the ground -, the work of the codlin moths, which finding no fruit in the neighboring orchards redoubled their attacks upon this one. We have been able, by spraying, to hold this pest in check until midsummer; but after this period the difficult'y of getting poison into the down-turned calyx, and the danger of. lodging an unsafe excess of it in the cavity around the stem, together with the great influx of moths bred in neighboring orchards, add factors to the problem which have prevented its satisfactory solution .• Bulletin 98 of this department is devoted to cultural and variety tests of small fruits, and Bulletin 102, the joint work"of the Horticulturist, Entomologist and Botanist, is a new and enlarged edition of the Spray Calendar, w'hich had previously been compiled at the request of the State Horticultural Society. ENTOMOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. Four bulletins have been issued by this department during the year. Bulletin g6, on "The Army 'Norm and other insects", contains notes on the army worm, wheat and grass saw-flies, the Corn or Boll-worm, the Painted Hickory borer, the Raspberry Cane b~rer and the Peach scale. Bulletin 103 is a discussion of the San Jos~ scale problem in Ohio in 1898, and OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. XV contains the report of experiments in the use of whale oil soap and kero sene in the orchard, and of .hydrocyanic acid gas in the nursery. The results following the use of kerosene have not been satisfactory, the trees too often being injured or killed by the treatment. The experiments with whale oil soap resulted not only in the destruction of the scale, but also· in the prevention of leaf curl. Bulletin 106 includes a discussion of the possible migrations of the chinch bug, and a report of experiments with kainit, tobacco, whale oil soap and bisulphide of ca.rbon as general insecti~ cides. Bulletin 107 is a review of the history of the Hessian fly, with report of experiments in its control. . · The work of nursery inspection has consumed much of the time both' , of the chief of this department and of his assistant. DEPARTMENTS OF BOTANY AND ~HEMISTRY. Bulletin 97, entitled "Some diseases of wheat and oats", gives the de tails of successful experiments in the prevention of the smuts of wheat and oats, with description of the rust, scab and glume-spot of wheat. Bulletin 99 reports the progress of the investigation on the suitability of the soils and climate of Ohio to the production of the sugar beet, begun in 1897, iri cooperation with the National DeQartment of Agriculture on the one hand, and with many farmers, scattc~ed throughout the state, on the other. These experiments are being co11J.tinued during r8g9 on the same· gener.al plan. Bulletin 104 reports the continuance in 1898, by Mr. Wil liam Miller, of Gypsum, Ottawa county, of experiments carried on by the ' Station in his orchards through the seasons of 1895, r896 and 1897 in the spraying of peach trees, a series of experiments which have demon stratetl the possibility of controlling the ·leaf curl by the use of dilute Bordeaux mixture. The bulletin also t eports studies upon crown gaU · and peach yellows. Bulletin 105 is a report of further studies of cucum.;; 'ber, melon and tomato diseases. • The experiments of the Station in the control of injurious insects and fungous diseases are bearing fruit in a steadily increasing use, on the part of the farmers and of fruit growers, of the m~thods of preven tion and control which these experiments demonstrate. Hitherto the in vestigations in these fields have been hampered by lack of suitable facilities for such research. The building erected by this Station in rR93 for bio logical research was, we believe, the fourth building erected exclusively for that purpose in America. It is a one story structure, containing two work rooms, each 12 x 15 feet in size, with two glass houses, each. 14 x 28 feet. · One side .of this building is used by the Entomologist, the other by the Botanist. Its purpose is to afford. opportunity for the study of the life history of insects and fungous parasites under conditions of abso lute control, the clues furnished by such study often leading to practical . results of the greatest value. 2 E <. Sta. Eul. 109. XVI ANNUAL REPORT Experience has shown ,this building to be far too small for the warlk for which it was designed. :\Ioreover, the Horticu1tur;,( work cf tln Station has come to a point \vhere larger facilities are urgently needed for / the culture of plants under glass. The Station needs, in short, a con servatory, sufficiently large to permit accommodations for the lines of work indicated. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The following publications nave been received during the year as donations to the Station's library, or in exchange for its bulletins: BOOKS, PAMPHLETS AND .SCIENTIFIC PERIODICALS. Agricultural experiment Stations: The bulletins of all the experiment stations of the Lnited States and Canada are regularly received. Cloth-bound reports have been received from the following .stations: Connecticut State Station, annual report for 1898. Connecticut Storr~ Station, annual report for 1898. Cornell Univer£·ity 9tation, annual report for 1897. Georgia, biennial report for 1897-B. 1\:I:a:ine. annual r-eport for 1898. Michigan, annual report for 1897. Minnesota, annual report for 1898. New York State Station, annual report far 1897. .Nor.th Carolina, anuual report for 1898.:_9. Okla homa, annual report for 1898-9. Pennsylvania, annual report for 1897. Texas, annual reports for 189'7 and 1898. Vennont, annual report for 1897-B. Wisconsin, .annual report for 1898. Agenda Agricole et Viticole, 1900, V. VermOl'e!, Viilefranche, Rhone, France. Augustana Library, Rock Island, Ills.: Mechanical composition of wind de posits, by Johan August Uddin. Arkansas Bureau of Mines, l'vlanufactures and Agriculture, Frank Hiii', Com missioner: annua1 report for 1897-8. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park, New York City : Bulle tins. Axtell-Rush Publishing Co., Pittsburg, Pa.: Vol. XV of the N a tiona} Stock man and Farmer, bound. Baeszler, Dr. P.: Bericht iiber die Thatigkeit der Agriculturchemischen Ver-. 'suchs- und Samencontrolstation in Koslin fur das Jahr 1897. Barbados Botanical Station, ]. R. Bovell, Supt.: Observations ·Of the agricul- tural chemistry of the sugar cane. · • Baron de Hirsch Agricultural and Industrial School: catalogue, 1898. Berattelse o:fver Skadeinsekters upptradande i Finland. Afgiven af Enzio Reuter. ' Boletin de Agricultura, Mincria e Industrias. and Bolctin Mensual rld rh servatorio Meteorologica Central de 1\fexico: Publicado por Ia Secretaria de Fo- mento, Colonizacion e Industria de Ia Republica Mexicana. . . Boletin do Instituto Agronomico do Estado de Sao Paulo em Campinas, J3razil. Boletin de Agricultura Tropical, San Jose de Costa Ric:1, A. C. Boletin de Ia Sociedad Nacional de Agricultura, l\Ionjilas, Chili. Boston Public Library, Herbert. Putnam, Librarian: Anneal report, 1897-8. Botanisches Museum und Laboratoriurn fiir Waarenkunde zu Hamburg: Be- richt iiber die Thatigkeit der Abteilung fiir Samencontrole, 1895, 1896, 1897 rmd 1898, erstattet von A. Voigt. Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Dr. D. E. Salmon, Chief: Fourteenth and Fifteeqth annual reports. I ; OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. xvn . Bureau cf Statistics, U. S~ Treasury, 0. P. Austin, Chief: For.eign Commerce .and Navigation of the United States. Statistifal Abstract of the United States. Monthly Summary of Finance and Commerce. Canada: Report of Dominion Commissioner of Agriculture and Dairying, for 1897; Hon. James W. Robertson. Commissioner,. Ottawa. Commercial relations of the United States, 1898, 2 vols.: U. S. Department of State. Colorado College Studies : Papers read before t~e Colorado College Scieptific Society. Connectirut Board cf Agri-culture, T. S. Gold, Secretary: Reports for 189.5 and 1896. Cornwall County Council: Report of committee on agricultural experiments, W. Hawk, Chairman, Kernock, St. Mellion, England. Distribution of grants for agricultural education and research in the year 1898-99. Annual report to the Board of Agriculture, P. G. Craigie, Sec. 4, White .hall Place, London, S. W., England. Emmerling, Prof. Dr. A. : Jahres-Bericht &r Agriculturchemischen Versuch station in Kiel fiir 1898. Entomologi:al papers, from Chas. P. Lounsbury, Colonial Entomologist, Cape Colony, South Africa. Entomological reports and bulletins from Dr. E. P. Felt, State Entomologist, Albany, N. Y. Explorations in the far North, by Frank Russell: Published by the State University of Iow;:t. Forestry, a Primer of: Bulletin 24 of the Division of Forestry, U. S. De partment of Agriculture, by Gifford Pirichot, Forester. German Kali \Vorks, New York City: Reports o{ European experiments with fertilizers. Hawaiian Experiment Station, 'Walter Maxwell, Director: Work of the year 1899. Future of our Wine Industry and the Results of Manuring l Vineyards in Europe and Australia: By F. E. H. Krichauff, Chairman of Agricultural Bureau of South Australia. Hollrung, Dr. M.: Neunter Jahresbericht der ·versuchstation fiir Pflanzen schutz zu Halle, a. S. 1897. Jahresbericht tiber die Neurungen und Leistilllgen auf Klein, Dr: J.: Bericht iiber die Thiitigkei+ des Milchwirthschaftlichen Instituts zu Proskau, fiiu das Jahr 1896-7. Lawes, Sir. J. B.: Rothamsted Memoirs c·n Agricultural Chemistry and Physi ology, by Sir John Bennet Lawes and Sir J. Henry Gilbert, Vol. VII (Supplement). Lind~;man, K.: The most injurious insects of tobacco in Bessarabia. Maine Registration Report, A. B. Young, M.D., Registrar: Vital Statistics for 18!!7. l\Jairie State Board of Agriculture, B. Walker 2\1cKeen, Sec.: Bulletins for 1898-!J. \ Maine State Board of Health. A. B. Young, M. D., Sec.: Annual report for 1897. Mallophaga, New, Parts I, II and III, by Vernon L. Kellogg, Professor of Entomology, Leland Stanford, Jr. University, California. Massachusetts State Board of Agriculture, James. W. Stockwell, Sec. : Annual reports for 189~ and 1898. • Michigan Horticultural Society, Edwy. C. Reid, Sec.: Proceedings, 1896 and 1897. ' Michigan State Board of Agriculture, J. H. Butterfield, Sec.: Annual report of State Weather Service for 1896. Milk Inspector of St. Louis : Annual report for 1898-99, by Howard Carter, M.D. . Minneapolis Public Library, James Kendall Hosmer, Librarian: Annual re- port and quarterly bulletin, 1898-99. , Minnesota Geological Survey: Minnesota Bot;mical Studies, Second Serie~. Parts I and II, by Conway MacMillan, State Botanist. Minnesota Horticultural Society, A. W. Latham, Sec. : Annual report for 1897. Missouri Botanical Garden, Wm. Trelease, Director: Tenth annual report, 1899. Missouri State Horticultural Society, L. A. Goodman, Sec.: Proceedings for 1897 and 1898. Modern Farmer, The, by Edward F. Adams. From N. J. Stone Co., Pub lishers, San Francisco, Cal. National Live Stock Association, C. F. Martin, Denver, Sec. : Proceedings of second convention. New Jerst;y State Board of Agriculture, Franklin Dye, Sec.: Annual report for 1897-98. New Jersey State Board ·of Health, Henry Mitchell, M.D., Sec.: Annual report for 1897-98. New South Wales Botanic Garden, J. H. Maiden, 1Director: Report for 1897. New York Botanical Garden, Dr. N. L. Britton, Director-in-Chief: Report for 1898. New York Department of Agriculture, C. A. Wieting, Commissioner: Report for 1898, 3 V ols. New York State Board of Health, B. F. Smelzer, Sec.: 14th, 15th, 16th and 17th annual reports, 1894 to 1897 ; 9 V ols. . New York State Library, Melvil Dewey, Director: Annual report for 1898 and Index to Legislation for 1898. New York State Museum Report, 1898: Report" of the State Geologist, and Bulletin Vol. 5, No. 20- "The Elm Leaf Beetle." N otth Dakota Department of Agriculture and Labor, H. U. Thomas, Com mtsstoner: Fifth Biennial report, for 1897-98. Oberlin College Laboratory Bulletin~ and Bulletins of the Wilson Ornitho logical Chapter of the Agassiz Association, Lynds Jones, Editor, Oberlin, 0. OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. XIX Office of Experiment Stations, U. S. Department of Agriculture, A. C. True, Director: Experiment Station Record, Vol. IX; The Cotton Plant, and numer ous bulletins. Ohio Dairymen's Association, L. P. Bailey? Sec. : Report of fifth annual meeting. Ohio Library Association : Report of annual meeting. Ohio Department of State, Hon. Charles Kinney, Secretary of State: Auditor of State's report; report of Dairy and Food Commissioner; Insurance reports (2 vols.); Ohio Laws, Ohio Statistics, Railway report and School report, all for 1897 and 1898, and Executive Documents (3 vois.) for 1897 . • Ohio State Academy of Science, E. L. Moseley, Sec.: Reports for J898 and 1899, and Special Papers Nos. 1 and 2, on Sandusky Flora and the Odonata of Ohio. · Ohio State Board of Agriculture, W. W. Miller, Sec.: Report for 1897. Ohio State Grange, F. A. Akins, Sec.: Proceedings of 27th annual session, 1899. Ohio State Horticultural Society, W. W. Farnsworth, Sec.: Report for 1898. Ohio State .Library, Charles B. Galbraith. Librarian: Report for 1898. Ontario Department .of Agriculture, Hon. John Dryden, Minister of Agricul- ture: Report for 1897, 2 vols., and advam;e reports of Live Stock associations and farmers· institutes. Oregon Board of Horticulture, John Minto, Sec.: Biennial report, 1897-98. Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, John Hamilton, Sec.: Annual report for 1897, 2 vols. Propaganda for· Nitrate of Soda, New York City: Reports of french and German experiments with fertilizers. Queensland Department of Agriculture, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia: Annual report for the year 1897-98. Ramsey, William: 20 volumes of horticultural reports. Rhode Island State Board of Agriculture, G. A. Stockwell, Sec. : lOth, 11th, 12th, 13th and 14th annual reports, 1894 to 1898; 5 vols. Sanitary Inspector, The: Official bulletm of the State Board of Health of Maine. St. Louis Academy of Science: Transaciions, Vol. IX, Nos. 1-8. Society for the Promotion· of Agricultural Science, C. S. Plumb, Sec. : Pro- ceedings of the 19th annual meeting. , 'Southern California Academy of Science, Agricultural Experiment Station, S. M. Woodbridge, Director: Bulletin No. 7, Irrigation. Statistical .l\tlas of the U. S.: Eleventh census; from Hon. John Sherman. Stazioni Sperimentali, Agrarie Italiene; Publicato sotto gli auspici del Ministero d' Agricoltura, dal Dott. Gino Cugini, Direttore della R. Stagione Agraria di Modena. Tijdschrift over Plantzenziekten onder redcotie van Prof. Dr. J. Ritzema Bos. en G. Staes, erste Jaargang. J:uskegee Normal and Industrial I'nstitute, Experiment Station, Tuskegee, Ala~: Experim~nts with sweet potatoes. United States Commissioner of Education, Dr. Wm. T. Harris, Commissioner: Report for 1897, 2 vols. United .States Department of Agriculture, Hon. James ·Wilson, Secre~ary: , Year Book for 1898·, and many pamphlets ancl publications of Divisions. United States National Herbarium, contributions from. United States Weather Bureau, Prof. Willis L. Moore, Chief: Report for 1893 and 1896-7. . / University College of Wales, Aberstwyth: Annual report on field experi- ments. 1898. ANNUAL REPOII:T University College of North Wales, Bangor: Report of field experiments for 1897. University of Minnesota: Minnesota Plant Life, by Conway MacMiilan. University of Pennsylvania: Contributions from the .Bctanical laboratory, Vol. II, No. 1. - Uppsatser i praktisk entomologi med statsbidtag utgifna af entomologiska foreningen i Stockholm. Prof. Sven Lampa. V erhandlung der K. K. Zoobgisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien: Redi girt von D!'. Carl Fetsch. 1898. Victoria Department of Agriculture: Additions to the Fungi on the Vine in Austtalia, by D. McApline, Government Vegetable Pathologist, assisted by Gerald • H. Robinson. Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters: Transactions, Vol. XII, Part I. Wisconsin Dairymen's Association, G. W. Burchard, Sec.: Annual report for 1898. Wisconsin Farmers' Institutes, Ge6. McKerrow, Supt.: Report for 1898. AGRICULTURAL AND TRADE JOURNALS. Acker und Gartenbau Zeitung, Milwaukee, Wis. Agricultural Epitomist, Indianapolis, Ind. . Agricultural Gazette, New South Wales. Agricultural Journal, Department of Agriculture, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa. Agricultu+al Student, Columbus, 0. American Agriculturalist, New York City. American Farmer, Indianapolis, Ind. - American Grange Bulletin, Cincinnati, Ohio. American Sheep Breeder and W oolgrower, Chicago, Ill. Beet Sugar Gazette, Chicago, Ill. Breeder and Farmer, Zanesville, Ohio. California Cultivator and Poultry Keeper, Los Angeles, Cal. Canadian Entomologist, London, Ontario, Canada. Cincinnati Price Current, Cincinnati, Ohio. Cotton Planters' Journal, Memphis, Tenn. Daily Drovers' Telegram, Kansas City, Mo. Dairy and Creamery, Chicago, Ill. Deutsch-Amerikanischer Fariner, Lincoln, Chicago and New York. Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Wochenschrift, Berlin, Germany. · Dorset Quarterly, Washington , Pa. ·Elgin Dairy Report, Elgin, Ill. · Fanciers' Review and Fruit Grower, Chatham, N. Y. Farm and Fireside, Springfield, Ohio. Farm Home, The, Springfield, Ill. Farmer's Advocate, London and Winnipeg, Canada. Farmer's Guide, Huntington, Ind. Farmer's Home, Dayton, Ohio. Farmers' Institute Bulletin, Fayetteville, N. Y. Farmers' Magazine, Springfield, Ill. Farmers' Review, Chicago, III. Farmers' ·Tribune, Des Moines, Iowa. Farmer's Voice,, C~icago, Ill.. • OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION • Farm, Field and Fireside; Chicago, Ill. Farm, Furnace and Factory, Ro;moke, Va. Farm Journal, Philadelphia, Pa. Farm, Stock and Home, Minneapolis, Minn. Forester, The, Princeton, N. J. Fruit Growers' Journal, Cobden, Ill. Gleanings in Bee Culture, MF:dina, Ohio. Green's Fruit Grower, Rochester, N. Y. Herd Register, American .Guernsey Cattle Club, Petersboro,. N. H. Hoard's Dairyman, Fort Atkinson, Wis. Holstein Friesian Register, Brattleboro, Vt. I1 Homestead, The, Des Moines, Iowa. I Hospodar, (Bohemian), Omaha, Neb. Indiana Farmer, Indianapolis, Ind. Insect World, (Japanese), Gifu, Japan. Japanese Agriculturist, (Japanese), Azabu, Tok-io, Japan. Jersey Bulletin, Indianapolis. Ind. Journal of Agriculture and Industry, Adelaide, South. Australia. Journal of Agriculture, St. Louis, Mo. Market Basket, Philadelphia, Pa. Market Garden, Minneapolis, Minn. Miami Valley Horticulturist, Dayton, Ohio. Michigan Sugar Beet, Bay City, Mich. Mirror and Farmer, Manchester, N. H. Montana Fruit Grower, 'MJsiiouia.,. M.Glnt. National Farmer and Stock Grower, NationaL Stnck Ya.rds, Chicago,. IU. National Fruit Grower, St. Joseph, Mich. National Provisioner, New York, N. Y. National Stockman and Farmer; Pittsburg, Ph·. North American Horticulturist, Monroe; :M.icll.. Ohio Farmer, Cleveland:,. Ohio. Oregon Agriculturist, Portland,. 01-egpn... Pacific Bee, Sacramento, Cal. Pacific Coast Dairyman, Tacoma, Wash.. Popular Agriculturist, (Japanese), Tokyo, J,apam Practical Dairymalil,. Chatham, N. !f.. Practical Farmer, Philadelphia, Pa. Prairie Farmer, Chicago, Ill. Queensland Agricultural Journal, Brisbane, Queensland, AustraKa. SouthC!Ttt Ffunrer·, R'ialimond, Va. Southwest, The, Springfield, Mo. Southern Farm Magazine; Baltimore·, Md. Southwestern Farmer, Wichita, Kan. Straw&erry Sileciitlist, Kirtrelt, N. C. 5'up Beet, Phil. adelphia, Pa. Tri-State ;Farmer and Gardener, CnMtanooga,. Tenn: Up-to-date Farming· and Ganlening, Indianapolis, Ind. Wallace's Farmer, Eles Moines, Iowa. Western Colorado, Gra-nd Junction, ~alo. W-est Vil'gil'lm Farm Reporter, Charleston, W. Va. ·western Creamery, San· Francisco, Cal. Western .:Fruit Grower,. St. Joseph, Mo. Western Tobacco Journar, Cincinnati, Ohie. ·I ·,-,. ,·.\ ( i; I·,·'· XXTI ANNUAL REPORT • GENERAL NEWSPAPERS. From Ohio . .Commet.cial Gazette. Cincinnati: Cortland Herald, Cortland. Crawford County News, Bucyrus. Cumberland Echo, Cumberland. De Graff Journal, De Graff. ::qemocrat, Pomeroy. Democratic Herald, Delaware. -Fremont ] ournal, Fremont. 'Greenville Democrat, Greenville. Hardin County Republican, Kenton. Jacksonian, Wooste~;,. Medina County Gazette, Medina. Monroe Journal, (German), Woodsfield. :News Democrat, Georgetown. 'Ohio State]ournal, Columbus. Press-Review, Payne. Semi-Weekly Gazette, Delaware. Shelby Times, Shelby. Tipp Herald, Tippecanoe City. Tri-State Farm News, Toledo. Tuscarawas Chronicle, Uhrichsville and Dennison. Wayne County Hera1d, Wooster. From other States. • ';Baltimore \Weekly Sun, Baltimore, Md. :Detroit Free Press, (Semi-Weekly), Detroit, Mich. Kansas S~mi-Weekly Capital, Topeka, Kan. -Orilla Packet, Orilla, Ontaric·, Canada. _Public Ledger, (Daily), Philadelphia, Pa. Rural Topics., Morgan City, La. Salt Lake Herald, (Semi-Weekly), S;tlt Lake City, Utah. Weekly Union, Manchester, N. H. ·weekly World-Herald, Omaha, Neb. The Station is also under obligations for the following favors: SEEDS, PJ.ANTS AND MISCELLANEOUS DONATIONS • .Albaugh ·Nursery Co., Phoneton, 0.: Several varieties of peach trees. _Allen Color-and Chemical Co., New York City: Packages of colored arsenoids. Botanic Garden -at Sibpeer, near Calcut_ta, India: Seeds of cucurbitacere. - Burpee, W. lY.. & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.: 45 varieties of seeds. ·Davis, James, Brandt, 0.: 1 variety of strawberry-plants. Deming Co., The, Salem, 0.: 1 Knapsack sprayer. Dorner, Fred & Son, Lafayette, Ind.: Several variet;es of carnation plants. Eisele, C., Philadelphia, Pa.: 1 variety of carnation plants. Fisher, John W., Wigginsville, 0. : 1 variety of grape. Ford Seed Co., Ravenna, 0.: 1 variety of potatoes. Garretson, Amos, Pendleton, Ind.: 1 variety of raspberry plants. Goulds :Manufacturcin,g Co., Seneca Falls, N. Y,.: 1 spray pump. OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. XXIII I • Hancock, Geo. & Son, Grand Haven, Mich.: Several varieties of carnation plants. Herr, Albert, Lancaster, Pa. : 8 varieties of carnations. . Hill, E. G. & Co., Richmond, Ind.: Several varieties of carnations Hine, J. P:, Shinrock, ·o.: Horn-fly trap. Huntley, H. D., Chestnut Grove, 0.: 1 variety of strawberry plants. Kirtland, Dr. W. H., Massillon, 0.: 1 variety grape cuttings. Knapp, L. M., Fiorence, 0.: 1 va;iety of potatoe's. Leffel, A. D., Springfield, 0.: 1 variety of raspberry plants. Lehman, S. J. & Co., Enon, 0.: l variety of strawberry plants. Maiden, J. H., Director Botanic Gardens, Sidney, New South Wales: Seeds of cuctirbitacere. May, John M., Summit, N.--J.: Several varieties of carnations. Miller, D. J., Saltillo, 0.: 2 varieties of strawberry plants. Moore, S. K., Zanesville, 0. : 3 varieties of apple scions. Myers & Son, Bridgeville,, Del.: 1 variety of strawberry plants. Nichols Chemical Co., Laurel Hill, N. Y.: Package of Laurel Green. Overholser, Daniel : 1 variety of strawberry plants. Owen, W. H., Catawba Island, 0.: 50 pounds whale oil soap. Persing, H. L., Clyde, 0.: 1 variety each_of plum and peach trees. Pr';ttt, Geo. L., Ridgeway, N. Y.: Canker-worm moth trap. Riehl, A. E., Alton, Ill.: 1 variety of 'strawberry plants. Scab-cure Dip Co., Chicago, Ill.: Package of "Nikoteen". Sheller, J. H., Bryan, 0.: 1 variety of strawberry plants. Shelmire, W. K., Avondale, 0.: Several varieties of carnation plants. Streator, Geo., Garrettsville, 0.: Several variedes of seeds and plants. Superior Drill Co., Springfield, 0.: Us•! of beet drill. Swift & Co., Boston, Mass. : 5 pounds arsenate of lead. Swift & Co., Union Stock Yards, Chicago.: 400 pounds ground tankage. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.: 13 varieties of foreign strawberry plants and many varieties of seeds. Van Orman, F. B., Lewis, Iowa.: 1 variety of potatoes. Whinton, W. W., Wakeman, 0.: 1 variety of potatoes. Wiley & Co., Cayuga, N. Y.: }.variety of potatoes. In conc;lusion. it is my very pleasant privilege to be able to report another year of united effort on the part of the Board of Control and members of the Station staff. Respectfully submitted, CBAS •. E. '!'HORNE, Director • • '. ~ ... .. This page intentionally blank. • APPENDIX. BULLETIN OF THE Ohio Agricult~ral Experiment .Station. l897-98. CONTENTS. BUL. PAGE: The Army Worm and other insects; Wheat and Grass Sawflies; . '( .. I This page intentionally blank. BULLETIN. OF TilE Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station.. NUMBER 109. ]ULY 1, 1899. METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY FOR r898. BY C. A. PATTON. EXPLANATION OF TABJ!;ES. Tpe following tables contain statistics of temperature, rainfall, etc., for the year, and are compiled from data obtained by daily observations. T stands for "trace" - less than .or inch of rainfall. Temperature is given in degrees Fahrenheit . .J'able I shows the daily rainfall at the Station during the year in inches and hm\dredths. Table II shows the daily mean temperature for each day of r898, 'with the monthly mean and eleven years' average. Table III gives a companson of the monthly mean temperature and rainfall for the Station, with the eleven years' average for the same. Table IV give9 a comparison of the monthly mean temperature and rainfall for the State, with the eleven years' average for the same. Table V gives the monthly mean temperature and rainfall for the Station and State for r898, with the eleven years' average for the same; Table VI. contains the mean temperature, the highest and lowest temperatures, with the range of temperatures for each month; the num ber of clear, fair, and cloudy days; the rainfall and prevailing direction of wind, for both the Experiment Station and State for 1898. Table VII contains the p'rincipal points of interest on temperature, state of weather and rainfall for the Station during the year, and a grand summary for eleven years. Table VIII contains the principal points of interest on temperature, state of weather and rainfall for the State during the year and a grand summary for sixteen years. ' . (373) .. I :374 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. The statistics for the State and for this Stati01:l previous to 1893 are compiled from the publications of the Ohio Meteorological Bureau and State \Veather Service, the ten-year average being computed from the .observatipns of "the Wooster Station of the Ohio Meteorological bureau, now located on the grotinds of the. Experiment Station one mile south of Wooster. NOTES ON THE WEATHER AT THE STATION- SUl\C\1ARY BY MONTHS. JANUARY. The mean temperature was 31.6°, which is 4-5° above the Station ..average for January. The highest temperature, 64°, occurred on the 13th; t~ lowest, -1°, on the 2nd. Cloudy weather prevailed; rain or snow fell on twelve days; the total precipiation was 4.10 inches, ·7 inch above the Station average for January .. The prevailing wind was West. FEBRUARY. The mean temperature was 27-4°, which is 1.7° below the Station :average for February. The highest temperature, 64°, occurred on the I rth; the lowest, -(f, on the 2nd and 3rd. · Cloudy weather prevailed ; rain or snow fell on thirteen days; the total precipitation was 2.27 inches, which is 1.06 inches below the Station .average for February. The prevailing wind was Southwest. MARCH. The mean temperature was 43.3°, which is 7.6° above the Station ;average for March. The highest temperature, 71°, 'occurred on the 19th; the lowest, 12°, on the 1st. Rainy weather prevailed: rain or snow fdl on fifteen days; the ·total precipitation was 6.44 inches, which is 3.16 inches above the Station's average for March. The prevailing wind was Southeast. APRIL. The mean temperature was 45·3°, which is 3.3° below the Station average for April. The highest temperature, 77°, occurred on the 17th; the lowest, I6°, on the 3rd. Cloudy weather 'prevailed; rair. or snow fell on ten days; the tetal precipitation was 2.56 inches, which is .o8 inch below the Station aver .age for April. The prevailing wind was North. METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY. 875 MAY. The mean temperature was 58.2°, whi~h is .8" above the Station average for May. The highest temperature, 81°, occurred on the 21st; the lowest, 32°, on the 9th. Rainy weather prevailed ; rain fell on thirteen days; the total pre cipitation was 4.6o inches, which is .25 inch above the Station averag·e for May. . The prevailing wind was ~orth. JUNE. The. mean te.mperature was ~-7°, which is .8° above the Station average for June. The highest temperature, 90°, occurred on the 30th;. the lowest, 40°, on the 22nd. Clear weather prevailed; rain fell on eight days; the total precipi tation was 2.70 inches, which is 1.51 inches below the Station average for June. Prevailing wind was North. JULY. The mean te111perature was 74-5°, which is 3.7° above the Statior.. average for July. The highest temperature, 96°, occurred on. the 3Td; the lowest, 45°, on the 10th. Clear weather prevailed; rain fell on nine days; the total precip1· tation was 6.79 inches, which is 2.64 inches above the Station average for July. The prevailing wind was South. AUGUST. I The mean temperature was 7I.I0 , which is 2~5° above the Station /average for August. The highest temperature, 90°; occurred on the 21.;r and 23rd ; the lowest, 46°, on the 28th. Clear weather prevailed; rain fell on twelve days i the total pre tation was 6.79 inches, which is 2.64 inches above the Station average for August. The prevailing wind was South. SEPTEMBER. J. The mean temperature was 66.2°, which is 2.it above the Station average for September. The highest temperature, 90°, occurred on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd; · the lowest, 38°, on the 12th. · Clear weather prevailed; rain fen· on seven days; the total precipi tation was 2.15 inches, which is .8 inch below the Station average for September. The prevailing wind was South. . ... .I\ 376 OHIO EXPERij\l:ENT STA'riON. OCTOBER. • The mean temperature was 5:2.6°, which is 3.1° above the Station average for October. Th~ highest temperature, 86°, occurred on the 3rd; the lowest, 24°, on the 29th. Cloudy weather prevailed; rain fell on twelve days; the total pre- ' cipitation was 4.28 inches, which is 1.70 inches above the Station average for October. The prevailing wind was Southeast. NOVEMBER. The mean temperature was 38.4°, whiCh is 1.2° below the Station average for November. The highest temperature, 660, occurred on the 4th; the low~st, 13°, on the 27th. Cloudy weather prevailed; rain or snow fell on ten days; the total ~ainfall was 4.14 inches, which is ·53 inch above the Station average for November. The' prevailing wind was Southwest. · DECEMBER. The mean temperatoce was 27.9°, which is 4.2° below the Station average. for December. The highest temperature, 56°, occurred on the 22nd ·and 29th; the lowest, 1°, on the 14th. Cloudy weather prevailed; rain or snow fell on thirteen days; the total precipitation was 2.29 inches, which is .17 inch below the Station , average for December. The prevailing wind was Southwest. ,· METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY. 371 METEOROLOGY -TABLE I.-RAINFALL. DAII.Y RAINFAI.I, AND Mlti,TED SNOW FOR 1898 AT EXPERIMEN'r STATION'. 1 1 ...... •..••.••...... / T .ooJ ...... 1...... ,1.30 I ..... J ..... I...... 2 ...... !...... 05 .. 20 T T T ...... 1...... , ...... 3 ...... 25 T ...... 51 T . ""'I""'" ...... 4...... :, ...... ~...... T .48 .42 .151...... 00 0 ...... 10 1...... T .!0 I.... :.J ...... 1.40 1.80 6 ...... / .331 ...... /...... T .40 /...... T T T .10. 7 ...... !...... /...... 351 ...... ,...... 12 .02 .05· 8 ...... ~ ...... / .. ~ ...... , .32 ...... 591 ...... , T .05. 9 ...... T T ...... 18 ...... J ...... , .10 , ...... ,...... 90 T· 10 ...... : ...... /...... T ...... 02, T ...... , ...... ,...... 52 ...... 11 ...... 10 .25 .17 .061 .33 ...... "l" ... , .48 .05 12 ...... 38l .27 .40 ...... 90 I T ...... 21 ,...... 05. 13 ...... 13 ...... 28 ...... 33 ...... ,...... 12 ...... U ...... '...... T .10 ...... 42 ...... 47 T T ...... 06 .10 ...... 15 ...... • • .. • .. • ...... 35 .20 .28 .. • .. • .36 1.48 ...... 16 ...... T . .. .. • ...... T .78 ...... 12 .05 ...... 17 ...... 05 .25 ...... 1.72 .10 ...... 05· 18 .. .. • • • •• • .. .. • .. • .. • • .. .. . • • • .15 .()3 .02 .. .. • • .. • .. • .50 .04 .40 .96 ...... 19 .. • ... . •• .. .. • ...... T T .41 .55 .82 .57' 20 ...... 1.10 .72 .55 .03 .22 .11> fl...... • .. .. • .17 .42 .10 .10 22 ...... 50 .10 1.00 T ...... 76 .60 .10 .00. I 23 ... •••• •• • ...... •• ... .. • .38 .10 1.50 .72 • Oil ...... 30 .07 ...... 24 ...... T .29 ...... 50 .10 ...... 26 ...... 1...... ,.. .05 T ...... 53 . 13 .10 ...... !8 ...... -...... 03 T ...... :~~.~..~ .. .23 T .01 ...... 10 .25 .02: '11 ...... T T .47 ...... ······ .40 T T' 28 ...... , ...... 33 ...... 17 ... .. • 1.26 : :::::::::::::::::::::::: .. ~:. :::::: .. :~~t::::: .. ;.. :::::: ~·:~~- :::::: :::::: .. :~~· .. :~ .... :~ u -~~;,:.::·::::::::::::::: 4::: ·~.!6_... ·~:~~t~:~· ·::~·~1 ;:~I.::!':~:~· ·~:~· 4::t::~:· 2::. Anrage ...... "I .13 .08 .21 .08 .15 l .00 j .22 .18· .07 .141 .14 .07" . , 8 ~x. Sta. Bill. 101). .·-\ ' ' 378 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. METEOROLOGY -TABLE H.-TEMPERATURE. MEAN TEMPERATURE FOR EACH DAY OF 1898 AT THE STATION. 1 •...... 1 15.110. I 23. II 35. I 67. I 62. l 78.1 73. I 77. II 69. ) 41. i 25. 2 .••.•• : ••••••••.•.•••••. \ 7. 5.1 29. I 37.\ 68.\ 67. \ 80: l 73. \ 80. I 73. I 48. 1,33. 3 ...... ·I 23. I 1. I 29. I 28. I 58. I 63. I 8!. / 76. I 79. / 76. I 41. II 33. 4 ························I 27.1 18.1 27.1 35.,53.,65.1 75.1 70.J 75.'\ 74.1 49.1 32. 1 J; ...... :1 29. 132. I 28. :1 27. II 48. I 69. II 62. II 66. :1 77. ) 69. ) 57. :1 26. 6 ...... """I 30. 18., 34. I 30. I 42. I 70. I H. I 70. i 77. I 59. I 45. I 24. 1 ...... ·I 32. 31. I 42. I 39.1 49. II 72. I 74. I 72. ! 68. ! 55. I 45. I 22. I I I I I I I I s ...... 1 37. I 39. I 46. I 40. 52. I 71. I 78. I 72. i 58. I· 56. I 44. I 13. 9 ...... , 29. I 42. I 49. I 31. I 51. I 75. I 73. I 69. I 60. I 56. I 45. I 17. 10 ...... 1 s2.j 49. I 52.1 47. I 54. I 75. ) 58. ) 70. i 5). I 57. I 48. I 13. u ...... 1 37. 1 50. 1 53. 1 48.1 58.j 74. 1 69. 1 69. 1 5!. 1 62. 1 38. 1 20. 12 ...... \ 51. I 46 .• I 55. I 48. I 57. II 75.163. f 72. i 55. i 53. \ 31. I 25. 13 ...... 48., 35. 50. 50. 52. I 71. 73.167. I 63. I 50. I ss. I 15. 1 1 1 4 ~: :::::::::::::::::::::::: 2:9·.. 11:5:·_.!, 564:·_·11 ::: ::: I ::! :::I :~:I :::I :::I :::! ::: 16 ...... 50. I 60., 68. l 76. 77. I 68. I 45. I 35. I 29. 17 ...... 23. 21. I 53. 61. 50. 70. I 78. 74. I 68. I 55. I 41. 1 29. 1 1 18 ...... ·I 30. 31. I 45. 1 53. 1 56. I 71. I 79. 73. I 74. I 51. I 46. I 33. 19 ...... , 34. 34., 56. I 55. 63. I 69., 80. 72. I 65. I 46. I 44. I 35. 20 ...... 42. I 38. 49. I 45. 64.,1 61. I 80. 1165. I 61. I 50. I 44. I 43. 21 ...... 1 36. 31. I 49. I 47. 69. 63. I 76. 70. I 61. I 55. I 52. I 41. 22 ...... ! 36. 1 22., 63. I 52. 70. I 57. I 71. I 75. I 69. I 48. I 40. I 45. 23 ...... 38., 25. I 46. I 55.1 68. I 63. I 79. I so. I 66. I 42. I 28. I 42. 24 ...... 31. 30., 34. I 49. 66. I 70. I 79. I 77. I 65. I 51. I 26.) 31. 25 ...... 35. I 20. 38. I 49. I 62. I 75. I 78. I 74. 1 65. I 52. I 30. I 29. 26 ...... , 36. I 20. I 49. I 48. I 60. I 74. I 78. I 67. I 64: I 43. I 22. I 24. 27 ...... 27. I 26. I 58. I 47 •j 59. I 73. I 76. I 63., 58., 40. I 22. I 25. 23 ...... 1 28. I 26. I 54.) 47. 61. I 69./ 77. I 63. I 58. I 38. 1 22. 1 18. 29 ...... 1 21. 1...... 1 40. I 52. I 63. 1 66. I 11. I 69. I 64. I 41. I 30. I 40. so ...... 1 21. 1...... 1 35. I 50. I 57. I 77. 1 12. I 77. I n. I 42. I s2. I 40. :n ...... / 23 .. , ...... 1 30. 1...... 1 55. 1...... / n. 1 78. 1...... / 40. 1"""1 21. 1 Monthly mean ...... / 31.6 27.4 "43.31 45.3 58.2~ 68.71 74.51 71.1166.21 52.61 38.4127.§ Eleven-year average.! 27.1/ 29.11 35.7/ 48.6/ 57.4j 67.9~ 70.8 68.6 63.31 49.5/ 39.61 32.1 --';, -("' ' "{ METEOROLOGICAL SUMMARY. 379 METEOROLOGY-TABLE IlL MONl'HI,Y Ml!;AN l'ItMPI!;RAl'URI!; AND RAINFALL FOR l!;Ll!;Vl!;N YI!;ARS AT WOOSTI!;R. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. .;., .;., .,.; .c .; .c & e. I I ~ I ., l .c l .. .. a., .c a a .. -5 I qj ., ., .; ..= ·;::: :>. bO= Q. I> (J = -2 .. .. = il ., ~ 0 .. ..= ::;! ::;! = UJ 0 A ...... 1<. <"' I I ...... = I ...... = < I I z I ~ I 47.2 1888 22.5 128.4131.7 46.31 57.7 68.4 70.1 167.8,57.1 144.9 40.7131.41 ..• ··············· 'I 1889 ··············· 31.1 29.9 38.7 47.1 157.8 64.5 7o.o 1 68.0 60.8 45.3 39.3 I 40.7 I 48.6 1890 36.0 36.6 1 30.9 48.4 56.0 69.8 70.5,65.8 I 59.6150.0 41.3128.~ I 49.5 ··············· I I 1891 ··············· 30.0 34.0 32.0 49.0 52.0 68.0 68.0 171.0 168.0 149.0 38.0 37.0 49.6 1892 ...... 22.0 32.5 32.0 47.0 57.0 70.0 70.0 I 69.0 ) 61.0 I 49.0 I 38.0 I 28.0 I 48.0 1893 ...... 18.0 28.0 38.0 50.1 57.6 69.3 72.0 I 67.9 63.2/52.3 I 37.7130.91 48.7 I 1894 ··············· 32.8 26.7 43.5 50.5 57.5 67.9 71.4169.2 66.1 I 52.1 36.5132.91 50.6 1895 ...... •.••• 121.9 17.9 32.4 49.5 59.4 69.9 68.6 70.9 66.5,44.2 40.4132.81 47.8 1896 •...... ••.... 27.9 29.2 29.8 54.7 64.5 65.6 70.2,68.5,60.6,48.8 44.4 130.61 49.6 1897 64.3 73.2 67.0 66.7,55.9 40.7131.8 I 49.4 ···············) 24.0 130.0 39.3 47.2 53.4 1898 ...... 31.6 27.4 ( 43.3 145.3l58.2 ------1---- 68.7!74.5171.1 I66.2152.6 I 38.4127.91 50.4 70.8 68.6163.3 49.5139.6 I 32.1 I- 49.0 Averages ·····I 27.1 129.1 35.7148.6 57.4 ru 1 , I I I Rainfall in inches. 1888 .• .•.... ·· ..··• ... 1 3.52 2.43 3.34 2.4813.82 2.31 14.54,4.35 I 1.92 i 3.18 4.95 i 1.391 3.18 1889 ••.••.••.••.••. 4.33 2.42 2.13 1.58 2.97 4.86 6.73 1.98 4.05 1.36 3.53 3.00 I 3.32 1 1 1 1890 •.••.•••••••••• 4.71 6.20 4."37 3.10 16.01 5.57 2.67 I 4.66 5.12 7.45 I 2.61 11.741. 4.51 1891 •••·••••••••••· 2.74 4.88 3.71 1.66 2.24 7.13 3.28,1.85 0.94 1.33 5.7312.921 3.20 1892 •....•...•..... 2.67 2.67 3.38 2.44 7.69 7.89 4.7312.69l3.20 0.37 2.06 I 1.74/ 3.46 1893 •.••..•..•..... 4.01 6.33 1.89 5.66 6.28 2.51 1.38 1.58 1.85 5.18 2.4911.50 I 3.38 1 1894 •.•..••...... 2.19 I 3.37 2.36 1 .• 7414.41 2.23,1.38 0.7614.07! 2.53 2.41 13.151 2.55 1895 .....•.•..••.•. 3.92 1.00 1.98 1.69 1.38 4.20 2.19 2.30 3.92 1.15 4.21 1 3.51 I 2.62 1896 •.....•.•••.••. 1.73 2.27 3.67 3.34 3.41 3.9818.05 1.00 1 5.16 I 0.71 1.78 I 2.41 I 3.21 I I I I I I 1897 • • • . • • . • . • . • • • . 2.82 2.64 2.81 12.7514.97 2.98 1 3.89,3.86 1 o.29 0.89,5. 7612.50 3.01 1898 ····:· .. -· .. ···/~ 2.27 6.44 ~ 4.60 2.70 16.79 5.5812.15 4.281 4.14 2.29 _3.99 Averages • . . . . 3.34 3.33 3.28 2.64 4.35 4.21 4.15 I 2.86 2.97 2.5813.61 2.46 3.31 I I I I I I I ~' . 380 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. METEOROLOGY -TABLE IV. MON'tHLY MltAN 'tltMP:ItRA~URE AND RAINFAI.I. FOR EI.ltVEN YaARS FOR THE S'tA'tE. Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit. ..: u ..: ..: >, t> .0 ..: "' ... i ...., I a I ~" I ...'" I ,; I 2:1 .0" u ~u ..: '" .0 ~ ·;:: >, bD " Po " Po B ~ u " ::;! ::;! ~ " '" ....."'" ll<" I '" I < '" ....." I ..... <" I UJ" C5 j z A I l><" I I 1888 ...... 24.3 30.5 I34.2 49.2,59.1 70.4 72.1 170.4160.3 47.9,42.9133.3 49.2 1889 ...... 23.3 25.8 40.2 49.9 60.2 66.7 7~.5169.1 62.9 47 .9,41.0 143.8 61.1 1890 ...... 38,8 39.4134.5 51.3 '59.2 73.3 I 73.1 68.8 1 62.1 62.7 43.9 31.2 62.3 1891 ··············· 33.0 36.0 35.0 52.0 58.0 11.0 I 69.0 7o.o 67 .o 51.0 40.0 39.0 51.7 1 1892 ··············· '24.0 35.0 135.0 49.0 59.0 73.0 1 73.0 ,71.0 64.0 152.0 38.0 129.0 60.1 1893 ...... 18.0 29.0 38.0 50.2158.3 70.6,74.5 70.7 65.2 53.71 39.3 32.7 51.& I I ., 1894 37.7 28.9 45.1 50.6 60.0 71.3 ,74.3 I• 71.2 I 67.8 , 53.9,37 .5 33.9 52.3 ··············· . I I 1896 ··············· 23.4 19.6 35.5 51.7 61.1 72.0 71.6 I 73.5 I 69.0 46.9 41.3 33.9 49.9- 1896 ··············· 29.4 80.5 32,4 56.7 67.9 69.5173.2,71.8,62.7 49.0 145.1 32.9 51.7 1897 ...... 26.5 32.4 41.5149.3146.3 68.1 175.5169.4 66.9 58.1 I 42.2 32.8 60.& 1898 ...... 32.4 80.0 !45.0 47.2 61.0 71.9 76.0 73.5,67.8,53.1 138.8 28.8 52.1 Averages ..... 29.1 80.6 37.91 50.6,59.1 70.7 1 73.2 70.9 65.1 51.5 40.9 33.7 51.1 I ..I I Rainfall in inches. I I I I I I I 1888 ...... I3.65 1.74 3.5511.991 3.77,3.41 ,4.40 I 5.16 2.27 I3.98,4.25 1.47 3.8() 1889 ...... 1 3.13 1.35 1.50 1.79,3.71 4.13 I4.25 I 1.60 3.&2,1.78 4.02 2.81 2.79 ~890 ...... 4.94 5.25 5.29 3.15 5.52 I 4.50 I 1.99,4.70 5.56 4.271' 2.53 2.37 4.17 "891 ...... 2.82 4.91 ,4.1912.13 I 2.20 14.8213.8213.07 1.60 11.76 I 5.00 2.39 3.21 1892 ...... 2.05 I 3.27 2.16 2.63 I 4.63 6. 73 I 3.13 I 6.15 1.271 0.67 I 2.62 1.85 . 3.09 1893 ...... • .. .. • .. • 2.56,5.13,2.09 6.3711 4.97 3.3411 2.49 ! 2.17,1.57 4.24,2.09 2.61 3.3() 1894 ...... • .. • • 2.1412.79 2.16 2.31 4.00 2.65 1.5611.67 3.31. 2.01 2.17 2.98 2.47 1895 ...... 4.00 I0.69 1.59 2.11 1.80 2.44 2.00 2.96 1.66 1.22 4.11 3.85 2.37 1 1 1 1896 ...... 1.67 2.21 3.34 1 2.78 2.67 4.81 ~,8.11 I3.38 5.13 1.20 1!.63 1.65 3.29 1897 ...... 1.93 I 3.&4 5.17 3.27 3.93 2.85 4.65 2.72 0.78 0.6416.62 2.39 3.21 1898 ...... 5.2512.32,6.23 2.38· 4.10 ,2.36,3.9811 4.50 ,2.56 3.7213.17 2.71 3.65 Averages ..... 8.10 8.0313.39 2.8113.7513.87 3.67 "3.45 2.00 '2.32 3:56 2,46 3.1'r METEOROLOGY-TABLE V. :ME;AN TE;:MPE;RATURE; ~ll RAINFALL FOR THE; STATION AND STATE, 1898 AND FOR ELEVEN YEARS. Te111-Pet:ature in deg:rees Fahrenheit, rainfall in inches. e. ~ =..."' I~. I ~l~ltil~ ~I = .t> = '2 2 ,_,"' !+." I :.:~ ~ ~"'I~"' . .::, '§, ~g,l~l ~ ~ 11:~ A1il~ ~ Mean temperature at the Station, 1898 .•...••..•••.•••••.....•.• 31.6 68.7 74.5,71.1 --;:-1~1--:;;--l~ I1~-;-1~1~1-;;-1--;: I I I I :;:::: Eleven years' average temperature at the Station ....•...... •... 27.1 29.1 ao. 7 48.6 57.4 67.9 70.8 68.6 I 63.3 I 49.5 ! 39.6 i 32.1 I 49. ~ I I I I t>l Mean temperature for the State, 1898 ...... •....•.•..•.....•• 32.4 30.0 45.0 47.2 I 61.0 71.9 76.0 73.5 r 67.8 I 53.1 ! 38.8 I 28.8 I 52.1 0 I I i I :>::l Eleven years' average temperature for the State...... •... 29.1 30.6 37.9 50.6 I 59.1 70.7 73.2 70.9 I 65.1 51.5 'I 40.9 I 33.7 i 51.1 0 I I i I t"' I ! I I 0 Rainfall at the Station, 1898 ...... •...... •.•...... ; .....•. 4.10 2.27 6.44 2.56 I 4.60 2.7o 6.79 5.53 I 2.15 1 4.28 ! 4.14 1 2.29 147.85 C'l I I >-< I I I (') Eleven years' average rainfall at the Station ....•••.••...... 3.34 3.33 3.28 2.64 I 4.35 4.21 I 4.15 2.86 I 2.97 I 2.58 I 3.61 I 2.46 139.75 > I I , I I t"' Rainfall for the State, 1898 ...•••••••.•...... •.•.•...... 5.25' 2.32 6.23 2.38 I 4.10 2.86 3.98 4.50 I 2.56 I 3.72 I 3.17 I 2.71 143.78 I I I I i I '(fJ ~: q Eleven years' average rainfall for the State ...... 3.10 3.03 3.39 I 2.81 I 3. 75 3.87 I 3.67 3.45 : 2.66 I 2.32 I 3.56 I 2.46 138.09 :s: ~ ;1: ~ ' '' ~ C>;l ...... 00 . -'-~·· .\w :-~· METEOROLOGY-TABLE VI. ~ w ,, SUMMARY BY MONTHS FOR 1898. Temperature. Number of days. ;::::: ·~ I o c:l '1-. u ~ ~ ~ -~ ~ ~ ...... 'U . • :::;l0 Ao-l 0 u II< uo:: "'<11 ~ 0 ~ t:n~~~y St~.t~~~ :-:-...... 31.6 64. 13 - 1 21 65 151 32 13 5 21 ~~ 1 61 24 12 4.10 .13 w. >-< February ...... , ...... 27.4 64. 11 - 9 * 1 , 73 16 31 17 6 •• 2 8 18 13 2.27 .07 s. w. 0 March ...... 43.3 71. 19 12 1 I 59 21 I 35 7 5 2 10 10 11 15 6.44 .21 S. E. April ...... 45.3 77. 17 16 3 61 22 37 12 9 2 I 9 10 11 10 2.56 .09 N. t: Station * 1 2-3. • 2 5-13. • 3 !>---18. * • 2'7-28. * • 11-31. * • 23-21. * • 28-29. * •1-2-3. * 9 5-31. • 10 ~29. State • 1 1-3. * 2 3-22-23. "-.~ . ,v_ ~~ - METEOROLOGY- TABLE VII. SUMMARY BY YEARS AND GRAND SUMMARY FOR EI.EVEN YEARS AT WOOSTER. 1888. 18~9. 1890. 1891. 1892. I 1893. Wooster Exper!ment At ...... Wooster. Wooster. Wooster. Wooster. · Stahon. --- Mean 'temperature ...... ·1 · 47.3° I 48.6" I 49.5° 49.6° 48° 48.7° Highest temperature...... •>I 91.5° 94.5° Aug. 3 99° Aug.8. 98° July 25. ~·6 95.o Lowest temperature...... I -5° Feb. 9. I *2 --5.0 1" March 7. oo March 1. -20° Jan. 20. -9° Jan.11. 111:: Range of temperature .... ,;...... 96.5° 93.5° 990 118° 104° ~ trl Mean daily range oftemperature...... 18.7° 18.9° 21° 19° 20.20 0 ~ Greatest daily range of temperature...... • . .. • ...... 1 ...... 42° April23 41° Jan.13. 42° Sept 23 46° Ju\)'7. 45° Aug. 9. 0 ~·8 8 Least daily range of temperature.. . . -...... 2" Jan.6 4.51° 40 Feb.8 *4 4. 0 *6 s.o 8 Number of clear days ...... 125 109 116 116 96 &: Number of fair days...... , .... . 103 119 110 123 164 t" tfl Number of cloudy days ...... 137 . 137 125 98 I 105 c: Number of days rain fell...... _...... 119 149 119 119 129 111:: 111:: Total rainfall...... 1 88.23 inches. 39.87 inches. 54.21 inches. 38.36 inches 41.46 inches. 40.61 inches. > ~~ Greatest monthly rainfall...... 4.54 inches. 6.73 in.-July. 7.45 iu.-Oct. 14.26 iu.-June.J7.89 in.-June. I 6'.33 in.-Feb. ~ -r); Least monthly rainfall ...... : ...... ·1 1.39 inches. 11.36 in.-Oct. 11.74 in.-Dec.l1.95 iiL-April.l1.37 in.-Oct.l1 38 in.-July. Prevailing direction of wind...... S ...... S...... S ...... S ...... S. W ...... S. W ...... >H July 10, Sept. 1. '''2 Feb. 23 :1,nd 24. '''3 Jan. 8 and Sept.10. '''4 March 5.-Nov.1-3-25 and Dec. 1-18. < Mean tetnperature ...... 50.G" 47 8" 49. G0 4~).4') ;}0.4" ·19.0'' Highest temperature 98. ,. July HI. us . June •!. 93. 0 .~ug. 9. o;.JO 9G. n !iO." July:L :o !. ,;::;. S, IS91. Lowest tern perature -7 '"Dec. 2S •:• H -G n -0. o Feb. l!l. -18." Jan. 26. -~) Feb.~- --20.' Jan. 20,1~92. 0 ~ Range of temperature ...... 105, I) IM. 0 90. 0 114. 0 105. C) 119. 0 H 0 Mean daily range of temperature ...... 22.9° 21.8" 19. 0 21.5° 20.:1'1 20.3 tTJ ~ Greatest daily range of tempera-ture ...... •...... 45." July 31. 55. 0 Oct. 6. 13 n MayS. 49." Oct. 5. · 50.() NO\', u. 5,J.'' Oct. G, 189;). >10 ,,. Jl M Least uaily tarige of temperature ...... •:•7 4. 0 1." Nov. 27 0:=!) 3 () 0. 0 Feb. 6. 5" 0. 0 Feb. G, 1897. l::! Number of clear days...... 127 125 130 124 133 120 ~ tTJ Number of fair days ...... 154 117 106 123 10! 1')<) ~ >-3 Number o( cloudy days ...... 84 123 130 llG 12~ 118 ~ Number of days rait1 fell ...... 130 102 134 128 13·1 126 > ::! Total rainfall. 30.GO inches. 31.45 inches. 38.47 inches. 36.1G inches. 47. s:) inches 3D. 75 irtches. 0 Greatest monthly rainfall...... 4.41 itt.-May.j4.21 in.-Nov.j8.03 in.-July.j5.76 in.-Nov.j 6.70 in.--July.j·8.05in.-July,1896. ;z: Least monthly rainfall...... 0. 7G m.-Aug.,l.OO in.-Feb. 0.71 in.-Oct.l 0.20 in.-Sept.~2~1o i.n.-Sept. ,.29 in.-Sept., 1897. Prevailing direction of wind . s. w~ ...... N ...... S.W ...... N.W ...... N.-S.W ...... S.W. "'7 Dec. 1-23. '''8 Jan.12-13 and Feb. 5. •:•u Jan.10 and March 8. •"10 July 5-6. '' 11 Jan. 21, March 2, Dec.18. .• "' ""· -"'' MEtEOROLOGY- TABLE VIIi. Strl\t:MA:ttlt fiV YEARS AND GRAND SUMMARY FOR SIXTEEN VltARS FOk THE STA'rit. ------1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. I ------0 0 Mean temperature .••... eeoooooo•• 49.4° 50.6° 48. 49.6° 51.4° 49.5° 51.1° 52.4° 52. Highest temperature ...... , .••... 98. 0 Aug. 2'~. 99. 0 Sep.28,0ct.l. 101.0 July 21. 98.6° July 7. 108.0 July 18. 102. 0 Aug. 3. 99.5° Aug. 31. 103.1° Aug.3. 101.0 Aug.10. Lowest temperature ...... -17.2° Jan 22. -34.0 Jan: 25. -31.0 Jan. 2S. -21.5 Jan. 7. -21.0 Jan.17. -15.0 Jan.27. -·13.5°,Feb.24. -4.0 Mar.7. -5.0 Mar.5. Range of temperature ...... 115.5° 13q.o 132.0 120.1° 129.0 117.0 113.0 107.1° 106,0 iS:: Mean daily range of temperature .•.. 19.8° 20.6° 20.40 20.2° 21.2° 19.6° '19.3° 19.0 zo.o l;:j o-l Greatest daily range of temperature 55.2° March 18 .. 1\!).0 Sep.5,Dec,4. 58.5° Jan. 30. 57.0 Dec.11. 57.0 April1_1. 50. 0 53.0 Mar. 30. 49.5° Ap. 11. 50. 0 Ap.27-30. l;:j 0 Least daily range of temperature.... 0.50 Dec. 23. 1.10 Feb. 6. 1. 0 A p.18,Dec.31. 1.1° March 27. 1.0 Jan.5,Ap.16 1.2° Jan. 16. 1.o Jan. 5. 1.0 Dec.17. 2.o Jan.2. ~ Average number of clear days ...... 98 117 - 104 . 118 114 109 113 103 133 s Average number of fair days ...... 135 118 133 126 12i 123 114 122 109 Cl.... ('l Average number of cloudy days ..... 130 131 128 121 124 134 138 140 137 :> t"' Average number of days rain fell .... 146 145 148 131 121 125 115 149 120 Ulc:: Mean yearly rainfall .. ·············· 44.98 inches. 40.19 inches. 30.08 inches. 37.il inches. 33.6 inches. 39.64 inches. 33.53 inches. ~0.00 inches. 38.61 inches. iS:: Mean daily rainfall ...... 0.123 inch 0.110 inch. 0.104 inch. 0.100 inch. 0.092 inch. 0.108 inch. 0.092 inch. 0.138 inch. 0.110 inch. iS:: Prevailing direction of wind ..•••.•.. s.w ...... s.w ...... s. w ...... s.w...... s.w...... s.w...... s. w ...... s. w ...... s. w ...., ... - ---·- - --- ~ en&3 METEOROLOGY- TABLE VIII.- Concluded. ~ 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 1897. Summary for 1898. sixteen years. Mean temperature ...... 50. 0 50.10° 52.40" 49.9° 51.8° 50.6° 52.0° 50.7° Highest temperature ...... •...... 0 0 103. July 25. 102. 0June 19. 105. 0July18-19. 106. July 20. 103. 0April17. 113. 0 July 4. 105. 0 July 1. 113. o July 4, 1897. J,owest temperature ...... •.. -25. "Jan. 20. 240 -27.0 Dec. 29. -24.° Feb. 6. -18.0 *4 -27. 0 Jan.26. -20.° Feb.3. -34. 0Jan. 25, 1884. Range of temperature ...... 128. 0 126. 0 132." 130. 0 121." 140. 0 125. 0 • 117.1° Mean daily range of temperature ..... 19. 0 21.7° 23. 0 23.4° 20.0 ~.~.~ Greatest daily range of. temperature .. ,. 51. o Sept. 25. 54.6° 60.0 Oct.19. 59. 0 *8 53. 0 Mar. 25. ~;.·~~~~~~-~-1 :::::::.:::::: 1.::::::::::.::::::: 0 II: !,east daily range of temperature ..... 1. 0 •2 1.0 1.0 Feb.7. o.o Feb.7. 0 0 *6 ...... ··················· 0 Average number of clear days ...... ••. 111 122 138 143 118 130 130 118 A\·erage number of fair days ...... 126 123 126 119 130 119 110 122.5 ~ "d Average number of cloudy days...... 129 120 101 103 118 116 125 124.7 l:>l ?;I..... Average number of days rain fell ..... 121 113 100 89 124 110 121 123.6 Is: l:>l Mean yearly rainfall...... 37.16 inches. 39.63 inches. 29.75 inches. 28.46 inches. 39.58 inches. 38 54 inches. 43.78 inches. 37.85 z '"'! Mean daily rainfall ...... 0.100 inch. 0.110 inch. 0.080 inches. 0 007 inch OJ2 inch. 0.10 inch. 0.119 inch. 0.99 Ul Prevailing direction wind .....•...... s.w ...... s.w ...... s. w ...... s. w ...... s.w ...... s.w ...... s.w ...... s.w. '"'! ...~ *1 Jan. 4 and 11, March 19 and 22, Nov. 12, and Dec. 4. * 2 July 29, Nov. 3-12 and 28, Dec. 17. >0 8 Jan. 15, March 29. * 4 Feb. 9, 10, 11. * 6 Jan. 10, Marc!~ II. 0 ~ c .. ~ ~~;ti~-.:".-'·f- .- .~~::. ··-'"' ~~ ::. ... ·· ·---~:~~·~ ~~~~1-ieliM INDEX. ~ \ t' PAGE Acid phosphate .•••..•••••.•.•...... ·.. ; •..•••••••••.••.. 137 Acknowledgments ...... , .....•...... •....•...•.....•. XVI Analyses of limestone ...... •...... •••••....•..... 120 sugar beets ...... •...... •.... , . . • ...... 107 water ...... • ...... 119 Anthracnose of cucumber ..•...... •...... •...... 221, 2'22 muskmelon ...... ·229 Aphides, experiments on ...... ,...... 254 Army worm, (Bulletin 96) ...... ·...... •.. :...... 3-12 !• description of ...... '...... 6 life his.tory of...... 7 meteorological conditions affecting...... 11 natural enemies of ...... ·...... 11. '' parasites of ...... ·...... 8 Ashes, corn cob, as fertilizer...... 138 hard· wood, as fertilizer ...... ·:· ...... 138 Bacillus tracheiphilus...... 221 Biological laboratory, enlargement ;needed...... XVI Bisulphide of carbon as insecticide...... 253 Blackberries, comparison of varieties ...... ; ...... 73 Blister beetle in sugar beets...... 122 Bone phosphate, meaning of...... 135 Botanical department, work of...... XV Books, papers, etc., donated to library. : ...... XVI Bovine tuberculosis, (See "Tuberculosis")...... XI " (Bulletin 108) ...... 289-37~ Broad striped flea-beetle on sugar beets...... 122 Chemical department, work of...... XV Chinch bug, (Bulletin 106) ...... 238-24H ·' difficulty of reaching in meadows...... 247 ·I inland and seacoast .forms of· ... ; . .'...... 242 " long and short winged forms of .. : ...... 23R number of annual generations of...:...... 246 probable course of diffusion of ...... ,...... 242 Conservatory, need of...... ·...... XVI Consumption, (See "Tuberculosis") ...... • .,...... 290 Corn or Boll worm, the ...... :...... 15-26 '' description of...... 16 " natural enemies...... 18 '' n~mber of broods...... 17 (' prevention and remedies...... 18 Crown gall of peach trees, communicabUity of...... 211 Cucumber diseases in 1898 (Bulletin 105) ...... 217-229 Cucumbers; anthracnose of...... 221, 222 " cercospora on ...... 1...... 222 " downy mildew of ...... •...... 219, 223 " Phyllosticta on ... :...... 222 wilt disease of ...... , ...... 1••••••••••••••••• 221 " spraying experiments with ... ~ ... : ...... 222-228 " . (3871 ' :~ :388 INDEX. PAGa .Cucurbits, list of varieties grown in study of cucumber diseases .•...•....• 220 .Director, report of ...... •••. XI' Donations, acknowledged ...... XVI :Downy mildew of cucumbers ...... •... 219 muskmelons ...... •...... 230 watermelons ...... •..... 232 Dried blood as a fertilizer ...... ·...... •..•...... 135 Entomological department, work of...... XIV Fertilizers, (Bulletin 100 on home mixing) ...... 123-160 experiments on corn ...... •.•...... 127 " wheat ...... 128 " formulre for mixing ...... •..•..•••...... 146 how to calculate constituents of...... •...... • 140 " materials for home mixing ...... 133 partial and complete, comparison of ...... 129 -Fertilizer unit, the ...... '138 1 Fertilizing materials, average composition of ...... •.•...- ..•....• 139 Financial report ...... VI -Fumigating house ...... 193 Fumigation of nursery stock ...... •.. ; .... . 193 Fungi, parasitic, notes on: Alternaria Sp...... 230 Cercospora beticola ...... • 85, 121 Cucurbitae ...... 222 C itr1tllina ...... • ...... 232 Colletotrichum Lagenarium ...... 221, 229 Exoascus deformans...... 201 Fusarium niveum ...... • . . • • ...... 222 roseum ...... • •. . . .• ...... • . 40 Gibberella Saubinettii...... 40, 41 _I Peronospora parasitici...... • . • • . . • • • . . . • ...... 220 Phyllosticta Cucurbitacearum ...... , ...... 222 Plasma para Australis ...... • • . • . • . . • . . . . . • ...... 220 '' Cubettsis ...... 219, 220 Sp ...... -...... 230 Puccinia Sp...... 39 Septaria Lycopersici ...... 232, 233 Tilletia Sp ..... ,...... 35, 38 Ustilago Sp...... 33 -Gooseberries, comparison of varieties...... 74 Hessian fly, the (Bulletin 107) ...... : ...... 257-288 " " different stages of...... • ...... 258 '' early history of...... 259 " effect of on plants in fall...... 277 spring ...... 279 weather on fall brood...... 279 " " experiments on...... 266 " " number and development of broods ...... ~.... 260 '' ovipositi PAGE Horticultural department, work of...... XIV 195 ,. Hydrocyanic acid gas, how made ... ·...... \ Insecticides, experiments with, (Bulletin 106) ...... 248-256 ,.Insects, notes upon: '•' Amblyteles saturalis ...... '...... 12 Apanteles congregatus...... 12· " limenitidis ...... 12· Aphis prunicola...... 252 Archenomus bicolor...... 25- A:Spidiotophagus citrinus ...... ,...... 24 Aspidiotus pemiciosus ...... , 185-20(} Bas sus scutellatus ...... :...... • ...... • . . • . . • 12 _;( Belvosia unifasciata ...... , ...... 12 Blissus leucopterus ...... •...... 238-248 Ciecidomyia destructor ...... 257-288 Chionaspis vitis ...... ·.. . • • • . . • • . • • . . . . • ...... • • ...... 24 Cyllene pictus ...... ·...... •••...... • 19-26 robiniae ...... • • ...... • • ...... • ...... 19-26. Diabrotica longicornis...... • ...... • . . . • ...... • • • ...... 239· Diaspis amygdali ...... • . • ...... • . . . . • 22, 26, 196 ostraeformis ...... • ...... • . . . . . • • ...... • . . . . 24 Dolerus arvensis ...... ••..... , • • • . . • . . . . . • • • • ...... • • 15- collaris ...... • . • • . . . . • • • . • • . . • . • . • • . • 15- Frontina armigera ...... •...... •.. '...... 18 '' frenchi~ ...... 18· Haltichella perpulchra...... •• ...... 12' H eliothis armiger ...... : . ...•.•....•.••.• • ...... • 15-26 Ichneumon jucundus ...... ••....••...... ·.• • • • • • . • ...... • • · 1.2 Lampronota frigida ...... '...... 15 Lasius americanus ...... '"' . • • ...... • • • • . . • • • . . . . • . . . • 25 Leucania tmipuncta ...... , . . • . . . • • ...... • • . . . . • • . • ...... • 4 Limneria oxylus ...... ; . . . . . • . • • . . . • . . • • . . • ...... • . . 12 Me gilla maculata ...... •...... ••.....•••. ~ . . . • ...... • 9 M esochorus scitulus ...... •••...•...... ~ • ...... 12 Micro gaster militaris .....••.•• ,...... 12' N ovius cardinalis. . • . . . . • . • . • . • • • . . . . • • . . . • . • . . . . • • • ...... • 199- 0berea bimaculata...... 20, 26· Ophion purgatum ...... •.•.•••••...... •..•... .'...... 12 " sp ...... •.....••••• ,, •....•.....•••·•...... • 15 Oxyopes scalaris...... •• • • . . • . • . . . • •. . . • • • • • . . . • 8 Pach:ynematus extensicornis...... •.. • • • • • . . • . . . . . • • ...... 14, 26 Perilitus Americanus...... 9· Pezomachus minimus...... 12 Phorocera leucaniae...... • . • • • ...... • . . . . . • ...... • 12· Rho gas terminalis .. .•.•...... •.••....•.... , . . • . . . . . • ...... • 12" Schizoneura lanigera ...... :...... 254 Senotainia trilineata...... 12· Stibeutes pettitii ...... ••.•.....•.•...•.•.•...•.•...•...... , 12;. Systena taeneata. . . . • • • . . . . • • • • • • • • . . • • • . . . . . • • . . . . . • • ...... 122 Tachina sp...... 15· ·Tetranychus telarius ...... , ...... , . .. • . • . • 254 Uniola panicula ...•....••••• ,, ,, •••••••••••••••••• ,, • • • • • • • • . • •• 23S Winthemia 4-punctata • ...... •• ...... 12 " quadripustulata •• , ...... , • ...... • .. • 12· INDEX.·. PAGJC Inspection of milk and meat in Ohio...... 333 nurseries ...... ~ ...... XI, i9q Kainit as a fertilizer...... 138 an insecticide...... 248 Leaf blight of muskmelons...... 230 Leaf spot fungus of sugar beets ...... ·...... 121 Limestone analyses...... 120 Maintenance of fertility, the...... :XIV Manures, farm, average composition of...... 140 Meteorological summary for the year (Bulletin 109)...... 373 "'/ ~~~ Municipal inspection of milk and meat...... 333 .\r. Muriate of potash as a fertilizer...... 137 '4 Muskmelons, anthracnose of..... : ...... 229 '\> ,( downy mildew of...... 230 leaf blight of...... 230 ;41 Nitrogen, carriers of in· fertilizers ...... '...... 135 ,1 Nursery inspection...... XI, 193 1~ Nursery stock, fumigating ...... 193, 195 Oat smut, experiments in prevention of ...... : ...... 49, 179 Oats, (Bulletin 101) ...... 161-183 comparison of varieties...... 164 condition and quality of seed...... 177 depth of seeding...... 176 method of seeding...... 176 preparation of seed bed...... liS seeding on different soil to exterminate smut...... 179 thick and thin seeding ...... : ...... 181 Painted Hickory borer, the ...... , ...... 19 Peach crown gall, communicability of...... 211 Peach leaf curl, cumulative effect of ...... spraying for ...... : ...... 207 distribution of, in 1898...... 210 prevention, with Bordeaux mixture ...... :...... 202 whale oil soap ...... 186, 202 Peach trees, further studies on spraying (Bulletin 104) ...... 201-216 early or late spraying...... • ...... 208 " " financial ·results of spraying...... 210 Peach yellows, prevalence in 1898...... 212 Phosphoric acid, carriers of in fertilizers...... 136 Potash, carriers of in fertilizers...... 137 Raspberries, comparison of varieties...... 72 Raspberry cane borer, the...... 20 Rust of wheat...... 38, 40 ·Red spider, experiments on ...... , ...... '...... 254 :San Jose scale in Ohio in 1898 (Bulletin 103) ...... 185-199 ..... -, f}.!..: kerosene for...... 188 '. <\: measures for exterminating...... 185 " " natural enemies of ...... ~ ...... 198 " nursery inspection for control of...... 191 " " " present known outbreaks in Ohio...... 191 " " " tracing to Japan ...... ;...... 196 '' whale oil soap for...... 186 Scab of wheat ...... •.•..••...••••.••.•.. ,,. . . • ...... • • • • . • • 40 INDEX 391 PAGE Seed and soil treatment for insect pests and plant diseases (Bulletin 102, folder). Seeds, plants, etc., donated to Station ...... XXII ' Small fruits, cultural notes and comparison of varieties (Bulletin 98) .... . 63-76 Spray calendar (Bulletin 102, folder). Spraying peach trees (See peach trees). cucumbers ...... 222 muskmelons ...... 229 Smut of oats, experiments on.' ...... ·...... 49-129 Smut, loose, of wheat ...... · .. , ...... · ...... 32, 4;3 losses from ...... ; ...... 33 prevention of ...... 43, 60 susceptibility of varieties to ...... 34 stinking, of wheat ...... ~ ...... 34, 45,60 .,, losses caused by ...... 37 ,, spores of . ... 0 0 ••••• 0 0 • 0 ~ 0 •••• 0 • 0 0 0 0 ••••••• 0 0 •• ••• 0 0 •••• 36 " freatment for, effect on smut-free grain ...... ~ ... ·...... 48 Stomach worms ,of sheep ...... ; ...... XIII Strawberri~s, comparison of vari·eties ...... 66 Strawberry culture, necessity for water in ...... 63 Sugar beet factories, conditions pertaining to ...... 118 Sugar beets, experiments with in 1898 (Bulletin 99) ...... 77-122 analyses in 1898 ...... 105 " " cost of growing ...... · ...... ,...... 116 '' . cui tural notes .. 0 ••••••••••••••• 0 0 •• 0 0 0 •••• 0 • 0 •••••••• 0 •• : • • 78 diseases of ...... ~121 '·' insects injuring ...... 122 Sulphate of ammonia as 1a fertilizer ...... 134 Superphosphates ...... ·, ...... •.....• 137 Tankage as a fertilizer ...... •.•....••...... 135 Tobacco as an insecticide ...... •...... 25 Tomato bacterial and leaf blights ...... ·...... 232 Treasurer, report of ...... •..•...... VI ,. Tuberculin test, the ...... : ...... : .. 291 effect on healthy animals ...... 294 '' will it produce tuberculosis? . ... , ...... 295 Tube.rculosis, bovine, (Bulletin 108) ...... XI, 289-373 " an outbreak of...... •...... •...... 296 " prevalence of...... •...... ·...... 324 " prevalence in Ohio ...... 330 the literature of ...... •...... 371 the heredity of ...... 363 " human deaths from in Ohio ...... 344 " infantile, in Ohio ...... XII, 347 " in swine ...... 323 " is it decreasing? ...... ·, ...... 367 municipal inspection against...... 333 " the state control of .... 0 •••• 0 •••• 0 •••••••••••••••••• xrn, 369 Variety and cultural test~ ...... XIV Variety tests of blackberries . ; ...... •...... , ...... 73 '' '' oats ...... 161 " " raspberries ...... •.•...••..••••....•...... •...••.•• 72 " " strawberries ...... , ...... 96 1~.::.,...; '\;f·"-.:~/< < '.i ,... ,, ' . ' INDEX PAGJC: . - \.~ Water analyses ...... , .•.•••••..••.•••.•••••••••••.•••••••••••••• 11~' Water in strawberry culture ...... ()3; Watermelon disease ...... •.•...•••..••.•••••.••..•. 232' Whale oil soap for peach aphis ...... •...•••....•• ; .••...•••..••.•.••..• 251 for p~ach leaf curl ..... ·...... •••.....•..•••..•••...... 186-202 for San Jose scale ...... •...••...•••.. : •..•....•. 186 Wheat and grass saw-flies ...... •..•...•.•..••...•.•...•. 13. Wheat and oats, some diseases of (Bulletin 97) ...... 31-61 Wheat, glume spot of...... ' ...... 42· " rust of ...... •...... •..•.•...... •.....•••....•• 38· scab of ...... •...... •.....•..•...... • , ••• 40· the smuts of (see "smut") ...... •...... •...•...... •..•• 31 Wooly aphis of the apple ...... 254 Wool waste as a fertilizer •••..•••.••.••••••.•••••••••..••.••. , •••••••••• 136· .• ,..., . '\~~~ ';· '·• PUBLICATIONS OF THH OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. The first six annual reports of this Station. for the years 1882 to 1887, inclusive,. c~ntain the full record of its work during that period. Such bulletins as were pub lished during these years ("First Series") were intended for newspaper use; they were afterward inco.rp0rated in the annuals and no copies of the bulletins can now be furnished. The first and second annual reports are also out of print. The "Second Series" of bulletins began with 1888. The first seven of these· were included in the seventh annual report, and cannot be furnished separately. The bulletins published since 1888 are listed below: No. 8 (Vot II, No. 1, 1889)- Insects, insecticides and methods of collecting and studying insects. Out of print. No. 9 (Vol. II, No.2, 1889)- Colic of horses. Out of pnnt. No. 10 (Vol. II, No. 3, 1889)- Silos and ensilage. Silage and field beets as. food for cows. Out of print. No. 11 (Vol. II, No.4, 1889)- Experiments with small fruits. Effects of early and late picking upon keeping quality of apples. Out of print. No. 12 (Vol. II, No. 5, 1889)- Wheat: Cultural and variety tests. Out of ;rint. No. 13 (Vol. II, No. 6, 1889)- Remedie.s for plum curculio and striped cucumber beetle. Notes upon strawberry root-louse, grain plant-louse and little known injurious insects. Prevention of potato rot. Out of print. No. 14 (Vol. II, No. 7, 1889)- Cabbage and cauliflower, and trewtment of certain plant diseases. Out of print. No. 15 (Vol. II, No. 8, 1889)- Eighth annual report. Meteorological sum- mary. Index. No. 16 (Vol. III, No. 1, 1890) -Exper.iments wi ii~~•;a~.:.mJ~~..IIiilllil•·6a:l,J~,.g:.i~: ... >!ll·· -~·~~-t:~1t:~~~:~.):i:i1~ili:;·i.~~~:~~.ii~~ -.~~ ~,~'\/ -' ' ,•'• ~ -· : •, of I, 394 PUBLICATIONS OF THE OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. No. 32 (Vol. IV, No. 6, 1891) - Experiments with small fruits. Diseases of the raspberry and blackberry. • No. 33 (Vol. IV, No.7, 1891)-The Hessian fly. . No. 34 (Vol. IV, No.8, 1891)- Forty years of wheat culture in Ohio. No. 35 (Vol. IV, No.9, 1891)-Apple scab. The spraying of orchards. Oul of print.· No. 36 (Vol. IV, No. 10, 1891)-Tenth annual report. Meteorological sum- mary. Index. No. 37 (Vol. V, No. 1, 1892) - Oall:s: Cultural and variety tests. No. 38 (Vol. V, No.2, 1892)-Mangel wurzels and sugar beets. No. 39 (Vol. V, No. 3, 1892) - Fertilizers on corn and oats. No. 40 (Vol. V, No.4, 1892)-lnsect.s which burrow in ll:he stem of wheat. No. 41 - Not published. No. 42 (1892)- Wheat: Cultural and variety tests. No. 43 (1892) - Greenhouses and greenhouse work. The food of the robin. No. 44 (1892) -The rusts of Ohio. Wild lettuce. Scab of wh~t. No. 45 (1892)- Insects affecting the blackberry .and raspberry. No. 46 (1892)- Underground insect destroyers of the wheall: plant. No. 47 (1892)- Elevenll:h annual report. Meteorological summary. Index. No. 48 (1893) - Profit in spraying orchards and v>ineyards. Out of print. No. 49 (1893) - Field experiments with fertilizers. No. 50 (1893)- Experiments in feeding for milk. No. 51 (1893)- Miscetlaneous entomological papers. No. 52 (1893) -Twelfth annual report. Meteorological summary. Index. No. 53 (1894) - Fi~ld experiments with commercial fertilizers. No. 54 (1894)- Strawberries. Out of print. No. 55 (1894)- The Russian Thistle in Ohio. No. 56 (1894) -The San Jose Scale. No. 57 (1894)- Oats: Variety and cultural experiments. No. 58 '(1894)- Thirteenth annual report. Meteorologica.! summary. Index. No. 59 (189Ji) - Noxi.ou.s weeds along .thoroughfares and their destruction. No. 60 (1895)- Feeding for beef. No. 61 (1895) - Sub-irrigation in the greenhouse. No. 62 (1895) -The grape-root worm. No. 63 (1895)- Orchard spraying and notes on va.rieties of raspberries. No. 64 (1895) - 'Dhe smut of oats. No. 65 (1895)- Variety trials with potatoes. No. 66 (1895)- Fourteenth annual report. Meteorological summary. Index. No. 67 (1896) - Oats: Variety and cultural experiments; .treatment for smut. No. 68 (1896) - Some destructiv.e insects. No. 69 (1896) -The chinch bug. No. 70 (1896)- Forage crops. No. 71 (1896) - The mainl\"enance of fertility. Field experimen.tJs with ferti- lizers. No. 72 (1896)- Peach Yellows, Black Knoll: and San Jose Scale. No. 73 (1896)- Investigations of plant diseases in forcing house and garden. No. 74 (1896)- Fifteenth annual report. Meteorological summary. Index. No. 75 (1897) - Beet sugar production. No. 76 (1897)- Potatoes: Cultural notes and \'ariety and fertiliz-er tests. No. 77 (1897) -The chinch bug and other destructive inseots. No. 78 (1897)'- Corn: Cultural and vari-ety te·sts. Corn smut. No. 79 (1897) - Some diseases of orchard and garden fruits. No.· 80 {1897)- The maintenance of fertility. Field experiments Wtith fer tilizers. , No. 81 (1897) -The San Jose scale in Ohio. !' ,'-· .. '-'.•-,. ';"!•' .,.. ~·;;:;.·' ',' PUBLICATIONS OF THE OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION. 396 No. 82 (1897)- Wlheat: Cultural and variety tests. No: 83 (1897)- A first Ohio weed manual. No. 84 (1897)- Sixteenth annual repor.t. Meteorological su10mary. Index. No. 85 (1897)- Strawberries: Cultural notes and variety tests. No. 86 (1897) - The story of the lives of a butterfly and a moth. · No. 87 (1897)- The Periodical Cicada, or so-called Seventeen-year Locust, in Ohio. No. 88 (1897) - Co-operative experiments made by the Ohi:o Agricultuml Students' Union in 1896. No. 89 (1897)- Prevalent diseases of cucumbers, melons and tomatoes. No. 90 (1898)- Sugar beet inve,litigations in 1897. No. 91 (1898) -The lung and stomach worms of sheep. No. 92 (1898) -Prelimina:ry report upon diseases of the peach. Experi ments in spraying peach trees. No. 93 (1898)- The home-miving of fertilizers. No. 94 (1898) -The maintenance of fertility. Fjeld experiments with fertilizers in 1897. ' No. 95 (1898)- Seventeenth annual report. Meteorological summary. Index. No. 96 (1899)- The Army Worm and Other Insects; Wheat and Grass Saw- 1lies; the Corn or Boll Worm; the Painted, Hickory Borer; the Raspberry Caae Borer ; the Peach Scale. · No. 97 (1899)- Diseases of wheat and oats. No. 98 (1899)- Small fruits; cultural notes and comparison of varieties. No. 99 (1899)- Sugar beet investigations in 1898. No. 100 (1899) -A · compariso~ of factory-mixed and home-mixed fertilizers. No. 101 (1899)- Experiments with oats. · No. 102 (1899) - Soil and seed treart:ment and spray calendar for ins«t pests and plant diseases. No. 103 (1899)- The San Jose Scale in Ohio. N<>. 104 (1899)- Further studies up:o.n spraying peach trees and upon diseases · of the pea·ch. No. 105 (1899)- Furthe,r studies of cucumber, melon and tomail:o diseases. No. 106 (1899) - I. The chinch bug. II. Experiments with insecticides. No. 107 (1899)- The Hessian Fly. No. 108 (1899)- Bovine Tuberculosis. No. 109 (1899)- Eighteenth annual repor.t. Meteorological summary. Index. . This Station has also published four bulletins in a "Technioa.l Series," the first three numbers of which are devoted to entomological and botanical pap«s, the last to a list of the birds of Way~ county, Ohi:o. '\ This page intentionally blank. ·~ J · fs. l .~ ,, -l ~~~-----zl~l56.1 20.3,36.6~~~--8-~:-:-133)104'1281341-3.99 > >-l >-< For the State- I II I I I 0 J. I anuary ...... 32.4 71. 12 -18 2 89,...... 45 4 ...... 6 6] 19 I 12 5.2~ .16 ~· W. February ...... 30.0 72. 11 -20 3 92 ...... 48 4 ...... 6 8 14 I 10 I 2.3. .08 S. W. ~ March ...... 45.0 84. 22 5 *1 79 . ...•• 48 12 ...... •••• 10 71 141 131 6.23 .19 S. April ...... 47.2 87. 30 10 3 77 ...... 49 12 ...... 12 9 9 7 2.38 .07 N. May ...... 61.0 I 92. 21 29 9 83 ...... 48 12 ...... 11 I 11 10 I 13 I 4.10 13 S. W. June ...... 00 •• 000000 0 n.9 99. 7 39 I *" 60 0 ••••• 51 24 ...... 0 •• 00 0 171 10 I 3 8 I 2.86 10 s. w. July ...... 76.0 105 1 38 11 94 ...... 49 6 ...... 15 12 4 8 3.V8 .13 S.W. August ...... 73.5 100 31 40 28 60 ...... 46 28 ...... ·····1 13 I 11 I 6 9 I 4.50 .14 s. w. September ...... 67.8 102 1 38 12 69 ...... 53 12 ...... ,...... 171 9 I 5 I 7 I 2.5G .09 S. W. October ...... 53.1 96 4 20 28 76 ...... 48 28 1...... 10 81 13 I 11 I 3.72 .12 S. W. November ...... 38.8 76 3 2 28 74 ...... 49 3 1...... 10 8 131 9 I 3.17 .11 S. W. Dec.ember ...... 2~.~ ~~ -18 __ .::_~.:..:..:..:.:_:~~___:_"_~~:_:_l.:..:..:..:.:_:\_2{)_1--7-\__1_4_ __9_1 1 ~ ~ ~~ Sums and averages ...... 52.1 88 ...... 14 ...... 78.1 ...... 48.4 ······1··· ... ,. ·····1 137\ 1061 12411161 3.65 .12 S. W.