1911 1912 On 24 May 1911, salaries are introduced 15 16 The latest Conciliation Bill is defeated when for MPs. 15 Irish MPs, for tactical reasons, vote against 16 it. This is represented here by the Irish The militant , tricolour flag. 14 14 hides in a cupboard in Parliament’s St. Mary 1913 Undercroft Chapel - during the night of the The horseshoe signifies that on 8 June 1911 census, depicted here as the envelope. 17 1913, Emily Davison dies after falling under She does so in order that she can record the King’s horse during the Derby. her address as the ‘Houses of Parliament’ to express political balance with men. 13 18 The image of Big Ben represents that on 26 July 1913, 50,000 women arrive in The are getting more violent 13 12 London on a pilgrimage organised by the in their campaign. Fires are started, acid is N.U.W.S.S. poured on grass, slogans are painted on walls and windows are smashed. 19 Increasing numbers of imprisoned 1909 suffragettes are refusing to eat. W.S.P.U. members are even awarded medals Some members of the W.F.L. demonstrate 12 by chaining themselves to a grille in the 11 ‘for valour’ by fellow campaigners. The Ladies’ Gallery of the House of Commons, 10 government dislike this martyrdom so depicted here by the padlock. they introduce the Prisoner’s Temporary 17 Discharge for Ill-Health Act (also known as ‘The Cat and Mouse Act’). This Act targets Suffragettes embark upon prison hunger 11 hunger striking suffragettes by releasing strikes. Marion Wallace-Dunlop is the them when ill and re-arresting them when first to refuse food when she is not given healthy. ‘political prisoner’ status. She had been arrested for damaging a wall in Parliament’s St. Stephen’s Hall. Other imprisoned 1914 suffragettes follow her lead, resulting in the 20 The axe symbolises that on 10 , Home Secretary ordering the force-feeding the militant suffragette, , takes an axe to Velasquez’s of women hunger strikers (illustrated here 20 by the milk, eggs and feeding funnel). painting in the . The nation is horrified, and it gives the suffragettes powerful propaganda. 9 21 On 4 August 1914, Britain declares war on Germany and the women’s campaign is halted. During the War, an The emblem shows a suffragettes’ prison 10 19 badge worn on a buttonhole. 18 estimated two million women replace men in traditionally male jobs to release men for 1908 the armed forces. Herbert Asquith becomes Prime Minister. 9 Suffragettes are hopeful that the 1918 Liberals will support them, but they are 22 The Representation of the People Act 1918 disappointed, and become more militant. 7 is passed. The Act gives some women over 21 30 the vote in Parliamentary elections for 8 the first time. On 17 January 1908, some suffragettes 8 chain themselves to the railings of 10 Downing Street. The Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918 is passed and allows women to 1907 stand as Parliamentary candidates. Women On 7 February 1907, the N.U.W.S.S. 7 vote for the first time in the general organise a demonstration. Over 3000 election held in December 1918. The first women take part in the ‘’ wins a seat, Constance Markievicz, through London, so-called because of the but she refuses to sit in the Westminster awful weather conditions. Parliament. It is not until 1919 that Nancy 5 Astor becomes the first female MP to take her seat. The ‘Women’s Freedom League’ (W.F.L.) is formed by members of the W.S.P.U who 1921 oppose violence. 6 23 The mines in the First World War had been controlled by the State, but subsequent 1905 private owners refuse to match the wages and 6 that the miners had received. This results in are the first to be arrested in the battle for a three month miners’ strike. the vote. The handcuffs show that they 22 are jailed for provoking trouble at a public 1924 meeting. 24 The first Labour government takes office, 4 led by Ramsay MacDonald. 1903 1928 and others form 5 the ‘Women’s Social and Political Union’ 25 Emmeline Pankhurst dies. Shortly ( W.S.P.U.). afterwards, the Representation of the 3 24 People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928 is passed, meaning everyone over the age of 21 is The shaking hands represent an agreement 23 4 now able to vote. between the Liberal and Labour Parties whereby they would not risk standing 1948 against each other and risk splitting the 2 26 The Representation of the People Act 1948 vote. abolishes ‘plural voting’, all remaining two- Member borough seats and the residency 1900 25 qualification. The ‘Labour Representation Committee’ 3 is formed, to bring representation of the 1969 working classes to Parliament, shown here 26 27 The for men and women is by the power station. reduced from 21 to 18.

“What a woman may be yet not have the 1985–89 2 The Representation of the People Act 1985 vote/what a man may have been and yet 28 grants British citizens living overseas the not lose the vote” (slogan from a women’s right to vote in Parliamentary elections, suffrage poster in 1912). It describes how a provided they have resided in the UK within woman can be a mayor, a nurse, a mother, 27 the last five years. In 1989, this changes to a doctor, or a teacher, yet still cannot vote. 20 years and it has since been reduced to Meanwhile, a man can be a convict, a 15 years. lunatic, unfit for service or a drunkard and 1 28 not lose the vote. 1997 29 Wales and Scotland hold referendums as 1897 to whether they should have devolved Under the leadership of 1 decision-making bodies. In 1999, elections existing suffrage societies regroup as the are held for the National Assembly in Wales, ‘National Union of Women’s Suffrage 29 the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Societies’ (N.U.W.SS), determined to gain Ireland Assembly. women the right to vote. START END

Burial in Morpeth, Morpeth, in Burial

1897–1997 15 1913 June 15

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4 June 1913 1913 June 4

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on many occasions. She undertook undertook She occasions. many on

19 Nov 1910 1910 Nov 19

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23 June 1910 1910 June 23

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1872 – 1913 – 1872

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The design and manufacture Subsequently the John Hardman of the stained glass windows Studio in Birmingham was appointed in St. Stephen’s Hall originate to manufacture the windows. from a generous bequest Hardman’s link with the Palace can be made by Mrs. Norah Dearsley, traced back to the mid-19th century, an admirer of the Palace of as they made most of the stained Westminster who died in 1995. glass and metalwork to A.W.N. Pugin’s designs during the works It was decided that Mrs. Dearsley’s following the 1834 fire. bequest would be used to replace the stained glass windows in St. Stephen’s The ‘Dearsley Bequest’ windows Hall that were bomb damaged during were installed in January 2002. There the Second World War. are four separate windows, each Dearsley Bequest Windows containing a timeline of significant St. Stephen’s Hall, A design competition was held images relating to the development in 1997, using the ‘history of the of the franchise. franchise’ as the subject for the windows. Designs by a number of stained glass artists were considered History of the Franchise by the House of Lords Works of Art Window number 4 Committee. The Committee selected 1897 – 1997 the submission by Shona McInnes of the Leadline Stained Glass Studio in Yorkshire.

Produced by the Parliamentary Curator’s Office www uk/ June 2013 www.parliament.uk/ART .parliament. ART