FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COUNTY. WASHINGTON
FROM THE INVENTORY PHASE OF THE FOREST SURVEY
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FORtST . SERVICE PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION THORNTON T. MUNGER, DIRECTOR
H. J. ANDREWS, IN CHARGE OF FOREST SURVEY R. W. COWLIN, ASSISTANT
EDWARD D. BUELL IN CHARGE OF FIELD AND OFFICE WORK IN FERRY COUNTY
PORTLAND, OREGON APRIL 1~. 1937 A
Mt,v I (j'37
fiGURE I
OUTLINE MAP
OF" FERRY COUNTY WASHINGTON
11137 TO
t
I
LEGEND
fOREST ZONE
NONfOREST ZONE
COLVILLE NATIONAL fOREST
COLVILLE INDIAN RESERVATION
SC.O.LE
10 15
WILtS FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COillJTY, WASHINGTON
By Edward D. , Buelll/
Ferry County , nne nf the most completely forested coun ties in eastern Washington, lies north 0f the Big Bend country of the lTpper Columbia River . Its mountainous t opography consists of two we:;_l defined spurs of the Colville Mountains, a part 0f t he northern Reeky MoQDtain system. The county' s forests , agriculture, · and mineral deposits are its chief resources and future economic development must depend on them.
This is the initial report of a survey of Ferry County nade dur i ng 1935 by t4e Forest Service as part of a national study of forest resources . ~ The statistics of the forest inventory of Ferry County are presented in four tables and four f igures . An explanatory text , "The Forest Survey of Ec.stern Oregon and Eastern Washington", containing detailed definitions of the f9rest types recognized and a description of the methods used i n the inventory should be read in connection with this report .
Located in the north- central part of eastern Washington , Ferry County extends south from tho international border approxi mately 80 miles to t he Columbia River and from the San Foil- Okanogan ' Divide east about 35 miles to the Kettle ~ iver (fiGure 1 ) . It has I a total land area of 1 ,431 ,155 acres .
l/ THE FIELD AND OFFI CE WORK OF THE FOREST SU RVEY OF FERRY COUNTY WA S DONE BY EDWARn D. BUELL, P. N. PRATT , W. E. SAN KELA, W. E. PELTO, C. S . SM ITH, R. W. COX , L. E. TUCKER , H. M. WOL FE, M. J . LAURIDSEN , A. w. HODGMAN, C. DE WO LFE, C. E. BROWN, B. P. BENNETT , R. S. STEADMAN , AND H. H. ARMS TRONG. ?! OREGON ANn WASHI NGTON WER E 0 1VIf1EO FOR PURPOSES OF THE SURVEY INTO TWO RE
GIONS, ( I ) THE DOUGLAS F IR REGION, CONSI STING OF 1THAT PART OF BOTH STA TES WE ST OF THE SU MM IT OF THE CASCADE RANGE, AND (2) EASTERN OR EGON AND EAST ERN WA SHINGTON , THAT PART OF BO TH STATES EAST OF THE SU MM IT OF THE CAS , ADE RANGE . EACH REG IO N WAS DIVI DED I NTO FO REST SURVEY UNITS COMPOSED OF ONE OR MORE COUNTIES . AT A LATER DATE A REPORT WI LL BE ISSUE D FOR EACH SU RV EY UNIT PRESENTING A TEX TUAL DE SC RIPTION OF THE UN IT, DETA I LED I NVEN TO RY SU M MARIES , AND STATISTICS OF GROWTH AND DEPLET I ON ANALYZED I N THE LIGHT OF THE I NVENTO RY . A REG I ONAL REPORT WILL ALSO BE ISSUEn WH ICH WI LL PRES ENT AND DIS CUSS FI ND I NG S FO R THE REG I ON AS A WHO LE. THE REGIONAL REPORT WILL I NCLUDE AN I NTERPRE TAT I ON OF THE FORE$T SU RV EY DATA AS RE LATED TO OTHER ECONOM I C DA TA AND A CO MPRE HE NS I VE ANALYS IS OF THE REG IO NAL FO REST SITUA T I ON FROM BOTH A PHYS IC AL AND AN ECONOM IC ST AN DPOINT. '
Spreading over mountainous terrain, the county has very little level land . Its mountains 0xtend i.n a north and scuth direc tion and consist af distinct sp-ciTs sepnrated through the central ,art nf the county by the San Pail River and Curlew Creek . These streams head within a short distance of each other abou1 5 miles north ., f Republic with the former flcwing south to enter t he Columbia River at Keller Ferry and the latter fl.,;ving north to enter the Kettle River at Curlew. From the Kettle and Coltm.bia Rivers along the east ern boundary of the county the mountains rise rapidly to culminate in a series of peaks, several of which are over 7 , 000 feet high . This backb¢ne which extends the full length of the county is considerably more rugged than ether parts of the county. The lower mountains b ~ th in eastern and ~estern parts of the county are ~enerally rolling. Travel across secnndary drainages is made difficult by bluffs, rock breaks , slide rock,and cliffs but by following rid~es most ~ f the 1nountainous area is ac Pessible . Elevation within the county ranges from less than 1, 000 feet al0ng the Columbia River to 7,142 feet at the top of Copper Butte .
The north half 0f the county is drained by the Kettle River which flows easterly near the northern boundary of the county, cross ing and recr ~ ssing the i~ternational border until turning south near Laurier it forms part of the east boundary of the county and enters the Columbia River one and one-half miles above Kettle Falls . The snuth half of the county is dr ained either by the San Poil River or directly toward the Columbia.
\Vhi l e precipitation varies considerably wi ~ hin tho county, it is sufficient to ma intain some type of forest growth over all but a sn:.all area i.n the extreme south portion where a few thousand acres of open grass land occurs . According to the 1: . s . W0ather Bureau, the mean annual rainfall for the period 1900 to the present at Republic is 15 inches and at points adjacent t0 the ea stern edge af the county is somewhat more . Tt.Gre are no v1eather stations at the higher eveva tions but undoubt6dly the annual precipitation in the mountains is two or three times that of the lowlands .
Ow ing to the seasonal character ~f the r a infall irrigation is desirable during the dry summer months . Jiowuver, little has been done in the way of d t::. velopment at present . A few smal l individual projects are in ~peration but dry farming is the general rule . Ac cording to the Bureau of the Census only about 2 , 000 acres of crop land was irrie;ated. during 1934. The possibility of any large scale project is r emote for the topography of the agricultural sections of the ,;~ ounty is not suited to su<' h prC' j ects . Cooperation between groups of individuals in <'onstructing and maintai ning small develspments may gradually add more land to that now irrigated.
- 2 The Gr8at Northern Raj_lroad furnishes the rail transpor tation for tho county . A spur line over which is maintained tri weekly freight service conncl!ts Republic with the Can8dian Pacific system at Grand Forks, B. c. Another branch extends along the Kettle River , entering the cou.."lty at Leurier and leaving it near Marcus , which gives daily passenger and freight service to people located in the northeast portion of the co~~ty . Highway development consists of surfaced roads connocting Republic with Tonasket, Keller Ferry, and Canada and of n highr;o ay that extends along the Kettle Rivur connecting Co.nnda and the Inlo.nd Ernp ire . A surfo.cod road is now being built that ~ ill connect Republic with Kettle Falls . The secondary road systum is very well devoloped, r0aching all parts of 'tho county.
The population of Ferry County in 1930 w2s 4,292 :1ccording to tho Bureau of the Census . T1"1is population was cla ssed os ull rurc:l. Republic , the county seat cmd tho only incorporated plc.ce in the county, had 710 i nhabitants in 1930.
According to tho Bur oau of the Census 1'74,000 ncr os or 12. 2 percent of Ferry County is in farres, but only about 32 ,000 acres or 2 percent is classified as crop land . Tho romaindor is ~sod as pasture lend and consists of woodlots, open grnss lnnd , stwnp pcstures, etc . Agricul tur ~~ l dov0lopmont is confinod almost entirely to the mcin vclloys . Hay, sr:1 cll grc.ins , and fruit aro the chief crops .
Stock raising is importunt in the county. Tho 1935 census plc\CGd th:.:; c ..:t ttlo populution at 13, 000 nnd the sheep at 8 , 500 . Con siderable Tiintur feedi nc is nocassary; during the spring the animals graze on P''.sturo lnnd c.d j t: cent to the crop lr.md; in the:; surnmor they nro ta.kcn to the forest renges c.t the higher uluvc tions .
Important mining activity bt;e;:-tn in tho county in 1896 when the boundc.ry of tho Colville Indi~m Rcsorvc: tion wns chc.ngod to its present locntion. Prior to that tirno all of thu county hc.d been w ~thin tho rosorvction and F0doral regulations prohibited stGking of clnims on Indic.n 1:-cnd . For somu time Republic , Curlen, To r oda, c...nd other plr:. ccs w0re net i v...:- mL1ing to1i.'ilS . How~_;ver , r.:tClny of tho minos lc..tor b(;CU!lt; unprofitnble [end wore closed. S 'Vurc.l of the smaller pl::.:c..;s bec ~li'lo "gj.1ost " tovvns . At present oxcopt for somo nctivity a.t Republic nnd prospecting her e; and thoro, little mining is in progress.
Ferry County' s forest lend, which amounts to 1 , 285 ,450 ncres , was clGssifiod by tho Forust Survey into 26 cover types .
-3 Dntc:. concerning forest-type ::;.re: ·. s tog0thor with dntc: on nonforest lend (types l o.nd 2) nrc presented in tnbles 2 r.nd 3 nnd figures 3 C'.~1d 4 . Forest covcr oxteads ovor the entire county except for c. smnll trGdless nrcn in the extreme south portion o.nd r1re::;.s used for c.griculturc:l purposes . Tho rio•1forest lc:nd in the county c:mounts to o.pproximntoly 10 percent of thq tot:.:l c.rec. . The inch-to- the-mile forest type mc.p of the county.:V shows thnt the forest zone (figure l) is divided into two mcin ports ; onu dominc. tod by ponderosn pine nnd o'.1e doninc.t0d by other co ~1 if e rs, principc.lly Dougl<1 S fir O.i'td vmstern lcrch.
Skmds in uhich ponderoso. pine is the key species occur in o.n cuinterrupt0d body in the south portion of the c01mty Qnd extend north up tho vc.lleys of the Snn Poil cmd Kettle Ri ve:rs w0ll into the north hc:lf . 'l'he c.re:::, occupied by these stnnds, roughly horseshoe . shc,pod, c...rnocu ts to 53 percoat of the. totc.l forest lc.nd ::nd cont;.:.ins by f~~r the most vc.luc:ble timber in the county. On ovor 90 percent of tho nrec. occupied by pondcrosc. pine types , the ntnnds c.ro of sc.w tirnbcr chc.r ~::. ctor .
'rimbor stu;1ds mc:l de up of Douc;L .c s fir, western lo.rch , E.lgel m.:::ln s::;:>ruce , lode;opolo pine, nnd other co:: ifors nro f ound chiefly in the northern pc.rt of the c ounty r.nd c.t thC; higher clev::: tions in tlle moUlttnins betue.:m the K0ttlo c.nd the Sc:n Poil Rivers . A number of types ~1 ro fou.'ld over this arcc; the more i mportc:nt ones being tho upper- slopo mixture , the Dou,slns fir, ~end tho lodgepole pine . Duo to the l:::r go firos thc t h :~ ve burDod over much of tho n.rer: nbove the pine zo~w in recent doc~:des nec.rly h<.lf tho timber st,.nds fou.'1.d there r; re belon s:.:·:;log size .
This group comprises t::ll tho f orest types L1 the cou11ty in ·which thc timber is of comm0rcic:l ch ~;, r ~: ct~.-r c-.~ 1d most of the volumo is in treus 12 inches or more in diuneter . 'rhoro :.~ro ll such typos extending over 888 , 000 o.cros , 7 0 percent of the couilty ' s forest lnnd . 'IT'o of tho group , Husturn red cudnr poles (type l9A), end lodgepole pine, lcrge (typu 25) , r;r'- m1import2.nt . T'"ypo l9A ~-rc;s once much more oxtcnsive but co:1ti:mous exploit:-:tion :-: nd duv(:st:Iting f i r0s hnve so deplete d it thr.t n Y ~~AP S ON I NCH - TO-THE- MILE S~ALE SHOVIING THE LOCAT I ON OF THE I NTEGRAL AREAS COMPOS I NG THE 26 TYP ES RECOGN I ZED I N FERRY COUNTY WERE PREPARED I N CONNEC TION WITH THE FO REST INVENTORY . TH I R INFORMATI ON HAR ALRO BEEN I NCORPORATED I N A LI THOG RAP HED Mh P, RCALE {INCH TO THE MILE , OF THE NORTHEAST QUARTER OF WASH I NGTON . COP I ER OF THERE MAPS MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE PACIF I C NOR TH WERT FOREST EX PERIMEN T STAT I ON , 424 U. S . COURT HOUSE, PORTLAND, OREGON . - 4 Types L1 Phich tho koy sp--ci us is pondel'OS<'- piao occupy 69 percent of the sew-timber ty})o f'..ru~ ·. . Pure: pondorosc. pine (type 20 . 5) is tho most inport P o~1d er csec pine , sn.". ll ( type 21) , in Ferry County is ~, bout t1.-vo - thirds thE: rGsult of fire c~ld one- third tho result of logging. This type is conce:ltr,!ted L1 c nnrro~' belt bordering the Columbi:::t ::-.nd Kettle Rivers L1 the extreme e:1st portion of the couHty. Hon uver, c fow smc_ll r_ r o::. s c.ru fourtd in the Sn;, Poil Vc.ll~.:y . Tho volume per ncre in type 21 rnnges from l , OCO to 5,000 bonrd feet . Ponderos:--. pLl8 , v7oodlcnd (type 5!) , the lenst i mport:-mt of the pine typos , occupies c.bout 40 , 000 ncres of forest lr.nd nh ich is c.d j .:::ce~tt mostly to the ::wnforest zone in t~1e southern pert of the county. The trees comprising tho typo nre usu·'.lly of commercial cho.rc.ct8r but bec:cusc of the low v·:> lume per ncre , 250 to 2 , 000 bor.rd feet , they hc.ve little ecoaomic V:"llue . Of tho rumnininc 273, 000 r·.~res of sD.'.< - tirnbor types , 164 , OOC c.c rus is occupi~d by the upper- slope mixture type (No . 27~) . This ty:!_)e predomin::tes i n the north portion of the cou:1ty 2-nd c.t high ele vntio~ls . Western lnrch is the most nbund<'::lt Sl'leci es in the type . 0:1 109 , 000 c.cres this tree llh".kes up 50 porce:1t or more of the volume of the st - 5 These types, fou...'l.d mostly i :1 the north h ~\l f of the cou.nty, r:ro iatcr mingled r,i th the upper- slope typo . W0st0r~1 l ~, rch is th0 most common nss0ci nte of Dougl:s fir in. :.-:.11 throe type s . Both the Douglns fir :-md tho u~1pcr - sl opo rnixtare types occur, L1 gencr2.l, over c.ruc.s loss c ccossiblu thn~ do tho poaderos~ pine types . Boc~use of this ~n d the lou stumpegu v ~ lue of the species , those types nre nt present more v r. lu ~. b l c for ·;:ntc-rshed prutuction :-~1 d recrc;.·_tioncl purposes thc.n for CODlmorc i::.tl uso . Theso tYIJOS 0 CCUr r:n ,-~ pproximc t 0 ly 290 , 000 ncr c s i n the ccuaty . Of this c.mou..'l. t nbout 233 , 000 :·.erGs 11ro occupied by types that .ire the result of fir" rend 57 , 000 ::. cre;s by types rosultL1g fror,1 logging . Imm0turo po~1deros:1 pinG n-::1 d pi:"le: mixture typos (types 22 :::md 28) cover 53 , OJO ::::crds of f orest L :. nd o:td ::rc loc:::t0d chiefly i n tho extreme ccst porticn of tho com1ty. Stuckin[; c o~1d i tioas c.re sc..t isfnctory over most of thL nrec [\S nbout 90 perco:1t is medium s tocked or better . I mnr'. turG st r. ::1ds other tllro :;.liJ.lu consist of t>iO Douglns fir typos , sm::ll ~>olcs ( typo 9B) c:1d seedlinGs :md SC'.IJli::1gs (type 10) , ct;dur pol<;s, sm:.:..ll (typo l9B ) , upp;.., r-slopo mixture; , smc,ll (typu 28-t), n:1 d lodgopole pL1o , modi urn ,,_:id GlTiccll (typos 26 fend 26A) . Of the 237 , COO ncros occu:)i Gd by these type s ell but 19 , 000 c eres h cvo rc oultod from fir0 . Those types occur me; stly c.t hicll elevc:tic.;ns nnd usuc:lly L1 bodi0s of l;::rg,;.: size; . Directly e<'. st of tho sumrni t of tho Jn-:)U..'l. k .ins lyiag but ~ :ocm Republic cmd Kettle F:--.l ls ere loc :.:. ted bodies of tho sr11::ll loC:. gL:l! O l~ nr:..d uppc-r- slupo mixture ty:p -~s covcriiJ.g st:.ver::l thcusr:ad c. cn.s . 'l"heo0 er 8 the dirLJct rcsult of t<;;o quito rGc o:J. t firt.s k~1 01 .•1 c.s tho Sov<.: a te;uu Milu C.re;ck fire v1hich o ccurred Ll 1926 <'.:,ld tho Dc l lo.r Mou::1k.L1 firo of 1929 . The innnduro Dougl:-• s fir ty:;::>os do rwt occur in c..s l :1 rgc: b odie:s c.s tho orrmll lodgepole 1-Jino c:;.1d upp;..,r-slo ~)(; mixture typGs nor io the ir c. ggrc gC'. to nren ~• s gr cnt . Stocki :1c; coiidit i ons ov0r me st of thu m·oc. comprisL1g LJ.l l th.:;sG nrc vc,ry g0od . Cthor For0st Ty)GS 'I'h<.: rum:--. i l: inc f crcs t typos i n t hG county r:: rc h.:->.rdwoods occupyiag l, 500 C'.cros , subr:l)Llc t:' td i.1 CDcomnorcii'.l r ocky :::ror:s oc cu:yy Llf, 77 , 000 r.crof; , c:;td ~t::i:l rc,s t oc k o d cutovcrs ::~1d deforested burns C'JU:JUl1ting t o 30 , 000 ;_;erGs . Of this grou~1) the :1 C ~1cormnorci c l forest l :1ad , thC',t is, l c.nd i n c :--,lxtblc.:: of producing con:rr'lerci c.l f ::J ros t skmds , is fou::1d mostly o. t the highost t.-lL.::vntio:1s o.:1d hc.s co:1siclorr-b l o pro tect i on n:1d rccr - 6 A classification of the forest lund of Ferry County ac cording to its capacity to produce tinber crops is shm:n in table 4 . Excepting the lodgepole pine, no11c:Jmraercial r ocky areas, subalpine, ar1d hardvJOod sites, all ·f orest ln.nd u1s rated on the basis of its cupucity to produce either ponderosa pine or Douglas fir . It Dill be noted that the area classified as lodgopole pino site nmounts to nearly 80 , 000 acres less than the amount of lodgepole pine type areas that occur in the county . Lodgepole p i ne is often the first species to r estock an area after a fire even 1 ~on the area hcs a pr oductive cctpacity that sh.:mld be; ussig1: ed e ither a ponderos:J. pi ne or Douglas fir s ite quality. 'rherefore , aruas covt:;rod by lodgep )le pL1e types \il;r o g iven their proper site desig..11o.t i on ruther th<.m cl3ssified on the basis of th0ir present cover . Of the total 1 , 285 ,450 acres clas sified ~1s to sito, 53 perc-:ut r.ro.s ponderosa pine, 40 percent 11as Douglas fir, und 7 perce:J.t -.;us of noncommorcinl chc~ructer . Both tho po11derosa pine and Douglus fir site c.ruas uverage a lor.- site quality class IV . This productivo c 2paci ty of f orest lund i n the cou~.1ty is somm•hat be lo1i< that ordim:.rily fou~1d throuc,hout casturn WashL1gton and Oregon. 8 <'.'.!- Timber Volume The tctnl sn'.:- tirr..bor volume of Ferry c c.. uaty is 4 3/4 billion board foet . Th o spec i us distribution of thi s vol wne is shoL'll i n table lend figurt:. 2. Ponderosa p i r:.e constitutes tho most volume, amounting to nec:.rly half tho tot c:-.1 , r.hile Dc uglrts fir und v; estern larch take second end third pl~ce , rospactively. Tho total volu.rnc of Douglns fir sm: timber is largEJ in pro porti on to tho nrco. of Dougl:::ts fir sa·;;- timbor types because Douglns fir timbGr of cormnercicl ch:::trf.~ctor is fou:1d in many other sG>i - timber typos such as tho pine mixture and upper-slope typos . The volume of r:ostern lc.rch , K1gelmaim spruce , cmd vrh ite fir is chiefly on nrcns clcssifiod as upper- slope typo . Other as sociate species in this type that contribute slightly to the total volume of tho county nro lodgepole p i ne , 11hite fir, nud wester n red cedc.r . The p onderosa pLw volume in the county is more accessible than that fo1nd in the other species . Tho topogr ~:.phy of the cou...11ty indicntos thc.t '.Ihen tho timber is cut it 1:ill be trc::.1sported to the Cclurabia River and m2.rkotcd L1 the Inlc~nd Era:!:Jirc: . Somo of the pon derosa pine volume and the large majority of the volume of Douglas fir, western larch, and other species is so loccted that profitable utilization is i mpossible at the present time . Forest 01.. mer ship Approximately half the forest l and and slightly over half the sa;·J - timber volume of Ferry County is in Indinn ormership and lies ·,;i thin the Colville Indian Reservati on. A significunt point about - 7 the forest resources in Indian ovmership is that over 70 percent of the ponderosc pine of the co"Jllty, both as to type nree and saw- timber volume, is in this class . The Federal Gove:r·nment is the second lnrg est o-.mer of forest resources in the cou11ty t-'i th 1:~ billion bonrd feet of timber and neo.rly ~ million acres of forest L nd which is practico.lly all within the Colville National Forest . Douglas fir and ,-:estern lnrch meke up the bulk of the volume in this orraership clnss . Forest lend and smv- timber volume in private, Stnte, and county mmerships c.re of less importa~1ce in Ferry CoULity than in most of the timbered cou.1ties in enster:1 Washington . The arec of nlienated forest lnnd is not large either in the Colville Indian Reservation or in the Colville National Forest . Forest Use Tho forest industrL::l development of Ferry Ccw1ty is limited at present to small -vwods operations nnd little mills that have co.pnc ities of from 10 thousand to 30 thousnnd bonrd l'eet per 8 - hour shift . ~ocal people m:n and operate these a ctivities. Horses and tractors are used Ll the noods and the logs are tr~" 1sported to the mills by trucks . Most of the lunber mr.nufecturod in t he cou.1ty is used locally. With the con:pletioa of tho Gr::cnd CouL~o dr:m, ,:;o.ter tr::".:lsportc.tion fc. cilities for logs \.; ill be grec.tly i ::J crer:s6d . TJ.1is mc.y e~J.courage the establishment of lc.rger mills at some point nec.r the Spolccno mc.rket to Fhich }<,orry Cou:1ty timber may be hrought . From 1921 to 1930 timber snle oper2ctions v;ere active n ithin the portion of the Colville NGtional Fores t loc..-cted i:1 Forry County. The volum0 of timber cut during that period m:. s apl)roximr:tely double thnt cut in previous decc.des . Most of tho timber sr:los were small b l-'. t one located on Shermc.n Creek i:1 the er-.st portim1 of the county ernou:J.ted to 67 million board feet . Tinber sc.les htwt:: become less active in recent years. Cednr poles have be0n cut from :1lo~g the strecms in the eastern part of' the COlJ.nty for mc.~1y yecr s . This industry becmne very nctive uhen truck trn~sport~t i on devEloped to n point \there the poles could be hnulod to places in tho nonforosted section of tho State . Then; still remains o. lleo.vy domo.nd for cc::dfl.r poles but the supply is :1m-.- very limited o.ad the quelity of the ccdnr that is still UJ.icut is poor . The he•:1ed tie bus i:wss, •.:hi ch \!L'.s n~J. irnportnnt industry some years e.go , practic .~.l ly ce::.sed -;;hen tho GI'e nt Northern Railroad st:::rted using s::n.:1 ties in profere~1ce to ~eVJ::l t ies. P.eceutly the Grent Northern Rf:.ilrond is becoming interested Ll tho use of i·.:estern larch as a source of tie materiel a:1d hos mnde a:pplic:1tion to the :Forest S(;rvicc for an Ulllimi tud supply of this species, so it seems possible tht:t tho so:.;ed tie business mc.y become import ~:n t ia tho C OU~1ty . - 8 • The grnzing resources of tho forest lcmd in the: county are utilized by both cnttle and shEJep . In 1906 , 2 , 500 cattle c.nd l9 , 50C sheep ~ore gr~zed G i thi~ that portion of tho Colville Nntioncl Forest situetted iu Ferry County. Other cattle nnd sheep nore grc.zed outside the no.tiono.l forest on privntc lCJ1d m1d oa the Colville Iadinn Reser vc.t i on . About hc.lf tho sheep gr·tzod Ll tho cmmty during the summer ar<.; brought in from other soctioits of the: State. Wntcrshed protoction nnd rccrcett io~1nl use ore t\iO other vc:.lunblu ass0ts of the cotuty' s f orests . Fall hlli1ting brings mnny sportsmen to the county 1:h0re they find big gnme ple;1tiful. Accord ing to the 19~7 deer ce:1sus tnken by tho U. S . Forest Service , there nre over 6 , 0'JO deer r r-.:1gi :1g oa national f orest lo.11d clone . The futuro dovclopmont of the section to be irrignted he l0\7 the Grand Coulee dGID mo.y bring i n creased usc of the f orest re sources of the COlli1ty . - 9 FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COUNTY, WASHINGTON FROU INVENTORY PHASE OF FOREST SURVEY TABLE 1. VOLUME OF TIMBER BY SPECIES AND OWNERSHIP CLASS DATA CORRECTED TO JANUARY I, 1936 TREES I~ AND MORE IN DoBeHo THOUSANDS OF BOARD FEET, LOQ SCALE, SCRIBNER RULE s FEDERAL SUR-: 4. STATE, INDl~N, : ·: NATIONAL FOREST VEY : SPEC lEal! PRIVATE AVAit.ABLE COUNTY TRIBAL AND: PUBLIC AVAILABLE RESERVED TOTAL SYM-: FOR TRUST DOMAIN FOR FROU BOL CUTTING ALLOTMENT : CUTTING CUTTING y PONDEROSA PINE 174,963 16,768 : 35,219 I ,689,844 12,496 290,030 667 2,219,987 LP LODGEPOLE PI·NE 2,955 225 : 1,051 562 334 15,231 20 20,378 or DOUGLAS FIR 149,927 59,797 48,550 : 697,141 21,185 604,438 612 1,551,650 c WESTERN RED CEDAR 357 1 78 966 : 25 ·6,535 281 8,242 WF LOWLAND WHITE FIR 178 3 133 2,244 24 6,776 83 9,441 AF ALPINE FIR 235 : 9 595 9 830 WL WESTERN LARCH 74,352 21,852 23,438 249,736 : 10,683 : 529,059 : 860 : 909,980 ES ENGELMANN SPRUCE 3,811 978 : 1,663 3,463 675 28,971 303 39,864 scY: NORTHERN BLACK COTTONWOOD 878 22: 3,722 500 5,122 TOTAL 407,656 • 69,623 110,154 2,647,678 ! 45,422 .. 1,491,135 2,826 4, 774,494 1( SPECIES NOT LISTED HERE WHICH OCCUR IN THE COUNTY, BUT IN NEGLIGIBLE QUANTITIES, ARE WHITEBARK PINE, ROCKY MOUNTAIN RED CEDAR (JUNIPERUS SCOPULORUM) 1 WESTERN WHITE SPRUCE, ALDER, AND BIRCH. ~ADDITIONAL VOLUMES DETERMINED IN CORDS (A) NORTHERN BLACK COTTONWOOD 600 CORDS (B) ASPEN 11 000 CORDSo FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COUNTY, WASH I NGTCN FROM INVENTORY PHASE Of" FOREST SURVEY TABLE 2. AREA, IN ACRES, OF ALL FOREST COVER TYPES, BY OWNERSHIP CLASS DATA CORRECTED TO JAMJARY I,. 1936 f'EDERAL SUR STATE, INOIAIIf; .NATIONAL FOREST VEY TYPE DEFINITION PRIVATE AVA I LABL£ COUNTY : TRIBAL AND: ~ - PUBLIC AVA ll.ABLE RESERVCO TOTA~ TYPE F'OR TRUST DOIIA IN f'OR FROU NO. CUTTING ALLOTMENT : CUTT I t.C CUTTING WOODLAND: ~ PONDEROSA PINE WOO~LANO! SCATTERED STANDS OF UATURE PONDEROSA PIN£ ON UNFAVORABLE SITES 7,010 140 1,420 I 30,020 I 585 2,080 41,255 PONDEROSA PINE: FORESTS CONTAINING 5((. OR MORE OF PONDEROSA PINE 20 PONDEROSA PINE, LARGE: FORESTS CONTAINING 50 TO 8~ OF PONDEROSA PINE, MORE THAN 22• OBH 9,740 1,875 2,455 I 148,445 1,235 I 28,855 170 192,775 20.5: PURE PONDEROSA PINE, LARGE: FO~ESTS CONTAI NltJG ~OR MORE OF PONDEROSA PINE, MORE THAN 22" OBH 10 27S 670 2 385 142 100 410 10 110 I 165 9SC 21 PONDEROSA PINE SMALL: 12 TO 22" DBH 29,870 115 I 4 325 I 57,090 I,765 6,545 100,710 22 PONDEROSA PINE SEEDLINGS, SAPLINGS, AND POL£8: LESS THAN 12" DBH II ,875 360 2,270 4,930 590 465 I 20,490 PINE UIXTURE: MIXED FORESTS CONTAINING 20 TO 5q; OF PONDEROSA PINE 27 PIN£ f.11XTURE, LARGE: 12• OR MORE DBH 9,830 1,145 3,195 71,360 790 27,175 5 113,500 28 PI NE MIXTURE 1 Sf.• ALL: L£SS THAN 12" DBH 14,870 900 3,565 8,3ffi I ,395 3,475 32,510 DOUGLAS FIR: FORESTS CONTAINitiG 6((. OR MORE OF DOUGLAS FIR 7 DOUGLAS f"'R, SMALL OLD GROWTH: 22 TO 40" DBH 760 350 385 6,195 160 2,910 10,760 8 DOUG LAS f"' R, LARGE SECOND GROWTH: 22 TO 40" DBH 3, 785 1,300 1,440 14,0(6 625 18,345 39,500 9A DOUGLAS FIR, LARGE POLES: 12 TO 20" DBH 11,730 2,045 4,400 4,200 2,170 31,205 55,750 98 DOUGLAS f"'R, s.tALL POLES: 6 TO 10• DBH 5,170 450 I I ,590 1,000 1,150 8,415 I 17,775 10 DOUGLAS FIR, SEEDLIMJS AND SAPLIMJS: L£66 THAN 6• DBH 2,910 680 BOO 1 420 355 2,350 7,515 1 WESTERN REO CEDAR: FORESTS CONTAIN lNG 40% OR MORE OF lEST ERN REO CEDAR 19A WESTERN REO CEDAR, POLES: 12 TO 24" OBH 85 85 198 WESTERN RED CEDAR SEEDLINGS AND SAPLINGS: LESS THAN 12• OBH 140 140 UPPER-SLOPE l.iiXTURE: MIXED FORESTS OF 1/ESTERN LARCH, DOUGLAS FIR, ENGEU.IANN SPRUCE 'IHITE FIR, ALPINE FIR, OR LODGEPOLE PINE; OCCASIONALLY OTHER SPECIES 27f UPPER-8LOPE -..IXTURE, LARGE: 12" OR "ORE DBH 11,925 • 3,480 3,885 J 33,680 2,030 111,930 I 125 I 167,055 za..k UPPER-&LOPE MIXTURE, SMALL: LESS THAN 12" DBH 7,540 1,210 2,650 1 23,800 I 970 87,690 35 I 123,895 LODGEPOLE PINE: FORESTS CONTAINING 5qi OR MORE OF LODGEPOLE PINE / 25 LODGEPOLE PI !'IE LARGE: 12" OR MORE OBH 205 I 5 I 140 I 350 26 LODGEPOLE PINE, MEDIUM: 6 TO 10" DBH 45 45 85: 1,740 35 15,820 17,770 26A LODGEPOLE PINE, SLtALL: LESS TI-'AN 6" DBH 885 I 35 310 19,230 • 160 48,805 90 69,515 HARDWO OD: FORESTS CONThlldNG 5q; CR I.IO RE CF NORTHERN BLACK CCTTONWOOD AND ASPEN 31 .5: HARDWOOD$ LARGE: I 2" OR f.WRE DBH 135 I 15 430 5 585 31 HARDWOODS S..1ALL: LESS THAN 12 11 DBH 205 I 15 580 800 33 SUBALPINE: FORESTS AT UPPER LIMITS OF TREE GROWTH, USUALLY UNI.IERCHANTABLE 175 190 5 080 5,445 NONRESTOCKED CUTCVERS: LOGGED AREAS NOT SATISFACTORILY RESTOCKED AND NOT CARRYING A RESIDUAL STAND OF I 1.1 OR MORE PER ACRE 35A CUT SINCE BEGINNING OF" 1920 4 000 190 300 255 I ISO I ,435 6,360 358 CUT BEf'CRE 1920 95 105 200 DEFORESTED AREAS: NONREST CCKEO ARtAS DEFO~E S TED OTHEF:\11SE THAN 'BY CUTTING 37 DEFORESTED BURNS 2260 570 I 025 8 865 630 8 935 23 285 38 NONCOki!.IERC I A L ROCKY AO.. EAS 6 495 110 2 180 27140 3565 30 985 71 475 TOTALS FOR FORI::GT LAND 151 790 18 675 38 BOO 603 980 18 805 452 975 425 285 450 I. 2: NONFOREST LAND: CULTIVATED, GRASS, SAGEBRUSH, OARREtlS, CITIES, Urlf.![.".I;UERED WATER SURFACES ETC. 72125 2 275 II 845 : 45 340 4 185 9 935 145 705 TOTALS FOR COUNTY 223 915 20 950 50 645 649 320 22 990 462 910 425 I 431 155 FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COUNTY, WASHINGTON FROU I NVENTORY PHASE OF FOREST SURVEY TABLE 3. AREA, IN ACRES, OF GENERALIZED FOREST TYPES, BY OWNERSHIP CLASS DATA CORRECTED TO JANUARY I, 1936 FEDERAL STATE, INDIAN, NATIONAL FOREST TYPE DEFINITION PRIVATE AVAILABLE COUNTY TRIBAL ANDI PUBLIC AVAILABLE I RESERVED TOTAL FOR TRUBT DOMAIN FOR FROU CUTT lNG ALLOTMENT I CUTTING CUTTING HARDWOODS: COTTONIOOD AND ASPEN SURVEY TYPES 31 AND 31.5 340 30 I I ,010 1 5 I I 385 PONDEROSA PINE 12• OR YORE OBH SURVEY TYPES~~ 201 20.51 21, AND 27 66,725 4,945 13,780 449,015 I 4,785 I 74,765 I 175 I 614,190 PONDEROSA PINE LESS THAN 12• DBH ON CUTOVER AREAS I 25,285 1,210 5,430 2,660 I ,685 I 1,535 37,805 SURVEY TYPES 22 AND 28 ON OLD BURNS 1,460 50 405 10,575 300 I 2l405 15,195 TOTAL 26,745 I,260 1 5,835 I 13,235 I I ,985 I 3,940 I 53 000 CONIFERS 12• OR YORE OBH OTHER THAN PONilEROSA PINE ArlO LODGEPOLE PI HE SURVEY TYPES 7l 8l 9A, 19A, AND 2?-k 28,200 I 7,175 I 10,110 58,060 I 4,985 164,475 I 125 I 273,150 CONIFERS LE86 THAN 12• DBH OTHER THAN PONDEROSA ON CUTOVER AREAS 9,755 895 3,475 I 165 I ,610 3,215 19,115 PINE AND LODGEPOLE PINE ON OLD BURNS 51865 I I1445 1 I ,565 1 25,055 I 865 I 95,380 I 35 I 130~210 SURVEY TYPES 98l lOt 19B, AND 2~ TOTAL 15,620 I 2,340 5,040 25,220 I 2,475 I 98,595 I 35 149,325 LODGEPOLE PI HE 12• OR YORE DBH SURVEY TYPE 25 205 I 5 140 I 350 LODGEPOLE PINE LESS THAN 12• DBH SURVEY TYPES 26 AND 26A 930 80 395 20,970 I 195 I 64,625 I 90 I 87,285 NONCot.lMERC IAL· AREAS SURVEY TYPES 33 AND 38 6,670· I, 110 2,180 27,330 3,565 36,065 76,920 NOIIRESTOCKED CUTOVER AREAS AND DEFORESTED BURNS SURVEY TV PES 35Al 35B1 AND 37 6,355 I, 760 1,430 9,120 810 10,370 . 29,845 TOTALS FOR FOREST LAND 151,790 18,675 38,800 603,980 18,805 I 452,975 425 I I ~285,450 NONFOREST LAND SURVEY TYPES I AND 2 72, 125 2,275 11,845 I 45,340 4,185 I 9,935 145,705 TOTALS FOR COUNTY 223,915 20,950 50,645 I 649,320 22,990 462,910 425 1,431,155 FOREST STATISTIE:S FOR FERRY COUNTY, WASHINGTON ~ROM INVENTORY PHASE 0~ ~OREST SURVEY TABLE 4. AREA OF FOREST LAND, BY SITE QUALITY DATA CORRECTED TO JANUARY 11 1936 AREA : PERCENTAGE 0~-- JCONirEROUS : TYPE SITE QUALITY CLAsa!l: ACRES si"OREST LANDI TOTAL . TOTAL : :CLASSIFIED : FOREST AREA OF : :AS TO SITE . LANoY COUNTY I QUALITY 10,700 0.9 o.8 0.7 I PONDEROSA PINE IV 528,015 44.0 40.9 36.9 AND PONDEROSA } PONDEROSA PINE V 143,555 : 12.0 11.4 10.1 PINE MIXTURE ('"VI 2,000 0.2 0.2 . 0.1 684,350 57.1 53.3 47.8 DOUGLAS FIR, Ill 3,010 0.3 0.2 0.2 CEDAR, AND IV 305,495 25.4 21.5 DOUGLAS FIR ~-7 UPPER-SLOPE v : 205,450 : 17.2 16.0 14.3 MIXTURE 513 955 : 42.9 39.9 36.0 TOTAL 1,198,305 100.0 93.2 83.8 LODGEPOLE pINEY 8,805 : 0.7 0.6 NONCOMMERCIAL ROCKY AREAS 71,475 : 5.6 5.0 SUBALPINE1f 5,480 : 0.4 0.4 HARDWOOD I' 385 o.1 0.1 TOTAL 87,145 6.8 6.1 GRAND TOTAL I,285,450 100.0 89.9 !(THE •siTE QUALITY" 0~ A ~OREST AREA 16 ITS RELATIVE PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY, DETERMINED BY CLIMATIC, SOIL, TOPOGRAPHIC, AND OTHER FACTORS. THE INDEX 0~ SITE QUALITY IS THE AVER AGE HEIGHT OF THE DOMINANT STAND AT THE AGE OF 100 YEARS. SIX SITE QUALITY CLASSES ARE RECOGNIZED FOR PONDEROSA PINE AND FIVE ~OR DOUGLAS FIR 1 CLASS I BEING IN EACH CASE THE HIGHEST. IN THE SURVEY THE PONDEROSA PINE AND DOUGLAS FIR CLASSIFICATIONS, RESPECTIVELY, WERE USED NOT ONLY FOR TYPES OF WHICH THESE SPECIES ARE CHARACTERISTIC COMPONENTS BUT FOR OTHER TYPES FOR WHICH NO SITE QUALITY CLASSIFICATIONS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED. S( THE COUNTY HAS A TOTAL AREA OF 1,431,155 ACRES, OF WHICH 11 285,450 ACRES (89.9 PERCENT) IS FOREST LAND AND 145,705 ACRES (10.1 PERCENT) IS NONFOREST LAND. ~EXCLUSIVE OF 78,830 ACRES OF LODGEPOLE PINE TYPE AREA WHICH WAS ASSIGNED PONDEROSA PINE OR DOUGLAS FIR SITE QUALITIES. 1( INCLUDES 35 ACRES OF DEFORESTED BURNe FOREST STATISTICS FOR FERRY COUNTY. WASHINGTON FROM INVENTORY PHASE OF FOREST SURVEY FIGURE: 2. DISTRIBUTION OF SAW-TIMBER VOLUME: BY SPECIES AND OWNERSHIP CLASS (FROM TABLE: I) INDIAN NATIONAL fOREST PRIVATE ALL OTHER OWNER SHIFtS VOLUME IN BILLIONS OF BOARD FEET, LOG SCALE. SCRIBNER RULE • PONDEROSA PINE ~ DOUGLAS FIR ~ ALL OTHER SPECIES FIGURE: 3 . C1o'INERSHIP OF FOREST LAND (FF¥>M TABLE 2) 3&.800 ACRta 1&.805 UMI15 ACRES ACRES INDIAN PRIVATE •COUNTY PUBLIC• OO~AIN •,TAT£ FIGURE: 4 . DISTRIBUTION OF FOREST LAND BY GENERALIZED TYPES, ALL OWNERSHIP CLASSES (FROM TABLE: 3) 814,190 ACRE$ 29,845 ACRES 1,385 II ACRES• ·NON NONRESTOCKED HAIIID COMMERCIAL CUTOYERS WOOD AND BURNS