89601X VXA Vector Technical Overview with Measurement Application Self-Guided Demonstration

Option AYA Vector Analysis

Product Overview

Optimize without compromise Testing when no commercial test Every new product introduction creates tension between sched- standard is available ule and quality — but you refuse to compromise either one. The Testing proprietary and custom signals is a challenge. Turnkey ability to quickly defi ne the tests you need and minimize their test software for those signals is seldom available off-the-shelf, execution time can help ease the tension. The Agilent VXA so you have to design and implement the tests yourself. Option measurement application helps you verify product designs and AYA will help you with that task. It covers the various demands ensure product quality through a deep, fl exible set of tools that of “do it yourself” testing for single carrier, single modulation puts comprehensive vector signal analysis in the test rack. Op- signals with a deep set of fl exible modulation analysis tools that erating within an Agilent X-Series signal analyzer (MXA/EXA), you can tweak to tune the measurement to meet your needs. In the VXA measurement application lets you tweak and tune its addition, these tools are SCPI programmable. standard measurements for today’s complex signals. Verify de- signs, ensure product quality, and optimize without compromise A powerful measurement combination — with VXA measurement application in the X-Series. The depth and fl exibility of the VXA measurement application teamed with an Agilent X-Series signal analyzer (MXA/EXA) The VXA vector signal analyzer measurement application puts unmatched measurement power at you fi ngertips. The combines the advanced measurement algorithms from Agilent’s X-Series signal analyzers provide the speed that your measure- industry-leading 89600 Series VSA software with SCPI program- ment tasks demand and provide you with the ability to choose ming and the familiar X-Series signal analyzer front-panel user from different price versus performance points. interface. The result: measurements you can trust to thoroughly test your design and familiar tools to quickly automate the tests Agilent’s N9020A MXA signal analyzers offer the best mid- range performance with 26.5 GHz frequency you choose. range, powerful swept-tuned spectrum analysis, one-button RF power measurements, a great feature set, and the fastest mea- The VXA measurement application with Option AYA provides: surement speed on the market. Agilent’s N9010A EXA signal • Customize modulation analysis formats including: analyzer is the industry’s fastest economy-class signal analyzer PSK, QAM, MSK, EDGE, FSK, VSB, DVBQAM, APSK offering similar features and functionality to the MXA at a lower • A complete set of modulation quality measurements price point. Add the tremendous insight that the VXA application including overall EVM, peak EVM, EVM vs. symbol time, offers, and you get unprecedented comprehensive vector signal EVM spectrum, time, spectrum, , analysis, allowing you to optimize without compromise. vector diagram, IQ parameters, frequency and clock error, and channel/impulse response with EQ fi lter • Convenient measurement presets to cover popular communication formats such as CDMA, GSM/EDGE, Bluetooth™, ZigBee™, TETRA, APCO25

Figure 1. MXA signal analyzer with VXA vector signal analyzer measurement application

2 Key Features

Key features of vector modulation Symbol rate analysis Rate = Frequency span / (1+α); maximum symbol rate limited only by the measurement span Standard presets (for single carrier) Advanced analysis setup Cellular CDMA (Base, Mobile), CDPD, EDGE, Burst search GSM, NADC, PDC, PHS (PHP), W-CDMA Pulse search Wireless Bluetooth, HIPERLAN/1 (HBR, LBR), networking WLAN (802.11b), Sync search (with user-selected synchronization word) ZigBee (802.15.4, 868/915/2450 MHz) Adjustable search length and offset timing Digital video DTV (8, 16), DVB (16, 32, 64, 128, 256), DVB (16APSK, 32APSK) Measurements/displays Other APCO 25, DECT, TETRA, VDL Mode 3 Eye diagram Trellis diagram Modulation formats Polar diagram FSK: 2, 4, 8, 16 level (including GFSK) Constellation and Vector (shows trajectory between symbol times) diagram MSK (including GMSK) I and Q versus time BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, DQPSK, D8PSK, π/4DQPSK, 8PSK, 3π/8 8PSK (EDGE), π/8 D8PSK Error vector magnitude QAM (absolute encoding): 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024 EVM versus symbol time QAM (differential encoding per DVB standard): 16, 32, 64, EVM versus frequency 128, 256 Magnitude and phase error APSK: 16, 16 w/DVB, 32, 32 w/DVB Frequency error (carrier offset frequency) VSB: 8, 16 IQ origin offset Quadrature error Filters Gain imbalance Filter types: Raised cosine, square-root raised cosine, IS-95 Amplitude droop (PSK and MSK formats) compatible, Gaussian, EDGE, low pass, rectangular, SNR (8/16VSB and QAM formats) half-sine, none Symbols table (demodulated bits) Alpha/BT: Continuously adjustable from 0.05 to 10 Error table with tabular EVM and IQ errors User-defi ned fi lters Equalizer channel frequency response Adaptive equalizer: Decision directed, LMS, feed-forward, equalization with adjustable convergence rate; removes the Equalizer imipulse response effects of linear distortion (i.e. non-fl at frequency response, multipath, etc.) from modulation quality measurements

3 Demonstration Preparation

Getting started This product overview will guide you through a typical usage scenario for an Agilent X-Series signal analyzer with the VXA signal analyzer measurement application Option AYA. Follow the keystrokes described in “Instructions.” All demonstrations uti- lize the X-Series analyzers with VXA 89601X-205, 333, and AYA. Keystrokes surrounded by [ ] indicate front-panel keys, while softkeys, located on the right edge of the display, are indicated in bold type.

Confi guration of the VXA application in the X-Series analyzer is Figure 2. The N9010A EXA analyzer with VXA vector signal analyzer measurement application. simple. Connect the RF output of the signal generator to the RF input of the X-Series signal analyzer. Recommended settings for the signal generator are:

Center Frequency = 1 GHz Level = –10 dBm Symbol rate = 1 MHz Modulation Type = QPSK Filter = Root Nyquist Filter alpha = 0.35

Set the analyzer center frequency (CF) to 1 GHz after entering the keystrokes [Mode] > Vector Signal Analyzer (VXA), and then [Mode Preset]. If you set your signal source output fre- quency with a different value, set the analyzer accordingly.

It is always a good idea to use the monitor spectrum measure- ment to make sure your analyzer is set to the right frequency. If you encounter any issues during setup, use [Mode Preset] or [Meas Setup] > More 1 of 2 > Meas Preset.

4 Demonstration

Quick demonstration: QPSK modulation The following steps are useful when analyzing digitally modulated signals: analysis measurements • Look at the IQ constellation or vector diagram for obvious You can adjust the following parameters when making digital over/undershoot. modulation measurements with VXA measurement application Option AYA: • Examine the Symbols/Error table and note the rms EVM — does the EVM appear low? • Modulation format (QAM, PSK, MSK, FSK, DVBQAM, VSB, APSK) • Look at the Symbols/Error for quadrature and IQ imbalance errors. • Symbol rate • Look at magnitude and phase error components by looking • Measurement interval (10 to 4096) at the IQ Error Phase versus time. Incidental modulation • Points/Symbol (1 to 20) will show up as a discernible waveform. Phase noise will • Gain imbalance/quad skew coupling On/Off appear random. • Measurement fi lter (No fi lter, RRC, Gaussian, EDGE, • Examine the EVM time trace. Where are the errors? At CDMA (IS-95 Base EQ), rectangular, low pass, user defi ned) symbol times, or in between symbols? Where on the burst? • Reference fi lter (Raised cosine, RRC, Gaussian, EDGE, • Examine the EVM spectrum, which shows the spectrum CDMA (IS-95 Base), rectangular, half sine, user defi ned) of the error signal. In most digital systems, non-uniform • Alpha/BT (0.05 to 100) noise distribution or discrete signal peaks indicate the presence of externally coupled interference. Use markers to • Burst/Sync Search determine the frequency of these peaks, as they often are easily tracked to other signals within the design by the frequency. Analyze the simple QPSK signal in a digital measurement. Instructions Keystrokes Go to VXA mode on X-Series analyzer. [Mode] > Vector Signal Analyzer (VXA) Move to digital modulation analysis. [Meas] > Digital Demod Change the demod setups. (See Figure 3.) [Meas Setup] Demod Setup > Modulation Format = QPSK Symbol Rate = 1 MHz Alpha/BT = 0.35

Figure 3. QPSK modulation analysis in default quad view: Trace 1 (upper left), IQ constellation; Trace 2 (lower left), spectrum; Trace 3 (upper right), error vector magnitude versus time (symbol) trace; Trace 4 (lower right), Symbols/Error table

5 Specifi cations

Vector modulation analysis (Option AYA) These specifi cations summarize the performance for the N9020A MXA signal analyzer and the N9010A EXA signal analyzer with 89601X-205, 333, and AYA installed. Unless stated otherwise, these specifi cations are typical values, not warranted. Please refer to the X-Series signal analyzer data sheet and specifi cation guide for spectrum analysis performance.

(Note: Please refer to the VXA technical overview, 5989-7463EN, for more information about Option 205, Basic VSA-Lite.)

N9020A MXA1 N9010A EXA Accuracy (Formats other than FSK, 8/16VSB, 16/32APSK, and OQPSK) Residual errors Result = 150 symbols Result = 150 symbols Average = 10 Average = 10 Residual EVM Span EVM EVM ≤100 kHz <0.50% rms <0.50% rms ≤1 MHz <0.50% rms <0.50% rms ≤10 MHz <1.00% rms <1.00% rms Magnitude error Span Error ≤100 kHz <0.30% rms <0.30% rms ≤1 MHz <0.50% rms <0.50% rms ≤10 MHz <1.00% rms <1.00% rms Phase error Span Error ≤100 kHz 0.3° rms 0.3° rms ≤1 MHz 0.4° rms 0.4° rms ≤10 MHz 0.6° rms 0.6° rms Frequency error Symbol rate/500,000 Symbol rate/500,000 IQ origin offset –60 dB or better –60 dB or better Accuracy (Video modulation formats) Residual EVM ≤1.5% (SNR ≥36 dB) ≤1.5% (SNR ≥36 dB) 8/16 VSB Residual EVM ≤1.0% (SNR ≥40 dB) ≤1.0% (SNR ≥40 dB) 16, 32, 64, 128, 256,512, or 1024 QAM

1. Option AYA does not support Option BBA BBIQ inputs. 6 Ordering Information

VXA measurement application Try before you buy! Your Agilent VXA measurement application must include Option 205 Basic VSA-Lite and Option 333 X-Series connectivity at your FREE 14 day trials of X-Series measurement applications initial order. You may order this to be installed when you order available providing unrestricted use of each application’s an X-Series analyzer, or you may order it separately to install features and functionality. yourself. Redeem a trial license today for your existing X-Series • First, order the 89601X vector signal analyzer measurement analyzer on-line at www.agilent.com/find/xseries_trial application for the X-Series analyzer. Note, this is a $0 item and is required for all orders. X-Series signal analyzer • Second, choose the license terms you would like: For further information, refer to the MXA Configuration Guide, 5989-4943EN and EXA Configuration Guide, 5989-6531EN. 89601XFP - Fixed, perpetual license: This allows you to run the application in the X-Series analyzer in which it is initially installed.

89601XTP - Transportable, perpetual license: This allows you to run the application in the X-Series analyzer in which it is initially installed, and it may be transferred from one X-Series analyzer to another (MXA/EXA).

• Finally, choose your options:

Option number Details Notes -205 Basic VSA-lite Required at initial order. Once installed, it is not required to order this option when adding options to your VXA signal analyzer in the future. -333 X-Series analyzer Required at initial order. Once installed, it is not required to order this option when connectivity adding options to your VXA signal analyzer in the future. -AYA Vector modulation Optional. May be ordered at initial purchase or added later. See the Option AYA Vector analysis Modulation Analysis Option Technical Overview and Demo Guide, literature number 5989-7464EN. -B7R WLAN modulation Optional. May be ordered at initial purchase or added later. See the Option B7R WLAN analysis Modulation Analysis Option Technical Overview and Demo Guide, literature number 5989-7465EN. Note, Option B25 is recommended for the X-Series analyzers.

Example 1. Initial order for a VXA with vector modulation analysis, fixed perpetual license. 89601X vector signal analyzer measurement application for the X-Series analyzer (required) 89601XFP-205 Basic VXA-lite (required) 89601XFP-333 X-Series analyzer connectivity (required) 89601XFP-AYA Vector modulation analysis Example 2. Upgrade order, to add WLAN modulation analysis to the above unit in example 1. 89601X vector signal analyzer measurement application for the X-Series analyzer (required) 89601XFP-B7R WLAN modulation analysis Example 3. Initial order for a basic VXA, with a transportable, perpetual license. 89601X vector signal analyzer measurement application for the X-Series analyzer (required) 89601XTP-205 Basic VXA-lite (required) 89601XTP-333 X-Series analyzer connectivity (required) Example 4. Upgrade order, to add Vector modulation analysis and WLAN modulation analysis to the unit in example 3. 89601X vector signal analyzer measurement application for the X-Series Analyzer (required) 89601XTP-AYA Vector modulation analysis 89601TTP-B7R WLAN modulation analysis For the latest information, go to www.agilent.com/find/VXA 7 Related Literature

Publication title Pub number Agilent MXA Signal Analyzers Agilent MXA Signal Analyzer Brochure 5989-5047EN Agilent MXA Signal Analyzer N9020A Data Sheet 5989-4942EN Agilent MXA Signal Analyzer N9020A Configuration Guide 5989-4943EN MXA Signal Analyzer Option BBA: Analog Baseband IQ Inputs Technical Overview 5989-6538EN Agilent EXA Signal Analyzers Agilent EXA Signal Analyzer Brochure 5989-6527EN Agilent EXA Signal Analyzer N9010A Data Sheet 5989-6529EN Agilent EXA Signal Analyzer N9010A Configuration Guide 5989-6531EN Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) Demonstration Guide 5989-6126EN X-Series Signal Analyzer Measurement Applications Overview 5989-8019EN EMI Precompliance Measurements Using the X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) 5990-3690EN N9063A Analog Demodulation Measurement Application Technical Overview 5989-6535EN N9069A Noise Figure Measurement Application Technical Overview 5989-6536EN N9068A Phase Noise Measurement Application Technical Overview 5989-5354EN N9051A Pulse Measurement Software Technical Overview 5990-3801EN N9073A-1FP W-CDMA Measurement Application N9073A-2FP HSDPA/HSUPA Measurement Application 5989-5352EN N9073A-XFP Single Acquisition Combined W-CDMA Measurement Application Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) Technical Overview N9075A 802.16 OFDMA Measurement Application 5989-5353EN Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) Technical Overview Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) GSM with EDGE Measurement Application 5989-6532EN (N9071A) Technical Overview Agilent X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) N9071A-3FP EDGE Evolution Measurement 5989-9837EN Application Flyer N9072A cdma2000 and N9076A 1xEV-DO Measurement Applications Technical Overview 5989-6533EN N9079A TD-SCDMA Measurement Application Technical Overview 5989-6534EN N9080A LTE Measurement Application Technical Overview 5989-6537EN Single Acquisition Combined WLAN Measurement Application Technical Overview 5990-3519EN Single Acquisition Combined Fixed WiMAX Measurement Application Technical Overview 5990-3520EN Breakthrough High-Speed Manufacturing Solutions for X-Series Signal Analyzers 5990-3521EN DVB-T/H Measurement Application Technical Overview TBD DTMB Measurement Application Technical Overview TBD N9061A Remote Language Compatibility (RLC) Application Technical Overview 5989-6539EN Speed Enhancement and Removable Hard Drive for the X-Series Signal Analyzers (MXA/EXA) 5989-6541EN Using the Agilent MXA Signal Analyzer for Measuring and Troubleshooting Digitally Modulated 5989-4944EN Signals Application Note 1585 X-Series Signal Analyzer (MXA/EXA) Preselector Tuning for Amplitude Accuracy in Microwave 5989-4946EN Spectrum Analysis Application Note 1586 Maximizing Measurement Speed with Agilent’s X-Series Signal Analyzers Application Note 1583 5989-4947EN Making Precompliance Conducted and Radiated Emissions Measurements with Option EMC for 5990-3133EN the X-Series Signal Analyzers (EXA/MXA) Application Note Agilent VXA Vector Signal Analyzer Measurement Application 89601X VXA Vector Signal Analyzer Measurement Application Options 205 Basic VXA-Lite 5989-7463EN Option 333 X-Series Analyzer Connectivity Technical Overview 89601X VXA Vector Signal Analyzer Measurement Application Option AYA Vector Modulation 5989-7464EN Analysis Technical Overview 89601X VXA Vector Signal Analyzer Measurement Application Option B7R WLAN (802.11a/b/g) 5989-7465EN Modulation Analysis Technical Overview 8 www.agilent.com Remove all doubt Our repair and calibration services will get your equipment back to you, performing like new, when For more information on Agilent Technologies’ products, promised. 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Product specifications and descriptions in this document subject to change without notice. www.lxistandard.org LXI is the LAN-based successor to GPIB, providing faster, more efficient connectivity. Agilent is a founding member of the LXI © Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2008, 2009 consortium. Printed in USA, March 25, 2009 5989-7464EN Bluetooth and the Bluetooth logos are trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc.,U.S.A.and licensed to Agilent Technologies, Inc. ZigBee is a trademark of The ZigBee Alliance.