UDP Hole Punching in Tomp2p for NAT Traversal
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Distributed Deep Learning in Open Collaborations
Distributed Deep Learning In Open Collaborations Michael Diskin∗y~ Alexey Bukhtiyarov∗| Max Ryabinin∗y~ Lucile Saulnierz Quentin Lhoestz Anton Sinitsiny~ Dmitry Popovy~ Dmitry Pyrkin~ Maxim Kashirin~ Alexander Borzunovy~ Albert Villanova del Moralz Denis Mazur| Ilia Kobelevy| Yacine Jernitez Thomas Wolfz Gennady Pekhimenko♦♠ y Yandex, Russia z Hugging Face, USA ~ HSE University, Russia | Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Russia } University of Toronto, Canada ♠ Vector Institute, Canada Abstract Modern deep learning applications require increasingly more compute to train state-of-the-art models. To address this demand, large corporations and institutions use dedicated High-Performance Computing clusters, whose construction and maintenance are both environmentally costly and well beyond the budget of most organizations. As a result, some research directions become the exclusive domain of a few large industrial and even fewer academic actors. To alleviate this disparity, smaller groups may pool their computational resources and run collaborative experiments that benefit all participants. This paradigm, known as grid- or volunteer computing, has seen successful applications in numerous scientific areas. However, using this approach for machine learning is difficult due to high latency, asymmetric bandwidth, and several challenges unique to volunteer computing. In this work, we carefully analyze these constraints and propose a novel algorithmic framework designed specifically for collaborative training. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach for SwAV and ALBERT pretraining in realistic conditions and achieve performance comparable to traditional setups at a fraction of the cost. arXiv:2106.10207v1 [cs.LG] 18 Jun 2021 Finally, we provide a detailed report of successful collaborative language model pretraining with 40 participants. 1 Introduction The deep learning community is becoming increasingly more reliant on transfer learning. -
DOCUMENT RESUME Basic Programming II
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 280 432 IR 012 568 TITLE Basic Programming II: Course Guide; Revised Edition; INSTITUTION Hawaii State Dept; of Education; Honolulu; Office of Instructional Services; REPORT NO RS-86-9863 PUB DATE Jun 86 NOTE 205p; PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) Computer Programs (101) Reports Descriptive (14I) EDRS PRICE MFOI/PC09 Plus Postage; DESCRIPTORS Business Education; Classification; Computer Graphics; *Computer Literacy; Computer Science Education; Course Descriptions; *Course Objectives; Ethics; *Learning Activities; Mathematics Instruction; *Microcomputers; *Programing; Programing Languages;_Resource Materials; Secondary Education; State Curriculum Guides; *Teaching Methods IDENTIFIERS *BASIC Programing Language ABSTRACT This guide is designed to provide teachers with guidelines and suggested activities for teaching a one-semester advanced programming course7-BASIC Programming II--for the ninth through twelfth gradesAlthough primarily oriented toward _ mathematics_the guide does offer sample applications in_business that also_address the needs of students with_a variety of_academic_ backgrounds._Intended to serve as a framework of goals and activities upon which the teacher can organizei_build, and expand his or her course, the_guide provides a course description, course requirements, a course outline, a syllabus, course management considerations, sample_activities and programs, and suggested resources. The activities include teaching strategies for introducing_concepts, developing specific skills, -
Build Hand Strength with the Hole Punch
f e a t u r e Build hand strength with the hole punch lthough the hole punch is pencil to write, and using a com- other shape. Acommonly used in office puter keyboard. Multiple hole punch. Office work and craft projects, it can also workers use a hole punch that provide learning activities for 4- types of hole makes two, three, or four holes in and 5-year-olds. punches a single punch. This type of hole Hole punch activities can Single hole punch. This hand- punch enables workers to collect strengthen the muscles of the held tool has many applications, sheets of paper in a binder. The forearm, hand, and fingers as well such as making a hole in a price device can be adjusted to create as increase eye-hand coordina- tag, creating confetti, and punch- desired space between the holes. tion. These small-muscle and ing a ticket for admission to an coordination skills are needed for event. Typically, the hole is a cir- Learning to use a important tasks, such as feeding cle, but in some hole punches, the hole punch and dressing oneself, holding a hole is a star, heart, half moon, or Learning to use a hole punch is similar to learning to use scissors. oto Children must be able to use Ph G thumb, pointer finger, and middle finger separately from the other n Grei mo i two fingers of the hand. The hand s and finger muscles must also be ns: strong enough to grip the hole commo punch handle. e V i T Unlike scissors, a hole punch rea C requires only minimal safety pre- cautions, such as keeping fingers out of the punching end. -
Developing P2P Protocols Across NAT Girish Venkatachalam
Developing P2P Protocols across NAT Girish Venkatachalam Abstract Hole punching is a possible solution to solving the NAT problem for P2P protocols. Network address translators (NATs) are something every software engineer has heard of, not to mention networking professionals. NAT has become as ubiquitous as the Cisco router in networking terms. Fundamentally, a NAT device allows multiple machines to communicate with the Internet using a single globally unique IP address, effectively solving the scarce IPv4 address space problem. Though not a long-term solution, as originally envisaged in 1994, for better or worse, NAT technology is here to stay, even when IPv6 addresses become common. This is partly because IPv6 has to coexist with IPv4, and one of the ways to achieve that is by using NAT technology. This article is not so much a description of how a NAT works. There already is an excellent article on this subject by Geoff Huston (see the on-line Resources). It is quite comprehensive, though plenty of other resources are available on the Internet as well. This article discusses a possible solution to solving the NAT problem for P2P protocols. What Is Wrong with NAT? NAT breaks the Internet more than it makes it. I may sound harsh here, but ask any peer-to-peer application developer, especially the VoIP folks, and they will tell you why. For instance, you never can do Web hosting behind a NAT device. At least, not without sufficient tweaking. Not only that, you cannot run any service such as FTP or rsync or any public service through a NAT device. -
Punching Tools
TruServices Punching Tools Order easily – with the correct specifica- tions for the right tool. Have you thought of everything? Machine type Machine number Tool type Dimensions or drawings in a conventional CAD format (e.g. DXF) Sheet thickness Material Quantity Desired delivery date Important ordering specifications ! Please observe the "Important ordering specifications" on each product page as well. Order your punching tools securely and conveniently 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in our E-Shop at: www.trumpf.com/mytrumpf Alternatively, practical inquiry and order forms are available to you in the chapter "Order forms". TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH + Co. KG International Sales Punching Tools Hermann-Dreher-Strasse 20 70839 Gerlingen Germany E-mail: [email protected] Homepage: www.trumpf.com Content Order easily – with the correct specifica- General information tions for the right tool. TRUMPF System All-round Service Industry 4.0 MyTRUMPF 4 Have you thought of everything? Machine type Punching Machine number Classic System MultiTool Tool type Cluster tools MultiUse Dimensions or drawings in a conventional CAD format (e.g. DXF) 12 Sheet thickness Material Cutting Quantity Slitting tool Film slitting tool Desired delivery date MultiShear 44 Important ordering specifications ! Please observe the "Important ordering specifications" on each product page as well. Forming Countersink tool Thread forming tool Extrusion tool Cup tool 58 Marking Order your punching tools securely and conveniently 24 hours a day, 7 days a week in our E-Shop at: Center punch tool Marking tool Engraving tool Embossing tool www.trumpf.com/mytrumpf 100 Alternatively, practical inquiry and order forms are available to you in the chapter "Order forms". -
Tpf-Tools - a Multi-Instance Jacktrip Clone
Proceedings of the 17th Linux Audio Conference (LAC-19), CCRMA, Stanford University, USA, March 23–26, 2019 TPF-TOOLS - A MULTI-INSTANCE JACKTRIP CLONE Roman Haefeli Johannes Schütt Patrick Müller ICST (Institute For Computer Music And ICST (Institute For Computer Music And ICST (Institute For Computer Music And Sound Technology) Sound Technology) Sound Technology) Zurich University of the Arts, Switzerland Zurich University of the Arts, Switzerland Zurich University of the Arts, Switzerland [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT 1.2. The complexity of many nodes Tpf-tools are used to establish bi-directional, low-latency, multichan- Another complexity we have encountered is the planning and set up nel audio transmission between two or more geographically distant of JackTrip connections when, not two, but three or (for a test situa- locations. The tool set consists of a server part (the tpf-server) and tion) four venues are participating in an event. Two endpoints require a client part (the tpf-client) and is heavily inspired by the JackTrip one link. Three endpoints require three links, while four endpoints utility. It is based on the same protocol. It facilitates the handling require six links. The number of links grows quickly with the num- of many concurrent audio transmissions in setups with more than ber of endpoints. Events with more than two nodes require meticu- two endpoints. Also, it eliminates the requirement of one endpoint lous and careful planning. having a public IP address or port forwarding configuration. 1.3. Our motivation 1. INTRODUCTION We are looking for ways to streamline our processes and improve our tools in order to be able to shift our focus away from technical The JackTrip[1] utility has proven to be a very useful and versatile to more artistic aspects. -
CP/M-80 Kaypro
$3.00 June-July 1985 . No. 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS C'ing Into Turbo Pascal ....................................... 4 Soldering: The First Steps. .. 36 Eight Inch Drives On The Kaypro .............................. 38 Kaypro BIOS Patch. .. 40 Alternative Power Supply For The Kaypro . .. 42 48 Lines On A BBI ........ .. 44 Adding An 8" SSSD Drive To A Morrow MD-2 ................... 50 Review: The Ztime-I .......................................... 55 BDOS Vectors (Mucking Around Inside CP1M) ................. 62 The Pascal Runoff 77 Regular Features The S-100 Bus 9 Technical Tips ........... 70 In The Public Domain... .. 13 Culture Corner. .. 76 C'ing Clearly ............ 16 The Xerox 820 Column ... 19 The Slicer Column ........ 24 Future Tense The KayproColumn ..... 33 Tidbits. .. .. 79 Pascal Procedures ........ 57 68000 Vrs. 80X86 .. ... 83 FORTH words 61 MSX In The USA . .. 84 On Your Own ........... 68 The Last Page ............ 88 NEW LOWER PRICES! NOW IN "UNKIT"* FORM TOO! "BIG BOARD II" 4 MHz Z80·A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH "SASI" HARD·DISK INTERFACE $795 ASSEMBLED & TESTED $545 "UNKIT"* $245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS Jim Ferguson, the designer of the "Big Board" distributed by Digital SIZE: 8.75" X 15.5" Research Computers, has produced a stunning new computer that POWER: +5V @ 3A, +-12V @ 0.1A Cal-Tex Computers has been shipping for a year. Called "Big Board II", it has the following features: • "SASI" Interface for Winchester Disks Our "Big Board II" implements the Host portion of the "Shugart Associates Systems • 4 MHz Z80-A CPU and Peripheral Chips Interface." Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a floppy-disk The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz. -
July 2019 Purchasing Cards
Eagle County School District Master Transaction Consolidation Transaction Search - Company UMB Bank, Statement Period 07/02/2019 to 08/01/2019 Mapped Cards Tran Date Account Company Unit Supplier Narrative Details Amount USD 7/2/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-1429 BATTLE MOUNTAIN HIGH SCHL Iza Design Inc. shirts 992.25 7/12/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-1429 BATTLE MOUNTAIN HIGH SCHL Homewood Suites disputed charge 468.72 7/3/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-9472 BATTLE MOUNTAIN HIGH SCHL Spot hoevel 19.99 7/10/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-6716 BATTLE MOUNTAIN HIGH SCHL Audible Us*mh4682190 supply 7.82 7/16/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5064 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Bubba Gump Denver Purchase Bubba Gump Denver 9 7/17/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5064 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Tamayo Restaurant Purchase Tamayo Restaurant 183.42 7/18/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5064 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Stout St Social Purchase Stout St Social 98.14 7/19/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5064 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Territory Kitchen And Bar Purchase Territory Kitchen And Bar 49.08 7/19/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5064 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Hyatt Regency Denver Cc Purchase Hyatt Regency Denver Cc 156 7/18/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5056 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Einstein Bros Bagels2380 Purchase Einstein Bros Bagels2380 26.92 7/19/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-5056 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Hyatt Regency Denver Cc Purchase Hyatt Regency Denver Cc 78 7/9/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-6278 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Westin (Westin Hotels) Purchase Westin (Westin Hotels) 50 7/1/2019 XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-9712 BERRY CREEK MIDDLE SCHOOL Wm Supercenter #1199 Purchase Wm Supercenter -
KYOCERA KX DRIVER 6.X USER GUIDE
KYOCERA KX DRIVER 6.x USER GUIDE Version 6.x Generic Legal Notes Unauthorized reproduction of all or part of this guide is prohibited. The information in this guide is subject to change without notice. We cannot be held liable for any problems arising from the use of this product, regardless of the information herein. Regarding Trademarks Microsoft®, Windows®, Windows 8®, Windows 7®, Windows Vista®, Windows XP®, Windows Server®, Word®, and Powerpoint® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. KPDL is a trademark of Kyocera Corporation. PCL® is a trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company. TrueType® and Mac OS® are registered trademark of Apple Inc. Adobe®, Acrobat®, Adobe Reader®, Photoshop® and PostScript® are trademarks of Adobe Systems, Incorporated. UNIX® is a trademark in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company Limited. All other brand and product names herein are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies. Examples of the operations given in this guide support the Windows 7 printing environment. Essentially the same operations are used for Microsoft Windows 8, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008, and Windows Server 2012 environments. This user guide and its contents were developed for the 6.0 driver. © 2013 KYOCERA Document Solutions Table of Contents Chapter 1 Installation Preparing to Install the Driver ....................................................................................................... -
Traversing NAT: a Problem
Dakota State University Beadle Scholar Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations Spring 3-2021 Traversing NAT: A Problem Tyler Flaagan Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.dsu.edu/theses Part of the Information Security Commons, OS and Networks Commons, and the Systems Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Flaagan, Tyler, "Traversing NAT: A Problem" (2021). Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations. 365. https://scholar.dsu.edu/theses/365 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Beadle Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses & Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Beadle Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Traversing NAT: A Problem A dissertation submitted to Dakota State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Cyber Operations March 2021 By Tyler Flaagan Dissertation Committee: Dr. Kyle L. Cronin Dr. Michael J. Ham Dr. Mark L. Hawkes DocuSign Envelope ID: 8BDB3DA0-604E-4AB7-9BFE-F25909CF4FC0 DISSERTATION APPROVAL FORM This dissertation is approved as a credible and independent investigation by a candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree and is acceptable for meeting the dissertation requirements for this degree. Acceptance of this dissertation does not imply that the conclusions reached by the candidate are necessarily the conclusions of the major department or university. Student Name: Tyler Flaagan Dissertation Title: Traversing NAT: A Problem -
Technology Stack for Decentralized Mobile Services
Technology Stack for Decentralized Mobile Services Matouš Skála Technology Stack for Decentralized Mobile Services by Matouš Skála to obtain the degree of Master of Science at the Delft University of Technology, to be defended publicly on Monday August 31, 2020 at 3:00 PM. Student number: 4893964 Project duration: November 15, 2019 – August 31, 2020 Thesis committee: Dr.ir. J.A. Pouwelse, TU Delft, supervisor Dr. J.S. Rellermeyer, TU Delft Dr. N. Yorke-Smith, TU Delft An electronic version of this thesis is available at http://repository.tudelft.nl/. Preface When I was choosing my thesis topic, I originally came up with an idea of designing a decen- tralized social network. After realizing how ambitious that goal was, I later decided to focus on more fundamental issues first and create a library that would allow for building any de- centralized applications, running purely on an overlay network consisting of smartphones. Rather than reinventing the wheel, I took inspiration from an existing networking library de- veloped at TU Delft over the last decade and created its wire-compatible implementation in Kotlin. Interestingly, in the end, I have even implemented a trivial social network to demon- strate the usage of the library, returning back to the original idea. I would like to thank my supervisor Johan Pouwelse for an endless stream of fresh ideas and valuable feedback, and to PhD students of the Delft Blockchain Lab for numerous coffee meetings and for serving me as a walking documentation of the existing codebase. Matouš Skála Prague, -
Technical Report Sce-12-04 Nat Traversal in Peer-To
TECHNICAL REPORT SCE-12-04 DEPARTMENT OF SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING CARLETON UNIVERSITY NAT TRAVERSAL IN PEER -TO -PEER ARCHITECTURE Marc-André Poulin¹, Lucas Rioux Maldague¹, Alexandre Daigle¹, François Gagnon² 1 Cégep de Sainte-Foy, Canada [email protected] , [email protected] , [email protected] 2 Carleton University, Canada [email protected] Abstract. Peer-to-peer networks are well known for file sharing between multiple computers. They establish virtual tunnels between computers to transfer data, but NATs makes it harder. A NAT, Network Address Translation , is a process which transforms private IP addresses, such as 192.168.2.1, into public addresses, such as 203.0.113.40. The idea is that multiple private addresses can hide behind a single public address and thus virtually enlarge the number of allocable public IP addresses. When an application in the local network establishes a connection to Internet, the packet passes through the NAT which adjusts the IP header and maps an external port to the computer which sent the request. When packets are received from the Internet by the NAT, they are forwarded to the internal host which is mapped to the port on which the packet was received, or dropped if no mapping exists. In this paper, we will introduce you to NAT and P2P, we will discuss the numerous ways NATs use to translate private IP addresses into public ones, we will discuss known techniques used to fix the problem and we will also present how popular peer-to-peer programs bypass NATs. This paper is written so anybody with a reasonable knowledge of networking would grasp the essentials.