DLG Test Report 6283F

CNH Industrial Belgium N.V. New Holland FR 650 Fuel consumption and throughput in corn

Test Center Technology and Farm Inputs www.DLG-Test.de Overview

The FokusTest is a smaller-scale The DLG Various settings (e.g. a range of DLG usability test intended to allow FokusTest “Fuel chop lengths) were applied and product differentiation and special consumption and tested under field conditions in highlighting of innovations in ma- throughput in order to investigate the potential of chinery and technical products corn” involved a field test of self- a new machine or new machine used primarily in agriculture, fore- propelled forage harvesters in corn feature. stry, horticulture, fruit cultivation or grass, with harvesting conditions As grass often does not require and viticulture, as well as in lands- being kept as homo­geneous as the full engine power of forage cape and municipal management. possible. harvesters, agricultural machinery This test focuses on testing a This DLG test mainly examined manufacturers have developed new product’s individual qualitative cri- machine efficiency (fuel consump- engine management systems specif- teria, e.g. fatigue strength, perfor- tion in l/t). However, chopping ically designed for use in various mance, or quality of work. The quality was also taken into account, harvesting con­ditions. scope of testing can include criteria and throughput was expected to This machine feature has now also from the testing framework of a be at a sufficiently high level to be been incorporated into the scope of DLG SignumTest, the DLG’s extensi- relevant for practical use. The the DLG FokusTest. ve usability test for technical pro- present test focused primarily on ducts, and concludes with the pub- a comparison of various engine Other criteria were not tested. lishing of a test report and the awar- generations or new engine manage- ding of a test mark. ment systems respectively.

Assessment – Brief Summary

New Holland’s new FR 650 forage harvester exemplifies that the ­introduction of the new FPT Tier 4 Final-compliant engines and other details has improved overall machine efficiency substantially compared to predecessor models. The DLG test “Fuel consumption and throughput in corn” collected sufficient measurement data to confirm an increase in both productivity and machine effi- Fig. 2: Front view of the new FR forage harvester series ciency. (Photo courtesy of New Holland) Overall, higher throughput of + 5 % and lower fuel consumption FR 700 with a Tier 3 engine. The throughput and reduction in fuel of -21 % were achieved as a result comparison to the FR 650 and consumption by 19 % each. under the given harvesting condi- FR 600 with a Tier 3 engine, Table 1 provides an overview tions and with a theoretical chop with the same theoretical chop of measurement data for the FR 650 length of 8 mm, compared to the length, showed an increase in at various chop length settings.

Table 1: Overview of partial results of the FR 650 field test on “Fuel consumption and throughput in corn” Fresh material (FM) Dry matter (DM) Field values Theoretical Throughput Fuel Throughput Fuel Throughput Fuel chop length consumption consumption consumption (mm) [t/h] [l/t] [t/h] [l/t] [ha/h] [l/ha] 4 178.8 0.66 58.0 2.04 2.8 42.5 8 227.3 0.50 77.2 1.47 3.8 29.7 12 237.9 0.47 82.1 1.37 3.9 28.6 19 248.3 0.45 84.7 1.32 4.1 27.0 25 245.4 0.46 80.9 1.39 4.0 27.9

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 2 of 8 The Product

Manufacturer and applicant therefore recommended to operate machine’s various functionalities the harvester within the range (Fig. 3). Manufacturer: between 1700 and 1850 rpm to CNH Industrial Belgium N.V. achieve maximum productivity at The harvester’s current performance Product: low fuel consumption. status is displayed on the monitor New Holland FR 650 forage The new engine management (see left half of Fig. 3 with the harvester system provides operators with three diagram indicating the engine char- management modes, which can be acteristics). The blue circle (the Applicant: selected to match various harvesting so-called cursor) moves across the CNH Industrial Belgium N.V. conditions. characteristics map shown in the Leon Claeysstraat 3a diagram in line with the engine’s The engine speed is automatically 8210 Zedelgem load condition. The machine’s effi- reduced to 1700 rpm at headlands, Belgium ciency is therefore always displayed independent on what mode is to operators to assist them in oper- Contact: selected. ating the harvester within its www.newholland.com/eu/de-de As soon as the harvester is moved optimum range. Ideally, the back into the crop the engine speed machine will always remain within Description and technical data increase to prevent blockages. the green range. Operators can The forage harvester New Holland The large, clearly designed Intel- keep the cursor at around the FR 650 Tier 4f used in the DLG test li­View IV colour monitor (26,5 cm) 1700 rpm mark by increasing or was equipped with a 10-row corn gives a clear overview of the reducing their speed of travel. header (7.5 m working width). In this machine, the chopping unit, Engine crop processor and discharge output blower are driven directly via the Engine torque curve power band. The new cabin is specifically designed for the needs of forage harvesters. It offers good Engine panoramic visibility, sufficient space speed and lower in-cabin noise levels (Fig. 2). Components and the oper- PowerCruise2 engine speed adjustment Efficient Acceptable Inefficient ating concept were adapted in line with the combine harvester series Fig. 3: ECO Mode engine management system, PowerCruise2 – to create a unified feel for the entire extension on the IntelliView IV monitor (Image courtesy of New Holland) New Holland range of harvesting machines. Table 2: Engine management modes of the engine management system The forage harvester is driven by a Tier 4 final-compliant FPT Cursor ECO Mode – Low engine speed range (1850 to 1700 rpm), DEFAULT MODE: 16 six-cylinder engine (Forage – Max engine speed is limited to 1850 rpm; Cruiser model) with 16 l capacity – Engine speed is automatically reduced to predefined rpm set point when harvesting in and 480 kW (653 HP) power at partial load conditions; 1700 to 1900 rpm according to – Engine speed rpm set point value is configurable by operator within 1850 to 1700rpm; ECE R 120. Exhaust after-treatment is – Engine speed drops below 1700 rpm only if the engine load increases; handled by the well-established SCR ECO Mode – High engine speed range (2100 to 1950 rpm): (Selec­ted Catalytic Reduction) system with AdBlue, which does not – Max engine speed is 2100 rpm; require EGR (exhaust gas recircula- – Engine speed is automatically reduced to the fixed rpm set point of 1950 rpm when tion) or a DPF (diesel particulate harvesting in partial load conditions; filter) to comply with high emission – Engine speed drops below 1950 rpm only if the engine load increases; limits. The new engines have been – This mode is not recommended, but may be required in some crop conditions* specifically optimised for the ECO Mode Off (2100rpm), ECO MODE IS DEACTIVATED: requirements of forage harvesting – Max engine speed is 2100 rpm; and now provide consistent maxi- – Engine speed is NOT automatically reduced when harvesting in partial load conditions; mum engine power in the speed – Engine speed drops below 2100 rpm only if the engine load increases; range between 1700 and 1900 rpm. According to the manufacturer, the – This mode is not recommended, but may be required in some crop conditions* engine torque increases sharply * crop conditions where high functional component speed is required between 1700 and 1900 rpm. It is (ex.: field opening in dry corn, low yield grass, grass or hay with high sugar content)

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 3 of 8 The Method

The DLG FokusTest “Fuel con- allow the harvested crop to be sumption and throughput in corn” weighed directly on the field. The puts a forage harvester to the test harvest size could then be immedi- in a field trial with at least two ately analysed using the forage corn varieties.Alternatively, severals harvester’s machine data. The forage harvesters of any agricultural monitors provided on the trailer machinery manufacturer can be sides (about 75 x 45 cm in size) compared. display harvest sizes directly and thus indicate how evenly the yield This test was aimed at verifying the is distributed between the various Fig. 4: potential offered by the new Tier 4f test drives (Fig. 4). New Holland T7 270 and Fliegl engines in terms of reducing fuel ASW 271 silage trailer combination consumption while improving The FR 650 and FR 600 were with calibrated weighing system machine efficiency. The test was compared using five different chop and trailer-side display conducted with an FR 600 and FR length settings to ensure that a wide 700 (both Tier 3) in comparison range of commonly used lengths with the new FR 650 (Tier 4f). Test were covered. These settings drives without evaluation were included the chop lengths of 4 mm, completed during the pre-testing 8 mm and 12 mm on the one hand, phase. These served to define chop which are commonly used in length in consultation with the farm Germany and Europe, and 19 mm manager; this length was subse- and 25 mm chop lengths on the quently set in all three forage har- other, which cover conditions on vesters. The basic settings selected the North American market. The FR for the forage harvesters for the 700 was only tested in the short Fig. 5: actual test were made in keeping chop length range (4 mm to 12 mm) New Holland FR 600 in field use with local harvesting conditions. and compared with the other two forage harvesters. All test drives were performed each were then prepared using a successively with all three The tests were conducted using two large and small sample divider and machines, with each harvester load different corn varieties to cover a transferred into suitable containers. being considered one test drive. The broad range of potential applica- The fresh matter start weight was speed range was selected to ensure tions. At least three trailer loads determined directly when filling the that the forage harvesters were were harvested per chop length containers. The containers were operated within their optimum setting and test variety and then sealed, labelled and placed working range at average engine compared between the three into intermediate refrigerated speeds between 1700 and 1850 harvester models. Representative storage. Three subsamples from rpm, depending on harvesting composite samples were also each trailer load were used to conditions and set chop length. In prepared from an adequate number determine dry matter. Field condi- this way, the objective of keeping of samples taken randomly once tions (corn variety, plant height, engine loads within the optimum the various trailer loads had been number of ears per plant, row range of the characteristics map was discharged at the silo (Fig. 6 to 9). spacing, maturity indices) were achieved. The Fliegl forage trailer The resulting composite sample additionally documented during the provided by the DLG was equipped was subsequently homogenised. test, and the technical quality of with a calibrated weighing unit to Three representative subsamples chopped forage was monitored.

Fig. 6 to 9: Silo-side taking and processing of samples

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 4 of 8 The Test Results in Detail

large test fields cultivated with two different varieties of corn were available at the test site (see Table 4).

The test site near Oschersleben in eastern Saxony-Anhalt contained homogeneous corn crops of both varieties, and harvesting conditions were comparable throughout the duration of the field test (Fig. 10). While there were inhomogeneous sections, these were not included in the evaluation.

Comparison of test results: FR 650 vs. FR 600 vs. FR 700

Fig. 10: Table 5 gives an overview of the Harvesting conditions on a test site in Saxony-Anhalt test results. The table provides the measurement data for processing In this DLG FokusTest, the new processor was pre-set to 2.0 mm. times only, excluding times taken New Holland FR 650 (Tier 4 final) The new engine management sys- for turning, for the entire duration was compared with its two prede- tem was deactivated, as the FR 600 of each test. cessor models, the FR 600 and FR and FR 700 models do not have this The FR 650 Tier 4f features an 700 (both Tier 3) in a field trial. feature. These settings remained SCR catalytic converter with Table 3 contains an overview of the unchanged throughout all test AdBlue, in contrast to the FR 600 various harvesters’ engine power drives. and FR 700 Tier 3. Due to its new ratings. engine configuration, the FR 650 Harvesting conditions The machine was equipped with a Tier 4f achieves greater torque and 2 x 16 knife cutterhead and a crop The field test was conducted on a more even engine characteristics processor with 99/126 teeth and a field in Saxony-Anhalt during the compared to the FR 600 and 30 % speed differential. The crop 2014 harvesting season. Adequately FR 700.

Table 3: Overview of engine outputs of the three forage harvesters, i.e. FR 650, FR 600 and FR 700 Engine Capacity Cylinders kW/HP Max. kW/HP @2100 rpm, ECR R120 @1800-2000 rpm, ECE R120 FR 650 FPT Cursor 16, Tier 4 final 15.9 l 6 440/598 480/653* FR 600 FPT Cursor TCD 13, Tier 3 12.9 l 6 405/553 441/600 FR 700 Caterpillar C18, Tier 3 18.1 l 6 470/639 504/685

* at 1700-1900 rpm, ECE R120

Table 4: Overview of corn varieties and harvesting conditions

Corn variety Variety description Crop Average yield Test site DM [%]* [t FM/ha]* Whole plant Scandi Silage and energy corn for Homogeneous, 63.1 Saxony-Anhalt 28.0 biogas, medium-early, 3.3-3.8 m plant height, [27.5 – 28.5] corn ripeness index approx. 320, number of ears 1-2, Caussade Saaten GmbH 75 cm row spacing Franki Silage and energy corn, Homogeneous, 62.1 Saxony-Anhalt 33.5 medium-early, 3.1-3.6 m plant height, [32.9 – 34.2] corn ripeness index approx. 280, number of ears 1-2, kernel maturity index approx. 260, 75 cm row spacing Caussade Saaten GmbH * Average from harvested trailer loads; determined by oven drying method

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 5 of 8 Table 5: Overview of test results across the full duration of the test Theoretical FR 650 FR 600 FR 700 FR 650 vs. FR 600 FR 650 vs. FR 700 chop length 4 mm Fuel consumption [l/t FM] 0.66 0.70 0.70 -6.1 % -6.1 % Throughput [t/h FM] 178.8 163.9 191.3 8,3 % -7.0 % Engine speed [rpm] 1860 1770 1798 – – 8 mm Fuel consumption [l/t FM] 0.50 0.59 0.60 -19.3 % -20.5 % Throughput [t/h FM] 227.3 184.2 216.3 19.0 % 4.8 % Engine speed [rpm] 1685 1727 1772 – – 12 mm Fuel consumption [l/t FM] 0.47 0.56 0.58 -19.1 % -23.4 % Throughput [t/h FM] 237.9 193.4 223.5 18.7 % 6.1 % Engine speed [rpm] 1670 1718 1714 – – 19 mm Fuel consumption [l/t FM] 0.45 0.51 – -13.3 % – Throughput [t/h FM] 248.3 212.1 – 14.6 % – Engine speed [rpm] 1650 1718 – – – 25 mm Fuel consumption [l/t FM] 0.46 0.49 – -6.5 % – Throughput [t/h FM] 245.4 216.3 – 11.9 % – Engine speed [rpm] 1662 1670 – – –

The savings potentials set out above relate to the raw test data; rounding differences may occur.

1.0 0.9 FR 650 (Tier 4 final) FR 600 (Tier 3) FR 700 (Tier 3) 0.8 ] FM

l/t 0.7 0.70 0.70 n [ 0.6 0.66 io 0.59 0.60 0.5 0.56 0.58 0.50 0.51 0.49 0.4 0.47 0.45 0.46

onsumpt 0.3 l c

e 0.2

Fu 0.1 0.0 4 mm 8 mm 12 mm 19 mm 25 mm Theoretical chop lengths Fig. 11: Comparison of fuel consumption values in l/t fresh material for the three forage harvesters FR 650 vs. FR 600 vs. FR 700 at various theoretical chop lengths

300 280 FR 650 (Tier 4 final) FR 600 (Tier 3) FR 700 (Tier 3) 260 240 248.3 220 237.9 245.4 227.3 ] FM 200 216.3 223.5 216.3

h 212.1

t/ 180 193.4 191.3 184.2

t [ 160 178.8 140 163.9 120 100 80

Throughpu 60 40 20 0 4 mm 8 mm 12 mm 19 mm 25 mm Theoretical chop lengths Fig. 12: Comparison of throughput in t fresh material/h across the theoretical chop lengths of the three forage harvesters FR 650 vs. FR 600 vs. FR 700

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 6 of 8 Table 5 shows that the new gene­ Fig. 11 shows a comparison of the length. The substantial difference ration of engine was able to achieve fuel consumption in l/t fresh mate- between the FR 650 and FR 600 fuel savings of up to 21 % in l/t rial for the three forage harvesters results to some extent from the fresh material compared to the across the various chop length higher engine power, but above all FR 700 and 19 % compared to the settings. In the short chop range from the new engine characteristics FR 600 with a chop length of 8 mm (4–8–12 mm), the FR 600 and FR and overall machine efficiency. in the above-mentioned test con­- 700 performed equally with 4 mm, These advantages were also clearly ditions. Throughput in t fresh while the FR 600 was only slightly evident in relation to the FR 700. material/h was increased by about superior with 8 and 12 mm lengths, The FR 650 average throughput of 5 % compared to the FR 700 and even though it has substantially less about 227 t fresh material/h with by about 19 % compared to the engine power. The new FR 650 8 mm chop length and a harvest FR 600. Refueling and calculated achieved fuel savings at a level rele- size of more than 150 t per machine AdBlue consumption values indi- vant for practical use across the full across all test drives confirm both cated that the ratio of diesel to chop length range, with the largest the representative nature of the AdBlue consumption can be savings being obtained with 8 and measurements and the overall assumed up to 8 %, which should 12 mm lengths. Fig. 12 shows that results. be taken into account correspond- the FR 650 additionally allowed ingly. Yet fuel consumption was greater throughput to be achieved significantly lower, even with the compared to the FR 700. However, higher throughput achieved, in the FR 700 achieved greater chopping mode alone. throughput with the 4 mm chop

Summary

With the new Tier 4 final-compliant Compared to the FR 600, the new ranges. The FR 650 additionally engine generation, New Holland FR 650 achieved an increase in stands out through its well-organ- has improved the efficiency of its throughput and a reduction in fuel ised operating console and good machine compared to the FR 600 consumption of 19 % each with accessibility of the crop processor. and FR 700 predecessor models 8 mm chop length. The Variflow system allows the machine to be easily converted featuring engines complying with AdBlue consumption was up to from corn to grass within a few the Tier 3 exhaust emission 8 % of diesel consumption. The minutes, without requiring tools. standard. According to the meas- overall machine design of the FR urements conducted by the DLG 650, with its improved machine Test Centre, the new engine efficiency, new engine management management system of the FR 650 system and new cabin, shows that Tier 4 final engine allows fuel New Holland is intending to get savings of 21 % (in l/t fresh material) off to a flying start with its new FR to be achieved at an engine speed harvester, following the success of 1685 rpm with 8 mm chop of its CR combine harvester series. length, compared to the FR 700 The comparison between these predecessor model with its Tier 3 three machines in practical use engine. At the same time, identified differences in the engine throughput was increased by about characteristics, namely a more even 5 % without increasing diesel engine output in the FR 650 Tier 4f consumption. at corresponding engine speed

DLG Test Report 6283F Page 7 of 8 Further Information

Additional tests of mobile dry Test execution Project manager matter sensors on forage harves­ DLG e.V., Dr. Ulrich Rubenschuh ters are available for download Test Center for in the “Forage harvester” section Technology and Farm Inputs, Test engineer(s) at www.dlg-test.de/ernte. Max-Eyth-Weg 1, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) The DLG Plant Production 64823 Groß-Umstadt, Johannes Speer* Technology Committee closely Germany examines harvesting technology as part of the DLG’s technical DLG Testing Framework work. Information sheets and other publications produced FokusTest by this volunteer technical “Fuel consumption and committee are available free of throughput in corn” charge from http://www.dlg.org/ technik_pflanzenproduktion. Field html in PDF format. Field applications * Reporting engineer

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DLG Test Report 6283F Page 8 of 8