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A Collaborative Geodesign Approach to Support Sustainable Land-Use Planning for the Border Town Comprehensive...

Poster · July 2017 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.17186.12488

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3 authors, including:

Manat Srivanit Wittaya Daungthima Thammasat University Maejo University

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Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

A study on urban planning concepts to create a body of knowledge for the reduction of urban heat island guideline in Chiang Mai urban area View project

The study of factors affecting for land use change View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Manat Srivanit on 14 July 2017.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Suppawad Kaewkhow1,*, Manat Srivanit2 and Wittaya Daungthima3 1,2 Faculty of Architecture and Planning, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12121, 3 Faculty of Architecture and Environmental Design, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand *Corresponding Author and E-mail address: [email protected]

1. INTRODUCTION (i) Ranking of the suitability score A Geodesign framework is emerging as an important evolution of earlier innovations in planning support systems (PSS) and public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS). These earlier approaches placed significant emphasis on the technology, analytical capabilities, and decision support, while highlighting the prospects for their use in public engagement processes (Geertman & Stillwell, 1993; Klosterman, 1997; Obermeyer, 1998). Building on this prospect, we have the potential of Geodesign to more fully integrate technology and decision-making processes, producing better projects and outcomes for the environment and communities.

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS (ii) Suitability map 2.1 Study Area The findings of this study come from the Lak Taeng Border Checkpoint Comprehensive Planning Project located in Piang Luang Subdistrict (), Wiang Haeng District which is a district in the northern part of , northern Thailand. The town lies near the Thai-Myanmar border with , Burma. This check point was officially announced to be the border trade since May, 1998. However, Chiang Mai Governor has ordered to restrain the migration and commercial activities at this point because of national security reasons since April, 2002. Presently, the import and the export cross-border trade at Shan State is disappear.

“Lak Tang check point Fig.4 (Left) Criteria of land-use suitability in the Wiang Haeng District and (Right) Ranking of the is an important strategic suitability score for affecting land-use decision-making in the planning process. area of Chiang Mai province and should be considered to develop and support as the Figs.5 Focus group permanent crossing meeting process point for using the participants potential border trade interacting with Geodesign zone. (Fig.1)” Technology. (Source: Fig.1 Location map of the study area. Author, 2017)

3. FINDINGS  According to the survey of opinions of people and organizations related to the Lak Tang border community development project in public meetings, most of attendants required urban plan which emphasizes economic development while simultaneously preserving watershed forest regarded as important natural resources of border checkpoint area.

Fig.2 (Left) Tai Yai/Shan social and cultural, and (Right) the large village of Piang Luang on housing settlement.

Thus, the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning (DPT) of Thailand to assign the institute of consulting research studies an impact of Lak Tang check point in term of border town comprehensive planning.

2.2 Methodology 1) Prospects for integrating Geodesign and collaboration for land-use planning: Geodesign can  In determining the role and vision for the project area, it involves “development which conveys easily be considered an outflow or evolution of earlier decision support and participatory Geographic community towards a border trade community and tourism preserving uniqueness of local Information System (GIS) applications. Moreover, Geodesign is characterized by social and process folk arts and culture and enhance community living surrounding plentiful watershed forest dimensions, as it incorporates scientific knowledge, integrates with human decision-making, and and sustaining their lives with holistic organic farming supported jointly with eco-cultural allows decision makers to enact the pattern-process-design relationship (Dangermond, 2010; tourism for additional earnings”. The master plan designates development goals within 20 years. Goodchild, 2010; Nassauer & Opdam, 2008). Integrating expert and “local knowledge” occurs as participants communicate their own perspectives and respond to those of others. Figs.6 Draft Project Plan of Lak Tang Border Checkpoint Multifunctionality determines 11 types of land use zones such as; o Low Density Residential Information Communication Zone o Middle Density Residential Zone Process o Business and Commercial Zone The Geodesign o and the other zones framework consists of (including government zone, three main modules: land public utility zone, information database, educational institution zone, planning/policy control religious zone, rural and mechanism, and model of (i) Final conceptual plan (ii) Comprehensive Land-Use Plan agricultural zone, etc.) Land-Use Suitability Analysis (LUSA). This framework was 4. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION conceptualized and The LUSA model of is the core of the framework. Land-use suitability maps for land use types can be developed based on the generated from this model. The model serves as a planning-support tool for land use planning reality of land use by quantitatively analyzing land-use suitability to assist planners in making land-use decisions planning in urban for land zoning/development and explicitly conveying the planning principles from the renewal. The whole perspective of planners to the public (nonprofessional stakeholders in planning) for improving process of the framework the effectiveness of public consultation. Land-use suitability maps can also be used as a medium (Source: Author, 2017) development (both with GIS visualization for enhancing the communication between planners and other stakeholders conceptual and practical) involved in the process of land use planning. Fig.3 A Framework for Geodesign process structure. is shown in Figure 3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 2) Collaborative Geodesign in practice: A Geodesign framework is systematically built using spatial multi-criterion evaluation (SMCE) and GIS to enable planners to easily understand the rationale and The authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to Department of Public Works and Town & to encourage them to follow this framework as a guideline for sustainable land use planning (Fig.4). Country Planning of Thailand for the funding support to the research project on which this poster is The approach and workflow of establishing geo-information data sets are described, and a more open based and. In addition, appreciation should also be given to the group members in our research team environment for user customization is provided through changing the criteria of land-use suitability by for their continuously constructive comments and suggestions on this research project. users. More importantly, the communication among planning practitioners and other stakeholders of local spatial planning is achieved by conducting interviews and focus group meetings at the beginning Author biography: Suppawad KAEWKHOW Manat SRIVANIT Wittaya DAUNGTHIMA and also during the whole process of this research (Figs. 5). (M.Sc. in Agriculture) His research (Ph.D. in City Planning) His research (Dr. Eng. in Architecture and Urban interested broadly in the field of interested broadly in the geography of System Design) His research interested sustainable land use planning in cities and the development of Remote in the field of urban conservation on International regional science meeting on Land Cover/Land Use agriculture and urban landscape Sensing and GIS theories and cultural heritage, urban flood risk and management. technologies with respect to the study emerging methodology for smart city in Change in South/Southeast Asia: 17-19th July, 2017, Chiang Mai, Thailand. of the urban environment. urban and regional planning.

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