IRIS 320 AN ESSENTIAL RECORDING FOR MAINTENANCE AN AMBITIOUS TECHNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE FIRST

CHALLENGE 320 MID-LIFE UPGRADE

IRIS 320 is a reference laboratory trainset with an exceptional After 20 years of service, including INSPECTIONS AT 320 KM/H ACCURATE AND CONCURRENT operating range implemented to monitor the high-speed 10 on high-speed lines, IRIS 320 was MEASUREMENTS rail network continiously. It is manned by SNCF engineers recently given a new lease of life and technicians who can use it to perform inspections courtesy of a mid-life upgrade that This dedicated recording train can carry out and measurements on both high-speed and conventional took 11 months to complete. inspections at high speeds, a technological Track, signalling, overhead line and networks without impacting on commercial-service traffic. While IRIS 320 was out of service, a feat in itself, and can be runned during telecommunications parameters can all be commercial-service TGV, codenamed daytime between commercial service measured concurrently. Combined with All these measurements are processed in real time, “IRIS by TGV”, was equipped with high-speed , thereby providing free sophisticated positioning data, the result is a allowing maintenance teams to flag up urgent remedial monitoring systems to record all the access slots to the track during night to detailed and highly accurate overview of the maintenance procedure without delay possible for the signalling and track data needed by be allocated to works and maintenance state of the network. maintenance teams to flag up urgent remedial maintenance the maintainers to ensure safety and operations at night for allocation to works data without delay. The collected data are also analysed to regularity on high-speed lines. and maintenance operations. develop preventive maintenance process. This replacement trainset will now With this arrangement, IRIS 320 can IRIS 320 is a running laboratory with the potential for further serve as back-up in the event of monitor more than 120,000 km of track development. Using it, SNCF Réseau can optimise its unscheduled downtime of the newly per year. maintenance operations and costs, while enhancing safety, revamped IRIS 320. boosting punctuality and improving passenger comfort. Creating a high tech train of this kind was a major Accurate and reliable technological challenge masterly managed by the SNCF measurements teams. 320 km/h

2 IRIS 320 AN ESSENTIAL RECORDING TRAIN FOR MAINTENANCE 3 KEY FIGURES BOOSTING MAINTENANCE SNCF RÉSEAU FOR THE BENEFIT MEASURING EFFICIENCY OF PASSENGERS SYSTEMS

FASTER FEEDBACK CONSTANT DEVELOPMENT SCOPE AND VARIETY 75 sensors in action Real time data is obviously vital to rapid Since SNCF’s own in-house engineers man IRIS 320 is equipped with a multiple sensors, cameras 2 roof-mounted monitoring domes action in the event of emergencies. and operate IRIS 320, they are in the best 15 000 and lasers for ongoing network status analysis: 13 antennas (4G-GPS-GSM-R) position to manage the various measuring accelerometers, inertial measurement units, high-speed 17 measuring systems Maintenance operators have full access to 52 000 4 trains per day systems, propose and introduce upgrades. imaging and line-scan cameras, effort sensors and all data within 48 hours, a crucial advantage collaborators technical specialities (700 TGV high-speed Research is currently in hand to develop surface pressure sensors, electric arc detecting system: to enhance regular and preventive trains per day) measuring systems to supplement those the high-speed network is under close and constant maintenance operations. already in use. supervision.

DATA ACCURACY

The position of all sensors along the trainset is precisely known, so that data recorded in real time can be precisely Measurements spatial resolution located to within less than five metres. This information of 10 to 15cm is then further refined by the Test & Measurement Redundancy of the localization systems 4 30 000 Department of the Engineering & Projects Division during to ensure a spatial accuracy equal to 5m HSL infrastructure km of line 5 million the batch processing operations carried out before maintenance (2,100 km of HSL) passengers per day transmission to the Infrastructure Centres. operating Centres 4 IRIS 320 AN ESSENTIAL RECORDING TRAIN FOR MAINTENANCE 5 SENSORS, DETECTORS AND MEASUREMENTS COMPLETE RANGE OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

IRIS 320 is fitted with 15 different types of sensor for measuring the track, signalling, catenary, IT and TRACK IT SYSTEM positioning system data under supervision. ROOF DOME ELECTRIC ARC SIGNALLING POSITIONING SYSTEM ICC AND RT SIGNAL CAMERA & DETECTORS Much of this cutting-edge equipment has been specially developed for IRIS 320 and its deployment is under SENSORS (1) CATENARY VIDEO REPEATER CAB the responsibility of the Engineering & Projects Division. SENSOR (CRO)

(4) KVB IVV GEOV2 ABE SENSORS ANTENNA(5) SENSORS (2) BEAM (3) & ENCODER

M R R2 R3 R R R R R M2 RA MEASUREME SIGALLIG IDE I PSIIIG SSEM ISIR REEPI LUGE DIIG AREA EAM LIIG AREA EAM LIIG AREA AD AALSIS MEASUREME AD AALSIS > >

ZT(6) SENSOR TELECOM (6) (6) PANEL ZT ZT RECEIVER ANTENNA TRANSMITTER LOOP LOOP

1. Short-circuit current intensity sensor (Signalling) M R R2 R3 R R R R R M2 2. Vehicle Track Interaction (Track) RA MEASUREME SIGALLIG IDE I PSIIIG SSEM ISIR REEPI LUGE DIIG AREA EAM LIIG AREA EAM LIIG AREA AD AALSIS MEASUREME AD AALSIS 3. Track geometry (Track) IVOIRE MAGNELEC 4. Axle-box accelerometers (Track) BEAM (7) BEAM (8) 5. Operating conditions of beacons used for speed control (Signalling) 6. System for monitoring the operating conditions of the electric capacitor (Signalling) 7. IVOIRE: rail running surface defect detector (Track) 8. Beacons used to fix regularly positioning data at 10 km intervals (Positioning)

6 IRIS 320 UN TRAIN D’EXCEPTION POUR LE MAINTENEUR 7 TRACK SENSORS SIGNALLING SENSORS CATENARY & VIDEO TELECOMMUNICATIONS CAMERA AND GSM-R SENSORS

GEOV2 beam is used to precisely measurement track geometry (vertical and lateral) under realistic load There are six measuring systems dedicated to the safety (transmitted by the rooling stock). The different parameters equipment monitoring and its main components. Roof dome video camera (track level and alignment, twist, gauge, cant) are processed • Track circuit electrical compliance (ICC). Antennes in accordance with SNCF standards (short and long wave • Intermittent signalling and information system compliance on The “ROMES” and “GSM-R Exploitation” bases) to deliver real-time or batch processed Mauzin and conventional lines (beacons for speed control speed control [KVB] GEOV (Operation) test systems is used to measure rail European standard (EN13848-2) measurement data for and repeater signals [CRO] and on high-speed lines [EPI loops]). ranges D1, D2 and D3. These measurements are correlated system telecommunications coverage and quality • Traction return current circuit compliance (RT) and electric with axle box accelerometers adta, that could give a relevant for both railway telecom and private operator ABE IVV capacitor operating conditions (ZT loop). assessment of vertical track geometry. These axle box networks. SIGNAL accelerations can also be used to detect areas presenting a ROOF DOME ROMES is used specifically for digital networks REPEATER high density of rail surface defects. CAMERA & SENSOR such as GSM-R, operator GSM, EDGE, UMTS (3G) CAB Vehicle-track interaction indicators (vertical and lateral Green sensor (ICC and RT measurements) KVB (CRO) and LTE (4G). Real-time data analysis is carried out using animated cartographies. vibrations transmitted to the train from the interaction > The train is equipped with a video camera for filming the force generated at the contact surface between wheel and contact between pantograph and catenary and sending The system has a sampling rate of 7.5 cm at 320 the images recorded to the Infrastructure maintenance ELECTRIC ARC rail) is measured by means of accelerometers mounted on ZT RECEIVER km/h for coverage measurements and can also operating Centres with the relevant positionning. This DETECTORS the body of the train (on the floor) and the bogies at three ABE IVV LOOP pinpoint sources of interference. ROMES is fully TELECOM different points along the trainset. SENSORS SENSOR provides the Centres with more sophisticated overhead compliant with the transmission requirements of ANTENNA

> contact line status data and enables potential weaknesses the European interoperable signalling system, All track system data is analysed in real time so that any to be better kept under control. defects requiring urgent attention can be immediately ERTMS. ZT The electric arc measuring system identifies and analyses reported to the maintenance operating teams. GEOV2 IVOIRE “GSM-R Exploitation” is partly automated and TRANSMITTER BEAM BEAM ICC AND RT the arcs generated by pantograph-overhead line contact. used to test the various functionalities available LOOP SENSORS By processing the light spectrum of the measured images, Arc detectors with the GSM-R network. it is possible to distinguish between different types of arc and thereby identify those which can be a priori attributed 8 IRIS 320 AN ESSENTIAL RECORDING TRAIN FOR MAINTENANCE to defects on the contact wire. 9 POSITIONING SENSORS MANAGEMENT AND USE OF DATA Position data is provided via two ENCODER separate channels: The positioning system’s redundant architecture comprises: • The network database in the • 2 sources for calculating the train’s position in real form of Line-Track-Km marker THE IT SYSTEM DATA PROCESSING time, coordinates: changes in track • 3 automatic position resetting systems, are automatically activated from the route data in the system The IT system designed and developed Immediate Post processing The data processing software used on the train and for IT system • 4 axles fitted with incremental encoders to measure previously indicated by the by the Test & Measurement Department The operators on the train can receive, batch processing operations has been developed in house the running distance of the train. operator. of the Engineering & Projects Division analyse and immediately transmit urgent by the Engineering & Projects Division, it offers a number centralises all the data obtained from the data indicating some critical zones that of advantages: • The GPS database which measurements performed on board of could require speed restrictions. • full control of real-time and batch processing operations, The positioning system plays a vital role in indicating the automatically establishes IRIS 320. Measurements are transmitted 48-hour delivery • best possible response to maintainers’ needs, precise location of each measurement. The system in position data by cross- to the IT system via optical fibre network All other data are transmitted within use on IRIS 320 offers unique standards of performance, referencing the Line-Track-Km to ensure greater reliability and avoid • software adaptability to new processing requirements or whatever the measuring system. 48 hours after being processed and marker coordinates: No need electromagnetic interference. Some one new developments, approved. This process enables any On IRIS 320 the train’s movement is measured on four of for manual initialisation with this hundred different measured parameters, • complete compatibility between in-field and train defects detected to be confirmed its axles by means of encoders, which produce signals system, which locates the train’s representing a total of 5 to 6 gigabytes per equipment, a prerequisite for efficiency, and their position more accurately that, when processed, send a “beep” signal to all the position via the GPS antenna day, are collected together by the system. MAGNELEC determined. This information is • ability to add and adapt user tools for real-time measuring systems it each millimetre covered and fitted on the vehicle roof. The next objective within this scope is to then suitably formatted to give the acquisition and post-processing, transmit common distance increments. transmit data in real time, the aim is to maintenance operating teams a highly • simulation system capacity. ENCODER MAGNELEC transmit data in real time via a 4G network reliable input. BEAM to speed up the process of analysing and exploiting the various measurements.

10 IRIS 320 AN ESSENTIAL RECORDING TRAIN FOR MAINTENANCE 11