Jarrow® QUICKReference Guide FORMULAS healthy living through science & education Milk ( mar ianum)

Protects Liver Function*

Milk thistle provides compounds that boost the body’s antioxidant system. It is particularly beneficial for maintenance and repair of the liver, the main detoxifying organ of the body.*

PRODUCT CATEGORY Liver Support/Detox, Antioxidants

Supplement Facts Who Can Benefit from this Product? Serving Size 1 Capsule Milk thistle is recommended for people concerned about liver Amount Per % Daily health. It protects against toxins (e.g., alcohol, second-hand Capsule Value smoke, air pollution, pesticides, heavy metals, recreational drugs, Milk Thistle Seed 30:1 Extract 150 mg * and various prescription medications). It is an important addition () 80% total flavonoids to detoxification regimens and an excellent tonic for anyone under * Daily Value not established. stress. Its ability to increase bile flow makes it effective as a mild laxative and important in managing cholesterol.* Other Ingredients Cellulose, magnesium stearate (vegetable source) and silicon dioxide. Capsule consists of gelatin. No wheat, no gluten, no soybeans, no dairy, no egg, What Distinguishes this Product? no fish/shellfish, no peanuts/tree nuts. Suggested Usage • A highly concentrated, effective extract of milk thistle Take 1 capsule per day, or as directed by your qualified health care consultant. • Shown to be beneficial in human clinical trials* Warning Few side effects have been reported, though the extract How Does Each Active Ingredient Function sometimes causes stomach irritation. A mild laxative effect has been reported as well, but this is often a desired effect. The herb is considered safe for, and in this Product? has long been used by, pregnant women, though it is advisable to consult a qualified health practitioner before using it. No known drug interactions with milk thistle A mixture of three active milk thistle extract have been documented. Silymarin components that possess antioxidant Note (Silybum mar ianum) activity and boosts antioxidant defense If you have a medical condition, are pregnant, lactating, systems in the body.* or trying to conceive, are under the age of 18, or are taking medications, consult your health care practitioner before using this product. indena science is our nature®

ORDER CODE: SILY BOTTLE SIZE: 100 CAPSULES ORDERING INFORMATION ORDER CODE: SIL200 BOTTLE SIZE: 200 CAPSULES

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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Milk Thistle Silymarin is active against all of these assaults upon liver cell integrity and function. It therefore has direct and indirect antioxidant benefits An Ancient Herb by elevating the body’s own defenses. Research has shown that milk The Greek herbalist Dioscorides catalogued milk thistle in his list of thistle extracts also significantly enhance immune function and cellular healing for liver ailments, improving bile flow and stimulating immune biomarkers.* digestion.* The Roman author Pliny was of a similar opinion. Indeed, milk thistle (Silybum marianum) extracts have been used as Supporting Liver Regeneration, Bile Solubility traditional herbal remedies for almost 2000 years and milk thistle is The liver is capable of extensive self-regeneration, but silymarin can now extensively cultivated as a healing herb. This is especially true even markedly increase this ability to replace damaged cells.* There in Germany, where milk thistle is quite popular. Despite its distinctive is also some suggestion that silymarin stimulates protein synthesis in prickly and milky sap, milk thistle is sometimes confused with the liver.* Nevertheless, silymarin does not encourage malignant liver a different known as blessed or holy thistle ( benedictus). cell growth.* Growing evidence suggests that silymarin has protective properties to the kidneys that mirror those in the liver.* Today, milk thistle extracts are among the most popular and the best researched of all herbal remedies. Yet, this herb had largely become Classically, milk thistle is associated with improved digestion and forgotten by the mid-20th Century. It was barely mentioned in the bile production. These are important functions of the liver and their United States Dispensatory of 1947, and the most common folk use impairment can lead to disease. Clinical trials have supported this outside of Central Europe was to improve lactation. traditional employment of the herb. The extract can increase bile solubility and possibly reduce the probability of stone formation.* Modern research has focused on bile disorders and liver dysfunction. German scientists have produced an extract called silymarin, which Bioavailability has a variety of liver-protectant properties.* The active principles Silymarin exhibits poor solubility in water. Delivery in the form of teas normally constitute only 1-4% of the total plant, so it is necessary provides less than 10% of total activity. Older studies demonstrating to concentrate the extract extensively to provide benefits. Jarrow silymarin as a bile flow-inducer used alcoholic tinctures rather than Formulas® Milk Thistle provides just such a potent concentrate. the water-based preparations commonly sold today. Special Antioxidant Benefits Only 20-50% of silymarin is assimilated from the gastrointestinal Silymarin refers to three active flavonoid components of milk thistle: tract at any given time. Thus, an effective milk thistle supplement primarily silybin with smaller amounts of silydianin and silychristin. needs to be highly concentrated, like Jarrow Formulas Milk Thistle This trio neutralizes toxins and helps regenerate damaged livers to to provide a physiologically significant amount. According to the improve liver function.* Its action rests primarily upon the ability to German monograph covering milk thistle, 12-15 grams of the crude inhibit production and activity of hepatotoxic (liver toxic) compounds.* herbal extract provides 200-400 mg silymarin. This is equivalent to the More recent evidence indicates that it benefits the health of several amount delivered by only 3 capsules of Jarrow Formulas Milk Thistle. other organs as well.*

• Supplies a Standardized 30:1 Extract Yielding 80% Silymarin The liver is the primary organ for detoxification. Many toxins are either • Boosts Immune Response in Clinical Trials* free radicals, or encourage free radical production and may interfere • Demonstrates Liver-Protecting Benefits in Human Studies* with the liver’s defenses against free radicals. As a potent antioxidant, • Possesses Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Activity* silymarin intervenes in free radical generation and protects against • Improves Glutathione Levels, the Body’s Major Antioxidant* many reactive oxygen species.* In some measurement systems, • Stimulates Liver Protein Synthesis and Liver Cell Regeneration* silymarin is ten times more effective than vitamin E in preventing

unwanted oxidation. The extract also increases the liver’s content of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione (GSH) by ~35%, and increases the References levels of the body’s major antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase Available upon request (SOD).* Silymarin also inhibits the actions of lipoxygenase in the liver.* Lipoxygenase acts upon polyunsaturated fatty acids to produce pro- inflammatory compounds called leukotrienes, which cause damage to liver cell membranes.

*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

For more information visit www.jarrow.com