Ask Afrika COVID-19 Omnibus National Treasury Forum

The Ask Afrika COVID-19 Tracker

Unpacking the significant social change brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic National Treasury Week 15 results, Level 3 - advanced (8 – 14 July 2020)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 11 COVID-19 topics that have been surveyed

Core weekly topics Rotation Topics week 15

• COVID19 understanding, fear & • UIF lockdown behaviours • Awareness of funding/ aid and corruption • Communities’ Response to the outbreak • Emotional Distress • Stigma related to COVID-19 • Food Security/ Hunger • Vaccines • Financial Distress • Impact on Healthcare • Media behaviour around COVID-19 news • Government & Business reputation • Sit-down Restaurants • Trust in leadership • Business owners

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 22 Tracking the significant social change effected by this pandemic

PATHWAYS The goal of • CATI & online forecasting is not to • 400 interviews weekly • Core fractals measured predict the future. But to tell you what you need to know to take PASSAGEWAYS meaningful action in • Videographic journals of the present. 10 individual respondents - PAUL SAFFO

• Across psychographics & provinces

©Ask Afrika 2020 Contact Mariette Croukamp, [email protected] or 082 853 8919 © ask afrika 2020 33 Independent Research for Decisionmakers

This research is conducted pro Bono, with the objective of giving equal Voice to Citizens during decision-making at government, business and NGO forums - whilst not being sponsored by any of them. • The sample is proportionally distributed according to the South African demographic profile. • The research provides a platform for South Africans to voice their experiences during this time. We aim to provide insights to move people from fear to agency.

The COVID-19 omnibus provides reliable facts at your fingertips for smarter decision making.

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 44 Independently conducted research and strong methodological rigour

The main aim of the research is to Research design Sampling understand the Quantitative research design n=7104 interviews were conducted from the 10 minute questionnaire 1st of April to July. socio-economic Administered in English The quota structure aligns with the impact that the proportions of the general population Coronavirus, Independently conducted research lockdown and Research methodology gradual re- Computer Aided Telephonic Online interviews opening of the Interviews (CATI) economy has on n=2767 n=4337 South Africans.

Total interviews conducted to date: n=7104

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 55 Respondent profile

Age groups Provinces Population groups 9% 16-18 4% Black 75% 6% 19-24 22% 5% 34% 25-34 33% White 11% 5% 2% 19% 35-49 27% Coloured 9% 50-54 6% 7% 55 -64 5% 12% Indian/ Asian 3% 65 + 3%

Working 50% Salary / wage 50% Free standing house 49% Townhouse/ cluster 12% Don’t work e.g. student, Social grant 17% Flat/apartment 11% Unemployedhousewife, or other 25% Matchbox/ RDP house 8% No income 17% Semi-detached house 6% Not working 15% Informal settlement 5% Savings/investments 11% Room, backyard, caravan 4% Small holding 3% Self employed 9% Other/ don’t know 5% Traditional hut 1% Hostel/ compound 1%

Single mention n=7104

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 66 Ask Afrika Covid-19 Tracker through the levels of lockdown

Level 3 post- Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Level 3 advanced advanced

26 March – 30 April 1 May – 31 May 1 June – 21 June 22 June – 12 July 13 July - TBC

36 days 31 days 21 days 21 days Ongoing

Moderate virus spread, with High virus spread. And /or low Moderate to high virus spread, Moderate virus spread, with moderate readiness Increased infection rate health system readiness with moderate readiness moderate readiness (gradual level reduction) Restaurants, fast food outlets, Some activity beyond essential Take-away restaurants, clothing coffee shops, casinos, lodges, Hard lockdown with most services allowed to resume, retail, e-commerce, books & B&B, timeshare facilities, resorts restrictive rules to contain the subject to extreme education product sale, etc. and quest houses open. spread of the virus to save precautions required to limit allowed. Conference and meeting lives.. community transmission and venues allowed. outbreaks. Liquor sales permitted within Ban on liquor and tobacco Only essential services restricted hours. No tobacco Liquor sales permitted within sales. permitted to work. Restrictive movement with sales. restricted hours. No tobacco curfew hours (6am – 7pm). sales. Restrictive movement with Only allowed to leave place of Exercise within 5km of Free movement without curfew. Free movement without curfew. curfew hours (5am – 8pm). residence for buying essential residence allowed between goods or medical emergency. 6am – 9am) No inter-provincial movement, Inter-provincial movement for except for exceptional work and school, as well as No inter-provincial movement No inter-provincial movement circumstances other exceptional circumstances Ask Afrika Covid-19 tracker Ask Afrika Covid-19 tracker Ask Afrika Covid-19 tracker Ask Afrika Covid-19 tracker Ask Afrika Covid-19 tracker Week 16 Week 1 – Week 5 Week 6 – Week 9 Week 10 – Week 12 Week 13 – Week 15 (to follow next week)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 77 Executive summary

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 88 A strong belief in Ubuntu is evident in not only a national context, but a continental context, as respondents strongly believe that the entire African continent should unite in the fight against the virus

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 99 Executive Summary: Healthcare and Vaccines

An increase in COVID-19 testing has been evident throughout the lockdown period.

Awareness levels around possible vaccines are high, however, concerns around the accessibility of it is also high.

54% are aware of the South African Ox1Cov-19 Vaccine VIDA-Trial that aims to find a vaccine to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2. Respondents feel strongly that South Africa should develop their own vaccine, as concerns are high that the USA will buy all the experimental COVID-19 vaccine stock available internationally and that it will not reach South Africa this year.

South African healthcare workers are placed in high regard by South Africans. Citizens feel our doctors and nurses have the necessary skills to deal with the pandemic, however, concerns for the health and safety of these workers are high.

High concerns around shortage in necessary equipment to preserve life. Although there is concern that SA is running out of Covid-19 test kits, there is more concern around the possibility of the country running out of ventilators once the peak is reached.

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1010 Executive Summary: Perceived risks of contracting the virus

As South Africa moves past the 300 000 positive cases and 4 500 death mark, the fear of contracting the virus continues to increase and is at its highest since the start of lockdown (27% fear level). Respondents perceive the highest areas of risk to contract the disease is sending their children to day care facilities or back to school. Making use of public transport is also a major concern, as well as attending weddings and funerals. Respondents might consider visiting close friends and family, as they see this activity as only holding moderate to low risk in contracting the virus. Buying take-aways has the lowest risk association amongst the measured activities.

As level 5 regulations are relaxed, respondents believe they will be prone to engage in Moderate to High risk activities (as specified by the TMA COVID-19 Task Force and the TMA Committee on Infectious Diseases). In seeking some normalcy, receiving personal care services such as hairdressing and beauty treatments are the highest on the list of possible activities to engage in, closely followed by going to restaurants, fast food outlets and coffee shops

One in three will consider to go to a restaurant, even with so many guidelines in place. They do however perceive that social distancing of a waiter (1m) and wearing a mask on restaurant premises (except when eating and drinking) will mostly impact their dining experience. They seem less phased by no tablecloths on the tables and not having access to a self-service buffet.

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1111 Distress

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1212 COVID-19: Week 4 – 15 AskThe Afrika total Covidnumber-19 of Distress positive Index: cases increased by 82 437 in a one-week period. Gauteng’s cases increased by more than 30 000 since the previous week, yet the distress index remained consistent.

Maximum Distress Overall Distress 3 458 33 Index 31 (week 4-15) (Includes financial and emotional distress, and food 10 784 36 insecurity) 4 576 33

107 070 726

37 40

35 30 30 30 5 973 35 30 1 579 15 30 587 313

25 Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level 3

53 959 726 1% decline from week 14 Positive COVID-19 80 199 2 429 Cases

Deaths Minimum Distress Source for positive cases and recoveries: Sacoronavirus.co.za – 14 July

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1313 COVID-19: Week 4 – 15 Financial distress is high in North West and Mpumalanga and is increasing in Limpopo. The Eastern Cape continues to show high levels of hunger.

60% Maximum Distress Emotional Distress: 43% Respondents either 55% Afraid or Depressed 47% 50% 44% 43% 45% 41% 40% Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level 3

Hunger

33% People went to 50% 41% bed hungry or without 40% food for a day 32% 31% 31% 30%

20% Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level 3

Financial Distress: 17% No income or uncertain of source of income 24% 15% 18% 16% Minimum Distress 10% Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level 3

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1414 COVID-19: Week 4 – 15 The City of Johannesburg and Nelson Mandela Bay shows the highest level of distress amongst the 8 main metros.

The Eastern Cape has one Metropolitan Municipality View of the highest Distress Maximum Distress Index scores, largely due to above average hunger COJ 34 | 48% | 38% | 16% levels, similar to the Free City of Tshwane 30 | 43% | 31% | 17% Ekurhuleni 29 | 42% | 30% | 15% State. Only 5% of people in Nelson Mandela Bay received food parcels Mangaung 26 from government. 35% | 35% | 10% COJ has high levels of emotional and hunger distress City of Cape Town 25 eThekwini 30 | 34% | 27% | 14% 44% | 30% | 16%

Emotional distress

Hunger Buffalo City 28 | 38% | 32% | 14% Minimum Distress Financial distress Nelson Mandela Bay 32 | 42% | 34% | 21%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1515 Fears of contracting the virus are increasing week on COVID-19: Level 5 – 3 advanced week as positive COVID-19 cases rise in the country.

26%

19% 21% 18% 19% 19% 17% 18% 15% 14%14% 17% 17% 15% 14% 15% 12% 13% 13% 13% 11% 10%

7% 6% 5% 5%

Level 5 Level 4 Level 3 Level 3 advanced

Economic recession Alcohol causing reckless behaviour Non-compliance with lockdown guidelines Food shortages Loss of income Unemployment Contracting COVID-19

Showing top 7 responses for the weeks| Open ended responses

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1616 Emotional wellbeing

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1717 Slightly more citizens are showing signs of managing than in the previous COVID-19: Week 3 – 15 week. Those who are managing are also more likely to have reduced their social interaction to prevent infection.

Which one of the following words best describes your feelings during the national lockdown period?

Afraid

Optimistic Depressed

Managing Discouraged

Comfortable Irritable

Level 5 (Week 3 Onwards) Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level 3

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1818 As citizens become more irritable and afraid, COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 lockdown level 3-advanced has shown some decreases in the mental state of managing with life.

During lock-down level 5, citizens showed high levels of fortitude in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic- the highest levels were in Limpopo and KwaZulu-Natal.

In level 4, this declined significantly, especially in for Limpopo, North West, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal.

Since the country has moved into level 3, levels of managing have again increased, with more citizens in Gauteng, Free State and Western Cape showing resilience.

Since moving to level 3-advanced, a similar decrease in managing is seen to level 4. The North West province has a large proportion of citizens showing fortitude, (32%), this has however decreased slightly from the previous week (37%).

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 1919 COVID-19: Advanced Fear levels are the highest in Limpopo (30%) and in the Eastern Cape (29%). Level 3 The North-West have the highest proportion of respondents who claim to be managing.

Any agree (6 - 10)

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

29% 30% 25% 25% 26% 25% 25% 25% 22% 22% 20% 18% 18% 17% 18% 18% 18%

10% 8% 8% 7% 7% 7% 6% 6% 5% 3%

Afraid Comfortable Depressed

37%

29% 26% 23% 23% 21% 23% 21% 18% 15% 15% 13% 15% 13% 14% 15% 11% 13% 9% 9% 9% 8% 7% 7% 7% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 6% 5% 6% 3% 2% 3%

Discouraged Irritable Managing Optimistic

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2020 Most citizens (37%) are in a state of sadness with Lockdown- only 22% have accepted the new normal

COVID-19 STAGES OF GRIEF

DENIAL ANGER BARGAINING SADNESS ACCEPTANCE

I’m being forced to stay It’s okay - if I social This is happening, This virus won’t affect at home and my distance for a few I don’t know when this I have to figure out me. activities have been weeks, everything will will end. how to proceed. taken away. be better.

Start of 19% 16% 26% 24% 16% lockdown

Today 10% 11% 20% 37% 22%

Single mention Level 3 n=1001 | Advanced Level 3 n=1605

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2121 Food Security

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2222 Although 55% of citizens are concerned about the amount COVID-19: Week 7– 15 of food in their homes, food security is improving, as the economy is opening up.

Adults in the household went to bed hungry because there was not enough money to buy food

35%

People in the household went an entire day without food because 26% Children in the household went to bed hungry because there was not there was not enough money for food enough money to buy food 28% 23% 21%

18%

68% 33% 27% 55% People in the household lost weight because there was not enough We were concerned about the amount of food we had in our food household before we got money to buy food again

40% 42%

52% Adults in the household reduced their meal frequencies due to a lack of 54% Adults in the household reduced their portion sizes due to a lack of food food and money to buy food and money to buy food

COVID-19 Level 5 COVID-19 Level 4 COVID-19 Level 3 Advanced Level 3 Multiple mention n=5880

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2323 COVID-19: Advanced Concerns about the amount of food available in the home is highest in Gauteng (65%) Level 3 and nearly one in two respondents noted that adults reduced their meal frequencies due to a lack of food in the home which could signify a need for intervention. The North West and Northern Cape has a high proportion of adults who went to bed hungry. Any agree (6 - 10)

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

63% 65% 59% 53% 48% 48% 45% 46% 42% 44% 44% 41% 41% 41% 41% 39% 40% 36% 36% 31% 31% 32% 28% 28% 25% 25% 25% 23% 24% 22% 23% 23% 22% 19% 16% 16%

Adults in the household went to bed hungry Children in the household went to bed hungry We were concerned about the amount of Adults in the household reduced their portion because there was not enough food. because there was not enough food. food we have available sizes due to a lack of available food.

47% 44% 43% 39% 37% 37% 37% 33% 33% 30% 28% 30% 28% 27% 26% 23% 22% 21% 21% 22% 19% 18% 19% 16% 16% 15% 8%

Adults in the household reduced their meal frequencies due to People in the household lost weight because there was not People in the household went an entire day without food. a lack of available food. enough food.

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2424 COVID-19: Level 5 – The City of Cape Town shows the lowest levels of food insecurity as compared to high Advanced level 3 levels in Nelson Mandela Bay and City of Johannesburg.

Buffalo City Adults in the household went to bed hungry because there was not enough food. City of Cape 31% Town 29% City of 28% Johannesburg 28% People in the household went an entire day without Children in the household went to bed hungry City of Tshwane 28% food. 27% 24% because there was not enough food. 25% 23% 24% Ekurhuleni 23% 25% 24% 20% 19% 22% eThekwini 21% 19%18% 21% 16%16% 23% 20%20% Mangaung

15% 16% Nelson Mandela Bay 31% 26% 30% 22% National 28%27% 25% 56% 26% 55% 58% People in the household lost weight because there 26% 57% We were concerned about the amount of food we 59% was not enough food. have available 57% 58% 60%62% 39% 41%

37% 40% 40% 43% 45% 45% 43% 43%44%45% 44% 47% 47% 49% Adults in the household reduced their meal 51%Adults in the household reduced their portion sizes 48% frequencies due to a lack of available food. due to a lack of available food.

Buffalo City n=117 | Nelson Mandela Bay n=149 | Mangaung n=141 | City of Johannesburg n=581 | City of Tshwane ©Ask Afrika 2020 2525 n=505 | Ekurhuleni n=355 | eThekwini n=647 | City of Cape Town n=558 © ask afrika 2020 COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced level 3 The City of Cape Town shows the lowest levels of food insecurity as compared to high levels in Nelson Mandela Bay and City of Johannesburg.

The government has been distributing food parcels to the most vulnerable in my community

eThekwini 46%

Performing above average City of Johannesburg 46% Performing below average

Buffalo City 46%

Ekurhuleni 44%

Mangaung 43%

City of Tshwane 43%

City of Cape Town 38%

Nelson Mandela Bay 33%

National 44%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2626 COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced level 3

9% have

City of Johannesburg 11% received City of Tshwane 8% food parcels Ekurhuleni 11% Mangaung 2% from the Government eThekwini 12% during lock City of Cape Town 8% down Buffalo City 9% Nelson Mandela Bay 5%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2727 COVID-19: Level 5- Advanced Level 3 Dissatisfaction with the distribution of food parcels are increasing in Level 3 advanced. This dissatisfaction is significantly higher amongst women and the youth. The government has been distributing food parcels to the most vulnerable in my community

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Advanced Level 3 44% 13% 31% 12%

Level 3 43% 14% 32% 11%

Level 4 40% 13% 29% 18%

Level 5 45% 9% 21% 24%

Single mention Level 5 n= 365| Level 4 n=1517 | Level 3 n=1344 | Advanced Level 3 n=1120

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2828 Awareness of food parcel delivery is high in the Northern COVID-19: Level 5- Advanced Level 3 Cape, Limpopo and North-West. Awareness of these government initiatives are lowest in the Free State.

The government has been distributing food parcels to the most vulnerable in my community

Any agree (6 - 10)

Northern Cape 55%

Limpopo 52%

North West 51%

Mpumalanga 49%

Eastern Cape 44%

KwaZulu-Natal 41%

Western Cape 41%

Gauteng 38%

Free State 34%

Provincial Percentages

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1120

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 2929 Financial wellbeing

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3030 COVID-19: Week 4 – 15 Nationally 21% of respondents applied for UIF, and 11% have received UIF. The Western Cape has the highest proportion of respondents who received UIF.

I contacted UIF for financial Number of times UIF was assistance received

Once 50% Twice 40% Three times 6% 23% 26% 21% Four times 2% Level 4 Level 3 Advanced Level Five times or more 3% 3 Single mention Single mention n=4658 n=108

29% 26% 22% 21% 20% 20% 17% 14% 13% 13% 18% 14% 12% 14% 11% 11% 10% 8% 5% 4% National MP KZN LP NW NC FS WC GP EC

I contacted UIF for financial assistance Have you received UIF?

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3131 COVID-19: Week 4 – 15 Nationally 21% of respondents applied for UIF, and 11% have received UIF. The Western Cape has the highest proportion of respondents who received UIF. UIF as financial support to citizens

I contacted UIF for financial assistance Have you received UIF?

32% 29% 28% 27% 26% 23% 24% 19% 15%

15% 13% 11% 13% 11% 9% 8% 6% 5%

Buffalo City n=94 | Nelson Mandela Bay n=113 | Mangaung n=108 | City of Johannesburg n=459 | City of Tshwane n=368 | ©Ask Afrika 2020 3232 Ekurhuleni n=274 | eThekwini n=527 | City of Cape Town n=411 © ask afrika 2020 COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 Gauteng residents have been hard hit by the financial crunch, and nearly one in two Gauteng respondents have made arrangements for later payment. Any agree (6 - 10)

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

46% 42% 40% 41% 38% 34% 34% 32% 33% 32% 30% 31% 29% 27% 27% 24% 25% 24% 23% 23% 23% 21% 18% 18% 19% 19% 18% 16% 16% 15% 13% 15% 13% 10% 11% 6%

I don’t have any means of I cancelled non-essentials like car Made arrangements for later Applied for a payment holiday financial assistance insurance payment offered by credit providers

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3333 COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 34% of respondents indicated that they have no means for

City of Johannesburg 40% financial assistance. City of Tshwane 36% Nelson Mandela Bay Ekurhuleni 33% has been the hardest hit with 44%. Mangaung 26% eThekwini 34%

Buffalo City 32% Nelson Mandela Bay 44% City of Cape Town 34%

Buffalo City n=117 | Nelson Mandela Bay n=149 | Mangaung n=141 | City of Johannesburg n=581 | City of Tshwane n=505 | ©Ask Afrika 2020 3434 Ekurhuleni n=355 | eThekwini n=647 | City of Cape Town n=558 © ask afrika 2020 The North-West province shows signs of increased lending behaviour and potentially lower spending as they are more careful with their money. Across provinces most people are however more careful with their money.

I will have to borrow money to cope with the lockdown

Agree (6 - 49% 10) 56% 56% 53% 55% 50% 55% 67% 62% Neutral (5) 8% 14% 9% 10% 11% 11% 11% 8% 9% Disagree (0 41% 34% 33% 39% 34% 36% 34% - 4) 25% 30%

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Province Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

I am more careful with my money

Agree (6 - 10)

74% 78% 79% 74% 79% 80% 81% 85% 84% Neutral (5)

Disagree (0 10% 10% 5% 16% 10% - 4) 14% 11% 6% 5% 16% 16% 5% 12% 9% 9% 10% 11% 11% Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Province Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3535 COVID-19: Level 5, Level 3 & Advanced Level 3

Nelson City of City of Cape National Buffalo City Mangaung City of Tshwane Ekurhuleni eThekwini Mandela Bay Johannesburg Town

I have started using 52% 53% 58% 47% 57% 58% 59% 51% 56% my savings

Made arrangements for 40% 36% 47% 36% 48% 44% 43% 39% 40% later payment

I cancelled non- essentials like car 24% 20% 32% 20% 29% 27% 29% 24% 28% insurance

Applied for a payment holiday 18% 19% offered by credit 27% 13% 20% 17% 23% 18% 21% providers

©Ask Afrika Afrika 2020 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3636 Awareness of funding/ aid and corruption

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3737 Most respondents are aware that the Government received a COVID-19: Advanced level 3 loan from the IMF. Fewer are however aware of the size of this loan, and many are concerned about how South Africa will repay this loan. 62% agree that South Africa would 61% be able to repay the IMF and World Bank loan. (23% disagree that South are Africa is able to repay the loan.) aware that the Government received a loan 71% agree that tax will have to for COVID-19 increase to compensate for the IMF response from and World Bank loan International Monetary Fund and the World 41% are aware that the IMF and World Bank loan is valued at Bank more than US $4 billion

Single mention n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3838 Awareness of SA’s public debt is relatively high (41%), COVID-19: Advanced level 3 and most respondents believe that we can repay this debt.

41% are aware that South Africa already has close to R3 Trillion in public debt

63% agree that South Africa would be able to repay the R3 Trillion in public debt. (25% disagree that South Africa is able to repay the public debt.) Single mention n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 3939 Awareness of COVID-19 corruption remains high amongst COVID-19: Level 4 - Advance Level 3 respondents, especially in those in the City of Johannesburg (67%) and Ekurhuleni (65%).

I have heard/read or seen information about COVID-19 corruption

Advanced Level 3 25% 12% 36% 26%

Level 3 24% 13% 41% 22%

Level 4 24% 10% 36% 30%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 4 n=971 | Level 3 n=578 | Advanced Level 3 n=1509

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4040 COVID-19: Level 4 - Advance Level 3 Awareness of the R550bn government loans are lower in level-3 advanced than in previous lockdown levels.

I have heard/read or seen information about the R500bn Government loans

Advanced Level 3 29% 12% 31% 28%

Level 3 28% 13% 37% 22%

Level 4 22% 12% 33% 33%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Nelson Mandela Bay has the highest awareness levels, closely followed by the three main Gauteng municipalities, Ekurhuleni, City of Tshwane and City of Johannesburg

Single mention Level 4 n=972 | Level 3 n=580 | Advanced Level 3 n=1507

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4141 COVID-19: Level 4 - Advance Level 3 Awareness of the Solidarity Fund has decreased slightly from level 3 (4% decline). Awareness levels around the Solidarity Fund is higher amongst males than females.

I have heard/read or seen information about the Solidarity Fund

Awareness levels around Solidarity Fund information is highest amongst residents of the City of Tshwane

City of Tshwane 61% Advanced Level 3 31% 14% 32% 23% 55% eThekwini 60%

City of Cape Town 59%

National 59% Level 3 30% 11% 40% 19% 59% Mangaung 58%

Nelson Mandela Bay 56%

Ekurhuleni 54% Level 4 23% 13% 36% 28% 64% Buffalo City 54%

City of Johannesburg 51% Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) Above National average Below National average

Single mention Level 4 n=959 | Level 3 n=571 | Advanced Level 3 n=1517

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4242 COVID-19: Level 4 - Advance Level 3 Those in the Western Cape have the lowest awareness of how to access social relief of distress interventions.

I know how to access social relief of distress interventions by Government

Any agree (6 - 10)

North West 68%

Eastern Cape 65%

Gauteng 61%

Free State 59%

Limpopo 58%

Mpumalanga 57%

KwaZulu-Natal 56%

Northern Cape 55%

Western Cape 48%

Provincial Percentages

Single mention Level 4 n=1138 | Level 3 n=946 | Advanced Level 3 n=1127

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4343 Stigma of protective behaviour

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4444 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 The biggest stigmas citizens perceive around Covid-19 behaviour is wearing a mask socially and avoiding hugging/ kissing when greeting others.

When I am with Other people Other people People treat My family and Friends, family I allow my people, I feel the find it odd have told me me differently friends get colleagues kids to play need to wear my when I don’t that I am when I try to irritated with laugh at me outside with mask, but I don’t want to hug or overexagger maintain a me when I when I sanitise friends, they because I may kiss them ating when I safe distance don’t want to my hands or won’t be come across as when I greet wear my from them attend surfaces affected by overcautious them mask gatherings frequently COVID-19

15% 20% 12% 12% 14% 14% 10% Completely agree Completely agree Completely agree Completely agree Completely agree Completely agree Completely agree (9 - 10) (9 - 10) (9 - 10) (9 - 10) (9 - 10) (9 - 10) (9 - 10)

39% 39% 36% 36% 35% 34% 31% Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10) Agree (6 - 10)

45% 45% 48% 48% 51% 53% 55% Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4) Disagree (0 - 4)

Single mention n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4545 Healthcare and Vaccines

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4646 COVID-19: Advanced level 3

54% are aware of the South African Ox1Cov-19 Vaccine VIDA-Trial that aims to find a vaccine to prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2 Agree (6 - 10)

Northern Cape 61%

Western Cape 59%

Limpopo 58%

North West 58%

Eastern Cape 52%

Gauteng 52%

Mpumalanga 50%

KwaZulu-Natal 44%

Free State 41% Single mention n=1004

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4747 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 An increase in COVID-19 testing is evident throughout the lockdown period. I have been tested for COVID-19

26% 28% 12%

Level 5 Level 3 Advanced level 3

I know of someone who has been tested for COVID-19

37% 44% 22%

Level 5 Level 3 Advanced level 3

34% indicated that there are testing initiatives in their area

35% 37% 30%

Level 5 Level 3 Advanced level 3

Single mention n=1636

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4848 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 The Western Cape has the highest proportion of respondents who either knows someone who has the virus or subsequently passed away from COVID-19

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo

Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape 51%

26% 26% 20% 17% 16% 10%12%10%11% 10% 11% 6% 8% 8% 9% 9% 4% 6% 5% 3% 5% 5% 3% 5% 5% 0%

I have been in contact with someone Someone I know has passed away due Someone I know has contracted who has tested positive to COVID-19 COVID-19

Single mention Week 14 n=601

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 4949 Respondents strongly believe that the entire African continent should unite in the COVID-19: Advanced level 3 fight against the virus. They also feel strongly that SA should develop their own vaccine, as concerns are high that the USA will buy all the experimental COVID- 19 vaccine stock and that it will not reach SA this year.

21% 25% 23% 28% 42% 52%

42% 32% 39% 34%

36% 17% 14% 15% 13% 32%

10% 22% 27% 23% 24% 6% 12% 10%

I am concerned that the Vaccines are the only real With vaccines everything I am concerned that the South Africa should The African continent USA bought all the way to restart the can go back to how they vaccines will not reach develop its own vaccine should unite in the fight experimental COVID-19 economy were before the lockdown South Africa this year, and rather than to rely on against the virus vaccine stock our positive cases will global powers for increase substantially assistance

Single mention Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5050 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 Citizens place South African healthcare workers in high regard, as they feel they have the necessary skills to deal with the pandemic, however, concerns for the health and safety of these workers are high. Although there is concern that SA is running out of Covid-19 test kits, there more concern around the possibility of the country running out of ventilators once the peak is reached.

30% 43% 49% 46%

38% 29% 30% 35%

16% 19% 13% 10% 12% 8% 9% 13%

South Africa is running out of South African doctors and South African hospitals may Our healthcare workers are Covid-19 test kits nurses are contracting the virus have too few ventilators when skilled enough to deal with the we reach the peak pandemic

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) Single mention n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5151 COVID-19 Behaviours & Perceptions

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5252 Citizens are showing commitment to hygiene practices, which they COVID-19: Level 5 - Advanced Level 3 intend to stick to beyond the current epidemic. They feel strongly that their health is their responsibility with only 16% of respondents believing that when they contract COVID-19 it is the Governments responsibility to aid them to get well.

Will you maintain the COVID-19 hygiene practices after the lock-down (0-4 scores)

Comfortable 25% 32% 39% 45% Discouraged 18%

Depressed 15%

37% Afraid 12% 38% 35% Optimistic 10% 14% 10% Managing 10% 9% 16% 11% 13% Irritable 9% You will maintain the COVID-19 You will maintain social distancing If I contract COVID 19, it is my hygiene practices after the lock-down after the lock-down has been lifted responsibility and not the Interestingly, those who feel comfortable during this government’s responsibility to get well time have higher disinclination to maintain these hygiene practices after lockdown Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 4 n=1555 | Level 3 n=1361 | Advanced Level 3 n=1539

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5353 COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 Those in Mpumalanga are the least likely to maintain hygiene practices and social distancing post the lockdown. Respondents in the Free State and Limpopo are least likely to believe that its their responsibility when the contract the virus.

Any agree (6-10)

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape 91% 86% 85% 86% 85% 84% 82% 82% 83% 82% 80% 79% 79% 79% 77% 78% 76% 78% 74% 74% 74% 76% 75% 75% 71% 71% 70% 68% 70% 68% 69% 69% 66% 68% 64% 65%

I need to take responsibility for my own health and You will maintain the COVID-19 hygiene practices You will maintain social distancing after the lock- It is my responsibility and not the government’s well-being rather than rely on Government after the lock-down down has been lifted responsibility to get well

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1102

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5454 Most citizens believe that they are playing their part COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3 in curbing the spread of the virus.

I have reduced social interaction to I have listened to the government’s call and try to prevent infection stay home

Advanced Level 3 8% 8% 35% 49% Advanced Level 3 10%6% 34% 50%

Level 3 7% 8% 37% 48% Level 3 8% 8% 33% 51%

Level 4 8%7% 27% 58% Level 4 6%5% 29% 60%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Single mention Level 4 n=1570 | Level 3 n=962 | Advanced Level 3 n=1536 Level 4 n=1570 | Level 3 n=962 | Advanced Level 3 n=1538

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5555 Most respondents noted that they can COVID-19: Level 5 & Advanced Level 3 self-isolate, which is more prevalent now than in level 5.

I am able to self-isolate

Advanced Level 3 13% 8% 36% 44%

Level 3 12% 8% 37% 43%

Level 5 17% 7% 23% 53%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 5 n=376 | Level 3 n=964 | Advanced Level 3 n=1539

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5656 COVID-19: Level 5 & Advanced Level 3 Cumulative This possibility of self-isolation is more prevalent in the North West, Free State, Mpumalanga and Limpopo. Respondents still believe that they are playing their part in curbing the spread of the virus which is relevant across provinces.

Provincial view

Western Northern Gauteng KZN Eastern Cape Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Free State National Cape Cape

I am able to self- 86% isolate 79% 76% 82% 76% 77% 76% 83% 83% 83%

Reduced social interaction to 85% 86% 86% 84% 86% 80% 80% 84% 87% 85% prevent infection

Listened to the government’s call 86% 87% 85% 73% 84% 88% 88% 88% and try to stay 87% 85% home

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5757 COVID-19: Level 5 & Advanced Level 3 Cumulative Most respondents noted that they can self-isolate, which is more prevalent now (79%) than in level 5 (76%). This possibility of self-isolation is more prevalent in Mangaung, eThekwini and the City of Tshwane. Although showing slightly less commitment than in level 5 (as discouraged and irritability levels rise), most respondents still believe that they are playing their part in curbing the spread of the virus. This belief is highest in City of Tshwane, but lowest in Buffalo City.

Biggest Biggest Biggest Biggest municipalities in EC Biggest municipalities in GT municipality in FS municipality in KZN municipality in WC

Nelson City of City of National Buffalo City Mangaung Ekurhuleni eThekwini City of Cape Town Mandela Bay Johannesburg Tshwane

I am able to 79% self-isolate 74% 72% 84% 77% 80% 72% 81% 78%

Reduced social interaction to 85% prevent 79% 83% 84% 86% 88% 85% 86% 85% infection

Listened to the government’s 86% call and try to 78% 83% 90% 86% 89% 86% 89% 85% stay home

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5858 Even though self-isolation is believed to be possible, fewer citizens are COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 believed to be committed to social isolation (53%) than in level 3 (56%) and 4 (55%). Citizens of eThekwini and Nelson Mandela Bay feel citizens are mostly staying home but are not necessarily practicing social isolation, which is seen in the majority of municipalities.

Biggest Biggest Biggest Biggest municipalities in EC Biggest municipalities in GT municipality in FS municipality in KZN municipality in WC

National Nelson City of City of average Buffalo City Mandela Bay Mangaung Johannesburg Tshwane Ekurhuleni eThekwini City of Cape Town People are staying at 58% 60% 56% 57% 57% 52% 60% 58% home to keep others safe 60%

People are committed to 51% 59% 50% 50% 53% 57% 50% social isolation 54% 49%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 5959 COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 Citizens of Limpopo, North West and Mpumalanga feel citizens are mostly staying home but are not necessarily practicing social isolation, which is seen in the majority of provinces, except for Limpopo and KZN.

Provincial view

Western Northern National Gauteng KZN Eastern Cape Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Free State Cape Cape

People are staying at home to keep 60% 56% 64% 55% 63% 58% 69% 65% 66% 54% others safe

People are committed to 54% 49% 60% 48% 54% 56% 65% 59% 48% 54% social isolation

% Any agree (6 - 10)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6060 Social support obligations are slowly reducing through advanced level 3. COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced level 3 GivingSocial social support support to others obligations outside direct family are dependents slowly is morereducing prevalent under through those betweenadvanced the ages oflevel 35 – 49 years.3.

I am responsible for more people than my own direct family

I am responsible for more people than my Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) own direct family (Split by Age: 0-4 scores)

65 + 67% Advanced Level 3 24% 12% 35% 30%

55 -64 years 58%

50-54 years 65% Level 3 25% 11% 40% 24%

35-49 years 73%

25-34 years 66% Level 4 20% 9% 37% 34% 19-24 years 63%

16-18 years 63% Level 5 23% 11% 24% 42%

Single mention Level 5 n=340 | Level 4 n=1155 | Level 3 n=583 | Advanced Level 3 n=1532

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6161 There are high levels of social responsibility amongst respondents in the COVID-19: Advanced level 3 North-West who take care of more people than their direct family. This sentiment is lowest in Gauteng.

I am responsible for more people than my own direct family

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10)

North West 17% 13% 70%

Mpumalanga 20% 12% 68%

Eastern Cape 18% 14% 68%

Free State 24% 10% 67%

KwaZulu-Natal 20% 13% 67%

Northern Cape 29% 9% 62%

Western Cape 29% 10% 61%

Limpopo Province 21% 18% 61%

Gauteng 24% 17% 59% Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1148

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6262 Females are more likely to understand that they must play their COVID-19: Level 5/4 - Advanced Level 3 individual role in beating the virus, which is further echoed by them being more likely to wash their hands more frequently than in the past. Handwashing behaviors have also increased overall indicating greater awareness of how the virus spreads to prevent it from spreading.

I understand that I must play my part in beating this I wash my hands more frequently than in virus the past

Advanced Level 3 7% 5% 32% 55% Advanced Level 3 8% 7% 34% 51%

Level 3 6% 7% 34% 53% Level 3 9% 7% 32% 52%

Level 4 6%5% 28% 61% Level 5 8% 6% 21% 64%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Single mention Level 4 n=1561 | Advanced Level 3 n=1536 Level 5 n=379 | Level 3 n=959 | Advanced Level 3 n=1536

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6363 The Northern Cape shows lowest levels of awareness that they should be COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 playing their part to beat the virus. The need for increased communication in this area may improve personal responsibility. Increased hand washing routines are lowest in the Free State which may allude to barriers such as poor access to water. I understand that I must play my part in beating this I wash my hands more frequently than in virus the past

Limpopo 93% North West 92%

Eastern Cape 90% Northern Cape 92%

Gauteng 88% Limpopo 89%

KwaZulu-Natal 88% KwaZulu-Natal 86%

North West 87% Western Cape 86%

Free State 85% Eastern Cape 84%

Mpumalanga 85% Mpumalanga 81%

Western Cape 84% Gauteng 80%

Northern Cape 83% Free State 71%

Single mention Single mention Level 3 n=1151 Advanced Level 3 n=1150

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6464 COVID-19: Level 3 and Advanced Level 3 cumulative Citizens are committed to sanitizing their hands.

I will continue to sanitise my hands when going to outside of my house at the store

53% 55%

33% 31%

5% 6% 9% 8%

Level 3 Advanced Level 3

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 3 n=959 | Advanced Level 3 n=1532

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6565 COVID-19: Advanced Level Commitment to sanitizing outside of the home is 3 high, especially in the North-West. This may be a indicative of lower positive cases in the province. I will continue to sanitise my hands when going to outside of my house at the store

North West 91%

Eastern Cape 90%

Limpopo 88%

Gauteng 87%

Western Cape 87%

Free State 87%

Northern Cape 86%

KwaZulu-Natal 84%

Mpumalanga 82%

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1148

©Ask©Ask Afrika Afrika 2020 2020 © ask afrika 202066 6666 Nearly 50% of citizens are concerned that they are at higher COVID-19: Level 5 & Advanced Level 3 risk of infection due to underlying conditions. This concern is significantly less amongst Gauteng residents compared to those living in KZN

Males are more concerned that they are at higher risk due to underlying conditions than Females.

22% 34%

27%

38% 9%

10% 41% 18%

I have sufficient support to keep my family I am worried that I might be at higher risk due to healthy an underlying condition

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 5 n=381 | Level 3 n=588 | Advanced Level 3 n=1543

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6767 COVID-19: The risk of infection due to underlying conditions are highest Advanced Level 3 amongst those in Limpopo and Mpumalanga.

Any agree (6 - 10)

Eastern Cape Free State Gauteng KwaZulu-Natal Limpopo Mpumalanga North West Northern Cape Western Cape

83% 82% 78% 78% 73% 73% 71% 72% 66% 61% 59% 54% 56% 46% 46% 43% 44% 39%

I have sufficient support to keep my family healthy I am worried that I might be at higher risk due to an underlying condition

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1202

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6868 Mask-wearing has increased over lockdown. This is especially COVID-19: Level 5 & Advanced Level 3 due to citizens wanting to protect themselves and others from contracting the virus.

I will wear a mask and gloves when I leave my house in the near future

Advanced Level 3 7% 6% 32% 55%

Level 3 8% 6% 34% 52%

Level 5 15% 8% 25% 52%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 5 n=376 | Level 3 n=964 | Advanced Level 3 n=1535

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 6969 Perceived risk of contracting the virus

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7070 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 Respondents feel strongest that day care or school is the highest risk activity in terms of contracting Covid-19, which is followed by public transport and going to the gym. Buying take-aways have the lowest risk association.

How much risk do you associate with each of the following activities in contracting the virus ?

Sending children to day care or school - Low 20% | High 43% Taking public transport - Low 17% | High 41% High Risk Going to the gym - Low 20% | High 41% Attending a wedding or funeral - Low 18% | High 40% Going to a hospital to visit a family member - Low 20% | High 36% Attending a braai - Low 22% | High 36% Moderate-High Risk Travelling by plane - Low 24% | High 34% Eating inside a restaurant - Low 21% | High 34%

Visiting a shopping mall or center - Low 20% | High 32% Moderate Risk Grocery shopping - Low 20% | High 30% Visiting the elderly- Low 29% | High 29%

Visiting close friends and family - Low 26% | High 24% Moderate-Low Risk Working at the office - Low 26% | High 22% Waiting in for a doctor or dentist appointment in the waiting room - Low 27% | High 20%

Low Risk Buying take-away food at the drive through - Low 38% | High 21%

Single mention Low infection risk (0 - 4) | High infection risk (9 - 10) n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7171 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 Respondents believe they will be prone to engage in Moderate- High Risk activities once level 3 regulations have been relaxed

Which of the following would you now consider doing, after the level 3 regulations have been relaxed?

Low Risk 24% View non-contact sport matches when broadcasted on TV 17% Go on self-drive wildlife excursions

Moderate Risk 10% Go to a museum, gallery or library 17% Stay at lodges, bed and breakfast, timeshare facilities, resorts and guest houses

Moderate-High 32% Go to restaurants, fast food outlets and coffee shops 7% Attend conferences at meeting venues Risk 36% Receive personal care services such as hairdressing and beauty treatments

High 19% Go to a Cinema Risk 9% Go to a Casino 7% Attend a theatre production

Single mention Risk ranking adapted from the TMA COVID-19 Task Force and the TMA Committee on Infectious Diseases n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7272 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 Respondents perceive that social distancing of a waiter (1m) and wearing a mask on restaurant premises (except when eating and drinking) will mostly impact their dining experience. They seem less phased by no tablecloths on the tables and not having access to a self-service buffet. 32% will consider to go to restaurants, fast food outlets and coffee shops once level 3 restrictions have been relaxed

To what extent do you think these guidelines will impact your experience when going to restaurants?

25% 23% 27% 33% 39% 35%

23% 28% 18% 21% 22% 28% 15% 16% 15% 20% 14% 11%

39% 35% 33% 26% 25% 27%

Completing a screening Wearing a mask when on No self-service buffet will be Buffet items will only be Waiter may not stand closer No tablecloths will be on the questionnaire before the premises, except when offered. handled by a food service than 1m from the table table. entering the restaurant. drinking and eating. employee who will be when taking your order. standing behind a Perspex shield. Single mention Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) n=130

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7373 Impact on the community

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7474 High frustration levels persist in communities COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3 and is high, at 71% in Gauteng.

2% increase from 71% previous week

Advanced Level 3 18% 11% 41% 30%

Level 3 17% 13% 44% 26%

Level 4 17% 12% 40% 31%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 4 n=974 | Level 3 n=1343 | Advanced Level 3 n=1512

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7575 COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3

Frustration levels around the lock-down is starting to increase in my community

City of Cape Town 74%

Buffalo City 71% Performing above average

City of Johannesburg 70% Performing below average

City of Tshwane 68%

eThekwini 67%

Ekurhuleni 67%

Mangaung 67%

Nelson Mandela Bay 67%

National 70%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7676 COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3

Many people are breaking lock-down rules and putting us at risk

City of Tshwane 75%

City of Johannesburg 75% Performing above average

City of Cape Town 74% Performing below average

Nelson Mandela Bay 74%

Mangaung 73%

eThekwini 72%

Buffalo City 71%

Ekurhuleni 66%

National 72%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7777 The Covid-19 pandemic has encouraged the change in COVID-19: Level 5, 4 & Advanced level 3 shopping behaviour the most. The likelihood to change short-term insurers has become more likely in advanced level 3.

Likelihood to change

57% 56% 52% 53%

39% 35% 36% 36% 35% 35% 32% 33% 32%

30% 29% 30% 31% 30% 31% 30% 30% 29% 31%in Week30% 11 31% 29% 30% 30%

Level Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4 Level 5 Level 4

Overall Overall Overall Overall Overall Overall Overall

Advanced level 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced 3 level Advanced Shopping behaviour Internet provider Cell phone provider Short-term insurance Medical aid/ insurance Long-term insurance Main bank provider provider

Disagree (0 - 4) Any agree (6 - 10) % Mean Score Multiple mention n=3263

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7878 Citizens are foreseeing downscaling their domestic gardeners COVID-19: Level 4 - Advanced level 3 and workers, while downscaling short term insurance is also relatively high. Downscaling on housing is not seen as likely in the next 2 months. Do you foresee downscaling any of the following in the next two months?

43% 43% 46% 44% 43% 43% 43% 43% 37% 43% 40% 40% 37% 41% 34% 38% 37% 35% 33% 35% 34% 36% 34% 35% 32% 37% 32% 34% 34% 35% 30% 33% 33% 33% 25% 31%

Gardener Domestic help Short term Long term Medical aid Car Child’s school Bank account House insurance insurance type

Level 4 Level 3 Advanced level 3 Overall

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 7979 Service delivery including refuse removal and other sanitary services remain non-existent or poor for a third of respondents.

COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3

Your community received basic sanitary government services during the lockdown, such as rubbish removal

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Advanced Level 3 35% 12% 33% 21%

Level 3 28% 12% 38% 22%

Level 4 30% 10% 32% 28%

Level 5 39% 8% 19% 34%

Single mention Level 5 n=376 | Level 4 n=1146 | Level 3 n=576 | Advanced Level 3 n=1131

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 202080 8080 Perceived service delivery including refuse removal and other sanitary services remain poor in the Free State and Mpumalanga.

COVID-19: Advanced Level 3

Your community received basic sanitary government services during the lockdown, such as rubbish removal

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10) Eastern Cape 33% 5% 62%

North West 32% 8% 59%

Limpopo Province 35% 7% 58%

KwaZulu-Natal 31% 11% 58%

Western Cape 29% 15% 56%

Gauteng 36% 14% 50%

Northern Cape 36% 15% 49%

Mpumalanga 43% 9% 47%

Free State 47% 15% 37%

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1131

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 202081 8181 Pre-COVID-19 only 30% of people believed that the level of service delivery would improve in 2020, yet it seems that many are still not receiving services. More people have TV’s and DSTV than basic amenities in their homes. TGI 2019C data Representing the views of urban and metro dwellers (communities with more than 8 000 people) Home Amenities

78% 75% 58% 36% have a flush toilet inside/ have tap water in the have hot running water have built-in kitchen sink outside the house home or on the plot from a geyser

Type of toilet Water source

Flush toilet inside the house 67 Inside the house 66 78% Own a TV Flush toilet outside the 32 Outside the house, on your house property 55

Pit toilet outside the house 9 Outside the house, shared with neighbours 7 Portable toilet outside the 49% Have a decoder and a paid for subscription 2 house Store-bought water 1

Other 1

Source: TGISA n=25 067, weighted to N=26 980 000 South Africans

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8282 More respondents are noting that community members are not responding responsibly to the outbreak of the virus (27%).

COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 People in my community responded responsibly to the outbreak of the Coronavirus in South Africa

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Advanced Level 3 27% 14% 41% 18%

Level 3 23% 14% 46% 18%

Level 4 21% 13% 41% 25%

Level 5 32% 10% 26% 31%

Single mention Level 5 n=340 | Level 4 n=1162 | Level 3 n=585 | Advanced Level 3 n=1160

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8383 The sense of Ubuntu remains strong amongst South Africans even in the face of adversity.

COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3

Despite the crisis there is a sense of ubuntu in my community Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) Perceived levels of Ubuntu are Advanced Level 3 23% 13% 43% 21% significantly higher amongst people older than 35. Level 3 19% 15% 44% 22%

Level 4 20% 12% 39% 29%

Level 5 26% 12% 32% 30%

Single mention Level 5 n=336 | Level 4 n=1144 | Level 3 n=572 | Advanced Level 3 n=1134

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8484 Gauteng shows the lowest levels of Ubuntu during the crises, and at least one in three people believe that their community is not reacting responsibly to the outbreak.

COVID-19: Advanced Level 3

People in my community responded responsibly to the Despite the crisis there is a sense of ubuntu in my community outbreak of the Coronavirus in South Africa

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10) Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10)

KwaZulu-Natal 22% 10% 68% North West 12% 17% 71%

North West 20% 13% 67% Northern Cape 18% 15% 67%

Limpopo 19% 16% 65% Mpumalanga 22% 12% 66%

Mpumalanga 23% 13% 64% Free State 27% 7% 66%

Western Cape 25% 19% 56% KwaZulu-Natal 22% 13% 66%

Free State 31% 14% 56% Limpopo 24% 11% 65%

Eastern Cape 29% 16% 55% Eastern Cape 24% 11% 65%

Gauteng 34% 13% 53% Western Cape 26% 13% 62%

Northern Cape 36% 15% 49% Gauteng 25% 14% 60%

Single mention | Advanced Level 3 n=1134

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8585 A third of people believe that their community won't give up on socializing neither will they share resources with vulnerable people in their community.

COVID-19: Advanced Level 3

18% 17% Disagree (0 - 4)

38% 37% Neutral (5)

13% Agree (6 - 8) 13%

Completely Agree (9 - 10) 30% 33%

People in my community are willing to give up on things like People in my community share resources like food and water so socialising to keep others safe that others don’t go hungry

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1202

©Ask Afrika 2020202 © ask afrika 2020 8686 Those in Gauteng and the Free State are most likely to not give up on socializing behaviours and also feel strongly that people in their communities wont share resources.

COVID-19: Advanced Level 3

People in my community are willing to give up on things like People in my community share resources like food and water socialising to keep others safe so that others don’t go hungry

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10) Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10)

Mpumalanga 18% 12% 70% North West 20% 12% 68%

North West 25% 8% 67% Northern Cape 27% 8% 65%

Limpopo 23% 13% 64% Mpumalanga 23% 16% 60%

KwaZulu-Natal 26% 11% 63% Limpopo 32% 10% 58%

Northern Cape 22% 16% 62% KwaZulu-Natal 31% 14% 55%

Eastern Cape 26% 15% 58% Western Cape 30% 15% 55%

Western Cape 31% 17% 52% Eastern Cape 36% 14% 50%

Gauteng 38% 14% 48% Gauteng 40% 12% 49%

Free State 41% 15% 44% Free State 42% 14% 44%

Single mention | Advanced Level 3 n=1202

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8888 Women are expecting more from Government, as they (41% disagree) COVID-19: Level 5- Advanced Level 3 are significantly more likely than their male counterparts (28% disagree) to believe that the citizenry does not receive sufficient support from the Government during the lockdown

21%

Pre-COVID-19, 60% of South 35% Africans in metro and urban areas agreed that the Government is responsive to 15% the needs of its citizens

Source: TGISA n=25 067, weighted to N=26 980 000 South Africans 29%

The Government is doing a good job in supporting its citizens during the lockdown period

Completely Agree (9 - 10) Agree (6 - 8) Neutral (5) Disagree (0 - 4)

Single mention Level 5 n=378| Level 4 n=1160|Level 3 n=586 | Advanced Level 3 n=1531

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 8989 Citizens of the Eastern Cape & the City of Cape Town do not COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 think the government has done enough to support citizens.

The Government is doing a good job in supporting its citizens during the lockdown period City of Johannesburg 52% Any Agree

46% 56% 54%

Mangaung 52% Any Agree

14% 7% 15%

City of Cape Town 44% Disagree 39% 39% 29% Nelson Mandela Bay 47% Disagree

Buffalo City National Nelson Mandela Bay Buffalo City 41% Disagree Disagree(0-4) Neutral(5) Any Agree(6-10)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9090 1 in 4 believe that the Government is not taking the appropriate steps to prevent COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 the spread of the outbreak. Citizens living in the municipality districts of eThekwini, City of Tshwane, Ekurhuleni and Mangaung show relatively more confidence in the steps the government has taken thus far to prevent the spread of the outbreak.

National Average

City of Tshwane 61% The Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Any Agree (6 - 10) Government is

taking Ekurhuleni appropriate City of Johannesburg 26% 13% 61% 59% 61% steps to prevent the spread of the Mangaung outbreak 61% Women (44% disagree) are eThekwini significantly more likely than males 62% (31% disagree) to believe that Government is not necessarily taking Buffalo City the appropriate steps to prevent the 58% spread of the outbreak. City of Cape Town Nelson Mandela Bay 55% 54%

% Any agree (6 - 10)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9191 Consistently since level 4, less respondents believe that the COVID-19: Level 4 -Advanced Level 3 Government is doing a good job in informing and educating South Africans about the spread of the virus.

The Government is doing a good job in informing and educating South Africans about the spread of the virus

Advanced Level 3 22% 13% 38% 28%

Level 3 19% 13% 42% 25%

Level 4 14% 11% 36% 39%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 4 n=1156 | Level 3 n=589 | Advanced Level 3 n=1522

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9292 COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3 Together with having less confidence in the steps the government has taken thus far to prevent the spread of the outbreak, the City of Cape Town also feel that the Government should increase their efforts in informing and educating citizens about the spread of the virus. City of Tshwane The Government is doing a good job in informing and 72% Any Agree educating South Africans about the spread of the virus

Ekurhuleni 72% Any Agree

City of Johannesburg 71% Any Agree 69% 72% 72% 71%

Mangaung 71% Any Agree

12% 12% 11% 10%

19% 17% 16% 18%

City of Cape National Ekurhuleni City of Tshwane City of Town Johannesburg 21% Disagree Disagree(0-4) Neutral(5) Any Agree(6-10)

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9393 As we progress through Level-3 advanced, fewer citizens COVID-19: Level 5- Advanced Level 3 believe that the Government is doing enough to support businesses during the lockdown.

The Government is doing a good job in supporting businesses during the lockdown period

Advanced Level 3 38% 14% 33% 15% Women are significantly less satisfied with the Level 3 34% 16% 36% 13% Governments efforts to support small Level 4 29% 13% 35% 24% businesses.

Level 5 30% 11% 25% 34%

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Single mention Level 5 n=367 | Level 4 n=1127 | Level 3 n=576 | Advanced Level 3 n=1483

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9494 Nelson Mandela Bay and the City of Cape Town believe COVID-19: Level 5 – Advanced Level 3 the Government is not doing enough to support businesses during the lockdown period, which is echoed by female citizens on a national level. The Government is doing a good job in supporting businesses during the lockdown period

City of Johannesburg Disagree(0-4) Neutral(5) Any Agree(6-10) 54% Any Agree

38% 45% 52%

City of Cape Town 15% 44% Disagree 11% 14%

47% Nelson Mandela Bay 44% 34% 47% Disagree

National Nelson Mandela Bay City of Cape Town

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9595 The need for government intervention to reduce poverty is COVID-19: Level 4 - Advanced Level 3 increasing throughout Level-3 advanced, and more is needed to improve the quality of life of citizens. This sentiment is especially true for those living in the City of Cape Town and Nelson Mandela Bay.

City of Tshwane 52% Any The Government is doing a lot to reduce poverty during Agree the lockdown period

Advanced Level 3 38% 16% 32% 14% eThekwini City of Cape 53% Any Town Agree 46% Disagree Level 3 33% 15% 37% 14%

Nelson Mandela Bay 46% Disagree Level 4 29% 13% 36% 22%

Pre-COVID-19, 40% of South Africans believed that the Government should take care of the very poor and 50% believed that the Government is doing enough to alleviate Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) poverty Source: TGISA n=25 067, weighted to N=26 980 000 South Africans Single mention Level 4 n=1153 | Level 3 n=580 | Advanced Level 3 n=1530

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9797 COVID-19: Week 4, 7 to 15 Trust in the President remains high, even though it has shown a significant drop of 20% over the last 3 months.

I trust the President to lead the country during this time

77% 75% 75% 69% 63% 66% 65% 65% 66% 59%

Week 4 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Week 13 Week 14 Week 15

The President is taking lead in managing the pandemic in the country

75% 74% 66% 63% 70% 71% 66% 64% 59%

Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Week 13 Week 14 Week 15

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9898 Pres Ramaphosa and Min Zweli Mkhize have high trust ratings compared to the COVID-19: Week 8, 10 - 15 other measured ministers. Trust in leaders has however declined significantly during levels 4 and 3. 85%

78% 76% 76% 75% 74% 77%

69% 72% 69% 70% 70% 68% 67% 67% 62% 64% 59% 61% 57% 57% 57% 60% 56% 57% 57% 54% 56% 56% 56% 55% 53% 53% 52% 52% 52%

48% 47% 45% 41%

Week 8 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Week 13 Week 14 Week 15

Angie Motshekga Bheki Cele Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma

Single mention Ebrahim Patel Zweli Mkhize President Ramaphosa n=2881

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 9999 Trust is driven by authenticity, transparency and a sense of working for COVID-19: Week 15 the people. These aspects detract from the trust people have in our ministers, especially Min. Motshekga.

President Ramaphosa Min. Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma

69% 69% 67% 66% 53% 52% 49% 52%

Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for 69% dealings and rigorous the people 53% dealings and rigorous the people in dealings in dealings

Min. Zweli Mkhize Min. Bheki Cele

60% 60% 59% 60% 52% 55% 54% 55%

Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for 60% dealings and rigorous the people 52% dealings and rigorous the people in dealings in dealings

Min. Ebrahim Patel Min. Angie Motshekga

54% 54% 50% 53% 41% 45% 43% 45% Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for dealings and rigorous the people Trust Authentic in Transparent Working for 54% in dealings 41% dealings and rigorous the people in dealings

Single mention Week 15 n=403

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 100100 COVID-19: Week 14 & 15 Minister Mkhize showed the biggest drop in empathy and authenticity Ministers Dlamini Zuma and Patel showed the biggest drop in transparency

100%Working for the people Week 14 Week 15 Difference 15% 70% 73% 63% 10% 57% 61% 10% 50% 66% 8% 8% 50% 5% 5% 7% 60% 52% 53% 55% 45% 5%

0% 0% Angie Motshekga Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma President Ramaphosa Ebrahim Patel Bheki Cele Zweli Mkhize

100% 10% Transparency 8% 8% 80% 74% 8% 64% 59% 6% 58% 60% 6% 58% 6% 59% 5% 49% 67% 50% 49% 40% 54% 4% 4% 43% 20% 2% 0% 0% Zweli Mkhize Bheki Cele Angie Motshekga President Ramaphosa Ebrahim Patel Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma 100% 12% 10% Authenticity 75% 10% 80% 52% 8% 8% 71% 60% 69% 61% 8% 60% 7% 60% 55% 6% 45% 54% 52% 60% 6% 40% 5% 4% 20% 2% 0% 0% Bheki Cele President Ramaphosa Angie Motshekga Ebrahim Patel Nkosazana Dlamini Zuma Zweli Mkhize Single mention n=2881

The biggest detractors of trust for the President and the Ministers are to personally be perceived as unauthentic, unempathetic and making illogical decisions. There are however some nuances in other factors driving distrust for the individuals, as President Ramaphosa and Minister Mhkize’s distrust levels are highly driven by some Provinces, including the FS, LP, NC and WC, where targeted communication could be used to ease citizen’s concerns and improve trust.

Min. Dlamini-Zumas’s distrust levels are however also impacted by Min. Motshekga being seen as unempathetic, while Min. Motshekga is influenced by perceived illogical decisions by the President.

It is therefore important to consider that perceptions about a specific leader can impact on various other leaders, therefore they need to keep each other accountable.

• President Ramaphosa: President Ramaphosa o Unauthentic in his dealings with the public Trust in Minister Mkhize and Patel, as well as o Not working for the people perceiving Minister Mkhize as authentic is driving o Not transparent in the way he does his job • Trust Minister Zweli Mkhize higher trust levels for President Ramaphosa. • Provinces driving distrust: o Free state, • Perceive Zweli Mkhize as Authentic in his Being perceived as unauthentic, unempathetic o Limpopo dealings with the public o Northern Cape and making illogical decisions are major • Trust Minister Ebrahim Patel o Western Cape detractors of Trust in President Ramaphosa. Those • Covid 19 will not affect me who believe Covid-19 will not affect them are also • Minister Ebrahim Patel is only relatively driving lower trust levels for the president, transparent in the way he does his job including those living in FS, LP, NC, WC.

R squared 0.772 Minister Zweli Mkhize Unlikely to trust Likely to trust Trust in President Ramaphosa and Minister Cele, as well as perceiving the President as empathetic is driving higher trust • Minister Zweli Mkhize is unempathetic, levels for Minister Mkhize. intransparent and unauthentic in his dealings with the public. Being perceived as unauthentic, unempathetic and making • Provinces driving distrust: • Trust President Ramaphosa o Free state illogical decisions are major detractors of Trust in President • Trust Bheki Cele o Limpopo Ramaphosa. Those who believe that the actual number of • I can keep myself and my family safe from Covid- o Northern Cape cases will far surpass the predicted number of cases 19 o Western cape because of the high rate of underlying conditions in SA are • President Ramaphosa is working for the people also driving lower trust levels for the minister, including those • I believe the actual number of cases will far living in FS, LP, NC, WC. surpass the predicted number of cases because of the high rate of HIV, TB, High Blood pressure and Diabetes patients in South Africa R squared 0.722

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 103103 Similar to the drivers of distrust, drivers of trust for an individual leader is strongly COVID-19: Week 15 influenced by perceptions of other leaders, which makes it even more crucial for members of Government to keep each other accountable. Determinants of trust

Minister Nkosazane Dlamini-Zuma Trust in Minister Cele, Patel and Motshekga, as well • Minister Dlamini-Zuma is perceived as as perceiving Minister Cele as transparent is driving only slightly empathetic and being • Trust Minister Beki Cele higher trust levels for Minister Dlamini-Zuma. transparent in the way she does her job. • Perceive Beki Cele as transparent in the • Do not feel safe at the hair salon / way he does his job Being perceived as unauthentic, unempathetic and beauty parlor • Trust Minister Ebrahim Patel making illogical decisions are major detractors of • Minister Motshekga is not seen as • Trust Minister Angie Motshekga Trust in Minister Dlamini-Zuma. Those who feel unsafe empathetic. at the hair salon / beauty parlor are also driving • Minister Dlamini-Zuma is not seen as lower trust levels for the minister, including those authentic in her dealings with the public who seen Minister Motshekga as unempathetic. R squared 0.677

Minister Angie Motshekga Trust in Minister Patel is driving higher trust levels for Minister Motshekga. Those who use public transport and are compliant with staying at home are also driving trust for the • Minister Angie Motshekga is unempathetic, Minister. intransparent and unauthentic • Trust minister Ebrahim Patel • President Ramaphosa is intransparent • I have listened to the government’s call Being perceived as unauthentic, unempathetic and making • I only slightly feel I can keep myself and my illogical decisions are major detractors of Trust in Minister and try to stay home Motshekga. Those who only slightly feel they can keep family safe from Covid-19 • Taking public transport themselves and their family safe from Covid-19 are also driving • I believe the increase of cases may move us lower trust levels for the minister, including those who believe back to Level 5 of the lockdown that the increase of cases may move us back to Level 5 of the lockdown.

R squared 0.644

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 104104 As Trust declines, citizens want to hear less from COVID-19: Week 8, 10 - 15 political leaders

President Ramaphosa Communication frequency from Trust levels President Ramaphosa 35% 33% 34% More than once a week 32% 37% 32% 24% Week 15 19% 13% 35% 34% 69% 28% 36% 34% Once a week 35% Week 14 13% 11% 36% 39% 76% 33% 29% 44% Week 13 15% 10% 34% 41% 75% 19% 15% 18% Every two weeks 17% 17% Week 12 12% 10% 38% 40% 78% 23% 21% 12% Week 11 14% 10% 76% 13% 36% 40% 10% Once a month 11% 7% 8% Week 15 Week 10 17% 9% 37% 37% 74% 8% Week 14 2% 2% Week 8 2% Week 13 8% 6% 35% 50% 85% Less frequently 2% 3% 6% Week 12 2% Completely distrust (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Week 11 4% 1% 2% Week 10 Trust (6 - 8) Completely trust (9 - 10) Never 2% 3% 2% Week 8 1%

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 105105 The President is mostly seen as Authentic and COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 Empathetic to the people of South Africa by those in the Free State.

Authenticity Empathy Transparency (6-10 score) (6-10 score) (6-10 score) Free State 84% Free State 84% Northern Cape 92%

Eastern Cape 83% Limpopo 83% North West 88%

Limpopo 83% North West 82% Free State 84%

North West 81% Northern Cape 82% Eastern Cape 80%

Mpumalanga 79% Eastern Cape 78% Limpopo 78%

Northern Cape 76% Mpumalanga 72% Mpumalanga 73%

KwaZulu-Natal 74% Western Cape 72% Western Cape 70%

Western Cape 72% KwaZulu-Natal 72% KwaZulu-Natal 69%

Gauteng 70% Gauteng 71% Gauteng 68%

Advanced level 3 n=1 202

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 106106 Even though trust in Min Motshekga is very low, citizens have an COVID-19: Week 11 - 15 urgency to hear from her- possibly given the critical part education plays in families lives.

Min. Angie Motshekga Communication frequency from Trust levels Min. Angie Motshekga

36% 31% Week 15 45% 14% 27% 14% 41% More than once a week 31% 30% 33% 29% Week 14 39% 14% 31% 15% 35% 47% Once a week 33% 34% 34% Week 13 17% 35% 16% 33% 15% 48% 16% Every two weeks 16% 17% 15% Week 12 34% 14% 35% 17% 8% 52% 12% Once a month 10% 10% 7% Week 11 39% 16% 32% 13% 45% 5% 4% Less frequently 6% Week 15 4% 5% Week 14 Completely distrust (0 - 4) Neutral (5) 6% 3% Week 13 Never 4% Trust (6 - 8) Completely trust (9 - 10) 5% Week 12 5% Week 11

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 107107 The high levels of perceived authenticity are driven by the COVID-19: Week 15 Northern Cape, Eastern Cape and Limpopo.

Pres Ramaphosa is seen as significantly more transparent and authentic in Limpopo than Gauteng

Authenticity Authenticity Empathy Logical Transparency (6-10 score) 69% 66% 67% (6-10 score) 75% in Week 14 73% in Week 14 74% in Week 14 NC 88% NC 88%

WC 73% NW 83%

LP 71% WC 69%

KZN 71% KZN 69%

NW 70% LP 68%

EC 69% President Ramaphosa is President Ramaphosa is Citizens see President EC 67% regarded as authentic in his regarded as a true public Ramaphosa as being MP 65% dealings with the public. The servant who is committed to transparent and rigorous in his GP 64% public therefore feels the South African citizens and dealings with the public. This FS 65% president knows himself and works for them. With Covid-19 might be driven by the way in MP 58% does not shy away from seen as the great stabilizer, it which the president looks at GP 62% showing his true self to the is possible for the president to the facts and is openness in FS 50% public, which aids in understand the feelings of taking advice from experts to connecting with citizens. South Africans, as he is facing guide the country through the the same reality. pandemic. Trust = 69% 76% in Week 14

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 108108 COVID-19: Week 15 Trust in minister Mkhize remains high, especially in the North West, KwaZulu Natal or Gauteng.

Authenticity Empathy Logical 60% 60% 59% 71% in Week 14 70% in Week 14 64% in Week 14

Trust = 60% 67% in Week 14

Overall Trust levels across Provinces (6-10 score) 73% 64% 64% 60% 59% 58% 54% 50% 41%

NW KZN GP LP MP EC WC FS NC

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 109109 The North West, Mpumalanga and Eastern Cape Provinces are COVID-19: Advanced Level 3 mostly likely to believe that Min. Mkhize is authentic, empathetic and transparent.

Authenticity Empathy Transparency (6-10 score) (6-10 score) (6-10 score) North West 81% North West 83% North West 76%

Eastern Cape 73% Eastern Cape 79% Mpumalanga 72%

Mpumalanga 73% Mpumalanga 75% Eastern Cape 71%

Limpopo 71% Free State 74% Limpopo 71%

Free State 71% Limpopo 74% Northern Cape 66%

KwaZulu-Natal 70% KwaZulu-Natal 70% Free State 64%

Gauteng 67% Gauteng 64% KwaZulu-Natal 63%

Northern Cape 65% Northern Cape 62% Gauteng 58%

Western Cape 57% Western Cape 61% Western Cape 57%

Advanced level 3 n=1 202

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 111111 TV and social media remain the two most COVID-19: Level 4 & Advanced Level 3 cumulative important sources of information during COVID-19 and are mostly used on a daily basis

Media used during COVID-19 for important news and as a source of information Never Once a month Media used: Frequency: Twice or more a month Once a week Twice or more a week Every day

Television (This includes aerial, satellite and 1%1% 4% 11% 84% streaming TV) 78%

Social media 62% 0%0%1% 4% 7% 87%

Radio (This includes in your car, on your phone or 0%1%2% 5% 10% 82% from a radio) 50%

National or regional newspapers 21% 1%3% 5% 17% 28% 46%

Community newspapers 20% 1%2% 5% 28% 24% 40%

Outdoor media which includes all outdoor advertising such as billboards, street pole signs, 1%2% 5% 19% 28% 44% branded murals, advertising at shopping centres 17% and garage stations, amongst others

Magazines 11% 1%3% 13% 15% 24% 44%

Single mention n=815

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 112112 Most respondents listen to SAFM and Ukhozi FM. 35% of COVID-19: Advanced level 3 respondents have listened to or heard of the Sikhaba iCovid 19 programme and most found the content very informative.

Which stations do you listen to most frequently?

22% SA FM 21% Ukhozi FM 15% 35% have you heard of Lesedi FM 14% or listened to a Thobela FM 12% programme called Umhlobo Wenene FM 11% Sikhaba iCovid-19 Motsweding FM 7% RSG How informative was the information shared on 6% Sikhaba iCovid-19? Munghana Lonene FM 6% Ikwekwezi FM 5% 6% 8% 35% 52% Phala Phala FM 4% Tru FM Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) 3% Lotus FM Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10) 3% Ligwalagwala FM 1% X-K FM Single mention Single mention n=214 n=52

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 113113 Those who listened to Sikhaba iCovid-19 are mostly working individuals, COVID-19: Week 15 females, between the ages of 19 to 34 years, belonging to the Black population group and living in Gauteng.

Profile of those who heard of/or listened to a programme called Sikhaba iCovid-19 n=59

Gender

Population Group Age Groups Employment Provinces 10% 16-18 years 8% Working 36% 44% 56% Black 93% 10% 19-24 years 32% 7% 32% Unemployed 32% White 3% 25-34 years 39% 7% 0% 15%

35-49 years 15% Indian/ Asian 2% Not working 24%

14% 50-54 years 3% 5% I am self- Coloured 2% 8% employed 65 + 2%

Single mention Week 15 n=59

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 115115 COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3 The ban on alcohol and tobacco products during the lockdown have left many to feel that they illegal trade has increased in their communities.

The ban on selling alcohol and tobacco product has increased illegal trading in my community

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Advanced Level 3 19% 9% 38% 34%

Level 3 18% 11% 36% 35%

Level 4 19% 9% 35% 38%

Single mention Level 4 n= 962 | Level 3 n=1 326 | Advanced Level 3 n=1121

COVID-19: Level 4 – Advanced Level 3

The ban on alcohol and tobacco are important

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 8) Completely Agree (9 - 10)

Advanced Level 3 25% 13% 27% 35%

Level 3 25% 11% 30% 33%

Level 4 26% 10% 28% 35%

Single mention Level 4 n= 977 | Level 3 n=580 | Advanced Level 3 n=1138

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 117117 The North West province shows strong support for the ban on alcohol and tobacco, but also note that the illegal trade in their communities have increased due to this. This may point to underlying issues in the area related to alcohol misuse. COVID-19: Advanced Level 3

The ban on selling alcohol and tobacco product has The ban on alcohol and tobacco are important increased illegal trading in my community Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10)

Disagree (0 - 4) Neutral (5) Agree (6 - 10)

North West 17% 5% 78% North West 14% 11% 75%

Eastern Cape 13% 9% 78% Mpumalanga 16% 9% 75%

KwaZulu-Natal 15% 11% 74% Eastern Cape 23% 12% 65%

Limpopo 14% 12% 74% Gauteng 22% 13% 65%

Western Cape 17% 9% 74% Limpopo 22% 17% 60%

Gauteng 23% 6% 71% KwaZulu-Natal 28% 13% 59%

Mpumalanga 22% 11% 67% Northern Cape 23% 21% 56%

Free State 22% 14% 64% Western Cape 38% 11% 51%

Northern Cape 18% 18% 63% Free State 37% 14% 49%

Single mention Advanced Level 3 n=1138

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 119119 Most respondents look out for special offers COVID-19: Level 4 & Advanced level 3 and promotions on TV and social media.

Where do you look out for any special offers or promotions?

22% 28% Television (This includes aerial, satellite and streaming TV)

25% 30% Social media

21% 12% Radio (This includes in your car, on your phone or from a radio)

Outdoor media which includes all outdoor advertising such as 14% billboards, street pole signs, branded murals, advertising at 13% shopping centres and garage stations, amongst others

3% 7% National or regional newspapers

9% 4% Magazines

6% 7% Community newspapers

Advanced level 3 Level 4 Single mention n=625

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 120120 37 Respondents in this week’s survey are self-employed and mainly a sole COVID-19: Advanced level 3 proprietor. Half had to close their business temporarily due to Covid-19, while only 46% indicated that their business can financially survive during the lock-down. Franchise 6% Partnership 14% Which of the following have you implemented due to COVID-19? Sole proprietor 43% Close the business temporarily 51% Reduce operating capacity 43% Introduced new products to services to supplement the business income 38% Delayed salary/wage payment Private 35% Company Converted my business operations to a digital platform 27% (PTY Limited) Applied for COVID-19 Business Relief 26 permanent 26% 27% staff on average Close the business permanently 24% 20 temporary Prioritise supplier payments (not being able to pay everyone) staff on average 24% Public entity No salary/wage payment for the month although staff continued to work during this time 11% 24% Temporary salary reduction 24% 1 in 4 had to cut staff numbers during Retrenchment (Section 189) 19% the lockdown period Permanent salary reduction 8% 46% indicated that their business can Applied for a payment holiday 8% survive financially during COVID-19 lockdown Single mention *Please note smaller sample size for week 15 – Interpret with caution n=37

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 121121 51% of business owners are of the belief that COVID-19: Advanced level 3 their business will be able to recover financially, although 40% believe it will take more than 6 months.

How long do you think your business will take to recover financially?

51%

8% 14% 11% 11% 5% 11% 24% 16%

1 month 2 months 3 months 4 months 5 months 6 months 6-12 More than months 12 months

Single mention *Please note smaller sample size for week 15 – Interpret with caution n=37

27% applied for Business relief, of which only 10% received the funds that were applied for

Of those 10% who received the funds, only 10% indicated that these funds were sufficient

Single mention *Please note smaller sample size for week 15 – Interpret with caution n=37

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 123123 Of the financial support available to businesses during the Covid-19 COVID-19: Advanced level 3 pandemic, the Motsepe Foundation is the most widely known, followed by TERS and The Spaza support scheme.

Are you aware of the following financial support for businesses ?

Motsepe Foundation 51% UIF COVID-19 Temporary Employer-Employee Relief Scheme (TERS) 46% The spaza shop support scheme 46% Solidarity Fund 43% The Temporary Employer-Employee Relief Scheme 43% NEF Covid-19 Fund (National Empowerment Fund for Black Entrepreneurs) 41% The Debt Relief Fund (The Department of Small Business Development) 41% SAFT Employer Relief Fund (South African Future Trust) 38% The business growth/resilience facility 38% SANTACO (South African National Taxi Council) 38% Industrial Development Corporation relief facility/ distress fund 35% Loan Guarantee Scheme 30% Sanlam Investors Legacy Fund 30% The Tourism Relief Fund 30% Sukuma (Rupert Foundation) 27%

Single mention *Please note smaller sample size for week 15 – Interpret with caution n=37

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 125125 Business of the week – companies that impressed customers with their response to the pandemic

Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Week 13 Week 14 Week 15

Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Government Motsepe Motsepe Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay department department department department departments departments Departments Departments Departments Foundation Foundation Motsepe Motsepe Pick n Pay Old Mutual s s s s Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay Shoprite Foundation Foundation Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay TOP 3 Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Shoprite

Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Shoprite Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Spar Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Shoprite Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay Pick n Pay SPAR SPAR Checkers Checkers Checkers Shoprite Checkers Checkers/ Spar Spar Spar Spar Spar Checkers/ Usave Food retail Woolworths Woolworths SPAR SPAR SPAR Spar Checkers Checkers Woolworths Woolworths Hyper Spar in top10 Woolworths Hyper Woolworths Spar

Vodacom Vodacom Vodacom Vodacom Telkom Vodacom Vodacom Vodacom MTN Vodacom Telco in Telkom Vodacom Vodacom Top10

SBSA SBSA FNB SBSA SBSA Old Mutual FNB Old Mutual FNB ABSA FNB Banks/ ABSA Standard Old Mutual FNB Old Mutual FNB Standard Bank Financial Bank ABSA in Top10 FNB

Clicks Clicks - Clicks Dischem - Clicks Pharma in Top10

- - - DSTv DSTv World Health SASSA Government DSTv WHO SAPS Government WHO Healthcare SASSA Organisation SABC department Gift of the Gift of the President Ministers Hospitals WHO s Givers Givers DSTV/ SASSA SASSA Schools President President Motsepe Multichoice Retailers/ President Other Government Foundation manufacturers WHO Ministers WITS Motsepe Foundation

- - Coca Cola Coca Cola - Coca Cola Coca Cola Coca Cola Product

©Ask Afrika 2020 © ask afrika 2020 126126 Business of the week- COVID-19: Week 15 Respondents are focused on the measures companies put in place to stop the spread. Many also mentioned charitable act and humanitarian aid.

Main reasons across brands (Top reasons)

Measures in place to stop the spread 25%

Charitable acts/ humanitarian aid 16%

Practice clean and safety measures 13%

Raising awareness and positivity 10%

Updating the public on the pandemic 10%

Supporting employees 9% Implement proactive and good strategies giving an image of confidence and inspiring trust 9% Provided/increased social grants 8%

No price hiking/ reduced prices 6%

Adaptive services 6%

Top mentions Open ended response

Andrea Rademeyer (Gevers), Mariëtte Croukamp, [email protected] [email protected] 082 564 5203 082 853 8919