Pontoniinid Shrimps from the Ninth Cruise of R/V Anton Bruun, Iioe, 1964, Ii

CRUSTACEA LI3RATIV SMITHSONIAN INST. RETURN TO w-119 111

BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 28(1): 118-136, 1978

PONTONIINID SHRIMPS FROM THE NINTH CRUISE OF R/V ANTON BRUUN, IIOE, 1964, II. THE REMAINING GENERA A. J. Bruce ABSTRACT The description of a collection of pontoniinid shrimps made in the western Indian Ocean in 1964 is completed. Twenty-four species of 14 different genera are represented. A detailed description and illustrations of the only new species, Periclimenaeus spinimanus, are provided and, in addition, the earlier misidentification of Periclimenes consobrinus is corrected. All species are considered to be "commensals" of other marine invertebrates and where possible the hosts are identified. Periclimeneaus minutus is recorded from the Indian Ocean for the first time. The host animals and geographical distribution of the species collected are briefly reviewed and most species are known to occur throughout the Indo-West Pacific region, although 18% are known only from the western Indian Ocean.

In November and December 1964, the of which are considered to be commensals R/V ANTON BRUUN, during its ninth cruise of other marine invertebrate hosts. Where in the Indian Ocean as part of the United possible, the identities of the hosts of the States' Program in Biology for the Interna- commensal species have been identified to tional Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE), species level, but this has not been possible visited a number of coral reefs and atolls in all cases and the hosts of some speci- in the western Indian Ocean. A variety of mens still remain to be identified. Full shrimps from the coral reef biotope was synonymies for most species are to be collected during this cruise, as well as a found in Holthuis (1952). few from deeper waters. Part of the material collected, 20 species belonging to the Species Collected During Cruise 9. genera Palaemonella Dana and Periclimenes (Part II) Costa of the subfamily Pontoniinae, have Paranchistus ornatus Holthuis, 1952 been described in part I of this report Anchistus miersi (De Man, 1888) (Bruce, 1971b), which also provided details Anchistus demani Kemp, 1922 Conchodytes tridacnae Peters, 1852 of the stations at which collections were Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters, 1852 made (Table 1), together with a map of Thaumastocaris streptotus Kemp, 1952 the cruise track (Fig. 1). The main locali- Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili, 1904) Periclimenaeus rhodope (Nobili, 1904) ties visited were Latham Island, Zanzibar; Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952 the Comoro Islands; Aldabra, Farquhar and Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, 1969 Philarius gerlachei (Nobili, 1905) St. Joseph Islands; Mahe Island; the Horn Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard, 1962) of Africa; and Aden. Platycaris latirostris Holthuis, 1952 Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin, 1825) The present report deals with the speci- Harpiliopsis depressa (Stimpson, 1860) mens collected from the 14 genera not re- Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann, 1890) corded in part I, together with an additional Cavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952 Jocaste lucina (Nobili, 1901) species of the genus Periclimenes that was Jocaste japonica (Ortmann, 1890) not correctly identified in the earlier part, Coralliocaris graminea (Dana, 1852) Coralliocaris superba (Dana, 1852) a total of 25 species, with a full description Coralliocaris venusta Kemp, 1922 of a Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce, 1967 1969a, the only new species found in the Propontonia pellucida Bruce, 1969 material studied. A total of 45 species were ADDENDUM obtained in the course of this cruise, many Periclimenes consobrinus De Man, 1902 BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 119

SYSTEMATIC ACCOUNT Host.—Tridacna maxima (Roding) (as T. Family PALAEMONIDAE Samouelle, crocea Lamarck), [Lamellibranchia: Tridac- 1819 nidae]. Subfamily PONTONIINAE Kingsley, Distribution.—From the Red Sea to the 1878 Gambier Archipelago, type locality Elphin- stone Is., Mergui Archipelago. In the west- Genus Paranchistus Holthuis, 1952 ern Indian Ocean, previously recorded Paranchistus ornatus Holthuis from the Maldive and Chagos Islands, the Paranchistus ornatus Holthuis, 1952: pp. 13, Seychelles; Zanzibar, Kenya, Tanganyika, 97-100, 103, figs. 39-40. Barnard, 1955: pp. 5, 47. Bruce, 1972b: 220, 226, figs. 1-2. and Madagascar. Not previously recorded Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1974: pp. 361-383. from the Comoro Islands. Material Examined.—(1) Mounimeri Is., Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 1.0 m, 23 November 1964, 1 9. Anchistus demani Kemp (2) Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 2.0 Restricted synonymy: Anchistus demani Kemp, m, 24 November 1964, 1 ovig. $. 1922, pp. 249 (key), 256-259, figs. 86-88.— Holthuis, 1952, p. 13; 1953, p. 56.—Bruce, Host.—Atrina vexillum (Born), (1). [La- 1967b: p. 568 (key); 1972b, p. 219; 1974c, mellibranchia: Pinnidae ]. pp. 200-201; 1975b, p. 26; (in press, a, b, c, Remarks.—Colour in life noted as "Uni- d).—Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1973, p. 104, fig. 5. Material Examined.—(l)Mounimeri Is., lie May- formly covered all over body and appen- otte, Comoro Islands, 23 November 1964, 1 ovig. dages with small red chromatophores, with 9. (2) Aldabra, 4 December 1964, 1 6 ,1 ovig. minute yellow and white chromatophores 9; 1 $. interspersed." Remarks.—The specimens present no spe- The ovigerous female specimen (2) was cial features and agree well with the previ- caught free from its host at a fish poison- ously published information. The single ing station. The biology of this species male specimen from Aldabra was found in has been extensively studied in Tulear, the same host as a pair of adult Conchodytes Madagascar, reviewed in Hipeau-Jacquotte tridacnae. The pairs of specimens from (1974). Mounimeri and Aldabra were noted as hav- Distribution.—Known only from Mocam- ing the body and appendages semitranspar- bique; Tulear and Nosi Be, Madagascar. ent, covered with circular blue spots, except over the antennal flagella and ambulatory Genus Anchistus Borradaile, 1898 pereiopods. The ova are pale green. All Anchistus miersi (De Man) specimens were obtained from host living Restricted synonymy: Harpilius miersi De Man, under lagoon conditions. 1888: pp. 274-277, pi. 17, figs. 6-10. Anchistus miersi Borradaile, 1898, p. 387.— Host.—The hosts were initially identified as Kemp, 1922, pp. 118, 249 (key), 255-256, fig. 85.—Holthuis, 1952, pp. 13, 110-111, Tridacna crocea Lamarck and T. elongata fig. 45, (full synonymy).—Bruce, 1967b, p. Lamarck, now both referred to T. maxima 568 (key); 1972b, pp. 219, 226, fig. 5; 1973, (Roding). [Lamellibranchia: Tridacnidae], p. 136, fig. 1 c-e; 1975b, p. 26, (in press, a, b, c, d). Miyake & Fujino, 1968, pp. 414- as T. crocea does not occur in the western 415, 431. Indian Ocean. Anchistus meirsi Fankboner, 1972, pp. 35-41, figs. 1-3. Distribution.—Not previously recorded Material Examined.—Mounimeri Is., He Mayotte, from the Comoro Islands or Aldabra, but Comoro Islands, 23 November 1964, 1 $, 1 known in the western Indian Ocean from ovig. ?. Madagascar, the Seychelle Islands, Zanzi- Remarks.—The colour pattern closely re- bar, and Kenya. Also reported from the sembles that of the species Anchistus de- Andaman Islands (type locality), Thai- mani, semitransparent with blue spots, and land, the Marshall Islands, and the Austra- pale green ova. lian Great Barrier Reef. 120 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 Genus Conchodytes Peters, 1852 Remarks.—The specimens were found in Conchodytes tridacnae Peters male-female pairs in almost all cases, except Restricted synonymy: Conchodytes tridacnae for occasional juveniles. Not previously re- Peters, 1852, p. 594.—Borradaile, 1917, pp. corded from Aldabra. 324, 393.—Kemp, 1922, pp. 118, 280 (key), 283-285, fig. 105.—Kubo, 1940, pp. 62-64, Host.—Pinctada margaritifera (L.) [La- figs. 26-27.—Holthuis, 1952, pp. 1195-99, mellibranchia: Pteriidae]. (partim), 1953, p. 69.—Castro, 1971, p. 397. —Bruce, 1972b, p. 220; 1972c, p. 63; 1973, Distribution.—This species is common pp. 138-139; 1974c, p. 201; 1975c, p. 49; throughout the whole Indo-West Pacific in press (d, e, f). region from the Red Sea to Hawaii. First Material Examined.—(1) Aldabra, 4 December recorded from Mocambique, and previously 1964, 1 5,1 ovig. 9; 1 S, 1 ovig. $. recorded in the western Indian Ocean from Remarks.—This species has not been pre- numerous localities including the Comoro viously recorded from Aldabra. Both pairs and Seychelle Islands, Madagascar, and were obtained from the central lagoon, one Somalia. pair from a host that also contained a single specimen of Anchistus demani. In the Genus Thaumastocaris Kemp, 1922 female the ovary was a conspicuous orange colour, showing clearly through the Thaumastocaris streptotus Kemp Thaumastocaris streptotus Kemp, 1922: pp. body, which was generally covered with 244-247, figs. 78-80.—Holthuis, 1952: pp. minute white chromatophores. 13, 111-114, figs. 46-47.—Johnson, 1961: Host.—Tridacna maxima (Roding) [La- p. 76 table 1.—Bruce, in press (b, d). Material Examined.—Stn. 9.459, 11°18.0'S, 51° mellibranchia: Tridacnidae ]. 08.0'E to 11°21.0'N, 51°09.0'E, Gulf of Mexico Distribution.—Common throughout the shrimp trawl, 14-16 fms, December 1964, 1 ovig. whole Indo-West Pacific region from Mo- 2. cambique to Hawaii. In the western In- Host.—Unidentified; numerous sponges dian Ocean, previously recorded from present in catch. Bird Island and Farquhar, Seychelle Is- Remarks.—The single specimen was found lands; Male and Minikoi, Maldive Islands; free amongst the trawl catch and was un- and Cherbaniani Reef, Laccadive Islands. doubtedly from one of the numerous Also from Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar; sponges. The colour in life was noted as and from Jidda, Red Sea. "Mainly transparent, with ovary olive green, covered with fine red dots. Cornea Conchodytes meleagrinae Peters golden, eyestalk with red longitudinal lines Restricted synonymy: Conchodytes meleagrinae bordered by white lines dorsally. Ova Peters, 1852, pp. 289-290.—Borradaile, 1917, pp. 292 (key), 293, pi. 57, fig. 26.—Kemp, brownish." The Kenyan specimens were 1922, pp. 118, 280 (key), 285-286.—Hol- found in the common blue sponge Siphono- thuis, 1953, p. 59.—Bruce, 1972b, pp. 220, chalina. 226, figs. 7-8; 1972c, p. 63; 1973, p. 139; (in press, b, c, d, e). Distribution.—Previously known only from Conchodytes tridacnae Holthuis, 1952, pp. 195- Noumea, New Caledonia (type locality); 199, fig. 95, (partim). Indonesia, Kenya, and northern Madagas- Material Examined.—(1) Aldabra, 3 December 1964, 4 $, 5 ovig. 5, coll. H. Vokes. (2) Al- car. dabra, 4 December 1966, I S, 2 ovig. 5. (3) Aldabra, 4 December 1964, I $, I ovig. 2, coll. Genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile 1915 S. Taylor. (4) Aldabra, 4 December 1964, 2 $, 2 ovig. 2, coll. H. Brattstrom. (5) Farquhar Is., Periclimenaeus hecate (Nobili) 6 December 1964, 1 1 ovig. 2. (6) Resource Is., 8 December 1964, 27 spms, several ovig. 2. Coralliocaris hecate Nobili, 1904: p. 232; 1906: (7) Anse Royale, Mahe, 10 December 1964, 1 2. p. 58, pi. 3, fig. 2.—Borradaile, 1917: 385. (8) Gold Mohur Bay, Aden, 21 December 1964, ^Periclimenaeus tridentatus Holthuis, 1952: 140- 1 juv. 146, figs. 63-65 (partim). BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 121 Periclimenaeus hecate Bruce, 1975a: 1574- Remarks.—Colour in life noted as "Al- 1577, figs. 11-12, 13e; (in press, a). most transparent, tinged with pink, and Material Examined.—(1) Moroni, Grande Co- more, Comoro Islands, 60 m, 22 November 1964, covered with fine yellowish white dots. Sec- coll. S. Taylor, 1 ovig. 5. (2) Idem, 2.0 m, 27 ond pereiopods and pleopods with scat- November 1964, 16, 1 $. tered white dots, which form a reticulate Hosts.—The specimens were obtained from pattern over the chelae of the pereiopods; colonies of Pocillopora but were almost other pereiopods transparent. Cornea certainly from small tunicate colonies golden. Ovary and gastric mill yellow. Ova amongst the branches of these corals, as pale green." in the Kenyan specimens (Bruce, in press, Distribution.—Previously known only from a). Banda, Indonesia. Remarks.—This species has been previously found in the western Indian Ocean in asso- Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce ciation with the tunicate Diplosoma sp., Figures 1-3 probably D. modestum Michael, which Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, 1969, pp. formed a very small sac-like colony 165-167. amongst the branches of a Seriatopora col- Material Examined.—1 $, 11°37'N, 51°27'E to ony. 11 °35'N, 51°27'E, 37-40 fms, trawl. Stn. 9-465, 18 December 1964. Distribution.—Known with certainty from Description.—The rostrum is slender and Djibouti, Gulf of Aden; Malindi, Kenya, slightly depressed, reaching to about the and probably Indonesia. middle of the distal segment of the antennular peduncle. The dorsal margin bears nine Periclimenaeus rhodope (Nobili) acute teeth, all situated anterior to the Coralliocaris (Onycocaris) rhodope Nobili, 1904: 233; 1906: 49; 1906: 61, pi. 2 fig. 8. post-orbital margin, and increasing in Onycocaris rhodope Kemp, 1922: 278. length slightly towards the anterior end of Periclimenaeus rhodope Bruce, 1975a: 1558- the lamina. The tip of the rostrum is acute 1561, figs. 1-2, 3a,b, 7a,b. and the ventral margin almost straight, with Material Examined.—Stn. 9459, H°18.0'N, 51° a small acute tooth distally beneath the 08.0'E to 11 °21.0'N, 51 °09.0'E, 14-16 fms, Gulf of Mexico shrimp trawl, 17 December 1964, 4 ninth dorsal tooth. The orbit is obsoles- specimens. cent but a feeble inferior orbital angle is present. Rudimentary supra-orbital tuber- Host.—Unidentified sponge. cles are present. The antennal spine is Remarks.—The specimens have a rostral slender and acute. The anterolateral angle dentition of 7-9/1, and agree closely with of the carapace is obtusely rounded. The the recent redescription of the type ma- first abdominal segment bears an antero- terial of this species (Bruce, 1975a). medial dorsal lobe. The pleura of the first five segments are broadly rounded. The Distribution.—Previously known only from sixth segment is about 1.5 times longer the type locality Djibouti, Gulf of Aden. than deep, with the posterior lateral angle Periclimenaeus minutus acute and the postero-ventral angle blunt. Holthuis The telson is broad, twice as long as wide, Periclimenaeus minutus Holthuis, 1952: pp. 14, 117 (key), 134-137, figs. 57-59.—Johnson, tapering strongly posteriorly with convex 1961: p. 76, tab. 1.—Bruce, 1970: p. 310. lateral margins. The dorsal aspect bears Material Examined.—Stn. 9442, 09°33.0'N, 50° two pairs of short spines, remote from the 59.0'E to 09°36.0'N, 51°01.0'E, 40-44 fms, Gulf margin, at 1.8 and 5.5 of the length. The of Mexico shrimp trawl, 16 December 1964, 1 posterior margin is convex, one third of ovig. $. the greatest width, with three pairs of Host.—Unidentified sponge. spines. The lateral spines are very small, 122 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978

—

'Kb

Figure 1. Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, holotype. Scale in mm. and inflected. The intermediate spines of about eight segments. Fourteen groups are robust, equal to about one sixth of the of aesthetascs are present. The statocyst telson length; the submedian spines are is normally developed with a granular stato- plumose for the proximal three quarters lith. and are more slender and slightly longer The antennule is normal. The basicerite than the intermediate spines. is robust, unarmed, and without a dorsal The antennule slightly exceeds the tip of flange. The carpocerite is about 3.5 times the rostrum and the scaphocerite. The longer than wide, 0.6 of the length of the proximal segment is about 1.7 times longer scaphocerite, which is 2.5 times longer than than the base. The medial border is broad, with the greatest width at half the straight, with a ventral medial spine. The length. The lateral margin is straight with lateral margin tapers strongly distally and a well developed disto-lateral spine, which is markedly concave. The disto-lateral cor- is distinctly exceeded by the rounded an- ner is distinctly produced and bears a long terior margin of the lamella. The flagella slender lateral spine that reaches to two are damaged. thirds of the length of the intermediate seg- The mouthparts are typical of the genus. ment. The stylocerite is short and broad, The mandible is moderately slender and about 1.5 times longer than wide, and without a palp. The incisor process is re- acutely pointed distally. The intermediate duced, slender and tapering to a single and distal segments are short and broad, acute distal tooth. The medial edge bears subequal in length, together equal to about four minute denticles. The molar process two thirds of the proximal segment and is robust, obliquely truncate distally, with without special features. The lower fla- broad low truncated teeth. The maxillula gellum is slender, filiform, with about 12 has the palp feebly bilobed, with two small segments. The short ramus consists of a crochets on the larger lower lobe. The up- single free segment and the longer ramus per lacinia is moderately broad with eight BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 123

Figure 2. Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, holotype. A, anterior carapace, rostrum and antennae. B, rostrum. C, posterior carapace and first abdominal segment, dorsal view. D, antennule. E, an- tenna, F, telson. G, uropod. short stout simple spines distally, merging with the distal lobe larger and longer than with spiniform setae ventrally. The lower the proximal lobe, each with six simple lacinia is small, tapering strongly distally setae. The coxal margin is rounded medi- with four strong simple spines distally and ally, without an endite. The scaphocerite with setae along the dorsal and ventral mar- is about 3.3 times longer than broad, nar- gins. The maxilla has a well developed non- rowed anteriorly with the anterior lobe me- setose palp, tapering over the distal half dially concave. The first maxilliped has a of its length. The basal endite is bilobed, slender palp, bearing a single sparsely setu- 124 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 lose subterminal seta. The basal and coxal ated cutting edge bearing a series of low endites are fused, the basal portion being blunt teeth and a single acute tooth dis- produced and distally rounded with nu- tally. The fixed finger is similar but on a merous slender, feebly setulose setae. The much smaller scale. The fingers also bear medial border is sinuous, slightly convex several thick groups of short, densely plu- proximally with similar setae and also a sin- mose setae, (mainly omtted from fig. 3c). gle long densely setulose seta. The caridean The carpus is more slender than the palm, lobe is small, normally developed. A well tapering proximally, about 1.2 times the developed bilobed epipod is present. The length of the chela. The merus is simple, second maxilliped presents no special fea- slender, about 7.5 times longer than wide tures. The medial margin of the dactylar and 1.2 times the length of the carpus. The segment has numerous feebly armed spines. ischium is normal, half the length of the The coxal segment is produced medially merus. The basis is of similar length and and bears an elongated subrectangular epi- the coxa is robust. The basis and coxa are pod laterally. The third maxilliped has an ventrally produced to form a small process endopod that exceeds the carpocerite by the that opposes the fingers of the chela on length of the distal segment. The ischium flexion. and basis appear almost completely fused The second pereiopods are well devel- and the combined segment is about 3.5 oped, moderately unequal and also dissimi- times longer than broad, with the sides lar. The major pereiopod exceeds the an- subparallel. The penultimate segment is tennal peduncles by the chela and part of four times longer than wide, parallel sided, the carpus. The fingers are equal to about about 0.6 of the width of the ischio-meral half the palm length. The dactylus is thick- segment, about 0.8 of the length of the ened, three times longer than deep, with the antepenultimate segment. The terminal seg- greatest breadth beyond the mid-point. The ment is a little more than half the length tip bears a small hooked tooth and the of the penultimate, tapering distally to end cutting edge is straight, greatly thickened in a strong simple terminal spine. The me- and slightly excavate posteriorly, without dial margin of the endopod is fringed with teeth or a molar process, smooth ventrally long setae, grouped on the terminal segment, and with several spines and numerous setae where they are longest and sparsely setulose. dorsally. The fixed finger bears a strongly The coxal segment is not produced medi- hooked tip and the cutting edge is broadly ally, but is straight and without setae. A grooved longitudinally. The upper margin rounded epipod is present laterally and a of the groove is straight, with an acute small arthrobranch. All maxillipeds have tooth proximally. The lower margin is well developed exopods with robust flagella feebly tuberculate. The palm is twice as bearing four long plumose terminal setae, long as wide, tapering distally. The ventral with 5-6 short additional setae. aspect is convex and smooth. The dorsal The first pereiopods are slender and aspect is markedly flattened and covered exceed the carpocerite by a fourth of the with long acute erect spines and numerous length of the merus. The chela is sub- long simple setae. The carpus is short and cylindrical, slightly compressed, with the stout, expanded distally, equal to about palm three times longer than deep. The one third of the palm length and with a few fingers are short, about 0.3 of the palm acute spines on its dorso-lateral aspect. The length. The dactylus is very robust and merus is robust, 1.6 times longer than wide, extensively over-reaches the fixed finger. 0.4 times the length of the palm, with nu- The lateral margin is semi-circular, ending merous short acute spines along the ventral in a stout acute tooth, the inner aspect is aspect. The ischium is short and stout, deeply subspatulate, with a laterally situ- tapering strongly proximally, about 0.8 of BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 125

Figure. 3. Periclimenaeus spinimanus Bruce, holotype. A, first pereiopod. B, chela of first pereiopod. C, fingers of chela of first pereiopod, medial aspect. D, rostral basio-coxal processes of first pereiopod. E, major second pereiopod. F, fingers of major second pereiopod. G, minor second pereiopod. H, fingers of minor second pereiopod. I, fourth pereiopod. J, propod and dactyl of fourth pereiopod. K, distal propod and dactyl of fourth pereiopod. the merus length and with a few small half the length of the palm, 2.6 times acute spines disto-ventrally. The minor longer than deep, moderately compressed pereiopod is distinictly smaller with the with the outer margin strongly convex, with chela subequal to the length of the palm of a few acute spines proximally. The tip is the major chela. The dactylus is almost strongly hooked, compressed and feebly 126 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 bidentate. The cutting edge is thickened Measurements.—Post-orbital carapace length, and irregular. The fixed finger is slightly 3.1 mm; major chela 5.0 mm; minor chela shorter, also feebly bidentate,with a smooth 3.5 mm. cutting edge bearing a single triangular tooth proximally, and with a shallow groove for Habitat.—No data. Depth 37-40 fm. the opposition of the dactylar cutting edge. Found free in trawl catch, presumably from The dorsal aspect of the palm, which is al- a sponge host. most twice as long as wide and tapers mod- Colouration.—Transparent, with golden erately distally, is also strongly flattened and cornea. covered with long acute spines. The carpus, merus and ischium are similar to those of Type.—The only specimen has been pre- the major pereiopod but are slightly smaller viously designated as the holotype and is and less robust. now deposited in the collection of the Smith- The third pereiopod is robust and ex- sonian Institution catalogue number USNM ceeds the carpocerite by two thirds of the 168529. carpus. The dactylus is short and stout, Distribution.—Known only from the holo- with a distinct unguis and a small acute type specimen, collected off Ras Asir, So- accessory spine. The ventral margins are malia. without additional accessory denticles. The Remarks.—A preliminary description of propod is about four times longer than this species has been previously given by broad and tapers distally. The ventral Bruce (1969). This report states that the border is armed with four stout spines and lateral telson spines are lacking, but they a larger, more robust ventral spine, which are in fact present, although small and me- reaches to the dactylar accessory spine, is dially inclined. Also the absence of supra- also present. The carpus, merus and is- orbital spines was recorded but not the chium are all unarmed. The fourth pereio- presence of small supra-orbital tubercles. pod is more slender. The dactylus is Periclimenaeus spinimanus is most re- similar, with a stronger accessory spine. markable by the highly developed spinula- The propod is also four times longer than tion of the flattened dorsal aspect of the wide, with similar but weaker ventral spin- palms of the chelae of the second pereio- ulation, but five ventral spines are present pods. In no other species of the genus is instead of four. The carpus is 0.7 and the this feature so well marked. Other note- merus is 1.2 of the propod length. The worthy features include the anteromedian ischium is subequal to the propod length. lobe on the first abdominal tergite. This In the fifth pereiopod, the dactylus is feature has also been reported in P. ardeae stouter with a longer accessory spine. The and P. lobijerus (Bruce, 1970; in press, b). propod is 5.5 times longer than broad, with P. spinimanus can be readily separated from three ventral and one disto-ventral spines. P. ardeae by the first pereiopods, which The appendix maculina is short, half the have the fingers subequal to the palm length of the appendix interna, and bears length, with a characteristic dense tuft of two long simple spines only. setae on the outer aspect of the dactylus The protopod of the uropod is unarmed in the latter species. The chelae of the sec- laterally. The exopod is broad, twice as ond pereiopods are spinulate but the spines long as wide, with a convex unarmed lat- are short in comparison with P. spinimanus, eral margin terminating in an acute tooth more in the form of acute tubercles. with a single mobile spine medially. The Periclimenaeus spinimanus is most endopod is narrower and slightly exceeds closely related to P. lobiferus, known only the exopod, both passing slightly beyond from the holotype specimen collected off the tip of the telson. Nosi Be, Madagascar. P. lobiferus has BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 127 longer dorsal rostral teeth, lacks a ventral of an unarmed carpus on the second pereio- rostral tooth and supra-orbital tubercles; pods. the first pereiopod is short and stout, with the fingers of the chela equal to one half Distribution.—Known from the Red Sea; of the palm, with the fingers less subspatu- Persian Gulf; Gulf of Manaar; Seychelle late; the second pereiopods have the palm Islands; Mocambique Channel; Tanzania; only feebly spinulate and the major chela Kenya; Indonesia; Marshall, Gilbert and has the fingers provided with a molar pro- Samoan Islands; and the Great Barrier cess and fossa. The dactyl of the minor Reef. chela has a sharper cutting edge with an acute tooth proximally. The third pereio- Genus Ischnopontonia Bruce, 1966 pod has a more heavily spinose propod and Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard) the dactyl has the ventral border of the Restricted synonymy: Philarius lophos Barnard, 1962: pp. 242-243, fig. 2.—Bruce, 1966b: corpus feebly tuberculate, in addition to pp. 585, 587, 598. the accessory spine. The mouth parts are Ischnopontonia lophos Bruce, 1966b: pp. 585- generally similar in the two species. 597, figs. 1-5; 1971a: pp. 19-20, 22; 1972a: pp. 401, 402, 409, 413 (key).—Hipeau-Jac- quotte, 1973: p. 114, fig. 5.—Kensley, 1974: Genus Philarius Holthuis 1952 p. 75.—Bruce, in press (a, b, d). Material examined.—(1) Mounimeri Is., Mayotte, Philarius gerlachei (Nobili) Comoro Islands, lagoon reef, 1.0 m, 23 November 1964, 5 spms. (3 ovig. 9 ). (2) Pamanzi Is., May- Restricted synonymy: Harpilius gerlachei No- otte, Comoro Islands, lagoon, 2.0 m, 24 November bili, 1905: p. 160; 1906: p. 45, pi. 4, fig. 10. 1964, 3 $, 8 9 (2 ovig. 9). (3) Mounimeri Is., Harpilius gerlachei Kemp, 1922: pp. 229 (key), Mayotte, Comoro Islands, lagoon, 1.0 m, 25 No- 238-239, figs. 74-75. Armstrong, 1941: 12. vember 1964, 1 ovig. 9. (4) Aldabra Island, edge Philarius gerlachei Holthuis, 1952: 15; 1953: of main lagoon outflow, 0.5 m, 3 December 1964, 57.—Patton, 1966: 276, 288, tab. 1, 290, 7 spms. (1 ovig. 9). (5) idem, central lagoon, tab. 2.—Bruce, 1972a: 406, 407, 413 (key); 1.0 m, 4 December 1964, I $,2 ovig. 9. (6) Cerf in press, e. Is., Mahe, Seychelle Islands, sheltered reef, 1.0 m, nec Philarius gerlachei Holthuis, 1952: 152-153, 11 December 1964, 2 $, 2 ovig. 9- fig. 69. Hosts. Material Examined.—Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, Co- —All specimens collected from the moro Islands, 1.0 m, 24 November 1964, 1 $, coral Galaxea fascicular is (L.) [Scleractinia: 1 9. Oculinidae]. Host.—Acropora sp. [Scleractinia: Acro- Remarks.—The localities have been pre- poridae]. viously cited in Bruce (1966). Many of the specimens were collected in association Remarks.—Both specimens had eight dor- with the alpheid shrimp Racilius compres- sal and a single ventral rostral tooth. The sus Paulson. carpus of the second pereiopods was also unarmed. Colour noted in life as "Al- Distribution.—Common and widespread in most colourless, with a few white markings the western Indian Ocean, extending to the only and with a yellow dorsal line down South China Sea and the Australian Great carapace and along eyestalks. Scattered Barrier Reef. yellow dots around bases of antennal peduncles." Genus Platycaris Holthuis, 1952 The specimens were found in association Platycaris latirostris Holthuis with several Jocaste japonica. Restricted synonymy: Platycaris latirostris Hol- thuis, 1952: pp. 16, 173-176, figs. 85-86.— Kemp (1922) gives the rostral dentition Barnard, 1962: pp. 243.—Bruce, 1966a, pp. of this species as 3-5/1, generally 4/1, so 1-8, figs. 1-5; 1972a: pp. 401, 402, 409, 413 (key).—Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1973: pp. 114.— that the number of dorsal rostral teeth in Bruce, in press (a, e). the present specimens is high. The identi- Material Examined.—(1) Moroni, Grande Co- fication is based primarily on the presence more, Comoro Islands, 3.0 m, 2 November 1964, 128 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 coll. R. U. Gooding, I $, 1 ovig. ?. (2) Pamanzi The Farquhar Island specimens were Is., Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 2.0 m, 24 November 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 2 $, 2 ovig. 5- (3) noted in life as "Body finely speckled all Aldabra Is., edge of main channel, 0.5 m, 3 De- over with fine dark red dots, which tend cember 1964, 1 5,1 ovig. ?. (4) Victoria Har- bour, Mahe, Seychelle Islands, 1.0 m, 9 December to form a longitudinal pattern over the ab- 1964, 1 spm. (5) Cerf Island, Mahe, Seychelle Is- domen, with the addition of small white lands, 1.0 m, 11 December 1964, 1 $, I 2- dots over the pleura. Fine longitudinal rows Hosts.—All specimens were obtained from of black dots along the chelae, with a few the coral Galaxea fascicular is (L.) [Scler- white dots interspersed. Caudal fan with actinia: Oculinidae]. small red dots only." Remarks.—Specimens were frequently found Distribution.—Common in the western In- in host colonies in association with the al- dian Ocean in pocilloporine coral hosts. Re- pheid shrimp Racilius compressus Paulson corded from the Red Sea to Hawaii and and also Ischnopontonia lophos (Barnard). also from Pitcairn. Previously recorded from Mahe and Coetivy in the Seychelle Distribution.—Previously recorded only from Flores, Indonesia (type locality), Zan- Islands by Kemp (1922) and Borradaile zibar, Tanganyika and Kenya, Madagascar (1917), and from Farquhar Island by and the Seychelle Islands. Bruce (1974a). Genus Harpiliopsis Borradaile, 1917 Harpiliopsis depressa Stimpson Restricted synonymy: Harpilius depressus Harpiliopsis beaupresii (Audouin) Stimpson, 1860: p. 38.—Kemp, 1922: pp. 226, 228 (key), 229-231, 232, 233, 240, figs. Restricted synonymy: Palaemon beaupresi Au- 67-68.—Barnard, 1950: p. 79b, fig. 151 a-e. douin, 1825: p. 91. Harpiliopsis depressus Borradaile, 1917: pp. Harpiliopsis beaupresi Borradaile, 1917: pp. 324, 380, pi. 56 fig. 22.—Holthuis, 1951: 324, 379, pi. 55 fig. 21.—Holthuis, 1952: pp. 69, 70-75, pi. 21, pi. 22 a-f; 1952: pp. pp. 16, 181-182, fig. 89 (full synonymy).— 16, 182-184, fig. 90.—Patton, 1966: pp. 277, Bruce, 1972a: pp. 401, 403, 404, 405, 408, 288 tab. 1, 290 tab. 2, 291 tab. 3, 292.— 413 (key).—Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1973, p. 104, Bruce, 1972a: pp. 400, 401, 404, 405, 409, fig. 5. 414 (key); in press, c. Harpilius beaupresi Kemp, 1922: pp. 226, 228 (key), 229-231, figs. 67-68. Material Examined.—(1) Latham Island, Zanzi- Harpiliopsis beaupresii Patton, 1966: pp. 276, bar, 2 m, 20 November 1964, 1 ovig. 2- (2) Pa- 288 tab. 1, 290 tab. 2, 291 tab. 3.—Bruce, manzi Island, Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 0.5 m, 1974c: p. 194, fig. 3. 24 November 1964, 3 spms. (1 ovig. 2). (3) Harpiliopsis beaupressi Patton, 1974: pp. 221, Bandeli Is., Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 0.5 m, 223-226 tab. 1, 233, 239, 241, figs. 1-2. 26 November 1964, 1 2. (4) Moroni, Grande Comore, Comoro Islands, 2.0 m, 27 November Material Examined.—(1) Aldabra Is., inner la- 1964, 5 spms. (1 ovig. 2 )• (5) Aldabra Is., cen- goon, 4 December 1964, 2 ovig. 2- (2) Farquhar tral lagoon, 2 m, 4 December 1964, 1 $, 4 2 Is., lagoon, 6 December 1964, 1 ovig. 2- (3) (2 ovig. 2). (6) Gold Mohur Bay, Aden, 1.5 Resource Is., St. Joseph Atoll, Amirante Islands, m, 21 December 1964, 1 spm. reef edge, 8 December 1964, 1 $, 1 ovig. 2 • (4) Anse Royale, Mahe, Seychelle Islands, edge Hosts.—Pocillopora damicornis of reef flat, 10 December 1964, 1 $. (5) idem, (L.) (6); 1 ovig. 2. (6) Gold Mohur Bay, Aden, 1 m. 21 P. ligulata (Dana) (4); P. verrucosa (Ellis December 1964, 3 spms. & Solander) (1); Stylophora pistillata Hosts.—Stylophora pistillata (Esper) (1) (Esper) (7); Seriatopora angulata Klunzin- (3) (4) (6); Pocillopora damicornis (L.) ger (5), Seriatopora sp. (3). [Scleractinia: (2); Seriatopora ?acuta (5). [Scleractinia: Pocilloporidae]. Pocilloporidae]. Remarks.—The colour pattern of the live Remarks.—The Gold Mohur Bay speci- Latham Island specimen was noted as "Cara- mens were found in association with H. pace generally a pale olive green, longitudi- depressa specimens. nally streaked with numerous fine lines of BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 129 small dark brown dots. Rostrum bright ovig. $, 2 juv. (2) Aldabra Is., central lagoon, yellow, also the distal and medial borders 4 December 1964, \ $,2 ovig. ?. of the scaphocerite. Antennal peduncles as Hosts.—Seriatopora sp. (1); Stylophora pis- carapace, but a conspicuous line of dark tillata (Esper) (2). [Scleractinia: Pocil- brown runs along the middle of proximal loporidae]. segment of antennular peduncle. Abdomen as carapace, but darker green, similarly Remarks.—Colour noted as "Mainly trans- streaked, but with a darker streak along parent, with fine dark red striae all over the upper margin of the pleura and median the body. Antennal peduncles with red streak on the third segment. The abdomi- central and lateral longitudinal bands. Che- nal segments become increasingly yellow lae finely dotted with dark red. Rostrum posteriorly and are brightest at the base of distal scaphocerite, distal margin of eye- the caudal fan. The dorsum of the third stalk and fingers of chelae bright orange- segment bears an anchor-shaped yellow red. Numerous small white chromatophores mark. The pleura also bear a distinct ven- over body and caudal fan. tral submarginal band of yellow on the first The Aldabra specimens were found in four segments. The basal third of the cau- association with H. depressa. dal fan is bright yellow, the intermediate third dark red and the distal third white, Distribution.—Originally described from slightly bluish on the endopod. The che- Samoa and known with certainty, due to lae of the second pereiopods are yellow- confusion with H. depressa, only from Dar green, minutely dotted with yellow and es Salaam, Tanzania; Malindi, Kenya; Re- black; the fingers are yellow. Ambulatory mire Is., Seychelle Islands; the Maldive and pereiopods banded with yellow, dactyls or- Andaman Islands, and Mamudju, Celebes. ange." The specimen from the island of Farqu- Genus Cavicheles Holthuis, 1952 har was similarly coloured. The rostrum Cavicheles kempi Holthuis has a dentition of 7/4, the two posterior Cavicheles kempi Holthuis, 1952, pp. 171, 205- spines are situated on the carapace and ap- 208, figs. 99-101; 1955, p. 70, fig. 43a.— pear mobile. Bruce, 1966c, pp. 266-269, figs. 1-2; 1972a, pp. 405, 414 (key); (in press, e). Distribution.—Common and widespread Material Examined.—(1) Pamanzi Is. reef, throughout the whole Indo-West Pacific re- Zaoudzi, He Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 24 Novem- ber 1964, 1 coll. R. U. Gooding (coral wash- gion extending to the Galapagos Islands and ings). (2) Mounimeri Is. reef, Zaoudzi, lie May- western shores of America from Lower otte, Comoro Islands, 25 November 1964, 1 9, California to Colombia. Previously recorded coll. R. U. Gooding (coral washings). from the Seychelle Islands (Borradaile, Remarks.—The two specimens have been 1917; Bruce, in press, c). previously reported upon and illustrated in Bruce (1966). The specimens were found Harpiliopsis spinigera (Ortmann) in association with examples of Jocaste japonica (Ortmann). Anchistia spinigera Ortmann, 1899: p. 511, pi. 36 fig. 23.—Kemp, 1922: pp. 228, 231. Harpilius depressa var. gracilis Kemp, 1922: Host.—Acropora sp. [Scleractinea: Acro- pp. 228 (key), 234-235, fig. 71. poridae]. Harpiliopsis depressa var. spinigerus Holthuis, 1952: pp. 16, 182, 184-185. Distribution.—Initially rreported from Hal- Harpiliopsis sp. Bruce, 1974c: pp. 194. Harpiliopsis spinigera Bruce, 1975b, p. 27; in mahera Island, in the Moluccan Archipel- press, c. ago and subsequently from the Comoro Is- Material Examined.—(1) Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, lands. Otherwise only recorded from Comoro Islands, 1.0 m, 24 November 1964, 1 Kenya, Tanganyika, and Zanzibar. 130 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 Jocaste 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 2 $, I ovig. 2- (3) Genus Holthuis, 1952 Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, Comoro Islands, lagoon, 24 November 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 34 spms. Jocaste lucina (Nobili) (14 ovig. 2), several host colonies. (4) Idem, 6 Restricted synonymy: Coralliocaris lamelliros- spms. (2 ovig. 2 )• (5) Idem, 1.0 m, 1 $, 1 ovig. tris Stimpson, 1860: 38. 2. (6) Mounimeri Is., Mayotte, Comoro Is- Coralliocaris lucina Nobili, 1901: p. 5; 1906: lands, lagoon, 2.0 m, 25 November 1964, 1 spm. p. 57.—Borradaile, 1971: p. 384.—Tatter- (7) Aldabra Is., main lagoon channel edge, 1.0 sall, 1921: p. 390.—Kemp, 1922: pp. 276- m, 3 December 1964, IS, 2 ovig. 2- (8) Idem, 278, fig. 102; 1925: p. 322. main lagoon, 1 ovig. 2. (9) Idem, inner lagoon, 1 Jocaste lucina Holthuis, 1952: pp. 17, 193-195, 8, 1 ovig. 2. (10) Idem, 2 2- fig. 94 (partim).—Patton, 1966: pp. 278- 279, tab. 1-2, fig. 3a.—Bruce, 1969b: pp. Hosts.—All specimens were obtained from 299-301, fig. 2; 1972a: pp. 405, 406, 407, coral colonies of the genus Acropora, in- 408, 414 (key); 1974c: pp. 199-200, fig. 8; cluding Acropora humilis (Dana) (1), A. in press (a, b). eurystoma (Klunzinger) (4) and A. squar- Material Examined.—(1) Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, rosa (Ehrenberg) (9). [Scleractinia: Ac- Comoro Islands, lagoon, 24 November 1964, 16 spms. (10 ovig. 2). (2) Idem, 6 spms. (2 ovig. roporidae] . 2). (3) Mounimeri Is., Mayotte, Comoro Is- lands, lagoon, 2 m, 25 November 1964, 27 spms, Remarks.—The Latham Is., Aldabra and many ovig. 2. (4) Aldabra Island, main out- Comoro Islands localities have been previ- flow edge, 2 m, 3 December 1964, \ 8,2 ovig. 2. (5) Idem, main lagoon, 2 m, 2 $. (6) Idem, ously cited in Bruce (1969b). As men- main lagoon, 1.0 m, 4 December 1964, 1 8, 1 2- tioned above, this species and /. lucina are (7) Gold Mohur Bay, 4 m, 21 December 1964, frequently found in association on the same 6 spms. (2 ovig. 2 )• coral hosts. The association of this species Hosts.—All specimens were obtained from with Acropora eurystoma and A. squarrosa corals of the genus Acropora including A. has not been previously recorded. palifera (Lam.) (6), A. variabilis (Klun- Distribution.—Common in the western In- zinger) (7). [Scleractinia: Acroporidae]. dian Ocean but not recorded from the Red Remarks.—The Comoro Islands and Aden Sea or Persian Gulf, as far east as the Mar- localities have been previously cited in shall Islands and New Caledonia. Bruce (1969b). This species is frequently found in the same host colonies as the only Genus Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860 other species of the genus, J. japonica. Coralliocaris graminea (Dana) Restricted synonymy: Oedipus gramineus Dana, Distribution.—Common and widespread 1852, p. 25; 1855, pi. 37 fig. 3. throughout most of the Indo-West Pacific Coralliocaris graminea Stimpson, 1860, p. 38.— region from the Red Sea to Tahiti, exclud- Ortmann, 1894, p. 16. Miers, 1884, p. 563. —Lenz, 1905, p. 381.—Borradaile, 1917, p. ing Hawaii and Japan. Kemp, 1922; pp. 269-272, figs. 96-97.— Balss, 1924, p. 48; 1925: p. 294; Barnard, 1950: pp. 800-801.—Holthuis, 1952: pp. Jocaste japonica (Ortmann) 186-189, fig. 91; 1953: p. 58.—Patton, Restricted synonymy: Coralliocaris superba 1966, pp. 277, 288, 290, 292.—Miyake & var. Japonica Ortmann, 1890: p. 509. Fujino, 1968, pp. 400, 423, 431, fig. 7 a,c. Coralliocaris japonica Borradaile, 1917: pp. —Bruce, 1972a, pp. 400, 401, 402, 403, 404, 324, 384, pi. 56 fig. 23. 405, 406, 407, 408, 414.—Hipeau-Jacquotte, Jocaste lucina Holthuis, 1952: pp. 17, 193-195, 1973, p. 103, fig. 5.—Bruce, 1974a, pp. 222- fig. 94 (partim). 224, fig. 1 c-d; 1974 (b), pp. 262, 263, fig. 6. Jocaste japonica Patton, 1966: pp. 279-280, Material Examined.—(1) Aldabra, 3 December tabs. 1-2, fig. 3b.—Miyake & Fujino, 1968: 1964, 1 ovig. 2 ; 1 $,2 ovig. 2 • pp. 425-426, 431.—Bruce, 1969b: pp. 299, 300, fig. 1; 1972a: pp. 403, 405, 408, 414 Remarks.—Previously recorded in the west- (key); 1974c: pp. 198-199, fig. 7. ern Indian Ocean from Kenya, the Seychelle Material Examined.—(1) Latham Is., Zanzibar, Islands, Zanzibar, Dar es Salaam, Juan de reef edge, LWS tide level, 20 November 1964, 1 $, 3 ovig. 2. (2) Moroni, Grande Comore, Co- Nova and Tulear, but some of these records moro Islands, fringing reef, 2.0 m, 22 November may refer to specimens of C. viridis Bruce. BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 131 Host.—The specimens were obtained from Coralliocaris venusta Kemp Acropora colonies from the edge of the main Restricted synonymy: Coralliocaris venusta lagoon channel [Scleractinia: Acroporidae]. Kemp, 1922, pp. 274-276, figs. 100-101.— Holthuis, 1952, pp. 191-192, fig. 93.—Pat- ton, 1966, pp. 277-278, 288.—Bruce, 1972a, Distribution.—Probably common and wide- pp. 405, 416, 444; 1974b, p. 262, fig. 5; in spread throughout the Indo-West Pacific re- press (a, b, c, d, e). gion, but many of the recorded occurrences Host.—Acropora sp. [Scleractinia: Acro- probably refer to C. viridis Bruce. Absent poridae]. from the Hawaiian Islands. Remarks.—The rostral dentition varied 1/1, 1/0, 0/1 and 1/0. When present the Coralliocaris superba (Dana) ventral tooth is very small. Restricted synonymy: Oedipus superbus Dana, The colouration in life was noted 1852, p. 25; 1855, pi. 37 fig. 2. Coralliocaris superba Stimpson, 1860, p. 38.— "Mainly transparent, but with an opaque Borradaile, 1917, p. 383.—Kemp, 1922, pp. white band across the posterior margin of 269 (key), 272-274, figs. 98-99.—Kubo, 1940, pp. 67-70, figs. 30-32.—Holthuis, the third abdominal segment, another across 1952, pp. 189-191, fig. 92; 1953, pp. 58-59.— the base of the caudal fan and similarly Patton, 1966, pp. 277, 288, 290, 292.—Mi- across the distal third of the telson and uro- yake & Fujino, 1968, pp. 400, 424-425, 431, fig. 7 b,d.—Bruce, 1972a, pp. 400, 402, 403, pods, except at the outer margin of the 405, 406, 407, 414.—Hipeau-Jacquotte, 1973, exopod. Otherwise generally speckled with p. 104, fig. 5.—Bruce, 1974b, p. 262, fig. 3. dark red, almost black, especially on the Material Examined.—(1) Pamanzi Island, lie posterior abdominal segments. Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 24 November 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 3 (2 ovig. 2). (2) Mouni- Distribution.—Type locality, Cheval Paar, meri, Zaoudzi, lie Mayotte, Comoro Islands, 25 Gulf of Manaar. Also recorded from the November 1964, 1 $. Red Sea, Kenya; the Maldive and Ami- Host.—Acropora spp. [Scleractinia: Acro- rante Islands; the He Europa and Geyser poridae] . Reef, Mocambique Channel; Indonesia, the Remarks.—The rostral dentition varied Great Barrier Reef, and Samoa. from 2/2 to 5/2. The colouration was noted as "Rostrum, eyestalk, carapace and Genus Metapontonia Bruce, 1967 first four abdominal segments white. Fifth Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce and sixth abdominal segments greenish, Restricted synonymy: Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce, 1967a: pp. 24-30, figs. 9-12; finely dotted with blue-black. Caudal fan 1972a: p. 408; 1972e: pp. 1-5, fig. 1, pis. tipped with white, with a subterminal band 1-2; 1974c: pp. 196-197, fig. 5. of dark blue, preceded by area of isolated Material Examined.—(1) Pamanzi Is., Mayotte, blue-black dots. Scaphocerite rusty red, Comoro Islands, 4 m, coll. R. U. Gooding, 25 with the black dots along medial edge. Che- November 1964, 1 holotype, USNM 112941. lae of second pereiopods yellowish white Host.—Fungia sp. [Scleractinia: Fungi- with pale purple fingers and large blue id ae] . black spots along the medial aspects. Am- Remarks.—This shrimp has subsequently bulatory pereiopods reddish but with the been found in association with several non- blue black dots along the dorsal margins. fungiid coral hosts, including Hydnophora Distribution.—Common and widespread and Goniastrea spp. and also the fungiid throughout the whole Indo-West Pacific re- Halomitra sp. gion, from the Red Sea to the Society Is- Distribution.—Not recorded from outside lands. the western Indian Ocean. At present 132 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978 known from the Comoro Islands, Maziwi should be referred to De Man's species and Is., Tanganyika; Jadini, Kenya and Farqu- not P. lutescens. The two species may be har Is., Seychelles Islands. readily separated in the field by their characteristic colour patterns (Bruce, 1975b) Genus Propontonia Bruce, 1969 and their host preferences, as well as by Propontonia pellucida Bruce morphological features (Bruce, 1972b). Propontonia pellucida Bruce, 1969a: pp. 142- Pocillopora spp. are the normal hosts. 149, figs. 1-5.—Bruce, 1975b: p. 24; in press, Distribution.—Uncertain, due to confusion a. with P. lutescens, but probably widespread Material Examined.—(1) Moroni, Grande Co- more, Comoro Islands, 2.0 m, 22 November 1964, throughout the Indo-West Pacific. Re- coll. R. U. Gooding, 2 spms. (2) Mounimeri Is., corded so far from the Comoro Islands, Comoro Islands, 2.0 m, 23 November 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 5 spms. (3) Pamanzi Is., May- Kenya, and Indonesia. otte, Comoro Islands, 2.0 m, 25 November 1964, coll. R. U. Gooding, 3 spms. DISCUSSION Hosts.—All specimens were obtained from The Ninth Cruise of the R/V ANTON large fleshy alcyonarians (#RU-268, #RU- BRUUN in the western Indian Ocean, from 280, #RU-280), probably Sarcophyton or Mombasa to Aden, via the Comoro Islands Lobophyton spp. [Alcyonacea]. and the Seychelle Islands, obtained mate- Remarks.—The colour in the field was rial representing 45 species of the palae- noted as "Completely transparent." All monid subfamily Pontoniinae, one of which, specimens are rather macerated, but agree Periclimenaeus spinimanus, represented an closely with the previously available infor- undescribed species. Most shrimps of this mation. The type specimens were found in subfamily live in permanent obligatory as- association with Sarcophyton crassicaule sociations with other marine invertebrates Moser and the Kenyan specimens with S. after the end of their planktonic larval life. elegans Moser. The species of Palaemonella collected and many of the species of Periclimenes, two Distribution.—Previously known only from of the unspecialized genera of the subfam- Remire Is., Amirante Islands (type locality), ily, are free-living species, probably mainly and Malindi, Kenya. micropredators. All the genera dealt with in the present report are considered to be Genus Periclimenes Costa 1844 "commensal" species, although the hosts of some species are still poorly known and Periclimenes consobrinus (De Man) much further information is desirable. The Restricted synonymy: Periclimenes lutescens Bruce, 1971b: pp. 2, 5 (partim); 1972a: p. associations of the various species are sum- 404. marized below: Periclimenes consobrinus Bruce, 1972b: pp. 403, 409, 412 (key), fig. lb; 1975b: p. 27, FREE-LIVING Palaemonella tenuipes, P. ro- fig. 16. SPECIES tumana (Borr.) (= P. vestigi- alis Kemp), Periclimenes petit- Material Examined.—Moroni, Grande Comore, thouarsi, P. grandis, P. elegans, Comoro Islands, 27 November 1964, 1 $. P. spiniferus, P. seychellensis, Host.—Pocillopora hemprichi P. antonbruunii [20%] (Ehrenberg), PORIFERA Periclimenes incertus, Thau- [ Scleractinia: Pocilloporidae ]. mastocaris streptotus, Pericli- menaeus rhodope, P. minutus, Remarks.—Prior to 1972 P. consobrinus P. spinimanus [11.1%] was considered a synonym of P. lutescens GORGONACEA Periclimenes latipollex [2.2%] auct. (Holthuis, 1952). Subsequent reex- ALCYONACEA Propontonia pellucida [2.2%] amination of this specimen, referred to in ACTINIARIA Periclimenes brevicar palis, P. part 1 of this report (p. 5) indicated that it inornatus [4.4%] BRUCE: PONTONUN I D SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 133

SCLERACTINIA Periclimenes lutescens, P. con- 4. Not extending further east than the Marshall, sobrinus, P. diversipes, P. ma- Gilbert and Ellice, and Samoan Islands: hei, Philarius gerlachei, Ischno- Palaemonella tenuipes, Periclimenes brevi- pontonia lophos, Platycaris carpalis, P. inornatus, Anchistus demani, latirostris, Harpiliopsis beau- Thaumastocaris streptotus, Philarius ger- presii, H. depressa, H. spini- lachei, Harpiliopsis spinigera, Jocaste ja- gera, Cavicheles kempi, Jocaste ponica, Coralliocaris venusta. japonica, J. lucina, Corallio- 5. Extending as far as the Hawaiian and Tua- caris graminea, C. superba, C. motu Islands: venusta, Metapontonia fungi- Palaemonella rotumana, Periclimenes ensi- acola [37.7%] frons, P. spiniferus, P. soror, P. imperator, Anchistus miersi, Conchodytes meleagrinae, LAMELLI- Paranchistus ornatus, Anchistus C. tridacnae, Harpiliopsis beaupresii, H. de- BRANCHIA demani, A. miersi, Concho- pressa, Jocaste lucina, Coralliocaris grami- dytes meleagrinae, C. tridacnae nea (?), C. superba. [28.8%] [11.1%] HOLOTHUROI- Periclimenes imperator [2.2%] Three species have ranges that also ex- DEA tend beyond the generally recognized limits ECHINOIDEA Periclimenes zanzibaricus of the Indo-West Pacific region. Harpili- [2.2%] opsis beaupresii has been found at Easter ASTEROIDEA Periclimenes soror [2.2%] Island (Holthuis, 1971), H. depressa oc- OPH1UROIDEA Periclimenes lanipes [2.2%] curs extensively from Lower California to ASCIDIACEA Periclimenaeus hecate [2.2%] Colombia (Holthuis, 1951) and Pericli- The Siboga Expedition, collecting in In- menes soror has been found in the Gulf of donesian waters for several years, collected Panama (Bruce, in press, f). None have a total of 54 species (Holthuis, 1952), many been found in the Atlantic region, but of which were also collected by the R/V Palaemonella rotumana has spread through ANTON BRUUN from the western Indian Ocean. Thus 24 species obtained from the the Suez Canal into the eastern Mediter- R/V ANTON BRUUN material were repre- ranean Sea (Holthuis and Gottlieb, 1958). sented in the Siboga catches, and many have ranges of distribution that extend well ACKNOWLEDGMENTS beyond Indonesia. The distribution rec- I would again like to express my gratitude to ords of most pontoniinid shrimps are too the National Science Foundation, which enabled sparse to enable their zoogeographical me to participate on the Ninth Cruise of the R/V ANTON BRUUN, and also to Dr. I. W. Wells for ranges to be accurately delineated but the the identification of many of the coral host speci- rough outlines are discernable and it is mens. clear that many species are of wide distribution, some extending throughout the LITERATURE CITED whole of the vast Indo-West Pacific region, Armstrong, I. C. 1941. The Caridea and Sto- and even beyond. On the information at matopoda of the second Templeton Crocker- present available, the species collected by American Museum Expedition to the Pa- the R/V ANTON BRUUN may be grouped cific Ocean. Amer. Mus. Novit. 1137: 1-14. as follows: Audouin, V. 1825. Explication sommaire des planches de Crustaces de l'Egypte et de la 1. Not known outside the western Indian Ocean: Periclimenes petitthouarsi, P. mahei; Paran- Syrie, publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny, mem- chistus ornatus; Periclimenaeus hecate (?), bre de l'lnstitute: offrent un expose des P. rhodope, P. spinimanus; Metapontonia caracteres naturels des genres avec la dis- fungiacola; Propontonia pellucida [17.7%] tinction des especes. Description de l'Egypte 2. Not known beyond the eastern Indian Ocean: ou receuil des observations et des recherches Periclimenes zanzibaricus. qui ont ete faites en Egypte pendent l'expe- 3. Not extending further east than Japan-Phil- dition de l'armee frangaise. Hist. Nat. 1: lipines-Indonesia-Great-Barrier Reef: Perclimenes grandis, P. elegans, P. brevicar- 77-98. palis, P. incertus, P. seychellensis, P. lati- Balss, H. 1924. Die Oxyrhynchen und Schlus- pollex, P. lanipes, P. diversipes, P. conso- steil. (Geographische Uebersicht der De- brinus, Periclimenaeus hecate (?). capoden Japans.) Ostasiatischen Decapoden, 134 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978

V. Arch. Naturg., 90 (A5): 20-84, figs. 1-2, Natantia, Pontoniinae). Zool. Meded., Lei- pi. 1. den 44: 159-175. . 1925. Macrura der Deutschen Tief- —. 1970. Further preliminary descriptions see-Expedition, 2. Natantia. Teil A. Wiss. of new species of the genus Periclimenaeus Ergebn. Valdivia Exped. 20: pp. 217-315, Borradaile, 1915 (Crustacea, Decapoda Na- figs. 1-75, pis. 20-28. tantia, Pontoniinae). Zool. Meded., Leiden Barnard, K. H. 1950. Descriptive Catalogue 44: 305-306. of South African Decapod Crustacea. Ann. —. 1971a. Records of some rare pon- S. Afr. Mus. 38: 1-837, figs. 1-154. toniid shrimps from Australian waters, with . 1955. Additions to the Fauna-List of remarks upon the mouthparts of some spe- South African Crustacea and Pycnogonida. cies of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1844. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 43: 1-107, figs. 1-53. Zool. Verhand., Leiden 114: 1-32, figs. 1-9. . 1962. New records of marine crusta- —. 1971b. Pontoniinid Shrimps from the cea from the East African region. Crustace- Ninth Cruise of the R/V Anton Bruun, ana 3: 239-245, figs. 1-2. I.I.O.E., 1964: I. Palaemonella Dana and Borradaile, L. A. 1898. A revision of the Pon- Periclimenes Costa. Smithsonian Contrib. toniidae. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 7, 2: Zool. 82: 1-13, fig. 1. 376-391. —. 1972a. A review of information on . 1917. On the Pontoniinae. The Percy the coral hosts of commensal shrimps of the Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean sub-family Pontoniinae, Kingsley, 1874 in 1905, under the leadership of Mr. J. Stan- (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Proc. ley Gardiner. Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool., Symp. Corals and Coral Reefs, 1969. Mar. ser. 2, 17: 323-396, pis. 52-57. Biol. Ass. India, 399-418, figs. 1-2. —. 1972b. Shrimps that live on molluscs. Bruce, A. J. 1966a. Notes on some Indo-Pa- Sea Frontiers 18: 218-227, figs. 1-9. cific Pontoniinae, II. Platycaris latirostris —. 1972c. A report on a small collection Holthuis. Crustaceana 11: 1-9, figs. 1-5. of pontoniinid shrimps from Fiji, with the . 1966b. Notes on some Indo-Pacific Pon- description of a new species of Coralliocaris toniinae, XI. A re-examination of Philarius Stimpson. Pacific Sci. 26: 63-86, figs. 1-11. lophos Barnard, with the designation of a —. 1972d. Notes on some Indo-Pacific new genus Ischnopontonia. Bull. Mar. Sci. Pontoniinae, XVIII. A redescription of Pon- 16: 584-598, figs. 1-5. tonia minuta Baker, 1907, and the occurrence . 1966c. The rediscovery of Cavicheles of abbreviated development in the Pontoni- kempi Holthuis (Decapoda Natantia) in the inae (Decapoda Natantia, Palaemonidae). Comores. Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris, Crustaceana 23: 65-75, figs. 1-5. ser. 2, 38: 266-269, fig. 1. -—1972e. The occurrence of the shrimp . 1967a. Notes on some Indo-Pacific Metapontonia fungiacola Bruce (Crustacea, Pontoniinae, III-IX. Descriptions of some Decapoda, Pontoniinae) in Kenyan waters. new genera and species from the western In- J. East Afr. Nat. Hist. Soc. and Nat. Mus. dian Ocean and South China Sea. Zool. Ver- 134: 1-5, fig. 1, pis. 1-2. hand., Leiden 87: 1-73, figs. 1-29. —. 1973. The pontoniinid shrimps col- . 1967b. The results of the re-examina- lected by the Yale-Seychelles Expedition, tion of the type specimens of some pon- 1957-58, (Decapoda, Palaemonidae). Crus- toniid shrimps in the collection of the Mu- taceana 24: 132-142, figs. 1-2. seum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris. —. 1974a. Coralliocaris viridis sp. nov., a Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat., Paris, ser. 2, preliminary note (Decapoda Natantia, Pon- 39: 564-572. toniinae). Crustaceana 22: 222-224, fig. 1. . 1969a. Notes on some Indo-Pacific —. 1974b. Hidden Shrimps of the Coral Pontoniinae, XIII. Propontonia pellucida Reefs. Wildlife 16: 260-263, figs. 1-6. gsn. nov., sp. nov., a new shrimp from the —. 1974c. A report on a small collection Amirante Islands. Crustaceana 17: 141- of pontoniinid shrimps from the Island of 150, figs. 1-5. Farquhar. Crustaceana 27: 189-203, figs. . 1969b. Observations upon the host 1-8, specificity and distribution of Jocaste japon- —. 1975a. Observation on some speci- ica (Ortmann) and Jocaste lucina (Nobili) mens of the genus Periclimenaeus Borradaile (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae). Crusta- (Decapoda Natantia, Pontoniinae) origi- ceana 17: 298-302, figs. 1-2. nally described by G. Nobili. Bull. Mus. . 1969c. Preliminary descriptions of Natn. Hist. Nat., Paris, ser. 3, 258, Zoologie ten new species of the genus Periclimenaeus 180: 1557-1583, figs. 1-15. Borradaile, 1915, (Crustacea, Decapoda —. 1975b. Coral reef shrimps and their BRUCE: PONTON UN ID SHRIMPS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN 135

colour patterns. Endeavour 34: 23-27, figs. . 1952. The Decapoda of the Siboga 1-16. Expedition. Part IX. The Palaemomidae col- . 1975c. Shrimps that live on echino- lected by the Siboga and Snellius Expeditions, derms. Sea Frontiers 21: 44-53, figs. 1-10. with remarks on other species. II. Sub- . In press, a. A report on a small collec- family Pontoniinae. Siboga Exped. Mon. tion of shrimps from the Kenya National 39a10: 1-252, figs. 1-110, tab. 1. Marine Parks at Malindi, with notes on se- . 1953. Enumeration of the Decapod lected species. Zool., Verhand., Leiden. and Stomatopod Crustacea from Pacific Coral . In press, b. A report on a collection of Islands. Atoll Res. Bull. 24: 1-66. pontoniinid shrimps from Madagascar and . 1965. The recent genera of Caridean adjacent waters. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.). and Stenopodidean shrimps (Class Crusta- . In press, c. A report on some pontoni- cea, Order Decapoda, Supersection Natan- inid shrimps collected from the Seychelle Is- tia) with keys for their determination. Zool. lands by the F.R.V. Manihine, 1972, with a Verhand., Leiden 26: 1-157, figs. 1-105. review of the Seychelles pontoniinid shrimp fauna. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.). . 1972. The Crustacea Decapoda Ma- . In press, d. Pontoniine shrimps in the crura (the Alpheidae excepted) of Easter collections of the Australian Museum. Rec. Island. Zool. Meded., Leiden 46: 29-54, pis. Aust. Mus. 1-2. . In press, e. A synopsis of the pontoni- Holthuis, L. B. and E. Gottlieb. 1958. An an- inid shrimp fauna of Central East Africa. notated list of the Decapod Crustacea of the J. Mar. Biol. Ass. India. Mediterranean Coast of Israel, with an ap- . In press, f. Periclimenes soror Nobili, pendix listing the Decapoda of the Eastern a pontoniinid shrimp new to the American Mediterranean. Bull. Res. Counc. Israel 7B: fauna, with observations on its Indo-West 1-126, figs. 1-15, pis. 1-3. Pacific distribution. Tethys. Johnson, D. S. 1961. A synopsis of the Deca- CASTRO, P. 1971. The natantian shrimps pod Caridea and Stenopodidea of Singapore, (Crustacea, Decapoda) associated with inver- with notes on their distribution and a key tebrates in Hawaii. Pacific Sci. 25: 395- to the genera of Caridea occurring in Ma- 403. layan waters. Bull. Nat. Mus. Singapore, 30: Dana, J. D. 1852. Conspectus Crustaceorum 44-79, pi. 1. quae in Orbis Terrarum circumnavigatione, Kemp, S. 1922. Notes on the Crustacea Decap- Carolo Wilkes e Classe Reipublicae Foed- oda in the Indian Museum. XV. Pontoni- eratae Duce, lexit et descripsit. Proc. Acad. inae. Rec. Indian Mus. 24: 113-288, figs. Nat. Sci. Philad. 13: 1-62. 1-105, pis. 3-9. De Man, J. G. 1888. Bericht iiber die von Kensley, B. 1974. Type specimens of Decapoda Herrn Dr. J. Brock im indischen Archipel (Crustacea) in the collections of the South gesammelten Decapoden und Stomatopoden. African Museum. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 66: Arch. Naturgesch. 53: 215-600, pis. 7-22a. 55-80. Fankboner, P. V. 1972. On the association Kubo, I. 1940. Studies on the Japanese Palae- between the Pontonid shrimp Anchistus monoid shrimps. II. Pontoniinae. Journ. meirsi De Man (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) Imp. Fish. Inst., Tokyo 34: 31-75, figs. 1- and giant clams. Wassman J. Biol. 30: 35- 36. 42, figs. 1-3. Lenz, H. 1905. Ostafriknische Dekapoden und Hipeau-Jacquotte, R. 1973. Etude des cre- Stomatopoden gesammelt von Herrn Prof. vettes Pontoniinae (Palaemonidae) associees Dr. A. Voeltzkow. In: A. Voeltzkow, Wis- aux mollusques Pinnidae a Tulear (Madagas- senschaftliche Ergebnisse der Reisen in Mad- car). 3. Morphologie externe et morpholo- agaskar und Ostafrika in den Jahren 1889- gie des pieces buccales. Tethys, supp. 5, pp. 95, vol. III. Abh. Senckenb. naturf. Ges. 95-116, figs. 1-6. 27: 341-392, pis. 47-48. . 1974. Etude des crevettes Pontoniinae (Palaemonidae) associees aux mollusques Miers, E. J. 1884. Crustacea. Report of the Pinnidae a Tulear (Madagascar). Arch. Zoological Collections made in the Indo- Zool. Gen. Exper. 115: 359-386. Pacific Ocean during the voyage of H.M.S. Holthuis, L. B. 1951. The Subfamilies Eury- "Alert," 1881-2: 178-322, 513-575, pis. 18- rhynchinae and Pontoniinae. A general re- 35, 46-52. vision of the Palaemonidae (Crustacea De- Miyake, S., and T. Fujino. 1968. Pontoniinid capoda Natantia) of the Americas. II. Al- shrimps from the Palau Islands (Crustacea, lan Hancock Found. Publ., Occ. Pap. 11: 1- Decapoda, Palaemonidae). J. Fac. Agric., 332, figs. 1-63. Kyushu Imp. Univ. 10: 339-431, figs. 1-8. 136 BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 28, NO. 1, 1978

Nobili, G. 1901. Decapodi e Stomatopodi del stiitzung des Herrn Dr. Paul von Ritter aus- Museo Zoologico dell'Universita di Napoli. gefiihrt in den Jahren 1891-1893. V. Denk- Annu. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli 1: 1-20. schr. Naturw. Ges. Jena 8: 3-80, pis. 1-3. . 1904. Diagnoses preliminaires de Patton, W. K. 1966. Decapod Crustacea com- vingt-huit especes nouvelles de Stomatopodes mensal with Queensland branching corals. et Decapodes Macroures de la mer Rouge. Crustaceana 10: 271-295, figs. 1-3. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris 10: 228-238. . 1974. Community structure among . 1905. Decapodes nouveaux des cotes the animals inhabiting the coral Pocilliopora d'Arabie et du Golfe Persique. (Diagnoses damicornis at Heron Island, Australia. In: preliminaires.) Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris Vernberg, W. G., Symbiosis in the Sea. Belle 11: 158-164, fig. 1. W. Baruch Lib. Mar. Sci. 2: 219-243, figs. . 1906a. Crustacea Decapodes et Sto- 1-2, tabs. 1-4. matopodes. Mission J. Bonnier et Ch. Perez Peters, W. 1852. tjber Conchodytes, eine neue Golfe Persique, 1901). Bull. Sci. France in Muscheln lebende Gattung von Garneelen. Belg. 40: 13-159, pis. 1-11. Arch. Naturgesch. 18: 283-290. . 1906b. Faune carcinologique de la Stimpson, W. 1860. Prodromus descriptionis Mer Rouge. Decapodes et. Stomatopodes animalium evertebratorum, quae in Expedi- Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., ser. 9, 4: 1-347, figs. tione ad Oceanum Pacificum Septentrionalem, 1-12, pis. 1-11. a Republica Federata missa, C. Ringgold et Ortmann, A. 1890. Die Unterordnung Natan- J. Rodgers Ducibus, Observavit et descripsit. tia Boas. Die Decapoden-Kresbe des Strass- Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 1860: 22-48. burger Museums, mit besonderer Beriichti- Tattersall, W. M. 1921. Report on the Stomat- gung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan opoda and Macrurous Decapoda collected by und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten Mr. Cyril Crossland in the Sudanese Red Sea. und z.Z. in Strassburger Museum aufbewahr- J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.) 34: 345-398, pis. 27- ten Formen. II. Theil. Zool. Jb. Syst. 5: 28. 693-750, pi. 47. . 1894. Crustaceen. In: R. Semon, Zo- DATE ACCEPTED: November 15, 1976. ologische Forschungs reisen in Australien ADDRESS: Heron Island Research Station, Glad- und dem Malayischen Archipel. Mit Unter- stone, Queensland 4680, Australia.