Omaha Storm Chasers 2021 Game Information
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2018 SEASON in REVIEW Media Relations Contact IOWA - 50-88, 4Th AMERICAN NORTHERN DIVISION Shelby Cravens • [email protected]
IOWA CUBS GAME NOTES Triple-A Affiliate of the Chicago Cubs since 1981 2018 SEASON IN REVIEW MEDIA Relations Contact IOWA - 50-88, 4th AMERICAN NORTHERN DIVISION Shelby Cravens • [email protected] PCL REGULAR SEASON STANDINGS TAKE ME TO YOUR LEADER: Manager Marty Pevey became the win- AMERICAN NORTHERN PACIFIC NORTHERN ningest manager in Iowa Cubs history with an 11-inning 6-3 victory at TEAM W-L GB TEAM W-L GB Nashville on April 12. He surpassed former Iowa manager, Joe Sparks Oklahoma City 75-65 - Fresno 82-57 - with his 365th Iowa win, while also notching his 1,000th career minor Colorado Springs 73-66 1.5 Reno 72-68 10.5 league managerial win on the same night. Pevey ended the season with Omaha 66-74 9.0 Tacoma 66-73 16.0 a 394-449 record with Iowa and a 1,047-1,067 career mark. Pevey, in his IOWA 50-88 24.0 Sacramento 55-85 27.5 sixth season at the helm of the Iowa Cubs, was also selected to manage the PCL in the Triple-A All-Star Game. He led the league to a 12-7 victory AMERICAN SOUTHERN PACIFIC SOUTHERN over the International League. TEAM W-L GB TEAM W-L GB Memphis Redbirds* 83-57 - El Paso 85-57 - Nashville Sounds 72-68 11.0 Salt Lake 71-68 11.0 D-FENSE: The I-Cubs’ 96 errors in 2018 tied the 2016 squad for the few- New Orleans 69-70 13.5 Las Vegas 71-69 11.5 est in a season in franchise history. -
Bjarkman Bibliography| March 2014 1
Bjarkman Bibliography| March 2014 1 PETER C. BJARKMAN www.bjarkman.com Cuban Baseball Historian Author and Internet Journalist Post Office Box 2199 West Lafayette, IN 47996-2199 USA IPhone Cellular 1.765.491.8351 Email [email protected] Business phone 1.765.449.4221 Appeared in “No Reservations Cuba” (Travel Channel, first aired July 11, 2011) with celebrity chef Anthony Bourdain Featured in WALL STREET JOURNAL (11-09-2010) front page story “This Yanqui is Welcome in Cuba’s Locker Room” PERSONAL/BIOGRAPHICAL DATA Born: May 19, 1941 (72 years old), Hartford, Connecticut USA Terminal Degree: Ph.D. (University of Florida, 1976, Linguistics) Graduate Degrees: M.A. (Trinity College, 1972, English); M.Ed. (University of Hartford, 1970, Education) Undergraduate Degree: B.S.Ed. (University of Hartford, 1963, Education) Languages: English and Spanish (Bilingual), some basic Italian, study of Japanese Extensive International Travel: Cuba (more than 40 visits), Croatia /Yugoslavia (20-plus visits), Netherlands, Italy, Panama, Spain, Austria, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Mexico, Ecuador, Colombia, Guatemala, Canada, Japan. Married: Ronnie B. Wilbur, Professor of Linguistics, Purdue University (1985) BIBLIOGRAPHY March 2014 MAJOR WRITING AWARDS 2008 Winner – SABR Latino Committee Eduardo Valero Memorial Award (for “Best Article of 2008” in La Prensa, newsletter of the SABR Latino Baseball Research Committee) 2007 Recipient – Robert Peterson Recognition Award by SABR’s Negro Leagues Committee, for advancing public awareness -
Play Ball in Style
Manager: Scott Servais (9) NUMERICAL ROSTER 2 Tom Murphy C 3 J.P. Crawford INF 4 Shed Long Jr. INF 5 Jake Bauers INF 6 Perry Hill COACH 7 Marco Gonzales LHP 9 Scott Servais MANAGER 10 Jarred Kelenic OF 13 Abraham Toro INF 14 Manny Acta COACH 15 Kyle Seager INF 16 Drew Steckenrider RHP 17 Mitch Haniger OF 18 Yusei Kikuchi LHP 21 Tim Laker COACH 22 Luis Torrens C 23 Ty France INF 25 Dylan Moore INF 27 Matt Andriese RHP 28 Jake Fraley OF 29 Cal Raleigh C 31 Tyler Anderson LHP 32 Pete Woodworth COACH 33 Justus Sheffield LHP 36 Logan Gilbert RHP 37 Paul Sewald RHP 38 Anthony Misiewicz LHP 39 Carson Vitale COACH 40 Wyatt Mills RHP 43 Joe Smith RHP 48 Jared Sandberg COACH 50 Erik Swanson RHP 55 Yohan Ramirez RHP 63 Diego Castillo RHP 66 Fleming Baez COACH 77 Chris Flexen RHP 79 Trent Blank COACH 88 Jarret DeHart COACH 89 Nasusel Cabrera COACH 99 Keynan Middleton RHP SEATTLE MARINERS ROSTER NO. PITCHERS (14) B-T HT. WT. BORN BIRTHPLACE 31 Tyler Anderson L-L 6-2 213 12/30/89 Las Vegas, NV 27 Matt Andriese R-R 6-2 215 08/28/89 Redlands, CA 63 Diego Castillo (IL) R-R 6-3 250 01/18/94 Cabrera, DR 77 Chris Flexen R-R 6-3 230 07/01/94 Newark, CA PLAY BALL IN STYLE. 36 Logan Gilbert R-R 6-6 225 05/05/97 Apopka, FL MARINERS SUITES PROVIDE THE PERFECT 7 Marco Gonzales L-L 6-1 199 02/16/92 Fort Collins, CO 18 Yusei Kikuchi L-L 6-0 200 06/17/91 Morioka, Japan SETTING FOR YOUR NEXT EVENT. -
Kansas City Royals 26-Man Roster Last Updated: June
KANSAS CITY ROYALS 26-MAN ROSTER LAST UPDATED: JUNE 9, 2021 1985 & 2015 WORLD SERIES CHAMPIONS | 1980, 1985, 2014-15 AMERICAN LEAGUE CHAMPIONS | 1976-78, 1980, 1984-85 AMERICAN LEAGUE WEST CHAMPIONS | 2015 AMERICAN LEAGUE CENTRAL CHAMPIONS MANAGER: 22 Mike Matheny | BENCH: 6 Pedro Grifol | FIRST BASE: 18 Rusty Kuntz | PITCHING: 21 Cal Eldred | THIRD BASE: 25 Vance Wilson | BULLPEN: 34 Larry Carter | COACH: 39 Tony Peña Jr. | HITTING: 44 Terry Bradshaw | COACH: 47 John Mabry # PITCHERS (14+2) B/T HT WT DOB BIRTHPLACE ALPHABETICAL ROSTER NUMERICAL ROSTER SERVICE TIME (as of 3/31/21) 58 Barlow, Scott R/R 6' 3" 210 12/18/92 New London, Conn. 49 Alberto, Hanser R/R 1 Dyson, Jarrod OF 54 Santana, Ervin 13.123 57 Bolaños, Ronald R/R 6' 2" 230 8/23/96 Santa Cruz del Norte, Cuba 58 Barlow, Scott R/R 2 Taylor, Michael A. OF 71 Davis, Wade 11.029 59 Brentz, Jake L/L 6' 1" 205 9/14/94 Ballwin, Mo. 57 Bolaños, Ronald R/R 8 Lopez, Nicky INF 41 Santana, Carlos 10.115 50 Bubic, Kris L/L 6' 3" 225 8/19/97 Cupertino, Calif. 16 Benintendi, Andrew L/L 12 Soler, Jorge OF 23 Minor, Mike 9.138 71 Davis, Wade R/R 6' 5" 225 9/7/85 Lake Wales, Fla. 59 Brentz, Jake L/L 13 Perez, Salvador C 1 Dyson, Jarrod 9.088 30 Duffy, DannyIL L/L 6' 3" 205 12/21/88 Goleta, Calif. 50 Bubic, Kris L/L 15 Merrifield, Whit INF 30 Duffy, DannyIL 9.085 32 Hahn, Jesse60IL R/R 6' 5" 205 7/30/89 Norwich, Conn. -
2020 Topps Chrome Sapphire Edition .Xls
SERIES 1 1 Mike Trout Angels® 2 Gerrit Cole Houston Astros® 3 Nicky Lopez Kansas City Royals® 4 Robinson Cano New York Mets® 5 JaCoby Jones Detroit Tigers® 6 Juan Soto Washington Nationals® 7 Aaron Judge New York Yankees® 8 Jonathan Villar Baltimore Orioles® 9 Trent Grisham San Diego Padres™ Rookie 10 Austin Meadows Tampa Bay Rays™ 11 Anthony Rendon Washington Nationals® 12 Sam Hilliard Colorado Rockies™ Rookie 13 Miles Mikolas St. Louis Cardinals® 14 Anthony Rendon Angels® 15 San Diego Padres™ 16 Gleyber Torres New York Yankees® 17 Franmil Reyes Cleveland Indians® 18 Minnesota Twins® 19 Angels® Angels® 20 Aristides Aquino Cincinnati Reds® Rookie 21 Shane Greene Atlanta Braves™ 22 Emilio Pagan Tampa Bay Rays™ 23 Christin Stewart Detroit Tigers® 24 Kenley Jansen Los Angeles Dodgers® 25 Kirby Yates San Diego Padres™ 26 Kyle Hendricks Chicago Cubs® 27 Milwaukee Brewers™ Milwaukee Brewers™ 28 Tim Anderson Chicago White Sox® 29 Starlin Castro Washington Nationals® 30 Josh VanMeter Cincinnati Reds® 31 American League™ 32 Brandon Woodruff Milwaukee Brewers™ 33 Houston Astros® Houston Astros® 34 Ian Kinsler San Diego Padres™ 35 Adalberto Mondesi Kansas City Royals® 36 Sean Doolittle Washington Nationals® 37 Albert Almora Chicago Cubs® 38 Austin Nola Seattle Mariners™ Rookie 39 Tyler O'neill St. Louis Cardinals® 40 Bobby Bradley Cleveland Indians® Rookie 41 Brian Anderson Miami Marlins® 42 Lewis Brinson Miami Marlins® 43 Leury Garcia Chicago White Sox® 44 Tommy Edman St. Louis Cardinals® 45 Mitch Haniger Seattle Mariners™ 46 Gary Sanchez New York Yankees® 47 Dansby Swanson Atlanta Braves™ 48 Jeff McNeil New York Mets® 49 Eloy Jimenez Chicago White Sox® Rookie 50 Cody Bellinger Los Angeles Dodgers® 51 Anthony Rizzo Chicago Cubs® 52 Yasmani Grandal Chicago White Sox® 53 Pete Alonso New York Mets® 54 Hunter Dozier Kansas City Royals® 55 Jose Martinez St. -
MLB Curt Schilling Red Sox Jersey MLB Pete Rose Reds Jersey MLB
MLB Curt Schilling Red Sox jersey MLB Pete Rose Reds jersey MLB Wade Boggs Red Sox jersey MLB Johnny Damon Red Sox jersey MLB Goose Gossage Yankees jersey MLB Dwight Goodin Mets jersey MLB Adam LaRoche Pirates jersey MLB Jose Conseco jersey MLB Jeff Montgomery Royals jersey MLB Ned Yost Royals jersey MLB Don Larson Yankees jersey MLB Bruce Sutter Cardinals jersey MLB Salvador Perez All Star Royals jersey MLB Bubba Starling Royals baseball bat MLB Salvador Perez Royals 8x10 framed photo MLB Rolly Fingers 8x10 framed photo MLB Joe Garagiola Cardinals 8x10 framed photo MLB George Kell framed plaque MLB Salvador Perez bobblehead MLB Bob Horner helmet MLB Salvador Perez Royals sports drink bucket MLB Salvador Perez Royals sports drink bucket MLB Frank White and Willie Wilson framed photo MLB Salvador Perez 2015 Royals World Series poster MLB Bobby Richardson baseball MLB Amos Otis baseball MLB Mel Stottlemyre baseball MLB Rod Gardenhire baseball MLB Steve Garvey baseball MLB Mike Moustakas baseball MLB Heath Bell baseball MLB Danny Duffy baseball MLB Frank White baseball MLB Jack Morris baseball MLB Pete Rose baseball MLB Steve Busby baseball MLB Billy Shantz baseball MLB Carl Erskine baseball MLB Johnny Bench baseball MLB Ned Yost baseball MLB Adam LaRoche baseball MLB Jeff Montgomery baseball MLB Tony Kubek baseball MLB Ralph Terry baseball MLB Cookie Rojas baseball MLB Whitey Ford baseball MLB Andy Pettitte baseball MLB Jorge Posada baseball MLB Garrett Cole baseball MLB Kyle McRae baseball MLB Carlton Fisk baseball MLB Bret Saberhagen baseball -
2014 Bowman Draft Baseball Auto HIT Grid
2014 Bowman Draft Baseball Auto HIT Grid (no Ultimate Prospect Book, Dual Autos, ProspectS auto, Vets, Top 100 Prospects Auto) TEAM Prospect Rookie Mini Black Boxloaders ICE AFLAC Alex Yarbrough Angels .... C.J. Cron . Zach Borenstein Josh Hader George Springer Andrew Aplin George Springer Josh Hader Astros Mark Appel . Mark Appel George Springer . Mark Appel Preston Tucker Preston Tucker Mark Appel Jonathan Singleton Chris Kohler Athletics ... Billy McKinney . Billy McKinney Daniel Robertson Blue Jays Chase DeJong .... D.J. Davis . Braves Jason Hursh .. Jason Hursh . Lucas Sims . Tyrone Taylor Brewers Tucker Neuhaus Jimmy Nelson ... Victor Roache Oscar Taveras Cardinals Mike Mayers Kolton Wong Oscar Taveras Mike Mayers Stephen Piscotty . Oscar Taveras Armando Rivero Cubs Kris Bryant .... Albert Almora . Pierce Johnson Chris Owings Justin Williams Diamondbacks Jake Barrett Matt Davidson . Archie Bradley . Matt Davidson Matt McPhearson Brandon Trinkwon Brandon Trinkwon Julio Urias Dodgers . Julio Urias . Corey Seager Jacob Scavuzzo Julio Urias Julio Urias Joan Gregorio Clint Frazier Giants Joan Gregorio .. Francisco Lindor . Kendry Flores Clint Frazier Indians .. Clint Frazier ... Clint Frazier Chris Taylor Chris Taylor Mariners Edwin Diaz Taijuan Walker . Tyler Pike . Tyler O'Neill Ketel Marte Marlins . Jake Marisnick ..... Chris Flexen Brandon Nimmo Travis d'Arnaud Casey Meisner Mets Casey Meisner Travis d'Arnaud Travis d'Arnaud Gavin Cecchini Dominic Smith Wilmer Flores Cesar Puello Cesar Puello Travis d'Arnaud Nationals Billy Burns .... Brian Goodwin . Orioles . Jonathan Schoop .... Hunter Harvey Padres Franchy Cordero .. Franchy Cordero . Austin Hedges . Adam Morgan Maikel Franco Maikel Franco Cord Sandberg Phillies Maikel Franco . Maikel Franco Jesse Biddle Severino Gonzalez Maikel Franco J.P. Crawford Severino Gonzalez Pirates .... -
2020 Bowman Baseball Checklist
2020 Bowman Baseball Checklist - Hobby/Jumbo Yellow = Prospect/Rookie Auto; Orange = Insert Auto; White = Base/Inserts Player Set Card # Team Erik Rivera Auto - Chrome Prospects CPA-ERI Angels Jo Adell Auto - 1990 Bowman 90B-JA Angels Jo Adell Auto - Bowman Scouts Top 100 BTP-3 Angels Jo Adell Auto - Ultimate Auto Book Multi Player UAC-1 Angels Mike Trout Auto - 1990 Bowman 90B-MT Angels Jo Adell Base Prospects (Paper and Chrome) BP-100 Angels Jordyn Adams Base Prospects (Paper and Chrome) BP-15 Angels Will Wilson Base Prospects (Paper and Chrome) BP-147 Angels Mike Trout Base Paper Vet 1 Angels Shohei Ohtani Base Paper Vet 26 Angels Jahmai Jones Insert - Talent Pipeline Multi-Player TP-LAA Angels Jo Adell Insert - 1990 Bowman 90B-JA Angels Jo Adell Insert - Bowman Scouts Top 100 BTP-3 Angels Jo Adell Insert - Bowman Scouts Top 100 Gary V BTP-3 Angels Jo Adell Insert - Spanning The Globe STG-JA Angels Jo Adell Insert - Talent Pipeline Multi-Player TP-LAA Angels Jordyn Adams Insert - Talent Pipeline Multi-Player TP-LAA Angels Mike Trout Insert - 1990 Bowman 90B-MT Angels GroupBreakChecklists.com 2020 Bowman Baseball Checklist Player Set Card # Team Jeremy Pena Auto - Chrome Prospects CPA-JP Astros Yordan Alvarez Auto - Chrome Rookie CRA-YA Astros Yordan Alvarez Auto - 1990 Bowman 90B-YA Astros Yordan Alvarez Auto - ROY Favorites ROYFA-YA Astros Yordan Alvarez Auto - Ultimate Auto Book Multi Player UAC-1 Astros Cristian Javier Base Prospects (Paper and Chrome) BP-56 Astros Forrest Whitley Base Prospects (Paper and Chrome) BP-70 Astros Freudis -
Arizona Diamondbacks (1-2) at Texas Rangers (1-3) RHP Taijuan Walker (0-0, ––) Vs
Arizona Diamondbacks (1-2) at Texas Rangers (1-3) RHP Taijuan Walker (0-0, ––) vs. RHP Nick Martinez (0-0, ––) Spring #5 • Home #3 (0-2) • Tues., February 28, 2017 • Surprise Stadium • 2:05 p.m. CDT • Webcast TODAY’S SCHEDULED PITCHERS SPRING TRAINING AT A GLANCE TEXAS RANGERS ARIZONA 22 Nick Martinez RHP 99 Taijuan Walker RHP 65 Yohander Mendez LHP 61 Silvino Bracho RHP Record .......................................................................................1-3 74 Ariel Jurado RHP 47 Keyvius Sampson RHP Home .........................................................................................0-2 58 Alex Claudio LHP 53 Tyler Jones RHP Road ..........................................................................................1-1 *99 Anthony Carter RHP 67 Miller Diaz RHP *98 Sam Wolff RHP 72 Daniel Gibson LHP In Surprise .................................................................................1-2 62 Josh Taylor LHP Away from Surprise ...................................................................0-1 * - Minor league camp 65 Joey Krehbiel RHP Current streak ............................................................................. L2 Last 5 games .............................................................................1-3 TOMORROW’S SCHEDULED PITCHERS Longest winning streak ................................................................. 1 TEXAS RANGERS LOS ANGELES-AL Longest losing streak......................................................2 (current) 33 Martin Perez LHP 40 Jesse Chavez RHP TEX scores 1st/Opp. -
Braves Extend Win Streak to 7, Hand Orioles 16Th Straight Loss
ARAB TIMES, SUNDAY, AUGUST 22, 2021 SPORTS 15 Canada top Finland 5-3 US ‘blank’ Switzerland 3-0 to Braves extend win streak to 7, open women’s world hockey CALGARY, Alberta, Aug. 21, hand Orioles 16th straight loss (AP): Brianna Decker and Kendall Coyne Schofi eld each had a goal MLB Results/Standings and an assist and the nine-time champion United States beat Swit- zerland 3-0 to open the women’s WASHINGTON, Aug 21, (AP): Re- sults and standings from the MLB world hockey championship. games on Friday. The tournament began with Kansas City 6 Chicago Cubs 2 the Beijing Olympics less than Atlanta 3 Baltimore 0 NY Yankees 10 Minnesota 2 six months away. The world Cleveland 9 LA Angels 1 championship was last played in Detroit 4 Toronto (10 inn) 1 Boston 6 Texas 0 2019 in Finland, with the United Chic. W. Sox 7 T. Bay (11 inn) 5 States winning its fifth straight Houston 12 Seattle 3 Oakland 4 San Francisco 1 title. The pandemic twice forced Cincinnati 5 Miami 3 the cancellation of the event in Pittsburgh 4 St Louis 0 Washington 4 Milwaukee 1 Nova Scotia. Colorado 9 Arizona 4 Grace Zumwinkle also scored LA Dodgers 3 NY Mets 2 for the United States and Alex Philadelphia 4 San Diego 3 American League Cavallini made 10 saves. Andrea East Division Braendli stopped 55 shots for W L Pct GB Tampa Bay 75 48 .610 _ Switzerland. New York 71 52 .577 4 “I thought it was a great game Boston 70 54 .565 5-1/2 Toronto 63 57 .525 10-1/2 and we’re really excited about the Baltimore 38 83 .314 36 result, but also in how we played Central Division as a team” U.S. -
List of Players in Apba's 2018 Base Baseball Card
Sheet1 LIST OF PLAYERS IN APBA'S 2018 BASE BASEBALL CARD SET ARIZONA ATLANTA CHICAGO CUBS CINCINNATI David Peralta Ronald Acuna Ben Zobrist Scott Schebler Eduardo Escobar Ozzie Albies Javier Baez Jose Peraza Jarrod Dyson Freddie Freeman Kris Bryant Joey Votto Paul Goldschmidt Nick Markakis Anthony Rizzo Scooter Gennett A.J. Pollock Kurt Suzuki Willson Contreras Eugenio Suarez Jake Lamb Tyler Flowers Kyle Schwarber Jesse Winker Steven Souza Ender Inciarte Ian Happ Phillip Ervin Jon Jay Johan Camargo Addison Russell Tucker Barnhart Chris Owings Charlie Culberson Daniel Murphy Billy Hamilton Ketel Marte Dansby Swanson Albert Almora Curt Casali Nick Ahmed Rene Rivera Jason Heyward Alex Blandino Alex Avila Lucas Duda Victor Caratini Brandon Dixon John Ryan Murphy Ryan Flaherty David Bote Dilson Herrera Jeff Mathis Adam Duvall Tommy La Stella Mason Williams Daniel Descalso Preston Tucker Kyle Hendricks Luis Castillo Zack Greinke Michael Foltynewicz Cole Hamels Matt Harvey Patrick Corbin Kevin Gausman Jon Lester Sal Romano Zack Godley Julio Teheran Jose Quintana Tyler Mahle Robbie Ray Sean Newcomb Tyler Chatwood Anthony DeSclafani Clay Buchholz Anibal Sanchez Mike Montgomery Homer Bailey Matt Koch Brandon McCarthy Jaime Garcia Jared Hughes Brad Ziegler Daniel Winkler Steve Cishek Raisel Iglesias Andrew Chafin Brad Brach Justin Wilson Amir Garrett Archie Bradley A.J. Minter Brandon Kintzler Wandy Peralta Yoshihisa Hirano Sam Freeman Jesse Chavez David Hernandez Jake Diekman Jesse Biddle Pedro Strop Michael Lorenzen Brad Boxberger Shane Carle Jorge de la Rosa Austin Brice T.J. McFarland Jonny Venters Carl Edwards Jackson Stephens Fernando Salas Arodys Vizcaino Brian Duensing Matt Wisler Matt Andriese Peter Moylan Brandon Morrow Cody Reed Page 1 Sheet1 COLORADO LOS ANGELES MIAMI MILWAUKEE Charlie Blackmon Chris Taylor Derek Dietrich Lorenzo Cain D.J. -
Baseball in Japan and the US History, Culture, and Future Prospects by Daniel A
Sports, Culture, and Asia Baseball in Japan and the US History, Culture, and Future Prospects By Daniel A. Métraux A 1927 photo of Kenichi Zenimura, the father of Japanese-American baseball, standing between Lou Gehrig and Babe Ruth. Source: Japanese BallPlayers.com at http://tinyurl.com/zzydv3v. he essay that follows, with a primary focus on professional baseball, is intended as an in- troductory comparative overview of a game long played in the US and Japan. I hope it will provide readers with some context to learn more about a complex, evolving, and, most of all, Tfascinating topic, especially for lovers of baseball on both sides of the Pacific. Baseball, although seriously challenged by the popularity of other sports, has traditionally been considered America’s pastime and was for a long time the nation’s most popular sport. The game is an original American sport, but has sunk deep roots into other regions, including Latin America and East Asia. Baseball was introduced to Japan in the late nineteenth century and became the national sport there during the early post-World War II period. The game as it is played and organized in both countries, however, is considerably different. The basic rules are mostly the same, but cultural differences between Americans and Japanese are clearly reflected in how both nations approach their versions of baseball. Although players from both countries have flourished in both American and Japanese leagues, at times the cultural differences are substantial, and some attempts to bridge the gaps have ended in failure. Still, while doubtful the Japanese version has changed the American game, there is some evidence that the American version has exerted some changes in the Japanese game.