FLORA DATABASE 162 Families; 1,745 Species and Varieties V. Max Brown

ACANTHACEAE - ACANTHUS FAMILY (9)

Branched Foldwing; Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. American Water-Willow; Justicia americana (L.) Vahl American Water-Willow; Justicia ovata (Walter) var. lanceolate (Chapm.) R.W. Long Petiolate Hairy Ruellia [Carolina Wild Petunia; Hairy Ruellia]; Ruellia caroliniensis (J.F. Gmel.) Steud. Sessile-Leaved Hairy Ruellia [Fringeleaf Wild Petunia]; Ruellia humilis Nutt. Metz's [White] Wild petunia; Ruellia metziae Tharp Violet Wild Petunia; Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & A. Gray) Urb. Stalked Wild Petunia; Ruellia pedunculata Torr. ex Gray Limestone Wild Petunia [Smooth Ruellia]; Ruellia strepens L.

ACERACEAE – MAPLE FAMILY (8)

Amur maple; Acer ginnala Maxim. (Introduced) Boxelder [Ash-Leaved Maple]; Acer negundo L var. negundo Black Maple; Acer nigrum Michx. f. Striped Maple [Moose Wood]; Acer pensylvanicum L. Norway Maple; Acer platanoides L. (Introduced) Silver [Soft] Maple; Acer saccharinum L. Sugar [Hard] Maple; Acer saccharum Marsh. var. saccharum Red Maple; Acer rubrum L. var. rubrum

ACORACEAE – SWEET FLAG FAMILY (1)

Sweet Flag [Calamus]; Acorus calamus L. (Introduced)

AGAVACEAE – AGAVE or CENTURY- FAMILY (7)

Redflower False Yucca; Hesperaloe parviflora (Torr.) J.M. Coult. False Aloe [Virginia Tube-Rose]; Manfreda virginica (L.) Salisb. ex Rose Aloe Yucca; Yucca aloifolia L. Banana [Broad Leaf] Yucca; Yucca baccata Torr. Joshua Tree; Yucca brevifolia Engelm. Adam’s Needle [Spanish-Bayonet, Yucca]; Yucca filamentosa L. Mojave Yucca; Yucca schidigera Roezl ex Ortgies

ALISMATACEAE – WATER PLANTAIN FAMILY (8)

American [Southern] Water Plantain; Alisma subcordatum Raf. Northern [Large-Flowered] Water Plantain; Alisma triviale Pursh Creeping Burhead; Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. Midwestern [Shortbeak] Arrowhead; Sagittaria brevirostra Mack. & Bush Hooded [Mississippi] Arrowhead; Sagittaria calycina Engelm. var. calycina Grassy [Grass-Leaved] Arrowhead; Sagittaria graminea Michx. Broadleaf [Common] Arrowhead [Duck Potato]; Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Delta Arrowhead; Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J.G. Sm.

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AMARANTHACEAE - AMARANTH FAMILY (8)

Alligator Weed; Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Introduced) Powell's Amaranth; Amaranthus powellii S. Watson ssp. powellii Rough [Redroot] Pigweed [Rough Green Amaranth]; Amaranthus retroflexus L. Spiny Amaranth; Amaranthus spinosus L. Silverhead [Saltweed]; Blutaparon vermiculare (L.) Mears Plains [Field] Snakecotton [Cottonweed]; Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq. Slender Snakecotton [Cottonweed]; Froelichia gracilis (Hook.) Moq. Juda's Bush [Eastern Bloodleaf]; Iresine rhizomatosa Standl.

ANACARDIACEAE – CASHEW (SUMAC) FAMILY (8)

European Smoketree; Scop. (Introduced) Smoke Tree; Cotinus obovatus Raf. Fragrant Sumac; Rhus aromatica Aiton [Shining] Winged Sumac; L. Smooth Sumac; Rhus glabra L. Staghorn Sumac; L. [Eastern] Poison Ivy; Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Poison Sumac; Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze

ANNONACEAE – ANNONA (CUSTARD APPLE) FAMILY (1)

[Common, Tall] Pawpaw; Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal

APIACEAE – CARROT OR PARSELY FAMILY (32)

Bishop's Goutweed; Aegopodium podagraria L. (Introduced) Purple-Stemmed Angelica; Angelica atropurpurea L. Hairy Angelica; Angelica venenosa (Greenway) Fernald Wild [Hairyfruit] Chervil; Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. Bulblet-Bearing Water Hemlock; Cicuta bulbifera L. [Spotted; Common] Water Hemlock; Cicuta maculata L. (var. maculate?) Poison Hemlock; Conium maculatum L. (Introduced) [Canadian] Honewort; Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Finger Dogshade; Cynosciadium digitatum DC. Queen Anne’s Lace [Wild Carrot; Bird’s Nest]; Daucus carota L. (Introduced) Harbinger-Of-Spring [Pepper-And-Salt]; Erigenia bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. Leavenworth's Eryngo; Eryngium leavenworthii Torr. & A. Gray Creeping [Spreading] Eryngo; Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC. Rattlesnake Master [Button Eryngo or Snakeroot]; Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. Common Cow-Parsnip [Masterwort]; Heracleum maximum Bartram Largeleaf [Seaside] Pennywort; Hydrocotyle bonariensis Comm. ex Lam. Floating Marsh [Buttercup] Pennywort; Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L. f. [Wolly] Sweet Cicely; Osmorhiza claytonii (Michx.) C.B. Clarke Aniseroot [Smooth Sweet Cicely]; Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. [Stiff] Cowbane; Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf. Wild Parsnip; Pastinaca sativa L. (Introduced) Nuttall's Parsley; Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Laceflower; Ptilimnium nuttallii (DC.) Britt. Canadian Black Snakeroot; Sanicula canadensis L. Maryland Sanicle [Black Snakeroot]; Sanicula marilandica L. Clustered Black Snakeroot [Clustered Sanicle]; Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. Phillippe

2 (S. gregaria) Clustered Black Snakeroot [Clustered Sanicle]; Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. [Hemlock] Water-Parsnip; Sium suave Walter Yellow Pimpernel; Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude Hairy-Joint Meadow Parsnip; Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. Spreading [Field] Hedge-Parsley; Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link ssp. Arvensis (Introduced) Heart-Leaved Golden Alexanders [Meadow Zizia]; Zizia aptera (Gray) Fern. Golden Alexanders [Golden Zizia]; Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch

APOCYNACEAE - DOGBANE FAMILY (6)

[Shining] Ozark Bluestar; Amsonia illustris Woodson Eastern Bluestar (Willow Amsonia); Amsonia tabernaemontana Walter Spreading Dogbane; Apocynum androsaemifolium L. [American] Indian Hemp; Apocynum cannabinum L. Climbing Dogbane; Trachelospermum difforme (Walter) A. Gray Common Periwinkle [Myrtle]; Vinca minor L. (Introduced)

AQUIFOLIACEAE – HOLLY FAMILY (4)

Possum Haw [Deciduous Holly]; Ilex decidua Walter American Holly; Ilex opaca Aiton var. opaca Common Winterberry (Black Alder); Ilex verticillata (L.) Gray Yaupon; Ilex vomitoria Aiton

ARACEAE – ARUM FAMILY (3)

Green Dragon [Dragon Arum]; Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. [Woodland] Jack In The Pulpit [Indian Turnip]; Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. Skunk-Cabbage; Symplocarpus foetidus (L.) Salisb. ex Nutt.

ARALIACEAE – GINSENG FAMILY (6)

Wild Sarsaparilla; Aralia nudicaulis L. Devil's Walkingstick [Hercules’ Club]; Aralia spinosa L. ? English Ivy; Hedera helix L. (Introduced) Devil's Club [Devil’s Walking Stick; Alaskan Ginseng]; Oplopanax horridus (Sm.) Miq. American Ginseng; Panax quinquefolius L. Dwarf Ginseng; Panax trifolius L.

ARECACEAE – PALM FAMILY (4)

South American Jelly [Pindo] Palm; Butia capitata (Mart.) Becc. (Introduced) Cabbage Palmetto; Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex J.A. & J.H. Schultes Dwarf Palmetto [Bush Palmetto, Blue-Stem]; Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers. Saw Palmetto; Serenoa repens (Bartram) Small

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE – BIRTHWORT FAMILY (2)

Woolly [Pipe-Vine] Dutchman's Pipe; Aristolochia tomentosa Sims [Canadian] Wild Ginger; Asarum canadense L.

ASCLEPIADACEAE – MILKWEED FAMILY (23)

3 Blunt-Leaved [Sand, Clasping] Milkweed; Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. Spider [Antelope Horn] Milkweed; Asclepias asperula (Decne.) Woodson Poke Milkweed; Asclepias exaltata L. [Tall] Green Milkweed; Asclepias hirtella (Pennell) Woods. Swamp Milkweed; Asclepias incarnata L. ssp. Incarnate Aquatic [Thin-Leaved; White] Milkweed; Asclepias perennis Walter Purple Milkweed; Asclepias purpurascens L. Fourleaf [Whorled] Milkweed; Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. Showy Milkweed; Asclepias speciosa Torr. Slim- [Narrow-] Leaf Milkweed; Asclepias stenophylla A. Gray Rush Milkweed; Asclepias subulata Decne. Common Milkweed; Asclepias syriaca L. Texas Milkweed; Asclepias texana A. Heller Butterfly Milkweed [Butterflyweed; Pleurisy Root]; Asclepias tuberosa L. ssp. interior Woods. Red-Ring [Variegated] Milkweed; Asclepias variegata L. Whorled Milkweed; Asclepias verticillata L. Green Comet Milkweed; Asclepias viridiflora Raf. Green Antelopehorn [Ozark Milkweed]; Asclepias viridis Walter Gulf Coast Swallow-Wort; Cynanchum angustifolium Pers. Honeyvine [Sandvine; Bluevine; Angle-Pod]; Cynanchum laeve (Michx.) Pers. Angular Fruit Milkvine (Anglepod); Gonolobus suberosus (L.) W.T. Alton Baldwin's Milkvine; Matelea baldwyniana (Sweet) Woodson Oldfield [Climbing] Milkvine; Matelea decipiens (Alexander) Woodson

ASPLENIACEAE – SPLEENWORT FAMILY (2)

Ebony Spleenwort; Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Walking Fern; Asplenium rhizophyllum L.

ASTERACEAE – ASTER FAMILY (231)

[Common] Yarrow [Milfoil]; Achillea millefolium L. (Introduced) Oppositeleaf Spotflower; Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K. Jansen var. repens (Walter) R.K. Jansen White Snakeroot; Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H.E. Robins. var. altissima Orange Agoseris; Agoseris aurantiaca (Hook.) Greene Common [Annua] Ragweed; Ambrosia artemisifolia L. Lanceleaf [Southern] Ragweed; Ambrosia bidentata Michx. Great Ragweed; Ambrosia trifida L. Prairie Broomweed [Broom Snakeroot]; Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Nutt. Pearly Everlasting; Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. Littleleaf [Rosy] Pussytoes; Antennaria microphylla Rydb. Field [Flagged] Pussytoes; Antennaria neglecta Greene Large Plantain-Leaved [Smooth, Parlin’s] Pussytoes; Antennaria parlini Fern. Corn Chamomile; Anthemis arvensis L (Introduced) Golden Chamomile (Yellow Cotula); Anthemis tinctoria L. (Introduced) Greater Burdock; Arctium lappa L. (Introduced) Common [Lesser] Burdock; Arctium minus Bernh. (Introduced) Pale Indian Plaintain; Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (L.) H.E. Robins. Groovestem [Prairie] Indian Plantain; Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. Great Indian Plaintain; Arnoglossum reniforme (Hook.) H.E. Robins. Sweet Sagewort [Wormwood]; Artemisia annua L. (Introduced) Silver Sagebrush; Artemisia cana Pursh White Sagebrush; Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. ludoviciana Alpine [Rocky Mountain] Sage [Brush]; Artemisia scopulorum A. Gray

4 Big Sagebrush; Artemisia tridentata Nutt. Common Wormwood [Mugwort]; Artemisia vulgaris L. (Introduced) Desert Marigold; Baileya multiradiata Harv. & A. Gray ex A. Gray Texas Greeneyes; Berlandiera betonicifolia (Hook.) Small Romerillo [Beggarticks]; Bidens alba (L.) DC. var. radiata (Sch. Bip.) Ballard ex T.E. Melchert Bearded Beggarticks [Tickseed Sunflower]; Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton Spanish Needles; Bidens bipinnata L. Nodding Bur-Marigold [Beggartick]; Bidens cernua L. Crowned [Tall; Swamp] Beggarticks [Marigold]; Bidens coronata (L.) Britton Devil's [Common] Beggartick [Sticktight]; Bidens frondosa L. Threelobe Beggarticks; Bidens tripartita L. Tall Beggar’s Ticks; Bidens vulgata Greene Bushy Seaside Tansy [Saltmarsh Ox-Eye]; Borrichia frutescens (L.) DC. False Boneset; Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Shinners (var. eupatorioides and var. corymbulosa) Straggler Daisy; Calyptocarpus vialis Less. (Introduced) Nodding [Plumeless] Thistle; Carduus nutans L. (Introduced) Garden Cornflower [Bachelor’s Button; Blue Bottle]; Centaurea cyanus L. (Introduced) Spotted Knapweed; Centaurea stoebe L. ssp. micranthos (Gugler) Hayek (Introduced) Woody [Bush] Goldenrod; Chrysoma pauciflosculosa (Michx.) Greene (Solidago pauciflosculosa) Green and Gold; Chrysogonum virginianum L. Soft Goldenaster; Chrysopsis pilosa Nutt. Chicory; Cichorium intybus L. (Introduced) Tall Thistle; Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill Canada Thistle; Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Soft [Carolina] Thistle; Cirsium carolinianum (Walter) Fernald & B.G. Schub. Field [Pasture]Thistle; Cirsium discolor (Muhl. ex Willd.) Spreng. Yellow [Bristly; Horrid] Thistle; Cirsium horridulum Michx. var. horridulum Swamp [Fen] Thistle; Cirsium muticum Michx. Marsh [European] Swamp Thistle; Cirsium palustre (L.) Scop. (Introduced) Bull Thistle; Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. [Blue] Mist Flower; Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. (Eupatorium coelestinum L.) Horseweed; Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. canadensis Dwarf Horseweed [Fleabane]; Conyza Conyza ramosissima Cronquist (Erigeron divaricatus Michx.) Largeflower Tickseed; Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet Lanceleaf [Sand] Tickseed [Coreopsis]; Coreopsis lanceolata L. Stiff Tickseed [Prairie Coreopsis]; Coreopsis palmata Nutt. Star Tickseed; Coreopsis pubescens Ell. Golden Tickseed [Coreopsis]; Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Tall Coreopsis [Tickseed]; Coreopsis tripteris L. Garden Cosmos; Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. (Introduced) Flat-Topped White Aster [Parasol Whitetop]; Doellingeria umbellata (P. Mill.) Nees var. umbellata Fetid Marigold; Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) A.S. Hitchc. Yellow Coneflower; Echinacea paradoxa (J.B.S. Norton) Britton var. paradoxa [Eastern] Purple Cone-Flower; Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench [Glade or Pale Purple] Coneflower; Echinacea simulata R.L. McGregor OR Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. False Daisy [Yerba De Tajo]; Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. (Eclipta alba) Carolina Elephant’s-Foot; Elephantopus carolinianus Raeusch. Devil's Grandmother; Elephantopus tomentosus L. Florida Tasselflower; Emilia fosbergii Nicolson (Introduced) White Fireweed [American Burnweed; Pilewort]; Erechtites hieraciifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. var. hieraciifolia Rubber Rabbitbrush; Ericameria nauseosa (Pall. ex Pursh) G.L. Nesom & Baird ssp. consimilis (Greene) G.L. Nesom & Baird var. juncea (Greene) G.L. Nesom & Baird [Eastern] Daisy Fleabane [Scabious; Whitetop]; Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Blackhead Fleabane; Erigeron melanocephalus (A. Nelson) A. Nelson Philadelphia Fleabane; Erigeron philadelphicus L. Robin's Plantain; Erigeron pulchellus Michx.

5 Prairie Fleabane [Narrow-Leaved Daisy Fleabane]; Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. Tall Boneset [Throughwort]; Eupatorium altissimum L. Dog Fennel; Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam.) Small (introduced) Purple [Hollow Stemmed] Joe-Pye-Weed [Trumpetweed]; Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt Spotted JoePyeWeed; Eupatorium maculatum L. Var. maculatum Common Boneset [Throughwort]; Eupatorium perfoliatum L. var. perfoliatum Green-Stemmed [Sweet, Sweetscentedt] Joe-Pye-Weed; Eupatorium purpureum L. var. purpureum Roundleaf Thoroughwort [Boneset]; Eupatorium rotundifolium L. var. ovatum (Bigelow) Torr. Late Boneset [Lateflowering Thoroughwort]; Eupatorium serotinum Michx. Southern Prairie Aster; Eurybia hemispherica (Alexander) G.L. Nesom Big-Leaved [Leaf] Aster; Eurybia macrophylla (L.) Cass. (Aster macrophylla) Schreber's Aster; Eurybia schreberi (Nees) Nees (Aster schreberi) [Common] Flat-Top [Lance-Leaved; Grass-Leaved] Goldenrod; Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. var. graminifolia Great Plains Flat-Topped [or Slender-Leaved Goldenrod]; Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene (including E. remota Greene, Slender-Leaved Goldenrod) Blanket-Flower [Firewheel, Indian Blanket]; Gaillardia pulchella Fouq. var. pulchella (introduced) Shaggy Soldier [Common Quickweed]; Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav. Spoonleaf Purple Everlasting [Cudweed]; Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera Narrowleaf [Spiny-Toothed] Gumweed; Grindelia lanceolata Nutt. var. lanceolata Curlycup [Curly-Top] Gumweed; Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal Bitterweed [Yellowdicks]; Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock var. amarum (Introduced) Common Sneezeweed; Helenium autumnale L. Purplehead Sneezeweed; Helenium flexuosum Raf. Common [Garden] Sunflower; Helianthus annuus L. Cucumberleaf Sunflower; Helianthus debilis Nutt. ssp. Debilis Woodland Sunflower; Helianthus divaricatus L. Tall [Giant ] Sunflower; Helianthus giganteus L. Sawtooth Sunflower; Helianthus grosseserratus Martens Hairy [Stiff-Haired; Oblong] Sunflower; Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Maximilian Sunflower; Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. Ashy [Downy] Sunflower; Helianthus mollis Lam. Paleleaf Woodland Sunflower; Helianthus strumosus L. Western [Fewleaf] Sunflower; Helianthus occidentalis Riddell Stiff [Prairie] Sunflower; Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. Willowleaf Sunflower; Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. Jerusalem artichoke; Helianthus tuberosus L. Smooth Oxeye [False] Sunflower; Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet Camphorweed [Telegraph Plant]; Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britton & Rusby White Hawkweed; Hieracium albiflorum Hook. Orange Hawkweed [Devil’s Paint-Brush]; Hieracium aurantiacum L. (Introduced) King Devil [Field Hawkweed]; Hieracium caespitosum Dumort. (Introduced) Canadian Hawkweed; Hieracium canadense Michx. Slender Hawkweed; Hieracium gracile Hook. Maryland Hawkweed; Hieracium greenii Porter & Britt. Hairy [Long-Bearded or -Haired] Hawkweed; Hieracium longipilum Torr. Wall Hawkweed; Hieracium murorum L. (Introduced) Rough Hawkweed; Hieracium scabrum Michx. Old Plainsman; Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Hér. var. scabiosaeus [Hairy] Cat's Ear; Hypochaeris radicata L. (Introduced) Annual Marsh Elder [Sump Weed]; Iva annua L. [Two-Flowered] Cynthia [dwarfdandelion]; Krigia biflora (Walt.) Blake var. biflora Potato [Dwarf] Dandelion; Krigia dandelion (L.) Nutt. Virginia Dwarf-Dandelion; Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. Wild [Canada] Lettuce; Lactuca canadensis L. var. canadensis Wild [Canada] Lettuce; Lactuca canadensis L. var. longifolia

6 Tall Blue [Woodland] Lettuce; Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. Willowleaf Lettuce; Lactuca saligna L. (Introduced) Prickly [Yellow] Lettuce; Lactuca serriola L. (Introduced) Ox-Eye Daisy; Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (Introduced) Rough [Tall] Blazing Star; Liatris aspera Michx. Cylindrical [] Blazing Star; Liatris cylindracea Michx. Dotted Blazing Star [Prairie Snakeroot]; Liatris punctata Hook. Prairie Blazing Star [Cattail Gay-Feather; Liatris pycnostachya Michx. Devil's Bite [Northern Blazing Star]; Liatris scariosa (L.) Willd. Dense [Marsh] Blazing Star; Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. Scaly Blazing Star; Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. [Texas] Skeleton-Plant; Lygodesmia texana (Torr. & A. Gray) Greene Pineapple-Weed [Disc Mayweed]; Matricaria discoidea DC. (Introduced) Plains Blackfoot [Rock] Daisy; Melampodium leucanthum Torr. & A. Gray Climbing Hempvine [Hempweed]; Mikania scandens (L.) Willd. (M. pubescens Nutt.) Ohio Goldenrod; Oligoneuron ohioense (Frank ex Riddell) G.N. Jones [Solidago ohioensis riddell] Riddell's Goldenrod; Oligoneuron riddellii (Frank ex Riddell) Rydb. [Solidago riddellii] Stiff [Hard-Leaved] Goldenrod; Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small [Heart-Leaved-] Golden Ragwort; Packera aurea (L.) A.& D. Löve [Senecio aureus] Butterweed [Goldern Ragwort]; Packera glabella (Poir.) C. Jeffrey Roundleaf Ragwort [Round-Leaved Golden Ragwort]; Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.) W.A. Weber & A. Löve Woolly Ragwort; Packera tomentosa (Michx.) C. Jeffrey Small Palafox; Palafoxia callosa (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray Wild Quinine [American Feverfew]; Parthenium integrifolium L. Camphor Pluchea [Island Marsh Fleabane; Stinkweed]; Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. White-Flowered Leafcup; Polymnia canadensis L. White Rattlesnakeroot [Lettuce]; Prenanthes alba L. Tall Rattlesnakeroot [Rough White Lettuce]; Prenanthes altissima L. Rough White Lettuce [Rattlesnakeroot]; Prenanthes aspera Michx. Purple [Glaucous] Rattlesnakeroot [Glaucous White Lettuce]; Prenanthes racemosa Michx. var. racemosa Rabbit-Tobacco [Old-Field Balsam]; Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.) Hilliard & Burtt ssp. obtusifolium False Dandelion [Carolina Desert-Chicory ]; Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walt.) DC. Upright Prairie Coneflower [Mexican Hat]; Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. Gray-Headed [Pinnate Prairie] Coneflower; Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnh. Blackeyed Susan; Rudbeckia hirta L. Cutleaf [Green-Headed, Tall] Coneflower; Rudbeckia laciniata L. Missouri Orange Coneflower; Rudbeckia missouriensis Engelm. Ex C.L. Boynt. & Beadle Sweet Coneflower; Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh Browneyed Susan [Thin-Leaved- or Three-Lobed Coneflower]; Rudbeckia triloba L. Tall Blacktip Ragwort; Senecio atratus Greene Arrowleaf Ragwort; Senecio triangularis Hook. Common Groundsel [Old-Man-In-The-Spring]; Senecio vulgaris L. (Introduced) Starry Rosinweed; Silphium asteriscus L. [Wholeleaf] Rosinweed; Silphium integrifolium Michx. Compass Plant; Silphium laciniatum L. Cup Plant [Indian Cup]; Silphium perfoliatum L. Prairie-Dock [Prairie Rosenweed]; Silphium terebinthinaceum Jacq. var. terebinthinaceum Blue-Stemmed [Wreath] Goldenrod; Solidago caesia L. Yellow-Flowered [Hairy; Large-Flowered] Leafcup; Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mack. ex Small Atlantic Goldenrod; Solidago arguta Aiton Canadal [Tall] Goldenrod; Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago altissima L. Zigzag [Broad-Leaved] Goldenrod; Solidago flexicaulis L. Tall [Giant] Goldenrod; Solidago gigantea Aiton Hairy Goldenrod; Solidago hispida Muhl. ex Willd. Gray [Old-Field] Goldenrod; Solidago nemoralis Ait.

7 Roundleaf [Rough Leaved; Swamp] Goldenrod; Solidago patula Muhl. ex Willd. var. patula Rough [Wrinkleleaf] Goldenrod; Solidago rugosa P. Mill. ssp. rugosa Seaside Goldenrod ; Solidago sempervirens L. var. mexicana (L.) Fernald Showy Goldenrod; Solidago speciosa Nutt. Elmleaf Goldenrod; Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. Field Sow Thistle; Sonchus arvensis L. (Introduced Spiny-Leaved Sow Thistle; Sonchus asper (L.) Hill (Introduced) Store-Front [Common] Sow Thistle; Sonchus oleraceus L. (Introduced) Many-Ray [Woodland] Aster; Symphyotrichum anomalum (Engelm.) G.L. Nesom Northern Bog Aster; Symphyotrichum boreale (Torr. & A. Gray) A. Löve & D. Löve (A. borealis Common Blue [Heart-Leaved] Wood Aster; Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) Nesom Drummond's Aster; Symphyotrichum drummondii (Lindl.) Nesom var. drummondii [White] Heath Aster; Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) Nesom var. ericoides Smooth Blue Aster; Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) A.& D. Löve var. laeve White Panicle Aster; Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) Nesom ssp. lanceolatum var. lanceolatum Side-Flowering Aster [Calico Aster]; Symphyotrichum lateriflorum (L.) A.& D. Löve var. lateriflorum New England Aster; Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) Nesom Aromatic Aster; Symphyotrichum oblongifolium (Nutt.) G.L. Nesom Skyblue Aster; Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) G.L. Nesom var. oolentangiense (A. azureus) Late Purple [Spreading] Aster; Symphyotrichum patens (Aiton) G.L. Nesom var. patens Hairy [White Oldfield] Aster; Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom var. pilosum Willowleaf Aster; Symphyotrichum praealtum Poir. Purplestem [Swamp] Aster; Symphyotrichum puniceum (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve var. puniceum Silky [Western Silver] Aster; Symphyotrichum sericeum (Vent.) G.L. Nesom (Aster sericeus Vent.) Short's Aster; Symphyotrichum shortii (Lindl.) Nesom [Smooth Violet] Prairie Aster; Symphyotrichum turbinellum (Lindl.) G.L. Nesom White Arrowleaf Aster; Symphyotrichum urophyllum (Lindl.) Common Tansy; Tanacetum vulgare L. (Introduced) Common Dandelion; Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers ssp. Officinale (Introduced) Stemless Four-Nerve Daisy; Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursh) Greene Graylocks Four-Nerve [Alpine] Daisy; Tetraneuris grandiflora (Torr. & A. Gray ex A. Gray) K.F. Parker Lakeside Daisy [Eastern Fournerved Daisy]; Tetraneuris herbacea Greene (Hymenoxys acaulis) Villous Four-Nerve Daisy; Tetraneuris scaposa (DC.) Greene var. villosa (Shinners) Shinners (Hymenoxys scaposa ) Yellow Salsify [Sand Goats-Beard]; Tragopogon dubius Scop. (Introduced) Common Goat’s-Beard [Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon]; Tragopogon pratensis L. (Introduced) Scentless False Mayweed; Tripleurospermum perforatum (Mérat) M. Lainz (T. inodorum) (Introduced) Coltsfoot; Tussilago farfara L. (Introduced) Wingstem; Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britt. ex Kearney Gravelweed [Yellow Crownbeard]; Verbesina helianthoides Michx. White Crownbeard [Frostweed; Tickweed]; Verbesina virginica L. var. Virginica Arkansas Ironweed; Vernonia arkansana DC. [Vernonia crinita Raf.] Baldwin's [Western] Ironweed; Vernonia baldwinii Torr. Tall Ironweed; Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. Woolly Ironweed; Vernonia lindheimeri Gray & Engelm. Missouri Ironweed; Vernonia missurica Raf. Clotbur [Rough Cocklebur]; Xanthium strumarium L. [Xanthium chinense] Oriental False [Asiatic] Hawksbeard; Youngia japonica (L.) DC. (Introduced)

AVICENNIACEAE (BLACK MANGROVE FAMILY) (1)

Black Mangrove; Avicennia germinans (L.) L.

BALSAMINACEAE – TOUCH-ME-NOT FAMILY (2)

8 Orange Jewelweed [Spotted Touch-Me-Not]; Impatiens capensis Meerb. Yellow Jewelweed [Pale Touch-Me-Not]; Impatiens pallida Nutt.

BERBERICACEAE – BARBERRY FAMILY (6)

Japanese Barberry; Berberis thunbergii DC. (Introduced) Blue Cohosh; Caulophyllum thalictroides (L.) Michx. Twinleaf; Jeffersonia diphylla (L.) Pers. Algerita [Agarita]; Mahonia trifoliolata (Moric.) Fedde Sacred Bamboo; Nandina domestica Thunb. (Introduced) May-Apple [Mandrake]; Podophyllum peltatum L.

BETULACEAE – BIRCH FAMILY (11)

European Alder; Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. (Introduced) Red Alder; Alnus rubra Bong. Speckled Alder; Alnus rugosa (DuRoi) Spreng. Common Alder; Alnus serrulata (Ait.) Wild. Yellow Birch; Betula alleghaniensis Britt. var. alleghaniensis River Birch; Betula nigra L. Paper Birch; Betula papyrifera Marsh. Gray [Wire] Birch; Betula populifolia Marsh. American Hornbeam [Ironwood, Musclewood, Blue-Beech]; Carpinus caroliniana Walt. [American] Hazelnut [Hazel]; Corylus americana Walt. [Eastern; Hop] –Hornbeam; Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch var. virginiana

BIGNONIACEAE – BIGNONIA FAMILY (4)

Cross Vine; Quarter Vine; Bignonia capreolata L. Trumpet Creeper; Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. ex Bureau Northern Catalpa [Cigar-Tree]; Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Warder ex Engelm Desert Willow; Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet

BORAGINACEAE - BORAGE FAMILY (21)

Hound’s Tongue [Gypsy Flower]; Cynoglossum officinale L. (Introduced) Wild Comfrey; Cynoglossum virginianum L. Common Viper's Bugloss [Blueweed]; Echium vulgare L. (Introduced) Arctic Alpine Forget-Me-Not; Eritrichium nanum (Vill.) Schrad. ex Gaudin Manyflower Stickseed; Hackelia floribunda (Lehm.) I.M. Johnst. Beggar’s-Lice [Stickseed]; Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnston Turnsole [Indian Heliotrope]; Heliotropium indicum L. (Introduced) Pasture Heliotrope; Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torr. Flatspine Stickseed [Western Stickseed]; Lappula occidentalis (S. Watson) Greene var. occidentalis (L. redowski (Hornem.) Greene) Hoary Puccoon; Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. Hairy [Carolina] Puccon; Lithospermum caroliniense (Walt. ex J.F. Gmel.) MacM. var. croceum Narrowleaf Puccoon [Stoneseed; Gromwell]; Lithospermum incisum Lehm. Tall Fringed [Mountain] Bluebells; Mertensia ciliata (James ex Torr.) G. Don Virginia Bluebells [Virginia Cowslip]; Mertensia virginica (L.) Pers. ex Link Smaller [Bay] Forget-Me-Not; Myosotis laxa Lehm. Largeseed Forget-me-not; Myosotis macrosperma Engelm. True Forget-Me-Not [Water Scropion Grass]; Myosotis scorpioides L. (Introduced) Strict [Small Flowered] Forget-me-not; Myosotis stricta Link ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes (Introduced) Spring [White] Forget-me-not [Early Scorpiongrass]; Myosotis verna Nutt.

9 Soft-Hair Marbleseed [Western False Gromwell]; Onosmodium bejariense DC. ex A. DC. var. bejariense (O. Molle) Common Comfrey; Symphytum officinale L.

BRASSICACEAE (CRUCIFERAE) – MUSTARD FAMILY (47)

Garlic Mustard; Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande (Introduced) Pale Madwort [Small Alyssum]; Alyssum alyssoides (L.) L. (Introduced) Mouse-Ear Cress; Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Sicklepod; Arabis canadensis L. Tower Rockcress [Mustard]; Arabis glabra (L.) Bernh. Hairy Rockcress; Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. Smooth Rockcress; Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir. var. laevigata Lyrate Rockcress [Sand Cress]; Arabis lyrata L. Yellow Rocket [Bitter WinterCress]; Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. (Introduced) Hoary Alyssum [Hoary False Madwort]; Berteroa incana (L.) DC. (Introduced) Black Mustard; Brassica Nigra (L.) W.D.J. Koch (Introduced) Field Mustard [Turnip]; Brassica rapa L. (Introduced) American Sea-Rocket; Cakile edentula (Bigelow) Hook. Coastal Searocket; Cakile lanceolata (Willd.) O.E. Schulz Shepherd’s Purse; Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. (Introduced) Slender Toothwort; Cardamine angustata O.E. Schulz [White] Springcress; Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. Ex Muhl.) BSP Cut-Leaved Toothwort [Pepperroot]; Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Limestone Bittercress [Purple Springcress]; Cardamine douglassii Britt. Hairy Bittercress; Cardamine hirsuta L. (Introduced) Small-Flowered [Sand] Bittercress; Cardamine parviflora L. [Western] Tansy Mustard; Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton ssp. brachycarpa (Richardson) Detling Herb Sophia [Common Tansy Mustard]; Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl (Introduced) Annual Wall [Sand] Rocket; Diplotaxis muralis (L.) DC. (Introduced) Wedgeleaf Draba [Whitlow Grass]; Draba cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray var. cuneifolia Early Whitlow-Grass [Spring Draba]; Draba verna L. (Introduced) Sanddune [Western] Wallflower; Erysimum capitatum (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene var. capitatum Wormseed Wallflower [Mustard]; Erysimum cheiranthoides L. (Introduced) Spreading Wallflower [Treacle Mustard]; Erysimum repandum L. (Introduced) Dame’s Rocket [Dame’s Violet]; Hesperis matronalis L. (Introduced) Purple [Violet] Rocket; Iodanthus pinnatifidus (Michx.) Steud. Michaux's Gladecress; Leavenworthia uniflora (Michx.) Britton [Cow; Field] Cress [Peppergrass]; Lepidium campestre L.) Ait. f. (Introduced) Common [Small] Pepperweed [Peppergrass]; Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. var. densiflorum Virginia Pepperweed [Common Peppergrass]; Lepidium virginicum L. Limestoneglade Bladderpod; Lesquerella filiformis Rollins Roundleaf Bladderpod; Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. ex Britton ssp. alba (Goodman) Rollins & Shaw [Annual] Honesty; Lunaria annua L. (Introduced) Perfoliate [Claspleaf] Pennycress; Microthlaspi perfoliatum (L.) F.K. Mey. (Thlaspi perfoliatum L.) (Introduced) Watercress; Nasturtium officinale Ait. f. (Introduced) Cultivated [Garden] Radish; Raphanus sativus L. (Introduced) Common [Bog] Yellowcress; Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. Creeping Yellow Cress; Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser Modoc Yellowcress; Rorippa tenerrima Greene [Tall] Tumble Mustard; Sisymbrium altissimum L. (Introduced) [Common] Hedge Mustard; Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. (Introduced) Field Pennycress [Stinkweed]; Thlaspi arvense L. (Introduced)

10 BROMELIACEAE – BROMELIAD OR PINEAPPLE FAMILY (2)

Southern Needleleaf [Wild Pine]; Tillandsia setacea Sw. Spanish Moss; Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L.

BUTOMACEAE – FLOWERING RUSH FAMILY (1)

Flowering Rush; Butomus umbellatus L. (Introduced)

BUXACEAE – BOXWOOD FAMILY (1)

Japanese Pachysandra [Spurge]; Pachysandra terminalis Siebold & Zucc. (Introduced)

CABOMBACEAE – WATER SHIELD FAMILY (2)

Watershield [Snot Plant]; Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Carolina Fanwort; Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray var. Caroliniana

CACTACEAE – CACTUS FAMILY (4)

Buck-Horn Cholla; Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa (Engelm. & J.M. Bigelow) F.M. Knuth California Barrel Cactus; Ferocactus cylindraceus (Engelm.) Orcutt Eastern Prickly-Pear Cactus [Devil’s Tongue]; Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. Erect [Shell Mound] Prickly-Pear Cactus; Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw.

CAMPANULACEAE – BELLFLOWER FAMILY (14)

Marsh [Bedstraw] Bellflower; Campanula aparinoides Pursh (C. uliginosa) Small Bonny Bellflower [Southern Harebell]; Campanula divaricata Michx. Creeping [Rampion, European] Bellflower; Campanula rapunculoides L. Bluebell Bellflower (Common Harebell); Campanula rotundifolia L. Arctic Bellflower; Campanula uniflora L. Tall [American] Bellflower; Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small Cardinal-Flower; Lobelia cardinalis L. Indian Tobacco; Lobelia inflata L. Kalm’s [Ontario] Lobelia; Lobelia kalmii L. Downy Lobelia; Lobelia puberula Michx. Great Blue Lobelia; Lobelia siphilitica L. Spiked [Palespike] Lobelia; Lobelia spicata Lam. Small Venus' Looking-Glass; Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene [Clasping; Round-Leaved] Venus’s Looking-Glass; Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl.

CANNABACEAE – INDIAN HEMP FAMILY (3)

Marijuana [Indian Hemp]; Cannabis sativa L. (Introduced) Japanese Hops; Humulus japonicus Siebold & Zucc. (Introduced) American [Common] Hops; Humulus lupulus L.

CAPPARACEAE – CAPER FAMILY (2)

Redwhisker Clammyweed; Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. (Introduced) Spider Flower [Pink Queen]; Cleome hassleriana Chod. (Introduced)

11 CAPRIFOLIACEAE – HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY (21)

Twinflower; Linnaea borealis L. ssp. americana (Forbes) Hultén ex R.T. Clausen Limber [Glaucous; Smooth-Leaved; Red] Honeysuckle; Lonicera dioica L. Yellow Honeysuckle; Lonicera flava Sims Twinberry [Bracted; Black] Honeysuckle; Lonicera involucrata (Richardson) Banks ex Spreng. var. involucrata Japanese Honeysuckle; Lonicera japonica Thunb. (Introduced) Amur Honeysuckle; Lonicera maackii (Rupr.) Herder (Introduced) Trumpet [Coral] Honeysuckle; Lonicera sempervirens L. Tatarian Honeysuckle; Lonicera tatarica L. (Introduced) Common Elderberry; Sambucus nigra L. ssp. Red [Black; Mountain] Elderberry; Sambucus racemosa L. Coralberry [Buckbrush, Indian Currant]; Symphoricarpos obficulatus Moench Early [Orange-Fruited] Horse-Gentian; Triosteum aurantiacum Bickn. Feverwort [Common Horse-Gentian]; Triosteum perfoliatum L. Mapleleaf Viburnum; Viburnum acerifolium L. Southern Arrowwood; Viburnum dentatum L. Squashberry; Viburnum edule (Michx.) Raf. Wayfaring Tree; Viburnum lantana L. (Introduced) Nannyberry; Viburnum lentago L. Black Haw; Viburnum prunifolium L. Rusty [Southern] Blackhaw [Wild Rasin]; Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Highbush-Cranberry; Viburnum trilobum Marsh.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE – PINK FAMILY (22)

Fendler's Sandwort; Arenaria fendleri A. Gray Thymeleaf Sandwort; Arenaria serpyllifolia L. (Introduced) Field Chickweed; Cerastium arvense L. ssp. velutinum (Raf.) Ugborogho Big [Common Mouse-Ear] Chickweed; Cerastium fontanum Baumg. ssp. vulgare (Hartm.) Greuter & Burdet (Introduced) Deptford Pink; Dianthus armeria L. (Introduced) Jagged Chickweed; Holosteum umbellatum L. (Introduced) Dixie Stitchwort; Minuartia muscorum (Fassett) Rabeler Twinflower [Alpine] Sandwort [Stitchwort]; Minuartia obtusiloba (Rydb.) House Pitcher's Stitchwort; Minuartia patula (Michx.) Mattf. Bouncing Bet [Soapwort]; Saponaria officinalis L. (Introduced) Moss Campion; Silene acaulis (L.) Jacq. var. subacaulescens (F.N. Williams) Fernald & H. St. John Sleepy Silene [Catchfly]; Silene antirrhina L. White [Evening] Campion; Silene latifolia Poir. ssp. alba (P. Mill.) Greuter & Burdet (Introduced) Royal Catchfly; Silene regia Sims Starry [Campion] Catchfly [windowsfrill]; Silene stellata (L.) Ait. f. Fire Pink; Silene virginica L. var. virginica Bladder Campion [Maidenstears]; Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke (Introduced) Media Sandspurry; Spergularia maritima (All.) Chiov. (Introduced) [Roadside, Red] Sand Spurrey; Spergularia rubra (L.) J.& K. Presl (Introduced) Longleaf Starwort [Stitchwort]; Stellaria longifolia Muhl. ex Willd. Common Chickweed; Stellaria media (L.) Vill. (Introduced) Star [Great] Chickweed; Stellaria pubera Michx.

CELASTRACEAE – BITTERSWEET FAMILY (8)

Oriental Bittersweet; Celastrus orbiculatus Thunb. (Introduced) [American] Bittersweet [Waxwork]; Celastrus scandens L.

12 Winged Burning Bush; Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold Strawberry Bush [Bursting-Heart]; Euonymus americanus L. Eastern Wahoo [Burningbush]; Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. var. atropurpureus European Spindletree; Euonymus europaeus L. (Introduced) Winter Creeper; Euonymus fortunei (Turcz.) Hand.-Maz. (Introduced) Running Strawberry Bush; Euonymus obovatus Nutt.

CERATOPHYLLACEAE – HORNWORT FAMILY (1)

Coon's tail [Hornwort]; Ceratophyllum demersum L.

CHENOPODIACEAE – GOOSEFOOT FAMILY (4)

Desert Holly; Atriplex hymenelytra (Torr.) S. Watson Lamb’s-Quarters [Pigweed]; Chenopodium album L. Strawberry Blite [Blite Goosefoot]; Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Asch. Mapleleaf Goosefoot; Chenopodium simplex (Torr.) Raf.

CISTACEAE – ROCKROSE FAMILY (3)

Plains Frostweed [Several-Flowered Rockrose]; Helianthemum bicknellii Fernald [Longbranch] Frostweed [Solitary-Flowered Rockrose; Rockrose]; Helianthemum canadense L. Michx. Hairy Pinweed; Lechea mucronata Raf. (L. villosa)

CLETHRACEAE – CLETHRA FAMILY (1)

Coastal Sweet Pepper-Bush; Clethra alnifolia L.

CLUSIACEAE – MANGOSTEEN OR ST. JOHNSWORT FAMILY (9)

Lesser (Small-Flowered) Canadian St. Johnswort; canadense L. Orangegrass; (L.) B.S.P. St. Andrew's Cross; (L.) Crantz ssp. multicaule (Michx. ex Willd.) N. Robson Kalm's St. Johnswort; L. Dwarf [Small Flowered] St. Johnswort; L. Common St. Johnswort; L. (Introduced) Shrubby St. Johnswort; L. Spotted St. Johnswort; Lam. Roundseed [Round-Fruited] St. Johnswort; Michx.

COMMELINACEAE – SPIDERWORT FAMILY (14)

Common [Asiatic] Day-Flower; Commelina communis L. (Introduced) Climbing Day-Flower; Commelina diffusa Burm. f. Whitemouth Dayflower; Commelina erecta L. Virginia Day-Flower; Commelina virginica L. Wart-Removing Herb [Marsh or Asian Dayflower or Spiderwort]; Murdannia keisak (Hassk.) Hand.-Maz. (Introduced) Ernest's Spiderwort; Tradescantia ernestiana E.S. Anderson & Woodson Hairystem Spiderwort; Tradescantia hirsuticaulis Small Wild Crocus [Dwarf Spiderwort]; Tradescantia longipes E.S. Anderson & Woodson Glaucous [Ohio] Spiderwort [Bluejacket]; Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. Ozark Spiderwort; Tradescantia ozarkana E.S. Anderson & Woodson Zigzag [Wide-Leaved] Spiderwort Tradescantia subaspera Ker-Gawl. var. subaspera

13 Tharp's [Dwarf] Spiderwort; Tradescantia tharpii E.S. Anderson & Woodson Virginia Spiderwort; Tradescantia virginiana L. Inchplant [Wandering Jew]; Tradescantia zebrina hort. ex Bosse (Introduced)

CONOCEPHALACEAE – LIVERWORT FAMILY (1)

Scented Liverwort; Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dumort.

CONVOLVULACEAE – MORNING-GLORY FAMILY (13)

Hedge [Typical] False Bindweed; Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. (Native and Introduced) Rectangular-sinused Hedge Bineweed; Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb. Subsp. Fraterniflora (Mack. & Bush) Brummitt Field Bindweed; Convolvulus arvensis L. (Introduced) Common Dodder Vine [Love vine]; Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex J.A. Schultes var. gronovii Carolina Ponysfoot; Dichondra carolinensis Michx. Garden Sweet Potato; Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Introduced) Red [Red-Centered] Morning-Glory [Redstar]; Ipomoea coccinea L. (Introduced) Ivyleaf Morning-Glory; Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. [Fiddle-Leaf] Beach Morning-Glory; Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb. Whitestar [Small White Morning-Glory]; Ipomoea lacunosa L. Wild Sweet Potato [Man of the Earth; Wild Potato Vine]; Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey Tall [Common] Morning-Glory; Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth (Introduced) Saltmarsh [Glades] Morning-Glory; Ipomoea sagittata Poir.

CORNACEAE – DOGWOOD FAMILY (8)

Alternate Leaf [Pagoda] Dogwood; Cornus alternifolia L. f. Silky Dogwood; Cornus amomum Mill. Bunchberry Dogwood [Dwarf Cornel]; Cornus canadensis L. Roughleaf Dogwood; Cornus drummondii C.A. Mey. Flowering Dogwood; Cornus florida L. Kousa Dogwood; Cornus kousa Hance (Introduced) Gray [Panicled] Dogwood; Cornus racemosa Lam. Red Ossier; Cornus sericea L. ssp. Sericea (Cornus stolonifera Michx.)

CRASSULACEAE – STONECROP (SEDUM) FAMILY (9)

Live-Forever [Witch's Moneybags]; Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H. Ohba. ssp. telephium [Sedum purpureum] (Introduced) Chandelier Plant [Kalancho]; Kalanchoe delagoensis Eckl. & Zeyh. (Introduced) Ditch Stonecrop; Penthorum sedoides L. Ledge Stonecrop [Kings Crown]; Rhodiola integrifolia Raf. Redpod Stonecrop [Queens Crown]; Rhodiola rhodantha (A. Gray) H. Jacobsen Spear- [Lance-] leaf Stonecrop; Sedum lanceolatum Torr. Widow’s Cross; Sedum pulchellum Michx. Stringy [Whorled-Leaved] Stonecrop; Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (Introduced) Woodland Stonecrop; Sedum ternatum Michx.

CUMURBITACEAE – GOURD OR CUCUMBER FAMILY (8)

Garden Watermelon; Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (Introduced) Garden Cucumber; Cucumis sativus L. (Introduced) Missouri [Buffalo; Wild] Gourd [Pumpkin]; Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth Field Pumpkin including Zucchini; Cucurbita pepo L. (Introduced in part)

14 Wild Pear Gourd [Ozark melon]; Cucurbita pepo L. var. ozarkana D. Decker Wild Cucumber [White Balsam Apple]; Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & Gray Creeping [Guadeloupe] Cucumber; Melothria pendula L. [One-Seeded] Bur Cucumber; Sicyos angulatus L.

CUPRESSACEAE – CYPRESS FAMILY (6)

Ashe's Juniper; Juniperus ashei J. Buchholz Common Juniper; Juniperus communis L. var. depressa Pursh Utah Juniper; Juniperus osteosperma (Torr.) Little Eastern Red Cedar [Juniper]; Juniperus virginiana L. var. virginiana Bald Cypress; Taxodium distichum (L.) L.C. Rich. Arbor Vitae [Northern White Cedar]; Thuja occidentalis L.

CYCADACEAE – CYCAD FAMILY (1)

Sago Palm [Cycad); Cycas revoluta Thunb. (Introduced)

CYPERACEAE - SEDGE FAMILY) (63)

Carex Genus (Species A-Z) – Sections from FNA

Sect. Acrocystis Whitetinge sedge; Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng. var. albicans Black Edge Sedge; Carex nigromarginata Schwein. Parasol Sedge; Carex umbellata Schkuhr ex Willd. Sect. Granulares Limestone Meadow Sedge; Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd. Sect. Griseae Eastern Narrowleaf Sedge; Carex amphibola Steud. Blue Sedge; Carex glaucodea Tuck. ex Olney Sect. Hymenochlaenae Davis' Sedge; Carex davisii Schwein. & Torr. Sharpscale Sedge; Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook. var. pubescens J.K. Underw. Sect. Laxiflorae Eastern Woodland Sedge; Carex blanda Dewey Sect. Lupulinae Gray's Sedge; Carex grayi Carey Hop Sedge; Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd. Sect. Multiflorae Fox Sedge; Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Sect. Ovales Bicknell's Sedge; Carex bicknellii Britton Fescue Sedge; Carex festucacea Schkuhr ex Willd. Troublesome Sedge; Carex molesta Mack. ex Bright Greater Straw Sedge; Carex normalis Mack. Blunt Broom Sedge; Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. Sect. Paludosae Shoreline Sedge; Carex hyalinolepis Steud. Sect. Paniceae Mead's Sedge; Carex meadii Dewey Sect. Phacoystis Fringed Sedge; Carex crinita Lam. var. crinita Sect. Phaestoglochin

15 Heavy Sedge; Carex gravida L.H. Bailey Leavenworth's Sedge; Carex leavenworthii Dewey Reflexed Sedge; Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd. Sect. Phyllostachyae James' Sedge; Carex jamesii Schwein. Sect. Porocystis Bush's Sedge; Carex bushii Mack. Carolina Sedge; Carex caroliniana Schwein. Fuzzy Wuzzy Sedge; Carex hirsutella Mack. Sect. Shortianae Short's Sedge; Carex shortiana Dewey Sect. Squarrosae Frank's Sedge; Carex frankii Kunth Cattail Sedge; Carex typhina Michx. Squarrose Sedge; Carex squarrosa L. Sect. Vesicariae Shallow [Lurid] Sedge; Carex lurida Wahlenb. Sect. Vulpinae Ravenfoot (Crowfoot) Sedge; Carex crus-corvi Shuttlw. ex Kunze

Cyperus Genus (A-Z) Globe Flatsedge; Cyperus echinatus (L.) Alph. Wood Redroot Flatsedge; Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Yellow Nutsedge; Cyperus esculentus L. Yellow Flat Sedge; Cyperus flavescens L. Ricefield Flatsedge; Cyperus iria L. (Introduced) Marsh Flat Sedge; Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. Reflexed Flat-Sedge; Cyperus refractus Engelm. ex Boeckeler Strawcolored Flatsedge; Cyperus strigosus L.

Eleocharis Genus (A-Z) Flatstem Spike Rush; Eleocharis compressa Sull. var. compressa Bald Spike-Rush; Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Pale Spike Rush; Eleocharis macrostachya Britton Blunt Spike-Rush; Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schult. Common Spike-Rush; Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. Squarestem Spike Rush; Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult.

Fimbristylis Genus (A-Z) Slender Fimbry; Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roem. & Schult.

Scirpus Genus (A-Z) Green [Common] Bulrush; Scirpus atrovirens Willd. Wool Grass; Scirpus cyperinus (L.) Kunth Rufous Bulrush; Scirpus pendulus Muhl.

Scleria Genus (A-Z) Fringed Nutrush [Hairy Nut Grass]; Scleria ciliata Michx. var. ciliata Littlehead [Few-Flowered] Nutrush; Scleria oligantha Michx. Whip [Tall] Nutrush [Grass]; Scleria triglomerata Michx.

Rhynchospora Genus (A-Z) Brown Beak Sedge [Rush]; Rhynchospora capitellata (Michx.) Vahl Shortbristle Horned Beaksedge; Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) A. Gray Globe [Globe-Fruited] Beak Sedge; Rhynchospora globularis (Chapm.) Small

16 Sandswamp Whitetop [Whitetop Sedge]; Rhynchospora latifolia (Baldw. ex Ell.) Thomas

Schoenoplectus Genus (A-Z) Common Three-Square Bulrush [Chair-Maker’s Rush]; Schoenoplectus pungens (Vahl) Palla Softstem [Great] Bulrush; Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C.C. Gmel.) Palla

Other Sedge Genera (A-Z) Smooth Sawgrass [Twig-Rush]; Cladium mariscoides (Muhl.) Torr. Jamaica Swamp Sawgrass; Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl ssp. jamaicense (Crantz) Kük Keeled Bulrush; Isolepis carinata Hook. & Arn. ex Torr.

CYRILLACEAE – CYRLLIA FAMILY (2)

Buckwheat Tree [Black Titi]; Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton ex Sarg. Swamp Titi [Leatherwood]; Cyrilla racemiflora L.

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE – BRACKEN FERN FAMILY (1)

Western Bracken Fern; Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn

DIOSCOREACEAE – YAM FAMILY (2)

Chinese Yam [Cinnamon Vine]; Dioscorea oppositifolia L. (Introduced) Wild Yam [Yamroot]; Dioscorea villosa L.

DIPSACACEAE – TEASEL FAMILY (2)

Common [Fuller’s] Teasel; Dipsacus fullonum L. ssp. sylvestris (Huds.) Clapham (Introduced) Cut-Leaf Teasel; Dipsacus laciniatus L. (Introduced)

DROSERACEAE – SUNDEW FAMILY (2)

Spoonleaf [Spoon-Leaved] Sundew; Drosera intermedia Hayne Roundleaf Sundew; Drosera rotundifolia L. var. rotundifolia

DRYOPTERIDACEAE – WOOD FERN FAMILY (3)

Sensitive Fern; Onoclea sensibilis L. Christmas Fern; Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott Blunt-Lobed Cliff Fern [Common Woodsia]; Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. Subsp. obtusa

EBENACEAE – EBONY FAMILY (1)

Persimmon; Diospyros virginiana L.

ELAEAGNACEAE – OLEASTER FAMILY (2)

Russian Olive; Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Introduced) Autumn Elaeagnus [Olive]; Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. (Introduced)

EMPETRACEAE – CROWBERRY FAMILY (1)

Sand Heath [Rosemary]; Ceratiola ericoides Michx.

17

EPHEDRACEAE – EPHEDRA OR MORMON TEA FAMILY (1)

Nevada Joint-Fir (Mormon Tea); Ephedra nevadensis S. Watson

EQUISETACEAE – HORSETAIL FAMILY (2)

Field Horsetail; Equisetum arvense L. Common] Scouring Rush Horsetail; Equisetum hyemale L. var. affine (Engelm.) A.A. Eaton

ERICACEAE – HEATH FAMILY (15)

Kinnikinnick [Alpine Bearberry]; Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng. Leatherleaf; Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench Wintergreen [Mountain-Tea; Eastern Teaberry]; Gaultheria procumbens L. [Black] Huckleberry; Gaylussacia baccata (Wangenh.) K. Koch Dwarf Huckleberry; Gaylussacia dumosa (Andrews) Torr. & A. Gray Bog Labrador Tea; Gledum groenlandicum Oeder Rusty Staggerbush [Rusty Lyonia]; Lyonia ferruginea (Walter) Nutt. Great [Rosebay] Rhododendron [Laurel]; Rhododendron maximum L. Early [Wild] Azalea; Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais (R. roseum (Loisel.) Rehd.) Lowbush Blueberry; Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton Farkleberry [Highbush Blueberry; Sparkleberry]; Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. [Northern] Highbush Blueberry; Vaccinium corymbosum L. Small Cranberry; Vaccinium oxycoccos L. Blue Ridge blueberry; Vaccinium pallidum Aiton Deerberry [Highbush or Squaw Huckleberry]; Vaccinium stamineum L.

EUPHORBIACEAE – SPURGE FAMILY (25)

Slender Three-Seed Mercury; Acalypha monococca (Engelm. ex Gray) L. Mill. & Gandhi Pineland Threeseed Mercury [Roughpod Copperleaf]; Acalypha ostryifolia Riddell Common Threeseed Mercury; Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. Virginia Threeseed Mercury; Acalypha virginica L. Creeping [Prostrate] Spurge [Spotted Sandmat]; Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small (Euphorbia maculata) Prairie Sandmat; Chamaesyce missurica (Raf.) Shinners Eyebane [Nodding Spurge]; Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small Matted Sandmat [Broomspurge]; Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small Finger Rot [Tread-Softly; Spurge Nettle]; Cnidoscolus urens (L.) Arthur var. stimulosus (Michx.) Govaerts [Wolly Croton] Hogwort; Croton capitatus Michx. Vente Conmigo [Sand or Tropic Croton]; Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis Müll. Arg. Prairie Tea [One-Seeded Croton]; Croton monanthogynus Michx. Common Rushfoil; Croton willdenowii G.L. Webster Tinted Woodland [Wood] Spurge; Euphorbia commutata Engelm. ex A. Gray Flowering Spurge; Euphorbia corollata L. Fire on the Mountain [Painted-leaf; Wild Poinsettia; Painted Spurge]; Euphorbia cyathophora Murr. Cypress Spurge; Euphorbia cyparissias L. (Introduced) Toothed Spurge; Euphorbia dentata Michx. [Poinsettia dentata] Leafy Spurge; Euphorbia esula L. (Introduced) Snow-On-The-Mountain; Euphorbia marginata Pursh Missouri Maidenbush; Leptopus phyllanthoides (Nutt.) G.L. Webster (Andrachne phyllanthoides) Castorbean; Ricinus communis L. (Introduced) Betonyleaf Noseburn; Tragia betonicifolia Nutt.

18 Branched Noseburn; Tragia ramosa Torr. Chinese Tallow [Popcorn] Tree; Triadica sebifera (L.) Small (Introduced) (Sapium sebifera)

FABACEAE – PEA OR BEAN FAMILY (96)

Catclaw Acacia; Acacia greggii A. Gray [Acacia; Silk Tree]; Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (Introduced) Leadplant; Amorpha canescens Pursh [Desert] False Indigo; Amorpha fruticosa L. American Hog-Peanut; Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. Ground Nut; Apios americana Medik. Groundplum Milkvetch; Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. var. crassicarpus Groundplum Milkvetch; Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. var. trichocalyx (Nutt.) Barneby (A. mexicanus) Woolly Locoweed; Astragalus mollissimus Torr. [Largeleaf] White Wild Indigo; Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. var. macrophylla (Larisey) Isely Blue Wild [False] Indigo; Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. var. minor (Lehm.) Fernald Longbract Wild Indigo; Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Elliot var. leucophaea (Nutt.) Kartesz & Gandhi Yellow Wild Indigo [Horseflyweed]; Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f. Spurred Butterfly Pea; Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth. [Eastern] Redbud; Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis Partridge-Pea; Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene [Cassia fasciculata] Sensitive Plant [Partridge Pea]; Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench [Kentucky] Yellowwood; Cladrastis kentukea (Dum.-Cours.) Rudd Atlantic Pigeonwings [Butterfly Pea]; Clitoria mariana L. [Purple] Crownvetch [Axseed]; Coronilla varia L. [Introduced] White Prairie Clover; Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. var. Candida Purple Prairie Clover; Dalea purpurea Vent. var. purpurea Royal Poinciana [Flame Tree]; Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. [Illinois Bundleflower] Prairie Mimosa [False Sensitive Plant]; Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. Ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. Canada [Showy] Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. Hoary Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium canescens (L.) DC. Pointed-Leaved Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood Illinois Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium illinoense A. Gray Smooth Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium laevigatum (Nutt.) DC. Naked-Flower [Bare-Stemmed] Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. Panicledleaf Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. Fewflower Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium pauciflorum (Nutt.) DC. Prostrate [Round-Leaved] Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium rotundifolium DC. Sessileleaf Tick-Trefoil; Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr.) Torr. & A. Gray Red Cardinal [Coral or Cherokee Bean]; Erythrina herbacea L. Water Locust; Gleditsia aquatica Marsh. Honey Locust; Gleditsia triacanthos L. Soybean; Glycine max (L.) Merr. (Introduced) Kentucky Coffeetree; Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch Korean Clover; Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino (Introduced) Japanese Clover; Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. (Introduced) [Singletary] Caley Pea; Lathyrus hirsutus L. (Introduced) Beach Pea; Lathyrus japonicus Willd. Everlasting [Perennial] Pea; Lathyrus latifolius L. (Introduced) Cream Pea [Vetchling]; Lathyrus ochroleucus Hook. Marsh Pea [Vetchling]; Lathyrus palustris L. Shrub Lespedeza; Lespedeza bicolor Turcz. (Introduced) Roundheaded Bushclover [Lespedeza]; Lespedeza capitata Michx. Sericea Lespedeza; Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don (Introduced) Hairy Bush Clover [Lespedeza]; Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. ssp. hirta Lespedeza capitata Michx.

19 Trailing Lespedeza; Lespedeza procumbens Michx. Slender Bushclover [Lespedeza]; Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britton Michaux's Gladecress; Leavenworthia uniflora (Michx.) Britton Birdfoot Trefoil; Lotus corniculatus L. (Introduced) Silvery Lupine; Lupinus argenteus Pursh Sundial [Wild] Lupine; Lupinus perennis L. ssp. Perennis Spotted Medick; Medicago arabica (L.) Huds. (Introduced) Black Medic; Medicago lupulina L. (Introduced) Alfalfa [Lucerne]; Medicago sativa L. (Introduced) [Yellow; White] Sweet Clover; Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. (Introduced) Nuttall's Sensitive-Briar; Mimosa nuttallii (DC. ex Britton & Rose) B.L. Turner Sampson's Snakeroot; Orbexilum pedunculatum (Mill.) Rydb. var. pedunculatum Purple Locoweed; Oxytropis lambertii Pursh Silky [White] Locoweed; Oxytropis sericea Nutt. Showy Locoweed; Oxytropis splendens Douglas ex Hook. Silverleaf Indian Breadroot [Scurfpea]; Pediomelum argophyllum (Pursh) J. Grimes Honey [Glandular] Mesquite; Prosopis glandulosa Torr. Slimflower Scurfpea [Scurfy Pea]; Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. Kudzu; Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. var. lobata (Willd.) Maesen & S. Almeida (Introduced) Bristly Locust [Rose Acacia]; Robinia hispida L. Black Locust; Robinia pseudoacacia L. Prairie Snoutbean; Rhynchosia latifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray American [Northern] Wild Senna; Senna hebecarpa (Fern.) Irwin & Barneby Southern Wild [Maryland] Senna; Senna marilandica (L.) Link Bigpod Sesbania; Sesbania herbacea (Mill.) McVaugh Mescal Bean [Texas Mountain Laurel]; Sophora secundiflora (Ortega) Lag. ex DC. Wild Bean [Amberique Bean]; Strophostyles helvola (L.) Elliott Pink Fussy Bean; Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britton [Sidebeak] Pencil Flower; Stylosanthes biflora (L.) B.S.P. [Virginia Tephrosia] Goat’s Rue; Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. Spreadfruit Goldenbanner; Thermopsis divaricarpa A. Nelson Rabbit-Foot Clover; Trifolium arvense L. (Introduced) Field Clover [Pinnate; Low Hop-Clover]; Trifolium campestre Schreb. (Introduced) Alpine [Whiproot] Clover; Trifolium dasyphyllum Torr. & A. Gray Suckling Clover [Least Hop-Clover]; Trifolium dubium Sibthorp (Introduced) Alsike Clover; Trifolium hybridum L. (Introduced) Crimson Clover; Trifolium incarnatum L. (Introduced) Parry's Clover; Trifolium parryi A. Gray Red Clover; Trifolium pratense L. (Introduced) [Annual] Buffalo Clover; Trifolium reflexum L. White Clover; Trifolium repens L. (Introduced) Carolina [Woodland] Vetch; Vicia caroliniana Walter Garden Vetch; Vicia sativa L. (var. segetalis & nigra) (Introduced) Hairy [Winter] Vetch; Vicia villosa Roth (Introduced) Winter Vetch; Vicia villosa Roth ssp. varia (Host) Corb. (Introduced) American Wisteria; Wisteria frutescens (L.) Poir. Chinese Wisteria; Wisteria sinensis (Sims) DC. (Introduced)

FAGACEAE – BEECH FAMILY (29)

Chestnut Hybrid; Castanea sp. American Beech; Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. Sawtooth [Gobbler] Oak; Quercus acutissima Carruthers (Introduced) Arkansas Oak; Quercus arkansana Sarg. White Oak; Quercus alba L. Swamp White Oak; Quercus bicolor Willd.

20 European Turkey [Bitter] Oak; Quercus cerris L. (Introduced) Scarlet Oak; Quercus coccinea Muenchh. Southern Red [Spanish] Oak; Quercus falcata Michx. Gambel Oak; Quercus gambelii Nutt. Sand Live Oak; Quercus geminata Small Shingle [Laurel] Oak; Quercus imbricaria Michx. Turkey Oak; Quercus laevis Walter Overcup Oak; Quercus lyrata Walt. Bur [Mossy-Cup] Oak; Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Blackjack Oak; Quercus marilandica Münchh. Swamp Chestnut (Cow; Basket) Oak; Quercus michauxii Nutt. Chinkapin [Chinquapin] Oak; Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. Myrtle Oak; Quercus myrtifolia Willd. Water Oak; Quercus nigra L. Pin Oak; Quercus palustris Muenchh. Willow Oak; Quercus phellos L. [Rock] Chestnut Oak; Quercus prinus L. (Q. montana Wild.) Northern Red Oak; Quercus rubra L. var. rubra (Q. borealis var. maxima) (Marsh.) Ashe Shumard's Oak; Quercus shumardii Buckley Post Oak; Quercus stellata Wangenh. Texas Red [Nuttall] Oak; Quercus texana Buckley Black Oak; Quercus velutina Lam. [Virginia] Live Oak; Quercus virginiana P. Mill.

FUMARIACEAE – FUMITORY (BLEEDING-HEART) FAMILY (9)

Scrambled Eggs [Golden Corydalis]; Corydalis aurea Willd. Mealy Fumewort [Corydalis]; Corydalis crystallina Engelm. Curvepod Fumewort; Corydalis curvisiliqua Engelm. Short-Spurred [Yellow] Corydalis; Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. Smallflower Fumewort; Corydalis micrantha (Engelm. ex A. Gray) A. Gray ssp. australis (Chapm.) G.B. Ownbey Squirrel Corn; Dicentra canadensis (Goldie) Walp. Dutchman’s Breeches; Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Drug Fumitory; EarthSmoke; Fumaria officinalis L. (Introduced) Bleeding Heart; Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) (Introduced)

GENTIANACEAE – GENTIAN FAMILY (13)

Branched Centaury; Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce (Introduced) Lady Bird's Centaury; Centaurium texense (Griseb.) Fernald American columbo; Frasera caroliniensis Walter Elkweed [Green Gentian]; Frasera speciosa Douglas ex Griseb. [Closed] Bottle Gentian; Gentiana andrewsii Griseb. var. andrewsii Downy Gentian; Gentiana puberulenta J. Pringle [Harvestbells] Soapwort Gentian; Gentiana saponaria L. Autumn Dwarf Gentian; Gentianella amarella (L.) Börner Greater Fringed Gentian; Gentianopsis crinita (Froel.) Ma Lesser [Western] Fringed Gentian; Gentianopsis virgata (Raf.) Holub ssp. Virgata (G. procera (Holm) Ma) [Virginia] Pennywort; Obolaria virginica L. Rosepink [Common Marsh Pink]; Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh Sea Pink [Rose of Plymouth]; Sabatia stellaris Pursh

GERANIACEAE – GERANIUM FAMILY (9)

21 Redstem Stork’s Bill [Storksbill; Alfilaria; Red-Stemmed Filaree]; Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Ait. (Introduced) Pineywoods [Purple Wild] Geranium; Geranium caespitosum James Carolina Cranesbill [Carolina Geranium]; Geranium carolinianum L. var. carolinianum Long-Stalk Crane’s Bill; Geranium columbinum L. ( Introduced) Cutleaf Geranium; Geranium dissectum L. (Introduced) Wild [Spotted] Geranium; Geranium maculatum L. Dovefoot Geranium; Geranium molle L. (Introduced) Richardson's Geranium; Geranium richardsonii Fisch. & Trautv. Robert Geranium [Herb-Robert]; Geranium robertianum L. ssp. Robertianum

GINKGOACEAE – GINKGO OR MAIDENHAIR TREE FAMILY (1)

Ginkgo or Maidenhair Tree; Ginkgo biloba L. (Introduced)

GROSSULARIACEAE – (CURRANT FAMILY) (7)

American Black Currant; Ribes americanum P. Mill. Golden [Buffalo] Currant; Ribes odoratum H.L. Wendl. Eastern Prickly Gooseberry [Dogberry]; Ribes cynosbati L. Smooth [Hairystem] Gooseberry; Ribes hirtellum Michx. Missouri Gooseberry; Ribes missouriense Nutt. Gooseberry [Mountain] Currant; Ribes montigenum McClatchie Cultivated [Red] Currant; Ribes rubrum L. (Introduced)

HALORAGACEAE – WATER MILFOIL FAMILY (3)

Two-Leaf Water Milfoil; Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. Eurasian Water Milfoil; Myriophyllum spicatum L. (Introduced) Marsh Mermaidweed; Proserpinaca palustris L. var. amblyogona Fernald

HAMAMELIDACEAE – WITCH-HAZEL FAMILY (3)

Sweet Gum; L. Ozark [Vernal] Witch-Hazel; Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. American [Southern; Eastern] Witch-Hazel; Hamamelis virginiana L.

HIPPOCASTANACEAE – HORSECHESTNUT (BUCKEYE) FAMILY (3)

Ohio Buckeye; Aesculus glabra Willd. var. glabra Horse Chestnut; Aesculus hippocastanum L. (Introduced) Red Buckeye; Aesculus pavia L.

HYDRANGEACEAE – MOCK-ORANGE FAMILY (3)

Wild Hydrangea; Hydrangea arborescens L. Five Petal Cliffbush [Waxflower]; Jamesia americana Torr. & A. Gray var. Americana Sweet [Garden] Mock Orange; Philadelphus coronarius L. [Introduced]

HYDROCHARITACEAE – TAPE GRASS or FROG BIT FAMILY (3)

Elodea [Canadian Waterweed]; Elodea canadensis Michx. American Frogbit [Sponge Plant]; Limnobium spongia (Bosc) Rich. ex Steud.

22 American Eel Grass [Tape Grass]; Vallisneria americana Michx.

HYDROPHYLLACEAE – WATERLEAF FAMILY (9)

Ovate False Fiddleleaf; Hydrolea ovata Nutt. ex Choisy Oneflower False Fiddleleaf [Hydrolea]; Hydrolea uniflora Raf. Great [Appendaged] Waterleaf; Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Michx. Bluntleaf [Broad-Leaved] Waterleaf; Hydrophyllum canadense L. Virginia [Eastern] Waterleaf [Shawnee Salad]; Hydrophyllum virginianum L. Fernleaf Phacelia; Phacelia bipinnatifida Michx. Fuzzy Phacelia; Phacelia hirsuta Nutt. Miami Mist; Phacelia purshii Buckley Silky Phacelia [Scorpionweed]; Phacelia sericea (Graham) A. Gray

IRIDACEAE – IRIS FAMILY (11)

Blackberry Lily; Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. (Introduced) Dwarf Crested Iris; Iris cristata Aiton Copper [Red] Iris; Iris fulva Ker Gawl. German Iris [Blue Flag]; Iris germanica L. (Introduced) Yellow Iris [Flag]; Iris pseudacorus L. (Introduced) Southern Blue Flag [Shreve's Iris]; Iris virginica L. var. shrevei (Small) E.S. Anderson Larger Blue Flag [Harlequin Blueflag]; Iris versicolor L. Common Blue-Eyed Grass; Sisyrinchium albidum Raf. Stout Blue-Eyed Grass; Sisyrinchium angusgtiflium Mill. Eastern Blue-Eyed Grass; Sisyrinchium atlanticum E.P. Bicknell Prairie Blue-Eyed Grass; Sisyrinchium campestre E.P. Bicknell

JUGLANDACEAE – WALNUT FAMILY (9)

Bitternut Hickory; Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch Pignut Hickory; Carya glabra (Mill.) Sweet Pecan; Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Shellbark Hickory; Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don Shagbark Hickory; Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch Black Hickory; Carya texana Buckley Mockernut [White] Hickory; Carya tomentosa (Lam.) Nutt. Butternut [White Walnut]; Juglans cinerea L. Black Walnut; Juglans nigra L.

JUNCACEAE – RUSH FAMILY (12)

Sharp-Fruited [Tapertip] Rush; Juncus acuminatus Michx. Whiteroot Rush; Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. Weak Rush; Juncus debilis A. Gray Slimpod Rush; Juncus diffusissimus Buckley Common Rush; Juncus effusus L. Grass-Leaf Rush; Juncus marginatus Rostk. Stout Rush; Juncus nodatus Coville Lopsided Rush; Juncus secundus P. Beauv. ex Poir. Path [Poverty] Rush; Juncus tenuis Willd. Torrey's Rush; Juncus torreyi Coville Roundhead Rush; Juncus validus Coville Bulbous Woodrush; Luzula bulbosa (Alph. Wood) Smyth & Smyth (Luzula campesteris (L.)

23 DC. var bulbosa)

LAMIACEAE – MINT FAMILY (53)

Yellow Giant Hyssop; Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze Common [Carpet] Bugle; Ajuga reptans L. (Introduced) Downy Wood-Mint [Downy Pagoda-Plant]; Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth. Hairy Wood-Mint [Pagoda-Plant]; Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. Limestone Calamint; Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House Scarlet Calamint [Red Basil]; Clinopodium coccineum (Nutt. ex Hook.) Kuntze (Satureja coccineum) Horsebalm [Richweed; Stoneroot]; Collinsonia canadensis L. False [Minty] Rosemary; Conradina canescens (Torr. & A. Gray ex Benth.) A. Gray [Common] Dittany; Cunila origanoides (L.) Britton Gill-Over-The-Ground [Ground Ivy]; Glechoma hederacea L. (Introduced) Drummond's False [Mock] Pennyroyal; Hedeoma drummondii Benth. Rough False Pennyroyal; Hedeoma hispida Pursh Henbit; Lamium amplexicaule L. (Introduced) Purple Deadnettle; Lamium purpureum L. var. purpureum (Introduced) [Common] Motherwort; Leonurus cardiaca L. (Introduced) [Cut-Leaved] American [Bugleweed] Water Horehound; Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart. Rough [Water-Horehound] Bugleweed; Lycopus asper Greene Virginia Water Horehound [Bugleweed]; Lycopus virginicus L. Lemon [Common] Balm; Melissa officinalis L. (Introduced) Field [Wild] Mint; Mentha arvensis L. Peppermint; Mentha piperita L. (hybrid of M. spicata x M. aquatica) (Introduced) Spearmint; Mentha spicata L. (Introduced) Foxtail Mint [Spearmint]; Mentha ×villosa Huds. (pro sp.) [spicata × suaveolens] (Introduced) Eastern Beebalm [Horse Mint]; Monarda bradburiana Beck [Scarlet] Bee-Balm [Oswego Tea]; Monarda didyma L. (often Introduced) Wild Bergamot; Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. Fistulosa var. fistulosa [Brown-Spotted] Horsemint [Spotted Beebalm]; Monarda punctata L. ssp. punctata var. villicaulis (Pennell) Palmer & Steyermark Catnip; Nepeta cataria L. (Introduced) Beafsteak Plant; Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. crispa (Introduced) Beafsteak Plant; Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. var. frutescens. (Introduced) Narrowleaf False Dragonhead [Obedient Plant]; Physostegia angustifolia Fernald Slender False Dragonhead; Physostegia intermedia (Nutt.) Engelm. & Gray False Dragonhead [Obedient Plant]; Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. Common Selfheal [Heal-All]; Prunella vulgaris L. Whiteleaf Mountain Mint; Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & A. Gray Narrowleaf [Slender] Mountain Mint; Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. Whorled [Hairy] Mountain-Mint; Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperrider Virginia Mountain-Mint; Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) T. Dur. & B.D. Jackson ex B.L. Robins. & Fern. Blue [Pitcher] Sage; Salvia azurea Michx. ex Lam. var. grandiflora Lyre-Leaved Sage [Cancer Weed]; Salvia lyrata L. Hairy Skullcap; Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. ex Spreng. var. elliptica Hairy Skullcap; Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. ex Spreng. var. hirsuta (Short & Peter) Fernald Marsh Skullcap; Scutellaria galericulata L. [S. epilobiifolia] Hoary [Downy] Skullcap; Scutellaria incana Biehler var. incana Blue [Mad Dog] Skullcap; Scutellaria lateriflora L. var. Lateriflora Heart-Leaved Skullcap; Scutellaria ovata Hill ssp. Ovata Small Skullcap; Scutellaria parvula Michx. Hyssopleaf [Rough] Hedgenettle; Stachys aspera Michx. Woolly Hedgenettle [Lamb’s Ear]; Stachys byzantina K. Koch (Introduced) Smooth Hedge-Nettle; Stachys tenuifolia Willd.

24 American [Canadian] Germander [Wood Sage]; Teucrium canadense L. False Pennyroyal [Fluxweed]; Trichostema brachiatum L. [Isanthus brachiatus] Forked Bluecurls [Bastard Pennyroyal]; Trichostema dichotomum L.

LAURACEAE – LAUREL FAMILY (2)

[Northern] Spicebush; Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume Sassafras; Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees

LEMNACEAE – DUCKWEED FAMILY (1)

Common Duckweed; Lemna minor L.

LENTIBULARIACEAE – BLADDERWORT FAMILY (6)

Violet Butterwort; Pinguicula ionantha Godfrey Small Butterwort; Pinguicula pumila Michx. Swollen Bladderwort; Utricularia inflata Walter Flatleaf Bladderwort; Utricularia intermedia Hayne Common [Great] Bladderwort; Utricularia macrorhiza Le Conte [U. vulgaris] Zigzag Bladderwort; Utricularia subulata L.

LILIACEAE – LILY FAMILY (46)

White Colic-Root [Stargrass; Unicorn-Root]; Aletris farinosa L. Wild [Meadow] Garlic; Allium canadense L. var. canadense Meadow Garlic; Allium canadense L. var. mobilense (Regel) Ownbey Nodding Wild Onion; Allium cernuum Roth. var. cernuum Chives; Allium schoenoprasum L. var. schoenoprasum (Introduced) Wild [Autumn] Onion; Allium stellatum Nutt. ex Ker-Gawl. Wild [Field] Garlic; Allium vineale L. (Introduced) Garden Asparagus; Asparagus officinalis L. (Introduced) Gunnison's Mariposa Lily; Calochortus gunnisonii S. Watson var. gunnisonii Prairie Camas [Hyacinth]; Camassia angusta (Engelm. & A. Gray) Blank. Atlantic Camas [Wild Hyacinth]; Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory Lily-Of-The-Valley; Convallaria majalis L. (Introduced) Texas Sotol; Dasylirion texanum Scheele White Trout-Lily [White Fawnlily; Mottle-Leaved White Trout-Lily]; Erythronium albidum Nutt. Yellow Trout-Lily [Yellow Adder’s Tongue; Dogtooth Violet]; Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl. ssp. americanum Orange Day-Lily; Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L (Introduced) Yellow [Lemon] Daylily; Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. (Introduced) Carolina Spiderlily; Hymenocallis caroliniana (L.) Herbert Yellow Stargrass [Common Goldstar]; Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Michigan Lily; Lilium michiganense Farw. Wood Lily; Lilium philadelphicum L. var. andinum (Nutt.) Ker Gawl. Common Alplily; Lloydia serotina (L.) Salisb. ex Rchb. [Wild Lily-Of-The-Valley] Canada Mayflower; Maianthemum canadense Desf. False Solomon’s-Seal [Feathery Solomon’s Plume; Feathery False Lily of the Valley]; Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. amplexicaule (Nutt.) LaFrankie Starry Solomon’s-Plume [Star Flowered Solomon’s Seal; Starry False Lily of the Valley]; Maianthemum stellatum (L.) Link Indian Cucumber Root; Medeola virginiana L. Common Grape Hyacinth; Muscari botryoides (L.) P. Mill. (Introduced)

25 Poet’s-Narcissus; Narcissus poeticus L. (Introduced) Daffodil; Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. (Introduced) Crow Poison [False Garlic]; Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton (Introduced) Star-Of-Bethlehem [Sleepydick]; Ornithogalum umbellatum L. (Introduced) Smooth Solomon’s-Seal; Polygonatum biflorum (Walter) Elliot var. biflorum (Walter) Elliot [excluded] Great [Large] Solomon’s-Sea; Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. var. commutatum (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Morong Hairy Solomon's Seal; Polygonatum pubescens (Willd.) Pursh Clasp-Leaf Twisted-Stalk; Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. Sticky Tofieldia; Triantha glutinosa (Michx.) Baker Drooping Trillium [Nodding Wakerobin]; Trillium flexipes Raf. Large-Flowered [Snow, White] Trillium; Trillium grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb. Bloody Butcher [Purple Trillium; Purple Wake Robin]; Trillium recurvatum Beck Sessile [Toad or Toadshade] Trillium; Trillium sessile L. Tapertip Wake Robin [Green Trillium]; Trillium viridescens Nutt. Large-Flowered Bellwort [Big Merrybells]; Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Wild Oats [Little Merrybells, Sessileleaf Bellwort]; Uvularia sessilifolia L. Virginia Bunchflower; Veratrum virginicum (L.) W.T. Aiton Wood's Bunchflower [False Hellebore]; Veratrum woodii J.W. Robbins ex Alph. Wood Mountain Death Camas; Zigadenus elegans Pursh ssp. Elegans

LINACEAE – FLAX FAMILY (3)

Lewis [Western Blue] Flax; Linum lewisii Pursh Grooved Flax; Linum sulcatum Riddell Common [Blue-Flowered] Flax [Linseed]; Linum usitatissimum L. (Introduced)

LOASACEAE – LOASA FAMILY (1)

Chickenthief [Stick Leaf]; Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. ex Sims

LOGANIACEAE – LOGANIA FAMILY (2)

Evening Trumpet Flower [Carolina or Yellow Jessamine]; Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) W.T. Aiton Woodland Pinkroot; Spigelia marilandica (L.) L.

LYCOPODIACEAE – CLUB-MOSS FAMILY (3)

Fir Clubmoss [Northern Fir-Moss]; Huperzia selago (L.) Bernh. ex Schrank & Mart. Ground Cedar [Ground Pine]; Lycopodium complanatum L. Tree Ground Pine; Lycopodium dendroideum Michx. (?)

LYTHRACEAE – LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY (7)

[Scarlet] Tooth-Cup [Valley Redstem]; Ammannia coccinea Rottb. [Blue] Waxweed [Clammy Cuphea]; Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. [C. petiolata] Swamp Loosestrife; Decodon verticillatus (L.) Elliot Crape [Crepe] Myrtle; Lagerstroemia indica L. f (Introduced) Purple Loosestrife; Lythrum salicaria L. (Introduced) Winged Loosestrife; Lythrum alatum Pursh var. alatum Lowland Rotala [Wheelwort]; Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne

MAGNOLIACEAE – MAGNOLIA FAMILY (4)

26

Tuliptree [Tulip Tree, Yellow-Poplar]; Liriodendron tulipifera L. Cucumber-Tree; Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. Southern Magnolia; Magnolia grandiflora L. Umbrella-Tree; Magnolia tripetala (L.) L.

MALVACEAE – MALLOW FAMILY (20)

Garden Okra; Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench (Introduced) Velvet-Leaf; Abutilon theophrasti Medik. (Introduced) Velvet-Leaf Mallow; Allowissadula holosericea (Scheele) D.M. Bates Hollyhock; Athae rosea L. (Introduced) Crested [Spurred] Anoda; Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl. (Introduced?) Fringed Poppy Mallow [Winecup]; Callirhoe digitata Nutt. Purple Poppymallow; Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. & A. Gray) A. Gray var. Involucrata Upland Cotton; Gossypium hirsutum L. (Introduced?) Halberd-Leaved Rose-Mallow; Hibiscus laevis All. Crimsoneyed [Swamp] Rosemallow; Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav. (H. moscheutos L.) Rose of Sharon [Shrubby Althaea]; Hibiscus syriacus L. (Introduced) Flower-Of-An-Hour; Hibiscus trionum L. (Introduced) Musk Mallow; Malva moschata L. (Introduced) Common Mallow [Cheeses]; Malva neglecta Wallr. (Introduced) Threelobe False Mallow; Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Garcke (Introduced) Wax Mallow [Turk’s Cap]; Malvaviscus arboreus Dill. ex Cav. (Introduced) Spreading Fanpetals [Sida]; Sida abutifolia Mill. Bates Prickly Fanpetals [Sida]; Sida spinosa L. Salt Spring Checkerbloom [Mallow]; Sidalcea neomexicana A. Gray Desert Globemallow; Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray

MARANTACEAE – ARROWROOT FAMILY (1)

Powdery Alligator-Flag [Thalia]; Thalia dealbata Fraser ex Roscoe

MELASTOMATACEAE – MELASTOME FAMILY (2)

Maryland Meadowbeauty; Rhexia mariana L. Meadow Beauty [Handsome Harry]; Rhexia virginica L.

MENISPERMACEAE – MOONSEED FAMILY (3)

Cupseed; Calycocarpum lyonii (Pursh) A. Gray Carolina Coralbead [Moonseed]; Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. [Common] Moonseed; Menispermum canadense L.

MENYANTHACEAE – BUCKBEAN FAMILY (1)

[Bog] Buckbean: Menyanthes trifoliata L.

MOLLUGINACEAE – CARPET-WEED FAMILY (1)

Green Carpetweed; Mollugo verticillata L. (Introduced)

MONOTROPACEAE – INDIAN PIPE FAMILY (1)

27 Indian Pipe [Corpse Plant]; Monotropa uniflora L.

MORACEAE – MULBERRY FAMILY (4)

Mulberry Weed; Fatoua villosa (Thunb.) Nakai (Introduced) Osage-Orange; Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneid. White Mulberry; Morus alba L. (Introduced) Red Mulberry; Morus rubra L. var. rubra

MYRICACEAE – BAYBERRY FAMILY (2)

Sweet Fern; Comptonia peregrina (L.) Coult. Southern Bayberry [Wax Myrtle]; Morella cerifera (L.) Small

NELUMBONACEAE – LOTUS FAMILY (1)

American Lotus; Nelumbo lutea Willd.

NYCTAGINACEAE – FOUR-O’CLOCK FAMILY (2)

Pale Umbrella-Wort [White Four-O-Clock]; Mirabilis albida (Walter) Heimerl Heart-Leaved Umbrella-Wort [Four-O-Clock]; Oxybaphus nyctagineus (Michx.) MacM.

NYMPHAEACEAE – WATER-LILY FAMILY (2)

Yellow Pond-Lily [Bullhead Water-Lily; Spatterdock; Cow Lily]; Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. Advena (Aiton) Kartesz & Gandhi American White [Magnolia; Fragrant] Water-Lily; Nymphaea odorata Ait.

NYSSACEAE – SOUR GUM FAMILY (2)

Water Tupelo or Tupelo Gum; Nyssa aquatic L. Black Gum [Sour Gum]; Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.

OLEACEAE – OLIVE FAMILY (10)

White Fringe Tree [Old Man’s Beard]; Chionanthus virginicus L. Eastern Swamp Privet; Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir. Weeping Forsythia; Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl (Introduced) Greenstem Forsythia; Forsythia viridissima Lindl. (Introduced) White Ash; Fraxinus americana L. Blue Ash; Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Green [Red] Ash; Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Border Privet; Ligustrum obtusifolium Siebold & Zucc. (Introduced) [Common] Privet; Ligustrum vulgare L. (Introduced) [Common] Lilac; Syringa vulgaris L. (Introduced)

ONAGRACEAE – EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY (26)

Fireweed; Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub ssp. Angustifolium (Epilobium Angustifolium) Common [Broadleaf] Enchanter’s-Nightshade; Circaea lutetiana L. ssp. canadensis (L.) Aschers. & Magnus Pimpernel [Alpine] Willowherb; Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. Fringed [Hairy; Northern] Willowherb; Epilobium ciliatum Raf. ssp. Ciliatum

28 Purpleleaf [Cinnamon] Willowherb; Epilobium coloratum Biehler Great Hairy [Large Flowered] Willow-Herb; Epilobium hirsutum L. (Introduced) Seedbox; Ludwigia alternifolia L. Wingleaf Primrose-Willow; Ludwigia decurrens Walter Anglestem [Hairy] Primrose-Willow; Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) H. Hara Marsh Seedbox [Purslane]; Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliot Floating Primrose-Willow; Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H. Raven ssp. glabrescens (Kuntze) P.H. Raven Common Evening-Primrose; Oenothera biennis L. Tufted [Gumbo; Moon-Rose; Stemless] Evening Primrose; Oenothera caespitosa Nutt. ssp. Marginata (Nutt. ex Hook. & Arn.) Munz Cleland's Evening-Primrose; Oenothera clelandii W. Dietr., Raven & W.L. Wagner Crownleaf [Cutleaf; Combleaf] Evening Primrose; Oenothera coronopifolia Torr. & A. Gray Velvet Weed [Velvety Gaura]; Oenothera curtiflora W.L. Wagner & Hoch (Gaura mollis & parvifora) Longflower Beeblossom; Oenothera filiformis (Small) W.L. Wagner & Hoch (Gaura longiflora) Southern Sundrops [Narrowleaf Evening Primrose]; Oenothera fruticosa L. Biennial Gaura [Beeblossom]; Oenothera gaura W.L. Wagner & Hoch (Gaura biennis L. (E US)) Seabeach Evening Primrose; Oenothera humifusa Nutt. Cut-Leaved [Ragged] Evening Primrose; Oenothera laciniata Hill Threadleaf Evening Primrose [Sundrops]; Oenothera linifolia Nutt. Missouri Primrose [Bigfruit Evening-Primrose; Glade Lily]; Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. ssp. Macrocarpa Pinkladies [Showy Evening Primrose]; Oenothera speciosa Nutt. Hairy Evening Primrose; Oenothera villosa Thunb. False Gaura [Stenosiphon]; Stenosiphon linifolius (Nutt. ex James) Heynh.

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE (ADDER’S-TONGUE FAMILY) (2)

Cutleaf [Dissected] Grapefern; Botrychium dissectum Spreng. Rattlesnake Fern; Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw.

ORCHIDACEAE – ORCHID FAMILY (23)

Dragon's Mouth [Swamp Pink]; Arethusa bulbosa L. [Tuberous] Grass Pink Orchid; Calopogon tuberosus (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. var. tuberosus Summer [Spotted] Coralroot; Corallorhiza maculata (Raf.) Raf. Yellow [Pale] Coralroot; Corallorhiza trifida Chatelain Spring Coralroot [Coral Root]; Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad Pink Lady Slipper [Moccasin Flower]; Cypripedium acaule Aiton White Lady's Slipper; Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd. Greater Yellow Lady's Slipper; Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. var. pubescens (Willd.) Knight [Broadleaf] Helleborine; Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz (Introduced) Downy Rattlesnake Plantain; Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. ex Ait. f. [Yellow] Orange Fringed Orchid; Platanthera ciliaris (L.) Lindl. Small Green Wood [Club-Spur] Orchid; Platanthera clavellata (Michx.) Luer [Habenaria clavellata] Scentbottle [Tall White Rein Orchard]; Platanthera dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex Beck Green Fringed [Ragged] Orchid; Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don Prairie White Fringed Orchid; Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl. Snakemouth Orchid [Rose Pogonia]; Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker Gawl. Nodding Lady's Tresses; Spiranthes cernua (L.) L.C. Rich. Northern Slender Lady's Tresses; Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. October [Lesser] Lady's Tresses; Spiranthes ovalis Lindl. Little Lady's Tresses; Spiranthes tuberosa Raf. Spring [Grass-Leaved] Lady's Tresses; Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray [Crippled] Cranefly Orchid; Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nutt. Soldier's [Lawn] Orchid; Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr.

29 OROBANCHACEAE – BROOM-RAPE FAMILY (3)

American Cancer-Root [Squawroot]; Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr. Beechdrops; Epifagus virginiana (L.) W. Bartram One-Flowered Broomrape [Cancer-Root]; Orobanche uniflora L. Epifagus virginiana (L.) W. Bartram

OSMUNDACEAE – ROYAL FERN FAMILY (3)

Interrupted Fern; Osmunda claytoniana L. Cinnamon Fern; Osmunda cinnamomea L. Royal Fern; Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray

OXALIDACEAE – WOODSORREL FAMILY (5)

Creeping Woodsorrel; Oxalis corniculata L. Lady’s Woodsorrel; Oxalis fontana Bunge [Big] Great Yellow Woodsorrel; Oxalis grandis Small Upright Yellow Woodsorrel [Common Yellow Oxalis]; Oxalis stricta L. Violet Woodsorrel; Oxalis violacea L.

PAPAVERACEAE – POPPY FAMILY (5)

[Bluestem] Prickly Poppy; Argemone albiflora Hornem. Lesser Celandine [Poppy]; Chelidonium majus L. (Introduced) Corn Poppy; Papaver rhoeas L. (Introduced) Bloodroot; Sanguinaria canadensis L. Wood [Celandine] Poppy; Stylophorum diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt.

PASSIFLORACEAE – PASSION FLOWER FAMILY (2)

Purple Passion Flower; Passiflora incarnata L. Yellow Passionflower; Passiflora lutea L.

PHYTOLACCACEAE – POKEWEED FAMILY (1)

[American] Pokeweed; Phytolacca americana L.

PINACEAE – PINE FAMILY (21)

Subalpine [Alpine] Fir; Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. var. lasiocarpa (A. bifolia) European Larch; Larix decidua Mill. (Introduced) Tamarack [Larch]; Larix laricina (DuRoi) K. Koch Douglas Fir; Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco var. menziesii Norway Spruce; Picea abies (L.) Karst (Introduced) White Spruce; Picea glauca (Moench) Voss [Colorado] Blue Spruce; Picea pungens Engelm. Jack Pine; Pinus banksiana Lamb. Sand Pine; Pinus clausa (Chapm. ex Engelm.) Vasey ex Sarg. Lodgepole Pine; Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon Shortleaf Pine [Yellow Pine]; Pinus echinata Mill. Two-Needle Pinyon [Pine]; Pinus edulis Engelm. Slash Pine; Pinus elliottii Engelm. Austrian Pine [Black Pine]; Pinus nigra Arnold (introduced)

30 Longleaf Pine; Pinus palustris Mill. Ponderosa Pine; Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson Red Pine [Norway Pine]; Pinus resinosa Soland. Eastern White Pine; Pinus strobus L. Scots [Scotch] Pine; Pinus sylvestris L. (Introduced) Virginia [Scrub] Pine; Pinus virginiana Mill. Eastern Hemlock; Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr.

PLANTAGINACEAE – PLANTAIN FAMILY (6)

[Large] Bracted Plantain; Plantago aristata Michx. English [Narrowleaf, Buckhorn] Plantain; Plantago lanceolata L. (Introduced) Common Plantain; Plantago major L. (Introduced) Goose Tongue [Sea-Side Plantain]; Plantago maritima L. Blackseed [American] Plantain; Plantago rugelii Dcne. Virginia [Dwarf] Plantain; Plantago virginica L.

PLATANACEAE – SYCAMORE OR PLANE-TREE FAMILY (1)

Sycamore [Plane-Tree]; Platanus occidentalis L.

POACEAE [GRAMINEAE] – GRASS FAMILY (90) - Alph. By Tribe – Genus - Species

ANDROPOGONEAE TRIBE Big Bluestem [Turkey Foot]; Andropogon gerardii Vitman - Andropogoneae (Tribe) [Split] Splitbeard Bluestem; Andropogon ternarius Michx. - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Broomsedge Bluestem; Andropogon virginicus L. var. virginicus - Andropogoneae (Tribe) [Jointhead] Small Carpetgrass; Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino (Introduced) – Andropogoneae (Tribe) Silver Beardgrass; Bothriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Chinese Silvergrass [Plume Grass]; Miscanthus sinensis Andersson (Introduced) – Andropogoneae (Tribe) Silver Plume Grass; Saccharum alopecuroides (L.) Nutt. – Andropogoneae (Tribe) Little Bluestem; Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash var. scoparium - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Indian Grass; Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Grain Sorghum; Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. Bicolor (Introduced, cultivated) – Andropogoneae (Tribe) Johnson Grass; Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. (Introduced) - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Eastern Gama Grass; Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. - Andropogoneae (Tribe) Corn; Zea mays L. ssp. Mays (Introduced) - Andropogoneae (Tribe)

ARISTIDEAE TRIBE Slimspike Three Awn; Aristida longespica Poir. - Aristideae (Tribe) Prairie [Old Field] Three Awn; Aristida oligantha Michx. - Aristideae (Tribe)

ARUNDINEAE TRIBE Giant Reed; Arundo donax L. (Introduced) - Arundineae (Tribe)A

BAMBUSEAE TRIBE Cane [Large or Giant Cane]; Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl. - Bambuseae (Tribe)

BRACHYELYTREAE TRIBE Bearded Shorthusk [Wood Grass]; Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb. Ex Spreng.) P. Beauv. – Brachyelytreae (Tribe)

BROMEAE TRIBE

31 Meadow Brome [Hairy Chess]; Bromus commutatus Schard. (Introduced) – Bromeae (Tribe) Soft [Bald] Brome [Soft Chess] [Lopgrass]; Bromus hordeaceus L. (Introduced) – Bromeae (Tribe) Smooth Brome; Bromus inermis Leyss. (Introduced) – Bromeae (Tribe) Barren (Poverty) Brome; Bromus sterilis L (Introduced) – Bromeae (Tribe) Downy Brome [Chess][Cheatgrass]; Bromus tectorum L. (Introduced) – Bromeae (Tribe)

CENTOTHECAE TRIBE Indian Woodoats [River, Wild Oats]; Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates - Centotheceae (Tribe)

CYNODONTEAE TRIBE Sideoats Grama; Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. var. curtipendula - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Bermuda Grass; Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Introduced) - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Egyptian Grass [Durban Crowfoot]; Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd (Introduced) - Cynodonteae (Tribe [Indian] Goose Grass; Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (Introduced) - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Stink Grass; Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. Ex Janchen (Introduced) - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Purple Love Grass; Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Sand [Thread] Love Grass; Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Alph. Wood - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Mucronate Sprangeltop; Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi ssp. Brachiata (Steud.) N. Snow - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Amazon Sprangletop; Leptochloa panicoides (J. Presl) Hitchc. - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Nimblewill; Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Rock Muhly; Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl. ex Willd.) Trin. - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Prairie Cord [Slough] Grass [Ripgut]; Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Purpletop Tridens [Tall Redtop]; Tridens flavus (L.) Hitchc. var. flavus - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Longspike Tridens; Tridens strictus (Nutt.) Nash - Cynodonteae (Tribe) Sea-Oats; Uniola paniculata L. - Cynodonteae (Tribe)

DIARRHENEAE TRIBE Obovate [American] Beakgrain; Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg - Diarrheneae (Tribe)

MELICEAE TRIBE Fowl Manna [Meadow] Grass; Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. – Meliceae (Tribe) Eastern [Floating] Manna Grass; Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc. – Meliceae (Tribe) Three-Flowered Melic Grass; Melica nitens (Scribn.) Nutt. ex Piper – Meliceae (Tribe)

ORYZEA TRIBE Catchfly [Oatmeal] Grass; Leersia lenticularis Michx. - Oryzeae (Tribe) White Grass [White Cutgrass]; Leersia virginica Willd. - Oryzeae (Tribe) Rice; Oryza sativa L. (Introduced, cultivated widely) – Oryzae (Tribe)

PANICEAE TRIBE Field [Mat] Sandbur; Cenchrus longispinus (Hack.) Fernald - Paniceae (Tribe) Dune Sandbur; Cenchrus tribuloides L. - Paniceae (Tribe) - Paniceae (Tribe) Tapered Rosette Grass; Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark var. acuminatum Bosc's Panicgrass; Dichanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark – Paniceae (Tribe) Starved Panicgrass; Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould Broadleaf Rosette Grass; Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Gould & C.A. Clark – Paniceae (Tribe) Openflower Rosette Grass; Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould – Paniceae (Tribe) Southern Crabgrass; Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler - Paniceae (Tribe) Barnyard Grass; Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. (Introduced) - Paniceae (Tribe) Rough Barnyard Grass; Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald - Paniceae (Tribe) Beaked Panicgrass; Panicum anceps Michx. - Paniceae (Tribe) [Common] Witchgrass; Panicum capillare L. - Paniceae (Tribe) Switchgrass; Panicum virgatum L. - Paniceae (Tribe) Florida Paspalum; Paspalum floridanum Michx. - Paniceae (Tribe) Field paspalum; Paspalum laeve Michx. - Paniceae (Tribe)

32 Thin Paspalum; Paspalum setaceum Michx. - Paniceae (Tribe) Marsh Bristle grass [Knotroot Foxtail]; Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen - Paniceae (Tribe) Green Bristlegrass [Foxtail]; Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. (Introduced) - Paniceae (Tribe)

POEAE TRIBE Redtop; Agrostis gigantea Roth (Introduced) - Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Winter Bentgrass; Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. - Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Carolina Foxtail; Alopecurus carolinianus Walter - Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Annual Vernal Grass; Anthoxanthum aristatum Boiss. (Introduced) ) – Poeae (Tribe) Common [Cultivated] Oat; Avena sativa L. (Introduced) - Poeae (Tribe) Little Quaking Grass; Briza minor L. (Introduced) - Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Sweet Wood Reed [Grass]; Cinna arundinacea L. - Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Orchard Grass; Dactylis glomerata L. (Introduced) - Poeae (Tribe) Perennial [English] Ryegrass; Lolium perenne L. (Introduced) – Poeae (Tribe) Reed Canary Grass; Phalaris arundinacea L. (Introduced) – Poeae (Tribe) Timothy; Phleum pratense L. (Introduced) – Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Annual bluegrass; Poa annua L. (Introduced) – Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Bulbous Bluegrass; Poa bulbosa L. subsp. bulbosa (Introduced) – Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Bulbous Bluegrass; Poa bulbosa L. subsp. Vivipara (Kpoel.) Arcang. (Introduced) – Poeae [Aveneae] (Tribe) Canada Bluegrass; Poa compressa L. (Introduced) - Poeae (Tribe) Kentucky Bluegrass; Poa pratensis L. (Introduced) – Poeae (Tribe) Woodland Bluegrass; Poa sylvestris A. Gray – Poeae (Tribe) Tall Fescue; Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort., nom. cons. (Introduced) - Poeae (Tribe) Meadow Fescue; Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) P. Beauv. (Introduced) - Poeae (Tribe) Rattail [Annual; Foxtail] Fescue; Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel. - Poeae (Tribe)

STIPEAE TRIBE Shortbristle Needle and Thread; Hesperostipa curtiseta (Hitchc.) Barkworth

TRITICEAE TRIBE Eastern Bottlebrush Grass; Elymus hystrix L. (Hysterix patula Moench) - Triticeae (Tribe) Quackgrass; Elymus repens (L.) Gould (Introduced) - Triticeae (Tribe) Hairy [Downy] Wild Rye; Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. – Triticeae (Tribe) Virginia Wild Rye; Elymus virginicus L. - Triticeae (Tribe) Little Barley; Hordeum pusillum Nutt. - Triticeae (Tribe) Tall Wheatgrass; Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu & R.-C. Wang (Introduced) - Triticeae (Tribe) Common Wheat; Triticum aestivum L. (Introduced) - Triticeae (Tribe)

POLEMONIACEAE – PHLOX FAMILY (14)

Scarlet Gilia [Skyrocket]; Ipomopsis aggregata (Pursh) V.E. Grant Standing-Cypress; Ipomopsis rubra (L.) Wherry Cleft Phlox; Phlox bifida Beck [Wild] Blue [Woodland] Phlox; Phlox divaricata L. Annual Phlox; Phlox drummondii Hook. Spiny [Carpet; Moss] Phlox; Phlox hoodii Richardson Wideflower [Mountain] Phlox; Phlox latifolia Michx. Wild Sweet William [Spotted Phlox; Meadow Phlox]; Phlox maculata L. Garden [Fall, Perennial] Phlox; Phlox paniculata L. Downy Phlox; Phlox pilosa L. Moss Phlox; Phlox subulata L. Western Polemonium; Polemonium occidentale Greene ssp. Occidentale Greek Valerian [Spreading Jacob’s Ladder]; Polemonium reptans L. var. reptans Sticky [Jacob’s-Ladder] Polemonium [Sky Pilot]; Polemonium viscosum Nutt.

33 POLYGALACEAE – MILKWORT FAMILY (7)

Cross Milkwort [Drumheads]; Polygala cruciata L. var. Aquilonia Fern. & Schub. Pink Milkwort [Procession Flower]; Polygala incarnata L. Orange Milkwort [Red-Hot Poker]; Polygala lutea L. Candyroot; Polygala nana (Michx.) DC. Racemed Milkwort; Polygala polygama Walt. Field [Purple] Milkwort; Polygala sanguinea L. Seneca Snakeroot; Polygala senega L.

POLYGONACEAE – BUCKWHEAT (SMARTWEED) FAMILY (34)

American Buckwheat Vine [Ladies’ Eardrops]; Brunnichia ovata (Walter) Shinners Sea Grape [Bay Grape]; Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L. (Introduced) Flatcrown Buckwheat [Skeletonweed]; Eriogonum deflexum Torr. Fewflower Buckwheat; Eriogonum pauciflorum Pursh Redroot Buckwheat; Eriogonum racemosum Nutt. Sulphur [-Flower] Buckwheat; Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. Buckwheat; Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (Introduced) Alpine Mountain Sorrel; Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill Coastal [Sand] Jointweed; Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn. Water Smartweed [Knotweed]; Polygonum amphibium L. Swamp [Longroot; Water] Smartweed Polygonum amphibium L. var. emersum Michx. X Polygonum amphibium L. var. stipulaceum Coleman Dooryard knotweed; Polygonum arenastrum L. (Introduced) Halberd-Leaved Tearthumb; Polygonum arifolium L. American Bistort; Polygonum bistortoides Pursh Oriental Lady's Thumb [Creeping Smartweed]; Polygonum cespitosum Blume var. longisetum (Bruijn) A.N. Steward (Introduced) Black Bindweed; Polygonum convolvulus L. (Introduced) Japanese Knotweed; Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. (Introduced) Swamp Smartweed [False (Wild) Water-Pepper]; Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Nodding [Pale, Dock-Leaved] Smartweed [Curlytop Knotweed; Heart’s-Ease]; Polygonum lapathifolium L. (Introduced) Pennsylvania Smartweed [Pink Knotweed; Pinkweed]; Polygonum pensylvanicum L. [Spotted] Lady’s Thumb; Polygonum persicaria L. (Introduced) Dotted Smartweed; Polygonum punctatum Elliott var. punctatum Arrowleaf Tearthumb; Polygonum sagittatum L. Climbing False Buckwheat; Polygonum scandens L. var. cristatum (Engelm. & Gray) Gleason Pleatleaf [Slender] Knotweed; Polygonum tenue Michx. Woodland [Virginia] Knotweed [Jumpseed]; Polygonum virginianum L. Alpine Bistort; Polygonum viviparum L. Pale Dock; Rumex altissimus Alph. Wood Common Sheep [Field] Sorrel Rumex acetosella L. (Introduced) Curly [Curled, Sour] Dock; Rumex crispus L. (Introduced) Heartwing Sorrel [Hastate Leaf Dock]; Rumex hastatulus Baldw. Bitter [Broad-, Blunt-Leaved] Dock; Rumex obtusifolius L. (Introduced) Greater Water Dock; Rumex orbiculatus Gray Swamp Dock; Rumex verticillatus L.

POLYPODIACEAE – POLYPODY FERN FAMILY (1)

Resurrection Fern [Gray’s Polypody]; Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham

34 POLYTRICHACEAE – HAIR CAP MOSS FAMILY (2)

Common Hair Cap [Polytrichum] Moss; Polytrichum commune Hedw. A Polytrichum (Hair Cap) Moss; Polytrichum piliferum Hedw.

PONTEDERIACEAE – WATER-HYACINTH FAMILY (2)

[Bouquet] Mud Plantain; Heteranthera multiflora (Griseb.) Horn Pickerel Weed; Pontederia cordata L.

PORTULACACEAE – PURSLANE FAMILY (7)

Ozark [Wide-Leafed] Spring-Beauty; Claytonia ozarkensis Miller & Chambers [Virginia] Spring-Beauty; Claytonia virginica L. var. virginica Largeflower Fameflower [Rock Pink]; Phemeranthus calycinus (Engelm.) Kiger Purslane [Little Hog Weed] Portulaca oleracea L. (Introduced) Kiss Me Quick; Portulaca pilosa L Slender Seapurslane; Sesuvium maritimum (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Shoreline Seapurslane; Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L.

POTAMOGETONACEAE – PONDWEED FAMILY (1)

Waterthread Pondweed; Potamogeton diversifolius Raf.

PRIMULACEAE – PRIMROSE FAMILY (15)

Scarlet Pimpernel [Poor Man’s Lookinglass]; Anagallis arvensis L. ssp. arvensis (Introduced) PygmyFlower [Northern] Rock Jasmine; Androsace septentrionalis L. Eastern Shooting Star [Pride of Ohio]; Dodecatheon meadia L. ssp. Meadia Darkthroat [Pretty] Shootingstar; Dodecatheon pulchellum (Raf.) Merr. ssp. Pulchellum Water Violet [Featherfoil]; Hottonia inflata Elliott Gooseneck Loosestrife; Lysimachia clethroides Duby (Introduced) Fringed Loosestrife; Lysimachia ciliata L. Lance-Leaved Loosestrife; Lysimachia lanceolata Walt. Moneywort [Creeping Jenny]; Lysimachia nummularia L. (Introduced) Narrow-Leaved [Four-Flowered Yellow] Loosestrife; Lysimachia quadrifloria Sims Whorled [Yellow, Four-Leaved] Loosestrife; Lysimachia quadrifolia L. SwampCandle [Earth Loosestrife]; Lysimachia terrestris (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. Tufted Loosestrife; Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. Water Pimpernel [Brookweed]; Samolus valerandi L. ssp. Parviflorus (Raf.) Hultén Starflower; Trientalis borealis Raf. ssp. Borealis

PTERIDACEAE – MAIDENHAIR FERN FAMILY (4)

Northern Maidenhair Fern; Adiantum pedatum L. Slender [Baby] Lip Fern; Cheilanthes feei T. Moore Hairy Lip Fern; Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C. Eaton Purple Cliffbrake [Fern]; Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link

PYROLACEAE – SHINLEAF FAMILY (4)

Striped Prince’s Pine [Spotted Wintergreen or Pipsissewa]; Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh Pipsissewa [Prince’s Pine]; Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W. Bart. ssp. cisatlantica (S.F. Blake) Hultén

35 Green Flowered Wintergreen; Pyrola chlorantha Sw. Elliptical-Leaved [Waxflower] Shinleaf; Pyrola elliptica Nutt.

RANUNCULACEAE – BUTTERCUP FAMILY (48)

Monkshood [Venus‘ Chariot; Wolfsbane]; Aconitum napellus L. (Introduced) White Baneberry [Doll’s-Eyes]; Actaea pachypoda Ell. Black Bugbane [Black Cohosh; Black Snakeroot]; Actaea racemosa L. var. racemosa Red Baneberry; Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. ssp. rubra Canada [Meadow] Anemone; Anemone canadensis L. Carolina [Prairie] Anemone; Anemone caroliniana Walter Candle Anemone [Long-Headed Thimbleweed]; Anemone cylindrica Gray American Wood Anemone [WindFlower; Nigntcaps]; Anemone quinquefolia L. Tall Thimbleweed [Tall Anemone]; Anemone virginiana L. Wild [Red, American] Columbine; Aquilegia canadensis L. Colorado Blue Columbine; Aquilegia coerulea James European Columbine; Aquilegia vulgaris L. (Introduced) White Marsh Marigold [Elkslip]; Caltha leptosepala DC. Yellow Marsh Marigold [Cowslip]; Caltha palustris L. var. palustris Rock Clematis; Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray var. tenuiloba (A. Gray) J. Pringle Swamp Leather Flower (Blue Jasmine); Clematis crispa L. Pitcher’s Leatherflower; Clematis pitcheri Torr. & Gray Virgin’s-Bower [Devil's Darning Needles; Old Man’s Beard]; Clematis virginiana L. Doubtful [Rocket; Garden] Knight's-Spur [Larkspur]; Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur (Introduced) Carolina [Wild Blue] Larkspur; Delphinium carolinianum Walter Glade [Trelease’s] Larkspur; Delphinium treleasei Bush ex K.C. Davis Dwarf [Rock] Larkspur; Delphinium tricorne Michx. False Rue Anemone [Isopyrum]; Enemion biternatum Raf. [Isopyrum biternatum] Sharp-lobed Hepatica [Liverleaf]; Hepatica nobilis Schreber var. acuta (Pursh) Steyermark Round-lobed Hepatica [Liverleaf]; Hepatica nobilis Schreber var. obtusa (Pursh) Steyermark Goldenseal [Yellowroot]; Hydrastis canadensis L. Devil-In-The-Bush [Love-In-A-Mist]; Nigella damascena L. (Introduced) Kidney-Leaved [Littleleaf, Aborted, Small-Flowered] Buttercup [Crowfoot]; Ranunculus abortivus L. Tall Buttercup; Ranunculus acris L. var. acris (Introduced) Bulbous Buttercup; Ranunculus bulbosus L. (Introduced) Early Buttercup; Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow Fig Buttercup [Lesser celandine]; Ranunculus ficaria L. (Introduced) Yellow Water Buttercup; Ranunculus flabellaris Raf. Harvey's Buttercup; Ranunculus harveyi (A. Gray) Britton Swamp [Bristly; Rough; Hispid] Buttercup; Ranunculus hispidus Michx. var. caricetorum (Greene) T. Duncan Mississippi Buttercup; Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & A. Gray) Darby Smallflower Buttercup [Stickseed Crowfoot]; Ranunculus parviflorus L. (Introduced) Low Spearwort; Ranunculus pusillus Poir. Hooked Buttercup [Crowfoot]; Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Var. recurvatus Creeping Buttercup; Ranunculus repens L. (Introduced) Hairy Buttercup; Ranunculus sardous Crantz (Introduced) Cursed Buttercut [Crowfoot]; Ranunculus sceleratus L. var sceleratus Purple Meadow Rue; Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall. Early Meadow-Rue; Thalictrum dioicum L. Tall Meadow-Rue [King of the Meadow]; Thalictrum polygamum Pursh Early [Waxy-Leaf; skunk] Meadow-Rue; Thalictrum revolutum Rue Anemone; Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & B. American Globeflower ; Trollius laxus Salisb. ssp. albiflorus (A. Gray) Á. Löve & D. Löve & Kapoor )

36 RHAMNACEAE – BUCKTHORN FAMILY (5)

New Jersey Tea; Ceanothus americanus L. Jersey Tea [Redroot]; Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Glossy [European Alder] Buckthorn; Frangula alnus P. Mill. Carolina Buckthorn; Frangula caroliniana (Walter) A. Gray Common [European] Buckthorn; Rhamnus cathartica L. (Introduced)

ROSACEAE – ROSE FAMILY (53)

Small-Flowered Agrimony [harvestlice]; Agrimonia parviflora Ait. Soft [Downy] Agrimony; Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Beaked Agrimony; Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. Common [Downy] Serviceberry [Shadbush; Juneberry]; Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. var. arborea Silverweed Cinquefoil [Silverweed]; Argentina anserina (L.) Rydb. Goat’s Beard [Bride's Feathers]; Aruncus dioicus (Walter) Fernald Flowering Quince; Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai (Introduced) Marsh Cinquefoil [Purple Marshlocks]; Comarum palustre L. (Potentilla palustris) Parsley Hawthorn [Haw]; Crataegus marshallii Eggl. Shrubby Cinquefoil; Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb. ssp. floribunda (Pursh) Kartesz Eightpetal Mountain-Avens; Dryas octopetala L. Indian [Mock] Strawberry; Duchesnea indica Andr. Focke (introduced) [Thick-Leaved, Viriginia] Wild Strawberry; Fragaria virginiana Duchesne White Avens; Geum canadense Jacq. var. canadense Rough Avens; Geum laciniatum Murray Largeleaf Avens; Geum macrophyllum Willd. Ross' Avens; Geum rossii (R. Br.) Ser. var. turbinatum (Rydb.) C.L. Hitchc. Old Man's Whiskers; Geum triflorum Pursh Spring Avens; Geum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray Cream [-Colored] Avens; Geum virginianum L. Bowman's Root [Indian Physic]; Gillenia trifoliata (L.) Moench Paradise Apple; Malus pumila Mill. (Introduced) Black Chokeberry; Photinia melanocarpa (Michx.) Robertson & Phipps Ninebark; Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Silvery [Silver] Cinquefoil; Potentilla argentea L (Introduced). Varileaf Cinquefoil; Potentilla diversifolia Lehm. Sulfur Cinquefoil; Potentilla recta L. (Introduced) Rough [Norwegian] Cinquefoil; Potentilla norvegica L. ssp. monspeliensis (L.) Aschers. & Graebn [Old-Field] Common Cinquefoil; Potentilla simplex Michx. Wild [American) Plum; Prunus americana Marshall Chickasaw plum; Prunus angustifolia Marshall Sweet Cherry; Prunus avium L. (Introduced) Hortulan [Wild Goose] Plum; Prunus hortulana L.H. Bailey Perfumed [Mahaleb] Cherry; Prunus mahaleb L. (Introduced) Peach; Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Introduced) Black Cherry; Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina [Sesquehana Sandcherry]; Prunus susquehanae hort. ex Willd. [Prunus pumila L. var. cuneata (Raf.) Bailey] Chokecherry; Prunus virginiana L. var. virginiana Antelope Bitterbrush; Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. Callery [Bradford] Pear; Pyrus calleryana Decne. (Introduced) Jetbead; Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Makino (Introduced) Prickly Rose; Rosa acicularis Lindl. Pasture [Carolina] Rose; Rosa Carolina L.

37 Multiflora [Japanese] Rose; Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. (Introduced) Swamp Rose; Rosa palustris Marsh. Black Raspberry; Rubus occidentalis L. Thimbleberry; Rubus parviflorus Nutt. Southern Dewberry; Rubus trivialis Michx. Creeping Sibbaldia [Cloverleaf Rose]; Sibbaldia procumbens L. Three-Toothed Cinquefoil [Shrubby Fivefingers]; Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Aiton) Rydb. (Potentilla tridentata) False Spiraea; Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun (Introduced) European Mountain Ash; Sorbus aucuparia L. (Introduced) White Meadowsweet; Spiraea alba Du Roi var. alba Steeplebush [Hardhack]; Spiraea tomentosa L.

RUBIACEAE – MADDER OR BEDSTRAW FAMILY (25)

Common Buttonbush; Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Piedmont Bedstraw; Cruciata pedemontana (Bellardi) Ehrend. (Introduced) Rough Buttonweed [Poorjoe]; Diodia teres Walt. Virginia Buttonweed; Diodia virginiana L. Cleavers [stickywilly]; Galium aparine L. Arkansas Bedstraw; Galium arkansanum A. Gray Rough Bedstraw; Galium asprellum Michx. Northern Bedstraw; Galium boreale L. Wild Licorice [Licorice Bedstraw]; Galium circaezans Michx. Shining Bedstraw; Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray Lanceleaf Wild Licorice; Galium lanceolatum Torr. Bluntleaf Bedstraw [Wild Madder]; Galium obtusum Bigelow ssp. obtusum Hairy Bedstraw; Galium pilosum Aiton Stiff Marsh Bedstraw; Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. Azure Bluet [Bluets; Quaker Ladies]; Houstonia caerulea L. Longleaf Summer Bluet; Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. Narrow-Leaved Summer Bluets; Houstonia nigricans (Lam.) Fern. Roundleaf [Clustered] Bluet; Houstonia procumbens (Walter ex J.F. Gmel.) Standl. Venus' Pride; Houstonia purpurea L. var. calycosa A. Gray Venus' Pride; Houstonia purpurea L. var. purpurea Small Bluets; Houstonia pusilla Schoefp [Houstonia minima] Partridgeberry [Twin Berry]; Mitchella repens L. [Blue] Fieldmadder; Sherardia arvensis L. (Introduced) Smooth False Buttonweed; Spermacoce glabra Michx. Diamond Flowers [Narrow-Leaved Summer Bluets]; Stenaria nigricans (Lam.) Terrell var. nigricans

RUTACEAE – RUE (CITRUS) FAMILY (2)

Common Hoptree [Wafer Ash]; Ptelea trifoliata L. ssp. trifoliata Common Prickly Ash [Toothache Tree]; Zanthoxylum americanum Mill.

SALICACEAE – WILLOW FAMILY (14)

Cottonwood; Populus deltoides Bartr. Ex Marsh. Bigtooth Aspen; Populus grandidentata Michx. Quaking Aspen; Populus tremuloides Michx. White Willow; Salix alba L. (Introduced) Bebb [Long-Beaked] Willow; Salix bebbiana Sarg. Coastal Plain [Ward’s] Willow; Salix caroliniana Michx. Missouri River Willow; Salix eriocephala Michx.

38 Sandbar Willow; Salix interior Rowlee Shining Willow; Salix lucida Muhl. Black Willow; Salix nigra Marsh. Snow [Netted] Willow; Salix nivalis Hook. Alpine Willow; Salix petrophila Rydb. (often included in S. Arctica) Silky Willow; Salix sericea Marsh. Weeping Willow; Salix ×sepulcralis Simonkai [alba × ?pendulina] (Introduced)

SANTALACEAE – SANDALWOOD FAMILY (1)

Bastard Toadflax; Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. umbellata

SAPINDACEAE – SOAPBERRY FAMILY (2)

Goldenrain Tree; Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. (Introduced) Mexican Buckeye; Ungnadia speciosa Endl.

SAPOTACEAE – SAPODILLA FAMILY (1)

Woolly Buckthorn [Gum Bumelia; Gum Bully; Chittim Wood] Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. ssp. oblongifolium (Nutt.) T.D. Penn.

SARRACENIACEAE – PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY (2)

Crimson [White Top] Pitcher Plant; Sarracenia leucophylla Raf. [Purple] Northern Pitcherplant; Sarracenia purpurea L. ssp. Purpurea

SAURURACEAE – LIZARD’S TAIL FAMILY (1)

Lizard's Tail; Saururus cernuus L.

SAXIFRAGACEAE – SAXIFRAGE FAMILY (15)

[Common, American] Alumroot; Heuchera americana L. var. hirsuticaulis (Wheelock) Rosend., Butters & Lakela Bracted Alumroot; Heuchera bracteata (Torr.) Ser. Littleleaf Alumroot; Heuchera parvifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray Littleflower Alumroot; Heuchera parviflora Bartlett var. puberula (Mack. & Bush) E.F. Wells Richardson's Alumroot; Heuchera richardsonii R. Br. Two-Leaved Mitrewort [Bishop’s-Cap]; Mitella diphylla L. Fen [American] Grass of Parnassus; Parnassia glauca Raf. Brook Saxifrage; Saxifraga odontoloma Piper Palmer's Saxifrage; Saxifraga palmeri Bush [Eastern] Swamp Saxifrage; Saxifraga pensylvanica L. Diamondleaf [Snowball] Saxifrage; Saxifraga rhomboidea Greene Weak Saxifrage; Saxifraga rivularis L. Early Saxifrage; Saxifraga virginiensis Michx. var. virginiensis Sullivant's Coolwort [Sullivantia]; Sullivantia sullivantii (Torr. & A. Gray) Britton Heartleaf Foamflower [False Miterwort]; Tiarella cordifolia L.

SCROPHULARIACEAE – FIGWORT OR SNAPDRAGON FAMILY (64)

39 Eared [Earleaf] False Foxglove; Agalinis auriculata (Michx.) S.F. Blake Fascicled [Clustered; Beach] False Foxglove; Agalinis fasciculata (Elliot) Raf. Smallflower False Foxglove; Agalinis paupercula (Gray) Britt. Purple False Foxglove [Purple Gerardia]; Agalinis purpurea (L.) Pennell [Gerardia purpurea] Slender Gerardia [Agalinis; False-Foxglove]; Agalinis tenuifolia Vahl Raf. [Gerardia tenuifolia M. Vahl] Smooth Yellow False Foxglove; Aureolaria flava (L.) Farw. Largeflower Yellow False Foxglove; Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell var. cinerea Pennell Fernleaf Yellow False Foxglove; Aureolaria pedicularia (L.) Raf. Downy Yellow False Foxglove; Aureolaria virginica (L.) Pennell Herb of Grace [Smooth Water-Hyssop]; Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell American Bluehearts; Buchnera americana L. [Scarlet] Indian Paintbrush; Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Western [Yellow] Indian Paintbrush; Castilleja occidentalis Torr. Prairie [Yellow] Indian Paintbrush; Castilleja purpurea (Nutt.) G. Don var. citrina (Pennell) Shinners Sulphur Indian Paintbrush; Castilleja sulphurea Rydb. Small Snapdragon [Lesser Toadflax]; Chaenorrhinum minus (L.) Lange (Introduced) White Turtlehead; Chelone glabra L. Red [Rose] Turtlehead; Chelone obliqua L. Rocky Mountain Snowlover; Chionophila jamesii Benth. Violet Blue Eyed Mary; Collinsia violacea Nutt. Mullein Foxglove; Dasistoma macrophylla (Nutt.) Raf. Clammy (Common) Hedgehyssop; Gratiola neglecta Torr. Sharpleaf Cancerwort [Fluellin]; Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort. (Introduced) Narrowleaf Paleseed [Conobea]; Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt. (Conobea multifida) Butter-And-Eggs; Linaria vulgaris P. Mill. (Introduced) [Yellowseed] False Pimpernel; Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. anagallidea (Michx.) Cooperr. [Yellowseed] False Pimpernel; Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. dubia Roving Sailor [Snapdragon Vine]; Maurandella antirrhiniflora (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Rothm. Japanese mazus; Mazus pumilus (Burm. f.) Steenis (Introduced) American [Narrowleaf] Cow-Wheat; Melampyrum lineare Desr. Winged [Sharpwing] Monkey Flower; Mimulus alatus Aiton [Allegheny] Monkeyflower; Mimulus ringens L. [Canada] Blue Toadflax; Nuttallanthus canadensis (L.) D.A. Sutton Texas Toadflax; Nuttallanthus texanus (Scheele) D.A. Sutton Princess Tree [Foxglovetree]; Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc. ex Steud. Bracted Lousewort; Pedicularis bracteosa Benth. Wood Betony [Lousewort; Canadian Lousewort]; Pedicularis canadensis L. ssp. canadensis Elephanthead Lousewort; Pedicularis groenlandica Retz. Swamp Lousewort; Pedicularis lanceolata Michx. Sickletop [Parrot’s Beak] Lousewort; Pedicularis racemosa Douglas ex Benth. ssp. alba Pennell Sudetic [Alpine] Lousewort; Pedicularis sudetica Willd. ssp. scopulorum (A. Gray) Hultén Arkansas Beardtongue; Penstemon arkansanus Pennell Cobaea Beardtongue; Penstemon cobaea Nutt. [White; Talus Slope; Foxglove] Beard-Tongue; Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims Firecracker [Eaton] Penstemon; Penstemon eatonii A. Gray Sawsepal [Smooth] Penstemon; Penstemon glaber Pursh Hairy Beard-Tongue; Penstemon hirsutus (L.) Willd. Pale Beardtongue; Penstemon pallidus Small Little Flower [Slender Blue] Penstemon; Penstemon procerus Douglas ex Graham White Wand Beardtongue; Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. Whipple's Penstemon; Penstemon whippleanus A. Gray Late Figwort [Carpenter’s Square]; Scrophularia marilandica L. Moth Mullein; Verbascum blattaria L. (Introduced) Common Mullein; Verbascum thapsus L. (Introduced) Culver’s-Root [-Physic]; Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. Water Speedwell; Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.

40 Corn [Field] Speedwell; Veronica arvensis L. (Introduced) Ivyleaf Speedwell; Veronica hederifolia L. (Introduced) Common Speedwell [Gypsyweed]; Veronica officinalis L. (Introduced) Purslane Speedwell [Neckweed]; Veronica peregrina L. Birdseye Speedwell; Veronica persica Poir. (Introduced) Gray Field [Wayside] Speedwell; Veronica polita Fr. (Introduced) Thyme-Leaved Speedwell; Veronica serpyllfiolia L. (Introduced) American Alpine Speedwell; Veronica wormskjoldii Roem. & Schult.

SIMAROUBACEAE – QUASSIA FAMILY (1)

Tree-Of-Heaven; Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Introduced)

SMILACACEAE – GREENBRIER (CATBRIER) FAMILY (7)

Saw [Fringed] Greenbrier; Smilax bona-nox L. Upright Carrion-Flower; Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm. Ex Kunth) S. Watson Cat Greenbrier [Sawbrier]; Smilax glauca Walter Smooth Carrion-Flower; Smilax herbacea L. Illinois Greenbrier; Smilax illinoensis Mangaly Round Leaved [Common] Greenbrier; Smilax rotundifolia L. Bristly Greenbrier [Catbrier]; Smilax tamnoides L.

SOLANACEAE – NIGHTSHADE (TOMATO) FAMILY (17)

Gray Five Eyes [Ground Saracha]; Chamaesaracha coniodes (Moric. ex Dunal) Britton Jimsonweed [Thorn Apple]; Datura stramonium L. (Introduced). Christmas Berry [Carolina Desert-Thorn]; Lycium carolinianum Walter var. carolinianum Garden Petunia; Petunia ×atkinsiana D. Don ex Loud. [axillaris × integrifolia] (Introduced) Cutleaf Groundcherry; Physalis angulata L. Coastal [Narrow Leaf] Groundcherry; Physalis angustifolia Nutt. Longleaf Groundcherry; Physalis longifolia Nutt. Clammy Groundcherry; Physalis heterophylla Nees var. heterophylla Husk Tomato [Downy Groundcherry]; Physalis pubescens L. Chinese Lantern [Plains Purple Ground Cherry]; Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. [Carolina] Horse-Nettle; Solanum carolinense L. var. carolinense Bittersweet Nightshade; Solanum dulcamara L. var. dulcamara Silver-Leaf Nightshade; Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Garden Egg Plant; Solanum melongena L. (Introduced) Eastern Black Nightshade [West Indian Nightshade]; Solanum ptycanthum Dunal Buffalo Bur [Kansas Thistle] Nightshade; Solanum rostratum Dunal Sticky Nightshade; Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam.

SPARGANIACEAE – BUR-REED FAMILY (2)

American Bur-Reed; Sparganium americanum Nutt. Giant [Broadfruit ] Bur-Reed; Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm.

STAPHYLEACEAE – BLADDERNUT FAMILY (1)

American Bladdernut; Staphylea trifolia L.

STYRACACEAE – STORAX FAMILY (3)

Carolina silverbell; Halesia carolina L.

41 Mountain Silverbell; Halesia tetraptera Ellis American Snowbell; Styrax americanus Lam.

TAXACEAE – YEW FAMILY

THELYPTERIDACEAE – MARSH FERN FAMILY (1)

Eastern Marsh Fern; Thelypteris palustris Schott var. pubescens (G. Lawson) Fernald

TILIACEAE – BASSWOOD (LINDEN) FAMILY (1)

American Basswood [Linden]; Tilia americana L.

TYPHACEAE – CATTAIL FAMILY (2)

Narrowleaf [Narrow-Leaved] Cattail; Typha angustifolia L. Broadleaf [Broad-Leaved] Cattail; Typha latifolia L.

ULMACEAE – ELM FAMILY (7)

Sugarberry [Southern Hackberry]; Celtis laevigata Willd. var. laevigata [Common, Northern] Hackberry; Celtis occidentalis L. Dwarf Hackberry; Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. Winged Elm; Ulmus alata Michx. American [White] Elm; Ulmus americana L. Siberian Elm; Ulmus pumila L. (Introduced) Slippery Elm; Ulmus rubra Muhl.

URTICACEAE – NETTLE FAMILY (4)

[Smallspike] False Nettle [Bog-Hemp]; Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. [Canadian] Wood Nettle; Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell [Canadian] Clearweed; Pilea pumila (L.) Gray Stinging Nettle; Urtica dioica L.

VALERIANACEAE – VALERIAN FAMILY (4)

[Beaked] Cornsalad; Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. (Introduced) Prairie Valerian [Tobacco Root]; Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray var. ciliata (Torr. & A. Gray) Cronquist Tobacco Root [Edible Valerian]; Valeriana edulis Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray var. edulis Marsh [Swamp; Bog] Valerian; Valeriana uliginosa (Torr. & A. Gray)

VERBENACEAE – VERVAIN FAMILY (13)

American Beautyberry; Callicarpa americana L. Dakota Mock Vervain; Glandularia bipinnatifida (Nutt.) Nutt. var. bipinnatifida Rose [Mock] Vervain; Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Lantana [Shrub Verbena]; Lantana camara L. (Introduced) American Lopseed; Phryma leptostachya L. Lanceleaf Fogfruit; Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene Turkey Tangle Fogfruit [Lippia]; Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene Long-Bracted Vervain [Bigbract Verbena]; Verbena bracteata Lag. & Rodr. Brazilian Vervain; Verbena brasiliensis Vell. (Introduced)

42 Blue Vervain [Swamp Verbena]; Verbena hastata L. Narrow-Leaf Vervain; Verbena simplex Lehm. Hoary Vervain [Verbena]; Verbena stricta Vent. White Vervain; Verbena urticifolia L. var. urticifolia

VIOLACEAE – VIOLET FAMILY (14)

Eastern Green Violet; Hybanthus concolor (T.F. Forst.) Spreng. Field Pansy [Johnny- Jump-Up] ; Viola bicolor Pursh. Sweet White Violet; Viola blanda Willd. Canadian White Violet; Viola canadensis L. var. canadensis [Alpine Violet] Dog Violet; Viola labradorica Schrank [Viola conspersa Reichenb.] Bog White Violet; Viola lanceolata L. ssp. Vittata (Greene) N.H. Russell Missouri Violet; Viola missouriensis Greene Birdfoot Violet; Viola pedata L. [Downy] Yellow Violet; Viola Pubescens Ait. Long-Spurred Violet; Viola rostrata Pursh Arrow-Leaved Violet; Viola Sagittata Ait. Common [Wolly] Blue Violet; Viola Sororia Willd. Striped [Cream, White] Violet; Viola striata Ait. Three Lobed Violet; Viola triloba Schwein. var. triloba

VISCACAE – CHRISTMASS-MISTLETOE FAMILY (1)

Mistletoe; Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt.

VITACEAE – GRAPE FAMILY (10)

Peppervine; Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne Heartleaf Peppervine [Raccoon Grape]; Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Virginia Creeper [Five-Leaved Ivy]; Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Woodbine; Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) Hitchc. Summer Grape; Vitis aestivalis Michx. Winter [Graybark] Grape; Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Engelm. ex Millard Riverbank Grape; Vitis riparia Michx. Muscadine [Grape]; Vitis rotundifolia Michx. Sand Grape; Vitis rupestris Scheele Winter [Frost; Chicken] Grape; Vitis vulpina L.

XYRIDACEAE – YELLOW-EYED GRASS FAMILY (1)

Slender Yellow-Eyed-Grass; Xyris torta Sm.

ZAMIACEAE (CYCAD FAMILY) (1)

Coontie; Zamia pumila L. ssp. Pumila

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE – CALTROP OR CREOSOTE-BUSH FAMILY (2)

Creosote Bush; Larrea tridentata (DC.) Coville Puncture Vine; Tribulus terrestris L. (Introduced)

43