Taxonomic Index

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01276-9 - The Systematics Association Special Volume 83: Early Events in Monocot Evolution Edited by Paul Wilkin and Simon J. Mayo Index More information

Taxonomic index

All taxonomic names corresponding to orders, family, genera and intermediate ranks between them are indexed. Names at the rank of species and below are omitted.

Abolboda, 328, 348 Althenia, 87, 94, 119, 152–3, 156 Acaciaephyllum,32 Amaryllidaceae, 44, 299–300, 315 Acanthochlamys, 304, 311, 343, 346 Amborella, 64, 320–1, 327, 343 Acanthochlamys P.C.Kao, 304 Amborellales, 318, 329–30 Acoraceae, 1, 4, 6, 26, 33, 91, 121–2, 155, 186, Ambrosina, 212–14, 216–19, 232 315 Americanae Magnus, 138 Acorales, 1, 4, 26, 30, 33, 83, 91–2, 185, 203, Amorphophalleae, 225, 275 316, 327, 330, 334, 337 Amorphophallinae, 253, 271, 275 Acoropsis, 33, 39 Amorphophallus, 212–14, 216–19, 231–3, 235, Acorus,1–2, 4, 6, 14–15, 26, 33, 74, 83, 91, 93, 254, 289 186, 202–3, 209, 211, 254, 258, 274, 280, Amphibolis,5,14–15, 27, 119, 147, 163 317, 345 Amydrium, 212–13, 215, 217–18, 223, 274 Agamous, 301 Anacharidoideae Thomé, 134 Agapanthaceae, 44 Anacostia,32 Agavaceae, 44 Anadendron, 254, 274 Aglaonema, 212–13, 219, 230–1 Anadendrum, 212–13, 215, 217–18, 223 Aglaonemateae, 212, 229–30 ANA-grade, 62, 72 Aglaononematae, 287 Anaphyllopsis, 212, 215–18, 281–3, 292 Albidella, 119, 129, 156 Anaphyllum, 212, 215–18, 254, 271 Aletris, 65, 345 Anarthriaceae, 318 Alisma, 26, 35, 119, 130–1, 156, 160, 345 Anchomanes, 164, 212–13, 215, 219, 225, 230–2, Alismataceae, 6, 10, 13–14, 18–19, 26, 29, 35–6, 254, 275 75, 83, 87–8, 92–3, 119, 125, 127–30, 133, angiosperms, 2–3, 17, 30, 34, 44, 49, 60–2, 64–5, 155, 160 72–5, 92, 94, 100, 112, 118, 165–6, 177, 198, Alismatales, 1–7, 9–10, 12, 14, 16–17, 19, 26, 29, 292, 297, 311, 315–16 34–6, 40–1, 45–6, 63–4, 74, 83, 87–8, 92, 94, ANITA-grade, 62, 72 105–7, 111, 114, 121–5, 129, 140, 155, Annonaceae, 63 185–6, 197, 203, 205, 279, 315–16, 327, Anthurium, 212–13, 217–18, 222–5, 254, 274, 330, 337 276, 280–1, 283, 292 Alismaticarpum,35 Anubias, 213, 229, 235, 276 Alismatidae, 2, 118–19, 121, 123–4, 129, 140, Apalanthe, 119, 137, 161, 166, 173 155 Aphelia,64 alismatids, 7–8, 10, 13, 16, 19, 61, 83, 87, 92–3, Aphyllanthaceae, 44 95, 118, 120–3, 146, 155, 197–8, 200, 204 Aponogeton, 26, 36, 65, 87, 89, 92–4, 119–20, Alliaceae, 44 142–4, 156, 162, 202, 345 Alloschemone, 212–13, 215, 217–18, 223 Aponogetonaceae, 9, 11, 16–17, 26, 35–6, 63, 65, Alocasia, 212–14, 216–19, 224, 233–5, 276 71, 87, 89, 93–4, 119, 140, 142–4, 162, 198, 202

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-01276-9 - The Systematics Association Special Volume 83: Early Events in Monocot Evolution Edited by Paul Wilkin and Simon J. Mayo Index More information

taxonomic index 351

Appertiella, 119, 134, 167, 173 Caladieae, 214, 232, 235, 287 Arabidopsis, 198, 205, 298, 301 Caladiosoma, 37, 235 Araceae, 1–2, 6–7, 9–10, 19, 27, 29, 33, 36, 38, Caladium, 212–14, 216–19, 232–3, 275, 286–7, 48–9, 63, 74, 83, 87, 91–3, 121–3, 155, 289 164, 166, 179, 198, 208–22, 224, 226, 228, calamoid palms, 40 231–2, 234–5, 243–4, 247, 251–3, 255–8, Caldesia, 35, 119, 131, 161, 345 260–7, 271–3, 275–7, 279–81, 283–4, Calla, 92, 212–13, 216–21, 226, 229, 233, 235, 289–92 274, 284, 289–91 Araceophyllum, 224 Calloideae, 220, 228, 280, 290 Araciphyllites, 39, 221, 224, 230 Callopsis, 213, 225, 229, 235 Aratitiyopea, 328, 348 Canellales, 329–30, 333 Archeozostera,41 Canna, 178, 348 Areae, 213, 232–4 Cardstonia,35 Arecaceae, 49, 60, 82, 107, 109, 315 Caricopsis,32 Arecales, 30, 105–6, 108, 114, 316, 327, Carludovica,89–90, 346 331–3, 336–7 Caryophyllales, 63 Ariopsis, 164, 212–14, 216–19, 232–4 Centrolepidaceae, 64, 318 Arisaema, 212–14, 216–19, 232–4, 276, Cerasus,76 287, 345 Ceratophyllaceae, 74, 165, 177 Arisarum, 212–14, 216–19, 232, 276 Ceratophyllales, 318, 327, 329–30, 332 Aroideae, 36, 87, 92–3, 166, 179, 209, 211, 213, Ceratophyllum, 74, 165, 177, 345 221–2, 225–8, 231, 254, 259, 262, 266, 276, Cercestis, 213–15, 219, 225, 230, 284–9, 292 279–80, 284, 287–9, 291–2 Chloranthaceae, 32 aroids, 41, 208, 226, 244, 251, 267, 281, 291 Chloranthales, 329–30, 333 Arum, 27, 212–14, 216–19, 234–5, 275, 288 Chloranthus, 65, 344 Asparagaceae, 44, 315 Cobbania, 37, 222, 227, 232 Asparagales, 4, 30, 34, 44–6, 82, 105–7, 110, 311, Colchicaceae, 43, 109 316, 318, 327, 329–30, 333–4, 337 Colletogyne, 212–14, 216, 218, 232–3, 290 Asphodelaceae, 45 Colocasia, 212–14, 216, 218, 232–4 Asteliaceae, 44 Colocasieae, 214, 232, 235 asterids, 63 Colocasioideae, 228, 232, 266, 275–7 Atimeta, 254 Commelinales, 105–7, 316, 327, 331, Austrobaileyales, 32, 64, 329–30 333–4, 337 commelinids, 30, 33–4, 45–6, 82, 316–17, 327, Baldellia, 35, 119, 130–1, 160 329, 333, 335–7 Barbacenia, 89, 304–8 Convallariaceae, 44 Barbaceniopsis L.B.Sm., 304 Cordyline,44 Berberidopsidales, 63 Corsiaceae, 43, 315, 317 Biarum, 212–14, 216–19, 234–5 Cryptocoryne, 212–14, 216–19, 231 Blandfordiaceae, 44 Cryptocoryneae, 230 Blyxa, 119, 139, 156, 161, 166–8, 170, 173 Culcasia, 213–15, 219, 225, 230, 287, 289 Bognera, 213–14, 217, 219, 230 Culcasieae, 214, 229, 287 Borya, 65, 346 Cuscuaria, 254 Boryaceae, 44 Cyclanthaceae, 38, 42–3, 48, 83, 89–90, 304, 311 Bromeliaceae, 4, 28, 109, 315, 318, 327, Cyclanthodendron,43 331–2, 336 Cyclanthus, 38, 43, 48, 89, 346 Burmannia, 93, 345 Cycnogeton, 119, 140, 144–5, 163 Burmanniaceae, 41, 83, 91–2, 311, 315 Cymodocea, 41, 119, 147, 163 Burnatia, 119, 129–30 Cymodoceaceae, 7, 11, 14, 16, 19, 27, 40, 87, Burseraceae, 245–8 92, 119, 127, 140, 145–7, 150, 155, 163, Butomaceae, 6, 10, 13–14, 16, 18, 35, 87, 119, 165–6, 177 125, 127, 129, 133, 155, 161 Cyperaceae, 32–3, 43, 48, 82, 109, 315, 318 Butomopsis, 119, 127–8, 161 Cyperales, 327 Butomus, 35, 87, 92–3, 119, 133, 161, 345 Cyrtosperma,37–8, 212, 215–16, 218, 254, 261, Buxaceae, 72–3 271, 275

352 taxonomic index

Damasonium, 35, 119, 131, 161 Ginkgo,4 Dasypogonaceae, 316, 327, 330, 332–3, 336–7 Gnetales, 18 Degeneria,63 Gonatopus, 39, 212, 216, 218–19, 224, 227, 232 Dianella, 45, 346 Goodyerinae, 45 Dianellophyllum,45 Groenlandia, 27, 119, 152, 163 Diclines, 253, 257, 259, 266, 271 Gunnera,73 Dicolpopollis,40 Gunneraceae, 72 Dicotyledons, 248 Gunnerales, 62 Dieffenbachia, 213–14, 217, 219, 230–1, 287 Gymnomesium, 235 Dieffenbachieae, 214, 229, 287 Gymnostachydoideae, 211, 214, 220, 279 Dilleniaceae, 63, 72 Gymnostachys, 27, 63, 164, 211–12, 214, 217, Dioscorea, 42, 90–1, 93, 317, 345 220, 222, 254, 258, 274, 280–1, 283, Dioscoreaceae, 42, 44, 83, 90–2, 94 291–2, 345 Dioscoreales, 4, 28, 30, 34, 41, 65, 82, 90–2, 94, 105–8, 110, 185, 311–12, 316, 327, 330, Haemanthophyllum,35–6 334–5 Halodule, 7, 11, 14, 27, 119, 147–8, 163, 165, Dioscoreocarpum,42 177, 345 Diversiarum, 234 Halophila, 41, 87, 119, 134, 137, 156, 161, Doryanthaceae, 44 166–8, 171, 173–4, 178, 180 Dracaena,44 Hapaline, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 231–2 Dracontioides, 212, 215–16, 218, 283 Harperocallis, 7, 19, 27 Dracontioninae, 253, 271, 275 Helanthium, 119, 130–1, 161 Dracontium, 212, 215–16, 218, 254, 271, 275, Helicodiceros, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 234 281–3, 292 Heliconia, 178, 348 Dracunculus,212–14, 216, 218, 223–4, 226, 232–5 Helobiae, 2 Hemerocallidaceae, 43 Ecdeiocoleaceae, 318 Hesperocallidaceae, 44 Echinodorus, 35, 89, 93, 119, 130–2, 156, 161 Heteropsis, 212–13, 215, 218, 223, 254, 258, 273 Egeria, 119, 134, 137, 161, 166–8, 170, 173 Hirsutiarum, 234 Elodea, 27, 119–20, 134, 137, 161, 167–8, 171, Holochlamys, 212–13, 215, 217–18 173, 176–8 Homalomena, 213, 215–16, 219, 230–1, 276 Eminium, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 234 Homalomeneae, 215, 229–30 Enhalus, 119, 134, 161, 167–8, 173, 176, 178 Hyacinthaceae, 44 Eoorchis,45 Hydrilla, 119, 128, 134, 161, 167–8, 171, 173–4, Epidendroideae, 45 176–8 Epipremnites, 39, 224 Hydrilloideae, 128, 134 Epipremnum, 39, 48, 212–13, 215, 217–18, Hydrilloideae Luerss, 128 223, 254 Hydrocharis, 27, 119, 134, 161, 166, 168, 171, Eriocaulaceae, 109, 315, 318, 328 173–4, 176 Eriocaulon, 328, 348 Hydrocharitaceae, 6–7, 10, 13–14, 16, 18–19, Eriospermum,44 26–7, 39–40, 87, 92, 119, 125, 127–9, 133–5, Erodium,18 138, 155, 161, 166–8, 170, 173–6, 180 Eucharis, 298–9 Hydrocharitoideae, 134 eudicots, 4, 33, 62, 72–3, 75, 92 Hydrocleys, 26, 119, 127–8, 131, 161 Eulimnocarpus,40 Hymenocallis, 299 Euvaginatae, 138 Hypoxidaceae, 44

Filarum, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 232 Iridaceae, 44 Flagellaria, 335, 349 Isidrogalvia,4,19 Flagellariaceae, 318 Ixioliriaceae, 44 Fragaria,75 Freycinetia, 43, 311, 346 Japonoliriaceae, 83, 89 Japonolirion,6,14–15, 41, 89, 318, 337, 343, 345 Gearum, 213, 217, 219, 230 Joinvilleaceae, 318 Geraniaceae, 18 Juncaceae, 318

taxonomic index 353

Juncaginaceae, 4, 7, 17, 27, 35, 92–3, 119, Mangonia, 213, 217, 219, 230 136, 140, 144–5, 150, 155, 163, 186, mapanioids, 42 198, 202–3 Maundia, 3, 7, 11, 17, 27, 119–20, 140–1, Juncales, 318, 327, 329, 331, 335–6 149, 163 Maundiaceae, 17, 119, 126, 140–1, 149–50, Keratosperma,37–8, 47, 225 155, 163 Klitzschophyllites,33 Mayaca, 328, 349 Mayacaceae, 318, 328 Lacandonia,75 Mayoa, 29, 39, 223 Lachnocaulon, 328, 349 Medardus,40 Lagarosiphon, 119, 139, 156, 161, 167, 171–3, Melanthiaceae, 43, 109 178 Menispermaceae, 44 Lagenandra, 212–14, 216–18, 231, 276 Metanarthecium,65 Lanariaceae, 44 Midravalva,40 Landoltia, 212, 215, 218, 221 Monimiaceae, 63 Lasia, 164, 212, 215–16, 218, 254, 271–2 Monoclines, 253, 257, 259, 271 Lasieae, 224–5, 272 monocotyledons, 1, 20, 118, 121–2 Lasimorpha, 212, 215–16, 218, 254, 271 Monstera, 39, 212–13, 215, 217–18, 223–4, Lasioideae, 36, 38, 48, 211, 215, 220, 224–8, 253, 254, 280 261, 266, 272, 274–7, 279, 281, 283, 291–2 Monstereae, 33, 215, 222–3 Lasiophyton,42 Monsteroideae, 33, 36, 48, 215, 222–3, 225, 228, Laurales, 32, 329–30, 333 254, 266, 273–6, 279 Laxmanniaceae, 44 Montrichardia, 37, 164, 213, 225, 229, 235, 275, Leguminosae, 60, 72, 75 285–7, 289 Lemna, 27, 37, 164, 212, 215, 218, 221, 292, 345 Montrichardieae, 36, 225 Lemnaceae, 164, 211, 221, 252, 254, 258, 262 Moraceae, 39 Lemneae, 292 Myrothamnaceae, 72 Lemnoideae, 36, 211, 215, 221–2, 226, 229, 259, Myrothamnus,73 262, 273, 277, 279, 292 Lemnospermum,37 Najadaceae, 127, 129, 140, 155 Lepilaena, 119, 150, 152, 156, 163 Najas, 5,7,13–15, 27, 39, 119–20, 127–9, Lilaea Bonpl., 140 135, 138, 155–6, 162, 166–7, 171–3, 178, Liliaceae, 43, 109, 255, 273, 315 180 Liliacidites,32 Narcissus, 285, 287, 297–8 Liliales, 4, 28, 30, 43, 45–6, 82, 105–7, 109–10, Nartheciaceae, 4, 19, 28, 41, 65, 82–3, 335 114, 185, 311, 316, 327, 329–30, 333–7 Narthecium, 28, 65, 345 Limnobiophyllum, 37, 222, 292 Nechamandra, 119, 162, 167, 173 Limnobium, 119, 134, 162, 167–8, 171, Nephthytideae, 215, 225, 229 173–4, 176 Nephthytis, 212–13, 215, 219, 225 Limnocarpella,40 Nietneria,65 Limnocarpus,40 Nitophyllites, 37, 233 Limnocharis, 35, 119, 127–8, 130, 161 Nolinoideae, 315 Limnocharitaceae, 83, 127–9, 155 Nuhliantha,42 Limnophyton, 35, 88, 119, 129, 131 Nuphar, 4, 26, 344 Lophiola,65 Nymphaeaceae, 4, 26 Lophotocarpus, 132 Nymphaeales, 4, 64, 329–30 Luminidites,45 Lysichiton, 37, 212, 215, 217, 221, 258, 280–1, Ochnaceae, 245, 248–9, 251, 255 291 Operculifructus,41 Orchidaceae, 4, 26, 45, 107, 315, 318, 327, Mabelia,42 329–30, 333, 336–7 Magnoliales, 329–30, 333 Orectanthe, 328, 349 magnoliids, 62, 64, 73 Orobanchaceae, 166 Maidenia, 139, 173, 175 Orontioideae, 36, 211, 215, 220, 225, 234, 258, Majanthemophyllum,44 279, 291–2

354 taxonomic index

Orontium, 27, 37, 212, 215, 217, 221, 258, 274, Potamogeton,39–40, 87, 92–4, 119, 150, 152–3, 280–1, 345 156, 163, 165, 186–7, 194–5, 198, 200, 202–3, Orontoideae, 280 205, 345 Ottelia, 39, 119, 139, 156, 162, 166–8, 170, 173, Potamogetonaceae, 11, 17, 27, 36, 40, 87, 92–3, 345 107, 119, 127, 140, 145, 150–3, 155, 163, 165, 186, 198, 203 Palaeopotamogeton,40 Potamogetonales, 7, 17, 123–4, 140, 142, 144, Palaeoruppia,40 155 Pancratium, 299 Potentilla,75 Pandanaceae, 29, 42, 83, 89, 91–2, 304, 311 Pothoideae, 36, 211, 217, 222–8, 253–6, 262, Pandanales, 29, 34, 42, 45–6, 83, 89–92, 94, 271–4, 279, 281, 292 105–7, 110, 304, 307, 311, 316, 327, 330, 335 Pothoidium, 212–13, 217–18, 223, 254, 258, Pandaniidites,37 280 pandans, 41–2 Pothos, 212–13, 217–18, 223, 254, 258, 273–4, Pandanus, 42, 91, 93, 305, 312, 346 280, 291 Paracordyline,44 Protarum, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 232–3 Pedatyphonium, 234 Proteales, 72, 74 Pedicellarum, 212–13, 217–18, 223 Protoyucca,44 Pedicularis, 166 Proxapertites, 39, 224 Peltandra, 212–16, 218–19, 232–3, 276 Pseudalthenia, 119, 152–3, 156 Pennipolis,32 Pseudohydrosme, 212–13, 215, 219, 225 Pentapetalae, 62–3, 72–3 Pycnospatha, 215–16, 218, 283 Pentastemona, 91, 304 Petermannia, 44, 347 Ranalisma, 35, 119, 130, 161 Petermanniaceae, 44 Ranunculales, 33, 62, 72 Petermanniopsis,43 Rapateaceae, 318, 327, 331 Petrocardium, 36, 224 Remusatia, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 234, 276 Petrosavia, 41, 89–90, 345 Restionaceae, 318 Petrosaviaceae, 6, 83, 90, 121 Restionales, 318, 327, 331, 334–8 Petrosaviales, 30, 34, 41, 83, 89–90, 92, 94, 185, Rhaphidophora, 213, 215, 217–18, 223, 254 316, 327, 330, 337 Rhipogonaceae, 4, 28, 44 Phalaenopsis, 4, 26, 347 Rhodospatha, 213, 215, 218–19, 223, 254 Philesiaceae, 4, 28, 43 Rhodospathodendron, 39, 224 Philodendreae, 216, 229, 276, 287 Rosa, 33, 75 Philodendroideae, 209, 226–9, 262, 266, 276 Rosaceae, 60, 72, 75 Philodendron,92–3, 213, 215–16, 219–20, 230, Rosales, 76 274, 276, 284–9, 292 rosids, 63, 73 Philonotion, 212–13, 216–18, 231 Ruppia, 7, 11, 14, 27, 40, 87, 92–3, 119, 145, Phormium, 45, 346 147, 149, 163, 165 Phyllospadix, 119, 153, 155, 164 Ruppiaceae, 7, 11, 16, 27, 40, 87, 92–3, Pinaceae, 18 107, 127, 140, 145–7, 155, 163, 165, Pinellia, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 232–4, 276 198 Piperaceae, 44, 279 Ruscaceae, 44 Piperales, 36, 281, 327, 329–30, 332, 334 Rutaceae, 245–8, 253 Pistia, 37, 164, 209, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 221–2, 232–3, 235, 252, 254, 258, 277, 287, 290 Sabiaceae, 72–4 Pleea, 7, 19, 27, 345 Sagittaria, 13, 35, 119, 131, 133, 156, 161, Poaceae, 33, 109, 315, 318 345 Poales, 4, 28, 30, 64, 105–7, 109–10, 114, 316, Sanmiguella,32 318, 327–8, 331–8 Santalales, 63 Posidocea,41 Sararanga,89 Posidonia,5,14–15, 27, 41, 119, 147–9, 163, 166, Sauromatum, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 232, 197, 199, 345 234, 276 Posidoniaceae, 11, 14, 16, 27, 40, 87, 92, 119, Saururaceae, 36, 44, 279 140, 145–6, 148, 155, 163, 166, 197 Saururus, 36, 345

taxonomic index 355

Saxifraga, 243, 245, 273 Tofieldiaceae, 1–2, 4, 7, 10, 19, 27, 40, 62–3, 74, Saxifragales, 63 83, 87, 92, 94, 121–3, 155, 186, 198, 202 Scheuchzeria, 92, 119, 144, 163, 197–8, 345 Tonina, 328, 349 Scheuchzeriaceae, 11, 16–17, 35, 63, 92–3, 119, Tornelia, 254 140, 142, 144, 163, 197 Triantha, 7, 19, 28 Schismatoglottidoideae, 226, 229, 231 Trichopus, 91, 317, 346 Schismatoglottis, 213, 216–19, 231, 286–8 Triglochin, 17, 27, 119, 140, 144–5, 155, 163, Scindapsites, 39, 224 186–8, 191, 200–3, 205, 345 Scindapsus, 213, 215, 217–18, 223, 254 Trilliaceae, 178 Selseycarpus,40 Trillium, 178, 347 Simaroubaceae, 245–8 Triuridaceae, 29, 42, 61, 75, 83, 91, 121, 304, Similipollis,32 311, 315, 317 Smilacaceae, 44 Trochodendraceae, 72–3 Smilacites,44 Typhaceae, 318, 327, 331 Smilax, 42, 44, 347 Typhonodorum, 212–16, 218–19, 232–3, 276 Spathicarpeae, 217, 229–30, 287 Spathiphylleae, 39, 217, 222–3, 231 Urospatha, 38, 213, 215–16, 218–19, 275, Spathiphyllum, 39, 213, 215, 217–18, 223–4, 282–3, 292 254, 274, 280 Urospathites, 39, 225 Spirodela, 213, 215, 217, 221 Urtica,76 Stemona,90–1, 346 Stemonaceae, 42, 64, 83, 90–1, 304, 311 Vallisneria,4–5, 13, 26, 39, 119–20, 138–9, 156, Stenophora,91 162, 167–8, 172–3, 178 Stenospermation, 213, 215, 218–19, 223 Vellozia, 89, 304–8 Steudnera, 212–14, 216, 218–19, 234, 275 Velloziaceae, 42, 83, 89–92, 304, 306–7, 311 Stichoneuron,91 Viracarpon,43 Stratiotes, 5, 7, 27, 39, 119, 135, 162, 166, 168, Virginianthus,32 170–1, 173 Vitales, 63 Stratiotoideae Luerss., 134 Stuckenia, 119, 152, 164 Wiesneria, 119, 129, 131, 161 Stylochaeton, 213, 216, 218–19, 225–7, 229, Winteraceae, 62 284, 290 Winteroideae, 62–3 Symplocarpus, 37, 164, 211, 213, 215, 217, Wolffia, 213, 215, 218, 221 220, 254, 258, 274, 280–1, 291, 345 Wolffieae, 292 Syngonanthus, 320, 328, 349 Wolffiella, 213, 215, 218, 221 Syringodium, 119, 147, 163 Xanthorrhoeaceae, 45 Tacca, 42, 346 Xanthosoma, 164, 212–14, 216, 218–19, Taccaceae, 91 232–3, 276 Takhtajania,62 Xeronemataceae, 44 Talbotia,89–91, 311, 346 Xerophyta Juss., 304 Tambourissa,63 Xyridaceae, 318, 328 Tecophilaeaceae, 44 Xyridales, 318, 328, 331, 334–7 Tetroncium, 119, 140, 144, 163 Xyris, 317, 328, 349 Thalassia, 5, 13, 15, 27, 41, 119, 134, 162, 167–8, 171, 173–4, 180 Yucca, 44, 346 Thalassites,41 Thalassocharis,41 Zamioculcadeae, 222, 225, 227 Thalassodendron, 41, 119, 147, 163, 165 Zamioculcadoideae, 219, 222, 225–9, Thalassotaenia,41 279, 284 Themidaceae, 44 Zamioculcas, 213, 216, 218–19, 226–7, 284 Thomsonieae, 218, 225, 232 Zannichellia, 27, 119, 150, 152, 156, 164, 166 Thurniaceae, 318 Zannichelliaceae, 140, 145, 150, 152, 155 Tofieldia, 7, 19, 27, 40, 65, 87, 92–4, 186–90, Zantedeschia, 213, 219, 229–30, 235 197–8, 200, 202–4, 345 Zantedeschieae, 219, 229

356 taxonomic index

Zingiberales, 30, 33, 43, 105–8, 110, 316, 327, Zosteraceae, 11, 28, 40, 87–8, 92, 94, 119, 331, 333, 337 127, 129, 140–1, 145, 150, 153–5, 163, Zomicarpeae, 232 166, 198 Zostera, 28, 41, 88, 94, 119, 153–6, 164, Zosterites,41 166, 345 Zygogynum,63

Subject index

3'-rps12, 4–5, 14 biome, 100–4, 107, 109–11 5.8S, 235 Bogner, Josef, 27, 33, 36, 39, 120, 208–12, 5S-NTS, 129–32, 150–2 214–16, 219–20, 222, 224–30, 232, 235, 243, 263, 279, 284, 292 ABC model, 301 Borneo, 110 ACCTRAN optimization, 65 Brazil, 103, 110, 221, 223, 276, 304–5 acetolysis, 167, 171 Africa, 34, 45–6, 139, 143, 155, 187, 228, 234, California, 4, 40, 103 275–6, 304 calyculus, 188–9, 202–4 Albian, 1, 29, 32, 36 calyx, 248, 297–8 allozymes, 230, 235 Campanian, 35–7, 40, 43, 223 amber, 33, 45 Canada, 35, 37–8, 48, 220, 225, 232 amplified fragment length polymorphism Cenomanian, 32 (AFLP), 223, 232–3, 235 Cenozoic, 47 Amur region, 232 Cenozoic Global Climatic Optimum, 34, 47 Andes, 110, 276 Central America, 275–6 androecium, 188, 190, 195–6, 259, 281, 297–8 Chase, Mark W., 1–2, 10, 16, 27, 29, 61, 82–3, anemophily, 166, 176, 179–80 121–2, 186, 308, 311, 315–16 anther, 82, 88–9, 287, 299, 304–6, 308, 311 China, 40–1, 304 anthesis, 61, 199, 281, 307 chloroplast, 121, 123, 126, 131, 154–5, 175, 208 apocarpy, 61, 64, 73 chlororespiration, 4, 19 apomorphy, 49, 92–4 cladistic analysis, 208, 220, 222, 225 Aptian, 29, 36 cladogram, 135, 208, 210–11, 221–4, 226, Argentina, 40 229–30, 234–5, 260, 287 Asia, 34, 37, 45, 110–11, 142, 234, 274–5 climate change, 29, 100, 112, 114 atp1, 123, 128 cob, 123, 128 atpB, 4, 14, 26, 121–2, 321, 325 Cohen, James I., 315 Australia, 32, 34, 39, 43–6, 108, 142, 274 Colombia, 36, 224, 235 Austria, 41, 43, 221, 224 compitum, 73, 75 compression, 30, 32 baculae, 167, 176 computed tomography, 32 Baltic, 33, 39 consistency index (CI), 121, 320 Barabé, Denis, 220, 225–6, 228–31, 251, coprolites, 33 279–91 corolla, 248, 297–8 Barrett, Craig F., 315 corona, 297–9, 301, 303 Belgium, 41 Cretaceous, 29, 32–3, 35–6, 40–2, 44–6, 220, BIOCLIM, 104 222–3, 225, 227, 232, 292 biogenetic law, 279 Cusimano, Natalie, 2, 208, 210–12, 217, 220–3, biogeography, 29, 45–6, 103, 220, 231, 233–4, 225–6, 228–35, 263, 266, 271, 279–80, 283–4, 248, 250, 273 287, 289, 291–2

358 subject index

cytotypes, 134, 148 geophytes, 228, 280, 315 Czech Republic, 39, 42, 45 Germany, 36, 41, 43, 224, 235, 263–4 germination, 87, 92, 94, 166, 178 Darwin, Charles, 244–5, 263 Givnish, Thomas J., 1–3, 61, 121–2, 308, 316, Davis, Jerrold I., 2, 10, 16, 61, 82–3, 123, 134, 318, 320, 337, 343 186, 315–16, 325 Govaerts, Rafaël, 99, 102 DELTRAN optimization, 64 Graham, Sean W., 1–6, 17, 26, 29, 40, 61, 122, dispersal, 109, 177–8, 277 134, 164, 308, 315–16 dispersal-vicariance analysis, 235 grasslands, 34, 47, 103, 109–10 diversification, 60, 99–100, 109, 245, 278, 316 Grayum, Michael H., 49, 87, 91, 166, 208, DNA, 4–5, 14, 18, 27, 120–2, 126, 130–2, 138, 210–11, 220, 222–4, 226–7, 229–30, 243, 260, 147, 208, 220–1, 229–31, 233–5, 242, 300, 263, 272, 291 316, 320, 343 gymnosperms, 94 cpDNA, 121–3, 127–9, 131–8, 140, 145–7, 150, gynoecium, 60–1, 63–6, 72–6, 187, 190, 153 194–6, 248, 261, 281, 284–7, 290–1, 297 mtDNA, 123, 134, 147 multilocular, 62 nrDNA, 128, 134–5 pseudomonomerous, 76, 291 Duvall, Melvin R., 2, 121–2, 211, 221, 316, 349 syncarpous, 61 unicarpellate, 64, 67 Ecuador, 110 Egypt, 39, 48 Haeckel, Ernst, 271, 279 embryology, 304 haustorium, 311 endosperm, 38, 259, 277, 307, 309–11 helophyte, 33 England, 35, 43 heterochronic delay, 200 Engler, Adolf heterotachy, 18 classification, 209, 228, 243–4, 251, 255, homeosis, 288 258, 262–3 homoplasy, 2, 72, 129, 139, 146, 287, 310 Das Pflanzenreich series, 243, 259, 262, Hungary, 42 273 hybridization, 131, 138, 142, 152–3, 201 entomophily, 166, 175–7, 179 hydrophily, 2 Eocene, 33, 35–6, 38–45, 47–8, 224–5, 233, 235 epihydrophily, 167, 175, 179 Ethiopia, 42 hypohydrophily, 175–7, 179 ETS, 230 hypanthium, 301–2 eudicots, 4, 33, 62, 72–3, 75, 92 Eurasia, 37, 40 Iles, William J.D., 1, 5, 17, 27, 61, 63, 65, 74, Europe, 35, 37, 39–44, 46–7, 108 120, 123, 126–7, 129, 134, 140–1, eusyncarpy. See syncarpy 145–7, 150 evapotranspiration, 101, 104, 111–12 India, 34, 39, 43, 45, 47, 224 exine, 82, 84, 87, 90–4, 165, 167, 171, Indo-Malay peninsula, 110 176–8, 180 Indonesia, 41 extinction, 72, 99–100, 114 integument, 33, 38, 255, 273, 307 intercarpellary fusion, 60–6, 72–3, 75–6 fertilization, 176, 307, 311 congenital, 61–5, 74–5, 200 floral morphology, 246–7, 252–3, 265 postgenital, 61, 63, 65, 75 Florida, 41 intine, 171, 173 forests, 34, 42, 46, 103, 110 ITS, 160, 175, 230–1, 300 coniferous, 109 ITS1, 235 fossilization, 30–1 ITS2, 235 France, 39, 41 nrITS, 127, 129–31, 134, 137–8, 142, 148, 154 Furness, Carol A., 82–4, 89, 91–4, 178, 304, 311 Japan, 40–1, 44, 220 gametophyte, 177–8 Jones, F. Andrew, 99 megagametophyte, 304, 307, 309, 311 generalized linear models (GLM), 104 Kazakhstan, 36 genotype, 303 Kenya, 42, 44

subject index 359

laticifers, 227–8, 253–4, 259, 266, 271, 273, 275 New Zealand, 44–6 leaf morphology, 224, 248 North America, 33–5, 37, 40, 42, 44, 46–7, 232, Leebens-Mack, Jim, 90, 315–16, 345–6, 348 234, 274, 276 Les, Donald H., 1–3, 7, 10, 16–18, 118, 120–1, nucellus, 307, 312 123–9, 134–5, 138, 140, 142, 144–5, 147, 150, 152–4, 161, 175, 221 Oligocene, 35–7, 39, 42, 44, 48, 224, 235 London Clay, 35 ontogeny, 31, 82, 279 lumina, 92–3 Orme, C. David L., 99

Maastrichtian, 35, 37, 40–1, 44, 223 Pacific, 45, 110, 223, 231 Madagascar, 45, 142–3, 274, 276 Paleocene, 33, 35–6, 38–42, 44, 46 Malaysia, 41 Paleogene, 30, 37, 221, 224 matK, 121–2, 127–32, 138, 140, 142, 149, 154–5, paralogy, 153 160, 175, 215, 221, 230–3, 317–21, 324–7, parsimony analysis, 319–20, 325, 327, 329, 329–30, 332–4, 336–8, 343–9 332–3 maximum likelihood (ML) analysis, 4–14, pedicel, 185, 200–3 16–18, 120, 122, 124, 127, 137, 140–1, 145–6, peel technique, 32, 48 150, 320, 325, 328, 333 perianth, 168, 186, 188, 190, 192, 194–6, 198, maximum parsimony (MP) analysis, 5–14, 200, 202, 281, 290–1, 299 16–18, 63–6, 72–3, 120, 122, 126–7, 131, perigon, 227, 259, 266, 277, 289–90 137, 140, 142, 145, 148, 150 permineralization, 30, 32 Mayo, Simon J., 33, 36, 166, 198, 208–9, 220–9, Petersen, Gitte, 2–3, 18, 123, 126, 129, 134–5, 231, 243 144–5, 147, 150, 208, 211–12, 214–15, 219, McNeal, Joel R., 315 222, 227, 229, 232, 263, 315, 348 megaspore, 307, 309 petiole, 31, 35, 43, 257–8, 271 meiosis, 75, 87, 307 phenotype, 228, 290, 303 Mello-Silva, Renato, 304–5, 310–11 Philippines, 212, 274 meristem, 188–9, 193–4, 196, 198, 200–2, 204, phloem, 247, 254, 257, 271, 273 301, 315 photosynthesis, 4, 19, 47, 110, 168 merosity, 281 PhyC, 121–2, 234 Messel Formation, 224 phyllome, 188–9, 202, 204 micropyle, 307 phyllotaxis, 259 microsporogenesis, 82, 87, 89, 94, 311 phylogenetic taxonomy, 246 mimicry, 235 phytoliths, 30, 33 Miocene, 34–5, 37, 39, 41–4, 233 Pires, J. Chris, 315 molecular markers, 74, 153, 223, 231 pistillode, 284, 286 Mongolia, 37, 40 placentation, 291, 307 monophyly, 3, 7, 10, 16, 120–1, 127, 130, 139, plasmodium, 89, 91, 311 144, 147, 149, 154, 232, 234, 265–6, 318, plastid genes, 3–4, 6, 11, 13–14, 16, 18 329–30, 332, 336 plastid genome sequences, 316, 318, 327, morphogenesis, 279–80, 288, 291–3 338 Munich, 243–5, 251–3, 263 plastome, 74, 316, 321, 333–4, 336–7 Murata, Jin, 165, 235 plesiomorphy, 49, 72, 227, 259, 308 Pliocene, 35, 39–41, 43 nad1, 233 ploidy, 235 NADH dehydrogenase, 3, 12, 16, 18 pollen Nägeli’s theory, 255, 260, 263–4, 266 apertures, 82, 87, 92 ndhB, 4–5, 13–15, 18–19, 26, 321 evolution, 83 ndhF, 4–5, 13–14, 16, 18–19, 26, 121–2, 220, pollination 321, 325 adaptation, 166 Neogene, 30, 37, 224 hydrophilous, 2, 87 neoteny, 292 hypohydrophilous, 165 Netherlands, 26, 41 mechanisms, 165–6, 173, 175–6, 178–80 New Guinea, 110, 142 wind, 166, 176 New Jersey, 42 polyphyly, 264, 266

360 subject index

polyploidy, 142, 148, 153 scanning electron microscope (SEM), 48, 88, polytomy, 175, 213, 234 93, 170, 173–4, 180, 186, 209, 305–6 Portugal, 29, 36, 223, 227 Schott, Heinrich Wilhelm, 164, 226, 228, 230, Potomac group, 32 243, 253–7, 259, 266, 270–1, 274–5, 345 Precambrian, 47 Scotland, Robert W., 297 precipitation, 47, 99, 104–5, 108–13 seagrasses, 2, 29, 40, 87, 92–4 primordium, 188–9, 191, 194, 196, 198–202, Seberg, Ole, 315 204, 281–2, 285, 288–90, 307 selection, 180, 264 Princeton Chert, 35–6, 38, 48 septal nectaries, 63, 65, 70, 73–4, 307 Progressions, 260–1, 266 Siberia, 35, 37, 42, 225, 235, 274 protein translation, 4 Smith, Selena Y., 1, 26, 29–30, 33, 36–7, 42–3, psbA, 150–2, 322 47–8, 82, 225, 297, 299 psbB, 4, 26, 234, 321 Sobkowiak, Benjamin, 99 psbC, 4, 321 Sokoloff, Dmitry D., 60, 64, 74, 185–7, psbD, 4, 26, 235, 321 198, 202 psbE, 4, 26, 323 South Africa, 108 psbF, 4 South America, 34, 36, 46–7, 110–11, 224, 274, psbH, 4, 234, 323 276, 304 psbJ, 4 spadix, 33, 36, 48, 87, 93, 179, 185, 227–8, 235, psbL, 4 259, 275, 287, 290, 292 psbN, 4 speciation, 99, 273 psbT, 4 species richness, 99–107, 109–14 pseudogenes, 5, 15, 19 sporopollenin, 87, 89, 93–4, 179 pseudomonomery, 76, 289–91 staminate, 42, 227, 285, 288 staminodes, 275, 285–9 Quaternary, 33 Stevenson, Dennis W.M., 82, 315–16 stigma, 87, 144, 165–6, 173–4, 180, 288 radiation, 33, 118, 315 stylodia, 75 rainforests, 41, 100, 178 Sumatra, 39, 224 RAPD, 131, 231 symplesiomorphy, 287 rbcL, 2–4, 11, 14, 17, 26, 83, 121, 123, 127, 129, sympodium, 252, 258, 275 134, 138, 140, 149–52, 154–5, 160, 175, 211, synapomorphy, 18, 30, 61, 64, 92, 94, 221, 233, 235, 317–21, 324–7, 329–30, 332–8, 226, 259 343–9 syncarpy, 61–4, 72–5 Remizowa, Margarita V., 60–5, 70, 73, 76, 83, synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic 185, 187, 198–200, 202, 204 microscopy (SRXTM), 32, 48 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), 208, 231, 234 Tanaka, Norio, 2, 129, 153–4, 165–7, 175, retention index (RI), 121, 320 178 rhizomes, 40, 48, 110 tapetum, 82–3, 88–9, 91, 94–5, 305, 311 rpl16, 221, 230, 323 taphonomy, 31, 43 rpl2, 4–5, 13–15, 26, 322 Tasmania, 44 rpl20, 233–4, 323 Taxonomic Database Working Group rps12, 4, 26, 233–4 (TDWG), 102–3, 107 rps16, 233, 235, 323, 327 TBR swapping, 325 rps7, 4–5, 14, 26, 322 tectum, 89, 91, 171 Rudall, Paula J., 60, 64–5, 76, 82, 89, 91–2, 94, tenuitate, 87, 93 178, 185, 292, 304, 307, 311, 318 terminals, 317, 319–20, 325, 329 Russia, 35, 40, 103, 187, 225, 232 Tertiary, 224–5, 228, 245, 277 Thailand, 111 Sajo, Maria das Graças, 304, 307–8 Timerdyakh Formation, 225 saltation, 225 Tippery, Nicholas P., 2, 7, 17, 118, 120, 139 Saudi Arabia, 40 topology, 6, 61–2, 64–6, 73–4, 83, 110, 121, savannah, 109, 111 144, 149–50, 175, 186, 221, 223, 227, Savolainen, Vincent, 99 229–34, 336

subject index 361

transmission electron microscope (TEM), 48, Uehara, Koichi, 165 89–90, 170, 172 UK, 37–9, 41, 43 Triassic, 32, 39 USA, 4, 32, 42, 44, 103 trnG, 234 trnH, 150–2 vascularization, 284, 291 trnK, 128, 135, 138, 141–2, 144, 150, 160, 221, vasculature, 198, 200, 202, 204, 291 231, 233–5 vegetative anatomy, 226, 246–7, 253, 258–9, 261 trnL, 4–5, 14, 26, 131, 148–50, 152, 220–2, 230–5 venation, 33, 36, 42–4, 224, 228, 235–6, 248, 259, trnL-F, 220–1, 230–1 277 tropics, 100, 109–11, 274, 277 tundra, 100, 103, 108, 110 Wilkin, Paul, 345 Turkey, 110 World Wildlife Fund (WWF), 102–3, 107 Turonian, 42 Wyoming, 36, 44 Types, 245, 251, 257, 278 Basic Type, 246–8 ycf2, 321, 325, 327