Partisanship, Power and Politics
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
WHO DECIDES LEGISLATORS’ PAY? PAGE 33 July/August 2014 CAPITOL Partisanship, RESTORATIONS Power and TRUE COST OF Politics LEGISLATION THE FUTURE OF VOTING CHIEFS OF STAFF Is your state home to oNe oF the largest ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT projects in the country? MARK VERBECK Nuclear operatioNs traiNiNg maNager, georgia power I’m one of 5,000 workers building the future of nuclear energy in Georgia. america’s nuclear energy industry employs energy expertise and components for the 100,000 workers and is growing with $740 billion global market over the next renewed global potential. Five new reactors 10 years. in georgia, south carolina and tennessee have created tens of thousands of well- We are working to keep nuclear energy an paying jobs. When finished, these facilities important part of america’s energy future. will provide affordable electricity and boost the economy for decades. global projects also are creating thousands of american jobs. Worldwide, 71 nuclear power plants are being built and more than 170 reactors are in the planning stage. Get the facts at nei.org/jobs this means more demand for u.s. nuclear #futureofenergy CLIENT: NEI (Nuclear Energy Institute) PUB: State Legislatures Magazine RUN DATE: July/August SIZE: 7.5” x 9.875” Full Page VER.: Jobs/Mark - Full Page Ad 4CP: JULY/AUGUST 2014 VOL 40 NO 7 | CONTENTS STATE LEGISLATURES NCSL’s national magazine of policy and politics FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 18 PEAK OF PARTISANSHIP 4 POINT OF ORDER By Suzanne Weiss In legislatures across the nation, 5 STATESTAT a growing ideological divide is States rely on a mix of taxes. getting harder to bridge. 6 40 YEARS STRONG 24 CAPITOL GAINS How has the nation changed since By Suzanne Weiss 1975? Capitol renovation projects are bringing our beloved symbols of 8 PEOPLE & POLITICS democracy back to life. What’s happening under the domes. 33 THE POLITICS OF PAY By Morgan Cullen 9 TRENDS & TRANSITIONS Legislator compensation Supreme Court ruling on town commissions help take the politics meeting prayers, mid-level dental out of pay raises. providers, a lifeline for Detroit, solar energy powers up, peer-to- peer vacation rentals and the $10 36 THE ‘NICE’ LEGISLATURE IMAGES GETTY By Alan Rosenthal Minnesota Capitol state minimum wage Here’s a different take on how state legislatures should be 50 THE POWER OF PRIDE compared and ranked. By Lou Jacobson Being a gay or lesbian state 40 NO SURPRISES lawmaker is now so common it’s By Natalie Wood no longer an issue. Job No. 1 for chiefs of staff is being an extra set of eyes and ears 54 WHAT’S ALL THE HYPE ABOUT HEMP? for their presiding officers. By Jack Queen 16 STATELINE Hemp advocates are working hard News from around the nation— 44 MISSION ACCOMPLISHED to cultivate this growing industry. from Alabama’s stricter boating By Lisa Green law to the Texas sriracha delegation Norman Rockwell’s model for 56 COUNT THE COST a boy astronaut—now a state By Erica Michel and Todd legislator—tracks down the Haggerty illustration’s final destination. Understanding the potential costs and consequences of a bill is 46 STAYING POWER crucial. By Morgan Cullen They began their legislative 59 VOTING: WHAT’S NEXT? careers in 1975—young, eager and By Katy Owens Hubler committed; their wisdom guides States and counties are leading the 62 AS THEY SEE IT them today. way in the never-ending quest to Quotes and cartoons from around modernize how we vote. the states STATE LEGISLATURES | JULY/AUGUST 2014 STATE LEGISLATURES A National CONFERENCE OF State Legislatures PUBLICATION Executive Director POINT OF ORDER William T. Pound Director of Communications Karen Hansen Editor NCSL NEWS Julie Lays Assistant Editor Mary Winter LEGISLATIVE SUMMIT EXPERTISE Web Editors Edward P. Smith States with medical marijuana laws. Mark Wolf “Each state is unique in how it handles its Copy Editor Leann Stelzer program, based on the need.”—Karmen Hanson, NCSL marijuana policy analyst, Contributors 23 Glen Andersen Martha King on how states determine the number of dispensaries to Feray Baytok Karl Kurtz Megan Comlossy Donna Lyons permit, at minnpost.com. Josh Ewing Jeanne Mejeur Doug Farquhar Arturo Pérez Rochelle Finzel Jennifer Saunders USA Today: “If you have a wage that’s so low that all Pam Greenberg Dan Thatcher Lauren Heintz Laura Tobler members of the public can’t run for the state legislature Todd Haggerty Kae Warnock and serve, then I think you have a problem.”—Morgan Scott Hendrick Madeleine Webster Michael Hernandez Nina Williams-Mbengue Cullen, NCSL legislative management analyst. Art Director Bruce Holdeman HuffingtonPost.com: “The country is increasingly Advertising Sales Manager urbanizing, and habitat that used to be open fields is now LeAnn Hoff (303) 364-7700 contiguous to development.”—Douglas Shinkle, NCSL .................................... NCSL OFFICERS environment policy analyst, about bills in some states to President protect hunters’ rights. Senator Bruce Starr, Oregon President Elect The Pittsburgh Tribune-Review: “The trough of the Senator Debbie Smith, Nevada Great Recession was so deep that the climb out of it has Vice President No. 1 200 been very difficult and gradual.”—Todd Haggerty, former Senator Curt Bramble, Utah NCSL policy analyst, about states still struggling with Staff Chair Minneapolis’ ranking MILLION deficits. Tom Wright, Alaska among U.S. cities in 2013 Staff Vice Chair for cleanliness, fitness, YouTube views of TED talks Pennlive.com: “When a change in the size of a legislature Margaret Piety, Indiana health and parks. It’s the given by Sir Ken Robinson, is considered, debate typically centers around three major Immediate Past President Speaker Terie Norelli, place to be Aug. 19-22 for an international leader in themes: representation, efficiency and cost.”—Brenda New Hampshire the 40th annual Legislative education, creativity and Erickson, NCSL senior research analyst, on a proposal to Immediate Past Staff Chair Summit. innovation who you’ll get shrink Pennsylvania state government. Patsy Spaw, Texas to hear at the Summit in .................................... Denver Office Minneapolis. RESEARCH E-VIDEOS 7700 East First Place Denver, Colorado 80230 (303) 364-7700 2 minutes Washington, D.C. Office 10 444 North Capitol Street, N.W. Time it takes to watch Suite 515 Critical steps a legislator must take in building a top-notch Washington, D.C. 20001 95 NCSL’s weekly e-video (202) 624-5400 online profile, among the leadership skills offered at four professional track sessions at the Summit: Managing Your Subject areas—from about what’s new on Website www.ncsl.org/magazine Online Image, Becoming a Transformational Legislative absentee voting to youth Capitol Hill. Recent .................................... Leader, Winston Churchill’s Language of Leadership, and voters—that you will find #cap2cap highlights: Status State Legislatures (ISSN 0147- in NCSL’s new Elections of the Highway Trust Fund, 0641), the national magazine of Managing Legislative Staff: Best Practices policy and politics, is published Administration Research Chemicals in Commerce monthly by the National Conference of State Legislatures Database of nearly 2,000 Act, Sports Blackout Rule except July/August and October/ reports. Go to ncsl. and Workforce Investment November, which are combined. Postmaster: Send address org and type “elections Act. changes to: State Legislatures, administration database” in 7700 East First Place, Denver, TWEETS CO 80230. the search window. © 2014, All Rights Reserved. WEBINARS Opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily reflect NCSL policy. 34 2 p.m. ET Go to www.ncsl.org/bookstore/ to States with laws requiring voters to show identification at subscribe. Annual rates: U.S.—$49; foreign—$55; teachers—$25 the polls, as of May. The time on Sept. 25 you can log on to NCSL’s free webinar (promo code SLMTEA). Single Other recent tweets include: for new bill drafters, “What Does That Mean? Crafting and copy: $6.50. • Does your state require carbon monoxide detectors in Using Definitions in Statutes.” Register at www.ncsl.org/ Letters to the editor and requests default.aspx?tabid=28249 for permission to reprint may certain residential buildings? be mailed to Julie Lays in the • Did you know at least 18 states allow in-state tuition rates Denver office or e-mailed to her at: [email protected]. for undocumented students? Send subscriptions and changes • Free #NCSL webinar discusses issue of leaking natural gas of address to the Marketing Department in Denver. pipelines and their impacts. NCSL.ORG Periodically, NCSL rents mailing labels to other organizations. If you prefer your name not be included please send a written request. State Legislatures is indexed in the PAIS Bulletin and Expanded Academic Index. It is also available in microform and electronically through University Microfilms Inc. (UMI) at (800) 521-0600. STATESTATS | 5 States Rely on a Mix of Taxes tates fund government operations with an assortment of taxes—each state with its own uniquely com- posed tax base. Individual income and general sales taxes account for the lion’s share of states’ tax rev- Tax Sources (National Average) enue—about 72 percent—roughly double the percentage the two taxes contributed in 1960. A few states rely heavily on business taxes; in others, miscellaneous taxes, such as severance taxes, Martha King play a major role in their overall tax picture. Karl Kurtz Donna Lyons Florida and Washington generate 60 percent of their tax revenue from sales taxes—the highest percent- Jeanne Mejeur Arturo Pérez age in the country—and none from individual income taxes. Conversely, Oregon gets 68 percent of its tax revenue Jennifer Saunders S Dan Thatcher from the individual income tax and has no state sales tax. Vermont raises more than 34 percent of its revenue from Laura Tobler Kae Warnock property taxes, while Alaska raises more than two-thirds from severance taxes on oil and gas producers.