B.B MINERALS (SG RAIA) SDN. BHD. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT
ES
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER 1 –INTRODUCTION
1. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared for a Project known as “Proposed Quarry Operation On Lots 177251, 202100, 202101 and 301573, Mukim Sungai Raia, Kinta District, Perak Darul Ridzuan.”
2. It is a proposed limestone quarry operation to cater any demand of limestone products with the proposed production rate of 15,000 tons per month.
3. The Project qualifies as prescribed activity under Schedule 14 (Quarrying) of the Environmental Quality (Prescribed Activities) (Environmental Impact Assessment) Order 1987. Thus, the Project Proponent is required to submit an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report to the Director General of the Department of Environment (DOE) for approval before the operation can be started.
4. Based on Department of Environment (DOE) compliances letter dated on 11th September 2013 (Ref No :‟AS(B)A91/110/621/017Jld.17(2)), it was stated that an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report shall be prepared and approved before the Project can be proceed.
5. For information, the Project already has approval from the Mineral and Geoscience Department Perak based on Surat Kelulusan Pengkuarian Bil 74/2013 for the period of 01.07.2013-31.12.2013.
6. The landowner of the Project is B.B Minerals Sdn. Bhd. The Project Proponent which responsible of this EIA report and the operation is its associates company under B.B Minerals (Sg Raia) Sdn. Bhd. Any inquiry pertaining to the Project shall be directed to the following:
Landowner: B.B Minerals Sdn. Bhd. (330393-D) 24-2, Medan Setia 2 Plaza Damansara Damansara Heights 50490 Kuala Lumpur.
Project Proponent: B.B Minerals (Sg Raia) Sdn. Bhd. (1033956-V) 24-2, Medan Setia 2 Plaza Damansara Damansara Heights 50490 Kuala Lumpur.
Contact Person: Dato‟ Cheong Hock Soon DIMP, AMP (Director) Tel: 03-56218900, Fax: 03-56111313 H/p: 019-2207102 Email: [email protected]
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7. The EIA consultant commissioned for this EIA study is Anuar Mining And Environmental Consultant, a mining and environmental consulting firm specializing in quarrying, mining, rock blasting and environmental industries.
Anuar Mining And Environmental Consultant (IP0257096-U) 10A, Jalan Pasar Tambun 31400 Ipoh Perak Darul Ridzuan.
Contact Person: Ir. Hj. Anuar Bin Hamzah (Principal) Tel: 05-5452671 Fax: 05-5462670 Email: [email protected]
8. Other parties involved in preparation of the EIA report such as the following:
Particular Party Involve Area Involve Quarry Consultant Loh Consultants Sdn. Quarry Consultancy EIA consultant Lim Sze Fook Air Dispersion Modelling EIA consultant Dr. Radzuan Junin Soil Erosion Modelling Laboratory NM Laboratory Sdn. Bhd. Water, Air & Noise Quality Monitoring Laboratory TS Lab Sdn. Bhd. Water Quality Monitoring
9. The summary statement of needs for the Project are as follows;
i.Rock supply for downstream limestone industry General concreting. Housing and building construction. Road construction and drainage work. Pre-cast and ready-mixed concrete. Lime powder industry. Land reclamation. Landscaping.
ii. Utilization of rock resources . Utilization of abundant limestone resource within strategic area and approved land leases. The resources are commendable to supply the quarry product to the downstream industries.
iii. Meet local district plan Project site is congruent to Planning Block 1 (BP1)-Sungai Raia, Rancangan Tempatan Daerah Kinta (RTDK) 2002-2015. Current land use and future land use is gazetted for industrial category. As such, the activities were strategized according to development plan.
10. Under No Project Option, the available limestone reserve cannot be materialised to meet the demand and the area shall be remained under present environment. It shall be loss of opportunity to extract and market the resources and other economic benefits. On the same time, there will be no potential revenue to state government. For the landowner, it become total loss as the land leases already belongs to them for quarrying purpose. While for the Project Proponent, it became a loss of business opportunity.
11. For other options which may required change of the land lease status, the alternatives development for the area shall include the following;
i. Carry out dimension stone quarry that can produce marbles for local and overseas market, where it more environmental friendly operation. ii. Maintain majority part of southern area due to quite enclose environment for tourism values based on natural formation value of limestone hills.
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iii. Leaving the area as existing environment as part of preservation on environment for biodiversity and as buffer for other existing quarries especially for visual values and from pollution impacts.
12. As the immediate surrounding environment is occupied by operating quarries and downstream lime industries together with proper mitigation measures form well controlled from harming the surrounding environment, the Project shall be the best option to be carried out.
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CHAPTER 2 – PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS
1. The quarry land is located on lots 17725, 202100, 202101 and 301573, Mukim Sungai Raia, Kinta District, Perak Darul Ridzuan. Topographical grid references of the area is approximately at latitude N040 31' 37.32”-N040 31' 55.56” and longitude E1010 08' 28.05- E1010 08' 39.45. Details of the land titles are shown in the following table.
Area Lease Lease Lots No. Title Land Use (Hectares) Period Expiry Date Lot 177251 5.0710 Industry (Quarry) 30 years 04.04.2023 Lot 202100 0.3642 Industry (Brick Factory) 60 years 27.12.2052 Lot 202101 1.0954 Industry (Brick Factory) 60 years 27.12.2052 Lot 301573 1.3880 Industry (Quarry) 30 years 25.08.2030 Total 7.9196
2. The lands for quarry operation cover a total area of 7.9196 hectares (19.618 acres). The area estimated for rock extraction, sedimentation pond, overburden dumping, crushing plant operation and part of buffer zone area is about 5.071 hectares located on lot 177251. For lot 301573, it will be used for stockpiles, drainage, site office and other quarry facilities. The remaining two lots will be maintained as buffer zone without any quarry development being carried out. The proposed land utilization of the area is shown in the following table.
Area Lot Proposed Land Use (Hectares) Extraction area, rock breaking, sedimentation pond, 177251 5.071 dumping area, crushing plant, drainage and buffer zone 202100 0.3642 No quarry development (buffer zone) 202101 1.0954 No quarry development (buffer zone) Site office, stockpiles, sedimentation pond, workshop, 301573 1.388 weighbridge and other quarry facilities
3. The Project site can be reached by the nearest trunk road at Km 2 of Simpang Pulai – Cameron Highland road (A181). From that road, the site can be reached via common 500 meter unpaved road utilised by nearby existing operated quarry and industry.
4. The Project shall involve multi-stage activities basically consist of land clearing, overburden removal, blasting, hauling, rock extraction, crushing operation, stockpiling and sales. The operation will be carried out by a proper method in order to minimise impacts to surrounding areas.
5. Phasing concept will not involve during project development stage due minimal coverage extraction area.
6. The estimated total volume of the rock reserve until 80 meter datum level is 4.175 million tons. Based on recovery factor of 70% due to deduction of slope left along adjacent reserve, buffer zone and overburden, the estimated amount of extractable reserve is about 2.922 million tons.
7. With planned production capacity of 15,000 tons per month, the expected operational life of the reserve is about 18.9 years.
8. The estimated average thickness and volume of overburden is quite low which about 4 meter which give a total volume of 120,000 m3. The stripping ratio of overburden to extractable reserve shall be about 1:24 which good for limestone deposit.
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9. The Project operation is 8-10 hours daily and 6 days per week including maintenance period.
10. The production rate for the Project is scheduled at about 15,000 tons per month and is also depend on the market demand.
11. The products from extraction area are mainly blasted rocks while the aggregates shall be produced from the crushing operation. Armour rocks will be produced by selecting suitable size boulders from blast stockpiles.
12. Installation of quarry facilities involved in early stage for site office, storage facilities, guardhouse, workshop, schedule wastes storage, weighbridge, sale cabin, stockpiles, sedimentation pond and diesel tank will be installed on lot 301573. Sedimentation pond for extraction area and 100 tons/hr capacity of crushing plant will be located on lot 177251.
13. Equipments and machineries shall be employed which include drilling and blasting equipment, excavation and loading equipment and haulage equipment. Additional equipment will be added when the need is arise.
14. The procurement of utilities for the Project shall include water supply, electricity supply, sewerage management, solid waste management and telecommunication services. Most of the utilities may be made available when the operation starts.
15. The Project will generate employment opportunities to various categories of worker. There are about 10 workers during development phase. For operation phase, it was estimated 15-20 workers will be employed. The number of employees may be increased upon required.
16. The main stages of the Project implementation are the investigation stage, development stage, operation stage and abandonment stage. Typical operation activities for each stage are as summarized in the following table.
Stage Activity 1. Investigation Site investigation. EIA report. 2. Development Site clearing. Improvement of access road. Preparation of working platform. Construction of haulage road. Construction of drainage system. Construction of sedimentation pond. Overburden removal and dumping. Installation of quarry facilities. Managing wastes at the Project site. 3. Operation Drilling operation. Blasting operation. Rock excavation operation. Haulage operation. Rock breaking operation. Crushing operation. Stockpiling. Sales. Haulage road maintenance. Access road maintenance. Sedimentation pond maintenance. Managing wastes at the Project site. 4. Abandonment Progressive rehabilitation. Final rehabilitation and reclamation.
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17. Investigation stage only involves planning and preparation of EIA report.
18. Major activities during the development stage will involve site clearing, overburden removal, preparation of haulage road and platform, construction of drainage system, sedimentation pond and wastes management.
19. Major activities during the operation stage will involve drilling, blasting, excavation, crushing, hauling, rock breaking, stockpiling and sales operation. Other maintenance works will also be carried out together with managing of wastes on the Project site.
20. The proposed quarry scheme plan to be implemented basically consists of working benches, stockpile areas, sedimentation pond, overburden dumping area and other infrastructures necessary for the Project operation.
21. Before extraction work take place, development works will start for preparation of extraction period. Extraction works will be operated by utilizing progressive planning of reserve extraction.
22. Blasting works for the purpose of development blasting will be used shallow horizontal holes blasting method. Horizontal and vertical holes blasting methods using delay pattern utilizing nonel and electric initiation systems blast design will be used in primary blasting when the quarry face already available. Controlled blasting using delay system will be practiced to minimize the impacts of blasting to surrounding areas.
23. As the Project site not far from explosives suppliers, there is no magazine on site. The handling, transportation and management of the explosives in the Project shall be under the responsibility of registered shotfirers.
24. External and internal transportations are by means of tipper and transporter lorry with capacity of about 10 tons per trip. This means about 58 trips is required daily based on the Project production rate.
25. Maintenance works for the Project components shall be done and any waste materials generated will be properly handled according to the requirement.
26. Abandonment stage will involve site clearing from any structures and waste materials generated from the operation. Rehabilitation works will be progressively done on the completed areas during the operation. Finally, proposed reclamation may take place by backfilling on certain areas depend on future land use.
27. Generally, the implementation schedule of the whole Project until end of operational life including abandonment stage shall take about 18.9 years period.
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CHAPTER 3 – DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT
1. Topographical feature of extraction area on lot 177251 is located in limestone hill area as northeast part of Gunung Lanno formation. It is generally consisting of undulated sloping limestone hill with elevation ranging from 60 meter to 200 meter above mean sea level (MSL). The contour relatively decline from north to south direction with limestone wall on majority part of the boundaries except on east and part of north sections which is continued with attached hill formation. The other lots are totally under flat land formation.
2. The regional geological setting of the Project site is limestone bedrock and pinnacle of limestone hills. The limestone bedrock stretches eastwards from Ipoh City across Gunung Datuk to hilly terrain of Gunung Lampas and headwaters of Sgi Raia / Sg Anak Ayer China. The area also covers southwards region past the Simpang Pulai area and Gunung Lanno down to Gopeng area. The rock type found is mostly limestone/marble with very subordinate amount of schist and phyllite. These rocks belong to one of two lithostratigraphic units of the Kinta Limestone. The Project site is located at north part of Gunung Lanno and its surrounding area, which is made up entirely of the crystalline limestone/marble component of the Kinta Limestone.
3. The primary soils within and around the Project site is from the Steepland category on hill part and Holyrood-Lunas soils category on flat land.
4. The Project area experiences hot-humid equatorial type of climate, which is characterized by warm and humid weather around the year. Based on Malaysian Meteorological Service data at Ipoh station located at latitude N 040 34', longitude E 1010 06' at elevation 40.1 meter above mean sea level, summary of the weather particulars are as follows;
Weather Particular Mean Annual Remark Rainfall (1982-2011) 1,806.5 mm Rain days (1982-2011) 202 days Temperature (1982-2011) 27.20C Relative humidity (1982-2011) 81.7% Wind speed range (1982-2011) 5.5-7.9 m/s Majority from northeast direction Calm weather (1982-2011) 17.3%
5. The Project site is located within water catchment area of Perak state water supply since there are water intakes at further downstream of the Project area. The nearest water intake is at Sg. Terap, Ipoh which is about 12.0 km to south of the Project site.
6. For extraction area which is located on lot 177251, the runoff from Project site will flow to west direction through earth drain beside the rubber plantation area before reach Sg. Raia located about 100 m southwest of the Project area.
7. Runoff from stockpile and quarry facilities area will flow to north direction on floor of adjacent quarry before of enter existing pond on within the lot 301573 where stockpiles and quarry facilities is located. The discharged is through earth drain to another pond at northwest toe of the limestone hill located beside the access road before discharge to earth drain crossing vegetables farm and finally flow to Sg. Raia.
8. Sg. Raia will connect to Sg. Terap. From Sg. Terap, the water will flow to Sg. Kinta and eventually Sg. Perak and finally to the sea (Malacca Straits).
9. Baseline water quality was analyzed from five sampling stations. The samples were taken at upstream (W1) and downstream (W2) of earth drain on nearby south of Project site and at upstream (W3) and downstream (W4) of Sg. Raia. W5 was taken at earth drain on northwest of the Project site. The analysed results are compared to National Water Quality Standard (NWQS). Only BOD (10 mg/l) from sample W5 exceeded the limit. The results of parameter levels are as follows;
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Water Samples No. NWQS Parameters Unit W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 III Normal Temperature 0C 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.8 28.0 +2C pH 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.04 5.0–9.0 Turbidity NTU 21 48 44 50 2.2 - DO mg/L 7.6 8.0 7.1 5.9 6.63 3–5 BOD mg/L ND<2 ND<2 ND<2 ND<2 10 6 AN mg/L ND<1 ND<1 ND<1 ND<1 <0.07 0.9 COD mg/L 4 ND<1 4 ND<1 16 50 TSS mg/L 36 53 25 30 15 150 Oil & Grease mg/L ND<5 ND<5 6 ND<5 1 - Total Coliforms CFU/100ml 70 17 5 33 - 50,000 Fecal Coliforms CFU/100ml 2 5 ND<1 8 - 5,000-20,000
10. Based on Water Quality Index, water quality of all samples in the range of 7.27-74.4 falls under Class III which is considered moderately polluted.
11. The baseline Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) of ambient air quality conducted for four monitoring points is complied with the limit. The details such as follows;
Monitoring Latitude TSP MRAQG Location Date Station Longitude (µg/m3) (µg/m3) N0431‟354.50” Within Project site 26 Jan A1 63.3 E 1018‟ 33.51” (south) 2013 N 0431‟ 51.83” Within Project site 26 Jan A2 72.9 E 1018‟26.73” (north) 2013 260 N 0431‟ 55.51” Residential area of Kg. 26 Jan A3 55.7 E 1018‟17.02” Tanjong (northwest) 2013 N 0432‟ 4.79” Residential area of Kg. 26 Jan A4 56.3 E1018‟32.72” Tanjong (north) 2013
12. The baseline day time and night time ambient noise levels measured for the Project within the site is complied to the limits. On the residential areas it was exceeded the limits due to nearby operating quarry during daytime and night time may be due insect from the vegetated and bushes areas. The details such as follows;
Noise Level Latitude Permissible Station Location Date (Leq)(dBA) Longitude Limits (dBA) Day Night Within Project site N 0431‟35.92” 26 Jan Daytime = 70 N1 50.7 52.2 (south) E 1018‟32.09” 2013 Night time= 60 Within Project site N 0431‟51.83” 26 Jan Daytime = 70 N2 57.7 57.2 (north) E 1018‟26.73” 2013 Night time= 60 Residential area of N 0431‟55.51” 26 Jan Daytime = 55 N3 Kg. Tanjong 59.8 60.9 E 1018‟17.02” 2013 Night time= 45 (northwest) Residential area of N 0432‟ 4.79” 26 Jan Daytime = 55 N4 65.3 64.9 Kg. Tanjong (north) E1018‟32.72” 2013 Night time= 45
13. The main access route to the Project site is via existing Simpang Pulai –Cameron Highland road (A181). Since there is no annual study on traffic volume by Highway Planning Unit on the road, data from the nearest station AR303 (Route 1) located at Km 5.6 of Ipoh – Gopeng Road shall be used for this EIA study. HPU census indicates traffic fluctuation over
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the past 10 years (2002-2011) show average increase of 4.47% traffic growth rate. Majority of the composition is dominated by cars and taxis. Latest traffic volume and traffic growth of the nearest HPU station is shown below;
Traffic Volume Year Station AR 303 2002 57,666 2003 56,044 2004 57,852 2005 58,955 2006 62,597 2007 64,866 2008 71,205 2009 79,513 2010 84,315 2011 73,487 Average Normal Growth 4.47
14. Natural biological resources on the Project site and some parts of its immediate surrounding areas especially on limestone hills are still preserved as its natural environment. The remaining surrounding vicinity of the area has been developed by on- going quarry operation and other limestone industry.
15. In general, the Project area still contains wildlife due to no other development has encroached into the area but the species is considered not an endangered species such as small reptiles and birds.
16. The main population accounted for Mukim Sungai Raia based on Population and Housing Centres of Malaysia for year 2010, the main population is about 60.1% is Malays, Chinese (23.9%), Indians (5.8%) and the remaining are other races and foreigner. Kg. Tanjong, the nearest settlement area is provided with infrastructures and utilities. Their main socio- economic activities are related to public and private sectors and also self employed.
17. The Project area is currently zoned for quarry development project. The nearest residential areas to the Project site are located about 200 meter northwest and 500 meter north on the opposite site of the trunk road, both as part of Kg. Tanjong. The immediate sensitive receivers from the Project activities are shown in Figure ES-1.
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Figure ES-1
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CHAPTER 4 – ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES
IMPACTS
1. In general, the potential environmental impacts from the Project can be categorized into the following stages of development:
Investigation stage Development stage Operation stage Abandonment stage
Investigation Stage
2. The investigation stage shall involve field reconnaissance, sampling and monitoring for the EIA study. Thus, no significant adverse impact has been identified.
Development Stage
3. Development stage shall involve several main activities, which may have potential impacts on environment. These activities are as follows:
Site clearing. Improvement of access road. Preparation of working platform. Construction of haulage road. Construction of drainage system. Construction of sedimentation pond. Overburden removal and dumping. Installation of quarry facilities. Managing wastes at the Project site
4. Potential significant impacts likely arose from the activities are soil erosion and sediment pollution, loss of topsoil and flora and also aesthetic degradation. Other than that, there are also impacts on noise pollution, air pollution, generation of wastes, blasting impacts and hydrological changes may also occur.
5. Soil erosion and sedimentation will occur during activities related to earthworks, but the impacts to downstream areas shall be minimized since the activities will be done on staging manner.
6. Water quality problem may occur if source of sedimentation is not controlled and proper drainage system and sedimentation ponds are not maintained. Runoff from working areas shall be accumulated in sedimentation ponds before discharge being made.
7. Since overburden amount on the Project site is quite limited, impact associated with overburden handling and sedimentation can be reduced if proper mitigation measures are done.
8. Hydrological changes will occur in term of increase of runoff which due to clearing of vegetation and earthwork activities.
9. Aesthetic and visual intrusion can be significant impact on part of higher level as natural green layout is minimized and substituted by extended exposed earth and rock face if compare to previous environment. This impact is unavoidable since some part of working areas are on high elevation hill slope.
10. Socio-economic impacts are considered as positive impacts in terms of employment and business opportunities.
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Operation Stage
11. Activities during the Project operation stage may have potentially contributed some level of impacts to the environment since this stage will be prolonged for the entire of Project life. The activities involve such as follows;
Drilling operation. Blasting operation. Rock excavation operation. Haulage operation. Rock breaking operation. Crushing Operation. Stockpiling. Sales. Haulage road maintenance. Access road maintenance. Sedimentation pond maintenance. Managing wastes at the Project site.
12. Among the significant adverse impacts during operation stage are soil erosion and sediment pollution, noise pollution, air pollution, blasting impacts, loss of flora and fauna and also aesthetic degradation. Other than that, there are also impacts on slope stability, traffic and transportation, generation of wastes and safety aspects may also occur.
13. Soil erosion problem will occur from expose areas and stockpiles areas. The impacts may affect the Project site and also the downstream areas. Impact of soil erosion in different condition is summarized such as below:
Stage Soil Erosion Estimation Before development (existing condition) 6.98 tons/ha/yr Operation (Without Mitigation Measures) 418.9/ha/yr Operation (With Mitigation Measures) 46.5 tons/ha/yr
14. As a result of soil erosion, sedimentation shall be occurred which further may have impact toward surface and groundwater system.
15. Based on estimated concentration of sediment content discharge and concentration of discharge from sedimentation ponds for site facilities and extraction area under unmitigated measures and when mitigation measures being taken, the unmitigated measures amount above the Standard A (50 mg/l) requirement which can cause impact to the water system. Upon measures taken, the concentration of discharge is complied with the permissible limit requirement. Summary of the estimation is shown in the following table.
Catchment Parameters Site Facilities Extraction Disturbed Area (ha) 1.388 3.0 E (Without Mitigation) (t/ha/yr) 418.90 Discharge From Retention (t/yr) 5.8 28.3 Conc. of Discharge (mg/l) 52.8 256.7 E (With Mitigation) (t/ha/yr) 46.50 Discharge From Retention (t/yr) 0.6 3.1 Conc. of Discharge (mg/l) 5.9 28.5
16. Slope stability may have impact during the operation especially for temporary benches left after blasting operation. For the final rock slope left without any proper slope stabilization action being taken, the impact more related for the post land use for the Project site.
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17. Rock blasting operation is one of the main activities during operation stage and therefore, vibration and air blast is common impacts that arise. With implementation of modern blasting technique, the impacts from this operation will be reduced creating safer and environmental friendly operation. Estimated levels of impact on the nearest interests based on the proposed blast designs is as follows;
Blasting Impacts Sensitive Location Particulars Distance Vibration Airblast (Worst Case Scenario) (mm/s) dB(L) Development Blasting Primary Blasting (Distance 85-150 m from adjacent interests) K =1140 85 3.11 123.9 S. R. Marble Sdn. Bhd. plant B = 1.6 300 0.41 110.8 Kg. Tanjong (northwest) Q = 4.511 kg 400 0.26 107.8 Simpang Pulai-Cameron Highland road Electric 500 0.18 105.5 Kg. Tanjong (north) (Horizontal) 600 0.14 103.6 PLUS 900 0.07 99.3 Bomba station Simpang Pulai town, temples, Ipoh - 1000 0.06 98.26 Gopeng road Primary Blasting (Distance >150 m from adjacent interests) K =1140 150 4.68 123.7 S. R. Marble Sdn. Bhd. plant B = 1.6 300 1.54 116.5 Kg. Tanjong (northwest) Q = 23.393kg 400 0.97 113.5 Simpang Pulai-Cameron Highland road Electric Nonel 500 0.68 111.2 Kg. Tanjong (north) (Vertical) 600 0.51 109.3 PLUS 900 0.27 105.1 Bomba station Simpang Pulai town, temples, Ipoh - 1000 0.22 104.0 Gopeng road Note: Distance measured from extraction areas.
18. Explosives and all their accessories are safe to handle when they are properly treated. As long it is properly be handled by the appointed registered shotfirer where any work related to explosives usage shall be under their supervision, the impact shall be well controlled.
19. Air pollution in form of gaseous emissions generated by the machinery is considered as insignificant to environment due limited number of machinery. The impact more relevant to the machinery operator.
20. Air pollution under particulate emissions may become an issue, but it is still considered as minor adverse impact if sources of pollution are controlled and mitigation measures area done. Based on air dispersion modelling results, the impact shall be insignificant and localized within the operation site if control measures are properly implemented. Detail of the results such as follows;
Incremental Ambient Air Sensitive Existing 24-hour Annual 24-hour Annual Receptor Baseline average Average Average Average 1. A1, Project site (south) 63.3 13.5 0.8 76.8 64.1 2. A2, Project site (north) 72.9 81.3 7.1 154.2 80.0 3. A3, Kg. Tanjong (northwest) 55.7 4.9 0.2 60.6 55.9 4. A4, Kg. Tanjong (north) 56.3 89.2 18.6 145.5 74.9 Ambient air guideline 260 90
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21. For noise pollution, it is still considered as adverse impact. The noise generated by machinery and vehicles can be high, but the impact is localized. Based on the estimated noise level at Kg. Tanjong, the result is low and below the daytime permissible limit.
Nearest Interests Estimated Noise Level (dBA) 1. Kg. Tanjong (northwest) 30.5 2. Kg. Tanjong (north) 40.0
22. Impacts of domestic wastes from the Project are considered minor since the amount is limited and can easily be managed. Vegetation wastes shall be decomposed at the Project area. Hazardous wastes shall be properly stored and disposed according to DOE guidelines.
23. Sewerage facilities will be installed at administration of the Project Site. Provision of proper managed of available sanitary facilities for workforce is necessary to ensure that associated impacts are negligible.
24. Traffic impacts on public road are minimal since the contribution is minor if compared to existing traffic volume. The estimated daily trip generated by the Project for transportation of quarry products is about 58 trips per day equivalent to additional 18 pcu generated which constitutes a small percentage of the road capacity. Thus, the impact is insignificant.
25. Impacts to flora, fauna and habitat shall occur since quarry operation will require total clearing of working area. Staging development will allow some faunas to migrate to the surrounding areas.
26. Safety and health impacts are a manageable impact if proper safety and health procedures implemented during the operation.
27. Socio-economic impacts are considered as major positive impacts during this stage due employment and business opportunities. On the same time, the Project operation shall also generate income to state government, Project Proponent and workers.
28. Aesthetic and visual intrusion of the extraction area is an avoidable for working areas at higher elevation area from the limestone wall preserved as the buffer zone area. With progressive rehabilitation, the visual degradation can be controlled once some of the working areas are completed.
Abandonment Stage
29. Environmentally, reclamation and rehabilitation are perhaps the most important activities for abandonment stage. The impacts is minor and at temporary basis during the works done.
30. If the quarry-out area is simply abandoned without any rehabilitation, probably significant impacts such as aesthetic, soil erosion and sediment pollution may occur.
31. Positive impact will occur and enhance better environment when rehabilitation plan is implemented. Thus, it is emphasized that rehabilitation programme is essential for the Project and shall be progressively done during the operation stage.
MITIGATION MEASURES
1. In general, the summarization of mitigation measures for the potential environmental impacts from the Project can be categorized into the following matters;
Soil erosion, sedimentation and loss of topsoil. Stripping of overburden materials. Removal of overburden materials. Water pollution and degradation of water quality.
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Changes to surface water and groundwater. Slope stability. Vibration and airblast from blasting operation. Air pollution due to generation and dispersion of dust. Noise pollution. Wastes disposal. Loss of flora, fauna and habitats. Traffic and transportation. Employment or business opportunities. Socio economic development. Aesthetic, rehabilitation and abandonment.
2. Mitigation measures to minimize soil erosion and sedimentation.
Staging clearing and maintaining of existing vegetation on undeveloped area and buffer zone area. Vegetating exposed areas that not affected with extraction activities. Benching and terracing of slope with drains. Compaction of fill up areas. Timing of clearing activities to avoid extremely „wet‟ season. Utilization of sedimentation ponds with continuous maintenance. Installation and maintenance of suitable drainage system. Water quality monitoring at point of discharges. Implementation of Best Management Practices.
3. Mitigation measures to control of overburden materials.
Progressive overburden removal using staging system shall minimise the amount of overburden remove and problem regarding dumping mound. Overburden removed shall be utilised for site levelling. Overburden dumping mound depleted by progressive rehabilitation, road maintenance and sold to outsiders. The mound shall be in tidy outline, compacted, drained and graded for slope stability.
4. Mitigation measures to control quality of surface water and groundwater.
Staging concept shall be implemented to minimize area open at one time. Redirect storm water around working area using drains, collection and diversion ditches. Cease operation during period of high rainfall. Completed working area shall be rehabilitated as filter area. Implementation mitigation measures taken for soil erosion and sedimentation. Provide wastewater treatment system such as sedimentation pond. Maintenance of drainage system shall be regularly carried out. Buffer zone with natural vegetation to be retained. Wastes and scheduled wastes shall be collected and treated to prevent water clogging and impact on quality of water. Monitoring of water quality shall be carried out to monitor water quality.
5. Mitigation measures for slope stability.
Bench shall have suitable height, width and terraced. Slope shall be adequately drained to allow water flow to avoid hydrostatic force to slope materials. Control blast design to minimize impact of vibration to nearby slope. Hanging wall shall be removed. Regular slope inspection and maintenance shall regularly be done. Final slope protection measures shall be done as part of rehabilitation programme.
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6. Mitigation measures to control airblast, vibration and flyrock from blasting operation.
Utilization environmental friendly blast design. Initiation system using delay detonator system. Direction of rock motion blasting operation away from adjacent interests. Buffer zone between rock excavation activities with adjacent interests by preservation of rock reserve creating rock wall from adjacent interests. Competent personnel handling blasting operation which is the shotfirer shall have experience in blasting operation at sensitive areas. Implementing safety practices in during blasting operation. This is mainly the procedures and measures taken before, during and after blasting operation. Conduct blast monitoring to provide feedback for future blast designs.
7. Mitigation measures in handling of explosives.
Avoid exposing explosive materials to shock, heat or friction. Transportation using appropriate cases. Only recognised explosive accessories shall be used in blasting work. All explosives shall be guarded and recorded it usage on site. Any loss of explosives shall immediately report to police station.
8. Mitigation measures to minimize air pollution.
Spraying of exposed soil and haulage road with water. Vehicle speed restriction. Lorry load provided with secure covers. Tyre cleaning facilities prior exit point to paved road. A good standard of housekeeping shall be maintained. Workers provided with suitable safety apparels and wearing shall be made mandatory. Complaints, investigations and corrective actions for any complaints. Monitoring of ambient air quality at Project site and nearby settlement areas. Dust emission from crushing plant can be controlled by the following techniques; Crushing plant shall be partly enclosed at point of dust emission and belt conveyor shall be covered. Discharge point not be too high from ground and may use appropriate chute. Water nozzles system to be installed at dust emission points.
9. Mitigation measures to minimize noise pollution.
Low noise equipment shall be used in the operation. Transportation and machinery that may be intermittent shall be throttled to minimum. Silencers or mufflers on equipment. Workers provided with suitable safety apparels and wearing shall be made mandatory. Complaints, investigations and corrective actions for any complaints. Monitoring of ambient noise quality at Project site and nearby settlement areas.
10. Mitigation measures to control solid and hazardous wastes.
Cut Vegetation Vegetation and other organic materials disposed by composting within Project site. Open burning shall be prohibited.
General Refuse On-site storage using enclosed bins. The amount is expected to be minimal. Any extra dumping will utilise local dump site at Batu 3 Jalan Tg. Tualang, Batu Gajah.
Non-Hazardous Wastes Management Waste management plan shall be prepared detailing waste types, minimizing, storing, transporting and disposing of wastes. Recovery and recycling shall take place wherever possible.
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Hazardous Wastes Must be stored, transported, treated and disposed in accordance to the Environmental Quality (Scheduled Wastes) Regulations, 2005. Provision of weather shelter over the storage area with appropriate bund. Keep in proper containers, labelled appropriately and stored properly. Installation of signboard. . Material Safety Data Sheets shall be maintained. Major spill shall be informed to relevant authorities and Proponent shall bear clean-up and restoration cost.
11. Mitigation measures to control fuel oil storage.
Fuel tanks and storage areas shall be sited on enclosed bund capable containing 110% of the largest tank. Run-offs from the bund routed through oil trap prior to discharge to external drain. Regardless of their size or contents all fuel containers shall be handled with care. Transportation and storage shall be in properly constructed containers of an approved design.
12. Mitigation measures to control sewerage materials.
Discharge quality of effluent and facilities complies with limits under Sewage Effluent Standards, 2009. Workers shall be provided with adequate sanitation facilities. Regular cleaning is required to ensure that toilet is cleaned. At least one toilet for every 15 workers. Wastes shall be stored and managed to minimize contamination to water bodies.
13. Mitigation measures to control traffic and transportation
Road spraying to minimize dust dispersion. Access road to be fully paved 10 meter from the trunk road. Lorry shall undergo tyres cleaning process or water trough before enter public road. Conveying materials shall be covered to prevent spillage. Any spills on paved road shall be cleaned. Permissible tonnage materials must not exceed. Proper maintenance of lorry can reduce vehicular smoke emission. Installation of warning signboard. Keep records of any transportation accident.
14. Mitigation measures to control flora.
Land clearing shall be done in staging manner. Preserving of vegetation shall be practiced on buffer zone areas. Progressive re-vegetation shall be done unutilised areas. Planting quick growth plant way to stabilise soils in back-filled areas.
15. Mitigation measures to control fauna and habitats
The Project is planned with staging development to minimise total destruction of habitats on one time. Undisturbed area shall be remained as its natural environment for fauna migration. Erosion controls will help to prevent impacts on aquatic fauna. Progressive rehabilitation will establish new habitats.
16. Mitigation measures of occupational safety and health
Implementation of safety procedures and appropriate safety management according to Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994. Provided information, instruction, training and supervision as is necessary to guarantee safety and health of workers.
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Safety and emergency response plan shall be developed. First aid equipment and provision of safety apparels with mandatory wearing. Establish public liability scheme. Ensure that site is kept orderly and tidy with good working condition.
17. No mitigation measures for socio economic since it will become beneficial impact. Project operation will give more value added of the rock resource and creating business and employment opportunities. On the same time, revenue to state government shall enhance the development of the state.
18. Mitigation measures for aesthetic and visual intrusion.
Basic implementation on progressive rehabilitation works during Project operation. Staging the operation will limit the area expose. A few alternative concepts though innovation, concealment of impact and restoration will ensure degradation will be minimized.
19. Mitigation measures for rehabilitation.
Progressive rehabilitation works will ensure the area for future land use. Reclamation will include both restoration and aftercare for acceptable environmental condition. Stored overburden can be used for that purpose. Exposed slopes shall be appropriately terraced, topsoiled and re-turfed.
20. Mitigation measures due to abandonment.
Redeployment of workers Removal of structures, progressive rehabilitation and reclamation works prior operation cease. The activities shall be implemented to ensure impact to environment is well controlled.
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CHAPTER 5 – RESIDUAL IMPACTS
1. Even with high care maintenance and adoption of control measures mentioned, the results may not totally achieve due to the nature and efficiency of human made products. Thus, it shall result with some residual adverse impacts and residual beneficial impacts.
2. Residual adverse impacts such as air pollution, noise pollution, water quality degradation, blasting impacts, safety factor and visual intrusion. Residual beneficial impacts arise is more on socio-economic aspects.
3. In order to minimize these potential residual adverse impacts, all the mitigation measures must be implemented as close as possible by the Project Proponent.
4. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) must be established which gives emphasis on the prevention of adverse environmental impacts, rather than resolving problems after they occur. This EMP also deals with all relevant environmental issues in order to achieve effective and long-term compliance in environmental protection.
5. Environmental Compliance Audit Programme shall be implemented. This programme which requires reviewing the Project, judging the prediction and recommendation made compared to actual experiences have the objective to determine whether impacts were accurately predicted and to identify additional significant impacts that are not anticipated and thus warrant corrective measures.
6. Environmental Monitoring Programme involves measuring any residual impacts shall be carried out on the Project site and also at the adjacent interests. This programme is necessary as it identifies existing problems, evaluates effectiveness of the mitigating programme and other regulatory management activities compliance with regulation and criteria. The proposed monitoring programme is listed in the following table. The final monitoring program to be adopted will be finalized by the Department of Environment.
Monitoring Report Impact Parameters Frequency Frequency Water quality Temperature, pH, BOD, COD, TSS, DO and O&G. At least every 3 Ambient air quality Total suspended months particulate Every 3 months Ambient noise quality Equivalent noise level Blasting Vibration and airblast Major blast
7. As for safety and emergency response procedures, the Project Proponent shall established a dedicated policy to progressively introduce better and safer working conditions. This include application of safety and emergency response procedures, training programme for personnel on safety and emergency response measures, practice of reporting any abnormal incidence, spill and emission control plans and implementation of contingency plans and emergency response.
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CHAPTER 6 – CONCLUSIONS
1. Based on available limestone reserve on the Project area, compatibility with surrounding land use and potential products demand, it have foreseen that the Project is feasible to carry out to contribute better value added product to the relevant limestone industry.
2. Even certain degree of impacts may potentially occurred, the Project operation can be done with minimal and controllable impacts to environment if proper mitigation measures are implemented. Generally the summary of favourable results from this Project is as follows;
Development of quarry lands for more value added of resource in term of profitable activities. Utilization of limestone reserve with strategic locality. Employment and business opportunities for Project Proponent, contractors and local peoples. Generate income to state government in term of royalty and taxation during the operation. Contribution to development of quarry industry.
3. Based on the study assessment, it also shown with proper mitigation measures undertaken, the Project will not pose any significant long-term residual impacts on environment and population in vicinity the Project area. Rehabilitation programme of quarried out area shall be part of long-term plan for the Project.
4. Based on Proponent compliance to commission an EIA study and given the favourable outcomes of environmental assessment undertaken in this study, it is therefore recommended that the Project shall be granted a full approval by the Department of Environment and other authority concerned in order for the Project to start the operation.
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