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Home , Destino, Philippe Halsman, Portlligat, Rainy Taxi, The Face of War, Un Chien Andalou

Dalí. All of the poetic suggestions and all of the plastic possibilities 27 April - 2 September 2013 Dalí. All of the poetic suggestions and all of the plastic possibilities 27 April - 2 September 2013

1. From the multiplying glass to putrefaction – 2. Self-portraits 5. The Angelus 9. The secret life The exhibition begins with some of the painter’s earliest works, whose The paranoiac-critical method of interpretation, a conjunction of thought In the course of 1941 and 1942, Salvador Dalí wrote and illustrated his predominant elements are those which marked his childhood, such as his and image, is taken by the painter to its fullest expression in his interpre- autobiography, The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí, a magnificent piece of family and his natural surroundings at that time. Here too are some of his tation of Jean-François Millet’s The Angelus (1857-59). The artist’s obses- writing that is often regarded by critics as his best. A tale full of truths, self-portraits, which show us Dalí’s vision, or visions, of himself. The fam- sion with this painting makes it the protagonist not only of the pictures half-truths and also “falsehoods”, this is a key narrative for a better ily, the landscape and the self are the determining co-ordinates of the art- and objects he produced from 1929 to 1935, but also of various theatrical understanding of the work and the personality that Dalí was then con- ist’s period of apprenticeship, when his interests are centered principally projects that never came to fruition: “Of all the pictures that have ever structing. The situations and described or narrated concepts of The on color, light, and constant experimentation. existed, Millet’s Angelus ‘suddenly’ becomes for me the most perturbing, Secret Life are superbly reinforced, and sometimes exemplified, by the the most enigmatic, the densest, and the richest in unconscious thoughts,” drawings which illustrate them, elements in an effective creative sym- Dalí wrote in 1932. A year later, in June 1933, he penned an article for the biosis between Dalí the draftsman and Dalí the man of letters. Here the 3. Honey is sweeter than blood journal Minotaure which would eventually form the prologue of his book drawing serves the artist not as a mere illustration but as an indispens- His arrival in late 1922 at the Residencia de Estudiantes in Madrid, where The Tragic Myth of Millet’s Angelus, not published until 1963. In Dalí’s able tool for continuing to narrate his memories, and for showing how he met, among others, Federico García Lorca and Luis Buñuel (with whom interpretation of Millet’s picture, the female figure represents a praying Dalí is approaching the ideals of tradition and the Renaissance through he was to collaborate on the film ), brought him face to mantis who is about to devour the male after mating with him. The male an attitude to life of active investigation and perseverance. Dalí the face with the ‘Generation of ’27’, a group formed by poets, writers, painters figure, just before he is eaten, uses his hat to cover up his sexual organs. draftsman and Dalí the writer form a whole, a cosmogony of the origin and film-makers. Dalí felt an affinity with the avant-gardes at that point, In his obsession, the painter ‘divines’ Millet’s pentimento, a child’s coffin and formation of Dalí’s universe. and he flirted with different early 20th century ‘-isms’ like , lying between the two figures, whose presence was confirmed by X-rays of and , although his gaze was also occasionally drawn to the ‘return the original painting shortly before the book’s publication. to order’. The collective imaginary developed at the Residencia is reflected 10. Scenarios in the numerous drawings of Putrefactos, a series of the mid-1920s. Dalí defined himself as an eminently theatrical artist. This affirmation 6. – 7. after 1936 is manifested not only through his personality but also in his concep- The Temptation of Saint Anthony, 1946. Oil on canvas. 89,5 x 119,5 cm. Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique. After 1936, Dalí and Gala fled from the Spanish Civil War, spending most tion of his own work and its reception. From his cinematic incursions 4. Surrealism of the time in with the exception of occasional trips to the United in collaborations with Luis Buñuel, and The subtitle of this exhibition comes from Salvador Dalí’s San Sebastián Starting with the first influences of Masson, Bataille, Arp, Miró and Picasso, States and Italy. The experiences of those years were not only reflected in to his set designs for theatre and ballet, we see how the mastery and in- (St. Sebastian), a 1927 article that is also an artistic manifesto. The phrase sug- the surrealist period constitutes the nucleus of the exhibition. Special em- his painting but also channeled the painter’s thought toward his Mystical genuity of Dalí the painter placed itself at the service of the entertain- gests a way in which the painter’s work might be approached in a large-scale phasis is laid on the paranoiac-critical method developed by the artist as a Manifesto of 1951. The artist transferred his personal experience to paint- ment industry, a field that lay outside his own. Once again, his creative show such as this. Dalí is omnivorous, and we, the viewers, can follow suit mechanism for the transformation and subversion of reality. Dalí’s theory ings in which the horror and death caused by conflicts are manifested ex- scope expanded to include the writing of film scripts as well as designs thanks to the different possibilities offered by contemplation of his creations. revolutionized surrealism by confronting the movement’s passive automa- plicitly and, for the viewer, disturbingly. Although Dalí never ceased to for sets and costumes, to which Dalí showed an active commitment in tism (automatic drawing, the cadavres exquis…) with a proposal for an ac- experiment in the meantime with the construction of surrealist objects, every case. Although his genius was not always understood by the indus- A singular artist of great painterly expertise, his pictorial and literary oeu- tive method based on the delirium of paranoiac interpretation. In Dalí’s as he had formally announced in 1931, it was not until the 1936 Surrealist try, his various collaborations allowed him to stay in contact with the vre is riddled with obsessive elements that are metaphors for our uncon- words: “In truth I am no more than an automaton that registers, without Exhibition of Objects at the Galerie Charles Ratton in that this new public at large. scious, generating a sometimes disturbing art that speaks directly to the judgment and as exactly as possible, the dictate of my subconscious: my form of surrealist expression became officialized. viewer. Admired and controversial, Dalí defines himself as a thinking ma- dreams, hypnagogic images and visions, and all the concrete and irratio- chine and, at the same time, the mediator and creator of a stereotype and nal manifestations of the dark and sensational world discovered by Freud… 11. The aesthetic enigma of his own myth. Through more than two hundred paintings, sculptures, The public must draw its pleasure from the limitless resources of myster- 8. America From the 1960s to the end of his career, Dalí’s interests continued to ex- drawings and other exhibits presented in a discourse that divides them ies, enigmas and anguishes that such images offer to the viewers’ subcon- The start of the Second World War forced Dalí and Gala into exile in the pand. While his fascination for science and technology translated itself into eleven sections arranged in chronological sequence, this show invites scious.” From that point on, the painter’s work rests on double images or United States, where they lived uninterruptedly from 1940 to 1948. It into the exploration of new languages like stereoscopy and holography, us to reassess Dalí’s place in the history of 20th century art by looking far invisible images whose final completion depends totally upon the will of was in the middle of this decade that he entered his mystical and nuclear his role as an agitator of the masses was strengthened by the happenings beyond his role as artificer of the surrealist movement. the spectator. With his paranoiac-critical method, Dalí invites us into a phase, whose corpus, expounded in his Mystical Manifesto, is character- and performances he conceived for his own protagonism. At the same world of ambiguities where certainties elude us. ized by subjects of a religious nature or connected with the scientific ad- time, he never relinquished the great masters like Velázquez or Michel- The inventor of the paranoiac-critical method also echoes the scientific vances of the period, special interest being shown in progress related to angelo, whom he championed repeatedly. At that moment, Dalí not only discoveries of his time, which constantly impel him to expand the limits nuclear fusion and fission. The atomic bomb and its effects clearly influ- reinterpreted the classics but also reinterpreted himself. In the 1980s, of his experience with relation to space and time. Imaginative, inquisitive ence the creations of this period, in which we discover at the same time the mathematical theories of René Thom gave form to a new universe and prodigal, the artist uses himself as an object of study, notably through the fidelity with which he depicted the concrete mineral landscape of which the painter was thereafter never to abandon. the prism of Freudian psychoanalysis, and lays down the basis for the con- Cadaqués and Cape Creus, a constant reflected from his earliest youth to struction of the character he plays. His actions in the public sphere, wheth- his last works, despite the distance then separating him from both. er calculated or improvised, now reveal him as one of the precursors of showmanship and a key figure in the field of performance. Dalí. All of the poetic suggestions and all of the plastic possibilities 27 April - 2 September 2013 Museo Nacional Opening hours Free entrace: Images 27 April - 2 September 2013 Centro de Arte Monday to Saturday Mondays and from Of Salvador Dalí's work: Reina Sofía and bank holidays from Wensdays to Saturdays © Salvador Dalí, Fundació 10:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. onwards 7:00 p.m. untill Gala-Salvador Dalí, Salvador Dalí i Domènech. Timeline Sabatini Building Fridays from closing time, with the VEGAP, Madrid, 2013 1904 Salvador Felipe Jacinto Dalí is born 1930 L’Âge d’or, his second film collaboration 1940 When the German troops enter Bordeaux, 1965 Opening of the retrospective exhibition Santa Isabel, 52 10:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m. exception of groups. Front image: on May 11 in Figueres (Girona) to with Buñuel, has its premiere at Studio Dalí and Gala leave for the United States, Salvador Dalí 1910-1965 at the Gallery of 28012 Madrid Sundays from Salvador Dalí, 1954. Dalí Salvador Dalí Cusí, a notary, and Felipa 28 in Paris. Published by Éditions where they remain until 1948. in New York. Edificio Nouvel 10:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Sundays from 3:00 p.m. Photo: Domènech Ferrés. Surréalistes, his book La femme visible 1942 His autobiography, The Secret Life of 1968 Participates in the exhibition , Ronda de Atocha untill closing time. © Halsman Archive / All of the poetic (The Visible Woman) compiles texts 1908 Birth of Anna Maria, his only sister. Salvador Dalí, is published in New York Surrealism and Their Heritage at the (with plaza del Closed on Tuesdays. Magnum Photos / Contacto which have previously appeared in by Dial Press. MoMA in New York. Emperador Carlos V) Private visits: Image Rights of Salvador 1916 Discovers . journals like L’âne pourri (The Rotten Tel. (34) 91 774 10 00 Visitors are kindly asked consult through the Dalí reserved. Fundació suggestions and all of 1945 On August 6, the first atomic bomb 1969 Buys Púbol Castle and decorates it for 1922 Attends classes at the Special School of Donkey). Here he lays the foundations falls on Hiroshima. The event marks Gala. to clear the galleries 15 e-mail: visitas.privadas Gala-Salvador Dalí, Painting, Sculpture and Engraving of for his paranoiac-critical method of interpretation. the beginning of the atomic-nuclear www.museoreinasofia.es minutes before closing. @museoreinasofia.es Figueres, 2013. the plastic possibilities the Real Academia de Bellas Artes in 1970 A major retrospective is organized for period of his production, characterized Madrid, and lives at the Residencia de 1931 First one-man exhibition at the Galerie him by the Boijmans van Beuningen by his treatment of subjects related to Estudiantes, where he makes friends Pierre Colle in Paris. Museum in Rotterdam. religion and scientific progress. Moves with Luis Buñuel, Federico García 1932 Takes part in the exhibition Surrealism: to Hollywood to work with Alfred 1971 Inauguration of the Dalí Museum in Lorca, Pedro Garfias, Eugenio Montés, Paintings, Drawings and Photographs Hitchcock on the film Spellbound, for Cleveland, Ohio, which houses the Start of the visit Pepín Bello and others. LEVEL at the Julien Levy Gallery in New York. which he makes the dream sequences. collection of A. Reynolds Morse. 1925 Participates in the first exhibition of the At the end of the year, Dalí informs the On the occasion of the opening at the 1974 The Teatre-Museu Dalí is inaugurated in 1. From the multiplying glass to Society of Iberian Artists in Madrid, and Viscount of Noailles of the formation of Bignou Gallery of the exhibition Recent Figueres on September 28. putrefaction his first solo exhibition is presented at the so-called ‘Zodiac group’, a coterie of Paintings by Salvador Dalí, the first issue Terrace 1979 Admitted as a foreign associate mem- 3 Bar the Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona. friends who gather to help Salvador Dalí of Dalí News is presented. 2. Self-portraits ber to the Académie des Beaux-Arts 1926 Takes part in several exhibitions in financially by regularly commissioning 3. Honey is sweeter than blood 1946 Walt Disney hires Dalí to collaborate on de l’Institut de France. The great Madrid and Barcelona. Travels to Paris, and purchasing works from him. the film . retrospective on Dalí opens at the 4. Surrealism where he meets Picasso and visits the 1933 First one-man exhibition at the Julien 1948 Publishes 50 Secrets of Magic Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. Louvre. Expelled definitively from art Levy Gallery in New York. 5. The Angelus Craftsmanship. In July, Dalí and Gala In the 1980s, he paints what are to be school in Madrid. 6. The face of war 1934 Marries Gala in a civil ceremony. return to Spain. his last works, basically inspired by 1928 Together with Lluís Montanyà Solo exhibition at the Julien Levy Michelangelo and Velázquez. 7. Surrealism after 1936 1951 The Mystical Manifesto is presented in and Sebastià Gasch, publishes the Gallery in New York. Paris. Dalí gives the talk “Picasso and I” 1982 The Salvador Dalí Museum, owned by EXIT 8. America Manifest Groc (Catalan anti-artistic 1936 Appears on the cover of Time magazine, at the Teatro María Guerrero in Madrid. Albert and Eleanor Morse, opens in St. 9. The secret life manifesto), an all-out attack on con- photographed by . Takes part Petersburg, Florida. On June 10, Gala ventional art. 1954 Anthological exhibition at the Palazzo 10. Scenarios in the exhibition Fantastic Art, Dada, dies in . King Juan Carlos I Pallavicini in Rome. The film Histoire 1929 Travels again to Paris, and is introduced Surrealism at the MoMA in New York. grants the artist the title of Marqués de 11. The aesthetic enigma prodigieuse de la Dentellière et du through Joan Miró to the surrealists, a Solo exhibition at the Julien Levy Dalí de Púbol. Salvador Dalí takes up Rhinocéros is co-produced with Robert group led by André Breton. The film Gallery in New York. residence in Púbol Castle. Descharnes. The book Dalí’s Mustache Due to limited capacity the Museum has Un chien andalou, the result of his col- 11 1 1938 The Exposition Internationale du is published in collaboration with the 1983 A major anthological exhibition, 400 laboration with Luis Buñuel, is shown scheduled passes every 30 minutes. Surréalisme, organized by André Breton photographer Philippe Halsman. obras de Salvador Dalí de 1914 a 1983, at the cinema in Last entry is one hour before closing. and Paul Éluard, opens on January 17 is shown in Madrid, Barcelona and Paris. Spends the summer at Cadaqués, 1958 On August 8, Dalí and Gala are married in at the Galerie Beaux-Arts in Paris. Figueres. His last pictorial work dates where he is visited by the gallery owner a Catholic ceremony at the shrine of Els Exhibited at the entrance to the gallery from this period. 10 9 6 5 3 2 Camille Goemans and his partner, René Àngels in Sant Martí Vell, near Girona. is Salvador Dalí’s . Dalí visits 8 7 4 Magritte and his wife, Luis Buñuel, and 1984 Owing to a fire at Púbol Castle, he moves in . 1960 Makes the documentary filmChaos and Paul Éluard and Gala with their daugh- to Torre Galatea, Figueres, where he Creation in collaboration with Philippe ter, Cécile. From then on, Gala remains 1939 Designs the Dream of Venus pavilion for lives until his death. Halsman. forever by his side. Holds his first one- the entertainment area of the New York 1989 Dies in Figueres on January 23, at the age Exhibition organized by the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía with the Centre Pompidou of Paris in collaboration with the Fundació 1964 Awarded the Grand Cross of Isabel Gala-Salvador Dalí de Figueres and The Dalí Museum de Saint Petersburg (Florida). man exhibition at the Galerie Goemans World’s Fair. The deterioration of his of 85. in Paris. This is the year when relations relationship with Breton leads to Dalí’s la Católica, the highest distinction in with his family are broken off. expulsion from the surrealist group. Spain. Journal d’un génie (Diary of a Co-organized with: Special collaboration: Genius) is published by Éditions de La Table Ronde.

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, NIPO: 036-13-007-8 / L.D.: M-12660-2013 / L.D.: NIPO: 036-13-007-8