בס"ד Laws & Customs: Nissan & Pesach For the year 5778 According to Minhag Chabad All times listed are for Melbourne only

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 THIRTY DAYS PRIOR TO PESACH recites the selection from “Zos Chanukas covered in foil. No food should be placed From Purim onward, one should learn and Hamizbeach” until “Ken Assah es on the candlestick tray on Pesach. become fluent in the Halachos of Pesach. Hamenorah”, but without reciting the Yehi Rubbish bins should be thoroughly cleaned. Since an inspiring Pesach is the product of Ratzon. Council bins should also be cleaned; diligent preparation, one should learn One may not fast during Nissan, except a alternatively, before the end time of Biur Maamarim which focus on its inner Chosson and Kallah on their wedding day, Chometz, they should be placed in the dimension. who fast even on Rosh Chodesh Nissan. public domain for the entire Pesach, with Matzah is not eaten. However, until the During the month of Nissan, one recites the the bin and its contents deemed ownerless. end-time for eating Chometz on Erev applicable Brocho when seeing blossoming New toothbrushes should be prepared for Pesach, one may eat Matzah-like crackers fruit-trees for the first time. This Brocho is Pesach. which are really Chometz or egg-Matzah. not recited in the Southern Hemisphere. A Rav should be consulted regarding the One may also eat Matzah balls or foods Haircuts may be taken only until Erev use of vitamins and medicines (taken containing Matzah meal. One may also be Pesach (see further). orally) which may contain Chometz. lenient for children below the age of Chinuch. Pet food must be Chometz-free but may  SHABBOS HAGADOL (8 NISSAN) contain Kitniyos. Cages, enclosures and During these days, Chometz should not be Although the Haftorah of V’arva is not feeding bowls must be thoroughly cleaned. scattered in a manner that would make it recited unless Shabbos coincides with Erev One does not need to clean behind or hard to clean and remove before Pesach, or Pesach, one should nevertheless recite it under heavy furniture rarely moved, as that would allow it go unnoticed before along with the regular Haftorah when long as there are no plans to move it on Pesach. reading Shnayim Mikrah v’Echad Targum. Pesach itself. [Even if one knows for certain One should give Maos Chittim and provide One attends a Shabbos Hagadol Drosho that there is Chometz there, one may all the Pesach needs (including food and about the practical Halachos of Pesach. include it in the Mechiras Chometz.] clothing) of the poor. [For Melbourne, please donate at mjcf.com.au.] After Mincha, the Haggadah is read from “Avadim Hayinu” until “L’chaper Al Kol  KASHERING One should participate in Mivtza Matzah, Avoinoseinu”. It is customary to avoid Kashering utensils ensuring that every Jew has round hand- On Motzei Shabbos, Vihi Noam and V’atah where possible, and to instead use utensils made Shmurah-Matzah for Pesach (or at designated exclusively for Pesach. [If least for the Seder) and attends a Seder. Kaddosh is recited. Kashering is performed, it should be done Suitable arrangements should be made for under the guidance of one who is well  Jewish servicemen, as well those in CLEANING AWAY THE CHOMETZ versed in the relevant Halachos.] hospitals, aged-care facilities or jail. It is improper to complain about the work and effort required in preparing for Pesach. Dishwashers, regular ovens, continuous- Before Pesach, all children should be given cleaning ovens, toaster ovens, microwave the opportunity to attend a model-Seder. One should remember to clean or discard ovens, grills and BBQs are not Kashered and [It should be conducted in a manner that any Chometz found in the “less obvious” used for Pesach. Self-cleaning ovens which will not conflict with the respective family locations such as vacuum cleaners, brooms, reach approximately 480°C/900°F may be Minhagim of the children in attendance.] mops, floor ducts, kitchen walls, car Kashered by running it through a full clean Every Jew should be encouraged to sell his interiors (including rented cars), car-seats, cycle; the oven door and seals should be Chometz, even if there is concern that he baby carriages, highchairs (the tray should cleaned well beforehand. also be lined), briefcases, pocketbooks, will consume it on Pesach. [Obviously, such For gas cooktops, the grates are Kashered a person should be educated not to use it.] phones, mobile devices, computer keyboards and other devices commonly through Libbun Gommur (heating the Those with travel plans should ensure that handled when eating. grates until they glow red-hot in the dark). they will be able to observe Pesach The burners, drip-trays and cooktop properly without relaxing any standards. Items regularly used around Chometz (e.g. surface beneath the grates are Kashered by One should avoid the International cookbooks, Bentchers, Siddurim and cleaning them thoroughly, after which Dateline on the return journey so as not to Kvorts) must be stored with the Chometz Libbun Kal (heating the metal until the impact one’s Sefiras Haomer. [Alert: Polar that is sold for Pesach. Seforim and toys other side is hot enough to scorch paper) is flight routes can be equally, if not more, should be cleaned well or included in performed. One way to achieve all of this is problematic. Guidance should be sought Mechiras Chometz. Some play items such by turning all the burners on the highest, from a Rav familiar with these matters.] as plasticine may contain Chometz and and covering the entire cooktop with a must be included in Mechiras Chometz. Blech until the grates glow red-hot, by  MONTH OF NISSAN Tablecloths or napkins should not be used which time the other components of the Tachnun is not recited the entire month. if they were starched with a substance that cooktop will have reached the heat of Similarly, Av Harachamim and Tzidkasecha may contain Chometz. One should also Libbun Kal. [Do not leave the stove are omitted each Shabbos. ensure that starched clothing does not unattended when Kashering with this come into contact with food. method, and ensure adequate ventilation.] The Nossi is recited each of the first twelve days of Nissan, followed by the Yehi Ratzon Shabbos candlesticks should be cleaned For standard electric cooktops (where the printed in the Siddur. It is recited even by a thoroughly. If the usual tray will be used on burner coils are exposed), the coils are Kohen and Levi. On the thirteenth day, one Pesach, it should be cleaned well and Kashered through Libbun Gommur (turning ~ 2 ~ them onto the highest setting until they A separate Blech and urn is used for Pesach. Bedikas Chometz, either by placing it in a glow red-hot), while the burners, drip-trays Pantries, cupboards, shelves, fridges and closed area such as a closet (which should and cooktop surface are Kashered by freezers (defrosted first) should be be locked or marked), or by completely cleaning them thoroughly, after which thoroughly cleaned with a cleaning agent, barricading it with a sturdy Mechitzah at Libbun Kal is performed. and lined. The fridge/freezer rubber door least ten Tefachim tall. A curtain that is If the cooktop surface cannot be Kashered seals should be cleaned as well, and the easily slung aside does not suffice. [When through Libbun Kal (e.g. if made of glass or interior circulation vents should not be extremely necessary, one may access these enamel), it may instead be covered with a blocked, so as not to cause damage. areas during Pesach, but must avoid durable and heat-proof covering or lining. remaining there for any length of time, and Fans, hoods and other areas above stoves must not touch the Chometz nor open any Cooktop knobs and backsplashes should be and ovens should be cleaned and ideally boxes containing them.] cleaned and lined with foil. covered due to the steam that circulates Chometz that will be eaten later in the Induction cooktops and electric when cooking. evening or the next morning should be smoothtops (where the burner coils lie placed in a secure location before Bedikas  MECHIRAS CHOMETZ beneath a flat ceramic glass surface) are Chometz, out of the reach of children. not Kashered and used for Pesach. Mechiras Chometz is effective only if one A paper bag, single-wick beeswax candle, Wooden or laminate tabletops and truly commits to sell his Chometz in an unconditional and absolute sale. It is feather and wooden spoon are prepared countertops are Kashered by cleaning them for Bedikas Chometz. thoroughly (including crevices) and waiting therefore customary to perform a Kinyan 24 hours. Then, after ensuring that the (act of acquisition) when authorising the Ten pieces of bread are put out, each piece surface is thoroughly dry, one pours boiling Rav to sell the Chometz. [However, this less than a Kezayis, but all pieces totalling water from a kettle that has just been Kinyan is not an absolute requirement.] at least a Kezayis. Each piece should be removed from the source of heat, ensuring Mechiras Chometz must occur before the wrapped well in paper in order to prevent that the flow of water from the kettle to the end time of Biur Chometz on Erev Pesach. crumbs. The wrapping material must be entire surface is direct and uninterrupted. However, it is preferable to visit the Rav flammable (as opposed to foil) so that the pieces of bread burn well. Stone countertops are Kashered similarly, before the night of Bedikas Chometz. but the boiling water is poured over an Practically, one should not wait until then, A record should be kept of the pieces’ Even Meluban (red-hot stone) which is and instead go at the earliest opportunity. locations in case they are not found during moved around (or right above) the entire When the householder sells the Chometz, the search. surface as the water is poured over it. The his dependents (who dwell with him Even Meluban remains effective as long as permanently) do not need to, unless they  TIME OF BEDIKAS CHOMETZ it causes the boiling water to bubble. own Chometz independently. Bedikas Chometz is performed as soon as possible after Tzeis Hakochavim (7:45pm), Metal countertops and sinks are Kashered Chometz belonging to a Shule or public and after davening Maariv. with boiling water and an Even Meluban, in organization should be sold by the office- the manner described above. The water bearer responsible for finances. From half an hour prior to Tzeis Hakochavim until after Bedikas Chometz should be poured over the lowest surfaces In the sale, one includes all Chometz and (even if running late), one may not eat first, before moving upward. Alternatively, Chometz utensils. Since the actual location more than a K’beitzah (57 grams) of bread they may be Kashered through Libbun Kal of the Chometz is also leased to the non- or Mezonos, drink alcoholic beverages, (blowtorching until the other side of the Jew, one should list the full address of each nap, learn Torah, bathe, haircut, work or metal is hot enough to scorch paper). of his personal and business properties, perform other absorbing activities Metal faucets and faucet handles are including common-owned properties, unrelated to Bedikas Chometz. Kashered by pouring boiling water (in the preferably concluding with the words “and manner described above for tabletops and wherever my Chometz may be found”. If one began these activities prior to this time, he may continue during the half hour counters). The hot tap-water should be If one owns Chometz in a different time- before Tzeis Hakochavim, but must stop as turned on and running through the interior zone, or is travelling to a different time- soon as it is Tzeis Hakochavim. of the faucet at the time that it’s exterior is zone for Pesach, he should inform the Rav being Kashered. Bleach should be poured of his situation for further guidance. One may begin learning during the half down the sink drain and onto any crevices Tzeis Hakochavim If one is away from home for the entire hour before only if he between the sink and the sink drain. Any Shomer Pesach: If he arrives at his destination appoints a (guardian) who is not tap filters, aerators, strainers and sponges Bedikas before the night of Bedikas Chometz, he learning to remind him to perform should be replaced. Chometz Tzeis Hakochavim includes his entire home in the Mechiras as soon as it is . Shomer The kettle used to boil the water for Chometz. If he will still be at home the night Even so, a does not allow one to Kashering is customarily reserved for this of Bedikas Chometz, he includes most of his engage in the other prohibited activities. purpose alone, and is used neither with the home in Mechiras Chometz, but excludes a Chometz nor with the Pesach cooking. small area so that he can conduct Bedikas  BEDIKAS CHOMETZ If a tabletop or countertop will be damaged Chometz (see “Bedikas Chometz” section). Although not a requirement, the Alter by Kashering, or is made of a material that Rebbe records the custom of washing cannot be Kashered, one should cover it  BEDIKAS CHOMETZ PREPARATIONS Neggel Vasser prior to Bedikas Chometz. well instead, ensuring that no liquid is The house should be completely cleaned, One lights the candle before reciting the trapped beneath. the floors swept (including under the beds), Brocho, and holds it in his right hand during After Kashering, all countertops, and all Chometz removed prior to Bedikas the Brocho, in order to begin searching as backsplashes, tables and cooktop surfaces Chometz. soon as the Brocho is finished. should be lined or covered. Sinks should Anything included in Mechiras Chometz After the Brocho, one should not speak at also be lined or fitted with sink inserts. should be securely stored away before all prior to beginning the search, even ~ 3 ~ matters related to the search. If one did If one is vacating his home for the entire The horseradish should be ground before speak, he must repeat the Brocho if his Pesach: If he arrives at his destination Yom Tov and placed in an air-tight words were unrelated to the search. before the night of Bedikas Chometz, he container to retain its potency. [If, prior to Mechiras After one already began the search, until includes his entire home in the purchase, the horseradish was cut with a Chometz Bedikas Chometz the conclusion of Kol Chamiro, one should , and performs at knife whose status is unknown, the area of not speak matters unrelated to Bedikas his destination. [When one is guesting with the cut should be removed and discarded.] Bedikas Chometz (unless otherwise obligatory, such a host, he may rely on the host’s The Charoses should be prepared (with Chometz as the Brocho over thunder and lightning). and need not perform it himself. apples, pears and nuts) before Yom Tov. Nevertheless, if one did speak Alternatively, he may rent a room from the Kinyan Hard boiled eggs should be prepared (but unnecessarily, he does not repeat the host with a valid and perform Bedikas Chometz remain unpeeled) for the Kaarah. Brocho. himself.] Karpas If he will still be at home for the night of Onions are prepared for the . The search begins in a location right next to Bedikas Chometz, he should include most Chicken-necks are roasted for the Zeroah, where the Brocho was recited, and is of his home in the Mechiras Chometz, but and most (but not all) of its meat removed. conducted carefully and thoroughly. exclude a small area in which to conduct Salt-water is prepared before Yom Tov. The obligation of Bedikas Chometz rests Bedikas Chometz. He must also perform Roasted meat or poultry may not be eaten with the householder. Nevertheless, he Bedikas Chometz (without a Brocho) when at the Seder, even if it was cooked prior to may delegate part (but preferably not all) he arrives at his destination, unless roasting. However, it may be eaten if it was of the search to male family members over someone else already performed it there. Bar Mitzvah. Ideally, before spreading out, cooked after roasting. [Liver is often just If one is away from home for the night of they should hear his Brocho and roasted, and it should therefore not be Bedikas Chometz, but will be returning on immediately begin searching in a location eaten at the Seder.] Pot-roast is treated as Erev Pesach or during Pesach, he must right next to where he recited the Brocho. regular roast, unless water or juice is added conduct Bedikas Chometz (including Kol Otherwise, they search without a Brocho. before cooking. Chamira) the night before he leaves home, With regards to meat and other foods, one One searches by the light of the candle and without a Brocho. [This is in addition to should not say, “This is for Pesach,” for he with a feather. Any Chometz found is searching at the place he is staying on the appears to be designating it for the Korbon placed in the paper bag. night of Bedikas Chometz.] Alternatively, he Pesach. [This prohibition does not apply to may appoint a Shliach to search his home One must carefully and meticulously search the wheat used for Matzos.] every location into which Chometz may on the night of Bedikas Chometz with a Rebbe have potentially been brought, even if only Brocho; however, the homeowner must The encouraged that children be Haggadah on occasion, and even if it has already been still recite Kol Chamira. given their own illustrated to increase their excitement. cleaned for Pesach. Even after all ten pieces are found, one must properly search the Yom Tov in general, and the Seder in  PESACH AND SEDER PREPARATIONS remainder of the house. However, one particular, is an especially appropriate time One should familiarize himself with all the does not need to check the locations that to host guests. Halachos associated with the Seder. are being leased in the Mechiras Chometz. The Mitzvah of V’Samechta B’Chagecha A clean and undamaged Becher (or cup) One should remember to search his porch, entails eating meat, wine and delicacies; that holds at least a Revi’is (86ml) is garage and vehicle during or after Bedikas providing new clothing or jewellery for prepared for every participant, both male Chometz. one’s wife according to his means; and and female. When choosing the size of the giving sweets to the children. These should After Bedikas Chometz is concluded, the Becher, one should bear in mind that each be arranged in advance. bag of ten pieces along with the feather of the four cups of wine are ideally and any remnant of the candle is placed consumed in one swallow.  inside the hollow of the spoon. It is then all EREV PESACH MORNING Preferably, the Becher or cup should be of wrapped in paper and tied with string, One goes to Shule early, in order that there significant quality, such as silver or glass, as ensuring that the spoon handle remains be ample time to eat Chometz after opposed to disposables. visible, and stored in a secure location davening. When in Shule, one should clean inaccessible to children. One should prepare enough red wine to and remove any Chometz in his locker. supply four cups for every participant. Mizmor L’Sodah is not recited until after Afterwards, one recites “Kol Chamira”, (White wine is not used at the Seder unless Pesach. ensuring that he understands the meaning. it is superior to all available red wines.) Every male Bechor, as well as the father of [Otherwise, he should recite it in a Since a great variety of wines are readily a Bechor under the age of Bar Mitzvah, language that he understands.] available in present times, including dry should attend and eat from a Seudas One must also perform Bedikas Chometz wines and low-alcohol wines, one should Mitzvah such as a Siyum, Bris or Pidyon (or appoint a Shliach to do so) at any other avoid grape-juice if possible. Haben. They should not eat before property he is fully or partly responsible for If a non Shomer-Shabbos Jew or non-Jew partaking of the Seudas Mitzvah. (e.g. workplace, dormitory room, will be present in the room during the A Siyum may be made on a Masechta of common-owned entryways and facilities Seder, the wine must be Mevushal. rooms) if it is not being sold for Pesach. Gemoro or an entire Seder of Mishna. [The Ideally, this is done right after Bedikas One should prepare a sufficient supply of Siyum may be made even by a child.] The Chometz at home. [The Brocho is not unbroken concave-shaped Matzos for the usual Kaddish D’rabanan is recited at the recited again; one should therefore have Seder. Siyum, and not the “Kaddish Hagadol” these locations in mind when reciting the The romaine lettuce should be washed and printed in the back of the Gemoro. Brocho at home.] A person must also be checked for bugs before Yom Tov. They A Bechor (or the father of a Bechor under delegated to perform Bedikas Chometz at should also be dried so that they may be the age of Bar Mitzvah) who did not hear a the Shule and the Beis Midrash. eaten together with the Matzah at Koirech. Siyum must fast. ~ 4 ~ Wine and grape-juice should not be drunk If still extant, the Daled Minim and/or whatever reason, the Chometz is already in on Erev Pesach. Hoishanos are burned at Biur Chometz. someone’s hand, he should be directed to Apples, pears, nuts and Maror are not The fire is used solely for burning the immediately flush it down the toilet.] eaten from Erev Pesach until Shulchan Chometz. One should not derive any If a guest mistakenly brings Chometz as a Orech of the second Seder. benefit from the fire. gift, one should intend to not acquire it. Many activities are prohibited on Erev After the Chometz is completely burned, One should also remember not to handle it Pesach after midday, including tailoring or but before the end-time of Biur Chometz, directly on Yom Tov, and should follow the sewing new garments, laundering, one recites the second Kol Chamiro (and instructions above for destroying it. meticulous forms of writing and giving the accompanying Yehi Ratzon), ensuring When burning such Chometz, the Brocho of haircuts. However, one may: that he understands its meaning. Al Biur Chometz is recited only when all the • Instruct a non-Jew to do these. [Otherwise, he should recite it in a following conditions are met: • Do these himself if necessary to prevent language that he understands.] • It is definite Chometz. a real financial loss. One should recite Kol Chamiro even if he is • It belongs to him. • Mend a used vessel or garment for not burning Chometz (e.g. a child or guest). • It is a Kezayis or bigger. [If it became Pesach if it is damaged only slightly, or Chometz on Pesach itself, it does not he fixes it unprofessionally. One may need to be a Kezayis.]  CHOMETZ AFTER THIS TIME also do this for others without pay. • It is still Pesach (not before or after). On Pesach, one cannot benefit from any • It was not in his possession at the time Since one may not launder on Chol Chometz – even belonging to a non-Jew. Hamoied either, the laundry should be when the Rav sold the Chometz. [Examples include sitting on a sack of flour, tended to before midday on Erev Pesach. enjoying the smell of Chometz, selling or  REV ESACH FTERNOON One should have a haircut in honour of giving Chometz to a non-Jew, feeding E P A On Erev Pesach, it is ideal to open the Pesach. (Furthermore, haircuts are not Chometz to an animal – even one that is packaging of all the items that will be used taken again until Erev Shabbos 4th Sivan). ownerless, renting/lending any item to a during Yom Tov (e.g. wine bottles and Ideally, one should take the haircut before non-Jew when it is known or he clearly Matzah boxes). midday. If one did not do so, he may use a states that he will use it for Chometz, or non-Jewish barber after midday. placing an order for Chometz to be Parents should ensure that their children delivered right after Pesach.] nap during the day so that they are awake Nails are trimmed in honour of Pesach. and alert for the Seder. [Another reason to tend to them on Erev One may not assume responsibility for any Pesach is because they otherwise cannot Chometz on Pesach, even if it belongs to a One immerses in a Mikvah after midday. be trimmed on Chol Hamoied.] Ideally, they non-Jew. [Examples include providing a It is forbidden to eat a proper meal once should be trimmed before midday. delivery service, storing it in one’s property the tenth Halachic hour of the day begins or warehouse, or relying on it as collateral On Erev Pesach, one should not donate (4:20pm), in order to eat the Matzah at for a loan.] If one did assume responsibility blood or undergo any procedures or tests night with a healthy appetite. However, for such Chometz before Pesach, he must involving blood loss. [This does not apply in one may snack in small quantities that include it in Mechiras Chometz. cases of great need, and certainly not when won’t ruin his appetite for the Seder. it is Pikuach Nefesh.] One may not touch Chometz throughout One gives Tzedakah on Erev Yom Tov for

Pesach, unless while destroying it. [On the two days of Yom Tov.  BIUR CHOMETZ Shabbos and Yom Tov, there is the Those who perform an annual Eruv One must stop eating Chometz at 11:26am additional concern of Muktzeh.] One may Chatzeiros customarily do it on Erev Pesach and clean his mouth. One may still benefit also not eat at the same table as a non-Jew using Shmurah Matzah. from Chometz until the end-time of Biur eating Chometz, even if they are not Chometz (12:25pm). acquainted, and even if there is a Heker One should arrange a pre-existing flame (item serving as a reminder) in between. from which to light the candles on the Prior to the end-time for Biur Chometz, one second night of Pesach. should: One must prevent a gentile employee (such • remove from his property all rubbish as a household-helper) from bringing Candle-lighting is at 6:59pm. Since the first that may contain Chometz. Chometz onto his premises. A gentile who night of Pesach is Shabbos, one may not • check the pockets and cuffs of any is not an employee may enter with light candles after sunset. The Brochos are unlaundered clothing and coats. Chometz and eat it on site, provided that Shel Shabbos v’Shel Yom Tov and • seal and mark all locations included in one doesn’t thereby assume any Shehecheyanu. Mechiras Chometz. responsibility for the Chometz. One must If conducting the Seder elsewhere, one • clean jewellery rings, then Kasher them also ensure that the gentile removes the must derive some practical benefit from Chometz by pouring boiling water over them. from the premises as soon as he the candles after nightfall. leaves, and the area must be cleaned.

One should ensure that the actual pieces of When a man is required to light candles, he Chometz are thoroughly burned before the does not recite Shehecheyanu, as he will be  end-time of Biur Chometz. [One may also FINDING CHOMETZ AFTER THIS TIME doing so in Kiddush. [Therefore, on the burn the Chometz and recite Kol Chamiro If one finds Chometz on Erev Pesach after second night of Pesach, it is best that he earlier in the morning if he and his entire the end-time for Biur Chometz, on Chol lights candles right before Kiddush, so that family have already concluded the final Hamoied, or after Pesach, he should burn it his Shehecheyanu is linked to both. meal of Chometz.] immediately. However, this cannot be done on the first Flammable liquids are not recommended If one finds Chometz on Yom Tov, he should night of Pesach, as it is Shabbos.] when burning the Chometz, due to the cover it immediately without moving it, as Mincha is davened a bit earlier than usual, concern that they may render the Chometz it is Muktzeh. He should burn it in order to recite “Seder Korban Pesach” inedible, as well as safety concerns. immediately after Yom Tov. [If, for before sunset. [If one is late, he should still ~ 5 ~ recite it after sunset.] Since it is also Erev  PREVALENT CHUMROS second night with a Shinui, such as by Shabbos, Hoidu and Posach Eliyahu are The Arizal stressed the importance of holding the grater backwards or grating recited before Mincha. observing Chumros on Pesach. The directly onto the tabletop. However, on the following practices are prevalent in Chabad first night, it can only be chopped coarsely  MATZAH circles, the specifics of which may vary from with a knife (since it is Shabbos). One should use Matzah produced from family to family: If one forgot to prepare the salt-water on wheat, and not from other grains (such as • To peel or shell all fruits, vegetable and Erev Yom Tov, it may be prepared as usual spelt), unless there are health concerns. nuts before use. on the second night. However, only a small Chabad custom is to use only round hand- • Not to eat leafy vegetables which can’t amount may be prepared on the first night, made Shmurah-Matzah during Pesach. be peeled (besides romaine lettuce). and it must be a weak solution, since it is • To have a special pot exclusively for Shabbos Egg-Matzos are not used on Pesach. . boiling eggs. If a Matzah folded over during baking, or it • To boil and strain sugar before Pesach.  has a large bubble, one should not eat of • Not to eat commercially prepared MAARIV – FIRST NIGHT Kabbolas Shabbos Mizmor that area or its perimeter (at least 2cm). foods (besides Matzah, wine, meat begins with L’Dovid L’chu Neranenah Chabad custom is to not eat “Gebrochts” and/or oil). , and not with . In Lecho Dodi, we say B’Simcha U’vetzahala. (aside from on the last day of Pesach). One • Not to use spices. is extremely meticulous to ensure that the • To use coarse salt and not fine salt. Since it is Shabbos, all the Shabbos Matzah does not become moistened. • Not to eat garlic and radishes. selections are added in the Shmoneh Esrei The Matzos on the table should be covered • Not to use food that fell on the floor. (If of Yom Tov. If one did not make any to prevent liquid spilling on them, as well as peelable, one may peel it). mention of Shabbos in the middle Brocho, to prevent Matzah crumbs from falling into • To thoroughly wash any utensil that fell or he mistakenly davened the regular liquids. Before pouring liquid into a vessel, on the floor, or to set it aside and not Shmoneh Esrei of Shabbos: If he did not yet one ensures that there are no Matzah use it until the following Pesach. finish reciting the second Yih’yu L’ratzon (at crumbs in it. • Not to drink any alcoholic beverages the end of the passage of Elokai N’tzor), he other than wine. should return to the beginning of the Any vessel that came into contact with middle Brocho (i.e. Atoh Vechartonu). Gebrochts • Not to eat food prepared outside one’s is set aside and not used until Otherwise, he must repeat Shmoneh Esrei. Acharon Shel Pesach. own home. • Some do not eat dairy foods. After Shmoneh Esrei, the passage During Pesach, one does not pass his wet • Some do not drink tea or coffee. Vayechulu is recited, followed by Hallel, hand over his lips at Mayim Achronim, out • Some do not use potato starch. Kaddish Tiskabel and Mizmor L’Dovid. [The of the concern that there might be Matzah • Brocho of Me’ein Sheva is omitted even crumbs remaining on his lips. To cook as much as possible prior to Pesach, since a speck of Chometz that is though it is Shabbos.] inadvertently mixed in becomes  KITNIYOS nullified then, unlike on Pesach itself. Kitniyos (legumes) are not eaten on Pesach.  HALLEL

Common examples include rice, millet, The entire Hallel is recited on the first two buckwheat, corn, peas, beans, lentils,  FORGOT TO PREPARE THE SEDER ITEMS night and days of Pesach. Half Hallel is sesame seeds, mustard, chickpeas, If one forgot to prepare any of the items for recited on the last six days of Pesach. Seder peanuts, soy and soybeans, tofu, sunflower the , one can prepare on the first Hallel is recited standing (unless one is and poppy seeds. It is best to avoid quinoa, night only what is necessary for that night, feeble or infirm). as their status is unclear. and not for the second night. When reciting the entire Hallel, one may Zeroah Kitniyos derived oils are not used, such as If one forgot to prepare the , one not interrupt it – other than for those canola, corn, peanut, safflower, sesame, may use a cooked chicken-neck instead. On things that one may respond to during the Yom Tov sunflower, soybean (often labelled as the second night of , one may also Brochos of Krias Shema. [I.e. If the Chazzan vegetable oil) or rapeseed (flaxseed) oils. roast a chicken-neck provided that he recites Kedushah, one responds Kodosh, The status of cottonseed oil is debated, but consumes its meat the following day (i.e. Boruch and Yimloch. When the Chazzan Yom Tov it is generally regarded as non-Kitniyos. while it is still the second day of ). says Ha’E-l Hakodosh, one answers Omein. Zeroah Kitniyos may be used when necessary for [This, in spite of the fact that the is When the Chazzan says Modim, one the sick, infirm or babies (e.g. infant generally not eaten, as explained further.] answers the three words Modim Anachnu formulas and nutritional supplements). One may not grind horseradish on Yom Tov. Loch. When the Chazzan recites Kaddish, However, designated utensils should be If it was not done on Erev Yom Tov, one may one answers Omein Yehei Shmei etc, and used, and they should be kept separate finely chop the horseradish on the second Omein to d’amiran b’olmo. One also from the rest of the Pesach utensils. night, but only chop it coarsely on the first answers Borchu and Omein when the One may own and derive benefit from night (since it is Shabbos). Alternatively, Brochos are recited before and after an Kitniyos on Pesach (such as feeding pets). one can suffice with romaine lettuce. Aliyah or Haftorah.] If Kitniyos inadvertently fell into another If one forgot to wash and check the When reciting half Hallel, one may respond food item on Pesach, it is nullified if the romaine lettuce for bugs, it may be done as Omen to any Brocho, but not Boruch Hu mixture contains more non-Kitniyos than usual on the second night of Yom Tov. u’Voruch Shmoi. One may also respond to Kitniyos. Such a mixture can be consumed However, on the first night, one cannot Borchu, Kaddish and Kedushah. even if it has a pronounced taste of remove a bug from the lettuce (since it is It is preferable to recite Hallel with the Shabbos Kitniyos, as long as no piece of Kitniyos is ), and should therefore discard the Minyan. If one is not up to the Minyan, this visually discernible. Nevertheless, it is section of lettuce containing the bug. creates a dilemma; on the one hand it is common practice not to eat any item If one forgot to prepare the Charoses on appropriate to recite Hallel with the containing even a trace of Kitniyos. Erev Yom Tov, one may grate it on the congregation (if he hasn’t yet begun Boruch ~ 6 ~ She’omar), and on the other hand, it is fingernails close to the flames. [If one Although a Brocho is not recited at Urchatz, appropriate that one davens in the correct forgot to recite Ner and Havdallah during one must still observe all the other order. For this reason, the Rebbeim were Kiddush, he should recite it over the second Halachos of Netilas Yadayim. Hallel Karpas punctilious about being up to when cup of wine (and thus eat the before One dips the Karpas before making the Minyan Yom Tov Havdallah the recited it on . ). If one only remembered after Brocho, and should have in mind the Maror If one forgot to recite Hallel, he should the second cup but before finishing the and Koirech when making the Brocho. One Afikomen Ner recite it with a Brocho as soon as he , he should recite and should eat less than a Kezayis of Karpas. Havdallah remembers; the night Hallel may be recited over a cup of wine as soon as he After eating of the Karpas, any remainder is Hagofen until dawn, and the day Hallel may be realizes, without reciting . If one not returned to the Kaarah. recited until sunset. realized after the Afikomen, he should recite Ner and Havdallah over the third cup At Yachats, the Matzah is broken into two If one mistakenly recited half-Hallel on the of wine, and if not then, over the fourth cup whilst covered in the Kaarah. [Ideally, the first two nights or days of Pesach, he must of wine. If he did not realize until after the smaller piece should still be a Kezayis.] The repeat the entire Hallel (without a Brocho). Seder, he should recite Ner and Havdallah larger piece is then broken into five,

over a cup of wine as soon as he wrapped in a cloth, and placed between  THE SEDER – BOTH NIGHTS remembers, and he prefaces it with the the pillows. [If the larger piece broke into PLEASE NOTE: THE FOLLOWING IS ONLY A PARTIAL Brocho of Hagofen.] more than five pieces, any extra pieces are LIST OF PRACTICES RELATING TO THE SEDER; THE not included in the Afikomen.] It is not our A woman who recites her own Kiddush BASIC DETAILS ARE READILY FOUND IN THE custom to “snatch” the Afikomen. should not say Shehecheyanu, as she HAGGADAH. THE REBBE RASHAB TOLD THE already did so at candle-lighting. During Maggid, the Haggadah should be FRIERDIKER REBBE TO REVIEW THE INSTRUCTIONS IN recited at a reasonable pace, joyously and THE HAGGADAH BEFORE EVERY STEP OF THE SEDER; Males lean to the left when drinking the in a loud voice, whilst sitting respectfully THE REBBE DID SO VERBALLY, BUT QUIETLY. four cups of wine, as well as when eating (and certainly not whilst leaning). the Matzah at Motzie-Matzah, Koirech and The table should be set with the best Haggadah Tzofun. [If one forgot to lean for the second When it says in the to raise the utensils and finery – even if not actually Kaarah cup of wine or at Motzie-Matzah, he , our custom is to uncover the needed for the Seder – as an expression of Matzah consumes them again whilst leaning, middle instead. Likewise, when it freedom. All the Seder items should be Kaarah without repeating the Brocho. One may says to remove the , our custom is ready for the men to begin arranging the to cover the middle Matzah instead. Kaarah as soon as they arrive home. also drink the first cup again if he forgot to lean, as long as he had in mind at the time During Hey Lachma Anya, the stress is The Seder should begin as soon as possible, of Kiddush that he might drink more wine placed on the syllable Bo in the first but only after the emergence of three stars before the second cup. For this reason, it is instance of Habo’oh and on the syllable Oh (7:43pm). proper to have such an intention during in the second instance of Habo’oh. All men and boys (at least over Bar Kiddush. If one forgot to lean for anything After the children ask Mah Nishtana, Mitzvah) should have their own Kaarah. else, he does not repeat it.] everyone else – including the one leading Each person arranges his own Kaarah One should drink red wine for each of the the Seder – recites it quietly as well, along immediately after returning from Shule. four cups. (White wine is not used at the with the prelude “Tatte…” (even if one’s [When arranging his Kaarah, the Rebbe Seder unless it is superior to all available father has already passed away). would quietly verbalize the instructions in red wines. Even then, one should add a At V’hi She’Omdo, the middle Matzah is the Haggadah.] little red wine to colour it). If one cannot covered before picking up the wine. At its A cloth, plate or tray is placed under the drink a full cup of wine, he or she may mix conclusion, the cup of wine is put down Kaarah. The Matzos should be unbroken it with grape-juice. If even this is before the middle Matzah is uncovered. and concave-shaped, and positioned so impossible, one may use only grape-juice. After the ten plagues, wine is also poured that they resemble a receptacle. They are [One should avoid diluting the wine or at each of the acronyms Detzach Adash inserted from bottom to top, with a cloth grape-juice with water if possible.] Be’Acahav. between each of them. Another cloth is Each of the four cups should be entirely One does not pause during the recitation of placed on top upon which the Kaarah items consumed without any pause. If this is not the fourteen Dayenu’s. are placed as per the arrangement possible, one should keep any pause to an described in the Haggadah. absolute minimum. At the very least, one When reciting Matzah Zu, one holds the Since the first night is Shabbos, Shalom should drink the majority of the cup, Levi and Yisroel Matzah by means of the Aleichem and Eishes Chayil (as well as all preferably in one swallow. [If even this is cloth surrounding them. When reciting the other selections prior to Kiddush) are not possible, the barest minimum is Rov Maror Zu, one places his hands on the recited, but in an undertone. Yom Hashishi Revi’is (at least 44ml), preferably in one Maror and Chazeres on the Kaarah. is then recited aloud, followed by Hagofen swallow. This applies only to the first three At Lefichoch (near the end of Maggid), the and the Yom Tov Kiddush (including the cups but not the fourth – see further.] middle Matzah is covered before picking up Shabbos additions). One may drink water or other liquids (other the second cup of wine. The cup isn’t raised On Seder night, one may recite Kiddush than wine) between the first and second continuously from Lefichoch until the even between the sixth and seventh hour cups of wine. If he intended to do so when Brocho concluding Go’al Yisroel. Rather, it on Friday night. he recited Kiddush, then he does not make is set down for the two intervening Brocho Shehakol paragraphs of Hallelu-kah and Btzeis. During Kiddush on the second night of a ; otherwise he recites . Pesach, one recites a total of five Brochos: Children who are hungry may snack. One should endeavour not to speak Yayin, Kiddush, Ner, Havdallah and Zman. However, if they are old enough to unrelated matters from the beginning of When reciting the Brocho of Ner, one looks understand the story of Yetzias Mitzrayim, Motzie-Matzah until the end of Koirech. at the candle, but does not bring the they should not eat any Matzah until after For Motzie-Matzah, every person with a candles together, nor does one bring his Maggid. Kaarah eats two Kezaysim of Matzah; one ~ 7 ~ Kezayis of the Kohen Matzah and one Pesach and the other to commemorate the during the next six stanzas, and the letter Kezayis of the Levi Matzah. If this is too Matzah that was eaten with it. As the Hey during the final five stanzas. hard, one may suffice with one Kezayis Matzah hidden at the time of Yachats is One must drink at least an entire Revi’is at comprised from both of those Matzos. The likely less than two Kezaysim, it should be the fourth cup of wine, in order to recite pieces of the Kohen and Levi Matzah are supplemented with other Matzah. Those the Brocho Acharona. [As mentioned eaten together, and not one after the who do not have a Kaarah are given a little earlier, it is in any case ideal to consume the other. One without a Kaarah is given a bit bit of the Afikomen Matzah supplemented whole cup without pause.] of the Kohen and Levi Matzah by other Matzah. At the conclusion of the Seder, the wine supplemented by other Matzah; they need If one finds it too hard to consume two eat only one Kezayis in total. [For Motzie- from the Kos Shel Eliyahu is returned to the Kezaysim, one may suffice with one bottle whilst all sing Keili Attah. [Wine Matzah, one follows the stricter opinion Kezayis, but should stipulate that he that measures a Kezayis as 29 grams.] should first be added to the Kos Shel thereby fulfils whichever commemoration Eliyahu before returning it to the bottle, so The Matzah is not dipped into salt. is the primary one. [For Afikomen, one may that the wine in the bottle does not When eating Motzie-Matzah, as well as follow the lenient opinion that measures a become Pogum.] Kezayis as approximately 19 grams.] Maror, Koirech and Afikomen, one should Before going to sleep on the first night of consume them in the shortest time frame The Afikomen must be eaten in one place. Pesach, one recites only the first paragraph possible, ideally within four minutes. Thus, one should not move from table to of Shma and the Brocho of Hamapil. On the Maror requires one Kezayis (combined table, and certainly not from room to room. second night, Krias Shma She’al Hamitah is from both the horseradish and romaine We are particular about eating the recited as per every Yom Tov. lettuce). [For Maror, one may follow the Afikomen before midnight (1:24am) only lenient opinion that measures a Kezayis at on the first night. On the second night, the approximately 19 grams.] Seder is conducted at greater length, with  YA’ALEH VEYAVO IN BENTCHING If one forgets Ya’aleh Veyavo in bentching, Wine from the bowl under the Becher is greater elaboration of the Haggadah. but remembers before saying Hashem’s added to the Charoses. Since the first night One does not eat or drink anything after name at Bonei Yerushalayim, he goes back. is Shabbos and the wine needs to be added Afikomen the , aside from the last two cups If one remembered after that, but before in an unusual way, one should put the of wine. [Even with the last two cups, if one beginning the next Brocho, he recites the Charoses into the wine and not vice-versa; decided not to finish them because it was extra Brocho as printed in the Bentcher. If the mixture should be thin-textured; and too hard, he cannot later change his mind one began even the first word of the next one should not stir it with a spoon, but use and drink what remains.] Brocho, one must begin bentching again if a finger or swish the dish around instead. The Rebbe would fill the Kos Shel Eliyahu it is one of the two required meals of Yom Before making the Brocho, one dips the himself, and do so before filling his own Tov, but not if it is a third optional meal, or Maror slightly and rapidly into the Charoses Becher for Bentching (even though Sefer Chol Hamoied. and then shakes it off. One should have in Haminhagim Bentching says to do it after ). The Horachamon for Yom Tov is recited. mind the Koirech when making the Brocho The householder leads the Mezuman. on the Maror. Everyone holds the third cup of wine during Koirech is comprised of one Kezayis of the the first three Brochos of bentching.  FIRST DAY: DAVENING & TEFILAS TAL Full Hallel is recited, as mentioned above. Yisroel Matzah, and one Kezayis of Maror All the doors between the Seder and the (combined from both the horseradish and public domain (or courtyard) are opened As it is Shabbos, the special selections romaine lettuce). [For both the Matzah and for Shefoch Chamoscha. Since the first normally added for Yom Tov when opening Maror of Koirech, one may follow the night is Shabbos, the candles remain on the the Aron Hakoidesh are omitted. lenient opinion that measures a Kezayis as table when opening the door. On the After the Kaddish right before Musaf, the approximately 19 grams.] second night, (some of) the candles are Gabbai announces “Morid Hatal”. From In order that the Matzah does not get wet, taken to the door. that point on, one recites “Morid Hatal” in the Maror (Chazeres) should not be dipped Those who open the door say Shefoch Shmoneh Esrei. into the Charoses. Instead, dry Charoses Chamoscha whilst standing at the door, If one heard this announcement before should be sprinkled directly onto the Maror whereas those who stay at the table remain davening Shacharis, he recites “Morid and then shaken off. seated. The next paragraph (Lo Lanu) is Hatal” in the Shmoneh Esrei of Shacharis as Shulchan Orech begins with the egg dipped begun only after those at the door return. well. [One should avoid such a situation.] in salt-water. At this point, the remainder The Rebbe Rashab said, “During the Seder, This does not apply when one is davening of the Kaarah may be removed from the and especially when the door is opened at Shacharis together with another Minyan. table. One should not eat the Zeroah. Shefoch Chamoscha, one must think that Someone davening at home without a One does not lean when eating the meal. he should merit to be a mentsch, and then Minyan should recite Musaf only after he One should eat his fill, but pace himself so Hashem will help … Don’t request physical estimates that the Gabbai has already that he can eat the Afikomen without matters; ask for spiritual matters!” made the announcement. feeling bloated. When reciting Hallel, the householder If one mistakenly said “Morid HaGeshem”: One does not recite a Brocho when drinking leads all the participants in the four stanzas • If one realized before saying Hashem’s wine during the meal, as it is included with of Hoidu and Ana Hashem in the same name at the end of the Brocho, he the Brocho over the second cup of wine. responsive manner as the Chazzan in Shule. returns to the beginning of the Brocho. One should not say L’Chaim, and should During Hallel Hagadol, one thinks of the • If one already concluded the Brocho, he pace his wine intake so as not to disturb the four letters of Hashem’s name (as must return to the beginning of rest of the Seder. vowelized with a Komatz): The letter Yud Shmoneh Esrei. For the Afikomen, one eats two Kezaysim of during the first ten stanzas, the letter Hey • If one did not realize his error until the Matzah; one to commemorate the Korban during the next five stanzas, the letter Vov time for that Tefillah passed, he must ~ 8 ~ daven the next Tefillah twice. [E.g. If he remove the wax from the previous night in If one is unsure whether he recited Ya’aleh said “Morid HaGeshem” at Shacharis, a way that it falls directly into the bin. Veyavo, Shmoneh Esrei is repeated. he must recite the Mincha Shmoneh On Yom Tov, one may not relight a candle If one forgot Ya’aleh Veyavo during Esrei twice.] Between the two Tefillos, that extinguished for the first time on Shacharis, and only realised after Musaf, he he should wait the span of time to walk Shabbos. does not repeat Shacharis. four Amos (approx. two metres), and preferably, he should recite words of During the day meal of the second day of If one forgot Ya’aleh Veyavo during Mincha Pesach supplication between them. , it is appropriate to commemorate or Maariv, and only realized after the Zman the anniversary of Esther’s feast which Tefillah has passed, he must recite an If one is in doubt whether he said Morid culminated in the hanging of Haman. additional Shmoneh Esrei in the next Hatal, for the first thirty days he should Tefillah, as compensation. Between the assume that he did not, and after thirty two Tefillos, he should wait the span of days he should assume that he did.  SEIN ROCHO V’ B time to walk four Amos (approx. two Beginning on the first night of Chol The Chazzan recites the special Tefillah of metres), and preferably, he should recite Hamoied, we start reciting V’sein Brocho. Tal during Chazaras Hashatz. [He does not words of supplication between them. wear a Kittel.] The congregation recites If one said V’sein Tal Umotor, but realized each paragraph that begins with Tal before before saying Hashem’s name at the end of the Chazzan. the Brocho, he returns to the beginning of  CHOL HAMOIED the Brocho. As it is Shabbos, the paragraph Vlakachta On the first night of Chol Hamoied, Soiles is recited before the Shesh Zechiros. If one already concluded the Brocho, there Havdalah is recited without Besomim and is a difference between the Northern and candles. V’Yiten Lecha is not recited. Southern Hemispheres.  FIRST AFTERNOON OF PESACH Mizmor L’Sodah is not recited during As it is Shabbos, all the selections In the Southern Hemisphere: Pesach. associated with the Shabbos daytime • If one already concluded the Brocho, he Half-Hallel is recited during Chol Hamoied Kiddush – from Mizmor L’Dovid until Al Kein does not go back, relying on the opinions as well as on the last days of Pesach. (inclusive) are recited in an undertone, that one may daven for rain during the followed by Eileh Moadei in a loud voice. local winter months. On Chol Hamoied: If possible, one avoids beginning the meal In the Northern Hemisphere: • One wears Shabbos clothing. after the tenth Halachic hour of the day • If one already concluded the Brocho, he • One washes for Matzah, eats meat and begins (4:19pm), so that he has an appetite must go back to the Brocho of Boreich drinks a cup of wine every day. for the second Seder. Aleinu, and continue from there to the • One allocates more time for learning. Shmoneh Esrei One may not perform any preparations on end of . If he already began Many activities are prohibited during Chol the first day for the second night and day of reciting (the second) Yih’yu L’ratzon, he Hamoied, including (but not limited to) Yom Tov. [However, during Bein must repeat the entire Shmoneh Esrei. business activity, trade, moving homes, Hashmashos, one may instruct a Goy to • If one did not realize his omission until gardening, sewing, laundering (unless for prepare that which would be permissible the time for that Tefillah has passed, he children who soil their clothing frequently, for a Jew to perform on Yom Tov were it not must daven the next Tefillah twice. [E.g. but only as required), preparing food for being prepared for the second day.] If one said V’sein Tal Umotor Livrocho after Yom Tov, cutting nails (unless it was during Shacharis, he must recite the done on Erev Pesach as well) and taking  SECOND NIGHT AND DAY OF PESACH Shmoneh Esrei of Mincha twice.] haircuts. One may not instruct a non-Jew to Vatodienu is recited during the Shmoneh Between the two Tefillos, he should wait perform these activities for him either. the span of time to walk four Amos Esrei of Maariv. [If one forgot to do so, he For the sake of Chol Hamoied or the last (approximately two metres), and does not correct his mistake, but should say days of Yom Tov, one may professionally preferably, he should recite words of Baruch Hamavdil Bein Koidesh L’Koidesh repair any item which is directly involved in supplication between them. before doing anything forbidden on food preparation (e.g. oven or fridge), or • Shabbos but permitted on Yom Tov, or If one said V’sein Tal Umotor Livrocho in which provides direct benefit to the body before performing tasks for the second Mincha of Erev Shabbos, he does not (e.g. the plumbing, electricity or air- night of Yom Tov. The same applies to a repeat the Shmoneh Esrei of Friday night. conditioning), provided that it wasn’t woman who will not be davening Maariv.] • If one is in doubt whether he said V’sein practical to fix prior to Yom Tov (e.g. it Brocho, for the first thirty days he should Hallel and Sefiras Haomer is recited; see broke on Yom Tov). assume that he did not, and after thirty separate Guide. days he should assume that he did. One should avoid writing. If it cannot be Chabad custom is to learn one daf of deferred until after Chol Hamoied, one Masechta Sotah each day of Sefiras should write with a Shinui. However, Haomer. On the first day, one learns the  YA’ALEH VEYAVO IN DAVENING calligraphy and artistic drawing or painting “Sha’ar Blatt”. If one forgets Ya’aleh Veyavo in davening, is prohibited. but remembers before saying Hashem’s Unless needed for Yom Tov, one should not The candles should be kindled with a pre- name at the end of Hamachazir Tzeis shop for utensils, appliances or clothing. existing flame, and not before Shechinasoi L’tziyon, he goes back. If he Hakochavim Brochos [One may be lenient if the item is (7:55pm). The are remembered between the conclusion of L’Hadlik Ner Shel Yom Tov significantly discounted and it cannot be followed by that Brocho and Modim, he recites it at that Shehecheyanu purchased later for a similar price.] . Tasks and preparations point, without going back. If he remembers Yom Tov required for the second day of after that point, but before taking three If an employee’s job involves activities that should not be conducted before this time. steps back, he returns to the beginning of are not performed on Chol Hamoied, he Candles must not be waxed into place, nor Retzei. If he remembers after taking three should arrange to take leave, unless his the wicks twisted. When needed, one may steps back, Shmoneh Esrei is repeated. absence will jeopardise his employment. ~ 9 ~ Routine medical exams that can easily wait Regarding preparations on Friday for The Brocho for Kneidlach is Mezonos. should not be scheduled for Chol Hamoied. Shabbos, please see the separate Eruv Tavshilin Halacha Guide.  ACHARON SHEL PESACH – DAY One who goes fruit-picking or fishing on As it is Shabbos, we omit the special Chol Hamoied may only collect that which The Rebbe instituted the custom of selections normally added for Yom Tov will be used during the remainder of Chol Tahalucha, attaching much importance to when opening the Aron Hakoidesh. Hamoied or on the last days of Yom Tov. it. The Rebbe encouraged all Chassidim to visit community Shules and enhance their Yizkor is recited before Musaf. Those who One who goes to a farm or zoo may not Simchas Yom Tov by sharing words of Torah leave the Shule for Yizkor may recite “Av feed the animals Chometz, even if neither (both Nigleh and Chassidus), and to Harachamim” after Yizkor if they wish to. the animal nor the Chometz belongs to him. encourage them to conduct a Seudas [One should also remember the Brocho of As it is Shabbos, the paragraph Vlakachta Moshiach on the last day of Pesach. Meshane Habriyos at the zoo when Soiles is recited before the Shesh Zechiros. applicable.] As it is Erev Shabbos, Pasach Eliyahu is As it is Shabbos, all the selections recited before Mincha, but not Hoidu. associated with the Shabbos daytime  EREV SHVI’I SHEL PESACH Since it is Erev Shabbos, one should not eat Kiddush – from Mizmor L’Dovid until Al Kein Just like on Erev Shabbos, it is preferable to after sunset – even if one washed for (inclusive) are recited in an undertone, refrain from eating a proper meal once the Matzah beforehand. [One may bentch after followed by Eileh Moadei in a loud voice. tenth Halachic hour of the day begins sunset and even after the emergence of The Matzah of the Eruv Tavshilin is used as (3:15pm), in order to properly enjoy the three stars. Ya’aleh Veyavo is recited, but part of the Lechem Mishnah of the day Yom Tov meal at night. However, one may not Retzei.] meal. It is eaten at the Seudas Moshiach. snack in small quantities. The candles should be kindled with a pre- However, since it is Shabbos, if one cannot One immerses in a Mikvah after midday. existing flame at the usual eighteen carry the Matzah to the location of the minutes before sunset (5:48pm), and Seudas Moshiach, one should eat it instead Eruv Tavshilin is performed – see separate certainly not after sunset (6:06pm). The during the day meal even though it is not Halacha Guide. Brocho of Shel Shabbos v’Shel Yom Tov is the final meal of the day. One gives Tzedakah for the two days of recited, but Shehecheyanu is not recited. After Mincha and before sunset, we wash Yom Tov. Candles must not be waxed into place, nor for Matzah and participate in a Seudas One should arrange a pre-existing flame may the wicks be twisted to facilitate their Moshiach, including four full cups of wine. from which to light the candles on the lighting. When necessary, one may remove The Nigunim of the Rebbeim (and the Daled second night of Yom Tov. the wax from the previous night with a Bavos) are sung. knife. It is best that one removes it in a way Candle-lighting is at 5:50pm. The Brocho of Every Jew should be encouraged to take that it falls directly into the bin. part in Seudas Moshiach. Shel Yom Tov is recited, but Shehecheyanu is not recited. One may technically eat Chometz during  ACHARON SHEL PESACH – NIGHT the Seudas Moshiach after Tzeis Kabbolas Shabbos begins with Mizmor Hakochavim.  SEUDAS YOM TOV – BOTH EVENINGS L’Dovid, and not with L’chu Neranenah. In The joy of Shvi’i and Acharon Shel Pesach is Lecho Dodi, we say B’Simcha U’vetzahala. During Bentching, Retzei and Ya’aleh greater than the rest of Pesach. Veyavo (and Horachamon) is recited, even Since it is Shabbos, all the Shabbos if it is already after Tzeis Hakochavim. Since it is Yom Tov, if one neglected to light selections are added in the Shmoneh Esrei at the proper time, one may – and should – of Yom Tov. If one did not make any Since it is Motzei Shabbos, Vihi Noam and light candles on Yom Tov itself, from a pre- mention of Shabbos in the middle Brocho, V’atah Kaddosh are recited. existing flame. or he mistakenly davened the regular Havdallah is recited with Besomim and One should ensure that some practical Shmoneh Esrei of Shabbos: If he did not yet candles, V’Yiten Lecha is recited, and a benefit is derived from the candles after finish reciting the second Yih’yu L’ratzon (at Melave Malka meal is prepared, as per Yom Tov begins. One needs to be especially the end of the passage of Elokai N’tzor), he every Motzei Shabbos. attentive to this if eating out. should return to the beginning of the middle Brocho (i.e. Atoh Vechartonu).  SRU HAG In Kiddush, Shehecheyanu is not recited. I C Otherwise, he must repeat Shmoneh Esrei. One should wait a short period of time after One drinks a cup of wine every day of Shalom Aleichem and Eishes Chayil (as well Pesach before eating Chometz, in order to Pesach. This should be paid special as all the other selections prior to Kiddush) allow time for the Rov to repurchase the attention by those who did not make their are recited in an undertone. Yom Hashishi Chometz. own Kiddush. is then recited aloud, followed by Hagofen Isru Chag is celebrated with additional food Yom Tov Kiddush One remains awake and learns the entire and the (including the items. night of Shvi’i Shel Pesach. [It is appropriate Shabbos additions). In association with Yom Tov, the Rebbe to learn the Maamar entitled Hayom Ro’oh It is customary to use the Matzah of the encouraged all to participate in a Kinus and/or V’heynif (in Likutei Torah).] Eruv Tavshilin as part of the Lechem Torah. Mishnah of both the night and day meals. It One may not eat or benefit from Chometz  SHVI’I SHEL PESACH – DAY is eaten at the last meal of the day. owned by a Jew on Pesach; it must be The congregation stands and faces the Gebrochts are eaten in every meal of destroyed. Therefore, one should not Sefer Torah while the Shirah is read. Acharon Shel Pesach, and we emphasize purchase Chometz at a store owned by a If possible, one avoids beginning the meal mixing the Matzah with the various food non-observant Jew or manufactured by a after the tenth Halachic hour of the day courses and drinks. company owned by a non-observant Jew, begins (3:14pm), in order to enjoy the meal One once again passes his wet hand over unless he is certain that it was stocked or of the second night of Yom Tov. his lips at Mayim Achronim. manufactured after Pesach.