Social Monitoring Report

Semiannual Report September 2018

People’s Republic of China: Comprehensive Agricultural Development Project

Prepared by Ms. Xuemei Zhang for the State Office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development and the Asian Development Bank.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 September 2018)

Currency unit – Chinese Yuan (CNY) CNY1.00 = $6.8705 $1.00 = CNY0.1455

ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank CAD – Comprehensive Agricultural Development COCAD – County office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development EA – Executing agency EMDP – Ethnic minority development plan EMPF – Ethnic minority planning framework FPA – Farmer professional association and/or cooperatives GAP – Gender action plan IA – Implementing agency IPM – Integrated pest management LAR – Land acquisition and resettlement PMO – Project management office POCAD – Provincial office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development PRC – The People’s Republic of China RF – Resettlement framework RP – Resettlement plan SOCAD – The State Office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development WUA – Water users association

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km – kilometer m2 – square meter ha – hectare mu – a Chinese unit of measurement 1 ha – 15 mu

NOTE In this report, "$" refers to US dollars.

This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Comprehensive Agricultural Development Project

Project Number: 43049

Loan 2943-PRC

Consolidated External Social Monitoring Report (January-June 2018)

Prepared by Xuemei Zhang, the Independent Social Monitoring Specialist, for the State Office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development (SOCAD) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) September 2018

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Loan for the Comprehensive Agricultural Development (CAD) Project (the project) in the People’s Republic of China (the PRC) was approved by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on 20 November 2012, has been implemented since 2013.

The impact of the project will be enhanced food security in the PRC. The outcome will be increased agricultural productivity in the project area. The project has three outputs: (i) improved irrigation and drainage infrastructure; (ii) improved agricultural support; and (iii) improved project management.

The project area includes 466 administrative villages in 68 participating counties of the 6 participating provinces. As of 30 June 2016, the project directly benefits 1,013,471 people, including 1,010,638 farmers and 2,833 management staff. Of the total beneficiaries, 66,290 were newly added between January and June 2018. The farmers got benefits by cultivating the improved low-and-medium-yield farmland, and/or the demonstration agriculture, and/or engaged in the trainings and project created jobs etc. The management staff has participated in the project supported domestic and international trainings and/or study tours.

The resettlement framework has been followed by all the participating counties. The Involuntary Resettlement policy of ADB has not been triggered, because no land acquisition and resettlement occurred during the project implementation stage. The project permanent land occupation has been minimized by updating the canals and field roads in their original locations as much as possible, and cutting off curves of the canals. All permanent occupied land was still collectively owned by the communities, and no need to be transferred to state-owned land. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 794.1 mu (equivalent to 52.9 ha) of land have been occupied permanently. Of which, 4 mu were occupied between January to June 2018. Permanently occupied land of each affected household was small, and land loss rate of all affected households was less than 1%. Main reasons of the land occupation were newly constructed irrigation canals/ditches and widened field roads. Compensation for most of the land-occupation affected households was reallocation of same amount of collectively-held farmland in their villages, and the other affected households donated their land and did not ask for compensation. Temporary land occupation has been minimized by conducting the construction work during non-farming seasons, and using ready-mix concrete for improving the canal structures and roads. All temporarily occupied land has been restored immediately after completion of the construction work. Few crops were affected by temporary land occupation in Anhui and Yunnan, which were compensated by the project contractors.

Ethnic minority people equitably participated in the project activities and benefited from the project. Four EMDPs prepared in the beginning of the project implementation have been implemented as planned except that the actual jobs created were less than the targets because more machines instead of manpower were used.

Gender action plan has been implemented as planned except that women’s shares in the

management bodies of the project supported water user associations (WUA) and farmer professional cooperatives/associations (FPAs) were less than the targets. It needs more attention.

Poverty households equitably participated and received benefits from the project. Of the project beneficiaries, 3.9% were the poor, which are 0.3 percentage-points higher than the poverty incidence in the project area in the same period of time.

The project updated irrigation systems and agricultural support were mainly managed and maintained by village committees, the WUAs and/or the FPAs. Management capacities of these agencies should be further strengthened, because sustainable function of the irrigation systems, the field roads and the agricultural facilities largely depend on management capacities of these agencies.

ABBREVIATION

ADB Asian Development Bank CAD Comprehensive Agricultural Development COCAD County office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development EA Executing agency EMDP Ethnic minority development plan EMPF Ethnic minority planning framework FPA Farmer professional association and/or cooperatives GAP Gender action plan IA Implementing agency IPM Integrated pest management LAR Land acquisition and resettlement PMO Project management office POCAD Provincial office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development PRC The People’s Republic of China RF Resettlement framework RP Resettlement plan SOCAD The State Office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development WUA Water users association

CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY II

ABBREVIATION IV

I. INTRODUCTION 1

A. The Project 1 B. Participating Provinces and Counties 1 C. The Project Management Organization 1 D. Social Safeguards Assessment 2 E. Individual External Social Monitoring 2 F. This Report: Consolidated External Social Monitoring 3

II. PROGRESS OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION 3

A. Output 1: Improvement of Irrigation & Drainage Infrastructure 3 B. Output 2: Improvement of Agricultural Support 4 C. Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 4

III. MAJOR FINDINGS 5

A. Project Area 5 B. Summary Project Activities Completed in Total 5 C. Project Direct Beneficiaries 6 D. Consultation and Participation 8 E. Grievance Redress Mechanism 8 F. Situation of Land Occupation 8 G. Implementation Progress of the EMDPs 10 H. Progress of the GAP Implementation 11 I. Socioeconomic Development of the Project Area 12 J. Poverty Reduction 13 K. O&M of Project Supported Infrastructure and Facilities 13 L. Other Social Concerns 13

IV. KEY ISSUES 14

V. RECOMMENDATIONS 14

VI. FOCUSES OF NEXT MONITORING REPORT 14

VII. APPENDIXES 15

A. Project Area by Province 15 B. Summary Activities Completed 18 C. Beneficiaries by Province 29 D. Land Occupation by Province 33 E. Progress of the EMDPs Implementation by Province 36

F. Progress of the GAP Implementation by Province 54 G. Socioeconomic Development by Province 65 H. Operation of the Project 66

LIST OF TABLES Table 1: The Project Participating Provinces and Counties As of 30/06/2018 ...... 1 Table 2: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure by the Project ...... 4 Table 3: Improved Agricultural Support by the Project ...... 4 Table 4: Project Area and Population (As of 30/06/2018) ...... 5 Table 5: Summary Project Activities Completed ...... 5 Table 6: Project Direct Beneficiaries-Farmers (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 7 Table 7: Project Direct Beneficiaries- CAD Officials (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 7 Table 8: Farmer Trainings and Study Tours (as 30/06/2018) ...... 8 Table 9: Permanent Land Occupation (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 9 Table 10: Key Socioeconomic Indicators in the project Area ...... 12

A-table 1: Project Area and the Population in Anhui Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 15 A-table 2: Project Area and the Population in Heilongjiang Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 15 A-table 3: Project Area and the Population in Henan Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 16 A-table 4: Project Area and the Population in Jilin Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 16 A-table 5: Project Area and the Population in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 17 A-table 6: Project Area and the Population in Yunnan Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 18 A-table 7: Summary Activities completed in Total ...... 18 A-table 8: Summary Activities completed in Anhui Province ...... 20 A-table 9: Summary Activities completed in Heilongjiang Province ...... 22 A-table 10: Summary Activities completed in Henan Province ...... 23 A-table 11: Summary Activities completed in Jilin Province ...... 24 A-table 12: Summary Activities completed in Ningxia ...... 26 A-table 13: Summary Activities completed in Yunnan Province ...... 27 A-table 14: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Anhui Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 29 A-table 15: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Heilongjiang Province (as of 30/06/2018) .... 30 A-table 16: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Henan Province (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 30 A-table 17: Project direct beneficiaries in Jilin (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 31 A-table 18: Project direct beneficiaries in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 32 A-table 19: Project direct beneficiaries in Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 32 A-table 20: Permanent Land Occupation in Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 36 A-table 21: Summary Activities Completed in Dumeng County, Heilongjiang Province ...... 37 A-table 22: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dumeng County of Heilongjiang Province 37 A-table 23: Summary Activities Conducted in Hailin City, Heilongjiang Province ...... 39 A-table 24: Progress of EMDP* Implementation in Hailin City of Heilongjiang Province ...... 40 A-table 25: Summary Activities Conducted in Helong City, Jilin Province ...... 41 A-table 26: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Helong City of Jilin Province ...... 42 A-table 27: Summary Activities Completed out in Dunhua City, Jilin Province ...... 43 A-table 28: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dunhua City of Jilin Province ...... 44

A-table 29: Ethnic minority People in the Subproject Areas in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) ... 46 A-table 30: Summary Activities Completed in Lingwu County, Ningxia ...... 46 A-table 31: Ethnic minority Participation in Lingwu in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 47 A-table 32: Summary Activities Completed in Wuzhong-Shizhi, Ningxia ...... 47 A-table 33: Ethnic minority Participation in Wuzhong in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) ...... 48 A-table 34: Participation of Ethnic Minorities (as of 30/06/2018 ...... 49 A-table 35: Summary Activity Completed in Changning County, Yunnan Province ...... 49 A-table 36: Summary Activity Completed in Eryuan County, Yunnan Province ...... 50 A-table 37：Summary Activity Completed in Heqing County, Yunnan Province ...... 51 A-table 38: Summary Activity Completed in Mangshi County, Yunnan Province ...... 51 A-table 39: Summary Activity Completed in Shiping County, Yunnan Province ...... 52 A-table 40: Summary Activity Completed in Yulong County, Yunnan Province ...... 53 A-table 41: Progress of the GAP Implementation ...... 54 A-table 42: Progress of the GAP Implementation in Anhui, Heilongjiang and Henan (as of 30/06/2018)...... 58 A-table 43: Progress of the GAP Implementation in Jilin, Ningxia and Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018)...... 61 A-table 44: Key Socioeconomic Indicators in the Project Area in as of 30 June 2018 ...... 65

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES km – kilometer m2 – square meter ha – hectare mu – a Chinese unit of measurement 1 ha = 15 mu

I. INTRODUCTION

A. The Project

1. The Loan for the Comprehensive Agricultural Development (CAD) Project (the project) in the People’s Republic of China (the PRC) was approved by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) on 20 November 2012. The Loan and the Project Agreements were signed on 5 December 2012 and the Loan became effective on 14 March 2013. The project has been implemented since 2013.

2. The impact of the project will be enhanced food security in the PRC. The outcome will be increased agricultural productivity in the project area. The project has three outputs: (i) improved irrigation and drainage infrastructure; (ii) improved agricultural support; and (iii) improved project management.

B. Participating Provinces and Counties

3. As of 30 June 2018, the project supports the government’s CAD program in 681 counties or cities or districts (collectively the project counties) in six participating provinces and Autonomous Region (collectively the participating provinces) to improve agricultural productivity and enhance the nation’s food security. Table 1 presents the participating provinces and the number of the participating counties.

Table 1: The Project Participating Provinces and Counties As of 30/06/2018 Participating Province/Autonomous Region No. of participating Counties Anhui 8 Heilongjiang 16 Henan 9 Jilin 15 Ningxia 8 Yunnan 12 Total 68

C. The Project Management Organization

4. The State Office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development (SOCAD) in the Ministry of Finance is the executing agency (EA), responsible for the overall planning, coordination, and management of the project. A national project management office (PMO) has been set up within SOCAD to take care of the daily project coordination and management. The six provincial Comprehensive Agricultural Developments (POCADs) are the implementing agencies (IAs) at provincial level, responsible for planning, coordination, and management of the subproject in their provinces. A provincial PMO has been established in each of the six participating provincial office for Comprehensive Agricultural Development (POCAD). The participating county offices for Comprehensive Agricultural Development (COCADs) are implementing agencies at county level.

1 It was 69 participating counties before the midterm adjustment.

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Within each of the COCADs, a county PMO has been set up, which are responsible for the daily implementation of project activities in their jurisdiction.

D. Social Safeguards Assessment

1. Social Safeguards Assessment during the Project Preparation Stage

5. The project was classified as category B for both involuntary resettlement and indigenous peoples, and as category II, effective gender mainstreaming, in the project preparatory technical assistance (PPTA) stage in 2012.

6. Detailed design of the project components could only be prepared when the county PMOs get ready for implementation. Subprojects would be prepared after Board approval. Therefore, an ethnic minority planning framework (EMPF), instead of ethnic minority development plans (EMDPs), and a resettlement framework (RF), instead of resettlement plan (RP), have been prepared for the entire project by the SOCAD in 2012, and approved by ADB. The EMPF and RF provide guides for screening each subproject before its implementation, and preparing EMDPs and/or RP if necessary. A gender action plan (GAP) was developed in the PPTA stage in 2012.

7. The POCADs and COCADs are responsible for screening their subprojects, and preparing EMDP(s) and RP(s) if required. They are also responsible for implementing the GAP in their project areas.

2. Social Safeguards Assessment before the Project Implementation

8. In 2013, before the project implementation, an individual resettlement specialist recruited by ADB advised the POCADs and the COCADs in screening impacts of the project resettlement. The conclusion was that the project just involves some internal voluntary land use and land adjustment, and no land acquisition and resettlement (LAR) would be required in all participating provinces during the project implementation. Therefore, no RP was required for all the six participating provinces.2

9. In 2013, after detailed screening and analysis, four EMDPs had been prepared for four subprojects by the POCADs: two in Heilongjiang and two in Jilin. No EMDP was for the other four participating provinces.3

E. Individual External Social Monitoring

10. External monitoring agencies: Each of the six POCADs has recruited their own external monitoring agency during 2013 and 20144, responsible for monitoring the entire subprojects in their provinces, including implementation of the subprojects, implementation of the environmental plans, and implementation of the social plans.

2 Consolidated External Monitoring Report for Implementation of the Ethnic Minority Development Plans (Q1-Q2 as of 30 June 2018) 3 Consolidated External Monitoring Report for Implementation of the Ethnic Minority Development Plans (Q1-Q2 as of 30 June 2018) 4 External monitoring agencies were recruited for Ningxia in August 2013, Jinlin in Dec 2014 respectively.

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11. Methodology and Methods used by the external monitories agencies include (i) developed social monitoring information system which is included in the project performance management system (PPMS). The responsible people of the subprojects were trained on use of the PPMS. Implementation progress of the social plans is recorded and reported from COCAD to POCAD and further to SOCAD using the PPMS, which enables the monitors to easily track the differences between what was planned and what is actually happened, and to identify any deviation in a timely manner; (ii) site visit. The external monitoring agencies visited almost all the sites of the subprojects. Implementation of the social plans were checked and emphasized during communication between the agencies and the implementers; and (iii) key informant interview, questionnaire survey on affected households, case study, and other relevant methods The interview and survey focused on the results and effects of the project, such as land occupation and restoration, employment opportunities, participation of different social groups, productivities of the relevant crops, income of the affected people, and any other potential risks. The surveys collected an amount of information on the social aspects which also crosscheck the information reported in the PPMS and ensured the veracity of the data.

12. Individual External Social Monitoring Reports: Each of the six external monitoring agencies has prepared its semi-year external social monitoring reports since 2016. The reports were submitted to ADB by the six participating provinces. A Consolidated External Monitoring Report for Implementation of the Ethnic Minority Development Plans (Q1-Q2 as of 30 June 2018) has been prepared by an ADB-recruited consultant in December as of 30 June 2018.

F. This Report: Consolidated External Social Monitoring

13. This report is a consolidated external social monitoring report for the period January to June 2018. The report covers the entire project. It presents implementation situation of the EMDPs, the project land occupations and the GAP. Based on the project progress, the report also assesses the project benefits and beneficiaries, public consultation and participation, operation and maintenance (O&M) of the project supported infrastructure, and socioeconomic development of the project areas, and other social risks.

II. PROGRESS OF THE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

14. The following sections summarize the project implementation progress by output, aiming to understand benefits that the project has already generated for especially local farmers, problems and issues needing be addressed timely and adequately, and risks should be paid close attention.

A. Output 1: Improvement of Irrigation & Drainage Infrastructure

15. Table 2 presents achievement of the output 1. As of 30 June 2018, the project improved irrigation conditions of 109,870 ha of farmland, which should benefit farmers, men and women, non-poor and poor, by increasing agricultural productivities, reducing possibility of drought and/or flooding. Water-saving technology is introduced in 67,031 ha of farmland, which should benefit farmers by reducing production costs and increasing productivities.

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Table 2: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure by the Project

Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Improved Irrigation and drainage ha 117,000 109,760 110 109,870 93.9 infrastructure Surface water irrigation system ha 56,588 69,859 110 69,969 123.6 completed and/or upgraded Tube well (groundwater) irrigation ha 41,183 34,221 34,221 83.1 systems developed and/or improved Water-saving technology promoted ha 74,495 66,651 380 67,031 90.0 WUAs supported No. 68 28 5 33 48.5 Sources: the project PAM, RRP, PPMS and communications with the PMOs during September 2018.

B. Output 2: Improvement of Agricultural Support

16. Achievement of the output 2 is presented in Table 3. As of 30 June 2018, the project enhanced 42,602 ha of soil quality by leveling land, deep plowing and applying balanced fertilizer; updated 1,950 km of agricultural service roads by repairing field roads; improved agricultural practices in 10,572 ha of farmland by introducing integrated pest management (IPM), and agricultural machines, and took control and prevention measures of land degradation in more than 16,365 ha of farmland including planting farm shelter belt and environmental protection forest and/or returning straw to farmland; established or supported 54 farmer professional association and/or cooperatives (FPA); demonstrated modern agricultural technologies including greenhouses, pollution-free and organic agriculture in 18,328 ha of farmland; and provided more than 4,995 person-months trainings to local farmers. Inputs and activities under output 2 were synergized with those under the output 1.

Table 3: Improved Agricultural Support by the Project

Completion As 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Soil quality improved ha 67,138 40,926 1,676 42,602 63.5 Service roads improved km 1,752 1,893 57 1,950 111.3 Agricultural practices improved by ha 9,725 10,439 133 10,572 108.7 introduction IPM Land degradation reduced by returning straw ha 34,861 16,365 16,365 46.9 to Farmer capacity improved by FPA established and/or strengthened No. 66 39 15 54 81.8 Farmer training pm 16,903 4,647 348 4,995 29.5 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 17,634 18,328 0 18,328 103.9 *pm: person month Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the PMOs and external monitoring agencies during September 2018.

C. Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management

17. As of 30 June 2018, the project provided a total of 560 person months of trainings and 175

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person-months study tour to the project management staff.

III. MAJOR FINDINGS

A. Project Area

18. The project area includes 466 administrative villages in the 68 participating counties of the six participating provinces. As of the end of June 2018, there were 1.025 million people in the project villages.6 Of which, 48.8% are female, 0.9% are ethnic minority, and 3.6% were in poverty (Table 4).

Table 4: Project Area and Population (As of 30/06/2018) Participating Participating Project Population province county (#) village (#) Total (persons) Female (%) EM (%) Poverty (%) Anhui 8 61 235,240 47.9 0.0 5.0 Heilongjiang 16 45 70,992 44.8 1.4 4.7 Henan 9 143 219,955 50.6 0.0 4.8 Jilin 15 106 164,157 47.9 6.2 2.9 Ningxia 8 36 63,579 48.7 18.7 0.02 Yunnan 12 76 267,403 49.6 26.8 2.5 Total 68 466 1,021,326 48.8 0.9 3.6 Sources: PMOs of the participating provinces, participating counties and the external social monitoring agencies in September 2018.

B. Summary Project Activities Completed in Total

19. Summary project activities conducted are presented in Table 5. Completion of these activities could benefit local people by providing employment opportunities, access to improved irrigation and agricultural conditions, enhancement of the irrigation water management, while the construction work might also have negative impact such as land occupation. The benefits and possible negative impacts are assessed in the later sections.

Table 5: Summary Project Activities Completed

Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion

Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 56,588 69,969 69,969 123.6 and/or upgraded * Incremental areas ha 8,650 4,538 4,538 52.5 Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 3,852 3,218 63 3,282 85.2 Canal system structures built No. 29,371 122,162 3680 125,842 428.5 Irrigation pumping stations newly constructed No. 78 42 42 53.8 and/or improved 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 41,183 34,221 34,221 83.1 developed and/or improved * Incremental areas ha 30,019 24,246 24,246 80.8

5 Registered population. 6 The figures will be updated in the first half of 2019.

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion

Rate (%) New tube wells constructed No. 7,512 6,924 23 6,947 92.5 Existing tube wells improved No. 799 685 685 85.7 Rural electric cables and accessories installed 1,781 2,960 6 2,966 166.5 Transformers installed 921 414 7 421 45.7 3. Water-saving technology promoted ha 74,854 66,651 380 67,031 89.5 Canals lined km 1,665 1,903 41 1,944 116.8 Low-pressure pipelines installed km 1,326 1,283 6 1,289 97.2 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 2,824 2,808 0 2,808 99.4 Micro-irrigation ha 4 24 24 592.5 Small water storage structures developed No. 19 81 81 426.3 4. WUAs supported No. 85 28 5 33 38.8

Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 67,138 40,926 1676 42,602 63.5 6. Service roads improved km 1,752 1,893 57 1,950 111.3

7. Agricultural practices improved through Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 7,510 3,200 3,200 42.6 Quality seed production increased Ton 4,414 1,313 1,313 29.7 Agricultural machine provided 742 928 8 936 126.1 IPM program introduced on ha 9,725 10,439 133 10,572 108.7 8. Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 2,580 3,057 41 3,098 120.1 Environmental protection forests planted ha 275 183 183 66.6 Straw returned to farmland ha 34,861 16,365 16,365 46.9 9. FPA established and/or strengthened No. 66 39 15 54 81.8 10. Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 17,636 18,328 18,328 103.9 Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 201 33 33 16.5 Pollution-free and/or safe agriculture ha 15,088 17,850 17,850 118.3 demonstrated Organic and/or green agriculture ha 2,345 445 445 19.0 demonstrated Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11 Domestic training pm 3,263 462 9 471 14.4 Oversea training pm 36 53 53 148.1 12 Domestic study tour pm 1,666 153 16 169 10.1 Oversea study tour pm 201 7 7 3.4 Sources: The project PPMS, and the external social monitoring reports (Jan-Jun 2018).

C. Project Direct Beneficiaries

20. As of 30 June 2018, the project benefited a cumulative total of 1,013,471 people directly, comprising 1,010,638 farmers in the project area and 2,833 management staff. The newly added beneficiaries include 65,123 farmers and 167 management staff, who are mainly beneficiaries of newly built roads and updated canals in Yunnan during the period of Jan-Jun 2018.

1. Direct Beneficiary Farmers

21. Farmers have benefited from improved low-and-medium-yield farmlands; demonstrated

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greenhouses, pollution-free and/or safe agriculture, and organic and/or green agriculture, project provided trainings, project supported WUAs and FPAs, and project created employment opportunities. Some farmers have benefited from more than one area. For example, some farmers planted crops in the improved low-and-medium-yield farmland. They also earned more income as workers for the project construction, etc. The project direct farmer beneficiaries are presented in Table 6.

Table 6: Project Direct Beneficiaries-Farmers (as of 30/06/2018) Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH (No.) Total Women EM Poverty (persons) (%) (%) (%) A. Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 253,699 988,903 50.7 11.5 3.8 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Managers and cultivators of demonstration greenhouses 12,294 49,074 53.1 2.2 5.5 C. Cultivators of the pollution-free and/or safe agriculture 15,503 60,553 52.9 4.5 4 D. Cultivators of the organic and/or green agriculture 387 1,757 53.6 100 1.2

E. Pilot solar insect killer lamp 3,390 10,172 50 0 F. Farmer trainees and/or involved in publicity 115,734 44.1 7.7 23.5 G. WUA member (33 WUAs) 24,092 74,973 49.8 24.4 0.1 H. FPA members (54 FPAs) 5,625 19,867 49.8 9.6 0.9 I. Project employment 6,424 6,424 (i) Project construction workers 18,442 18,500 50.8 26.3 8.9 (ii) Employees for project operation 2,270 2,270 42.7 1.4 0.1 As of 30/06/2018 263,279 1,010,638 51.5 11.6 3.9 As of 31/12/2017 246,377 944,515 51.5 10.6 3.9 Jan-Jun 2018 16,902 65,123 51.8 5.8 4.2 Sources: the project PPMS, the six participating provinces’ external monitoring reports (Jan-Jun 2018), communications with the six external monitoring agencies, PMOs of the participating provinces, and some PMOs of the participating counties during September 2018.

2. Direct Beneficiary Management Staff

22. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 2,833 management staff have participated in the project supported trainings and study tours domestically or overseas. Of the total, 35.5% are women (Table 7).

Table 7: Project Direct Beneficiaries- CAD Officials (as of 30/06/2018) Total trainees (persons) Of which, women (%) Anhui 781 40.5 Heilongjiang 483 40.2 Henan 794 28.5 Jilin 389 40.0 Ningxia 215 24.7 Yunnan 171 36.3 As of 30/06/2018 2,833 35.5 As of 31/12/2017 2,666 34.9 Jan-Jun 2018 167 45.7

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Sources: the project PPMS, and the external social monitoring reports of the six participating provinces in Sept. 2018.

D. Consultation and Participation

23. During the project implementation, the participating counties and provinces conducted a large number of inclusive consultations in forms of publicity on the project, assessment farmer training needs for development of training details, consultation with farmers for making annual work plans, survey of individual households for deeply understanding the project results, and so on.

24. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 745 trainings/publicity/study tours in 5,168 person-months were provided to 115,110 farmers. Of the participants, 51.1% are women, and 5.5% were farmers from poverty households (Table 8). Of the total trainings, 358 were provided between January-June 2018.

Table 8: Farmer Trainings and Study Tours (as 30/06/2018) Training Training inputs (person-months) Participants No. Total Publicity Technical WUA FPA Total Women Poverty training (person) (%) (%) Anhui 72 654.4 415.3 232.2 6.9 9,727 56.5 6.5 Heilongjiang 129 1,064.0 712.0 342.0 10.0 32,984 53.4 4.8 Henan 85 276.0 102.8 173.2 7,242 50.7 4.2 Jilin 196 1,015.9 325.3 675.6 15.0 28,583 48.3 4.6 Ningxia 168 1,233.4 693.7 515.5 10.7 13.5 17,445 42.0 3.1 Yunnan 95 924.3 373.0 432.0 28.0 91.3 19,753 41.2 10.0 As of 30/06/2018 745 5,168.1 2,622.1 2,370.6 48.7 126.7 115,734 48.4 6.4 As of 31/12/2017 696 4,809.6 2,378.8 2,266.3 44.3 102.2 111,867 48.2 5.5 Jan-Jun 2018 49 358.4 243.4 104.2 4.3 24.5 3,867 55.6 34.0 Sources: the project PPMS, and the external social monitoring reports of the six participating provinces in Sept 2018.

E. Grievance Redress Mechanism

25. The six participating provinces have established their own grievance redress mechanisms during the project implementation. Project related information boards including contact details were set up in the project area. People can complain and ask for solutions using the four-layer mechanism: from village management committees, up to the project county PMOs, further to municipality PMOs, and at last to the Provincial PMOs. Farmers can also directly complain to county or provincial PMO. As of 30 June 2018, no complain was from the villagers.

F. Actual Impacts of Land Occupation

1. Permanent Land Occupation

26. The resettlement framework has been followed by all the participating counties. The Involuntary Resettlement policy of ADB was not triggered, because no land acquisition and resettlement occurred during the project implementation stage. The project permanent land occupation has been minimized by updating the canals and field roads in their original locations as

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much as possible, and cutting off curves of the canals. All permanent occupied land was still collectively owned by the communities, and no need to transferred to state-owned land. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 794.1 mu (equivalent to 52.9 ha) of land have been occupied permanently (Table 9). Of which, 4 mu were occupied between January to June 2018. Land loss area of each affected household was small, and land loss rate of all affected households was less than 1%. Main reasons of the land occupation were newly constructed irrigation canals/ditches and widened field roads. Compensation for most of the land-occupation affected households was reallocation of same amount of collectively-held farmland in their villages, and the other affected households donated their land and did not ask for compensation.

Table 9: Permanent Land Occupation (as of 30/06/2018) Land occupied (mu) Affected Affected Affected Land Land villages HH people occupied occupied Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 (No.) (No.) (persons) (mu/HH) (mu/person) Anhui 0.2 17.3 55 1,993 7,329 0.009 0.001 Heilongjiang 0.0 0.5 45 0 0 0 0 Henan 0.0 9.4 115 3,130 12,725 0.003 0.001 Jilin 0.0 3.2 3 8 22 0.4 0.145

Ningxia 0.0 1.0 36 Yunnan 3.8 762.7 38 12,380 48,614 0.06 0.015 Total 4.0 794.1 293 17,250 68,485 0.044 0.011 Sources: the project PPMS, the six participating provinces’ external social monitoring reports (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the external monitoring agencies and PMOs at provincial and county levels during Sept 2018.

27. The main reasons for permanent land occupation in Yunnan include construction of new service roads, new canals and drainage ditches, and widening the old field roads. For example, in Qilin subproject area, construction of a new canal of 36 km long and 1 m wide occupied 55.3 mu of farmland, and widening and lengthening a old service road from 2.1 km long and 2.2 m wide to 13.8 km long and 4.5 m wide permanently occupied 86.3 mu of farmland. Permanent land occupation in the other is little. Main reasons are construction of the new tube wells, irrigation pumping stations, and cutting off curves of the irrigation canals. Actually, cutting off the curves of the irrigation canals saved more farmland than newly occupied. Detailed information on the permanent land occupation by the participating provinces is presented in section D of the appendixes.

28. The compensation measures vary across the provinces and from one subproject to another. In Anhui, Heilongjiang, Henan, and Jilin, the permanently occupied land was mainly due to construction of the new tube wells and the irrigation pumping stations. Each well occupied 2 m2 of farmland in Henan and Heilongjiang, 0.5 m2 in Anhui, and 0.5 m2 to 8 m2 in Jilin. The new tube wells were constructed in the zone between field roads and the farmland in Heilongjiang, occupied the collectively held land, and did not occupied individual farmer’s land. The total occupied land area was small and land loss of the households was little. The affected households were offered priorities to use the irrigation water and to be employed in maintenance of the irrigation systems. The affected households did not ask for other compensation.

29. In Ningxia, only cutting-off the irrigation curves led to a little amount of permanently

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occupied farmland. The affected households were compensated with either reduction of compulsory labour contribution or getting same amount of the collectively-held farmland.

30. In Yunnan, most of the permanently occupied farmland was compensated with reallocation of pieces of collectively-held farmland. In some subproject areas, the affected households donated the land and did not ask for any compensation. For example, construction of field roads in Yiliang subproject area permanently occupied 0.1 mu farmland of Mr. Hongbin’s family. His family has more than 5 mu of farmland and donated the occupied farmland.

31. As of 30 June 2018, no households complain about the land occupation and the compensation.

2. Temporary Land Occupation

32. Impact of temporary land occupation was minimized by conducting the project construction work in non-growing seasons, occupying non-farmland, using ready-mix concrete, etc. All the temporary occupied land has been restored immediately after completion of the project construction work. As of 30 June 2018, no villagers complain about the temporarily occupied land.

33. Compensation measures to the temporarily occupied land vary from one place to another. In Heilongjiang, Henan, Jilin and Ningxia, almost all construction work was conducted during off-farming seasons, and restored immediately after completion of the construction. No crops were affected. Affected households did not ask for any compensation.

34. In Anhui and Yunnan, some crops were cleared and some trees were cut down for the project construction work in some project villages. The trees cut down were given to the affected households. The project replanted saplings free of charge as compensations to the affected households. The crop-clearance affected households were compensated with cash by the project contractors.

G. Implementation Progress of the EMDPs

1. Progress of the four EMDPs’ implementation

35. As far as the project activities completed, most actions in the four EMDPs have been implemented as planned. The project information was disclosed to both Han and ethnic minority people during the implementation phase. Ethnic minority people were equitably and culturally appropriately consulted in their villages in both Standard Chinese and ethnic minority people’s languages including Mongolian and Korean. Potential negative impact such as land occupation and construction disturbance was avoided, minimized, or mitigated by taking technical and management measures. For example, the project improved the canals by cutting off their curves, and upgraded bridges, culverts, and other irrigation system structures in their original locations. Detailed implementation progresses of the four subprojects are presented in A-table 22 to A-table 28.

36. The only target which has not yet been met is related to the project created employment opportunities. It is stated in the EMDPs for Dumeng and Hailin subprojects in Heilongjiang

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Province that the project would create 390 unskilled employment opportunities for local farmers, with 270 being taken by women and ethnic minority. However, the subproject created only 30 unskilled jobs in Dumeng and 140 unskilled jobs in Hailin, because most of the activities were taken over by machines. Moreover, most of the Korean farmers moved away from their villages to South Korea for better jobs. Employment opportunities taken by ethnic minority people are less than the targets.

2. Participation of the Ethnic Minority People in Ningxia and Yunnan

37. Although no EMDP has been prepared for Ningxia and Yunnan subprojects, this report also assessed participation of ethnic minority people in these two subprojects, because in general, more ethnic minority people are living in Ningxia and Yunnan than in most provinces in China. This report assesses ethnic minorities’ participation in the subproject areas where ethnic minority people accounts for more than 10% of the total population. In total, ethnic minorities’ participation in two participating counties in Ningxia and six participating counties in Yunnan are assessed.

38. In Ningxia, rural ethnic minority people accounts for 18.7% of the total rural population in the project area. Of the ethnic minority people, 93% are Hui people (A-table 5). The ethnic minority people concentrated in Wuzhong and Linwu subproject areas, accounting for 44.2% and 75.1% of the total people respectively. Hui villagers can well speak Mandarin. No much difference is between the Hui people and Han people in terms of land contracted and cropping system. In these subprojects, the ethnic minorities equitably participated in and benefit from the project. Detailed information is presented in section E of the Appendixes.

39. Although no EMDP was submitted to ADB, the subprojects, especially Wuzhong and Lingwu, have developed key principles to maximize benefits to the ethnic minority people while minimize the possible negative impact: (i) equal consultation with ethnic minority people; (ii) equal access to the provided trainings; (iii) equal access to the project created opportunities; (iv) equal participation in the project supported WUAs; and (v) equal participation in the project supported FPAs. All these principles have been followed during the project implementation except the ethnic minorities’ participation in the project supported trainings. (A-table 31 and A-table 33)

40. Similar situation is in Yunnan. In the subproject areas, ethnic minority farmers equitably participated in the project trainings. The trainings were provided in both Mandarin and/or ethnic minority languages whenever necessary. Detailed information is presented in the section E of the appendixes.

H. Progress of the GAP Implementation

41. Generally speaking, the GPA has been implemented as planned. The project information was equitably disclosed to both men and women during the project implementation phase. Women and men were equitably involved in the publicity campaigns, equitably engaged in the farmer training needs assessment for development of training details, and equitably consulted for making the annual work plans. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 791 trainings/publicity/study tours in 5,198 person-months were provided to 113,474 farmers. Of the participants, about half (48.4%) are women. Of the farmer trainings, 76.6% were organized in villages. Of the 26,352

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employment opportunities created by the project, 50.8% were taken by women.

42. The project supported and strengthened 33 WUAs with 24,096 members and 153 managers. Of the total members, 37.3% are women. Of the total managers, 28.1% are women. The project supported 54 FPAs with 5,625 members and 276 managers. Among the members, 34.6% are women. Among the managers, 28.5% are women. Women’s share in the WUA management bodies has not yet met the target.

43. More than 30% of the people engaged in the project consultation and participation for the project decision making are women. Trainings on gender awareness and the GAP implementation provided to the project management staff. The six provincial ACWFs’ capacities in thematic skills related to community empowerment and gender issues was improved by participating in provincial level project meetings, workshops, and trainings. Capacities of county and village women federations have also enhanced by participating in the county level project meetings for the project designs, implementation, monitoring, workshops, and trainings related to leadership and thematic skills.

44. Detailed information on the GAP implementation is presented in A-table 41 in the section F in the appendix. GAP implementation by each of the six participating province is presented in A-table 42 and A-table 43.

I. Socioeconomic Development of the Project Area

45. Socioeconomic data for 2018 are not available so far. The data for 2017 is used here, and will be updated next time.

46. With support of the project, the irrigation and agricultural conditions have been improved, and the farmer’s capacity was enhanced, the grain production has increased by 20% in as of 30 June 2018 over that in 2009, the yield of grain, cash crops and vegetable also increased a lot over those in 2010 (Table 10). .

Table 10: Key Socioeconomic Indicators in the project Area Targets* 30/06/20187 Completion rate (%) Grain production Anhui, Heilongjiang, Henan, and Jilin ton 662,700 713,784 107.7 Ningxia and Yunnan ton 211,300 239,608 113.4 Yields Grain crop Ton/ha 7.31 8.69 118.9 Cash crop Ton/ha 2.41 10.87 451.0 Vegetable Ton/ha 32.0 35.47 110.8 Rural net income8 CNY/person 4,012 9,476 *: targets of yields are for 2018, and production and rural net income are for 2020. Sources: the project PPMS, the six participating provinces’ external social monitoring reports (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the external monitoring agencies and PMOs at provincial and county levels during September 2018.

47. Major grain crops in the project area include wheat, maize, rice, potato, and bean. Major

7 Socioeconomic indicators for 2018 are not available so far and can only be available in the first half of 2019. 8 The rural incomes are at current prices of the years

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cash crops include tobacco, rapeseed, cotton, water melon, and apple. The figures of outputs and yields of the crops were mainly got from survey of the county and township agricultural departments.

J. Poverty Reduction

48. Poverty data for 2018 are not available so far. The data for as of 30 June 2018 is still be used here, and will be updated next time.

49. Rural poverty reduced rapidly over the past years in the project area and in China. Although the poverty incidence in the project area as a whole decreased to 3.6% in as of 30 June 2018, in some subproject areas, such as Linquan in Anhui, Fuyu in Heilongjiang, Xiangfu in Henan, Helong in Heilongjiang, and Zhaoyang in Yunnan, there were still a lot of people living in poverty as of 30 June 20189. The project paid much attention to the poor’s participation during the period January-June 2018.

K. O&M of Project Supported Infrastructure and Facilities

50. Use rights of the project supported irrigation systems, service roads, agricultural machines, demonstration greenhouses belong to the local residents in the project area. The ownerships vary to some degree across the participating counties. In general, after completion of the construction work, ownership of the project supported canal structures and irrigation systems will be transferred to township governments and/or village committees, who are responsible for managing and maintaining the systems. The project village committees will also take care of the project supported service roads. The project provided agricultural machines are used and managed either by farmer cooperatives, or individual households, or the village as a whole, while ownership of some machines belongs to the township government. For example, 6 tractors provided by the project are used and managed by 6 villages in Woyang County, and owed by the township government. The tractors services for planting and harvest for poor households are free of charge and for non-poor are at market prices. Income generated from the tractor services was shared by the villages and the township government. The township governments utilize the income for poverty reduction in the project area.

51. The project supported farm shelterbelts and environment protection forests either belong to and cared by individual farm households if planted in the individual cultivated land or belong to and cared by villages if planted in the village collectively held land.

52. During January to June 2018, Anhui, Jinli and Ningxia made efforts to support development of WUAs and FPAs. Some new WUAs and FPAs have been established. Management mechanisms of these organizations need to be highly strengthened.

L. Other Social Concerns

As of 30 June 2018, no other social risk has been identified.

9 Poverty incidence in 2018 can only be available in the first half of 2019.

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IV. KEY ISSUES

53. The following issues are identified and need be appropriately and adequately addressed: (i) operation and maintenance mechanism of the project upgraded irrigation systems and supported agriculture facilities need be further strengthened; (ii) management systems of the WUAs and FPAs are not perfect and needs be further improved; and (iii) women’s participation especially in the management bodies of the WUAs and FPAs are lower than the targets in the GAP, and needs be promoted.

V. RECOMMENDATIONS

54. The following recommendations are for the Project

1. Further strengthening management capacity of the WUAs

55. Some WUAs are just established and some WUAs’ have extended their responsible irrigation areas. The WUAs are responsible for sustainable irrigation of a large amount of farmland. Their management capacity needs be further strengthened. The capacity building will focus on establishing and improving rules and regulations of the WUAs’ operation.

2. Building management capacity of the project villages

56. The project improved irrigation systems and service roads are taken care by the project villages together with water resources administrative departments at township or county levels. Management capacity of the villages is crucial for sustainable function of the above mentioned items. It is better that the project further enhance the villages’ management capacity technically and/or financially. Not every project village has their WUAs. Without WUA, the project supported irrigation systems are and will be managed and maintained by the project villages. Their capacity needs be enhanced.

3. Promoting women’s participation in the WUA&FPAs management

57. In the management bodies of some WUAs and FPAs, women account for less than 35% of the total, which has not yet achieved the GAP targets. To encourage and facilitate more women to participate in the WUAs and the FPAs management, and play more roles.

VI. FOCUSES OF NEXT MONITORING REPORT

58. The next external social monitoring report will focus on the following areas: management situation of the WUAs and the FPAs; (ii) management mechanisms of the project supported irrigation systems, the service roads, the project provided agricultural machines; and (iii) women’s participation in the management bodies of the WUAs and the FPAs.

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VII. APPENDIXES

A. Project Area by Province

59. Socioeconomic information for 2018 is not available so far and can only be available in the first half of 2019. Therefore, socioeconomic information for as of 30 June 2018 is still used in the section.

1. In Anhui

60. The project area in Anhui includes 61 villages in the 8 participating counties, with a total population of 235,240 people as of 30 June 2018. Of which, 47.9% are female, and 5.0% were in poverty. Poverty incidence in Linquan, Yingquan, Yingzhou and Jieshou was over 5% as of 30 June 2018 (A-table 1).

A-table 1: Project Area and the Population in Anhui Province (as of 30/06/2018) Participating county Administrative Population Villages (#) Total (persons) Female (%) Poverty (%) Mengcheng 4 27,200 47.2 4.3 Woyang 8 26,000 47.1 1.8 Funan 8 28,300 47.9 4.7 Jieshou 11 36,400 47.8 5.0 Linquan 6 32,100 48.2 9.0 Taihe 7 21,430 47.3 2.0 Yingquan 7 31,670 48.3 6.0 Yingzhou 10 32,140 49.1 5.2 Total (8) 61 235,240 47.9 5.0 Source: Anhui Provincial PMO and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

2. In Heilongjiang

61. Heilongjiang subproject area includes 44 villages in the 16 participating counties, with a total population of 70,992 people from 21,330 households as of 30 June 2018. Of which, 44.8% are female, and 4.7% were in poverty. As of 31 December as of 30 June 2018, poverty incidence in Fuyu subproject area was as high as 16.2%, and in Ning’an, Qing’an and Raohe was all higher than 5% (A-table 2).

A-table 2: Project Area and the Population in Heilongjiang Province (as of 30/06/2018) Participating Administrative Households Population county Villages (No.) (No.) Total (persons) Female (%) Poverty (%) Binxian 4 3,578 15,382 35.0 1.0 Yufu 5 5,034 13,193 47.2 16.2 Hailin 1 264 629 44.4 0.3 Ning’an 3 1,030 3,600 48.0 5.0 Fujin 5 883 2,842 48.5 0 Huachuan 3 2,136 6,211 61.3 2.0 Huanan 1 340 1,057 51.0 1.5 Qing’an 2 843 3,628 45.7 5.3 Wangkui 1 750 3,000 40.0 3.0 Dumeng 1 1,278 3,240 48.4 3.0

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Participating Administrative Households Population county Villages (No.) (No.) Total (persons) Female (%) Poverty (%) Luobei 4 1,216 4,041 46.6 2.3 Suibin 6 734 2,232 47.0 3.0 Baoqing 2 1,425 5,700 40.0 0.5 Raohe 2 263 1,057 40.0 6.0 Hulin 3 844 2,833 53.7 2.0 Neijiang 1 712 2,347 37.5 2.6 Total (16) 44 21,330 70,992 44.8 4.7 Source: Heilongjiang Provincial PMO and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

3. In Henan

62. Henan subproject area covers 143 administrative villages in the 9 participating counties. Total population in the project area was 219,955. Among the total population, 50.6% are female. Subproject areas of Xiangfu and Qixian had more poverty people, who need more attention. (A-table 3)

A-table 3: Project Area and the Population in Henan Province (as of 30/06/2018) Participating county Administrative Population Village (#) Total (person) Female (%) Poverty (%) Zhongmou 5 6,100 49.5 0.4 Changyuan 30 30,012 60.0 1.2 Lankao 12 19,133 49.1 1.1 Mengzhou 5 10,951 50.0 0.5 Qinyang 34 52,906 50.0 2.4 Xiangfu 20 34,425 49.3 16.5 Qixian 25 41,530 50.0 7.0 Yanjin 8 17,816 50.1 0 Xinzheng 4 7,082 33.3 0 Total (9) 143 219,955 50.6 4.8 Source: Henan Provincial PMO and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

4. In Jilin

63. Subproject area in Jilin Province scatters over 106 administrative villages in the 15 participating counties. There were 164,157 people in the project area as of 30 June 2018. Of which, 47.9% are female. Over 10% of the total population in Helong and Taobei subprojects were in poverty in as of 30 June 2018. Those people need more attention. Attention also need be paid to 5% of the poor in Dongliao subproject area. (A-table 4).

A-table 4: Project Area and the Population in Jilin Province (as of 30/06/2018) Participating county Administrative Population Village (#) Total (person) Female (%) Poverty (%) Taobei 19 21,000 49 10.0 Jiutai 9 7,365 49.7 0.4 Shuangyang 7 11,900 45 2.5 Dehui 3 9,597 46 2.0 Nong’an 6 13,846 46 0.0 Yushu 7 18,200 45 0.5 Lishu 3 6,540 49 1.4 Dongliao 8 12,050 49 5.0 Dongfeng 3 3,427 49 0.0 Changyi 12 21,832 56 0.1

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Participating county Administrative Population Village (#) Total (person) Female (%) Poverty (%) Liuhe 7 11,825 49.7 0.0 Meihekou 7 8,116 47 1.1 Huinan 7 8,230 45 0.0 Dunhua 4 5,050 48 2.8 Helong 4 5,179 48 19.9 Total (15) 106 164,157 47.9 2.9 Source: Jilin Provincial PMO and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

5. In Ningxia

64. Subproject area in Ningxia consists of 36 administrative villages in the 8 participating counties. Of the total 63,579 people in the project areas as of 30 June 2018, 48.7% are female, 18.7% were ethnic minority people, and 17.4% were Hui Ethnicity. That is, 93% of the ethnic minority people were Hui Ethnicity. Poverty incidences in the project villages were all less than 1% (A-table 5). Poverty incidences in the project villages are much lower than that in the other part of Ningxia for two major reasons. One is that the project area is flat and historically has less poverty incidence than the other part.10 Second is that the villagers benefited a lot from the project. With introduction and improvement of the irrigation systems, the dryland in the project villages has changed to irrigated land. With the irrigated farmland, some households shifted cropping system from grain crop-focused to cash-crop focused, which generated more income. Some households transferred use rights of the irrigated land to others and moved outside the village for wage work. Before the project, the dryland could not be transferred. The households got income from both transferring the land at CNY 10,500-CNY 12,000 per hectare, and wage income from non-farm jobs.

A-table 5: Project Area and the Population in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) Population Participating Administrative Total Female Ethnic Minority Hui ethnic Poverty county Village (#) (person) (%) (%) group (%) (%) Helan 3 5,051 48.9 6.0 5.1 0 Lingwu 4 4,180 48.5 75.1 70.1 0.26 Nongken 2 3,164 48.9 7.4 6.9 0 Yongning 2 9,043 48.2 1.9 1.5 0 Qingtongxia 6 5,751 46.45 8.2 7.1 0.04 Wuzhong-Shizhi 7 16,788 49.2 44.2 40.2 0 Pingluo 5 2,013 48.8 5.0 4 0.45 Zhongwei 7 17,589 49.2 0.3 0.3 0.08 Total (8) 36 63,579 48.7 18.7 17.4 0.02 Source: Ningxia PMO and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

6. In Yunnan

65. Yunnan subproject area includes 76 administrative villages in the 12 participating counties,

10 Poverty population in Ningxia are mainly concentrated in the southern part of the Region, that is, Liupan Mountain area. The project area is located in the northern part of Ningxia

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with a total 74,320 people as of 30 June 2018. Of the total population, 49.7% were female, and 26.2% were ethnic minority people. The minority population involves 9 ethnic minority groups. Ethnic minority people of Dai, Naxi, Bai, Yi, Lisu, and Miao in some of the subproject villages account for over 10% of the total population (A-table 6). Equitable participation of the ethnic minority people in those participating counties needs more attention. Participation of the poor should also be paid adequate attention.

A-table 6: Project Area and the Population in Yunnan Province (as of 30/06/2018) Participating Village Rural HH Population county (#) (#) Total Women Poverty EM Dai Naxi Bai Yi Lisu Miao Hui Tibetan Pumi (persons) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) Changning 7 2,358 8,252 47.4 4 14.4 6.9 7.5 Tengchong 10 5,080 25,400 51.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 Yaoan 6 7,407 29,867 46.7 5.0 3.2 1.6 1.6 Eryuan 13 7,109 21,326 49.9 2.0 78.0 77.3 0.7 Heqing 9 7,953 25,256 50.2 0.92 80.5 0.2 80.1 0.2 Mangshi 1 1,719 8,239 50.0 1.89 95.0 95.0 Shiping 5 9,241 25,226 54.2 40.1 40 .1 Yiliang 6 16,725 54,799 50.1 0.1 0 Songming 2 1,390 5,659 48.8 0 Yulong 8 5,176 22,000 46.9 5.0 63.9 37.8 4.2 19.6 1.3 1 Qilin 5 6,460 24,575 49.6 0 Zhaoyang 4 4,739 16,804 47.9 10.0 0.5 0.5 Total (12) 76 75,357 267,403 49.6 2.5 26.8 3.3 3.1 14.1 4.0 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 Source: Yunnan county PMOs and the external monitoring agency in September 2018.

B. Summary Activities Completed

66. The project activities conducted in total and by province are presented in the following sections. Based on the activities, the project beneficiaries, land occupation situation, implementation of the EMDPs and the GAPs, and other related issues are assessed.

a. Summary Activities Completed in Total

67. Summary activities completed by the project are presented in A-table 7.

A-table 7: Summary Activities completed in Total

Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 56,588 69,969 110 70,079 123.8 and/or upgraded * Incremental areas ha 8,650 4,538 4,538 52.5 Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 3,852 3,218 63 3,282 85.2 Canal system structures built 122,162 3,680 125,842 * Bridges No. 9,566 7,518 141 7,659 80.1 * Weirs No. 226 6 6 2.7 * Culverts No. 6,838 4,778 140 4,918 71.9 * Gates No. 2,580 3,839 13 3,852 149.3 * Aqueducts No. 399 169 169 42.4 * Drop structures No. 98 491 11 502 512.2 * Inverted siphons No. 15 3 3 20.0 * Overflow weirs No. 2 0.0

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) * Outlet structures No. 7,161 3,741 49 3,790 52.9 * Tail water No. 2,486 1,155 15 1,170 47.1 Irrigation pumping stations newly constructed No. 78 42 42 53.8 and/or improved * Newly constructed No. 9 9 9 100.0 * improved No. 69 33 33 47.8 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 34,221 41,183 34,221 83.1 developed and/or improved * Incremental areas ha 30,019 24,246 24,246 80.8 New tube wells constructed No. 7,512 6,924 23 6,947 92.5 Existing tube wells improved No. 799 685 685 85.7 Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 1,781 2,960 6 2,966 166.5 Transformers installed No. 921 414 7 421 45.7 3. Water-saving technology promoted ha 74,854 66,651 380 67,031 89.5 Canals lined km 1,665 1,903 41 1,944 116.8 Low-pressure pipelines installed km 1,326 1,283 6 1,289 97.2 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 2,824 2,808 2,808 99.4 Micro-irrigation ha 4 24 24 592.5 Small irrigation storage structures developed No. 19 81 81 426.3 * newly constructed No. 11 59 59 536.4 * improved No. 8 22 22 275.0 4. WUAs supported No. 85 28 5 33 38.8 Start-up (CNY10,000) 106 4 4 3.8 Buildings m2 244 0.0 Training and study pm 929 40 4 44 4.8 Water-measuring equipment set 54 0.0 Equipment set 106 45 151 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 67,138 40,926 1,676 42,602 63.5 Field leveled ha 19,540 10,355 435 10,790 55.2 Land deep plowed ha 25,846 14,308 435 14,743 57.0 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 27,546 16,262 806 17,068 62.0 6. Service roads improved km 1,752 1,893 57 1,950 111.3 7. Agricultural practices improved through Quality seed production area expanded ha 1,226 3,200 3,200 261.0 Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 7,510 0.0 Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 56,400 0.0 Quality seed production increased tons 4,414 1,313 1,313 29.7 Agricultural machine provided set 742 928 8 936 126.1 IPM program introduced on ha 9,725 10,439 133 10,572 108.7 * equipment set 555 2,204 202 2,406 433.5 * vehicle No. 9 0.0 8. Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 2,580 3,057 41 3,098 120.1 Environmental protection forests planted ha 275 183 183 66.5 Straw returned to farmland ha 34,861 16,365 16,365 46.9 9. Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened No. 66 39 15 54 81.8 training and study tours organized pm 1,534 87 7 94 6.1 instruments and equipment financed set 412 153 49 202 49.0 Farmer training pm 16,903 4,572 4,572 27.0 publicity and start up 6,382 2,349 243 2,593 40.6

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%)

technical training 10,521 2,298 104 2,402 22.8 10. Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 17,634 18,328 18,328 103.9 Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 201 33 33 16.4 greenhouse equipment provided set 16,971 319 319 1.9 civil work constructed m2 686,110 686,110 Pollution-free and/or safe agriculture ha 15,088 17,850 118.3 demonstrated, including 17,850 Equipment provided set 911 669 669 73.4 Declarations supported No. 16 1 1 2 12.5 Organic and/or green agriculture demonstrated ha 2,345 445 445 19.0 Equipment provided set 273 0.0 Declarations supported No. 12 0.0 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11. Training of project management staff Domestic training pm 3,262 462 9 471 14.4 Oversea training pm 36 53 53 148.1 12. Study tour of project management staff Domestic study tour pm 1,666 153 16 169 10.1 Oversea study tour pm 201 7 7 3.4 Sources: the project PPMS and the external monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

b. Summary Activities Completed in Anhui Province

A-table 8: Summary Activities completed in Anhui Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 600 8,907 0 8,907 1,484.5 and/or upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 1,058 495 0 495 46.8

Canal system structures built * Bridges No. 2,675 1,115 33 1,148 42.9 * Culverts No. 2,639 2,258 140 2,398 90.9 * Gates No. 61 9 1 10 16.4 Irrigation pumping stations constructed No. 7 1 1 14.3 * Newly constructed No. 4 1 1 25.0 * improved No. 3 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 17,083 10,707 10,707 developed and/or improved 0 62.7

New tube wells constructed No. 3,746 3,082 23 3,105 82.9

Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 16 0.0 Transformers installed No. 59 39 7 46 78.0

3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 16,626 0.0

Canals lined km 8 0.0 Low-pressure pipelines installed km 103 93 6 99 96.0 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Micro-irrigation ha 30 0.0 4 WUAs supported No. 59 8 2 10 16.9

Start-up (CNY10,000) 100 2 2 2.0 Buildings m2 292 0.0 Training and study pm Equipment set 4 4 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 9,675 550 550 5.7

Field leveled ha 1,200 0.0 Land deep plowed ha 2,620 200 200 7.6 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 350 350 6. Service roads improved km 274 270 36 306 111.8

7 Agricultural practices improved through

Quality seed production area expanded ha 6

Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 450

Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 1,200

Quality seed production increased tons 16

Agricultural machine provided set 144 47 191 IPM program introduced on ha 480 480 including equipment and vehicle set 240 240 8. Land degradation reduced through

Farm shelter belts planted ha 336 178 16 194 57.6 Straw returned to farmland ha 10,970 320 320 2.9 9. Farmer capacity improved through

FPA established and/or strengthened no. 24 6 8 14 58.3 training and study tours organized pm 13 5 3 8 63.2

instruments and equipment financed set 3 0.0

Farmer training pm * publicity and start up pm 291 249 166 415 142.6 * technical training pm 1,164 196 36 232 19.9 10 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha

Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 19 2 2 12.1

greenhouse equipment provided set 61 61 civil work constructed m2 1,000 1,000 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11 Training of project management staff pm

Domestic training pm 1,827 63 1 64 3.5 Oversea training pm 4 0.0 12 Study tour of project management staff pm

Domestic study tour pm 251 16 1 17 6.8 Oversea study tour pm 35 Sources: the project PPMS and the Anhui monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

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c. Summary Activities Completed in Heilongjiang Province

A-table 9: Summary Activities completed in Heilongjiang Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/ 2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 13,986 11,859 11,859 84.8 and/or upgraded

Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 507 248 248 49.0 Irrigation system structure built

* Bridges No. 66 24 24 36.4 * Culverts No. 603 793 793 131.5 * Gates No. 133 64 64 48.1 * Aqueducts No. 15 8 8 53.3 * Drop structures No. 16 16 16 100.0 Outlet structures No. 2,599 58 58 2.2 Irrigation pumping stations constructed 2 1 1 50.0 * Newly constructed 1 0.0 * improved 1 1 1 100.0 2 Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 4,330 3,211 3,211 74.2 developed and/or improved *New tube wells constructed No. 249 193 193 77.5 *Existing tube wells improved 0 Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 36 36 36 100.0 Transformers installed No. 16 17 17 106.3 3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 12,220 10,635 10,635 87.0 Canals lined km 201 136 136 67.8 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 1,150 1,802 1,802 156.7 4 WUAs supported No. 6 3 3 50.0 Buildings m2 4 10 10 250.0 Training and study pm 16 0.0 Water-mearing equipment set 10 0.0 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 7,495 7,229 7,229 96.4 Field leveled ha 5,329 3,063 3,063 57.5 Land deep plowed ha 4,960 2,353 2,353 47.4 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 4,564 1,813 1,813 39.7 6. Service roads improved km 264 277 277 105.1

7 Agricultural practices improved through

Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 3,900 3,200 3,200 82.1

Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 17,600 0.0 Quality seed production increased tons 1,313 1,313 Agricultural machine provided set 137 150 150 109.5 IPM program introduced on ha 1,000 2,225 2,225 222.5 including equipment and vehicle set 27 31 31 114.8

8. Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 243 642 642 264.2 Straw returned to farmland ha 1,370 1,185 1,185 86.5 9. Farmer capacity improved through

FPA established and/or strengthened no. 2 2 2 100.0 * training and study tours organized pm 100 0.0 * instruments and equipment financed set 24 5 5 20.8

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/ 2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Farmer training pm 2,059 0.0 * publicity and start up pm 254 712 712 280.3 * technical training pm 1,805 342 342 18.9 10. Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha

Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 5 1 1 11.1 * greenhouse equipment provided set 36 114 114 316.7 * civil work constructed m2 352,900 352,900 Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture ha 2,140 14,844 14,844 693.6 demonstrated * Equipment provided set 124 1 1 0.8 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11 Training of project management staff pm Domestic training pm 75 125 15 140 186.7 Oversea training pm 4 30 30 750.0 12 Study tour of project management staff pm

Domestic study tour pm 92 20 20 22.2 Oversea study tour pm 16 5 5 31.3 Sources: the project PPMS and the Heilongjiang monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

d. Summary Activities Completed in Henan Province

A-table 10: Summary Activities completed in Henan Province

Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed and/or ha 500 1,467 1,467 293.4 upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 514 542 542 105.4 Irrigation system structure built

* Bridges No. 855 974 974 113.9 * Culverts No. 1,603 253 253 15.8 * Gates No. 20 2 2 10.0 Irrigation pumping stations constructed No. 15 10 10 66.7 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 16,813 18,490 18,490 110.0 developed and/or improved New tube wells constructed No. 3,215 3,410 3,410 106.1 Existing tube wells improved No. 788 685 685 86.9 Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 1,694 2,689 2,689 158.7 Transformers installed No. 823 320 320 38.9 3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 13,510 15,003 15,003 111.1 Canals lined km 26 33 33 126.8 Low-pressure pipelines installed km 1,171 1,190 1,190 101.6 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 3 Micro-irrigation ha 222 4 WUAs supported No. 1 1 1 100.0 Start-up (CNY10,000) 2 2 Buildings m2 60 0.0

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Training and study pm 2 0.0 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 18,193 10,962 10,962 60.3 Field leveled ha 2,826 900 900 31.8 Land deep plowed ha 5,620 5,687 5,687 101.2 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 6,837 4,375 4,375 64.0 6. Service roads improved km 628 648 648 103.2 7 Agricultural practices improved through IPM program introduced on ha 606 3,343 133 3,476 573.6 including equipment and vehicle set 1,160 200 1,360 8. Land degradation reduced through 9 0.0

Farm shelter belts planted ha 578 2,160 25 2,185 378.1 Straw returned to farmland ha 12,864 9,917 9,917 77.1 9. Farmer capacity improved through

FPA established and/or strengthened no. 7 6 6 85.7 * training and study tours organized pm 177 0.0 * instruments and equipment financed set 65 60 60 92.3 Farmer training pm 2,290 251 251 11.0 * publicity and start up pm 711 80 23 103 14.5 * technical training pm 1,579 171 2 173 11.0 10 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 672 118 118 17.6 Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 72 18 18 25.1 * greenhouse equipment provided set 1,499 0.0 * civil work constructed m2 0 184,550 184,550 * declarations supported 3 0.0 Pollution-free and/or safe agriculture 600 100 16.7 demonstrated, including 100 * Equipment provided 300 125 125 41.7 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11 Training of project management staff pm

Domestic training pm 868 167 8 175 20.1 Oversea training pm 4 12 12 305.0 12 Study tour of project management staff pm

Domestic study tour pm 733 35 6 42 5.7 Oversea study tour pm 12 2 2 15.0 Sources: the project PPMS and the Henan monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

e. Summary Activities Completed in Jilin Province

A-table 11: Summary Activities completed in Jilin Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1 Surface water irrigation system completed and/or ha 14,484 17,687 93 17,780 122.8 upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 449 1,813 1,813 403.9 Irrigation system structure built Bridges No. 159 418 47 465 292.5

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Culverts No. 141 359 359 254.6 Gates No. 155 381 5 386 249.0 Aqueducts No. 26 9 9 34.6 Drop structures No. 4 8 8 200.0 Inverted siphons No. 14 2 2 14.3 Overflow weirs No. 2 0.0 Outlet structures No. 916 385 385 42.0 Irrigation pumping stations constructed no. 17 16 16 94.1 Newly constructed no. 1 5 5 500.0 improved no. 16 11 11 68.8 2 Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems developed ha 2,508 1,813 1,813 72.3 and/or improved * Of which, incremental area ha 2,300 1,472 1,472 64.0 New tube wells constructed No. 302 236 236 78.1 Transformers installed No. 31 31 Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 62 62 3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 11,446 7,614 7,614 66.5 Canals lined km 201 125 6 131 65.2 Low-pressure pipelines installed km Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 992 992 992 100.0 Micro-irrigation ha 1 0.0 Movable flexible pipes supplied km 20 0.0 Small water storage structure improved No. 8 19 19 237.5 4 WUAs supported No. 10 3 3 6 60.0 Start-up (CNY10,000) 9 0.0 Buildings m2 80 0.0 Training and study pm 619 0.0 Equipment set 36 10 46 Water-mearing equipment set 44 2 2 4.5 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5 Soil quality improved ha 7,665 5,489 5,489 71.6 Field leveled ha 4,525 1,847 1,847 40.8 Land deep plowed ha 1,400 1,857 1,857 132.6 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 1,786 1,786 1,786 100.0 6 Service roads improved km 155 303 10 314 202.5 7 Agricultural practices improved through Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 1,700 0.0 Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 11,600 0.0 Quality seed production increased tons 25 0.0 Agricultural machine provided set 208 113 5 118 56.7 IPM program introduced on ha * including equipment and vehicle set 20 298 2 300 1,500.0 8 Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 673 30 30 4.5 Environmental protection forests planted ha 65 175 175 269.2 Straw returned to farmland ha 2,540 950 950 37.4 9 Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened no. 30 11 6 17 56.7 * training and study tours organized pm 804 15 15 1.9 * instruments and equipment financed set 131 72 24 96 73.3 Farmer training pm 3,431 1,001 1,001 29.2 * publicity and start up pm 1,751 325 325 18.6

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) * technical training pm 1,680 676 676 40.2 10 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 6 3 3 59.3 * greenhouse equipment provided set 337 144 144 42.7 Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture demonstrated, ha 2,989 20 0.7 including 20 * Equipment provided set 83 21 21 25.3 Declarations supported no. 6 0.0 Organic and/or green agriculture demonstrated ha 1,575 0.0 Equipment provided set 133 0.0 Declarations supported no. 7 0.0 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 11 Training of project management staff pm Domestic training pm 270 32 32 11.9 Oversea training pm 4 0.0 12 Study tour of project management staff pm Domestic study tour pm 235 0.0 Oversea study tour pm 30 0.0 Sources: the project PPMS and the Jilin monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

f. Summary Activities Completed in Ningxia

A-table 12: Summary Activities completed in Ningxia Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed and/or ha 10,696 13,780 13,780 128.8 upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 1,183 1,684 63 1,747 147.7 Irrigation system structure built Bridges No. 2,861 2,211 54 2,265 79.2 Weirs No. 226 0.0 Culverts No. 174 319 319 183.3 Gates No. 536 521 7 528 98.5 Aqueducts No. 357 147 147 41.2 Drop structures No. 78 467 11 478 612.8 Inverted siphons No. 1 0.0 Outlet structures No. 3,646 521 521 14.3

Tail water outlets No. 2,486 1,155 1,155 46.5 Irrigation pumping stations constructed no. 26 10 10 38.5 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 205 0.0 developed and/or improved Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 29 2 2 6.9 Transformers installed No. 22 4 4 18.2 3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 10,151 12,769 12,769 125.8 Canals lined km 787 1,216 21 1,236 157.1 Low-pressure pipelines installed km 8 0.0 Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 366 0.0

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) 4 WUAs supported No. 30 9 9 30.0 Start-up (CNY10,000) 30 0.0 Training and study pm 2 4 6 Equipment set 64 9 73 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 17,744 870 15,388 14,518 86.7 Field leveled ha 5,110 4,049 435 4,484 87.7 Land deep plowed ha 9,828 4,212 435 4,647 47.3 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 7,140 6,258 6,258 87.6 6. Service roads improved km 204 123 10 133 65.4 7 Agricultural practices improved through Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 1,260 0.0 Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 26,000 0.0 Quality seed production increased tons 4,048 0.0 Agricultural machine provided set 111 123 3 126 113.5 IPM program introduced on ha 4,909 3,292 3,292 67.1 including equipment and vehicle set 198 300 300 151.5 8. Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 550 44 44 7.9 Environmental protection forests planted ha 54 0.0 Straw returned to farmland ha 5,100 2,876 2,876 56.4 9. Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened no. 2 6 6 300.0 * training and study tours organized pm 265 4 5 8 3.2 * instruments and equipment financed set 154 16 16 10.4 Farmer training pm * publicity and start up pm 290 585 54 639 220.5 * technical training pm 471 471 26 497 105.5 10 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 7,702 0.0 Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 84 0.0 * greenhouse equipment provided set 15,021 9 9 0.1 Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture ha 7,617 2,515 33.0 demonstrated, including 2,515 * Equipment provided set 179 22 22 12.3 * Declarations supported no. 1 0.0 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management

11 Training of project management staff pm Domestic training pm 48 92 92 191.8 Oversea training pm 16 10 10 63.3 12 Study tour of project management staff pm Domestic study tour pm 180 25 6 32 17.8 Oversea study tour pm 60 0.0 Sources: the project PPMS and the Ningxia monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

g. Summary Activities Completed in Yunnan

A-table 13: Summary Activities completed in Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

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Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 16,322 17,626 17 17,643 108.1 and/or upgraded

Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 141 89 89 63.2

Irrigation system structure * Bridges No. 2,905 2,776 7 2,783 95.8

* Culverts No. 1,678 796 796 47.4 * Gates No. 1,675 2,854 2,854 170.4 Irrigation pumping stations constructed no. 11 0.0 * Newly constructed No. 3 3 3 100.0 * Improved No. 8 1 1 12.5 2. Tube well (groundwater) irrigation systems ha 244 0.0 developed and/or improved

New tube wells constructed No. 3 3

Rural electric cables and accessories installed km 6 3 3 46.2 Transformers installed No. 1 3 3 300.0

3 Water-saving technology promoted ha 10,542 17,376 17,376 164.8 Canals lined km 442 389 14.4 403 91.2

Low-pressure pipelines installed km 44 64 64 146.5

Sprinkler irrigation installed ha 316 0.0 Small water storage structure developed No. 11 62 62 563.6 (new)

4 WUAs supported No. 8 4 4 50.0 Start-up (CNY10,000) 8 0.0 Training and study pm 28 28 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 5. Soil quality improved ha 6,366 2,178 2,178 34.2

Field leveled ha 550 497 497 90.4 Land deep plowed ha 1,418 0.0 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 7,219 1,681 806 2,487 34.5 6. Service roads improved km 227 270 0.4 271 119.2

7 Agricultural practices improved through

Quality seed storage warehouse constructed m2 1,220 0.0

Quality seed drying areas constructed m2 200 0.0

Quality seed production increased tons 307 0.0

Agricultural machine provided set 286 345 345 120.6 IPM program introduced on ha 3,210 1,099 1,099 34.2 including equipment and vehicle set 310 175 175 56.5

8 Land degradation reduced through

* Farm shelter belts planted ha 200 2 2 1.2 * Environmental protection forests planted ha 156 8 8 5.3 * Straw returned to farmland ha 2,035 1,117 1,117 54.9

9 Farmer capacity improved through

FPA established and/or strengthened no. 1 8 8 800.0

* training and study tours organized pm 175 91 91 52.2

* instruments and equipment financed set 35 0.0

Farmer training pm * publicity and start up pm 3,085 373 373 12.1 * technical training pm 3,822 392 40 432 11.3

10 Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha 2,528 0.0

Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 16 0.0 * greenhouse equipment provided set 26,700 26,700

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Completed Completed Completed Completion Rate (%) Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture ha 1,742 371 371 21.3 demonstrated, including

* Equipment provided set 225 500 500 222.2

Declarations supported no. 5 0.0

Organic and green agriculture demonstrated ha 770 445 445 57.7

Equipment supported set 140 0.0 Declarations supported No. 5 0.0 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management

11 Training of project management staff pm Domestic training pm 175 15 15 8.5 Oversea training pm 4 0.0

12 Study tour of project management staff pm Domestic study tour pm 175 55 3 58 33.1 Oversea study tour pm 48 0.0 Sources: the project PPMS and the Yunnan monitoring reports for Jan-Jun 2018.

C. Beneficiaries by Province

1. In Anhui

68. As of 30 June 2018, the Anhui subproject directly benefits 239,220 rural people. Of the rural beneficiaries, 31,866 were newly added between January and June 2018. Of the rural people, some also got benefits from the project demonstration greenhouse, the farmer trainings, and the project supported WUAs and the FPAs (A-table 14).

A-table 14: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Anhui Province (as of 30/06/2018) Item Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH Total Women Poverty (No.) (person) (%) (%) A. Cultivators/contractors of the improved low-and-medium-yield 57,013 235,240 47.9 3.9 farmland B. Owners and employees of demonstration greenhouses 300 1,200 46.0 12.0 C. Trainees i. Trained farmers 9,727 56.5 15.7 ii. Trained project staff 769 769 38.5 D. WAU member 897 3,588 31.7 3.3 E. FPA member 824 3,2976 41.0 5.2 F. Project Employment in construction and operation i. Project construction workers 3,980 3,980 37.7 16.5 ii. Employees for project operation 71 71 42.3 As of 30/06/2018 60,993 239,220 49.1 4.1 As of 31/12/2017 54,916 207,354 48.9 4.0 Jan-Jun 2018 6,077 31,866 49.0 4.2 * include managers and operators of the WUAs and FPAs. Source: the project PPMS, the Anhui external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Anhui PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

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2. In Heilongjiang

69. As of 30 June 2018, the Heilongjiang subproject directly benefits a total of 64,210. Of the rural beneficiaries, 75 were newly added between January and June 2018. Part of the rural people also got benefits from the project supported other activities, such as demonstration greenhouses, demonstration pollution-free and/or green agriculture, farmer trainings, the WUAs and the FPAs (A-table 15).

A-table 15: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Heilongjiang Province (as of 30/06/2018) Item Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH Total Women EM Poverty (No.) (person) (%) (%) (%) A.Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 13,780 53,381 54 1.5 4.8 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Cultivators of the demonstration greenhouses 2,350 10,345 54 2.4 9 C. Pollution-free and/or green agriculture 13,780 53,381 54 1.5 4.8

D. Trainees i. Farmers 32,984 53.4 1.4 7.5 ii. Project staff 483 483 E. WAU member 110 426 54.5 * F. FPA members 250 968 54.5 ditto

G. Project employment i. project construction worker 1,250 51 6 5.8

ii. Employees for project operation 26 26 50 As of 30/06/2018 14,263 64,210 53.7 1.5 4.9 As of 31/12/2017 14,188 64,135 53.7 1.5 4.9 Jan-Jun 2018 75 75 41 *: the three WUAs are all not in ethnic minority area ** include managers and operators of the WUAs and FPAs. Source: the project PPMS, the Heilongjiang external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Heilongjiang PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

3. In Henan

70. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 185,514 direct beneficiaries in Henan subproject. Of the rural beneficiaries, 1,175 were newly added between January and June 2018. Of the rural people, some got benefits from various project activities such as the pilot solar insect killer lamps, the demonstration pollution-free and/or sage agriculture, the farmer trainings, the WUA, and the FPAs (A-table 16).

A-table 16: Beneficiaries of the subprojects in Henan Province (as of 30/06/2018) Item Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH Total Women Poverty (No.) (person) (%) (no.) A. Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 42,383 182,726 50.8 5.2 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Pilot solar insect killer lamp 9,548 37,229 50 C. Cultivators of demonstration pollution-free and/or safe 1,100 4,686 50.1 agriculture D. Trainees

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i. Trained farmers 7,242 48.3 4.2 ii. Trained project staff 714 26 E. WAU member 215 925 48.5 F. FPA member 518 2,228 48.5 G. Project employment 6424 6424 i. project construction worker 4,390 62.1 ii. Employees for project operation 1,898 1,898 56.1 As of 30/06/2018 44,281 185,514 50.9 5.3 As of 31/12/2017 43,996 184,339 50.8 5.2 Jan-Jun 2018 285 1,175 51 5.5 Source: the project PPMS, the Henan external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Henan PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

4. In Jilin

71. As of 30 June 2018, Jilin subproject directly benefits 167,017 people (A-table 17). Of the rural beneficiaries, 5,898 were newly added between January and June 2018. In addition to the benefits from the improved low-and-medium-yield farmland, some of the rural people also received benefits from the demonstration greenhouses, the pollution-free and/or safe agriculture, the trainings, and the project supported WUA and FPAs.

A-table 17: Project direct beneficiaries in Jilin (as of 30/06/2018) Item Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH Total Women EM Poverty (No.) (person) (%) (%) (no.)

A. Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 38,763 165,560 48.6 6.8 2.9 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Greenhouse demonstrated 12 45 48.6 C. pollution-free and/or safe agriculture demonstrated 23 86 48.6 0 D. Trainees i. Trained farmers 28,583 39.3 3.6 4.6 ii. Trained project management staff 389 389 40.0 E. WAU members 2,023 6,069 48.5 F. FPA members 1,035 3,105 48.5 G. Project employment i. project construction workers 2,355 2,355 29.4 ii. Employees for project operation 49 49 20.1 As of 30/06/2018 39,234 167,017 48.6 6.9 2.9 As of 31/12/2017 37,549 161,119 48.6 6.8 2.9 Jan-Jun 2018 1,685 5,898 48.9 41.7 4.4 Source: the project PPMS, the Jilin external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Jilin PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

5. In Ningxia

72. As of 30 June 2018, the Ningxia subproject directly benefits 63,916 (A-table 18). Of the

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rural beneficiaries, 122 were newly added between January and June 2018. Of the total rural beneficiaries, 48.8% were female, 18.7% were ethnic minority people.

73. Some of the above beneficiaries also get benefits from the demonstration greenhouses, the demonstration pollution-free agriculture, the project provided trainings, the project created jobs, and the project supported WUAs, and FPAs (A-table 18).

A-table 18: Project direct beneficiaries in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH (No.) Total Women EM (%) The poor (person) (%) (%)

A. Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 20,611 63,579 48.8 18.7 0.02 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Managers and cultivators of the 3 demonstration 48 123 48.8 12.3 0.01 greenhouses C. Cultivators of the demonstration pollution-free and/or safe 3,390 10,172 48.4 14.9 0.02 agriculture D. Trainees

i. Trained farmers 5,806 17,445 48.0 16.5 0.03

ii. Trained project staff 215 215 1.0

E. WAU members 20,741 63,995 48.4 30.1 0.02

F. FPA members 1,109 3,327 48.4 18.7 0.03

G. Project employment

i. project construction worker 3,602 3,602 50.6 15.3 0.02

ii. Employees for project operation 111 111 29.3 12.5 0.01 As of 30/06/2018 21,658 64,569 48.8 22.3 0.02 As of 31/12/2017 21,408 63,794 48.8 18.7 0.02 Jan-Jun 2018 250 775 50.1 80.1 0.02 Source: the project PPMS, the Ningxia external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Ningxia PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

6. In Yunnan

74. As of 30 June 2018, a total of 290,108 direct beneficiaries in the Yunnan subproject. Of the rural beneficiaries, 26,334 were newly added between January and June 2018. Of the beneficiary farmers, some also got benefits from the project supported demonstration greenhouses, demonstration pollution-free and/or safe agriculture, demonstration organic and/or green agriculture, FPAs, WUAs, trainings, and the project created jobs (A-table 19).

A-table 19: Project direct beneficiaries in Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018) Beneficiary Beneficiaries HH (No.) Total Women EM (%) The poor (person) (%) (%) A. Farmers: cultivators/contractors of the improved 81,149 288,417 53.6 30.9 2.5 low-and-medium-yield farmland B. Cultivators of the demonstration greenhouses 36 132 53.6 0 8.3 C. Cultivators of the demonstration pollution-free and/or 600 2,400 53.6 37.4 10.1 safe agriculture D. Cultivators of the demonstration organic and/or green 387 1,757 53.6 100 1.2

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agriculture E. Trainees i. Trained farmers 19,753 40.6 52.8 10.1 ii. Trained project staff 384 384 E. WAU members 110 450 32.7 13.7 1.9

G. FPA members 1,889 8,501 31.7 15.8 1.9 H. Project employment i. Project construction worker 8,505 8,505 49.3 64.7 23.3 ii. Employees for project operation 115 115 21 20.9 0.9 As of 30/06/2018 82,850 290,108 53.7 30.9 2.5 As of 31/12/2017 74,320 263,774 53.6 30.9 2.5 Jan-Jun 2018 8,530 26,334 53.8 5.1 2.8 Source: the project PPMS, the Yunnan external social monitoring report (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with the Yunnan PMO and the external monitoring agency during September 2018.

D. Land Occupation by Province

1. In Anhui

75. Permanent land occupation was mainly due to the constructed 3,084 tube wells. each well occupies 1.1 m2 -1.52 if with no house, and 7m2 if with house. Other activities with permanent land occupation include one constructed irrigation pumping station-occupied 42 m2 of land, and improvement of canals by cutting off curves, and upgrading the field roads. In general, cutting off curves of the canals increased farmland, not decreased farmland.

76. In total, 17.26 mu of land was permanent occupied as of 30 June 2018. Of which, 0.22 mu were occupied between Jan-Jun 2018 due to building 2 new wells and 4 well houses. The land areas were scattered in 55 villages, affected 7,329 people from 1,993 households. Every household lost less than 1 m2 of land. The affected households donated the land, and did not ask for any compensation.

77. Impact of temporary land occupation was minimized by upgrading the irrigation system structures in their original locations as much as possible, in non-growing seasons, and restoring immediately after completion of the project construction work. Most of the temporarily occupied land was unused land, and occupied for keeping the construction materials. The occupation time varied from a few days to dozen of days. A large share of the temporarily occupied land was unused land and was free of charge. A little of farmland temporarily occupied were compensated by the project contractors in cash.

78. As of 30 Jun 2018, a total of 7,539 trees were cut down for improvement of bridges, roads, etc. affected 1,069 households with 4,361 people. The timbers were given to the households. After completion of the construction, tree saplings were planted by the project as compensation to the affected households. No affected people complain about land occupation.

2. In Heilongjiang

79. No any civil work was done in Heilongjiang subproject area between Jan-Jun 2018. That is, no any permanent and temporary land occupation.

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80. As of 30 June 2018, in Heilongjiang, except the constructed 193 tube wells which permanently occupied land, the other irrigation structures and agricultural roads were all improved in their original locations and did not lead to new land occupation. All the new tube wells are small. The diameter of the each well is only 0.4 m, occupied 0.5 m2 of land. In total, less than 100 m2 of land were permanently occupied. All the wells were located in the zones between the farmland and the field roads. The land areas were collectively held, and were not contracted to individual households. The occupied land did not directly affect individual households. The ownership of the land areas still belong to the villages. No compensation was required.

81. Impact of temporary farmland occupation has been minimized by conducting all the project construction work in the off-farming seasons which was usually during April and May, and using ready-mix concrete for the project construction. All temporarily occupied land was restored immediately after completion of the construction work. No crop and other structure were affected.

3. In Henan

82. No any civil work was done in Henan subproject area between Jan-Jun 2018. That is, no any permanent and temporary land occupation.

83. As of 30 June 2018, in total, 9.39 mu of farmland has been permanently occupied, which was mainly due to the newly constructed 3,410 tube wells, about 2 m2 per well. The other activities leading to permanently land occupation are the improving the irrigation systems and field roads. All the canal system structures and field roads were improved in their original locations. The canal were improved by cutting off the curves, which saved permanently occupied land for some households while occupied a little, less than 1 mu, of farmland belong to other farmer households. The occupied land is scattered over 115 villages in the 9 subprojects, affected 3,130 households with 12,725 people, 0.3 mu per household on average.

84. All the newly constructed tube wells are located in farmland contracted by individual households. All the affected households were compensated with “first using the well for irrigation and first available for being recruited to maintain the irrigation system” instead of cash.

85. Impact of temporary farmland occupation has been minimized by using ready-mix concrete for improving the bridges, culverts, and roads, and no construction material is kept in the construction sites. Transformer stations were established on the roadside and did not occupy cultivated land. Electric cabals and accessories were installed during off-farming seasons and completed within 3 to 5 days. All temporarily occupied land was restored immediately after completion of the construction work. No crop and other structure were affected.

4. In Jilin

86. As of 30 June 2018, construction of the subprojects in Jilin permanently occupied 3.2 mu of land, which was due to the newly constructed 236 tube wells, the 5 irrigation pumping stations11, improvement of the canals, and field roads. The 90 tube wells in Taobei subproject area have no

11 The 5 irrigation pumping stations were in Meihekou City, Tonghua Municipaity.

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well house. Each occupies 0.5 m2 of farmland. The 84 tube wells in Nong’an subproject area have well houses. Each occupied 8 m2 of farmland. The 62 tube wells in Lishui subproject area also have well houses. Each occupied 9 m2. The 3 irrigation pumping stations, each being 60 m2 in size, were established at the beginning of the canal systems, partly occupied the canals, and partly occupied the sides of the canals. The stations do not farmland was newly occupied.

87. Very little land was occupied by upgrading the irrigation canals and structures, and the other agricultural support. The permanent occupied farmlands by the tube wells were scattered in four subprojects12, affected 22 people from 8 households. The affected households are highly happy with construction of the wells and did not ask for any compensation. In the other words, they donated the land to construction of the wells, because the wells will make their farmland access to good irrigation conditions.

88. Impact of temporary land occupation was minimized by constructing the irrigation system structures in off-farming seasons, usually was during later March to early May. All the temporary occupied land has been restored immediately after completion of the project construction work. No crop and other structure were affected.

5. In Ningxia

89. No any civil work was done in Ningxia subproject area between Jan-Jun 2018. That is, no any permanent and temporary land occupation.

90. As of 30 June 2018, very little land was occupied permanently due to improvement of the irrigation canals by cutting off the curves. No new tube well was constructed. All the other irrigation structures and agricultural roads were improved in their original locations. Farm shelterbelts and environmental protection trees were planted in places adjacent to but outside farmland. All the land is collectively held, and did not affect individual households. Total permanent occupation land was about 1 mu, which were scattered over the 36 project villages. For example, improvement of 22.69 km of canals in Zhongwei subproject in March as of 30 June 2018 permanently occupied 0.08 mu farmland, and improvement of and 28.23 km of canals in Pingluo subproject occupied 0.1 mu farmland.

91. The affected households were compensated either by reallocating a piece of collectively-held land, or by reducing compulsory labor contribution to the village activities. For example, Yaofu Village in Pingluo subproject area compensated the affected 2 households with the village collectively-held farmland, while affected households in villages in Zhongwei subproject area were compensated with reduction of their compulsory labor contribution to the village.

92. Impact of temporary land occupation was minimized by constructing the irrigation system structures in off-farming seasons. All construction work of the subprojects was carried out in non-growing seasons, that is, at the end of the first year (after harvest) and/or at the beginning of the next year (before planting). All the temporary occupied land has been restored immediately after completion of the project construction work. No household asked for compensation. No crop and other structure were affected.

12 They are Beian. Taobei, Lishu and Meihekou subprojects.

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6. In Yunnan

93. The permanent farmland occupation has been minimized by keeping the irrigation system structures and agricultural service roads in their original locations as much as possible, and designing the lines of the roads and irrigation canals with full consultation of the affected famers.

94. As of 30 June 2018, a total of in total, the subprojects permanently occupied 762 mu of land, which were mainly resulted from newly construction and upgrade of the service roads. The permanently occupied land areas are scattered over 38 administrative villages, affected 12,380 farmer households with 48,614 people. On average, 0.06 mu of land per household, or 0.015 mu of land per capita, was permanently occupied (A-table 20). The land loss rate is about 1%.

A-table 20: Permanent Land Occupation in Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018) Participating county Land permanently Affected Affected Affected Of which, occupied (mu) village (No.) household people EM people (No.) (person) (%) Eryuan 16.8 3 165 495 84.8 Mangshi 325.0 15 41 163 92.0 Qilin 148.74 5 4,522 17,203 0.0 Yao’an 180.0 6 7,407 29,867 3.1 Yiliang 9.4 8 46 158 0.0 Zhaoyang 82.8 2 219 788 0.0 As of 30/06/2018 762.7 39 12,400 48,674 3.0 As of 31/12/2018 758.9 38 12,380 48,614 3.0 Jan-Jun 2018 3.8 1 20 60 83.3 Sources: the project PPMS, the Yunnan external social monitoring report (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with PMOs of the project counties in March 2018.

95. The affected households either donated their land if the land area is small, or compensated by reallocating same amount of collectively held farmland in their villages. The villages have pieces of collectively held farmland.

96. The specific implementation schedules of the subproject were made based on full consultation of households who were possibly affected. Impact of temporary land occupation was minimized by using ready concrete, using wasteland to store construction materials and facilities, and constructing the irrigation system structures in non-growing time. If temporarily occupied farmland could not be avoided, the subproject managers and the village committees discussed with the possibly affected households together to delay or not plant any crop in the land area. Income loss from the affected crops or due to delay or no planting was compensated by the project contractors.

97. The construction work periods vary from a few days to about three months. All the temporary occupied land has been restored immediately after completion of the project construction work.

E. Progress of the EMDPs Implementation by Province

1. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Heilongjiang

98. There are two EMDPs in Heilongjiang. One is with Dumeng subproject and the other is

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with Hailin subproject

a. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dumeng Subproject

99. Summary Activities Completed in Dumeng: As of 30 June 2018, a total of 2.2 km of canal in the project area has been upgraded. The improved canal service 226 ha of farmland, cultivated by 1,278 households in Taihe village. Farmers, Han and ethnic minority, men and men, in the village were trained on techniques of saving water resource (A-table 21).

A-table 21: Summary Activities Completed in Dumeng County, Heilongjiang Province Items Unit Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/ 2018 Target Conducted Conducted Conducted Completed/ Target (%) 1. Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Surface water irrigation system ha 226 226 226 100 completed and/or upgraded Canal Improved and/or built km 2.2 2.2 2.2 100 2. Improved Agricultural Support Soil quality improved through ha Fields leveled ha 154 0 0 0 Land deep plowed ha 154 0 0 0 Farmer training pm 20 20 20 100 publicity and start up pm 16 16 16 100 Technical training pm 4 4 4 100 Sources: the project PPMS and Heilongjiang external social monitoring report for Jan-Jun 2018.

100. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dumeng: As of 30 June 2018, for the activities completed, most actions in the EMDP have been implemented as planned, except created employment opportunities. The project information was disclosed to both Han and ethnic minority people during PPTA phase and the project implementation phase. Ethnic minority people were equally and culturally appropriately consulted in their villages in both Standard Chinese and Mongolian. Potential negative impact such as land occupation, construction disturbance was mitigated by taking technical and management measures. The project benefits to the ethnic minority people were maximized by following the affirmative action requirements, such as at least 40% of the farmer trainees will be women and ethnic minority people. The EMDP estimated that the subproject could create 390 jobs. Actually, the subproject generated only 30 jobs (A-table 22). Most of the construction work was done by machines and by the employees of the contractors. Local women farmers did not prefer to work outside in the cold during later March to early May. The 5 women workers for the project are all something related to logistics. Many ethnic minority migrated away from the village to urban areas for wage work.

A-table 22: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dumeng County of Heilongjiang Province Proposed action Indicator and Target Progress as of 30/06/2018 1. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Project information will be Ethnic minority people in Done disclosed to ethnic minority people the two project villages During PPTA, a number of consultations in the project villages. with ethnic minority people During implementation, project information disclosed to the project village by organizing

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Proposed action Indicator and Target Progress as of 30/06/2018 village meetings in local dialect, farmer group discussions, etc. Equal and culturally appropriate Ethnic minority farmers in Done consultation of ethnic minority the two villages Before and during the project people on project implementation implementation, inclusive consultations with Han and Ethnic minority people, women and men, non-poor and poor in the villages in both Mandarin and Mongolian 2. Mitigation Measures Minimize land occupation, In the two project villages Done. permanent and temporary The planned 2.2 km of canals has been improved before 2016. Improvement of the canal was had no permanent land occupation. The canal was improved during off-farming season, which minimized impact of temporary land occupation. Restore the temporarily occupied Ditto Done farmland timely Very little, less than 0.5 mu of farmland was occupied temporarily during the construction. All the temporarily occupied land had been restored immediately after completion of the construction,. Protect ethnic monitories from the Ethnic minority people in Done project construction interference, the project area The canal is located far away from the such as noise, dust residential communities. The project construction had no negative impact on the ethnic minorities. Minimize project construction Farming transport in the Minimized. disturbance to farming transport two project villages The canal was conducted in non-farming seasons, which had no disturbance to farming transport 3. Beneficial Measures Create 390 unskilled jobs during the Create 270 jobs provided to Of the created 30 jobs. Of which, 16.7% project implementation, and women and ethnic minority were taken by women, and 20% by ethnic provide 270 jobs to women and people minority people. ethnic minority people Improve irrigated area for 6,579 Irrigation conditions in the Done people in 2 administrative villages two villages benefiting The project was implemented only in Taihe including 47% of Mongolians 3,090 Mongolians Village, not two villages. Of the total population, 88.07% are Han ethnicity, 11.72 are Mongolian ethnicity, and 0.21% was the other ethnic minority people. The project improved irrigation conditions of 226 ha of farmland, which are cultivated by the villagers, including all the Mongolians. Provide training to farmers on Farmer training given in Done. water-saving and agricultural Mandarin and Mongolian The trainings were in both Chinese and techniques in both Chinese and Mongolian Mongolian, with at least 40% of At least 40% of trainees are 58% of trainees are women women trainees and ethnic women 15% of the trainees are ethnic minorities, minorities which is higher than 11.93%, the percentage of ethnic minority people in the total population. *The original EMDP was separated in various areas. This EMDP is reformatted form of the original EMDP by the external social monitoring specialist in March 2018. Sources: Monitoring report on EMDP implementation in Dumeng County by the external monitoring agency for the subprojects in Heilongjiang, and the project PPMS.

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b. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Hailin Subproject

101. Summary activities completed in Hailin subproject is shown in A-table 23. As of 30 June 2018, a number of canal system structures, such as bridges and culverts, were built. Agricultural service roads were upgraded, machines were provided, and modern agricultural facilities and techniques such as greenhouse and pollution free agriculture were introduced in the project villages. The improved irrigation conditions and agricultural facilities are concentrated on the 906 ha of farmland, cultivated by 264 households in Sanjiazi Village13. Farmers, Han and ethnic minority, men and women, in the villages were trained on techniques of water saving related techniques, cultivation of facility agriculture, and so on.

A-table 23: Summary Activities Conducted in Hailin City, Heilongjiang Province

As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 unit Completion Conducted Conducted Completed Completion Targets rate (%) 1. Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Surface water irrigation system ha 1,666 906 906 54 completed and/or upgraded Canal system structure built Bridges no. 614 6 6 100 Culverts no. 20 20 20 100 Gates no. 5 5 5 100 Drop structures no. 10 10 10 100 Water-saving technology km 16 16 16 100 promoted through canals lined 2. Improved Agricultural Support Service roads improved km 7 7 7 100 provision of tractors unit 1 1 1 100 Farmer training pm 54 54 54 100 publicity and start up pm 41 36 36 88 Technical training pm 13 16 16 138 Demonstration greenhouses ha 4 3.11 3.11 78 constructed Pollution-free and/or safe ha 1,666 906 906 54 agriculture demonstrated 3. Improved Project Management Domestic training provided Pm 5 5 5 100 Sources: the project PPMS and Heilongjiang external social monitoring report for Jan-Jun 2018.

102. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Hailin subproject. For the activities completed in Hailin, the proposed actions included in the EMDP have been completed as planned as of 30 June 2018. The project information was disclosed to both Han and ethnic minority people during PPTA phase and the project implementation phase. Ethnic minority people were equally and culturally appropriately consulted in their villages in both Standard Chinese and Korean. Potential negative impact such as land occupation, construction disturbance was mitigated by taking technical and management measures. The project benefits to the ethnic minority people were maximized by following the affirmative action requirements, such as at least 40% of the farmer trainees will be

13 The current Sanjiazi Village is combination of the previous Sanjiazi Village and Liltte Sanjiazi Village in the PPTA phase. 14 Spans of the bridges vary from 4 to 10 m.

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women and ethnic minority people. Progress of the EMDP implementation in Hailin City is presented in A-table 24.

A-table 24: Progress of EMDP* Implementation in Hailin City of Heilongjiang Province Proposed Action Indicators and Targets Progress as of 30/06/2018 1. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Project information will be Ethnic minority people Done disclosed to ethnic minority in the two project During PPTA, a number of consultations with people in the project villages. villages ethnic minority people During implementation, project information disclosed to the project village by organizing village meetings in local dialect, farmer group discussions, etc. Equal and culturally appropriate Ethnic minority farmers Done consultation of ethnic minority in the two villages Before and during the project implementation, people on project inclusive consultations with Han and Ethnic implementation minority people, women and men, non-poor and poor in the villages in both Mandarin and Korean 2. Mitigation Measures Minimize land occupation, In the two project Done. permanent and temporary villages The canal system structures such as the bridges, culverts, were upgraded in their original locations, which minimized permanent land occupation The construction work was conducted during non-farming seasons, which minimized impact of the temporary land occupation. Adequately compensate or Ethnic minority Update of the irrigation system and field roads adjust farmland within the households in the two were all done in their original locations and did villages for those whose project villages not lead to permanent land occupation. farmlands are permanently occupied by the project Timely restore the temporarily Farmland in the two All the construction work was carried out in occupied farmland project villages off-framing seasons. No crop was affected. All the temporarily occupied land had been restored immediately after completion of the construction, Protect ethnic minority people Ethnic minority people Done from the project construction in the project area The sites of construction work were far away from interference, such as noise, dust the residential communities. The project construction had no negative impact on the ethnic minorities. Minimize the project Farming transport in Minimized. construction disturbance to the two project villages The construction work was conducted in farming transport non-farming seasons, which had no disturbance to farming transport 3. Beneficial Measures Improve irrigated area for 3,622 Irrigation conditions in The target two villages in the project PPTA stage people in 2 administrative the two villages which were merged into one village: Sanjiazi Village. villages, including 42% of benefits 1,521 Koreans The project improved irrigation conditions of 906 Koreans ha of farmland, which are cultivated by farmer households in Sanjiazi Village, with 629 people including 640 Koreans (97.9% of the total) Save irrigation water for people Irrigation water saved Yes in the project area Irrigation water is saved a lot with the improved irrigation conditions. Create 390 unskilled Create 390 unskilled As of 30 June 2018, the subproject created 140 employment opportunities jobs, of which, 270 jobs during the project implementation, which is during project implementation, provided to women less than estimated 390 unskilled jobs. Of the and provide 270 jobs to women and ethnic minority total jobs, 20 (14.2%) were taken by women, and and ethnic minority people people 15 (10.7%) by ethnic minority. Provide training to farmers on Farmer training given in Done. water-saving and agricultural Mandarin and Korean The trainings were in both Chinese and Koreans

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Proposed Action Indicators and Targets Progress as of 30/06/2018 techniques in both Mandarin 5,718 farmers were trained including 3,208 (56%) and Korean, with 40% of women At least 40% of trainees women, and 1,133 (20%) ethnic minority people. trainees are women * The original EMDP was separated in various areas. This EMDP is reformatted form of the original EMDP by the external social monitoring specialist in March 2018. Sources: the project PPMS, the Heilongjiang external social monitoring report (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with the PMOs at provincial and county level, and with the external monitoring agency during Feb-Mar as of 30 June 2018.

2. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Jilin Province

103. Two EMDPs were developed and implemented in Jilin Province. One is in Helong subproject and the other is in Dunhua subproject.

a. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Helong Subproject

104. Summary activities conducted in Helong Subproject. From January to June 2018, the project supported 2 WUAs and 6 PFAs in Helong. As of 30 June 2018, the canal system was improved by upgrading 17 culverts and 20 gates. Agricultural services were improved by introducing 25 machines and 92 set of IPM equipment. Land degradation was reduced by returning straw to 270 ha of farmland. The improved irrigation conditions and agricultural support service 1,333 ha of farmland, cultivated by 1,610 households in the villages. Facilities for nursing saplings were installed in 0.32 ha of farmland. Civil work for 0.1 ha of greenhouse was carried out. Efforts of 25 pm publicities and 50 pm of technical trainings were provided to farmers, Han and ethnic minority, men and men, in the four villages. (A-table 25)

A-table 25: Summary Activities Conducted in Helong City, Jilin Province

Unit Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/03/2018 Targets Conducted Conducted Conducted Completion rate (%) 1. Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Surface water irrigation system ha 1,333 1,333 1,333 1,333 completed and/or upgraded Canal system structure built Culverts no. 17 17 17 100 Gates15 no. 20 20 20 100 Water-saving technology promoted km 13.2 13.2 3.68 100 through canals lined WUAs supported no. 2 0 2 2 100 Water-measuring equipment provided set 2 0 0 0 2. Improved Agricultural Support Facilities for saplings nursery provided ha 0.32 0 0.32 100 Agricultural machine provided unit 25 25 25 100 IPM equipment introduced set 92 92 92 100 Straw returned to farmland ha 270 0 270 100 Silage done m3 200 0 200 100 FPA established & strengthened set 6 0 6 6 100 Farmer training pm 75 75 75 100 publicity and start up pm 25 25 25 100

15 The 20 gates are all for lateral and sublateral canals.

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Unit Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/03/2018 Targets Conducted Conducted Conducted Completion rate (%) Technical training pm 50 50 50 100 Civil work done for demonstration ha 0.116 0.1 0.1 100 greenhouses 3. Improved Project Management17 CNY 86.80 32.62 Sources: the project PPMS Jan-Jun 2018.

105. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Helong Subproject. As of 30 June 2018, for activities completed, all proposed actions included in the EMDP have been implemented as planned. The project information was disclosed to both Han and ethnic minority people during PPTA phase and the project implementation phase. Ethnic minority people were equally and culturally appropriately consulted in their villages in both Standard Chinese and Korean. Potential negative impact such as land occupation, construction disturbance was mitigated by taking technical and management measures. The project benefits to the ethnic minority people were maximized by following the affirmative action requirements, such as at least 40% of the farmer trainees will be women and ethnic minority people. Progress of the EMDP implementation in Helong City is presented in A-table 26.

A-table 26: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Helong City of Jilin Province Proposed Action Indicator and Target Progress as of 30/06/2018 1. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Project information will be disclosed Ethnic minority people Done to ethnic minority people in the in the six project During implementation, project information project villages. villages disclosed to the four18 project villages by organizing village meetings in local dialect, farmer group discussions, etc. Equal and culturally appropriate Ethnic minority Done consultation of ethnic minority farmers in the six Before and during the project implementation, people on project implementation villages inclusive consultations with Han and Ethnic minority people, women and men, non-poor and poor in the villages in both Mandarin and Korean 2. Mitigation Measures Minimize land occupation, In the six project Done permanently or temporarily villages the culverts and the gates were upgraded in the original location, and no permanent land occupation the construction work were done in non-farming season, which minimized impact of the temporary land occupation Make adequate compensation or Ditto No permanent land occupation, and no crop land adjustment for the households damage whose farmland are occupied by the project Restore temporarily occupied land Ditto Done timely All land temporarily occupied has been restored immediately after completion of the construction work Protect ethnic minorities in the Ethnic minority people Done project area free from Construction in the project area Location of most construction work is far from

16 1,080 m2. 17 The budget and actual expenses include design fee, project management fee, project supervision, and does not include training expenses. 18 Number of the project villages is reduced to 4 from 6 planned in the project PPTA stage.

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Proposed Action Indicator and Target Progress as of 30/06/2018 Interference, such as noise, dust communities. Activity near to community was not allowed to be done at night 3. Beneficial Measures Encourage especially ethnic minority Ethnic minority Done women’s participation in the project women in the six Participation of ethnic minority women was activities project villages enabled by publicizing project information in the villages and provided most of the trainings in the villages The subproject created 200 jobs. Of which, 36% was taken by women, and 78% by ethnic minority people. Improve agricultural infrastructure Improved agricultural Done in the project villages for 6,777 infrastructure in the All the irrigation and drainage infrastructure and people, including 4,850 ethnic project villages agricultural support targeted at the 1,333 ha of minority people benefiting 4,850 ethnic farmland, which benefits all the 5,179 villagers minority people including the all the ethnic minority people in the four villages. 99.9% of the ethnic minority people are Koreans. Provide trainings to rural labour in Training provided to Done the project area including 3,783 3,783 ethnic minority Among the total 2,250 farmer trainees, 35% are ethnic minority people farmers women, and 80% were ethnic minority people Prevent and control communicable Ethnic minority people Done diseases in the project area The Helong County CDPC provided training to the villagers on preventing and controlling communicable disease during the project implementation. The local women federations keep communication with the villagers, especially women and children to prevent from any communicable diseases. CDPC: Center for Disease Prevention and Control Source: the project PPMs, the Jinlin monitoring reports (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with the Jilin PMO, Helong County PMO, and the external social monitoring agency during Feb-Mar as of 30 June 2018.

b. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dunhua Subproject

106. Summary Activities Completed in Dunhua Subproject: from January to June 2018, the project newly updated 0.37 km of canal. As of 30 June 2018, the canal system was improved by upgrading or newly built of 17 bridges, 132 culverts, 50 gates and 3.68 km of canal. 26 sets of facilities were provided to the water user association. Agricultural services were improved by upgrading 31.9 km of service road, and providing 14 tractors and 1 set of IPM equipment. Land degradation was reduced by applying balanced fertilizer to 166.7 ha of farmland and planting environmental protection forest in and/or along the edge of 20 ha of farmland. The improved irrigation conditions and agricultural support service 1,333 ha of farmland, cultivated by 793 farm households in the four villages. Agricultural greenhouses were constructed in 0.29 ha of land. Efforts of 25 person-months publicities and 50 person-months of technical trainings were provided to farmers, Han and ethnic minority, men and men, in the four villages. (A-table 27)

A-table 27: Summary Activities Completed out in Dunhua City, Jilin Province

unit Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As 30/06/2018 Targets Conducted Conducted Conducted Completion rate (%) 1. Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Subproject surface water irrigation system ha 1,333 1,240 93 1,333 100

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unit Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As 30/06/2018 Targets Conducted Conducted Conducted Completion rate (%) completed and/or upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 12.9 12.9 12.9 100 Canal system structure built Bridge no. 17 16 17 100 Culverts no. 132 129 132 100 19 no. 50 50 Gates Water-saving technology promoted through Canals lined Km 3.68 3.23 0.45 3.68 100 Water users associations (WUAs) supported no. 1 1 1 100 Facilities set 26 26 26 100 Training and study pm 2. Improved Agricultural Support Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 166.7 166.7 166.7 100 Service roads improved km 31.9 19.1 31.9 100 Tractor provided unit 14 15 Equipment for IPM programe introduced set 1 1 1 100 Environmental protection forests planted ha 20 20 20 100 requiring saplings purchased 000’s 40 40 40 100 Farmer training pm 75 75 75 100 publicity and start up pm 25 25 25 100 Technical training pm 50 50 50 100 Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 0.29 0.29 0.29 100 3. Improved Project Management20 CNY 115.9 65.9 Sources: the project PPMS Jan-Jun 2018.

107. Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dunhua Subproject. As of 30 June 2018, for activities completed, all proposed actions included in the EMDP have been implemented as planned. The project information was disclosed to both Han and ethnic minority people in the four villages during the project implementation phase. Ethnic minority people were equally and culturally appropriately consulted in their villages in both Standard Chinese and Korean. Potential negative impact such as land occupation and construction disturbance was mitigated by taking technical and management measures (A-table 28).

A-table 28: Progress of EMDP Implementation in Dunhua City of Jilin Province Proposed Action Indicator and Target Progress as of 30/06/2018 1. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation Project information will be disclosed Ethnic minority people in the Done to ethnic minority people in the four project villages During implementation, project information project villages. disclosed to the four project villages by organizing village meetings in local dialect, farmer group discussions, etc. Equal and culturally appropriate Ethnic minority farmers in Done consultation of ethnic minority the four villages Before and during the project people on project implementation implementation, inclusive consultations with Han and Ethnic minority people, women and men, non-poor and poor in the villages in both Mandarin and Korean 2. Mitigation Measures

19 The 20 gates are all for lateral and sublateral canals. 20 The budget and actual expenses include design fee, project management fee, project supervision, and does not include training expenses.

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Minimize land occupation, In the four project villages Done permanently and/or temporarily the canal system structures were upgraded in their original locations, and no permanent land occupation The construction work was done in non-farming seasons, which minimized impact of the temporary land occupation. Make adequate compensation or Ditto No permanently occupied land land adjustment for the households All temporarily occupied land has been whose farmland are occupied by the restored immediately after completion of project the construction work. Affected ethnic minority households did not ask for any compensation. Restore temporarily occupied land Ditto Done timely All land temporarily occupied has been restored immediately after completion of the construction work Protect 5,050 people including 242 242 ethnic minority people in Done ethnic minority people in the project the project area Location of most construction work is far area from the construction from communities. Activity near to interference community was not allowed to be done at night. Warning signs were set up in the construction sites 3. Beneficial Measures Encourage 2,374 women including Ethnic minority women in the Done 114 ethnic minority women in the project area Participation of ethnic minority women was project villages to participate in the enabled by publicizing project information project activities in the village and provided most of the trainings in the villages Totally 2,250 participants in the 75 person-months of training, with 53% of women, mainly ethnic minority women Improve agricultural infrastructure in 242 ethnic minority people Done the project villages for 5,050 people, All the irrigation and drainage infrastructure including 242 ethnic minority people and agricultural support targeted at the 1,333 ha of farmland, which benefits all the 5,050 villagers including the all the ethnic minority people in the four villages. Provide trainings to rural labour in 242 ethnic minority people Done the project area including 242 ethnic In total, 2,250 farmers were trained, minority people including the ethnic minority people. Prevent and control communicable Ethnic minority people in the Done diseases project area The Dunhua City CDPC provided training to the villagers on preventing and controlling communicable disease during the project implementation. The local women federations keep communication with the villagers, especially women and children to prevent from any communicable diseases. CDPC: Center for Disease Prevention and Control Source: the project PPMs, the Jinlin monitoring reports (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with the Jilin PMO and the Dunhua County PMO during Feb-Mar 2018.

3. Ethnic minority Participation in Ningxia

108. The ethnic minority population in the subproject areas in Ningxia is presented in A-table 29. Lingwu and Wuzhong-Shizhi subprojects have more ethnic minority, with 44.2% and 75.1% of their total beneficiaries respectively. The majority of the ethnic minority people are Hui ethnicity, who

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can well speak Mandarin and read and write standard Chinese characters. All ethnic minority people have equitable rights as Han people in the agricultural activities.

A-table 29: Ethnic minority People in the Subproject Areas in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) Participating Total population Ethnic Minority people Hui ethnicity county (person) (%) (%) Helan 5,051 6.0 5.1 Lingwu 4,180 75.1 70.1 Nongken 3,164 7.4 6.9 Yongning 9,043 1.9 1.5 Qingtongxia 5,751 8.2 7.1 Wuzhong-Shizhi 16,788 44.2 40.2 Pingluo 2,013 5.0 4 Zhongwei 17,589 0.3 0.3 Total 63,579 18.7 17.4 Sources: the Ningxia external social monitoring report for Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018, and communications with the provincial PMO, and the external monitoring agency during Feb-Mar 2018.

109. Although these subprojects do not prepare EMDPs, they established several key principles for equitably consulting with ethnic minority people. All the subprojects have made efforts to ensure equal consultation with and participation of ethnic minority farmers.

a. In Lingwu County

110. A number of project activities were carried out in Lingwu County. Summary of the activities are shown in A-table 30.

A-table 30: Summary Activities Completed in Lingwu County, Ningxia

Completion As of 31/12/ 2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 1,766 1,766 1,766 100 and/or upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 179.32 175.17 175.23 97.7 Canal system structure built No. Bridge No. 115 111 111 96.5 Culvert No. 125 125 Gate No. 75 80 80 106.6 Aqueduct No. 15 14 14 93.3 Drop structure No. 9 9 9 100 Outlet structures No. 303 294 294 97.0 Tail water outlets No. 145 137 137 94.5 others No. 14,776 13,681 13,681 92.6 2. Water-saving technology promoted ha 1,434 1,434 1,434 100 Canal lined km 160.06 156.82 156.88 98.0 3. WUAs supported No. 1 1 1 100 Training and study pm 4 0 4.33 4.33 115.8 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 4. Soil quality improved ha 1,666.70 1,671.39 1,671.39 100.3 Field leveled ha 666.70 665.82 665.82 99.9 Land deep plowed ha 666.70 665.82 665.82 99.9 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 333.30 339.75 339.75 101.9 5. Service roads improved km 4.50 4.50 4.50 100 6. Agricultural practices improved through Agricultural machine No. 9 9 1 10 111.1 7. IPM program introduced to ha 100 100 100 including equipment No. 15 20 20 133.3

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Completion As of 31/12/ 2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) 8. Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened No. 1 1 100 training and study tours organized pm 4 0 4.63 4.63 115.8 instruments and equipment financed set 6 6 6 100 Farmer training pm publicity and start up pm 80 82.30 54.36 136.66 170.8 technical training pm 20 32.60 26.07 58.67 293.4 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 9. Domestic study tour of project management pm 3.5 2.1 2.1 60.0 staff Sources: PPMS and the Ningxia external social monitoring report for Jan-Jun 2018.

111. Improvement of the canals and the system structures, and the field roads created 600 jobs, with 78% being taken by the ethnic minority people. Among the members of the WUA and the FPA, 77% and 78% are ethnic minority people respectively. (A-table 31) All these figures are higher than the share of the ethnic minority people in the total population (75.1%). One point should be paid adequate attention

A-table 31: Ethnic minority Participation in Lingwu in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) Total (person) Ethnic minority people (%) Farmer trainees 6,129 51 Project construction workers 600 78 Project supported WUA Members 1,072 77 People in management bodies 9 100 Project supported FPA Members 7 78 People in management bodies 3 100 Sources: the project PPMs, the external social monitoring report for Ningxia during Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018, and communications with the monitoring agency during Feb-Mar 2018.

b. In Wuzhong-Shizhi

112. Few activities were conducted in Wuzhong-Shizhi subproject. A-table 32 is the summary of the completed activities.

A-table 32: Summary Activities Completed in Wuzhong-Shizhi, Ningxia

Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 1,562 1,562 1,562 and/or upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 226.84 226.84 226.84 100 Canal system structure built No. Bridge No. 319 309 309 100 Culvert No. 2 2 2 100 Gate No. 51 51 51 100 Aqueduct No. 3 3 3 100 Drop structure No. 5 5 5 100 Outlet structures No. 608 600 600 100 Tail water outlets No. 38 38 38 100 others No. 13,222 12,750 12,750 2. Water-saving technology promoted ha 1,350 1,350 1,350 100

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018

Target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Canal lined km 160.24 156.84 156.84 3. WUAs supported No. 1 1 100 Training and study pm 2 2 2 100 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 4. Soil quality improved ha 2,020 2,401.19 2,401.19 Field leveled ha 900 900 900 100 Land deep plowed ha 800 903.98 903.98 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 320 597.21 597.21 5. Service roads improved km 11.2 11.2 11.2 100 6. Agricultural practices improved through Agricultural machine No. 10 10 10 100 IPM program introduced to ha 200 180 20 200 100 including equipment and vehicle No. 6 20 20 7. Land degradation reduced through straw ha 200 261.97 261.97 returned to farmland 8. Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened No. 2 2 2 100 instruments and equipment financed set 6 6 6 100 Farmer training pm publicity and start up pm 73 99.67 99.67 technical training pm 23 54 54 9. Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha Demonstration greenhouses constructed ha 6.1 5.99 5.99 civil work constructed m2 61,200 59,900 59,900 Pollution-free and/or safe agriculture 200 160 40 200 100 demonstrated, including ha Equipment provided set 22 22 22 100 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 10.Domestic study tour of project management pm 2.93 staff 3.5 2.93 Sources: PPMs and the Ningxia external social monitoring report for Jan-Jun 2018.

113. Of the 236 jobs generated by the subproject for the local farmers, 52% were provided to ethnic minority people. Among the WUA members, 44.2% are ethnic minority people. Both percentages are higher than the proportion of the ethnic minority people in the total population (44.1%). Of the total farmers trainees, 14% were ethnic minority people, which is less than the share of the ethnic minorities in the total population. It is suggested that the subproject will encourage more ethnic minority people to participate in the training activities.

A-table 33: Ethnic minority Participation in Wuzhong in Ningxia (as of 30/06/2018) Total (person) Ethnic minority people (%) Farmer trainees 3,680 14 Farmer workers for the project construction 236 52 Supported WUA (1 WUA) Members 682 44.3 Management staff 6 16.6 Supported FPA (1 FPA) Member 280 25 Management staff 8 12.5 Sources: the project PPMs, the external social monitoring report for Ningxia during Jul-Dec 2018.

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4. Ethnic minority Participation in Yunnan

114. Like in Ningxia, although no specific EMDPs have been developed in the beginning of the project implementation in Yunnan, all the subprojects paid great attention to participation and consideration of ethnic minority people in the project areas. The trainings were provided in local languages, either languages of ethnic minorities or local dialects. Among the 12 participating counties, proportions of ethnic minority people in 6 counties were higher than 5%: Changning, Eryuan, Heqing, Mangshi, Shiping and Yulong. Participation of the ethnic minority population in these 6 subprojects is presented in A-table 34, which is briefly assessed in the following sections based on the project activities completed in the subproject areas.

A-table 34: Participation of Ethnic Minorities (as of 30/06/2018) Participating Beneficiaries Trainees Farmer working for the project county Total (person) EM (%) Total EM (%) Total EM (%) Changning 8,252 14.4 750 9.5 200 25.0 Eryuan 22,076 78.0 610 810 1,180 83.3 Heqing 25,256 80.5 570 90.7 1,050 88.4 Mangshi 8,239 95.0 1,600 93.5 480 53.0 Shiping 25,226 40.1 1,400 60.0 1,025 60.0 Yulong 17,603 63.9 12,456 56.8 280 53.6 Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with PMOs of the subprojects in March 2018.

a. In Changning County

115. Summary Activity Completed in Changning County is presented in A-table 35. In total, 40 culverts were improved, 49 km of canals was lined, and 28.1 km of field road was upgraded. These activities created 200 jobs. Of which, 20% were given to the ethnic minority people, which is 10 percentage points higher than the proportion of ethnic minorities in the total population. The 3 WUAs consist of 2,358 members21. Of which, 15% are ethnic minority people. The 750 members who participated in the WUA-related training, 9.5% are ethnic minority people. It is suggested that in the subproject will involve more ethnic minority people in the future trainings related to the WUAs.

A-table 35: Summary Activity Completed in Changning County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 Target Conducted Conducted Conducted Completed/ Target (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system ha 1,865 1,865 1,865 100 completed and/or upgraded Covert No. 40 40 40 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted km 49 49 49 100 through canal lined 3. WUA supported through No. 3 3 3 100 Training and study pm 27 27 27 100 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 4. Field roads improved km 28.1 28.1 28.1 100 Output 3: Improved Project Management 5. Domestic study tour pm 5 5 5 100

21 The WUAs cover all households in the project villages.

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Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan in Jan-Jun 2018, and communications with PMOs of the Changning subproject in September 2018.

b. In Eryuan County

116. Summary activities completed in Eryuan County are presented in A-table 36. Improvement of the irrigation system and field roads created 1,080 jobs. Of which, 83.3% were provided to ethnic minority people, 13 percentage points higher than the share of the ethnic minorities in the total population.

A-table 36: Summary Activity Completed in Eryuan County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/ 2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 1,326 1,309 17 1,326 100 and/or upgraded Irrigation and/or drainage canals dredged km 79.6 79.6 79.6 100 Irrigation system structure constructed No. and/or improved Bridge No. 137 136 1 137 100 Culvert No. 104 104 104 100 Gate No. 83 83 83 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted km 42.90 42.00 0.9 42.90 97.9 through canal lined Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 3. Soil quality improved ha 400 100 Balanced fertilizer application introduced hq 400 100 4. Service roads improved km 12.98 12.78 0.37 13.15 101.31 5. IPM program introduced on ha 340 340 340 100 including equipment and vehicle No. 6. Land degradation reduced through Farm shelter belts planted ha 3 2.40 2.40 80.0 Straw returned to farmland ha 500 500 500 100 7. Farmer technical training pm 40 40 40 10 0 8. Modern agri. technologies demonstrated ha Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture ha 300 304 304 100 demonstrated, including Equipment provided set Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 9. Domestic study tour of project Pm 5 0 management staff Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with Yunnan PMO in September 2018.

c. In Heqing County

117. Summary activities conducted in Heqing County are shown in A-table 37. Improvement of the irrigation systems, and the agricultural support generated 1,050 jobs, with 88.4% taken by the ethnic minority farmers, which is little bit lower than the share of the ethnic minority people in the total population. Of the 570 farmer trainees, 90.7% are ethnic minority people, which is higher than the share of the ethnic minority in the total population.

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A-table 37：Summary Activity Completed in Heqing County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 AS of 06/30/208 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 1,618 1,618 1,618 100 and/or upgraded Irrigation system structure constructed No. and/or improved Bridge No. 1,029 1,029 1,029 100 Culvert No. 98 88 88 89.8 Gate No. 2,295 2,295 2,295 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted km 39.74 43.74 43.74 109.4 through canal lined Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 3. Soil quality improved through fields ha 188.89 188.89 188.89 100 leveled 4. Service roads improved km 21.83 25.58 25.58 100 5. Farmer technical training pm 15 19 19 126.7 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 6. Domestic study tour of project Pm 5 5 5 100 management staff Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with Yunnan PMO in September 2018.

d. In Mangshi

118. Summary activities conducted in Mangshi City are given in A-table 38. Construction and improved the canal structures and the field roads generated 480 jobs. Of which, 43% were taken up by ethnic minority farmers, that is lower than the proportion of the ethnic minority people in the total population. The project should encourage the ethnic minority people to actively make full use of the project employment opportunities. Among the 1,600 farmers who attended technical trainings and FPA related trainings, 95% are ethnic minority people.

A-table 38: Summary Activity Completed in Mangshi County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system ha 1,627 1,627 1,627 100 completed and/or upgraded Irrigation system structure constructed No. and/or improved Bridge No. 2 2 2 100 Culvert No. 52 52 52 100 Aqueduct No. 2 2 2 100 Others No. 3,298 3,298 3,298 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted ha 67.27 66.62 66.62 99.0 through canal lined Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 3. Service roads improved km 34.75 34.73 34.73 99.9 4. . Farmer capacity improved through FPA established and/or strengthened No. 2 2 2 100 training and study tours organized pm 13.34 13.34 13.34 100 instruments and equipment set financed Farmer technical training pm 13.33 13.33 13.33 100 5. Pollution-free and/or sage agriculture ha 66.67 66.67 66.67 100

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Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) demonstrated, including Equipment provided set 6. Organic and green agriculture ha 444.67 444.67 444.67 100 demonstrated Equipment supported set Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 7. Study tour of project management Pm staff Domestic study tours undertaken pm 6.4 4.2 4.2 65.6 Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with Yunnan PMO in September 2018.

e. In Shiping

119. A number of activities were conducted in Shiping County, which is summarized in A-table 39. In total, 1,025 jobs were created for local farmers, with 60% of jobs taking up by the ethnic minority people, 20 percent points higher than the proportion of the ethnic minorities in the total population. Of the 1,400 farmer trainees, 60% are ethnic minority people.

A-table 39: Summary Activity Completed in Shiping County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system ha 1,420 1,420 1,420 100 completed and/or improved Irrigation system structure constructed No. and/or improved Bridge No. 201 201 201 100 Culvert No. 121 122 122 100 Gate No. 30 30 30 100 Irrigation pumping station improved No. 1 1 1 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted ha through Canal lined km 17.39 17.39 17.39 100 Low-pressure pipeline installed km 1.03 1.03 1.03 100 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 3. Soil quality improved ha 500 500 500 100 Fields leveled ha 300 300 Balanced fertilizer application introduced ha 500 200 200 40.0 4. Service roads improved km 27.28 27.28 27.28 100 5. IPM program introduced on ha 600 600 600 100 including equipment and vehicle No. 55 25 25 50.0 6. Land degradation reduced through farm ha 2.81 0 0 shelter belts planted 7. Farmer training pm publicity and start up pm 23.33 23.33 23.33 100 technical training pm 23.34 23.34 23.34 100 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 8. Domestic study tour of project Pm 5 3 3 60.0 management staff Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with Yunnan PMO in September 2018.

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f. In Yulong County

120. A lot of activities were conducted in Yulong County, which is summarized in A-table 40. Carrying out the activities generated 280 jobs22 for the local farmers. Of the total jobs, 53.6% were given to the ethnic minority farmers, a little bit less than the percentage of the ethnic minority people in the total population (57.5%). Among the 12,456 farmer trainees, 56.8% are ethnic minority people. It is suggested that the subproject will pay more attention to the participation of the ethnic minority people in the project employment opportunities and the project supported trainings in the future. For example, when the WUAs will be supported, to include more ethnic minority people in the WUAs and in the related trainings.

A-table 40: Summary Activity Completed in Yulong County, Yunnan Province Completion As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 As of 30/06/2018 target Completed Completed Completed Completion rate (%) Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure 1. Surface water irrigation system completed ha 1,350 1,350 1,350 100 and/or upgraded Irrigation system structure constructed and/or improved Bridge No. 102 56 56 100 Culvert No. 29 18 18 62.1 Aqueduct No. 1 1 1 100 2. Water-saving technology promoted through ha Canal lined km 32.23 33.72 11 44.72 138.8 Low-pressure pipeline installed km 66.64 61.44 61.44 92.2 Small water storage structure developed No. 64 55 55 85.9 Newly constructed No. 62 53 53 85.5 Improved No. 2 2 2 100 3. WUAs supported through No. 2 0 Training and study pm 6 0 Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support 4. Soil quality improved through balanced ha 758 509 509 67.2 fertilizer application introduced 5. Service roads improved km 7.12 7.24 7.24 102.0 6. Agricultural practices improved through Plant protection equipment distributed unit 150 235 235 156.7 7. IPM program introduced on ha 550 159 159 28.9 including equipment and vehicle No. 150 150 8. Land degradation reduced through straw ha 1,206 617 617 51.2 returned to farmland 9. Farmer training pm 320 586 586 183.1 publicity and start up pm 216.67 349.67 349.67 161.4 technical training pm 103.33 236.33 236.33 228.7 Output 3: Improvement of the Project Management 10. Domestic study tour of project management Pm 5 2.5 50.0 staff Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports for Yunnan (Jan-Jun 2018), and communications with PMOs of the Yulong subproject in September 2018.

22 The 280 jobs are did not include those who worked for the project less than one month.

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F. Progress of the GAP Implementation

1. Project Progress of the GAP Implementation in Total

A-table 41: Progress of the GAP Implementation Gender Equality Outputs and/or Targets Progress Component Activities As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 Progress as of 30/06/2018 1. Output 1: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Gender-balanced Project information Women beneficiaries will be The project information was The project information was The project information was information will be disclosed to informed about opportunities to disclosed to female disclosed to female disclosed to female disclosure and women. access project funds, technical beneficiaries by providing beneficiaries by providing 359 beneficiaries by providing participation advice, training, and employment 4,809 person-months of person-months of farmer 5,168 person-months of farmer opportunities. farmer training and publicity training and publicity training and publicity Consultation of campaigns. 48.2% of the campaigns. 55.6% of the campaigns. 48.4% of the women on project Women will be consulted about participants were women participants were women participants were women implementation how irrigation and drainage participants Women were equitably Women were equitably infrastructure will be made more Women were equitably consulted for their priority consulted for their priority and beneficial to them. consulted for their priority and and for developing annual for developing annual work for developing annual work work plans of the project. plans of the project. plans of the project. Employment Employment At least 50% of employment 14,328 person-months jobs 525 person-months jobs 14,903 person-months jobs opportunities will be opportunities created under the created during the project created during the project created during the project made equally project will be taken up by construction, with 28.1% taken construction, with 28.1% construction, with 28.1% taken accessible to both women. by women. taken by women. by women. women and men. 562 jobs created during the 101 jobs created during the 663 jobs created during the project operation, with 46.7% project operation, with 44.1 project operation, with 46.3% taken by women taken by women taken by women Capacity and Women will have About 50% or more of training 83,024 farmers trained 3,755 farmers trained 86,779 farmers trained skills equal access to all opportunities will be provided to technically in 2,266 technically in 104 technically in 2,371 development training programs. women. person-months with 44.3% of person-months with 51.4% of person-months with 44.6% of At least 1/3 of the training sites women. women. women. Programs will will be selected in the local 345 farmer technical trainings 21 farmer trainings organized, 366 farmer technical trainings contain communities and at times organized, 76.6% located in 76.6% located in villages organized, 76.6% located in gender-sensitive sensible to enable active villages Training needs including villages

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Targets Progress Component Activities As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 Progress as of 30/06/2018 curricula. participation of both men and Training needs including content, time, location, and Training needs including women. content, time, location, and methods assessed by content, time, location, and Women will be consulted about methods assessed by consulting women and men methods assessed by how capacity development consulting women and men consulting women and men content will be adapted to their needs. Participation of Women will About 35% or more women 28 WUA supported 5 WUA supported 33 WUA supported women participate equally in participating in WUAs, with 24,019 members including 77 members including 40% of 24,096 members including 37% the strengthening relevant participation in the WUA 37% of women women of women and/or formation of management bodies. 143 managers including 28% of 10 managers including 30% of 153 managers including 28.1% all WUAs. women, less than the target women of women, less than the target 2. Output 2: Improved Agricultural Support Gender- Project information Women beneficiaries will be The project information was The project information was The project information was balanced will be disclosed to informed about opportunities to disclosed to female disclosed to female disclosed to female information women. access project funds, technical beneficiaries by providing beneficiaries by providing 359 beneficiaries by providing disclosure and advice, training, and employment 4,809 person-months of person-months of farmer 5,168 person-months of farmer participation Consultation of opportunities. farmer training and publicity training and publicity training and publicity women on project campaigns. 48.2% of the campaigns. 55.6% of the campaigns. 48.4% of the implementation Women will be consulted about participants were women participants were women participants were women how agricultural support will be participants Women were equitably Women were equitably made more beneficial to them. Women were equitably consulted for their priority consulted for their priority and consulted for their priority and and for developing annual for developing annual work for developing annual work work plans of the project. plans of the project. plans of the project. Employment Employment At least 50% of employment 14,328 person-months jobs 525 person-months jobs 14,903 person-months jobs opportunities will be opportunities created under the created during the project created during the project created during the project made equally project will be taken up by construction, with 28.1% taken construction, with 28.1% construction, with 28.1% taken accessible to both women. by women. taken by women. by women. women and men. 562 jobs created during the 101 jobs created during the 663 jobs created during the project operation, with 46.7% project operation, with 44.1 project operation, with 46.3% taken by women taken by women taken by women Capacity and skills Women will have At least 50% of training 83,024 farmers trained 3,755 farmers trained 86,779 farmers trained development equal access to all opportunities will be provided to technically in 2,266 technically in 104 technically in 2,371 training programs. women. At least 1/3 of the person-months with 44.3% of person-months with 51.4% of person-months with 44.6% of Programs will training sites will be selected in women. women. women. contain the local communities and at 345 farmer technical trainings 21 farmer trainings organized, 366 farmer technical trainings gender-sensitive times sensible to enable active organized, 76.6% located in 76.6% located in villages organized, 76.6% located in

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Targets Progress Component Activities As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 Progress as of 30/06/2018 curricula. participation of both men and villages Training needs including villages women. Training needs including content, time, location, and Training needs including Women will be consulted about content, time, location, and methods assessed by content, time, location, and how capacity development methods assessed by consulting women and men methods assessed by content will be adapted to their consulting women and men consulting women and men needs. Participation of Women will About 35% or more women will 39 FPAs supported 15 FPAs supported 54 FPAs supported women participate equally in be participating in FPAs, with Totally 5,265 members Totally 360 members Totally 5,625 members the strengthening/ relevant participation in FPA including 34.2% of women including 34.7% of women including 34.6% of women formation of all management bodies. Totally 204 managers including Totally 72 managers including Totally 276 managers including FPAs. 27% of women, less than the 32.8% of women 28.5% of women, less than the target target 3. Improved Project Management Strengthen gender Staff training Staff training curricula for 6 Done Done Done awareness among includes gender provincial and 69 COCAD23s Staff training for the Staff training for the Staff training for the project staff awareness and the include capacity enhancement management staff include management staff include management staff include GAP. measures for gender awareness capacity enhancement capacity enhancement capacity enhancement and the GAP implementation. measures for gender measures for gender measures for gender awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP implementation implementation implementation Enhance the Effective Three or more provincial and six Done Done Done ACWF’s role implementation and or more county and/or village ACWF staff in six provinces was ACWF staff in six provinces ACWF staff in six provinces was monitoring of ACWF offices will be upgraded by trained on the related topics was trained on the related trained on the related topics by gender-related providing staff training on by participating in the topics by participating in the participating in the provincial activities and actions leadership and thematic skills provincial trainings, provincial trainings, trainings, workshops, project Effective related to community workshops, project meetings, workshops, project meetings, meetings, etc. implementation and empowerment, ethnic minorities etc. etc. County WFs and all village level monitoring of (where applicable), and gender County WFs and all village County WFs and all village WFs participated in the project gender-related issues. level WFs participated in the level WFs participated in the trainings related to leadership activities and actions The county ACWF chairwoman project trainings related to project trainings related to and thematic skills will be a member of the leadership and thematic skills leadership and thematic skills County WFs participated in the county-level project leading County WFs participated in the County WFs participated in county level project meetings group. county level project meetings the county level project for the project designs, for the project designs, meetings for the project implementation, monitoring, implementation, monitoring, designs, implementation, etc.

23 Number of the participating counties has been reduced to 68 from the original 69 during the midterm adjustment.

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Targets Progress Component Activities As of 31/12/2017 Jan-Jun 2018 Progress as of 30/06/2018 etc. monitoring, etc. Ensure women’s Women’s economic At least 30% female Yes No activity Yes rights in project and political representatives should run for Over 30% Over 30% decision making empowerment in the village council elections to ensure and community consultation and participation implementation during project decision making and implementation. Sex- disaggregated Gender-sensitive Gender-sensitive indicators will Done Done Done M&E indicators will be be set up in areas such as access Gender-sensitive indicators were Gender-sensitive indicators Gender-sensitive indicators were included in the to technical advice and training, set up in areas of consultation, were set up in areas of set up in areas of consultation, project M&E system. employment and income, and participation in WUAs and FPAs, consultation, participation in participation in WUAs and FPAs, women’s representation in access to employment WUAs and FPAs, access to access to employment decision making. opportunities. employment opportunities. opportunities. ACWF = All-China Women’s Federation, COCAD = county and/or city office for comprehensive agricultural development, FPA = farmer professional association, GAP = gender action plan, M&E = monitoring and evaluation, NGO = nongovernment organization, WUA = water users association. Sources: the project PPMS, the six participating provinces’ monitoring reports (Jan-Jun 2018), communications with the six participating provinces’ external monitoring agencies, and communications with the county PMOs in September 2018.

2. Progress of the GAP Implementation by Province

121. Progress of the GAPs implementation in Anhui, Heilongjiang and Henan is presented in A-table 42, and in Jilin, Ningxia and Yunnan is presented in A-table 43.

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A-table 42: Progress of the GAP Implementation in Anhui, Heilongjiang and Henan (as of 30/06/2018) Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Anhui Heilongjiang Henan Component 1. Project Component: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Gender-balanced Project information will Women beneficiaries will be Done Done Done information be disclosed to women. informed about opportunities to The information on the The information on the The information on the disclosure and access project funds, technical subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed participation advice, training, and employment to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by Consultation of women opportunities. providing 72 farmer providing 129 trainings providing 85 trainings on project trainings including publicity including publicity, with including publicity, with implementation Women will be consulted about with 654 person-months 1,064 person-months 276 person-months inputs. how irrigation and drainage inputs. Of the total 9,727 inputs. Of the total 32,982 Of the total 7,242 infrastructure will be made more participants, 56.5% were participants, 53.4% were participants, 48.3% were beneficial to them. female female. female. Women were consulted for Women were consulted for Women were consulted development of annual development of annual for development of annual work plans work plans work plans Employment Employment At least 50% of employment Done Done Done opportunities will be opportunities created under the Of the total 4,051 project Of the 1,250 project Of the 6,288 project made equally accessible project will be taken up by women. created employment created employment created employment to both women and men. opportunities, 56.7% were opportunities, 51% were opportunities, 62.1% were taken by women. taken by women taken by women Capacity and Women will have equal About 50% or more of training Done Done 2,968 farmers trained skills access to all training opportunities will be provided to 4,928 farmers trained 33,261 farmers trained technically in 173 development programs. women. technically in 232 technically in 342 person-months, with 51% person-months, with 56% person-months, with 53% of women At least 1/3 of the training sites will of women of women 85 farmer trainings Programs will contain be selected in the local communities 72 farmer trainings All the 129 farmer trainings organized, 9.1% in local gender-sensitive and at times sensible to enable organized, 75.9% in local organized in local communities curricula. active participation of both men and communities communities Women were consulted women. Women were consulted for Women were consulted for for the training details the training details before the training details before before development of Women will be consulted about development of training development of training training plans how capacity development content plans plans will be adapted to their needs. Participation of Women will participate About 35% or more women Done Done 1 WUAs was supported

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Anhui Heilongjiang Henan Component women equally in the participating in WUAs, with relevant 10 WUAs were supported 3 WUAs were supported Of the 215 members, strengthening participation in the WUA Of the 897 members, 38.8% Of the 110 members, 54.5% 46.5% are women and/or formation of all management bodies. are women are women Of the 6 people in the WUAs. Of the 38 people in the Of the 12 people in the management bodies, management bodies, 39.5% management bodies, 50% 16.7% are women, less are women are women than the target 2. Project Component: Improved Agricultural Support Gender- Project information will Women beneficiaries will be Done Done Done balanced be disclosed to women. informed about opportunities to The information on the The information on the The information on the information access project funds, technical subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed disclosure and Consultation of women advice, training, and employment to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by participation on opportunities. providing 72 farmer providing 129 trainings providing 85 trainings project implementation trainings including publicity including publicity, with including publicity, with Women will be consulted about with 450 person-months 1,064 person-months 251 person-months inputs. how agricultural support will be inputs. Of the total 7,467 inputs. Of the total 32,982 Of the total 5,698 made more beneficial to them. participants, 55.6% were participants, 53.4% were participants, 51.2% were female female. female. Women were consulted for Women were consulted for Women were consulted development of annual development of annual for development of annual work plans work plans work plans Employment Employment At least 50% of employment Done Done Done opportunities will be opportunities created under the Of the total4,051 project Of the 1,250 project Of the 6,288 project made equally accessible project will be taken up by women. created employment created employment created employment to both women and men. opportunities, 56.7% were opportunities, 51% were opportunities, 62.1% were taken by women. taken by women taken by women Capacity and skills Women will have equal At least 50% of training Done Done 2,968 farmers trained development access to all training opportunities will be provided to 4,928 farmers trained 33,261 farmers trained technically in 173 programs. women. At least 1/3 of the training technically in 232 technically in 342 person-months, with 51% Programs will contain sites will be selected in the local person-months, with 56% person-months, with 53% of women gender-sensitive communities and at times sensible of women of women 77 farmer trainings curricula. to enable active participation of 58 farmer trainings All the 129 farmer trainings organized, 9.1% in local both men and women. organized, 75.9% in local organized in local communities Women will be consulted about communities communities Women were consulted how capacity development content Women were consulted for Women were consulted for for the training details will be adapted to their needs. the training details before the training details before before development of

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Anhui Heilongjiang Henan Component development of training development of training training plans plans plans Participation of Women will participate About 35% or more women will be Done Done 6 FPAs were supported women equally in the participating in FPAs, with relevant 14 FPAs were supported 2 FPAs were supported Of the 518 members, strengthening/ formation participation in FPA management Of the 824 members, 38.9% Of the 250 members, 52% 32.2% are women of all FPAs. bodies. are women24 are women Of the 55 people in the Of the 64 people in the Of the 14 people in the management bodies, management bodies, 32.8% management bodies, 50% 18.2% are women, less are women are women than the target 3. Project Component: Improved Project Management Strengthen gender Staff training includes Staff training curricula for 6 Done Done Done awareness among gender awareness and provincial and 69 COCADs include Trainings on gender Trainings on gender Trainings on gender project staff the GAP. capacity enhancement measures for awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP gender awareness and the GAP implementation provided implementation provided implementation provided implementation. to the ACWF staff. to the ACWF staff. to the ACWF staff. Enhance the Effective implementation Three or more provincial and six or Over 6 village WFs in Anhui Over 6 village WFs in Over 6 village WFs in ACWF’s role and monitoring of more county and/or village ACWF were trained on thematic Heilongjiang were trained Henan were trained on gender-related activities offices will be upgraded by skills related to community on thematic skills related to thematic skills related to and actions providing staff training on development, and gender community development, community development, Effective implementation leadership and thematic skills issues and gender issues and gender issues and monitoring of related to community County ACWF participated County ACWF participated County ACWF participated gender-related activities empowerment, ethnic minorities in the county level project in the county level project in the county level project and actions (where applicable), and gender meetings for project design, meetings for project meetings for project issues. implementation, and design, implementation, design, implementation, The county ACWF chairwoman will monitoring. and monitoring. and monitoring. be a member of the county-level project leading group. Ensure women’s Women’s economic and At least 30% female representatives Done Done Done rights in project political empowerment in should run for village council Over 30% of female Over 30% of female Over 30% of female decision making the community elections to ensure consultation and representatives have representatives have representatives have and participation during project decision engaged in the project engaged in the project engaged in the project implementation making and implementation. consultation and consultation and consultation and

24 The FPAs consists of household members. 494 members mean 494 households. The households registered either use name of husband or wife or other household members. 38.9% of women members mean that 38.9% of households registered with women’s name.

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Anhui Heilongjiang Henan Component participation during project participation during project participation during decision making and decision making and project decision making implementation implementation and implementation Sex- disaggregated Gender-sensitive Gender-sensitive indicators will be Done Done Done M&E indicators will be set up in areas such as access to Gender-sensitive indicators Gender-sensitive indicators Gender-sensitive indicators included in the project technical advice and training, were set up in the areas of were set up in the areas of were set up in the areas of M&E system. employment and income, and consultation, employment consultation, employment consultation, employment women’s representation in decision opportunity, WUAs, and opportunity, WUAs, and opportunity, WUAs, and making. FPAs in the implementation FPAs in the FPAs in the implementation. implementation. ACWF = All-China Women’s Federation, COCAD = county and/or city office for comprehensive agricultural development, FPA = farmer professional association, GAP = gender action plan, M&E = monitoring and evaluation, NGO = nongovernment organization, WUA = water users association. Sources: the project PPMS, the Anhui, Heilongjiang, and Henan monitoring reports (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), communications with the Anhui, Heilongjiang, and Henan external monitoring agencies, and communications with the county PMOs during Feb-Mar 2018.

A-table 43: Progress of the GAP Implementation in Jilin, Ningxia and Yunnan (as of 30/06/2018) Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Jilin Ningxia Yunnan Component 1. Project Component: Improved Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Gender-balanced Project information will Women beneficiaries will be informed Done Done Done information be disclosed to women. about opportunities to access project The information on the The information on the The information on the disclosure and funds, technical advice, training, and subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed participation employment opportunities. to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by Consultation of women providing 196 trainings providing 168 trainings providing 95 trainings on project Women will be consulted about how including publicity, with including publicity with including publicity with 924 implementation irrigation and drainage infrastructure 1,015 person-months 1,233.4 person-months person-months inputs. Of will be made more beneficial to them. inputs. Of the total 28,583 inputs. Of the total 17,029 the total 20,339 participants, 48.3% were participants, 48.8% were participants, 41.2% were female. female. female. Women were consulted Women were consulted for for development of development of annual Women were consulted for annual work plans work plans development of annual

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Jilin Ningxia Yunnan Component Women were consulted work plans for development of annual work plans Employment Employment At least 50% of employment Of the 2,404 farmer Of the 3,713 farmer Of the 8,620 farmer opportunities will be opportunities created under the project workers for the project workers for the project workers for the project made equally accessible will be taken up by women. construction, 30% are construction, 50.6% are construction, 49.3% are to both women and men. women women women Capacity and Women will have equal About 50% or more of training 19,445 farmers trained 11,150 farmers trained 11,272 farmers trained skills access to all training opportunities will be provided to technically in 676 technically in 515 technically in 432 development programs. women. person-months, with 51% person-months, with 48% person-months, with 51% of women of women of women At least 1/3 of the training sites will be 196 farmer trainings All the 168 farmer trainings 95 farmer trainings Programs will contain selected in the local communities and at organized, 72.4% in local organized in local organized, 69.9% in local gender-sensitive times sensible to enable active communities communities communities curricula. participation of both men and women. Women were consulted Women were consulted for Women were consulted for for the training details the training details before the training details before Women will be consulted about how before development of development of training development of training capacity development content will be training plans plans plans adapted to their needs. Participation of Women will participate About 35% or more women participating 5 WUAs25 were 9 WUAs were supported 4 WUAs were supported women equally in the in WUAs, with relevant participation in supported Of the 20,611 members, Of the 110 members, strengthening the WUA management bodies. Of the 1,985 members, 36.8% are women 32.7% are women, a little and/or formation of all 40.3% are women Of the 40 people in the bit less than the target WUAs. Of the 35 people in the management bodies, 25% Of the 15 people in the management bodies, are women, less than the management bodies, 13.3% 18.8% are women, less target are women, less than the than the target target 2. Project Component: Improved Agricultural Support Gender- Project information will Women beneficiaries will be informed Done Done Done balanced be disclosed to women. about opportunities to access project The information on the The information on the The information on the information funds, technical advice, training, and subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed subprojects was disclosed disclosure and Consultation of women employment opportunities. to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by to female beneficiaries by participation on providing 196 trainings providing 168 trainings providing 95 trainings

25 One in Yushu City and the other in Dunhua City

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Jilin Ningxia Yunnan Component project implementation Women will be consulted about how including publicity, with including publicity, with including publicity, with agricultural support will be made more 1,015 person-months 1,143.99 person-months 884.33 person-months beneficial to them. inputs. Of the total 28,583 inputs. Of the total 17,029 inputs. Of the total 19,106 participants, 48.3% were participants, 48.8% were participants, 51.3% were female. female. female. Women were consulted Women were consulted for for development of development of annual Women were consulted for annual work plans work plans development of annual Women were consulted work plans for development of annual work plans Employment Employment At least 50% of employment Of the 2,404 farmer Of the 3,713 farmer Of the 8,620 farmer opportunities will be opportunities created under the project workers for the project workers for the project workers for the project made equally accessible will be taken up by women. construction, 30% are construction, 50.6% are construction, 49.3% are to both women and men. women women women Capacity and skills Women will have equal At least 50% of training opportunities Done Done Done development access to all training will be provided to women. At least 1/3 19,445 farmers trained 11,150 farmers trained 11,272 farmers trained programs. of the training sites will be selected in technically in 676 technically in 515 technically in 432 Programs will contain the local communities and at times person-months, with 51% person-months, with 48% person-months, with 51% gender-sensitive sensible to enable active participation of of women of women of women curricula. both men and women. 142 farmer trainings All the 153 farmer trainings 83 farmer trainings Women will be consulted about how organized, 72.4% in local organized in local organized, 69.9% in local capacity development content will be communities communities communities adapted to their needs. Women were consulted Women were consulted for Women were consulted for for the training details the training details before the training details before before development of development of training development of training training plans plans plans Participation of Women will participate About 35% or more women will be 22 FPAs were supported 5 FPAs were supported 8 FPA was supported women equally in the participating in FPAs, with relevant Of the 1,005 members, Of the 1,109 members, Of the 1,889 members, strengthening/ formation participation in FPA management 27.1% are women 39.9% are women 31.7% are women of all FPAs. bodies. Of the 68 people in the Of the 35 people in the Of the 50 people in the management bodies, management bodies, 34.3% management bodies, 14% 23.6% are women are women are women 3. Project Component: Improved Project Management Strengthen gender Staff training includes Staff training curricula for 6 provincial Done Done Done

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Gender Equality Outputs and/or Activities Targets Jilin Ningxia Yunnan Component awareness among gender awareness and and 69 COCADs include capacity Trainings on gender Trainings on gender Trainings on gender project staff the GAP. enhancement measures for gender awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP awareness and the GAP implementation. implementation provided implementation provided to implementation provided to the ACWF staff. the ACWF staff. to the ACWF staff. Enhance the Effective implementation Three or more provincial and six or more Over 6 village WFs in Jilin Over 6 village WFs in Over 6 village WFs in ACWF’s role and monitoring of county and/or village ACWF offices will were trained on thematic Ningxia were trained on Yunnan were trained on gender-related activities be upgraded by providing staff training skills related to thematic skills related to thematic skills related to and actions on leadership and thematic skills related community development, community development, community development, Effective implementation to community empowerment, ethnic and gender issues and gender issues and gender issues and monitoring of minorities (where applicable), and County ACWF participated County ACWF participated County ACWF participated gender-related activities gender issues. in the county level project in the county level project in the county level project and actions The county ACWF chairwoman will be a meetings for project meetings for project design, meetings for project member of the county-level project design, implementation, implementation, and design, implementation, leading group. and monitoring. monitoring. and monitoring. Ensure women’s Women’s economic and At least 30% female representatives Done Done Done rights in project political empowerment in should run for village council elections to Over 30% of female Over 30% of female Over 30% of female decision making the community ensure consultation and participation representatives have representatives have representatives have and during project decision making and engaged in the project engaged in the project engaged in the project implementation implementation. consultation and consultation and consultation and participation during participation during project participation during project project decision making decision making and decision making and and implementation implementation implementation Sex- disaggregated Gender-sensitive Gender-sensitive indicators will be set Done Done Done M&E indicators will be up in areas such as access to technical Gender-sensitive Gender-sensitive indicators Gender-sensitive indicators included in the project advice and training, employment and indicators were set up in were set up in the areas of were set up in the areas of M&E system. income, and women’s representation in the areas of consultation, consultation, employment consultation, employment decision making. employment opportunity, opportunity, WUAs, and opportunity, WUAs, and WUAs, and FPAs in the FPAs in the implementation FPAs in the implementation implementation ACWF = All-China Women’s Federation, COCAD = county and/or city office for comprehensive agricultural development, FPA = farmer professional association, GAP = gender action plan, M&E = monitoring and evaluation, NGO = nongovernment organization, WUA = water users association. Sources: the project PPMS, the Jilin, Ningxia, and Yunnan monitoring reports (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), communications with the Jilin, Ningxia, and Yunnan external monitoring agencies, and communications with the county PMOs during Feb-Mar 2018.

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G. Socioeconomic Development by Province

122. Socioeconomic data for 2018 are not available so far. The data for as of 30 June 2018 is still be used here, and will be updated next time.

123. Major grain crops cultivated in the subproject area of Anhui are wheat, maize and soybean. Major cash crops include cotton and oilseed rape. The PMOs got the figures from the Township Comprehensive Agricultural Service Stations in the subproject area.

124. Major grain crops in the subproject area of Heilongjiang are rice and soybean. No cash crops were cultivated there. The grain yield was calculated based on sample household survey. 5 sample households were selected in each of the project administrative village.

125. Major grain crops in the subproject area of Henan are wheat and maize and major cash crop is peanut. The township government survey the outputs and the yields of the project villages, then report to the county PMOs; after consolidated, the county PMOs report to the provincial PMO. The external monitoring agency crosschecks the results by sampling household survey in the project area: 5 villages each participating county, 9 households every sampling village.

126. Major grain crops in the subproject area of Jilin are rice and maize. No cash crops were cultivated there. Total grain output and grain yield were got from sampling survey done the county agricultural bureau.

127. Major grain crops in the subproject area of Ningxia are wheat, maize and rice. The grain outputs and yields were calculated based on 120 sample household survey conducted by the external social monitoring agency, the data surveyed by the WUAs and the data surveyed by the county agricultural technical extension bureau. The household survey samples village in each of the participating county, and 15 sample households from each of the 8 sample villages.

128. Crops cultivated in Yunnan vary across the participating counties. Major grain crops include wheat, maize, rice, potato, and broad bean, and major cash crops include tobacco, garlic, water melon, oilseed rape, and various fruits. Methods and ways of getting the grain output and yields also vary across the participating counties. Most used the results surveyed by the county agricultural technical extension centres.

A-table 44: Key Socioeconomic Indicators in the Project Area in as of 30 June 2018 Total Anhui HeiLJ Henan Jilin Ningxia Yunnan Grain production ton 953,392 221,470 169,768 143,729 178,817 110,597 129,011 Yields Grain crop Ton/ha 8.69 10.15 9.24 7.66 9.25 8.96 6.86 Cash crop Ton/ha 10.87 4.84 N.A. 3.43 8.60 19.77 15.44 Vegetable Ton/ha 35.47 29.12 N.A. 35.73 N.A. 51.14 25.61 Rural net income CNY/person 9,476 71,98 13,718 9,182 10,600 9,187 6,970 Sources: the project PPMS, the external social monitoring reports (Jul-Dec as of 30 June 2018), and communications with the PMOs and the external monitoring agencies during Feb-Mar as of 30 June 2018.

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H. Operation of the Project

1. In Anhui

129. The village committees and the township government operate and maintain the project supported irrigation systems. The village committees are in charge of the project supported field roads. After completion of the construction work, the project planted farm shelterbelts will be transferred to local township governments, and/or village committees, who will care for the trees. The project demonstrated 60 greenhouses were operating by Xingwang Farmer Cooperative, in Woyang County.

2. In Heilongjiang

130. The township governments are in charge of the irrigation systems. After completion of the construction work, all the updated and newly constructed canal structures will be transferred to township governments, who will further operate and maintain the systems. Village committees are responsible for maintenance of the project supported field roads. The project supported farm shelterbelts and environmental protection forests belong to individual farm households, who will take care of the trees.

131. The project demonstrated about 350 greenhouses which are operating by individual farm households.

132. The three WUAs in three subprojects in Heilongjiang are all newly established with support of the project. The WUAs have 110 household members, and cover about 3,200 ha of farmland. Totally 12 managers are in charge of the WUAs. Capacity of the WUAs need be further enhanced

3. In Henan

133. After completion of the construction, the project improved service roads and irrigation systems will be transferred to the township governments and the village committees, who will take care of the systems. Farmers only pay for electricity bill for irrigating their farmland, and do not need to pay for the water resources. Every household buy their smart power cards for using irrigation system automatically. The villages committees are responsible for the maintenance.

134. The project supported farm shelterbelts which next to cultivated land belong to individual farm households who will take care of the trees. The project supported farm shelterbelts in roadside are taken care by the village committees.

135. Capacity of the village committees in maintaining the roads, the irrigation systems, and the trees is crucial to sustainable function of the items.

4. In Jilin

136. The village committees are responsible for taking care of the improvement irrigation

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systems, and the environmental protection forests. The project provided machines are used and maintained by farmer cooperatives. Of the 132 demonstration greenhouses supported by the project, 58 are operating by village committees and the others are operating by farmer cooperatives.

5. In Ningxia

137. Every project village has its own WUA. The WUAs are in charge of use and maintenance of the irrigation system. Capacity of some WUAs is not good enough to well manage the system, and needs be enhanced.

138. The project provided agricultural machines are managed by farmer cooperatives. Of the three demonstration greenhouses, one in Wuzhong City is managed by farmer cooperative, and the other two are managed by village committees, one in Helan County and one in Yongning County. The project also supported 6 farmer cooperatives by providing equipment and trainings.

139. Currently, the WUAs and the FPAs have not yet established good management regulations and mechanism. Management capacity of the farmer cooperative and the village committees need be further strengthened.

6. In Yunnan

140. The 88 demonstration greenhouses are all managed by Liqun Vegetable Farmer Cooperative in Zhaoyang District, and operating by individual farm households. The project also supported 8 FPAs. Some are farmer-owned and some are enterprise-owned26. The cooperatives provide agricultural services to individual members in a unified manner.

26 Many named farmer cooperatives are not really farmer-owned cooperatives in China.

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