PERIODICALS ISSN: 1043-3546 Des Moines, lowa*USA*50322 200W A«enue*Suite 6200 Aarora
AUGUST 1999»V0L. 19»N0. 8»PAGES 533-604 RECOGNITION FORCORPORATEEXCELLENCEINFOODSAFETYANDQUALITY
THEBLACK PEARLAWARD consumer programs,employeerelations,educational for Itseffortsinadvancingfoodsafetyandqualitythrough The BlackPearlAwardisgivenannuallytoacompany and objectivesoflAMFES. activities, adherencetostandardsandsupportofthegoals Brampton, Ontario,Canada Northfield, Illinois Lenox, Iowa 1999 CaravelleFoods 1997 Papetti'sofIowaFoodProducts,Inc. 1998 KraftFoods,Inc. International AssociationofMilk, FoodandEnvironmentalSanitarians Wilbur S.FeaganandF&HFood Equipment Company Black PearlAwardRecipients Proudly sponsoredby Presented by We inviteyoutonominateyourcompanyforthis nomination information. prestigious recognition.ContactthelAMFESofficefor San Antonio,Texas Homewood, Illinois Boise, Idaho 1996 SillikerLaboratoriesGroup,Inc. 1995 Albertson's,Inc. 1994 HEBCompany Mack* in the U.S.A. New Tamper Evident, Leak Proof, Air Tight, Hinged Cap, Sterile Sample Vials
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AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation ABOUT THE COVER... DAIRY. FGQD AND ENVIRONMENTAL Photo from Hardy Diagnostics. Testing is performed on each lot in the QC lob according to USP and GMP guidelines.
Use of this photo does not imply endorsement of any product by lAMFES. Sanitation A PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MILK. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC
Articles
A Suggested Method for Evaluating Foodhandler/Processor Handwash Formulations.546 Daryl S. Paulson
Guidelines to Prevent Post-Processing Contamination from Listeria monocytogenes.551 R. Bruce Tompkin, Virginia N. Scott, Dane T. Bernard, William H. Sveum, and Kathy Sullivan Gombas
Thoughts on Today’s Food Safety... Understanding Produce Safety.604 Nancy E. Nagle
Association News
Sustaining Members.540 Views From Your President.542 Commentary From the Executive Director.544 New lAMFES Members.564
Departments
Updates.566 News.568 Industry Products.572 Business Exchange.575 Advertising Index.575 Coming Events.599
Extras
2000 lAMFES Secretary Nominations.563 3-A Holders’ List.577 LAMFES Audiovisual Library Order Form.601 LAMFES Booklet Order Form.602 LAMFES Membership Application.603
The publishers do not warrant, either expressly or by implication, the factual accuracy of the articles or descriptions herein, nor do they so warrant any views or opinions offered by the authors of said articles and descriptions.
534 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 DQO Serv/cServicesjnc. Boctenoiogical & Chemical Teitlng SEIBERIING /ISSGDIATES. INC. Standards and Calibration Sets Raw Milk Component Standards The Acknowledged Leaders in Raw Lowfat Component Standards State-of-the-Art Sanitary Past/Homo Lowfat Standards High Fat Cream Standards Process & CIP Engineering Light Cream Standards Design Automation & Software Electronic Somatic Ceil Standards for Projects that feature: Whey Standards Urea Standards Lowest Capital Costs Chemical and Bacteriological Testing Maximum Operating Efficiency Milk and Milk Products Producer Quality & Component Testing Top Product Quality & Shelf Life Mastitis Culture/Cow or Bulk Tank Third Party Verification/Validation
High Performance Liquid Chromatography Supporting lAMFES Carbohydrates Antibiotics in Milk for over 20 Years.
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AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 535 DAIRY. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MILK, FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC. 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863, USA
ASa PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONALn iASSOCIATIONt OF aMILK. FOOO tAND ENVIRONMENTALio SANITARIANS.n INC 800.369.6337 or 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276.8655
Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation (ISSN-1043-3546) is DFES JOURNAL STAFF published monthly beginning with the January number by the International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc. 6200 Aurora David W. Tharp: Executive Director Avenue, Suite 200W, Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863, USA. Each volume E-mail; [email protected] comprises 1 2 numbers. Printed by Heuss Printing, Inc., 91 1 N. Second Street, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA. Periodical Postage paid at Des Moines, Iowa Lisa K. Hovey: Managing Editor 5031 8 and additional entry offices. E-mail: [email protected] Manuscripts: Correspondence regarding manuscripts should be addressed Donna A. Bahun: Production Editor to Donna A. Bahun, Production Editor, lAMFES, Inc. E-mail; [email protected] News Releases, Updates, Caming Events and Cover Photos: Correspondence for these materials should be sent to Donna A. Bahun, Prod¬ Pam J. Wanninger: Proofreader uction Editor, lAMFES, Inc. E-mail: [email protected] "Instructions for Authors" may be obtained from our Web site at www.iamfes.org or from Donna A. Bahun, Production Editor, lAMFES, Inc.
lAMFES STAFF Orders for Reprints: All orders should be sent to Dairy, Food David W. Tharp: Executive Director and Environmental Sanitation, lAMFES, Inc. Note: Single copies of reprints are not available from this address; address single copy reprint E-mail: [email protected] requests to principal author. Lisa K. Hovey: Assistant Director Reprint Permission: Questions regarding permission to reprint any portion E-mail: [email protected] of Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation should be addressed Donna A. Bahun: Design and Layout to:Donna A. Bahun, Production Editor, lAMFES, Inc. Business Matters: Correspondence regarding business matters should E-mail: [email protected] be addressed to Lisa K. Hovey, Managing Editor, lAMFES, Inc. Julie A. Cattanach: Membership Services Membership Dues: Membership in the association is available to individ¬ E-mail: [email protected] uals. Dues include a 12-month subscription to Dairy, Food and Environ¬ Lucia Collison: Administrative Assistant mental Sanitation at a rate of $85.00 US, $95.00 Canada/Mexico, and $ 1 10.00 International. Dues including Dairy, Food and Environmental E-mail: [email protected] Sanitation and the Journal of Food Protection are $140.00 US, Bev Corron: Public Relations $165.00 Canada/Mexico, and $210.00 International. Student member¬ E-mail; [email protected] ships are available with verification of student status. Student rates are $42.50 US, $52.50 Canada/Mexico, and $67.50 International for Dairy, Food Nina L. Dao: Accounting Assistant and Environmental Sanitation; $42.50 US, $57.50 Canada/Mexico, E-mail: [email protected] and $87.50 International for Journal of Food Protection; and $70.00 US, $95.00 Canada/Mexico, and $ 1 40.00 International for Dairy, Food Karla K. Jordan: Order Processing and Environmental Sanitation and Journal of Food Protection All E-mail: [email protected] membership dues include shipping and handling. No cancellations accepted. Correspondence regarding changes of address and dues must be sent to Julie Tami J. Schafroth: Association Services A. Cattanach, Membership Services, lAMFES, Inc. E-mail: [email protected] Sustaining Membership: A sustaining membership in lAMFES is available to Tanya L. Smith: Audiovisual Library Coordinator companies at a rate of $525.00 per year. For more information, contact E-mail; [email protected] Julie A. Cattanach, Membership Services, lAMFES, Inc. Pam J. Wanninger: Proofreader Subscription Rotes: Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation is available by subscription for $1 85.00 US, $ 195.00 Canada/Mexico, and E-nail: [email protected] $210.00 International. Single issues are available for $24.00 US and Frank E. Zuehike: Senior Accountant $33.00 all other countries. All rates include shipping and handling. No E-mail: [email protected] cancellations accepted. For more information contact Julie A. Cattanach, Membership Services, lAMFES, Inc. ADVERTISING Claims: Notice of failure to receive copies must be reported within 30 days domestic, 90 days outside US. David Larson Postmaster: Send address changes to Dairy, Food and Environmental P.O. Box 25 Sanitation, 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W, Des Moines, Iowa 50322- Waukee, lA 50263 2863, USA. Phone: 515.987.1359 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation is printed on paper that Fax: 515.987.2003 meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO 239.48-1 992. E-mail: [email protected]
536 Dairy, food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Listeria Testing Pick your weapon ^\ABC Research Probelia® PCR Test Corporation L. mono - Next Day! The first practical PCR for Food Testing provides next- day results specifically for L. monocytogenes. A Better Company For Your Professional Analytical Needs
rmttttttti- ^ Assurance® EIA Product Development • Audits Iiy. High Volume Efficiency Well suited for environ¬ GMP’S • Problem Solving • mental and finished product testing. Validated HACCP • Microbiology • as AO AC Official Method 9%. 14. Sanitation Training • Quality • Pilot Plant • Chemistry • 3437 SW 24th Avenue Gainesville, FL 32607 Phone 352-372-0436 FAX 352-378-6483 www.abcr.com Reader Service No. 115 Reader Service No. 102 AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food and Environmental Sanitation DAIRY. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL Annual Meetings ASanitation PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MILK. FOOD AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS. INC lAMFES EXECUTIVE BOARD President, Robert E. Brackett, University of Georgia, Center for Food Safety and Quality Enhancement, GA Experiment Station, Griffin, GA 30223-1797; Phone: 770.412.4735; E-mail: [email protected] August 1-4 President'Eiect, Jack Guzewich, Food and Drug Administration, Division of Hyatt Regency Enforcement and Programs, HFS-605, 200 C Street S.W.,"Washington, D.C. Dearborn 20204-0001; Phone: 202.260.3847; E-mail: [email protected] Dearborn, Michigan Vice President, Jenny Scott, National Food Processors Association, 1 350 I Street N.W., Suite 300, Washington, D.C. 20005-3305; Phone: 202.639.5985; E-mail: [email protected] Secretary, James S. Dickson, Iowa State University, Department of Microbiology, 2000 207 Science I, Ames, lA 50011-0001; Phone: 515.294.4733; E-mail: [email protected] August 6-9 Past President, Gale Prince, The Kroger Co., 1014 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH 45202-1 1 00; Phone: 51 3.762.4209; E-mail: [email protected] Hilton Atlanta and Towers Affiliate Council Chair, Elizabeth Johnson, South Carolina Department of Health & Environmental Control, Bureau of Laboratories, 2809 Knightbridge Road, Colum¬ Atlanta, Georgia bia, SC 29223-2126; Phone: 803.935.6201; E-mail: [email protected]. state.sc.us 2001 EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR August 5-8 David W. Tharp, 6200 Aurora Ave., Suite 200W, Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863; Phone: 515.276.3344; E-mail: [email protected] Hilton Minneapolis and Towers SCIENTIFIC EDITOR Minneapolis, Minnesota William LaGrange, Ph.D., Iowa State University, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Food Sciences Building, Ames, lA 5001 1-0001; Phone: 515.294.31 56; Fax: 51 5.294.81 81; E-mail: [email protected] SCIENCE NEWS EDITOR June 30-July 3 Hyatt Regency Doug Powell, Ph.D., UniversityofGuelph, Guelph, Ontario N1 G 2W1 Canada; San Diego Phone: 51 9.570.3928; Fax: 519.824.6631; E-mail: [email protected] San Diego, California “The mission of lAMFES is to provide food safety professionals worldwide with a forum to exchange information on protecting the food supply.” 538 Doiry, Food and Environmentol Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 GARY ACUFF.College Station, TX JULIE A. ALBRECHT.Lincoln, NE JEAN ALLEN. Toronto, Ontario, CAN KEVIN ANDERSON. .Ames, lA HAROLD BENGSCH. .Springfield, MO THOMAS G. BOUFFORD. .St. Paul, MN BOB BRADLEY. .Madison, Wl CHRISTINE BRUHN . .Davis, CA JOHN BRUHN. .Davis, CA LLOYD BULLERMAN. .Lincoln, NE DONNA CHRISTENSEN. Calgary, Alberta, CAN WARREN S. CLARK. .Chicago, IL WILLIAM W. COLEMAN. .Fargo, ND JANET E. COLLINS. .Arlington, VA PETE COOK. .Mt. Airy, MD NELSON COX. .Athens, GA CARL CUSTER. .Washington, D C. CATHERINE CUHER. .Clay Center, NE JIM DICKSON. .Ames, lA ANN DRAUGHON. .Knoxville, TN RUTH FUQUA. .Mt. Juliet, TN JILLGEBLER. .... Yarram, Victoria, AU THOMAS M. GILMORE. .McLean, VA B. A, GLATZ. .Ames, lA DAVID GOMBAS. .Washington, D.C. DAVID HENNING. .Brookings, SD CHARLOHE HINZ. .Leroy, NY JOHN HOLAH. .Gloucestershire, U.K. JILL HOLLINGSWORTH. .Washington, D.C. JIM HUSS. .Ames, lA ELIZABETH JOHNSON. .Columbia, SC SUSAN KLEIN. .Des Moines, lA SHERRI L. KOCHEVAR. .Greeley, CO DOUG LORTON. .Fulton, KY PAUL MARTIN. .Chicago, IL LYNN MCMULLEN. .Edmonton, Alberta, CAN JOHN MIDDLETON. Monukou City, Auckland, N.Z. CATHERINE NEHLES-CUHER .Cloy Center, NE CHRIS NEWCOMER. .Cincinnati, OH DEBBYNEWSLOW. .Orlando, FL FRED PARRISH. .Ames, lA DARYL PAULSON. .Bozeman, MT DAVID PEPER. .Sioux City, lA CHARLES PRICE. .Lombard, IL MICHAEL PULLEN. .White Bear Lake, MN K. T. RAJKOWSKI. .Wyndmoor, PA LAWRENCE A. ROTH. .Edmonton, Alberta, CAN ROBERT SANDERS. .Pensacola, FL RONALD H. SCHMIDT. .Gainesville, FL JOE SEBRANK. .Ames, lA DAVE SMITH. .Nepean, Ontario, CAN PETE SNYDER. .St. Paul, MN JOHN SOFOS. .Ft. Collins, CO LEO TIMMS. .Ames, lA P. C. VASAVADA. .River Falls, Wl E. R. VEDAMUTHU. .Rochester, MN AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation 539 SustainingMembers 3-A Symbol Council, 1500 Second Celsis, Inc., 1801 Maple Ave., Birl Electrol Specialties Company, Ave., SE, Suite 209, Cedar Rapids, lA Bldg., Evanston, IL 60201; 800. 441 Clark St., South Beloit, IL 61080; 52403; 319.286.9221 222.8260 815.389.2291 3M Microbiology Products, 3M Chr. Hansen, Inc., 9015 W. Maple Evergreen Packaging, Division of Center, Bldg. 275, St. Paul, MN St., Milwaukee, WI 53214; 414.607. International Paper, 2400 6th St., 55144-1000; 6l2.733.9558 5700 S.W., Cedar Rapids, lA 52406; 319.399.3236 ABC Research, 3437 S.W. 24th Ave., CIAD A.C., Carr. A La Victoria Km 0.6, Gainesville, FL32607; 352.372.0436 Hermosillo, Sonora MEXICO 83000; F & H Food Equipment Co., P.O. 52.62.80.0057 Advanced Instruments, Inc., Two Box 3985, Springfield, MO 65808; Technology Way, Norwood, MA Cogent Technologies Ltd., 11140 417.881.6114 02062; 781.320.9000 Luschek Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45241; FoodHandler, 514 Grand Blvd., 513.469.6800 Anderson Instrument Co., 156 Westbury, NY 11590; 800.338.4433 Auriesville Road, Fultonville, NY DQCI Services, Inc., 5205 Quincy Foss North America, Inc., 7682 12072; 518.922.5315 St., Mounds View, MN 55112-1400; Executive Dr., Eden Prairie, MN 612.785.0484 ASI Food Safety Consultants, Inc., 55344-3677; 612.974.9892 7625 Page Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63133; DARDEN Restaurants, P.O. Box FRM Chem, Inc., P.O. Box 207, 800.477.0778 593330, Orlando, FL 32859-3330; Washington, MO 63090; 314.583. 407.245.5330 Audits International, 1899 Second 4360 St., Highland Park, IL 60035-3113; Darigold, Inc., 635 Elliott Ave. W., 847.433.0900 P.O. Box 79007, W. Seattle, WA Gardex Chemicals Ltd., 7 Merid¬ 98119; 206.286.6772 ian Road, Etobicoke, ON M9W 4Z6; Becton Dickinson Microbiology 800.563.4273 Systems, Inc., 7 LovetonCircle, Sparks, Dean Foods, P.O. Box 7005, Rock¬ MD 21152-9212; 4l0.584.8959 ford, IL 61101-7005; 815.962.0647 GENE-TRAK Systems, 94 South St., Hopkinton, MAO1748; 508.435.7400 Bentley Instruments, Inc., 4004 Decagon Devices, 950 N.E. Nelson Peavey Road, Chaska, MN 55318; Court, P.O. Box 835, Pullman, WA Gist-brocades International B.V., 612.448.7600 99163; 509.332.2756 N89 W14475 Patrita Dr., Menomo¬ BioControl Systems, Inc., 12822 DiverseyLeverDuBois, 255 E. Fifth nee Falls, WI 53051; 414.255.7955 SE 32nd St., Bellevue, WA 98005; St., Suite 1200, Cincinnati, OH 45202- Glo Germ Company, 150 E. Cen¬ 425.603.1123 4799; 513.762.6794 ter St., Moab, UT 84532-2430; Biolog, Inc., 3938 Trust Way, Hay¬ DonLevy & Associates, Inc., 1551 800.842.6622 ward, CA 94545; 510.785.2564 E. 89th Ave., Merrillville, IN 46410; 219.736.0472 IBA, Inc,, 27 Providence Road, P.O. bioMerieux, Inc., 595 Anglum Box 31, Millbury, MA 01527; 508. Road, Hazelwood, MO 63042-2320; Dynal, Inc., 5 Delaware Dr., Lake 865.6911 800.638.4835 Success, NY 11042; 5l6.326.3270 Capitol Vial, Inc., 4525 E. Skyline, Ecolab, Inc., 370 Wabasha St. N., IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., One Suite 105, Tucson, AZ 85718-1600; St. Paul, MN 55102; 612.293 2364 Idexx Dr., Westbrook, ME 04092; 602.529.0788 207.856.0300 Educational Foundation of the Capitol Wholesale Meats, 911 W. National Restaurant Assn., 250 S. International BioProducts, Inc., 37th Place, Chicago, IL60609-1412; Wacker Dr., Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 14780 N.E. 95th St., Redmond, WA 773.890.0600 60606-3834; 800.765.2122 98052; 425.883.1349 540 Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 SustainingMembers International Dairy Foods Asso¬ Nelson-Jameson, Inc., 2400 Raven Biological Labs, 8607 Park ciation, 1250 H St. N.W., Suite 900, E. Fifth St., P.O. Box 647, Marshfield, Dr., Omaha, NE 68127; 402.593. Washington, D.C. 20005; 202.737. WI 54449-0647; 715.387.1151 0781 4332 Neogen Corporation, 620 Lesher REMEL, Inc., 12076 Santa Fe Dr., J. J. Keller & Associates, 3003 Place, Lansing, MI 48912; 517. Lenexa, KS 66215-3594; 800.255. W. Breezewood Lane, Neenah, WI 372.9200 6730 54957-0368; 920.720.7625 NESTLE USA, Inc., 800 N. Brand Rhodia, Inc., P.O. Box 592, Madi¬ KenAgInc.,101 E. 7th St., Ashland, Blvd., Glendale, CA 91203; 818. son, WI 53701; 800.356.9393 OH 44805; 800.338.7953 549.5799 Rochester Midland Corp., 333 Kraft Foods, Inc,, 801 Waukegan Hollenbeck St., Rochester, NY New Horizons Diagnostics, 9110 Road, Glenview, IL 60025; 847. 14621; 716.336.2360 646.3678 Red Branch Road, Columbia, MD 21045; 410.992.9357 Ross Laboratories, 3300 Stelzer Land O’Lakes, Inc., P.O. Box Road, Columbus, OH 43219; Norton Performance Plastics 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101; 614.624.3785 612.481.2870 Corp., P.O. Box 3660, Akron, OH 44309-3660; 2l6.798.9240 Seiberling Associates, Inc., 94 Malthus Diagnostics, Inc., 35888 North High St., Suite 350, Dublin, Center Ridge Road, North Ridgeville, Organon Teknika Corp., 1(X) Akzo OH 43017-1100; 6l4.764.28n OH 44039; 440.327.2585 Ave., Durham, NC 27712; 919.620. Silliker Laboratories Group, Inc., Maryland & Virginia MUk Pro¬ 2000 ducers Cooperative Assn., Inc., 900 Maple Road, Homewood, IL Oxoid, Inc., 217 Colonnade Road, 1985 Isaac Newton Square, West, 60430; 708.957.7878 Nepean, Ontario, Canada K2E 7K3; Reston, VA 20190-5094; 703.742. 800.567.8378 U.S. Filter, 10 Technology Dr., 6800 Lowell, MA 01851; 508.934.9349 Medallion Labs, 9000 Plymouth PE Applied Biosystems, 850 Lin¬ Universal Sanitizers & Supplies, Ave., Minneapolis, MN 55427; 612. coln Centre Dr., Bldg. 400, Foster Inc., P.O. Box 50305, Knoxville, TN City, CA 94404; 650.638.54l3 540.4453 37950; 423 584.1936 Penn State University, University^ Michelson Laboratories, Inc., Vulcan Chemical Technologies, 6280 Chalet Dr., Commerce, CA Creamery, 12 Borland Laboratory, Inc., 1902 Channel Dr., West Sacra¬ 90040; 562.928.0553 University Park, PA 16802; 814.865. mento, CA 95691; 916.375.0167 7535 NSF International, 3475 Plymouth Warren Analytical Laboratory, Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105; 313.769. PRISM Integrated Sanitation 650 ‘O’ St., P.O. Box G, Greeley, CO 5523 Management, 8300 Executive 80632-0305; 800.945.6669 NASCO International, 901 Janesville Center Dr., Miami, FL 33166-4680; Weber Scientific, 2732 Kuser Road, Ave., Fort Atkinson, WI 53538; 414. 305.592.6312 Hamilton, NJ 08691-9430; 609.584. 563.2446 Process Tek, 1991 Big Bend Dr., 7677 The National Food Laboratory, Des Plaines, II6OOI6; 847.296.9312 6363 Clark Ave., Dublin, CA 94568; West Agro, Inc., 11100 North Con¬ Qualicon, A DuPont Subsidiary, gress Ave., Kamsas City, MO 64153; 510.551.4231 P.O. B0X8O357, Wilmington, DE19880- 816.891.1528 National Food Processors Asso¬ 0357; 302.695.2262 ciation, 1350 I St. N.W., Suite 300, Zep Manufacturing Co., 1310 Sea¬ Washington, D.C. 20005-3305; R-Tech, P.O. Box 64101, St. Paul, board Industrial Blvd., Atlanta, GA 202.639.5985 MN 55164-0101; 800.328.9687 303I8; 404.352.1680 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 541 VIEWS FROM YOUR PRESIDENT As I contemplated what I with ethnic foods is any indica¬ should write for this, my last tion, their new neighbors will column as your President, I quickly develop their own appre¬ reflected upon all the events and ciation for the new foods, creating issues with which your Executive even more new demand. The end Board dealt in the past several result is more importation of these years. This, of course, prompted unique foods. This will affect me to also think about what the lAMFES in several ways. First, future would bring for lAMFES if we are to address the food and how this might affect lAMFES safety issues associated with these Members. I decided that in my new foods, we must develop or final column, I would discuss what acquire the expertise to food By ROBERT E. BRACKEH I believe will be some important safety unique to these products. lAMFES President future changes that will affect The best source of expertise, of lAMFES and its Members. This is course, will be from new' Interna¬ pure speculation, so there is every tional Members in the producing “A look into chance I could be wrong. But I countries themselves. In other also might be right! words, we need to THINK globally Global economy and trade. if we are to address global issues. lAMFES’ There are few places in the world Communications. The rapid future” where the influence of global evolution in computing and trade is not apparent in our daily telecommunications is having lives. Products such as motor dramatic effects on the way both vehicles, consumer electronics, business and professional organ¬ and clothing are often made in izations function. The world wide one country to be sold in another web now allows us to access huge country, by companies with volumes of information and headquarters in still another. The conduct business with vendors same is true with foods. In recent world wide... instantly from your > ears, the global economy has office or home. Many publications brought many new and exciting are now available entirely on line foods to areas in which they were or for purchase on compact disc. previously not found. I believe this T his trend became apparent to trend will continue and perhaps the lAMFES Board and staff several even accelerate in the near future. As people move from their native years ago and led to the launching countries to settle in new ones, of our web page (www.iamfes. they will bring with them certain org). At that time, we anticipated aspects of their culture, particu¬ that the web would be an alternate larly a desire for their native source of information for a limited cuisine. This desire will not only number of our Members. However, lead to increased demand for their both Members and non-members unique foods in their new home, alike have accessed our web page but expose their new neighbors to far more than we ever imagined. these foods. If past experience In fact, it is quickly becoming the 542 Doiry, food ond Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1 999 primary source of Association ually make it possible to imme¬ those that forge alliances with information for both Members and diately detect and identify those of compatible “specialties,” non-members. As telecommunica¬ pathogenic microorganisms or enabling them to share resources, tions and computing improve and their toxins in foods. As such knowledge, and membership evolve, your Association could technology is developed, lAMFES bases. lAMFES should lead the way potentially offer even more will need to educate and inform its in developing such alliances. services that were unimaginable Members as to relevance of the Specialization is also occurring even a few years ago. Electronic new information generated by this within organizations. No longer versions of our journals are only technology data and how it is best are we simply “sanitarians.” The a start. How about being able used. whole field of food protection has to directly access the lAMFES Specialization. The trend become so broad that one simply lending library via the Internet, toward more specialization started can not be an “expert” in every perhaps to use in a training several decades ago. The most aspect. So, we focus on specific commodities (meat, dairy, pro¬ session in different countries... obvious place it occurred was in duce), areas of study (toxicology, all at the same time! Of course, professional services, such as microbiology, HACCP), and even such possibilities will undoubtedly medicine and law. However, this delivery of food safety information cost money and require lots of trend is also occurring in profes¬ (adult education, mass communi¬ planning. But the time to think of sional societies and having some cation). Although this allows for how we can make such possibili¬ profound effects. Professional greater depth of expertise in the ties a reality is NOW. associations such as lAMFES tend individual, it also has the potential Expanded and rapid communi¬ to develop their own unique to fragment the organization. This cations can also have, and is character and reputation. Some can result in some individuals having, unforeseen consequences associations gravitate towards a feeling disenfranchised and that will affect food safety profes¬ focus on more basic science ultimately leaving the Association sionals. For example, the use whereas others more toward for another more “compatible” of the Center for Disease and practical application of those same organization, as discussed above. Prevention’s FoodNet and sciences. This can often lead The challenge to future lAMFES PulseNet efforts have allowed to a rivalry in which the more Executive Boards and Members rapid identification of disease scientific group looks at the more will be to embrace greater profes¬ outbreaks that may have been practical group as “unscientific” sional growlh and specialization completely missed only a decade and the practical group looks upon while at the same time maintain¬ ago. In fact, identification of the scientific group as “ivory ing the traditionally friendly and foodborne outbreaks has become tower.” The truth is, both organiza¬ family oriented character for so rapid that it is beginning to tions can play important roles in which we are known. outpace the industry’s ability to maintaining and improving the Who really knows what the react to the outbreak. The dev¬ safety of the world’s food supply future will bring? But whatever it elopment of newer technology and should be cooperating rather is, it is my hope and expectation may bring even more information than distancing themselves from that our Association will continue for us to deal with in even less one another. I believe that as to be a forward-thinking group time. Devices such as rapid specialization increases, the most that will enable it to be the world’s response biosensors may event¬ successful organizations will be leader in food protection. AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 543 Commentary FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR While preparing for this year’s America. When the journals arrive Annual Meeting in Dearborn, we in the country (or continent) of normally take time to look at the delivery, the journals join the aecomplishments of the Associa¬ regular, surface mail system. This tion since the last Annual Meeting. has allowed our journals to be In doing so, there was quite a list delivered around the globe in and I thought it would be appro¬ 10 to 15 days — a vast improve¬ priate to share part of it with you ment over the three to five months at this time. If you attended the with our old shipping method. Business Meeting on August 2, We have received many supporting this will be old news to you. If comments from Members who you were unable to attend the appreciate this service. By DAVID W. THARP Business Meeting, the following Beginning with the January lAMFES Executive Director information is provided for your issue of the Journal of Food benefit. Protection, a new printer was To begin with, we of course utilized. We were quite happy with “Take time to completed the 1998 lAMFES our previous printer, but the new Annual Meeting with a record printer offered many benefits. The look at the number of attendees. We had one that really sold us, was the 1,152 attend our 85th Annual ability of the printer to place the accomplish¬ Meeting in Nashville and had close table of contents and abstracts for to 90 attend our pre-meeting each issue of the journal on the workshops. Our Committees, Internet and link to our Web site. Speaking of the Web site, ments of the Professional Development Groups it continues to grow with new and Task Forces met and had many information being added weekly. Association” timely recommendations for the In January, we launched a total re¬ Executive Board to consider. make of the Web site growing from At the 1998 Business Meeting, approximately 10 pages to more it was announced that Member¬ than 40 pages of information. ship dues would remain the same Now there are up to 100 pages! if you paid your dues within 30 Included are the table of contents days of the invoice date. We have for Dairy, Food and Environmen¬ seen an excellent respcxnse to this tal Sanitation, the President’s program and the Executive Board and my monthly column. Annual recently voted to continue with Meeting information (including an the same structure through August updated program). Audiovisual of 2000. Therefore, no dues Library listing with an order form, increase for two years in a row! and of course a Membership Another announcement in application form. If you haven’t 1998 had to do with our shipping visited the lAMFES Web site for methods for journals mailed a while, please do so; I’m certain outside of North America. In you will be impressed. There are September, we began using a too many pages of information contractor who airlifts mail available at www.iamfes.org to countries outside of North to list here! 544 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Last fall, we co-sponsored and bial Risk Assessment” and had 35 Membership continues to grow worked in conjunction with the participants. because of the efforts of so many Food Microbiology Committee of Another success that we have of our active Members. Please the International Life Sciences experienced over the past year is a share with your colleagues the Institute on a conference “National growth in Membership. I believe many benefits of your lAMFES Food Safety Initiative; Implications the Web site has brought our Membership and encourage them for Microbial Data Collection, Association to the attention of to join and become actively Analysis, and Application.” There interested persons around the involved in YOUR Association. were about 250 attendees at this world that might not have been Although this is just a short conference. We were thrilled to able to learn about lAMFES summary of our accomplishments be a part of this three-day presen¬ otherwise. We have seen a great since our last Annual Meeting, tation and hope to repeat the number of new Members submit¬ I hope you can see that lAMFES success again in the future. ting Membership Applications that Members, Executive Board, and This past April, we presented were downloaded from the our staff continue to do all we a Workshop in Washington, D.C. lAMFES Web site. We hope to see can to “Advance Food Safety titled “An Insider’s Look at Micro¬ this trend continue! Of course Worldwide.” Sign up today for your lAMFES Membership Your benefits will include: Monthly issues of Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation A monthly publication that provides general information for food safety professionals. fournal of Food Protection A scientific journal of research and review papers on topics in food science. lAMFES Audiovisual Library Videotapes dealing with various food safety issues. The lAMFES Annual Meeting Provides attendees with over 200 presentations on current topics in food protection. Interested individuals can contact: The International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc. 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863, USA Phone: 800.369.6337; 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276.8655 E-mail: [email protected]; Web site: www.iamfes.org AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 545 Dair}', Food and Environtnental Sanitation, Vol. 19, So. 8, Pages 546-550 Copyright© lAMFES, 6200 Aurora Ave., Suite 200W, Des Moines, lA 50322 A Suggested Method for Evaluating Foodhandler/ Processor Handwash Formulations Daryl S. Paulson INTRODUCTION SUMMARY For years, little effort was di¬ The regulatory function for assuring that antimicrobial rected toward assuring the antimi¬ crobial effectiveness of handwash¬ handwash products are effective has been transferred to ing products used by food-process- the FDA from the USDA. BioScience Laboratories, Inc. has ing and food-preparation personnel designed a protocol for testing food-handler handwash (10). However, in recent years, re¬ products for antibacterial efficacy. It is based on the current outbreaks of serious Escheri¬ chia co/t 0157:H7 infection, as well current healthcare personnel handwash evaluation in as notable incidents of food contami¬ which a marker microorganism is used to contaminate nation by other microorganisms subjects’ hands, and the Glove Juice Sampling Procedure throughout the country, have been is used to establish the baseline population. Subjects’ of considerable concern to food in¬ hands are then recontaminated ten successive times, and dustry sanitarians, politicians, and governmental regulatory agencies. each contamination is followed by a hand-wash procedure In response, oversight of handwash with product. Glove juice samples are collected after product effectiveness requirements inoculation/handwash procedures 1, 3, 7, and 10. The has been transferred from USDA to healthcare personnel handwash has been modified to FDA. simulate more closely the conditions of hand Although consumers can be¬ come infected with disease-causing contamination that may be associated with food microorganisms in numerous ways preparation: Escherichia coli is substituted for Serratia — from contaminated countertops, marcescens and, instead of the hands being directly undercooked, microbe-laden meat, inoculated with bacteria, hamburger is inoculated with etc. — the primary focus of this E. coli, and the subjects knead the hamburger so as to paper is microbially contaminated contaminate the hands with bacteria as well as with a employees’ hands (11).A significant number of food-associated disease significant organic load. Also discussed in this article is outbreaks are due to microorgan¬ the importance of assessing a test product’s potential for isms “picked up” on the employees’ causing skin irritation with repeated use. hands and then passed to consum¬ ers via hand/glove contact with food. Perhaps this phenomenon 546 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonilotion - AUGUST 1999 most commonly occurs when food- MATERIALS AND METHODS in this study as it has demonstrated handlers are contaminated by en¬ in the past (17). Insofar as possible, Test solutions and other materi¬ teric microorganisms from contact to ensure an unbiased sampling, als were as follows: with their own feces or the feces of groups of subjects should be mixed others (usually via hand-to-hand or • Sterile Stripping Suspend¬ as to sex, age, and race. All subjects fomite-to-hand transmission) and do ing Fluid (SSF). must be free of clinically evident not remove these microorganisms • Product neutralizing fluid hand dermatoses, injuries to the via an effective handwash (12). The with 0.1% Triton X-100 and hands or forearms, open hand contaminant microorganisms are other appropriate product wounds, hangnails, and/or any other then passed to the food being pre¬ neutralizers to inactivate disorders that might pose a health pared and in turn passed to consum¬ the antimicrobial action of threat to the subject. Standard Insti¬ ers of the food. In contrast, micro¬ the product collected from tutional Review' Board (IRB) pro¬ organisms that reside permanently the hands during the Clove cedures and protocols should be on the hand surfaces, i.e., normal Juice Sampling Procedure. in place and used throughout skin flora, rarely pose any threat Otherwise, the antimicro¬ this evaluation (IRB oversight and of infectious disease to oneself or bial compound is incubated approval, as required by FDA others (18. 19). These microorgan¬ with the microorganisms, assures the safety' of human subjects isms are more important in food allowing the product to be employed in a test protocol). spoilage, particularly in partially in contact with the micro¬ prepared foods such as pre-cooked organism for many hours, Product neutralization w hich could make the prod¬ chicken and fish. Prior to performing this eval¬ uct appear to be more effec¬ The topical antimicrobial hand¬ uation, antimicrobial product tive than it really is. wash products manufactured for neutralizers (inactivators) should • Butterfield’s Phosphate removing contaminant microorgan¬ be evaluated to confirm that they Buffer Solution (BPB) for isms are generally both chemically are effective for inactivating the use as the diluent in the se¬ and antimicrobially very similar to antimicrobial compounds, but do rial dilution schema (4). those used by healthcare personnel not, themselves, inhibit microbial • MacConkey Selective En¬ for washing between patient exami¬ grow'th. The American Society for teric Agar containing appro¬ nations. Food service products, Testing and Materials (ASTM) docu¬ however, should also effectively re¬ priate test product neutral¬ ment entitled “Standard Practices izers for use in selectively move the “organic load” of food in¬ for Evaluating Inactivators of Anti¬ culturing the Escherichia gredients and fat. This is a critical microbial Agents Used in Disin¬ point that can limit and even coli. fectant, Sanitizer, Antiseptic, or • Fryptic Soy Broth (TSB) for prevent the use by foodhandlers/ Preser\'ed Products (ASTM E 1054- use in the neutralization as¬ processors of products very 91)” provides the methodology' for say and for preparing the Es¬ efficacious as healthcare personnel this test. A standard one-way handwashes (13)- cherichia coli inocula to be (factor) Analysis of Variance distributed into the ground We at BioScience Laboratories, (ANOVA) model using a 95% confi¬ Inc. have developed an approach to hamburger. dence interv al (a = 0.05) or a series • High-fat hamburger(2()-25% testing the antimicrobial effective¬ of Student's t tests corrected for ness of foodhandler handwash fat) tt) provide an organic repeated use can be employed to products in a worst-case situation load, making it more diffi¬ assure statistically significant results that we believe will provide accu¬ cult for the product to re¬ from the assay. When multiple rate, precise, and reliable data. The move the marker contami¬ f-tests are performed, the multiply approach is based on the current native microorganisms. estimated f-table values must be Healthcare Personnel Handwash Evaluation published in the FDA’s modified at the a term. The formula Tentative Final Monograph (TFM), SUBJECTS for this is a* = 1 -1(1 -d)*" where with two exceptions (5). First, K=number of /-tests perfomed; Escherichia coli (ATCC #11229) is A sufficient number of overtly a=standard alpha value, and a*= substituted ior Serratia marcescens healthy subjects over age 18 but adjusted alpha value (3)- (ATCC # 14756) as the hand-contami¬ under "O should be recruited into nating microorganism. Second, the the .study to ensure that at least 18 Pre-test periad hands are inoculated not by pipette- subjects per product evaluated com¬ A " day pre-test period is ad¬ transfer, but by hand-kneading plete the study. A reference product equate to assure elimination of any Escherichia co//-contaminated ham¬ should be included in the study de¬ antimicrobial action residual from burger, which provides a worst-case sign to assure the internal validity of use of medicated personal hygiene simulation of the food industry ’s the study, i.e., that the reference products. During this period, sub¬ hand-cleansing requirements. product provides the same efficacy jects should be instructed to avoid AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion 547 use of medicated hand soaps, hand Subject safety antimicrobial product according to wipes, hand gels, lotions, deodor¬ For their safety, the human sub¬ label or supplied instructions. This ants, and shampoos as well as skin jects should not be permitted to leave will be followed by the Glove Juice contact with solvents, detergents, the laboratory test area for any Sampling Procedure. acids, and bases or any other pro¬ reason once testing begins, because Each subject will complete this ducts known to affect the normal their hands will be contaminated inoculation/wash procedure a total microbial populations of the skin. with Escherichia coli. Additionally, of 10 consecutive times, with a mini¬ Each subject participant should subjects should be required to wear mum of 5 and a maximum of 15 be supplied a personal hygiene kit protective laboratory aprons and minutes between procedures. The containing non-medicated soap, be instructed not to touch their Glove Juice Sampling Procedure will shampoo, deodorant, hand/skin garments, faces, or any other body be performed after inoculation/ lotion, and rubber gloves. The rubber parts with their contaminated hands wash cycles 1, 3, 7, and 10. gloves should be worn when during the testing period. Following product application contact with antimicrobials, solvents, and hand-sampling, the subjects will perform a supervised 1-min detergents, acids, or bases cannot Test and practice wash periad be avoided by the participant. Sub¬ hand rinse with 70% ethanol and Each subject will be employed jects should use the items in this kit air-dry, followed by a 4-min surgical for 4 to 5 hours on the test day. Each for all relevant personal hygiene scrub with a 4% Chlorhexidine subject should be required to clip needs throughout their participation Gluconate or 10% Povidone Iodine his/her fingernails to a free-edge of solution and a water rinse to remove in the study. Finally, participants < 2 mm, if this has not already been any residual Escherichia coli (ATCC should avoid using UV tanning beds done. All jewelry will be removed #11229) from the hands. and swimming or bathing in biocide- from the hands and arms prior to Following the prescribed wash, treated pools or hot tubs. beginning the test period. powder-free, loose-fitting sterile A practice wash should be per¬ latex gloves are placed on the ESCHERICHIA COLI formed using a non-medicated subject’s hands. At the designated CONTAMINATION “bland” soap and employing the sampling times, 75 ml of Sterile Strip¬ wash procedure to be used in test¬ ping Suspending Fluid without Inoculum preparation ing. The practice wash will ensure product neutralizers is instilled into To prepare the Escherichia coli that each subject understands and is the sampling gloves. The wrists are (ATCC# 11229) inoculum, a 10-ml capable of repeatedly performing secured, and an attendant massages the hand through the glove in a tube of Tryptic Soy Broth should be the wash procedure. The tempera¬ uniform manner for 60 seconds. A inoculated with a loopful of a stock ture of the water used for this and all 5.0 ml aliquot of the glove juice culture and incubated at 30°±2°C for subsequent wash cycles should be (dilution lO'O is removed and 40°±2°C. 24±2 hours. After the incubation serially diluted in Sterile Stripping period, 1.0 ml of the 10.0 ml broth Suspending Fluid with product culture should be aseptically trans¬ Baseline bacterial caunt neutralizers and Butterfield’s Phos¬ ferred to a 2-liter flask containing On the test day, each human phate buffer solution. 1 liter of sterile Tryptic Soy Broth, subject will handle and knead a ham¬ which is then incubated for 20±2 burger patty contaminated with Bacterial caunts hours at 30°±2°C and checked for Escherichia coli for 2 minutes. This Duplicate spread plates are pre¬ purity. The resulting culture is used constitutes the bacterial inoculation pared from each dilution, using to inoculate each 4-ounce (113 g), of the hands. This first inoculation MacConkey Agar that contains raw hamburger patty to achieve a cycle, which provides “baseline” in¬ tested antimicrobial product neutral¬ oculation recovery levels using the contaminant level of approximately izers, and incubated at 30°±2°C for Glove Juice Sampling Procedure, 5.0 X 10” CFU/patty. The inoculated approximately 48 hours. Escheri¬ should be followed with a 30-s chia coli (ATCC #11229) will hamburger is then kneaded for 2 handwash using non-medicated minutes by a gloved technician to produce purple colonies with a soap. The subject will repeat this metallic sheen on MacConkey’s distribute the Escherichia coli uni¬ procedure twice to produce a total Agar, and only those colonies should formly throughout the patty. The of 3 baseline measurements, which be counted. Those plates providing hamburger should be quantitatively are then averaged. Escherichia coli (ATCC #11229) assayed for recoverable, viable colony counts between 25 and 250 Escherichia coli at the beginning Inaculatian/wash pracedures should preferentially be utilized and end of the use period. That the After completion of baseline as the data source. The estimated raw hamburger often will have a sampling, each subject will manipu¬ number of viable microorganisms bioburden prior to its inoculation is late an inoculated hamburger patty recovered from each hand is ob¬ accommodated by this step. and then wash with the assigned test tained from the formula (14) 548 Doity, Food and Environmentol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Stem-Leaf Ordering, Letter Value cells. Increased levels of cytokines, displays, and Box Plots are generated which are associated with skin to assure the data collected approxi¬ allergies and irritation, have been where; R = estimated number of mate the normal distribution (20). observed in skin lymphatic fluids bacteria, If this is the case, a series of Student’s following skin exposure to sodium 75 = amount of stripping fluid t tests (adjusted for multiple com¬ lauryl sulfate, an extremely common dispersed into each sampling glove, parisons) are conducted using the anionic detergent. Ix i = average of the duplicate agar 0.05 level of significance for Type 1 The most commonly observed n plate counts, and D=Dilution (a) error. irritation effects include (1) “soap- level. We have determined that, when effect,” in which the skin appears at least 18 subjects per product are shiny and wrinkled; (2) “rough¬ Because the R-value represents used, the data variability or standard ness,” in which the skin looks and an exponential mathematical distri¬ deviation (S) is ± 0.5 log. Using the feels “rough,” with fine scaling bution, statistical analysis should be equation (12). present; (3) redness; (4) swelling; conducted on a linearized data dis¬ and (5) cracks and fissures (16). tribution. This is achieved by using n> Usually, these effects appear in com¬ an R* value in place of R, where R* = ly bination at different sites on the skin log,„R. where: n = sample size per prod¬ and at different degrees of severity. uct; S = known standard deviation of Although visual scoring of hand Statistical analysis samples for log,,, microbial popula¬ irritation indices are simple and tions; z„,,j=alpha level at 0.05 = 1.96 generally effective in providing A pre-post experimental design for two-tail test; z,^ = power of the important information concerning is utilized to evaluate and compare statistic (80%) = 0.842; D = clinical irritation potential, transepidermal the antimicrobial effectiveness (7, difference of significance to be water loss measurements are more 8). For example, such a design for ruled out (20%). A 20% reduction accurate and precise for such two test products and one reference from baseline of the control or refer¬ evaluations. Transepidermal water product would appear as follows: ence product at a specific sampling loss instrumentation measures the time is considered adequate for de¬ barrier function of the stratum Pre-Product Application Samples tecting significance. Hence, 18 sub¬ comeum, a main indicator of skin jects are enough to ensure that Type irritation (16). R(i)o(i)ji),ji),^ 1 (a) error can be set at 0.05 and that R(2)0(2),^ (2),^ (2),^ Type 11 (8) error will not be exces¬ Skin irritation evaluations sive. Recall that Type 1 error is the A topical antimicrobial product R(3)0(3),, (3),, (3),^ probability of concluding the prod¬ can be usefully evaluated for its irri¬ uct is effective when it is not. This tation potential compared to that of error, the more critical of the two, is competitors’ products in a multiple controlled by setting a at the 0.05 product study. One can link the skin Post-Product Application level or less. Type 11 error (manufac¬ irritation and antimicrobial evalua¬ Samples turers’ risk) is the probability of tions together or perform the skin concluding that a product is not irritation study as a free-standing effective when it is. If any doubts A(1)0(1),0(1)3 0(1), 0(1)„ evaluation. For the latter approach, exist as to maintaining the sampling the investigator must recruit a set variability at ± 0.5 log, increasing the A(2) 0(2), 0(2)30(2), 0(2),„ number of human volunteers who number of subjects sampled, will be meet protocol and the In.stitutional helpful. A(3) 0(3), 0(3)3 0(3), 0(3),„ Review Board (IRB) requirements for participating in the study. The SKIN IRRITATION subjects should be placed on a re¬ stricted “conditioning” products where R(l) = subjects randomly It is important to recognize the regimen for 7 days, just as in the assigned to 1 of 3 products; A(I) = skin irritation potential of the prod¬ antimicrobial efficacy study. This independent variables 1 is test uct (15). If it causes irritation to the brings all subjects’ skin conditions product, 2 is test product, and 3 is hands, it simply will not be used. to a common state and eliminates reference product); 0(1), = depen¬ Detergents irritate the skin by dam¬ the biasing influences of extraneous dent variables = microbial counts at aging the stratum corneum so as to baseline (BL) and after the i'*" prod¬ products on outcomes for the tested impair its “barrier” functions, usu¬ uct use (washes 1, 3, 7 and 10). product(s). The subjects’ hand can Prior to performing a statistical ally by removing normal skin oils then be “baseline” graded for analysis. Exploratory Data Analysis (12). Additionally, they may be toxic dryness, swelling, chaffing, rash, should be performed on the data. to living epidermis and the dermis redness, cracking, fissures, etc. AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food and Environmental Sanitation 549 Depending on the study’s intent, a Kruskal-Wallis Model. This non¬ 6. Gibbons,). D. 1976. Nonparametric visual examination or transepider- parametric analog of a one-factor methods for quantitative analysis. mal instrumentation measurement ANOVA model (6, 16) is used to Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York. 7. Hicks, C. R. 1993. Fundamental of water loss and skin moisture evaluate multiple groups in terms of concepts in the design of experi¬ content can be performed to collect one factor, such as the comparative ments, 4th ed. Holt, Rinehart & Win¬ these baseline values. irritation effects of five different hand ston, New York. The subjects then use the soaps. 8. Neter, j., M. H. Kuter, C. J. Nacht- product(s) in a standardized manner sheim, and W. Wasserman. 1996. for 10 to 50 washes per day over the Applied linear statistical models, 4th course of 1 to 4 days. Following each CONCLUSION ed., Irwin, Chicago. wash, every fifth wash, or some 9. Palton, M. Q. 1990. Qualitative evalu¬ In manufacturing topical anti¬ other pre determined standard time ation methods, 2nd ed. Sage, microbial products for use in the interval, the hands are evaluated Newbury Park, CA. food industry, it is important that visually and/or instrumentally. 10. Paulson, D. S. 1996. “To glove or to they be tested modeling environ¬ wash: Acurrent controversy,” Food When using transepidermal Quality, June/July, 60-63. water loss instrumentation, standard mental conditions (e.g., organic fat 11. Paulson, D. S. 1997. “Foodbome dis¬ parametric statistics — t tests or load). This will assure that the pro¬ ease: Controlling the problem.” En¬ ducts sold are effective in degerming A NOVA — can be used. However, vironmental health. May 1997. the hands. Moreover, it is important nonparametric statistical models are 12. Paulson, D. S. 1999. Topical antimi¬ more appropriate than parametric to know the irritation potential of crobial testing and evaluation. ones for analyzing data from visual the product so it can be designed Marcel-Dekker, New York. grading, which is a subjective rat¬ to be not only effective but non¬ 13. Paulson, D. S. 1994. “A comparative ing system (9). Nonparametric sta¬ irritating to the skin of the user. evaluation of different hand cleans¬ tistics do not utilize parameters ers.” Dairy, Food & Environ. Sanit. (mean, standard deviation, and vari¬ 14:524-528. 14. Paulson,D.S. 1996. “Abroad-based ance) in evaluating data and are of¬ ABOUT THE AUTHOR approach to evaluating topical an¬ ten used when the sample size is BioScience Laboratories, Inc., timicrobial pr(xlucts.”/w J. M. Ascenzi small (12). Additionally, with small P. O. Box 190, 300 North Willson (ed.). Handbook of disinfectants and sample sizes such as may be encoun¬ Avenue, Bozeman, Montana 59715; antiseptics. Marcel-Dekker, New tered in pilot studies, normal data Phone: 406.587.5735. York. distribution cannot be assured, and 15. Paulson, D. S. 1987. “Statistical Eval¬ nonparametric statistics are there¬ uations: how they can aid in devel¬ REFERENCES fore preferred. A normal “bell oping successful cosmetics,” soaps/ 1. Conover, W.J. 1980. Practical non¬ curve” distribution is not a require¬ cosmetics/chemical specialties. parametric statistics. John Wiley, Sept. 37-38. ment for nonparametric models New York. 16. Paulson, D. S. 1998. “Skin irritation although it is for parametric ones 2. Daniel, W. W. 1978. Applied non¬ and what it means to you," soaps/ (2). parametric statistics. Hoiighton- cosmetics/chemical specialties. Nov, Common nonparametric mod¬ Mifflin, Boston. 17. Polkinghorne, D. 1983. Methodol¬ els include the following; 3. Dixon, W. J., and F. J. Ma.ssey. 1983. ogy for the human sciences. SUNY, Introduction to statistical analysis, Albany, NY. The Mann-Whitney Statistic. 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York. 18. Schaechter, M., and B. 1. Eisenstein, This test, the nonparametric analog 4. Food and Drug Administration. 1994. 1993. Mechanisms of microbial dis¬ of Student’s t test (1), is used to “Tentative final monograph for ease, 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkens, compare two product groups to one health care antiseptic drug pro¬ Baltimore. another. Unlike the parametric ducts.” 21 CFR, Parts 333 and 369: 19. Van Way, 111, C. W., and Buerk, C. A. Student’s t test that must assume a 31446. 1978. Surgical skills in patient 5. Fotxl and Drug Administration. 1994. care. C. V. Mosby, St. Louis. normal “bell-shaped” distribution, “Tentative final monograph for 20. Vellman, P. F., and D. C. Hoaglin. the Mann-Whitney statistic requires health care antiseptic drug prod¬ 1981. Applications, basics, and com¬ only that the sample data collected ucts.” 21 CFR, Parts 333 and 369: puting of exploratory data analysis. be randomly selected. 31402-31452. Duxbuiy Press, Boston. Doiry, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Dairy, Food and Emnronmental Sanitation, Vol. 19, No. 8, Pages 551-562 Copyright© lAMFES, 6200 Aurora Ave., Suite 200W, Des Moines, lA 50322 Guidelines to Prevent Post-Processing Contamination from Listeria monocytogenes R. Bruce Tompkin,’ Virginia N. Scott,Dane T. Bernard,^ William H. Sveum,^ and Kathy Sullivan Gombas"* INTRODUCTION SUMMARY This document is intended to ap¬ ply to refrigerated, ready-to-eat Extensive efforts to control Listeria monocytogenes (RTF.) foods that support the can reduce the frequency and level (CFU/g or cm^ of growth of Listeria monocytogenes, contamination, but it is not possible, given currently although the guidelines may be available technology, to eradicate it from the processing applied to other products to mini¬ mize contamination with L. mono¬ environment or totally eliminate the potential for cytogenes. However, not all the contamination of finished products. Because of the serious guidelines listed below apply in all nature of listeriosis in the susceptible population, industry situations. The controls for L mono¬ cytogenes will be product, process must take stringent measures to control Z. monocytogenes and plant specific; therefore, these in ready-to-eat foods in which the organism can grow. recommendations should be consid¬ This document provides practical guidelines for preventing ered only as guidelines. These guide¬ recontamination of products with Z. monocytogenes, lines may need to be adjusted as we gain new knowledge and better un¬ including controls directed toward preventing derstand how to control L. mono¬ contamination of product contact surfaces and preventing cytogenes in the plant environment. the establishment and growth of the organism in niches Listeriosis is a serious disease that in the plant environment. Although this document focuses is caused by the bacterium L. monocytogenes and that results on refrigerated, ready-to-eat products that support the primarily from consumption of con¬ growth of Z. monocytogenes, the guidelines may be taminated foods (4, 5). Although list¬ applied to other products to minimize contamination. eriosis can occur in otherwise The guidelines, which cover General Considerations, healthy adults and children, certain populations — pregnant women, Processing Operations, Packaging and Storage Operations, neonates, the elderly, and immuno- Equipment Considerations, General Plant Sanitation, and suppressed individuals are more Employee Personal Hygiene, also provide general guidance susceptible to listeriosis (4, 5). on environmental monitoring programs that use indicator Foods implicated in outbreaks and in sporadic cases have been limited organisms such as “generic Listeria" to verify the to a few refrigerated products that effectiveness of the Z. monocytogenes control program. supported the growth of the organ¬ ism to high numbers (4). AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food and Environmental Sanitation 551 and validate such a process; instead, TABLE 1. Common sites of L monocytogenes contamination the focus for heat-treated products will be on preventing recontamina¬ Filling or packaging equipment tion of products that are sub¬ sequently handled or further pro¬ Conveyors cessed (sliced, repackaged, etc.). Solutions used in chilling food Most of the risk of contamination with A. monocytogenes is from po¬ Slicers, dicers, shredders, blenders, etc. used after heating or decontaminating tential recontamination after heat¬ and before packaging ing; in general, there is a low risk of L. monocytogenes surviving a heat Collators used for assembling/arranging product for packaging treatment. This document can also be ap¬ Racks for transporting finished product plied to operations in which there is no heat treatment to destroy Hand tools, gloves, aprons, etc. that contact exposed finished product L. monocytogenes, but in which there is a need to minimize contami¬ Spiral freezers/blast freezers nation of the product. These opera¬ Containers such as bins, tubs, or baskets used for holding food while it is tions may include steps to remove waiting to be further processed or packaged the organism by peeling, washing, etc. Control in these operations must focus not only on reducing the numbers of L. monocytogenes on products by physical means, but L. monocytogenes is widespread adulterant, they will request that also on preventing the establishment in the environment; it is found in companies recall product that is and growth of L. monocytogenes in soil, water, sew'age, and decaying found to contain L. monocytogenes the environment. vegetation and can be isolated (6). Because L. monocytogenes will readily from humans, domestic ani¬ Providing effective control of continue to be introduced into a mals (including pets), raw agricul¬ L. monocytogenes is challenging plant’s environment, control must tural commodities, food processing and, because it can be very resource be directed toward preventing its environments, and the home (5). intensive, management must be establishment and growth in the The organism is found in a wide va¬ committed to expending the re¬ environment. L. monocytogenes re¬ riety of foods, including meats, poul¬ sources necessary to resolving the contamination can come from mul¬ try, vegetables, dairy products, and problem, protecting the business, tiple sources, and control through fishery products (4, 5), in fact, in and assuring consumer safety (1,2). Hazard Analysis and Critical Control just about any cool, damp environ¬ Employees must be trained to under¬ Points (HACCP) CCPs is therefore ment. This is one reason why floor stand the problem, the potential usually impractical; prerequisite drains frequently contain high popu¬ sources of the organism, and the programs (7^ are the foundation for lations of Listeria spp. Because of specific controls the plant is employ¬ L. monocytogenes control, with its pervasiveness, the organism is ing for control of L. monocytogenes GMPs, sanitation, and training tar¬ constantly re-introduced into the (2). This employee training will go geted toward specific control of this plant environment. Extensive efforts far beyond the normal training in to control L. monocytogenes can organism. While some may not agree Good Manufacturing Practices reduce the amount and level of with this position, the focus should contamination, but cannot, given (GMPs). Management should strive be on having a program to control currently available technology, to instill a sense of personal respon¬ recontamination by L. monocyto¬ eradicate it from the processing sibility for the safety and quality of genes rather than on what the environment or totally eliminate the food that is being produced. specific controls are called. the potential for contamination of Because L. monocytogenes is To verify L. monocytogenes finished products (1,5, 8). However, present on raw ingredients, many control, plants should implement because of the serious illness, and processing plants have adopted an environmental monitoring pro¬ even death, that it can cause in sus¬ steps to destroy or remove the or¬ gram for an indicator such as IJst- ceptible individuals, it is imperative ganism to the extent possible within eria spp. (8). This program, specific that industry take stringent mea¬ the operation. For cooked products, to the plant, should detail the areas sures to control the potential for the plant should verify that the heat to be sampled (or IJsteria spp. (“ge¬ contaminating RTE foods. Because treatment is adequate to destroy neric Listeria"), the frequency of IJ.S. regulatory agencies consider /,. monocytogenes. This document sampling, and the action to be taken /.. monocytogenes in RTE foods an does not focus on how to establish when Listeria spp. is detected. This 552 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 TABLE 2. Examples of L. monocytogenes reservoirs in the plant L monocytogenes is possible in a controlled environment, contamina¬ tion more likely will occur after the Equipment framework and other equipment in the area organism has become established in a niche, after which routine clean¬ Floors ing and sanitizing become ineffec¬ Drains tive. As the equipment is operated, the bacteria work their way out of Walls, especially if there are cracks that retain moisture the niche and become deposited onto the outer surfaces of the equip¬ Ceilings, overhead structures, catwalks ment. As product moves over or through the equipment, the con¬ Condensate tamination is spread downstream to other areas along the product flow. Insulation in walls or around pipes and cooling units that has become wet This situation can be corrected only by identifying the source or niche Trolleys, forklifts, walk-alongs of L monocytogenes growth and Cleaning tools such as sponges, brushes, floor scrubbers eliminating it. Some of the sites found to be potential harborages are Maintenance tools shown in Table 3. In addition to the possible estab¬ lishment of L monocytogenes in a niche, certain conditions that have led to product contamination de¬ aspect of a control program will be Other areas of the environment serve extra attention. Examples of covered in detail later in the docu¬ can serve as indirect sources of conditions that have caused prob¬ ment. L monocytogenes. These areas may lems and should be viewed as “red harbor the organism and under cer¬ flags” include the following: tain conditions lead to contamina¬ CONTROL GUIDELINES tion of product contact surfaces or a. A packaging line is moved or modified significantly. These guidelines are organized the food. Controlling the presence into General Considerations, Pro¬ of A. monocytogenes in the environ¬ b. Used equipment is brought cessing Operations, Packaging and ment can reduce the risk that prod¬ from storage or another Storage Operations, Equipment Con¬ uct or a product contact surface will plant and installed into the siderations, General Plant Sanitation, become contaminated. The signifi¬ process flow. and Employee Personal Hygiene. cance of these areas will vary de¬ c. An equipment breakdown pending upon the facility, the occurs. General cansiderations process(es), the temperature and d. Construction or major humidity of the room, and the food. A control program for L mono¬ modifications are made to Examples of places where L. mono¬ cytogenes should emphasize the an RTE product area (e.g., cytogenes may occur are shown in more common sources of direct replacing refrigeration Table 2. product contamination. The great¬ units or floors, replacing Consideration should also be est risk for product contamination or building walls, modify¬ given to the potential for L mono¬ occurs when a product contact sur¬ ing sewer lines). cytogenes to be brought back into face is contaminated. This risk is e. A new employee, unfamil¬ the clean environment, which may highest between the point where a iar with the operation and occur because of traffic in the food is cooked, pasteurized, decon¬ L monocytogenes controls, processing and packaging areas has been hired to work in, taminated, etc. and the point where (people and equipment, such as or to clean equipment in, the food is packaged. To effectively trolleys and forklifts, entering from the RIT, product area. manage the risk of product contami¬ more contaminated points in the nation, it is necessary to assess operation) or unscheduled equip¬ f. Personnel who handle RTE where along the product flow the ment maintenance. product touch surfaces or exposed food is most likely to be¬ It should be recognized that, in equipment that are likely to come contaminated. This is generally a plant with an effective control be contaminated (e.g., wherever something has direct con¬ program, L. monocytogenes con¬ f kxir, trash cans) and do not tact with the unpackaged product. tamination, when it occurs, is line change gloves or follow- Examples of some common sites of or equipment specific. Although other required procedures contamination are shown in Table 1. random isolated contamination with before handling product. AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, food ond Environmental Sanitation 553 n. Heat exchangers become TABLE 3. Potential harborage sites for L monocytogenes compromised (e.g., with pinholes). Hollow rollers for conveyors o. Equipment parts, (tubs, screens, etc.) are cleaned Roller guards on the floor. Sheers, dicers p. Waste bins in the RTE area are not properly main¬ On/off switches tained, cleaned, and sani¬ tized; personnel handling Rubber seals around doors product may contact these items and then contaminate Damp insulation product and/or product contact surfaces. Fibrous or porous conveyor belts q. Traffic flow between raw and ready-to-eat areas is not Conveyor scrapers, especially if frayed and in poor condition adequately controlled (e.g., maintenance personnel and Open bearings within equipment such as slicers, strippers, etc. their tools, outside contrac¬ tors, etc.). Hollow implements, including box cutters Trash cans and other such ancillary items Processing operations As noted before, meat, poultry, Standing water in production areas vegetables, dairy products, seafood, and other raw ingredients may be Cleaning tools, including mops and sponges contaminated with L. mono¬ cytogenes, although the presence of Poorly maintained in-line air filters through which compressed air must pass the organism and the levels of Wet rusting or hollow framework contamination vary widely (4, 5). These ingredients should be man¬ Motor housings aged as if they are contaminated, and steps should be taken to prevent Walls/crevices of spiral freezers cross-contamination from raw ingre¬ dients to products that have been Ice makers treated to eliminate or reduce the contamination. Cracked hoses Separating raw products from semi-finished and finished products is key to preventing cross-contami¬ nation. g. Periods of heavy produc¬ cooked product area. If this 1. Wherever possible, flow of tion make it difficult to occurs, the process must be product through the opera¬ clean the floors of holding stopped, the unacceptable tion, from the raw ingredients product removed, and the coolers as scheduled. to the finished product should equipment recleaned and h. A drain backs up. be linear. sanitized. i. Product is caught or hung k. Frequent product change- a. Plants and/or practices up on equipment, resulting overs on a packaging line must be rearranged, if nec¬ in stagnant product in the necessitate changing form¬ essary, to improve the system, which can be a ma¬ ing pockets, dies or molds, flow of product, equip¬ jor site of microbial growth line speeds, etc. ment, and people to en¬ during production; the l. Personnel are used inter¬ sure separation of raw equipment should be modi¬ changeably for packaging from cooked or treated fied to eliminate areas raw and cooked products. product. where product stops mov¬ m. Production increases, re¬ b. In some operations, it may ing along or through a pro¬ quiring wet cleaning of be necessary to establish cessing line. down lines in the same positive air flow on the j. Raw or underprocessed room as lines running prod¬ “clean” side of the opera¬ product is detected in a uct. tion relative to the “dirty” 554 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 TABLE 4. Areas that should be cleaned with quats or peracid “dirty” or “raw” side of the op¬ sanitizers eration to the “clean” or • N “cooked” side. Some specific measures which should be Area Frequency considered for controlling the transfer of L monocytogenes Drains Daily to clean areas are as follows: Floors Daily a. Equipment, utensils and people in raw and cooked Waste containers & storage Daily areas should not be inter¬ changed during the w'ork- Walls Weekly/monthly ing day. Condensate drip pans Weekly/monthly b. Drains from the “dirty” or “raw” side should not be HVAC Weekly/monthly connected to those in the “clean” or “cooked” side. Coolers Weekly/monthly c. As an option, plant man¬ agement may install foot Spiral freezers Semi-annually baths; if they are installed, they must be properly maintained to prevent their becoming a source of side (e.g., maintain nega¬ ducts are exposed. Other¬ contamination. Maintain¬ tive air pressures in raw wise, they must be prop¬ ing clean dry floors is pre¬ product areas and positive erly hung and controlled ferred to the use of foot pressures on the clean or during production. baths, unless there is a spe¬ finished product side). cific need that cannot be d. Separate utensils, carts, 2. Operations must be compart¬ addressed otherw ise. Foot racks, totes, equipment, mentalized as needed to bath solutions should con¬ cleaning utensils, etc., enhance the separation of raw tain stronger concentra¬ ingredients and processed color coded where practi¬ tions of sanitizer than products. cal, should be used for the would normally be used a. Dedicated washing areas RTE product area. on equipment (e.g., 200 and CIP/COP (clean in e. Where possible, overhead ppm iodophor, 400 to 800 place, clean out of place) fixtures should be elimi¬ ppm quaternary ammo¬ systems should be pro¬ nated in the RTE area, es¬ nium compound); a mini¬ vided for cooked or pecially over open prod¬ mum depth of 2 inches of treated product equip¬ solution is recommended. ment and raw processing uct zones; overhead fix¬ Chlorine is not recom¬ equipment. tures should be on a mended for this use as it b. Rework and trash barrels scheduled maintenance becomes too quickly inac¬ for cooked or treated and cleaning program. tivated; if chlorine is used, product areas should be la¬ f. Where possible, wet pro¬ beled or color coded and attention must be given cess areas should be iso¬ not be used elsewhere in to monitoring and main¬ lated from other produc¬ the plant. They must be taining its strength. Foot tion areas; at a minimum, cleaned and sanitized baths will be ineffective if daily, or more frequently standing water should be cleated boots are carrying if environmental sampling removed as soon as pos¬ large particles of dirt or data indicate this is neces¬ sible. plant waste. sary. 3. Traffic flow patterns between d. As another option, a foam c. Before the start of opera¬ the raw ingredients and the disinfectant may be tion each day, hoses are to processed products sides of sprayed on the floor as be removed if possible the operation must be con¬ people or rolling stock from the manufacturing trolled to prevent transfer of (carts, forklifts, etc.) enter areas where RTE pro¬ L monocytogenes from the the room. AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 555 Water used in processing oper¬ be reviewed before any new spray from the wheels onto ations in which it will come in or replacement equipment is the rack and product as the contact with product, e.g., chill acquired. racks are moved. water for RTE products and for b. Previously used equipment, i. Racks used in operations blanched vegetables to be used in even though visually clean, after products are cooked RTE products, should contain may harbor pathogens; such can be a significant source of an antimicrobial agent known to be equipment must be thor¬ contamination if not prop¬ effective against L monocytogenes oughly cleaned and sanitized, erly cleaned and sanitized and approved for the specific disassembling as needed, before use; the most reliable application at the lev'els used. prior to putting it into pro¬ method of sanitizing racks is duction. with heat. Heat can be ap¬ Packaging and storage c. Equipment must be properly plied by (1) a hot water operations maintained to minimize (180°F) rinse in a rack washer in which the racks Pallets entering the packaging breakdowns and the atten¬ will reach a temperature of room must be clean, dry and in good dant risk of contamination 160°F or higher, (2) steam ap¬ condition, and exposed products during repair. plied in a cabinet after clean¬ must be stored and packaged in a d. Damaged, pitted, corroded, ing in a rack washer, or (3) clean, dry environment, for the fol¬ or cracked equipment should lowing reasons: placing the racks into an be repaired or replaced. oven and applying moist heat a. Bacteria cannot multiply e. Equipment or catwalk frame¬ to raise the temperature of without water; therefore, if work should not be hollow, the racks to 160°F or higher. the environment is clean and which could allow water to When heat is used to sanitize, dry, L. monocytogenes re¬ collect and harbor L. mono¬ it is essential that the equip¬ mains dormant or perhaps cytogenes. ment be thoroughly cleaned dies. f. Lubricants that contain addi¬ so the heat does not bake the b. There is less transfer of bac¬ tives (e.g., sodium benzoate) soil on, making it more diffi¬ teria from surfaces if the sur¬ that are listericidal should be cult to remove, and resulting faces are clean and dry. used; lubricants can become in more contamination prob¬ c. The spread of contamination contaminated with product lems in the future. by vehicular and pedestrian residue and become a center j. Regular maintenance sched¬ traffic is reduced consider¬ for growth of L monocyto¬ ules should be adopted and ably if the floors are clean genes. followed to minimize the and dry. g. Conveyor designs and loc¬ potential for harborages and d. The cooling units in packag¬ ations that are difficult to to reduce the potential for ing rooms and coolers for ex¬ clean and sanitize must be contamination of equipment posed product should have avoided. Conveyors for prod¬ due to unscheduled repair dehumidifying capability. To uct prior to packaging should operations. facilitate the removal of hu¬ not contain hollow rollers. mid air and to dry floors af¬ k. For maintenance of equipment ter cleaning, it may be neces¬ Conveyors or other process¬ in the cooked, RTE product sary to exhaust air outside the ing equipment in which area it may be necessary to plant. Heating air within a product is exposed should use tools dedicated to this room can also be effective for not be locate near the floor, area or to sanitize tools prior removing moisture at the end as this is a likely source of to use in this area. Mainte¬ of the cleaning/sanitizing L. monocytogenes. Over¬ nance personnel should wear process. head conveyors should be clean smocks that are not avoided if possible, as they used in raw material areas. Equipment considerations are more difficult to clean, Equipment should be re-sani¬ Proper design and maintenance sanitize and inspect; a safety tized after maintenance work of equipment is essential. ladder should be provided, or on or around product con¬ a. Equipment must be designed the conveyor should be de¬ tact surfaces. to facilitate cleaning and to signed so it can be lowered minimize sites where micro¬ for cleaning. General plant sanitation bial multiplication can occur. h. Racks used for transporting a. Sanitation procedures de¬ Acceptability of the design exposed cooked product signed to control L. mono¬ from a microbiological and should have cover guards cytogenes should be used. sanitation standpoint should over the wheels to prevent The frequency of cleaning 556 Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 and sanitizing the equipment ing!. monocytogenes. Areas spread L. monocytogenes, and environment of a plant that should be sanitized with they are therefore counter¬ depends upon experience such compounds and a sug¬ productive in that they in¬ and microbiological data. gested frequency are shown crease the risk of L. mono¬ Visual inspection is very in Table 4. cytogenes contamination and important in verifying equip¬ d. The cleanup crew should make it more difficult to con¬ ment cleanliness. Routine receive special training in trol L. monocytogenes. microbiological testing (e.g., proper procedures to control h. Some plants have found the Aerobic Plate Count) allows L. monocytogenes, as well as following sanitizing pro¬ the plant to develop a close monitoring and correc¬ cedure to be helpful: After baseline for comparison tion to improve and maintain cleaning the equipment, ap¬ purposes, observe trends, a high level of performance. ply a high level of sanitizer and detect a developing (e.g., 800 ppm quat), allow sanitation problem. ATP e. Priority must be given to it to stand for about 20 min¬ monitoring systems can also rooms and equipment used utes, rinse thoroughly, and for holding and packaging be useful tools for monitor¬ then apply the normal level exposed ready-to-eat product. ing overall sanitation in the of sanitizer (e.g., 200 ppm Areas where products are plant. However, these pro¬ quat or chlorine). At the end stored or processed are of cedures (visual inspection, of the production week, the lower priority because inad¬ A PC counts, ATP monitoring) high level of sanitizer can be equately cleaned equipment do not give the same degree of left on the equipment until in raw processing areas has assurance that L monocyto¬ shortly before start-up. The not been associated with a genes is not present as does sanitizer is then rinsed off, problem of L. monocyto¬ environmental testing for the normal level is applied, genes in finished product. Listeria spp. (as outlined and the room is prepared Consideration should be later in this document). for start-up. Under certain given to assigning the most circumstances, it may be ben¬ b. Successful control of L mono¬ capable and experienced eficial to spray an aerosol of cytogenes requires consis¬ personnel to areas where 200 ppm quat into a room as tency and attention to detail, RTE products are handled a final step in the cleaning following these steps; (1) dry and packaged. clean, (2) pre-rinse the equip¬ and sanitizing process; f. It is very desirable, even nec¬ ment, (3) visually inspect the weekly or monthly fogging essary in some cases, to have equipment, (4) foam and may be useful. a person on the staff whose scrub the equipment, (5) i. Rotating other sanitizers primary responsibility is to rinse the equipment, (6) vi¬ (e.g., chlorine, acid-anionic, monitor the cleaning and sually inspect the equip¬ peracid and iodophors) into sanitizing process whenever ment, (7) clean the floors, the sanitation program may it occurs to be certain it is (8) sanitize the equipment provide for greater effective¬ done correctly. This person and floors, (9) conduct post¬ ness. Consideration can be should recognize the urgency sanitation verification, (10) of having the plant ready on given to using new' peracid- dry the floors, (11) clean and time for startup, but this con¬ based sanitizers and others put away supplies. Some cern must be secondary to that have been demonstrated equipment may require dis¬ the necessity that the plant is to be effective against assembling prior to cleaning correctly cleaned and sani¬ L. monocytogenes. and sanitizing and may need tized. Extensive experience j. Equipment should be modi¬ to be re-sanitized after re¬ indicates that, if the equip¬ fied so it is simple in design, assembling. ment is properly cleaned and is easy to clean, and has fewer c. Quaternary ammonium com¬ sanitized before start-up, maintenance problems, be¬ pounds (quats) have been then the risk of contamina¬ cause breakdowns during found to be effective against tion from equipment during production increase the risk A. monocytogenes and leave production through two of L. monocytogenes con¬ a residual germicidal effect shifts is minimal. tamination. on surfaces. In addition, g. Mid-shift cleanups should k. Sanitizing with high tempera¬ sanitizers containing perace¬ be eliminated wherever pos¬ tures, if manufacturers’ in¬ tic acid and peroctanoic acid sible, because they produce structions permit such appli¬ have been shown to be effec¬ aerosols and add water to the cation, may be particularly tive against biofilms contain¬ environment, which can useful for biofilms. AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 557 l. Hot water/steam sanitation that the hose does not be¬ The equipment used for is an especially effective come blocked. Solid forms cleaning must be maintained alternative to chemical san¬ of sanitizers (e.g., blocks or and properly cleaned so itation where equipment is donuts of quats) can be that it does not become difficult to clean. Wherever placed in the drip pan to a source of contamination. possible, steam should be control microbial growth; in Application of powdered applied as a final step for addition to the routine use citric acid to certain areas of difficult-to-clean equipment. of sanitizers, drip pans the floor may be effective for One method is to place a should be cleaned regularly. controlling L. monocy¬ metal cover over the equip¬ q. If compressed air is used to togenes, provided the floor ment and then inject steam. remove debris from equip¬ has been properly cleaned In some cases, equipment ment during production, it and dried before applying can be steamed in a cook should be recognized that the citric acid. For maximum oven. The goal is to heat the this can increase the risk of effectiveness, the surface of equipment so it reaches at contamination by being the floor should be main¬ least 160°F throughout. A a source of L. monocyto¬ tained at pH 5.0 or below holding period of an hour or genes when in-line filters are with litmus paper used to more is desirable. For equip¬ not maintained or replaced check the pH. Although this ment that is more sensitive with regularity. Thus, when may help control L. mono¬ to heating, it is necessary to compressed air must be cytogenes, the condition of use a lower temperature used directly on product or the floor should be moni¬ (e.g., 145°F) and a longer product contact surfaces, tored, as the acid condition holding time. (See earlier the air should be filtered at will cause deterioration that cautions about thorough the point of use and the fil¬ eventually will necessitate cleaning prior to application ters maintained. This prac¬ replacing the floor. of heat.) tice should be restricted, u. Floor drains must be de¬ m. Plastic tubs that can be preferably, to cleaning cer¬ signed and maintained to stacked have been a chronic tain equipment (e.g., pack¬ prevent backups. If a backup problem if they are not aging machines) at the end occurs, production must cleaned and sanitized daily; of production before clean¬ cease, open product re¬ they must not be put on the ing begins. moved from the room for dis¬ floor, unless placed on a r. Coolers or other rooms position, the drain cleared, and the area carefully clean plastic mat. should never be cleaned when exposed RTF product cleaned with caustic, and n. Because infrequent cleaning is present. Covering the then rinsed and sanitized. of coolers used for holding product with plastic or pa¬ Splashing of solutions onto cooked product commonly per cannot be relied on; all equipment during the pro¬ causes increased L. mono¬ unpackaged product should cess must be avoided. The cytogenes problems, par¬ be removed from the room floor should then be dried. ticularly in the busy summer before cleaning begins. A high pressure hose must season, these coolers should never be used to clear a s. Equipment should not be be emptied and cleaned at drain; the aerosol created least once per week (or dismantled and washed on the floor. will spread contamination month) depending upon throughout the room. level of use and conditions t. The best method for clean¬ of the coolers, and floors ing floors is to use a pow¬ V. Whenever possible, trench should be kept dry. dered caustic cleaner, apply drains should be eliminated. o. Spiral freezers used for freez- water as needed, use a dedi¬ w. Bactericidal drain rings are ing unpackaged product cated, color-coded brush to recommended. should be cleaned twice a clean the floor, and then year; infrequent defrosting, thoroughly rinse, using a X. Floor drains should be cleaning, and maintenance low volume hose, and sani¬ cleaned and sanitized in a of these can be sources of tize the floor. Newer clean¬ manner that prevents con¬ L. monocytogenes prob¬ ers and sanitizers may be tamination of other surfaces lems. more effective for control¬ in the room. Floor drain p. Condensate that accumu¬ ling L. monocytogenes on brushes must be at least 1/4 lates in drip pans of refrig¬ the floor. Floor scrubbers inch smaller than the diam¬ eration units should be di¬ can be helpful, particularly eter of the drain opening, or rected to a drain via a hose, for cleaning large open a splash guard must be used with care taken to ensure spaces such as hallways. to prevent splashing during 558 Doiry, Food and Environmental Sonilofion - AUGUST 1999 cleaning. Utensils for clean¬ weanng clean garments and program considering the guidelines ing drains should be dedi¬ disposable gloves is to pro¬ that follow. The actions to be taken cated to that purpose to tect the product from con¬ when environmental or product minimize the potential for tamination, not to protect contact surfaces give positive results contamination. If floor employees from getting will vary with each company’s policy and action plans, which may change drains are cleaned first, it dirty. over time based on knowledge of may be necessary to clean c. If an unclean surface is touched, then hands should the operation and its controls, and sanitize them again at the risk of contaminating product, the end of the process. be washed and gloves changed. regulatory' requirements, and other y. Cleaning tools should be factors. It must be emphasized d. Equipment and soiled cloth¬ sanitized using 600-1000 that there are many approaches to ing must not be stored in ppm quat solutions and controlling L. monocytogenes; and lockers. that what works for one company stored either dry or in quat e. If possible, a person in the may not be appropriate for another. solutions maintained at 1000 packaging room should be ppm. assigned to pick up material General principles for from the floor, remove trash, Employee personal hygiene verification of environmental and perform other house¬ monitoring Personal hygiene practices with keeping tasks. This person L monocytogenes control as a ma¬ must not work on a packag¬ Environmental monitoring (mi¬ jor objective should be established. ing line or handle product crobiological testing) should focus on a non-pathogenic indicator The following information should that will be packaged or re¬ such as Listeria spp. or Listeria- become part of employee training placed on the line. like organisms (e.g., organisms that for L monocytogenes control. f. Rubber boots that are non- blacken Fraser broth or produce a. Clean gloves, smocks, and porous and easily cleaned, black colonies on a Listeria selec¬ which experience indicates aprons are essential to pro¬ tive-differential agar), because these are better for L. monocy¬ tect against product con¬ indicators will be found more togenes control than other tamination. Ideally, there frequently in the environment than footwear, are necessary should be one color smock L. monocytogenes and because test where footbaths are used. for the raw side of the op¬ results are available more quickly. eration and one for the pro¬ Monitoring results should alert the plant to potential problem areas, cessed side. Disposable ENVIRONMENTAL gloves and aprons should be prompting further investigation MONITORING PROGRAM used wherever possible in and focusing of additional control TO VERIFY CONTROL cooked product areas. efforts, as necessary. Corporate goals for reduction of positives Disposable paper sleeves An environmental monitoring should be established to encourage (arm covers) can provide program is necessary to assess the need for additional pathogen continuous improvement (8). A another barrier for those detailed set of action plans should control measures for products that who handle exposed prod¬ be developed to control the risk of may be recontaminated by Z. mono¬ uct. Disposable items should cytogenes (8). Industry experience L. monocytogenes in the event that be discarded when the work the corporate goals are not met. has shown that an ongoing monitor¬ Each plant, product, and process area is left and replaced with ing and control program that uses must be evaluated to determine the new when the employee Listeria species (Listeria spp. or appropriate monitoring points. returns. Some garments “generic Listeria") as an indicator Each packaging line should be (e.g., smocks) may be left in of potential L. monocytogenes regarded as an independent unit for the department and re-used, contamination reduces the possibil¬ L. monocytogenes monitoring and provided they are still clean. ity of finding not only L. mono¬ control. It is recommended that Gloves should be replaced if cytogenes in finished product, but both food contact surfaces and other pathogens as well (2). damaged. The use of gloves non-food contact surfaces that Industry experience also shows does not preclude the need have the potential to contaminate for employees to wash hands that reentry of Listeria spp. into the production environment cannot be product be tested. One approach regularly. reliably prevented. Thus, ongoing might be to separate testing into b. Everyone working in areas monitoring to detect the organism environmental sites, product contact where RTE products are ex¬ in the environment is necessary. Each sites, and product itself, keeping in posed must clearly under¬ company should establish its mind that because L. monocyto¬ stand that the purpose of own L. monocytogenes monitoring genes will not be found frequently AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food and Environmenfol Sonifotion 559 Figure 1. Non-product contact surface testing for indicators of Listeria contamination again. Increased environ¬ mental positives may trigger a shift to the troubleshoot¬ ing or problem-solving mode, depending on the company’s specific action plan. • If a positive sample is de¬ tected, and the sample was a composite sample, the in¬ dividual samples should be tested to pinpoint the loca¬ tion of the positive. • Additional samples should be taken from the environ¬ mental area where the posi¬ tive was detected. These samples may indicate that additional remedial actions are needed in this area. Again, this may trigger a in products in operations following Statistical Process Control (SPC) may shift to the troubleshooting these control guidelines, and be used to track results and identify or problem-solving mode, because it will not be uniformly the need to take action. depending on the company’s distributed, product testing will Plants should determine the ac¬ specific action plan. not be a reliable indicator that tion to be taken if Listeria spp. is L. monocytogenes contamination detected at frequencies exceeding • If, after remedial actions has not occurred. Thus, the empha¬ the upper control limit, target, or have been applied, addi¬ sis of the program discussed here “trigger” that the plant has set (al¬ tional samples are positive, is on testing for Listeria-Vike though some attention should be the environment should be organisms in the environment to given to cleaning and sanitizing an intensively cleaned and re¬ verify control. There can be many area when any positive result is tested. variations on how this is done. Some found). Because the reasons for a • Sampling of (additional) guidelines, which follow, are illus¬ positive finding are likely to be plant- trated in Figures 1 and 2. food contact surfaces in the specific, remedial actions will areas where environmental vary; the following points should be positives are detected should Environmental testing considered in determining remedial be considered. Plants should determine the actions for environmental positives: • If, after remedial actions points to sample and the frequency • Detection of Listeria spp. in have been applied, addi¬ of sampling based on knowledge of an environmental monitor¬ tional samples yield negative their specific operation and the con¬ ing sample does not neces¬ results, the plant would re¬ trols that have been put into place, sarily indicate a microbio¬ turn to routine monitoring. as well as any microbiological data logical control problem; it available. Suggested areas include does indicate that additional support structures, overhead areas investigation should be un¬ Food contact surface testing or structures, walls, floors, drains, dertaken. Thus, a positive Food contact surfaces may be and room air. Weekly sampling is environmental monitoring sampled routinely for Listeria-\\kc recommended initially for most wet sample does not mean that organisms as a verification that en¬ areas, where L monocytogenes can plants must shut down the vironmental controls are preventing grow; in dry-cleaned areas sampling line and take immediate re¬ L. monocytogenes contamination of may be less frequent. medial action. surfaces; alternatively, they may be The number of sampling points • When environmental moni¬ sampled only when environmental and the frequency of sampling may toring results indicate a monitoring suggests a possible prob¬ be adjusted based on results trend toward an increased lem. over time. For example, repeated incidence of Listeria spp., As with environmental sampling, negative findings may suggest that plants should investigate to plants should determine the points a sampling site may be eliminated determine the reason(s) for to sample, the time of day for sam¬ or frequency of sampling for a the increase and should take pling, and the frequency of sampling particular area may be decreased. action to reduce the level based on knowledge of their spe- 560 Dairy, Food and Environmentoi Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Figure 2. Product contact surface testing for indicators of Listeria contamination vidual sample should be retained until composite results are obtained, in case additional testing of indi¬ vidual samples is necessary. Packaging line samples (product contact surfaces) should be from areas as large as practical. Environ¬ mental samples should represent a constant area (e.g., 1.5 ft. x 1.5 ft., 2 ft. X 3 ft., etc.) Floor drains represent an almost constant problem area; a corporate decision should be made on whether or not to include drains in the environmental sampling program. A separate goal for drains may be ap¬ propriate. Any te.sting for Listeria, whether it be environmental or finished product testing, should be con¬ ducted by a laboratory adhering to Good Laboratory' Practices (3)- It is recommended that the laboratory participate in a proficiency or check sample program ior Listeria, where possible. It should be recognized that error rates occur with any cific operation and the controls they laboratory test, and controls should have put into place, as well as any Product testing be in place to help detect laboratory microbiological data available. Plants may decide to test product errors and to assure that the labora¬ Plants should investigate to deter¬ as a result of positive food contact tory can properly identify the organ¬ mine the reason(s) for all positives surfaces. In addition, random prod¬ ism. on food contact surfaces. Investiga¬ uct testing may be considered as a tional sampling (which may be component of a verification Problem solving termed the troubleshooting or prob¬ program to assess that the control/ When an effective control pro¬ lem-solving mode for some plants) monitoring program is effective in gram for L. monocytogenes is in preventing product contamination. must be capable of identifying place, the primary source of con¬ Effective programs do not necessar¬ equipment that contains niches tamination is often a niche where ily require product testing; finished where L monocytogenes has be¬ the organism has become estab¬ product testing has limited utility come established. Until these sites lished and is multiplying. When (for reasons indicated previously), are located, it is not always possible L. monocytogenes finds a niche, the even as a verification t(X)l. Whenever to correct an ongoing problem. contamination will be line-specific. product is sampled, the lots should Remedial actions should be taken In general, the contamination will be held until the laboratory results for all food contact surface positives, flow' downstream along a packaging are available. based on a pre determined plan of line. When seeking the source of a Plants must determine the action action, and the actions should be niche, sponge samples should be to be taken in the event that documented. Contamination of collected and analyzed individually, L. monocytogenes is detected in a not as composites. Additional sites some product contact surfaces is of product sample. should be sampled along the line and greater concern than others. Ex¬ sampling should be done more amples of remedial action include frequently throughout the day. Environmental sampling modifying cleaning and sanitizing Suspected pieces of equipment guidelines procedures, re-design of equipment, should be torn down, collecting improved GMPs, employee re-train- When taking swab or sponge samples of suspicious sites and ing, etc. samples, a scientifically acceptable materials. The equipment should Plants should consider whether method must be used. Samples be cleaned and sanitized as it is finding Listeria-Wke organisms on may be composited where scientifi¬ being reassembled. If cleaning and food contact surfaces should neces¬ cally appropriate; where possible, sanitizing are unsuccessful, it may sitate product testing. the remaining portion of each indi¬ be necessary to remove sensitive AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, food ond Environmental Sanitation 561 electronics, oil and grease and ABOUT THE AUTHORS tory practices - food microbiology apply heat to 160°F. Small parts laboratories. Dairy Food Environ. can be placed in an oven; larger 'Armour Swift-Eckrich, Downers Sank. 11:716-720. 4. NACMCF (National Advisory Com¬ equipment can be shrouded and Grove, IL 60515; ^ National Food mittee on Microbiological Criteria steam applied under the tarp. Lower Processors Association, 1350 I St., for Foods). Listeria monocyto¬ temperatures for longer times may N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005; genes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 14: 'Campbell Soup Company, Camden, also be effective. The possibility that 185-246. employee practices may be involved NJ 08103; 'formerly with Kraft 5. Ryser, E. T., and E. H. Marth (ed). in the contamination should also be Foods, Inc., Washington, D.C. 20(X)5; 1999. Listeria, listeriosis and food considered, in which case refresher •202.639.5985; Fax: 202.639.5991; safety, 2nd ed. Marcel Dekker, Inc. training in the controls necessary to E-mail: [email protected]. New York. prevent L monocytogenes contami¬ 6. Shank, F. 1995. United States posi¬ tion on Listeria monocytogenes in nation may be necessary or advan¬ REFERENCES foods (conference: '"Listeria, The tageous. 1. Bernard, D., and W. Sveum. 1994. State of the Science,”) Rome. June Industry perspectives on Listeria 29-30. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS monocytogenes in foods: manufac¬ 7. Sperber, W. H., K. E. Stevenson, turing and processing. Dairy Food D. T. Bernard, K. E. Deibel, L. J. Also contributing to this docu¬ Environ. Sank. 14:140-143. Moberg, L. R. Hontz, and V. N. Scott. ment were Ruth Petran (Pillsbury); 2. Joint Industry Task Force on Micro¬ 1998. The role of prerequisite Dave Aggen (Lakeside Foods); Bill bial Control of Pathogens in Ready- programs in managing a HACCP Sperber (Cargill); Fred Cook to-Eat Products. 1999. Microbial con¬ system. Dairy Food Environ. Sanit. trol during production of ready-to- (ConAgra Frozen Foods); Don Zink 18:418-423. eat meat and poultry products. 8. Tompkin, R. B., L. N. Christiansen, and Bruce Kohnz (Nestle); Angie American Meat Institute, Washing¬ A. B. Shaparis, R. L. Baker, andj. M. Siemens, Joe Meyer and Paul A. ton, D.C. Schroeder. 1992. Control ofZtsten'fl Hall (Kraft Foods); and Michael 3. Microbiology and Food Safety Com¬ monocytogenes in processed meats. Jantschke and David Gombas mittee of the National Food Proces¬ Food Australia 44:370-371, 373- (NFPA). sors Association. 1991. Good labora¬ 376. lAMFES Booklets Procedures to Investigate Waterborne Illness - 2nd Edition Procedures to Investigate Foodborne Illness - 5th Edition Procedures to Investigate Arthropod-borne and Rodent-borne Illness Pocket Guide to Dairy Sanitation Before Disaster Strikes...A Guide to Food Safety in the Home For Order Information, Contact lAMFES at 800.369.6337; 515.276.3344 Fax: 515.276.8655; E-mail: [email protected] 562 Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Call for Nominations 2000 lAMFES Secretary Kr ominations are now being accepted then serving as Past President. Board meetings I by the Nominating Committee for are scheduled a minimum of three times a year ^ the office of lAMFES Secretary. A and other commitments may be necessary. representative from the industry sector will be For more information regarding duties elected in the spring of 2000 to begin serving at and requirements of the position, please the conclusion of the lAMFES 2000 Annual contact David Tharp, Executive Director at Meeting for the year 2000-2001. 800.369.6337 or 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276. Letters of nomination, including a biographi¬ 8655; E-mail: [email protected]. cal sketch are to be submitted to the Committee Send a letter of nomination for Secretary Chairperson no later than November 1,1999. of lAMFES, along with a biographical sketch of After the close of nominations, the Committee nominee, to the Nominations Chairperson: will review the nominees and select two (or more) persons to be presented to the Member¬ C. Dee Clingman ship for voting. DARDEN Restaurants, Inc. The Secretary-Elect is determined by a P.O. Box 593330 majority of votes cast through a mail vote taken Orlando, Florida 32859-3330 in the spring of 2000. Official Secretary duties Phone: 407.245.5330 begin at the conclusion of the lAMFES 2000 Fax: 407.245.5173 Annual Meeting. The elected Secretary serves E-mail: [email protected] as a Member of the Executive Board of lAMFES for a total of five years succeeding to President, Nomination deadline is November 1, 1999. AUGUST 1999 - Doiiy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 563 NewMembers CANADA UNITED STATES Brian K. Turner Educational Foundation Richard Arsenault CALIFORNIA of the NRA Canadian Food Inspection Agency Chicago Nepean, Ontario Dawn M. Knudsen University of Califomia-Davis Davis INDIANA Denis Borys Neilson Dairy Mike Hoover Elkhart Co. Health Dept. Halton Hills, Ontario Kenneth W. Wong Dole Thailand Ltd. Goshen Westlake Village Ramnik Gambhir IOWA Thomas J. Upton COLORADO Rexdale, Ontario Philip W. McMillan R. Todd Bacon Wells Blue Bunny Inc. LeMars Alexander O. Gill Colorado State University University of Manitoba Fort Collins KANSAS Winnipeg, Manitoba DELAWARE Jimmy F. Gosch Kansas State University Rena Hubers James L. Bruce Manhattan Ontario Ministry of Agriculture I Qualicon, Inc. Guelph, Ontario Wilmington I Kristen L. Henderson Kansas State University Jacques Depault FLORIDA Manhattan Canadian Food Inspection Agency Marjorie E. Jones Nepean, Ontario DeeAndra L. Lambert Marriott International Kansas State University Port St. Lucie Eun Na Lee Manhattan University of Alberta Jim Lowder Edmonton, Alberta Maria T. Ortega Triarc Restaurant Group Kansas State University Fort Lauderdale Manhattan John Lytwyn Health Canada Hamilton, Ontario ILLINOIS KENTUCKY Miles Fostar Marienne A. Anandappa Alison Poon ! Tetra Pak Inc. University of Kentucky Alberta Agriculture, Food Vernon Hills Lexington and Rural Development Edmonton, Alberta Figen Kosebolaban Melissa C. Newman Illinois Institute of Technology University of Kentucky FRANCE Arlington Heights Lexington Patrice Arbault Rich Reeves John H. Summers Diffchamb SA Nauvoo Cheese Co. KY River District Health Dept. Lyon Nauvoo Hazard 564 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 MARYLAND NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA Karen L. Henry Gary Cohen Michael L. May McCormick & Co., Inc. Unisource Quaker Maid Meats, Inc. Hunt Valley Ramsey Shillington MSRL Solomon Siobain M. Duffy Alan Sauter USDA-ARS New Brunswick Dietrich’s Milk Products Beltsville Middlebury Center Andrew Flanders MASSACHUSETTS SGS-US Testing Co. Dike Ukuku f Fairfield USDA, Wy ndmoor Gregory W. Durbin Cene-Trak Systems Rebecca 1. Montville Hopkinton Rutgers University RHODE ISLAND North Brunswick Michael D. DeCesare Richard J. Nortz Daniele Prosciutto Allied Domecq Retailing USA Melissa Willits Pascoag Braintree M & M/Mars Hackettstown William K. Shaw, Jr. TENNESSEE University of Massachusetts NEW YORK Surjit S. Kamra Amherst J. M. Smucker Co. Genevieve Johnson Memphis Cornell University MICHIGAN Geneva Rojesh Sharma TEXAS Michigan State University Margaret Venuto Sherri L Koepnick East Lansing Cornell Cooperative Extension of Monroe County City- of Brenham, Brenham MINNESOTA Rochester Melissa Tucker Patrick F. Denor OHIO H-E-B, San Antonio Schwan’s Sales Enterprises Marshall Jama L. Fox Dubois, Sharonville WASHINGTON Melissa D. Kalik G. Kere Kemp Minnesota Dept, of Agriculture OREGON Alcide Corporation St. Paul Janeen M, Novotny Redmond Carlton Packing Co. MISSOURI (>arlton WISCONSIN Mary E. Fandrey Wayne E. Weber Rhonda D. Pinckney Missouri Dept, of Health WEW Consulting University of Wisconsin-Madison Jefferson Caty Salem Madison New lAMFES Sustaining Member Jan Payne Rhodia, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 565 NewMembers CANADA UNITED STATES Brian K. Turner I-ducational Foundation Richard Arsenault CALIFORNIA of the NRA (lanaclian Food Inspection Ajicney Uhicago Nepean, Ontario Dawn M. Knudsen University of Clalifornia-Davis Davis INDIANA Denis Borys Neilson l)air\ Mike Hoover Halton Hills, Ontario Kenneth W. Wong Elkhart Co. Health Dept, Dole Fhailand Ltd. (ioshen Westlake Village Ramnik Gambhir IOWA I honias |. Lipton COLORADO Re.xdale, Ontario Philip W. McMillan R. Todd Bacon Wells Blue Bunny Inc. LeMars Alexander O. Gill (a)lorado State University I niversity of Manitoba Fort (a)llins \\ innipeg, Manitoba KANSAS DELAWARE ^ Jimmy F. Gosch Kan.sas State University Rena Hubers James L. Bruce Manhattan Ontario Ministry of Agrieiilture I Qualicon, Inc. (luelph, Ontario Wilmington I Kristen L. Henderson Kansas State llniversity Jacques Depault FLORIDA Manhattan (Canadian Food Inspection Agency Marjorie E. Jones Nepean, Ontario DeeAndra L. Lambert Marriott International Kansas State University Port St. Lucie Eun Na Lee Manhattan I niversity of Alberta Jim Lowder Fdmonton, Alberta Maria T. Ortega Triarc Restaurant (iroup Kansas State University Fort Lauderdale Manhattan John Lytwyn Health (Canada Hamilton, Ontario ILLINOIS KENTUCKY Miles Fostar Marienne A. Anandappa Alison Poon Tetra Pak Inc. University of Kentucky ,\lberta .Agriculture, Food V'emon Hills Lexington and Rural Development Ixlmonton. Alberta ' Figen Kosebalaban Melissa C. Newman ' Illinois Institute of Technology University of Kentucky FRANCE .Arlington Heights I Lexington Patrice Arbault Rich Reeves John H. Summers Diffchamb SA Nauvoo (dieese (a). KY River District Health Dept. Fyon Nauvoo Hazard 564 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation AUGUST 1 999 MARYLAND NEW JERSEY PENNSYLVANIA Karen L. Henry Gary Cohen Michael L. May Mc'C^orniick MSRL Solomon Siobain M. Duffy Alan Sauter rSDA-ARS New Brunswick Dietrich s Milk Products Ikltsvillc Middlehur\ Center Andrew Flanders MASSACHUSETTS SCIS-US resting Uo. Dike Ukuku Fairfield USD.V. yndmoor Gregory W. Durbin (idle- I rak Systems Rebecca I. Montville llopkinton Rutgers University RHODE ISLAND North Brunswick Michael D. DeCesare Richard J. Nortz Daniele Prosciutto Allied Donieeq Retailing USA Melissa Willits Paseoag Braintree M M Mars Haekettstt)\\ n William K. Show, Jr. TENNESSEE I Diversity of Massaelnisetts NEW YORK Surjit S. Kamra Vmherst I M. Smticker (Co. Genevieve Johnson Memphis ('ornell University MICHIGAN (ieneva Rojesh Shormo TEXAS Michigan State University Margaret Venuto Sherri L. Koepnick hast l.ansing Cornell (Cooperative Fxtension (City of Brenham. Brenham of Monroe (County MINNESOTA Rochester Melissa Tucker Patrick F. Denor OHIO H-F-B, San .Vntonio Sehw an s Sales Hnterprises Marshall Jama L. Fox Duhois, Sharonville WASHINGTON Melissa D. Kalik G. Kere Kemp Minnesota Dept, of Agrieiilture OREGON Vleide (Corporation St. Paul Janeen M. Novotny Redmond (Carlton Packing (Co. MISSOURI (Carlton WISCONSIN Mary E. Fandrey Wayne E. Weber Rhonda D. Pinckney Missouri Dept, of Health VV F\\ (Consulting I Diversity of \\ iseonsin-Madison Jefferson (jt\ Salem Madison New lAMFES Sustaining Member Jan Payne Rhodia, Ine. Madison. \\ iseonsin AUGUST 1 999 Dairy Food and Environmental Sanitation 565 UpDates Videojet Appoints Bryan has joined the organization as Frank Hartmann will provide M. Weber, Vice President chief financial officer. technical support to customers Collinson is responsible for concerning formulation technol¬ Marketing financial operations of the associa¬ ogy and conduct applied research Vidcojct Systems International, tion, foundation and Worldwide of surfactants in formulation Inc., has appointed Bryan Food Fxpo, LL(>. He is also respon¬ technology and adjuvancy. M. Weber to the position of vice sible for the building operations, Hartmann has been with the I(d president, marketing. human resources and information group for seven years, previously Mr. Weber brings 16 years of systems. He serves as the primary serving as a senior development progressive experience in manu¬ contact for the finance and chemist at Kd Agricultural Surfac¬ facturing and research engineer¬ investment committee and the tants in Belgium. Hartmann was ing, new products marketing, audit committee, and oversees the educated in Belgium and has a management consulting and development and monitoring of degree in industrial agricultural division general management to the annual business plan. engineering. this position. His background (Collinson has ten years Richard Herbert has also been covers many industries including experience in non-profit account¬ hired as development associate consumer products, oil/chemicals, ing. His most recent position was for Uniqema’s Crop Protection automotive, retail and business-to- director of finance for Chesapeake Additives Division, providing business services. Mr. Weber most Bay Foundation, a $15 million technical support and product recently held the position of vice charitable organization saving the development services for Uniqema president and general manager (Chesapeake. Prior to that he spent of cleanroom services with customers. Prior to working for six years at the Food Marketing ARAMARK Uniform Services. Uniqema, Herbert worked as a Institute (FMI), where he began Other previous positions include research chemist and senior consulting with A.T. Kearney his career as an analyst. He project chemist for FMC (Corpora¬ Management Consultants, market¬ advanced to accounting manager tion in Princeton, N.J. Herbert ing manager for The NutraSweet and then controller. At FMI, received his B.S. from the State (Company, project leader also with Collinson developed a strong University of New York at Buffalo. NutraSweet and facilities and background in good financial project engineer for The Quaker controls and budgeting, and had Oats (;;ompany. In addition to the opportunity to work under Wargo Joins IFT on-going management of the the tutelage of Charlie Bray, IA FIS Foundation as Director President for almost three years. current product profile, Mr. Weber of Development will focus on new products and Collinson received a B.S. in new markets in support of accounting from Frostburg State arol Wargo, M.A., C.F.R.E., Videojet’s continued successful University in 1990. He became C.V.A., is the new director of growih. a certified public accountant development of the Institute of Mr. Weber received his B.S. in in 1998. Food Technologists (IFT) Founda¬ chemical engineering from Purdue tion in Chicago. She will work University, and holds his masters Uniqema Expands Crop with IF F constituencies to build of management with distinction the foundation’s endowment fund, from Northwestern University. Protection Additives market sponsorship opportunities, Technical Staff and create donor recognition programs. lAFIS Weicomes New CFO Frank Hartmann and Richard M. Herbert have been hired Wargo has served as executive International Association of as development associates for director of the resource center for Food Industry Suppliers Uniqema’s (Crop Protection the elderly in Chicago, where she (lAFIS) President Charlie Bray Additives Division in the Americas was responsible for all fundraising has announced that Tom Collinson region. activities. Prior to that, she was 566 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 program director of the National nia State University Fresno and broad range of pest control Runaway Switchboard in Chi¬ studied business at the University of problems. cago. Maryland. Joining Bell in 1994, Eakins Wargo received her bacli- Mitchell will head up EFfC’s gained field experience as a tech¬ elor’s degree in communications California (Central Valley marketing nical representative for Canada, from Purdue University and her efforts, focusing on sales and working with commercial, indus¬ master’s degree in marketing from service to (California’s central trial, and swine and poultry Webster University. region, where the concentration accounts. Through her dealings of animal waste produced by the with organizations, such as the region’s nearly 1,600 dairies American Institute of Baking, she EPTC Names Western poses acute environmental and further garnered technical knowl¬ Regional Manager health concerns. Recent enact¬ edge that will help PCOs control Marvin Mears, president and ment of more stringent environ¬ rodent infestations. In 1998, she chief executive officer, mental legislation has targeted the became Bell’s technical marketing announced that John K. Mitchell, overwhelming majority of re¬ coordinator, putting her expertise formerly of Pacesetter Energy gional farm operations, for which into the development of technical Systems (Fresno), has been named EFFC’s closed-loop waste manage¬ training programs. (Central Valley regional manager ment system is a viable, cost- Eakins, who is based in New of Environmental Products & effective solution to the animal Jersey, provides technical and sales Technologies (corporation. waste problem. support to Bell distributors and Mitchell has over 30 years PCOs in northern New Jersey, experience in the agricultural New York, Rhode Island, Massa¬ industry in sales, marketing and Eakins Named as Technical chusetts, Connecticut, Vermont, management, including 20 years Sales Representative Maine and New Hampshire. As as owner/operator of Mitchell part of Bell’s sales and marketing tor Bell Laboratories in team, she works with distributors Farms (Corcoran, CA). He is an Northeast-North States experienced agricultural consult¬ and PCOs, providing technical information and practical advice ant whose areas of expertise Bell Laboratories, Inc. an¬ include field operations supervi- nounced that Vicki Eakins, on the best use of Bell products. sitjn and evaluation, equipment formerly Bell’s marketing coordina¬ She also visits sites of rt)dent appraisal, credit management, tor, took over as technical sales infestations with PCOs, providing agricultural waste treatment and representative for the northeast- technical advice on rodent control duel fuel/cogeneration systems north states in April. strategies. for agribusiness. Mitchell majored Eakins brings to the position Eakins holds a B.S. in journal¬ in ag business at the College of five years of first-hand experience ism and marketing from the Univ¬ the Sequoias (Visalia) and Califor¬ and technical knowledge solving a ersity of Wisconsin-Madison. Visit our Web site at www.iamfes.org AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 567 US Lacks a Consistent where eggs can be contaminated. In addition, although we reported Farm-to-Table in 1992 on the need for better Approach to Egg coordination between the FDA and Safety the Department of Agriculture on egg safety issues, each agency is hc Food and Drug Adminis¬ n developing its own labeling tration (FDA) has not established a prevention- requirements for egg cartons that based approach to shell egg will become effective at different production and processing that times, and the agencies have still would reduce or eliminate Scilmo- not agreed on a comprehensive nella Enteritidis contamination unified approach for improving by identifying, controlling, and egg safety. monitoring known safety risks. At the state level, 13 states, responsible for about 3H percent The Codex Aliment- of the nation’s egg production, arius Commission have established voluntary preven- Approves Guidelines tion-ba.sed programs for egg farms. Flowever, because these for Organic Food programs use different approaches achieved by cooling the internal nternational guidelines for to testing for the presence of contents of eggs more quickly than D the production, processing, Salmonella Enteritidis and moni¬ the law will require. labelling and marketing of toring the farms, they do not Inconsistent policies and provide a uniform level of risk practices in three areas have organically produced food were reduction. Moreover, the Food weakened the nation’s egg .safety approved by the joint FAO/WHO (x)dex Alimentarius (Commission, Safety and Inspection Service efforts. Only about half the states the highest international body on (FSIS) does not require a preven¬ have followed the FDA US recom¬ tion-based approach in processing mendation that they require food food standards. The Commission plants where eggs are broken to service operators to use pasteur¬ met from 28 June to 3 July with create egg products. Fhe first ized eggs or egg products when representatives from 98-member national requirement to refrigerate serving populations, such countries, one observer country, eggs at 45°F or below from the as the elderly in nursing homes, the European Community and 63 time they are packed until they that are more likely to suffer severe non-governmental organizations. reach the consumer may not be as health consequences from eating Prepared by the joint FAO/ effective as possible in reducing contaminated eggs. In addition, WH(0 Food Standards Programme the risks from eggs contaminated inconsistent policies on returning and the (Commission’s (Committee with Salmonella Enteritidis. eggs from grocery stores to on Food Labelling, the “Guidelines Responsibility for implementing processors to be repackaged, for the Production, Processing, the refrigeration requirement is redated, and returned to the retail Labelling and Marketing of split between two federal agen¬ level and inconsistent practices for Organic Food” clearly define the cies. expiration dating on egg cartons nature of organic food production Fhe ESIS has issued regulations can mislead consumers about the and prevent claims that could that took effect in August 1999, eggs, freshness and ma\’ pose a mislead consumers about the eight years after the Congress food safety risk. The current quality of the product or the way passed the legislation requiring organizational and regulatory it is produced. The final objective that eggs be refrigerated after framework for egg safety makes it is to provide the consumer with packing until they reach retail a choice while giving assurances locations such as restaurants, difficult to ensure that re.sources that organic agriculture standards institutions, and grocery stores. are directed to the areas of highest have been met. However, once eggs reach these risk and that policies are effec¬ locations, federal regulations will tively coordinated. For example, The Codex Alimentarius not require that they be refriger¬ the FSIS provides daily full-time Commission adopted 33 new ated because the FDA has not yet inspection of egg product plants food standards, 4 codes of good issued the necessary regulations. where eggs are pasteurized to kill hygienic practice and 220 maxi¬ In addition, many experts believe harmful bacteria, whereas the FDA mum residue limits in food. greater risk reduction could be almost never inspects egg farms However, it decided to postpone 568 Doiry, Food and Environmentol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 setting maximum residue limits and develop regional standards. In Researchers have hypothesized for Bovine Somatotropine (BS'O addition, the Codex Alimentarius that an infectious protein known until a consensus is reached. All Commission amended the general as a prion is the agent responsible the decisions taken at this meeting standards for the labelling of pre¬ for TSEs. BSE was first diagnosed were on the basis of a full consen¬ packaged foods to include new in 1986. It begins with signs of sus of member countries. requirements covering hypersen¬ anxiety, restlessness and aggressive The Cx)mmission approved the sitivity (food allergy and intoler¬ behavior, leading to the name establishment of an intergovern¬ ance) and established a limit of “mad cow disease.” The authors mental task force to speed up the 15ug/kg for aflatoxin in peanuts conclude that the risk of contract¬ elaboration of standards for foods requiring further processing. ing a human TSE from cattle in the derived from biotechnology. A Regarding its procedural llnited States is minimal for the proposal by Japan underlines that manual, the C.ommission decided following rea.sons: BSE has not “safety assessment of foods derived that every effort should be made been shown to exist in the United from biotechnt)logy is becoming to ensure that food standards be States. Adequate regulations exist more important as the volume and reached by consensus. “It was one to prevent entry of foreign sources trade of these foods, including of the most productive Commis¬ of BSE into the United States; genetically modified organisms, sion sessions in many years and adequate regulations exist to increases every year.” It is hoped one which made changes to prevent undetected cases of BSE that these standards will be ela¬ ensure the (Commission's viability from uncontrolled amplification borated and adopted b\’ the year for the future,” said Mr. Alan within the US cattle population; Randell, Senior Officer of the joint 2003. and adequate preventive guidelines I'wo other intergovernmental FAO/WUO Food Standards exist to prevent high-risk bovine task forces were set up by the Programme. material from contaminating C>ommission to elaborate standards products intended for human respectively for animal feeding Risk of Transmitting consumption. and fruit juices. The importance Mad Cow Disease is There have been 173,126 cases of BSE in the I'nited King¬ of good animal feeding was Minimal in the United illustrated by the recent inter¬ dom. Unique circumstances in the national crisis provoked by dioxin States United Kingdom caused the emergence and propagation of BSE contaminated food in Belgium here is currently minimal in cattle, including widespread use while revised .standards for fruit risk of transmitting the of meat and bonemeal cattle feed juices are needed to protect the degenerative brain disorder consumer and prevent fraudulent known as “mad cow disease” derived from scrapie-infected practice. (bovine spt)ngiform encephalopa¬ sheep, and adoption of a new type Stressing the importance of thy [BSE]) to humans in the United of processing that did not reduce the meeting, Mr. John Lupien, States, according to an article in the amount of infectious prions Director of FAO’s food and nutri¬ the June 23/30 issue of the Jour¬ prior to feeding, the authors write. tion Division, said the Clodex nal of the American Medical Many of these circumstances do system is the key to protect the Association (JAMA). not exist in the United States. No health of consumers, ensure fair Litjen Fan, Ph.D., and col¬ cases of BSE have been found in trade practices and harmonize leagues at the American Medical the I'nited States. international food standards. Association’s (Council on Scientific In 1995, a new variant form of “Much more needs to be done to Affairs in Chicago, reviewed CJD disea.se was identified in the improve food quality in a world current scientific literature on BSE I'nited Kingdom. Know n as nv- and related diseases. The (Council where international food trade, CJD, it occurs among younger presented its report and recom¬ currently valued at more than US people and presents very different mendations to the AM A House of dollars 500 billion annually, is clinical and pathologic features Delegates, which adopted the from other forms of CJD. growing rapidly,” Mr. Lupien recommendations at its 1998 As of January 31, 1999, there added. The C>ommission also Annual Meeting. have been 39 cases of nv-(/ID in approved a proposal to e.stablish BSE is a disea.se in cows that a Ck)dex (A)ordinating (Committee belongs to a family of chronic, the I'nited Kingdom and one case for the Near East which will define progressive and always fatal in France. the problems and needs of the neurodegenerative disorders called Data suggest that nv-CJD region concerning food standards transmissible spongiform encepha¬ results from transmission of the and food control. The committee lopathies (TSEs). Other TSEs BSE prion to humans, the authors will promote exchange of informa¬ include the sheep disease, scrapie, write. In the I'nited Kingdom, tion, recommend standards for and the human brain disease. human infection with nv-CJD products of interest to the region (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease ((CJD). probably resulted from ingestion AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion 569 of BSE-contaminated beef. The proposed FDA regulation include cooked eggs served in homes, extent to which the human supermarkets, restaurants, delis, private gatherings, commercial population might be affected by caterers, vending operations, establishments such as restaurants, nv-C^jD is still unknown. hospitals, nursing homes and hospitals, nursing homes and riie United Kingdom and the schools. In addition, ESIS is issuing schools. European Union have taken steps a directive applying the refrigera¬ Persons infected with SE to minimize the risk of further tion requirement to warehouses microorganisms may experience contamination of cattle with BSE, and other distribution locations diarrhea, fever, abdominal cramps, headache, nausea and vomiting. to eradicate any existing BSE cases, that store shell eggs packed into Children, the elderly and persons and to eliminate human exposure containers destined for consumers, with weakened immune systems to the BSE agent. including transport vehicles. A may develop severe or even life- joint EDA-FSIS risk assessment threatening illness. found that refrigeration makes it New Egg Safety Steps EDA and ESIS share federal more difficult for SE bacteria to regulatory responsibility for egg Announced; Safe grow. safety, with the regulation of shell Handling Labels and Finally, the President’s (Council eggs primarily the responsibility on Food Safety will develop b) Refrigeration Will be of EDA. In May 1998, ESIS and FDA November 1 a strategic plan to announced plans for additional Required further improve the safety of shell measures to ensure the safety eggs and processed egg products. ontinuing their joint efforts of eggs and requested public The strategic plan will address the comments on these plans. These to combat foodborne issue of controlling pathogens, illness, the l^S Department announcements are the latest including SE, and will suggest steps in that ongoing effort. of Agriculture’s Eood Safety and further steps to help better The EDA proposal is on display Inspection Service (ESIS) and the coordinate egg safety from the in the Federal Register. Written US Department of Health and farm to the table. comments and recommendations Human Services’ Food and Drug “The Clinton Administration on the proposed rule will be Administration (FDA) announced has made ensuring food safety a accepted for the next "’5 days. three important new measures to top priority,” said Agriculture ESIS’ directive takes effect on prevent illnesses caused by Secretary Dan Glickman. “These August 2"^. contaminated eggs. additional steps will help educate The FDA is proposing to consumers and reduce foodborne require safe handling statements illness caused by contaminated MU Food Scientist on labels of shell eggs to warn eggs.” Trains Food Sanitar¬ “Eggs are a good source of consumers about the risk of illness protein and can be a healthy and ians to Teach Food caused by Salmonella Enteritidis economical contribution to a well- (SE). FDA’s proposed handling Safety as They Inspect balanced diet,” said HHS Secretary instructions will contain the Donna E. Shalala. “However, they Kitchens following statement on each need proper handling or they Dt’s a moment restaurant carton of eggs: Safe Handling could potentially be the source owners dread: the unan¬ Instructions: Eggs may contain of foodborne illness.” nounced arrival of a city or harmful bacteria known to cause From 1996 to 1998, there county health inspector, thermom¬ serious illness, especially in has been a 44 percent decrease in eter and clipboard in hand, ready children, the elder!)', and persons the number of illnesses caused by to hand out demerits for food with weakened immune systems. SE, according to the Foodborne safety violations. For your protection: Keep eggs Diseases Active Surveillance I'he other side of the story refrigerated; cook eggs until yolks Network, known as “EoodNet,” comes from the inspectors them¬ are firm; and cook foods contain¬ a collaborative effort of ESIS, EDA, ing eggs thoroughly. and the Centers for Disease selves. I’hey steal a line from In addition, for the first time, Control and Prevention. The Rodney Dangerfield — they get no there will be a uniform federal measures announced may prevent respect. It’s a tough job showing requirement that all eggs and egg up to 66,()()() illnesses and 40 up in an eatery’s kitchen, playing products packed for consumers be deaths per year. SE outbreaks have the “bad guy,” looking for viola¬ refrigerated at 45° or below. Retail been attributed to undercooked tions that could result in fines or establishments governed by the eggs or foods containing under¬ even shutting down the restaurant. 570 Doiry, Food and Environmenlol Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Doug Holt from the llniversity “The idea of my course is to and not eat, drink or smoke. There of Missoiiri-Columbia is trying to teach them how to teach groups of should be no dirty dishrags on make the inspectors’ jobs easier. food workers,” said Holt. “1 want countertops, and dishes should be He’s conducting a series of 13 the community to see sanitarians stacked upside-down. train-the-trainer sessions for as a resource rather than someone inspectors (called sanitarians) who comes in and watches over across Missouri to make their jobs you. This is important,” Holt says, NSF International: educational. “in light of increased national The Public Health “Better than handing out interest in consumer food safety.” and Safety Company demerits, 1 believe in a teachable In 1998, 42 outbreaks of moment,’’ said Holt, MU associate E. coli 0157:H7 were reported, SF International announced professor of food science. according to the national publica¬ a new trademark: The “When you walk in a place and tion, Food Protection Report. Public Health and Safety find cockroaches, use that moment Outbreaks sickened 111 people, C4)mpany as a provider of a broad to teach them what to do to and three of them died. For the range of public health and safety services. prevent cockroaches rather than first time, coleslaw was identified Modern means of communica¬ hit people over the head,” he said. as a carrier of E. coli infection. It tion, including the Internet, have “You have a teachable moment.” also made more people sick than any other single food. fostered growing international The Mis.souri Department of aw areness of documented food, Coleslaw, blamed for two large Health sponsors Holt’s two-day water and indoor airborne illn¬ restaurant outbreaks in North course, fhe training helps the esses. Reports of E. coli 013‘’:H~ sanitarians to conduct smoother Carolina and Indiana, caused in beef and apple juice. Listeria inspections and U) train restaurant illnesses. Drinking water and pool in fish and dairy products, Cryp¬ workers in food safety. water caused the second greatest tosporidium and Giardia in number of illnesses, accounting for “Regulatory requirements for drinking water, and cases of sick 147 illnesses and one death. receiving food-handling certifi¬ building syndrome identify critical Ground beef was suspected in 10 cates vary across the state. This health problems which both some¬ outbreaks causing 83 illnesses and times lead to death and create can be a problem for operators of one death. significant economic hardships. restaurants located in different Sanitarians learn tips on It is not uncommon for companies cities. Yet the techniques for safe effective lectures, demonstrations, to be forced out of business vir¬ food handling are the same,” he and use of video and visual aids in tually overnight as a result of major said. their work. These are the main recalls and financial liabilities. Holt tells participants to know things sanitarians look for when According to Dr. Dennis R. their audience, whether in teach¬ inspecting a restaurant kitchen: Mangino, President and Chief ing workers or conducting an the temperature of hot foods must Executive Officer, “It is clear that inspection. be kept above 14()°F and tempera¬ the first decade of the new millen¬ nium will be the most important Talking to a group of 16-year- ture of cold foods must be below' ever for public health and safety. old fast food workers is a lot 45°F; a special food thermometer We have experienced greater than different than dealing with a chef must be readily available; food a fourfold increase in demand for in a fine restaurant, he said. must be stored properly, not our services throughout the 1990s. “You also have to consider gender, spoiled and not in damaged cans; That trend is expected to con¬ educational levels, and racial and and stored food must be proper!)’ tinue. NSF International is broad¬ ethic issues in working with covered. ening its services in public health people,” he said. In addition, chemicals like experti.se standards and product, “A typical sanitarian may silver polish or disinfectants must and management certification to inspect 200 restaurants a year,” not be kept near food or food meet that demand. For example, Holt said. “About a third of them preparation areas. I’here should be NSF recently expanded its accredi¬ also conduct regular training no evidence of vermin. Kitchen tation to include certification of session for food service workers.” staff should wear hats and gloves. electrical products.” AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 571 IndustryProducts choose from include capacities visible part inside the blending ranging up to 466 gallons/minute. chamber is made of .stainless steel Alfa Laval Flow, Inc., Pleasant while the rear aluminum cover has Prairie, WI been anodized and coated with an enamel finish. For additional security, in the event of any spills within the blending chamber, an integrated safety basin was Labplas Inc. Introduces envisioned that may hold up to a Lab Blender which Gives 450 ml. The idea was to recuper¬ ate any spills which may occur. Accurate and Efficient The door is removable allowing for Analytical Results easy cleaning. Furthermore, tools are not required to remove or abplas Inc., has announced L install the Labeasy paddles as this a lab blender which is can be done by simply rotating the easy-to-use, sturdy, and is dev¬ locking clip and pulling outwards, Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. eloped and manufactured in which makes maintenance that Quebec, Canada. Through its A GHPD Line of Positive much easier. simplicity and versatility, the The Labea.sy was subjected Displacement Pumps Labeasy will homogenize a wide to many quality control tests Handles a Wide-range range of materials, from liquids which were performed at the or .solids to powders or pastes, Center of Research and Develop¬ ot Viscosities all while maintaining the sample ment — Department of Agriculture, GHPD positive displacement in a controlled, contamination-free located at St-Hyacinthe, Quebec. pumps from Alfa Laval Flow, environment. Be it pharmaceutical It has been certified to meet all Inc. allows the pumping of viscous batch preparations, bacterial eSA and IIL regulations. product through a system while counts for food microbiology or The main market focus for the ensuring low, product shear. any other variety of applications, Labeasy is in the field of food I'he C'lHPI) delivers a comb¬ the Labeasy will make easy work microbiology and dairy products. ination of rugged, low-maintenance of the client’s sample preparation It is in the.se indiKstries where construction with efficient, gentle needs. .samples of dairy foods, meat, pumping through a wide range of In order to meet customer poultry, fruits and vegetables, as viscosities. And, it was the first satisfaction, Labplas designed well as those of any other food pump of its kind to meet demand¬ a lab blender, which may increase product which must be prepared, are taken in order to perform ing hygienic standards by offering both reliability and efficiency bacterial counts for food .safety clean-in-place (CIP) capabilities. within the laboratory. The elimina¬ and quality control testing. Other ■fhe CiflPD pumps are autho¬ tion of needless components found markets include the clinical, rized to carry the 3A symbol and in similar machines and its atten¬ tion to quality workmanship has industrial and medical industries are IJSDA approved for both the which iKse the machine for made the Labeasy a durable dairy and egg industries. The analytical sample mixing. product, which requires minimum pump’s Hyclean seal keeps work¬ Labplas Inc., Ste-Julie, ing parts away from the pumped mechanical maintenance. Quebec, Canada material to ensure product integ¬ To ensure outstanding durabil¬ rity at all times. I welve models to ity and facilitate cleaning, every The publishers do not ivarrant, either expressly or by implication, the factual accuracy of the products or descriptions herein, nor do they so warrant any views or opinions offered by the manufacturer of said articles and products. 572 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 Eka Chemicals Inc. and simple protocol (less than are equipped with a built-in guard 30 minutes) saves 24 hours of column, retention gap or mass Announces New ECF valuable testing time compared spectrometer transfer lines. Guard Technology for Water to standard culture methods columns are used to trap non¬ Tl’eatment — First to because Dynabeads* anti-Salmon¬ volatile sample residues. Retention ella simply replaces the use of gaps are used to focus the injected Receive EPA Approvai selenite or tetrathionate selective sample to improve the peak shapes The first sodium chlorate-based enrichment broths. Isolated when using on-column and CIO^ process to receive EPA Salmonella colonies (or negative splitless injectors. The guard registration for use as a disinfec¬ results) are achieved in 48 hours column, retention gap or transfer tant in drinking water and waste- from receipt of sample. line and the analytical column are Dynabeads’' anti-Salmonella water in the SVP-Pure™ technolog}^ made with a single, continuous are uniform, superparamagnetic is developed and marketed by Eka piece of fused silica tubing, thus microspheres (2.8 microns in Chemicals Inc. In addition to the eliminating the need for a union to diameter) with affinity purified significant cost advantages over attach the deactivated fused silica antibodies on their surface. When chlorite-based systems, the process tubing to the analytical column. incubated with a sample, Dyna¬ achieves chemical conversions of Installation hassles, peak beads® will bind their target shape problems and leaks associ¬ 95+% without undesirable by-pro¬ bacterium forming a bacterium: ducts or the implementation of ated with unions are history. magnetic bead complex. This Samples containing difficult very sizable, costly systems. complex is separated from the The two chemical feed system analyses such as pesticides or heterogeneous sample by perform¬ drugs can be chromatographed adopts Eka Chemicals’ patented ing the test in a magnetic test tube hydrogen peroxide chemistry and without any undesirable contri¬ rack (Dynal MPC^-M). The isolated butions from the unions. applies a proprietary blend of and concentrated bacteriumibead sodium chlorate and hydrogen J&W Scientific Inc., Folsom, complex can then be cultured on CA peroxide, called Purate™, to any selective culture medium. provide the most economical and This highly sensitive system user-friendly process. In compari¬ will detect as few as 100 organ¬ son to competitive technologies, isms/ml of pre-enriched sample. the environmentally friendly Complete detection is achieved: Becton Dickinson SVP-Pure™ chemistry requires over 200 serotypes (1400 strains) Microbioiogy Systems no gaseous or liquid chlorine feed of Salmonella have been tested. Announces Prepared and no chloride ion addition, thus The concentration and purifica¬ eliminating by-product chlorine. tion of the sample by immuno- Herrold’s Egg Yoik Agar In addition to receiving EPA magnetic separation (IMS) improves he Herrold’s Egg Yolk Agar registration, Purate™ is certified T bacteria! isolation and thus is use¬ conveniently prepared in 20 in compliance with ANSI/NSE ful for cultural confirmation of X 112 mm size tubes containing Standard 60. This standard sets other presumptive methods. The 9 ml of medium. Herrold’s Egg health effect criteria for all chemi¬ protocol is simple and reagents are Yolk Agar with Mycobactin J is cals used in water treatment. shelf stable. The versatility pro¬ used for the cultivation of Myco¬ Eka Chemicals Inc., Marietta, vided by this methodology will bacterium paratuberculosis allow testing of many different (A/, avium ssp. paratuberculo¬ sample types while enhancing the sis) from animal fecal and tissue efficiency of existing manual and specimens. Culture of M. paratu¬ automated detection methods. berculosis is crucial for the detect¬ Salmonella lesXm: ion of infected, asymptomatic Rapid Results with Culture animals as well as for the diagnosis of Johne’s Disease. The medium Contirmation from Dynal may be used to culture specimens Dynabeads’" anti-Salmonella is DuraGuard” Columns Now from cattle (dairy and beef), small designed for rapid, immuno- ruminants (including sheep and magnetic selective enrichment Available from J&W goats), zoo animals and wild (IMS) of Salmonella directly from J&W Scientific introduces ruminants (including elk, deer pre-enrichment broths. The rapid DuraGuard™. These columns and bison). AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food ond Environmenlol Sanitation 573 IndustryProducts, continued For complete test require¬ that may survive the decontamina¬ New Cost Effecfive, ments, Becton Dickinson Micro¬ tion process for fecal specimens. biology Systems offers Herrold’s Becton Dickinson Microbiol¬ Aluminum-Safe, Foam Egg Yolk Agar prepared either ogy Systems, Sparks, MD Cleaner lor Food and with or without the addition of Mycobactin J. The medium is Reader Service Beverage Planis from available without added myco¬ Oakile Producis, Inc. bactin to permit confirmation of mycobactin dependency, a US Filter CT Series Carbon Oakite Products, Inc.’s characteristic that distinguishes Purifiers Offer Efficient FiSan-ACF is a liquid, M. paratuberculosis from other aluminum-safe, chlorinated foam mycobacteria. M. paratuberculosis Contaminant Removal cleaner, specifically formulated to will grow on Herrold’s Egg Yolk and Hof-Water-Sanifizal- tackle difficult cleaning problems Agar with Mycobactin J but will ion Capabilities in food and beverage plants. The not grow on Herrold’s Egg Yolk USDA authorizes FiSan/ACF for nited States Filter Corporation agar without mycobactin. Other U use in federally inspected meat mycobacteria are able to grow introduces the CT Series and poultry plants. on both media. Carbon Purifiers. These systems A well-balanced blend of Using prepared tubes of BBL™ efficiently remove chlorine, Herrold’s Egg Yolk Agars saves chloramine and many types of superior soil removing, high material, labor and overhead costs organic contaminants, ensuring foaming and chlorine release usually associated with the labori¬ the highest product quality for agents, FiSan-ACF performs well ous preparation of the agar on food and beverage, pharmaceutical at energy saving ambient temp¬ a small scale. Thus, use of pre¬ and industrial applications. The eratures. The product can be pared tubes allows more time to purifiers have been specifically used in concentrations as lows be devoted to critical laboratory designed to meet food and bever¬ as 2 percent by volume of water, age requirements, and provide activities. BBL™ Herrold’s Egg Yolk through foam generating equip¬ conservative flow rates through Agar features the highest quality ment, making it an extremely BBL brand peptones and additives. the carbon media, while maximiz¬ economical cleaner. FiSan-ACF Reproducibility is achieved ing empty bed contact time. generates rich foam that clings to through a critically-monitored CT Series Carbon Purifiers GMP manufacturing process that offer a number of standard features surfaces such as stainless steel and has demonstrated substantially that sets them apart: Designed for aluminum processing equipment, equivalent performance as com¬ hot-water sanitization and steam walls, floors, overhead piping and pared to freshly prepared labora¬ vapor stripping/sanitizing, with other hard to reach areas, cleaning tory media in documented field steam entry at top or bottom to them thoroughly and rendering evaluation studies. The familiar, facilitate removal of VOCs such them odor-free. It is safe enough widely used “slant surface” format as trihalomethanes; Advanced to be used manually or in a soak provides optimal surface area for Johnson Screens internals for application on aluminum pans uniform distribution during growth and visualization. and parts. FiSan-ACF is ideal for draw-off and backwashing; BBL™ Herrold’s Egg Bulk Agar use in meat and fish packaging contains sodium pyruvate to Scavenger device for complete plants, canneries, dairies, soft promote growth of M. paratuber¬ condensate removal during steam¬ drink plants, breweries, wineries, culosis. In addition, the medium ing; Choice of automated (PLC) bakeries, and other food and contains the antifungal agent or manual valves; and Fully auto¬ beverage processing facilities. amphotericin B to help reduce mated operation, including normal flow, backwash and rinse to drain. Oakite Products, Inc., Berk¬ fungal contamination and mala¬ US Filter, Lowell, MA eley Heights, NJ chite green to suppress gram¬ positive spore-forming bacteria No. 295 No. 296 574 Dairy, Food ond Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 BusinessExchange ADVERTISING INDEX EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES 3-A Sanitary Standards Symbol Administrative Council. .576 Quality ABC Research Corporation. .537 Assurance/Lab BioControl. .537 Manager Large dairy manufacturing Capitol Vial, Inc. .533 firm in the Mid-Atlantic region seeking a Quality DQCI Services, Inc. .535 Assurance/Lab Mgr. Five years experience in food & Fluid Metering, Inc. .598 plant safety as well as lab mgmt. required. Excellent NASCO. .535 compensation package. Fee paid. Fax resume to Nelson-Jameson, Inc. .533 540-667-0505 or call Cindy Whetzel at 800-275-2342. Seiberling Associates Inc. .535 SNELUNG Sneezeguard Solutions. .598 Personnel Services Worldwide Food Expo. Inside Back Cover “The right fit is everything” ADVERTISE YOUR PRODUCT OR SERVICE HERE! For rates or information, contact: David Larson Advertising Sales Representative Phone: 515.987.1359 Fax: 515.987.2003 E-mail: [email protected] AUGUST 1999 - Ooiry, Food and Environmental Sonitotion 575 The 3-A Symbol A Modern Concept Use of the Story Symbol The modern concept The 3-A Sanitary of the 3-A program Voluntary use of the Standards Symbol was established in 1944 3-A Symbol on Administrative Council, when the Dairy Industry dairy equipment: known throughout the Committee (DIC) was • assures processors that industry as the "3-A formed. DIC is one of the equipment meets Symbol Council," was three industry segments sanitary standards organized in 1956. Its involved in the preparation • provides accepted purpose is to grant of 3-A Sanitary Standards. criteria to equipment authorization to use the 3- These industry segments manufacturers for A Symbol on equipment are: sanitary design & fabrication that meets 3-A Sanitary • Processors, • establishes guidelines Standards for design and represented by DIC for uniform evaluation fabrication. • Equipment and compliance by Manufacturers, Processors (DIC) sanitarians. represented by lAFIS • Sanitarians, represented by LAMFES Sanitarians Equipment Mfrs. (lAMFES) (lAFIS) 3-A Sanitary Standards Symbol Administrative Council 1500 Second Avenue S.E., Suite 209 Cedar Rapids, lA 52403 319-286-9221 phone 319-286-9290 fax Reader Service No. 225 576 Dairy, food and Environmental Sonitolion - AUGUST 1999 Dairy, Food and Ent’ironmental Sanitation. Vol. 19, No. 8, Pages 577-59' Copyright© lAMFES, 6200 Aurora Ave., Suite 200W, Des Moines, lA 50322 Holders of 3'A Symbol Council Authorization as of June 30,1999 Questions or statements concerning any of the holders’ authorizations listed below, model numbers or the equipment fabricated should be addressed to: Administrative Officer, 3-A Symbol Council, 1500 Second Avenue, SE, Suite 209, Cedar Rapids, lA 52403; Phone 319.286.9221; Fax 319.286.9290 01-07 Storage Tanks for Milk and Milk Products 793 Ampco Pumps Co. (9/14/94) 2 APV Americas - Lake Mills (5/1/56) 4000 W. Burnham Street 100 South CP Avenue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53215 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551 212R Babson Brothers Company (2/20/70) Dairy' Systems Division in DCI, Inc. (10/28/59) P.O. Box 1227, 600 No. 54th Avenue 20903 West Gale Avenue Galesville, Wisconsin 54630-0659 St. Cloud, Minnesota 56301 999 Blackmer/Mouvex (3/1/99) 127 Paul Mueller Co. (6/29/60) 1809 Century' Ave., SW 1600 W. Phelps Street Grand Rapids, Michigan 49509 Springfield, Missouri 65801 923 Bombas Bomemann S.R.L. (5/16/97) 440 Scherping Systems (2/28/85) Armenia 2898 (1605) 801 Kingsley Street Munro, Argentina Winsted, iMinnesota 55395 (US Rep.; Bomemann Pumps, Inc. 31 Walker Stainless Equipment Co., Inc. (10/4/56) P.O. Box 1769 902 - 2nd Main Street Matthews, North Carolina 28105) Elroy, Wisconsin 53929-0126 205R Boumatic (5/22/69) 1919 S. Stoughton Road 02-09 Pumps for Milk and Milk Products P.O. Box 8050 Madison, Wisconsin 53716 975 Alfa Laval Pumps Ltd. (8/25/98) 739 CSF Inox S P A. (6/25/93) Birch Road Strada per Bibbiano Eastbourne, East Sussex 7 - Montecchio E. (RE) BN23 6PQ, England Italy (Not Available in the USA) (US Rep.: Sanchelima Inti. 976 Alfa Laval Flow (8/25/98) 1781-83 N.W. 93rd Avenue Birch Road Miami, Florida 33172) Eastbourne, East Sussex 709 Conexiones Inoxidables (1/18/93) BN23 6PQ, England de Puebla S.A. de C.V. (Not Available in the USA) Vicente Guerrero No. 211 63R APV Americas - Lake Mills (4/29/57) Xicotepec de Juarez Edo, Puebla, Mexico 100 South CP Avenue (US Rep.: Ben Dolphin Consulting Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53351 4735 Lansing Drive 946 APV Americas - Lake Mills (11/25/97) North C41msted, Ohio 44070) 100 South CP Avenue 820 Drum Industries, Inc. (3/17/95) Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 2501 Constant Comment Place 568 Allweiler AG, Werk Bottrop (5/15/89) Louisville, Kentucky 40299 Kirchhellener Ring 77-79 671 Flowtech Inc., - Teknoflow, Inc. (4/1/92) D-46244 Bottrop 1701 Spinks Drive Germany Marietta, Georgia 3006"’ (US Rep.: Shanley Pump and Equipment, Inc. 466 Fluid Metering, Inc. (1/10/86) 2525 South Clearbrook Drive 5 Aerial Way, Suite 500 Arlington Heights, IL 60005) Syosset, New York 11791 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sonifotion 577 828 Flux Pumps Corp. (4/13/95) 654 Mono Pumps Ltd., Dresser Pump Div. (10/22/91) 4430 Commerce Circle Martin Street Atlanta, Georgia 30336 Audenshaw, Manchester 306 Fristam Pumps, Inc. (5/2/78) England M34 5DQ 2410 Parview Road (US Rep.: MonoFlo, Dresser Pump Division Middleton, Wisconsin 53562 Dresser Industries 65R Alfa Laval Flow Inc./G & H Products (5/22/57) 821 Live Oak Drive 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 Chesapeake, Virginia 23320-2601) Pleasant Prairie, W1 53158-0909 400 Netzsch Incorporated (8/15/84) 325 Johnson Pumps (U.K.) Ltd. (12/19/79) 119 Pickering Way Highfield Industrial Estate Exton, Pennsylvania 19341-1393 Edison Road, Eastbourne 827 PACKO Diksmuide NV (4/14/95) East Sussex, England BN23 6PT Cardijnlaan 10 (US Rep.: Viking Pump, Inc. B8600 Diksmuide, Belgium 406 State Street, P.O. Box 8 (Not available in the USA) Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613) 701 Pierre Guerin SA (10/27/92) 145R ITT Jabsco Products (11/20/63) BP. 12-79210 1485 Dale Way Mauze-Sur-Le-Mignon Costa Mesa, California 92626 France 502 Inoxpa, s.a. (4/28/87) Carrer Dels Telers, 54 (Not Available in the USA) 17820 Banyoles 241 Puriti, S.A. de C.V. (9/12/72) Spain Alfredo Nobel 39 (US Rep.: Jensen Fittings Corp. Industrial Puente de Vigas 107-111 Goundry Street Tlalnepantla, Mexico North Tonawanda, NY 14120) (US Rep.: Waukesha Cherry-Burrell 314 Len E. Ivarson, Inc. (12/22/78) 611 Sugar Creek Road 3100 W. Green Tree Road Delavan, WI 53115) Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53209 148R Moyno Industrial Products (4/22/64) 997 Joh. Heinr. Bomemann GmbH (01/08/99) A Division of Robbins & Myers, Inc. Industriestrasse 2 P.O. Box 960 D-31683 Springfield, Ohio 45501-0960 Obemkirchen, Germany 810 O.M.A.C. SRL Pompe (1/2/95) 603 Johnson Pump (UK) Ltd. (8/16/90) Via G. Falcone 8,1-42948 Highfield Industrial Estate Rubiera (RE) Italy Edison Road, Eastbourne (US Rep.: Sanchelima International, Inc. East Sussex, England BN236PT 1781-83 N.W. 93rd Avenue (US Rep.: Viking Pump, Inc. Miami, Florida 33172) 406 State Street, P.O. Box 8 934 Pladot Ein Harod (8/6/97) Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613) Kibbutz Ein Harod Meuhad 604 Johnson Pump (UK), Ltd. (8/16/90) Highfield Industrial Estate 18965 Edison Road, Eastbourne Israel East Sussex, England BN236PT (US Rep.: Robert E. Turner (US Rep.: Viking Pump, Inc. P.O. Box 4595 406 State Street, P.O. Box 8 Gettysburg, Pennsylvania 17235-4595) Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613) 1004 Q-Pumps S.A. de C.V. (3/3/99) Acceso A #108, Fracc. 841 Johnson Pump (UK), Ltd. (8/18/95) Inc. Jurica, 76130 Highfield Industrial Estate Queretaro, Mexico Edison Road, Eastbourne (US Rep.: Q-Pumps, S.A. East Sussex, England BN236PT P.O. Box 148 (US Rep.: Viking Pump, Inc. Zion, Illinois 60099) 406 State Street, P.O. Box 8 595 seepex, Inc. (3/16/91) Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613) 511 Speedway Drive 996 Johnson Pump (UK), Ltd. (1/8/99) Enon, Ohio 45323 Highfield Industrial Estate 678 Shanley Pump & Equipment, Inc. (5/11/92) Edison Road, Eastbourne 2525 S. Clearbrook Drive East Sussex, England BN236PT Arlington Heights, Illinois 60005 673 Alfa Laval Pumps, Inc. (4/16/92) 911 Sigma Equipment Corp. (3/20/97) 9201 Wilmot Road 39 Westmoreland Avenue Kenosha, Wisconsin 53142 White Plains, New York 10606 578 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 507 Sine Pump (7/21/87) 770 Tetra Pak Inc. (6/13/94) c/o Sundstnind Fluid Handling 101 Corporate Woods Parkway 14845 West 64th Street Vernon Hills, Illinois 60061 Arvada, Colorado 80007 87 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (12/29/57) 567 Stainless Products, Inc. (4/4/89) (Fluid Handling Division) l649-72nd Avenue 611 Sugar Creek Road P.O. Box 169 Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 Somers, Wisconsin 53171 860 Sudmo North America, Inc. (11/28/95) 4786 Colt Road 05-14 Stainless Steel Automative Milk Transportation Rockford, Illinois 61109 Tanks for Bulk Delivery and/or Farm Pick-up Service 72R LC. Thomsen Inc. (8/14/57) 379 Brenner Tank Mauston, Inc. (3/15/83) 1303-43rd Street N. 3760 Hwy. 12 & 16 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 Mauston, Wisconsin 53948 26R Tri-Clover, Inc. (9/29/56) 756 Beall Trailers of California (2/21/94) P.O. Box 1413 1301 South Avenue Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 Turlock, California 95380-5108 1011 Tuchenhagen North America, Inc. (3/19/99) 70R Brenner Tank, Inc. (8/5/57) 9160 Branch Road 450 Arlington Avenue, P.O. Box 670 Columbia, Maryland 21045 Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 54936 899 Lederle GmbH Pumpen (12/31/96) 40 Hills Stainless Steel & Equipment Co., Inc. (10/20/56) Und Maschinenfabrik 505 W. Koehn Street GewerbestraBe 53 D-79194 Luveme, Minnesota 56156 Gundelfingen, Germany 513 Nova Fabricating, Inc. (8/24/87) (US Rep.: Alto Systems Inc. 404 City Road P.O. Box 60667 P.O. Box 231 Houston, Texas 77205) Avon, Minnesota 56310 52R Viking Pump, Inc. (12/31/56) 85 Polar Tank Trailer, Inc. (12/20/57) A Unit of IDEXX Corporation Holdingford, Minnesota 56340 406 State Street, P.O. Box 8 653 Tremcar (10/10/91) Cedar Falls, Iowa 50613 1, Tougas Street 29R Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (10/3/56) Iberville, Quebec, Canada J2X 2P7 6l 1 Sugar Creek Road (US Rep.; Bay State Tr. & Tr. Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 527 Winthrop Rehobeth, Massachusetts 02769) 25 Walker Stainless Equip. Co., Inc. (9/28/56) 04-04 Homogenizers and Reciprocating Pumps 625 State Street 75 APV Gaulin (9/26/57) New Lisbon, Wisconsin 53950 500 Research Drive 437 West-Mark (11/30/84) Wilmington, Massachusetts 01887 2704 Railroad Avenue, P.O. Box 100 390 American Lewa, Inc. (6/9/83) Ceres, California 95307 132 Hopping Brook Road 943 LBT Stainless, Inc. (11/11/97) Holliston, Massachusetts 01760 Route 5, Box 480 247 Bran & Luebbe, Inc. (4/14/73) Manning, SC 29102 1025 Busch Parkway Buffalo Grove, Illinois 60015 10-03 Milk and Milk Products Filters 657 Microfluidics International, Corp. (11/4/91) Using Disposable Filter Media P.O. Box 9101 593 Filtration Systems (3/2/90) 30 Ossipee Road Div. of Mechanical Mfg. Corp. Newton, Massachusetts 02164-9101 10304 N.W. 50th Street 558 Niro Soavi S.p.A. (1/3/89) Sunrise, Florida 33351 43100 Parma (Italy) 435 Sermia International (11/27/84) VIA M. Da Erba Edoari, 29/A 771 Boul. Industriel (Distributed in the US by; Blainville, Quebec Niro Hudson, Inc. Canada J7C 3V3 1600 Country Road F (US Rep.; Edward W. Fox, Jr. Hudson, Wisconsin 54016) 1200 Rolling Ridge Way, #403 847 Stork Food & Dairy Systems, Inc. (8/25/95) Bloomington, Indiana 47403) P.O. Box 1258 296 L. C. Thomsen, Inc. (8/25/77) 1024 Airport Parkway 1303 43rd Street Gainesville, Georgia 30503 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 579 1026 Pall Europe Ltd. (5/27/99) 650 API Schmidt-Bretten, Inc. (10/3/91) Walton Road 2777 Walden Avenue Portsmouth, Hampshire, P06 ITD England Buffalo, New York 14225 1024 ultrafilter, Ine. (5/11/99) 670 Flomax International, Ltd. (4/1/92) 3560 Engineering Dr. 2 Robert Street Norcross, Georgia 30092 P.O. Box 14537 35 Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/15/56) Panmurie, Auckland P.O. Box 1413 New Zealand Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 (US Rep.; Masport, Inc. 6140 McCormick Drive 11-05 Plate-type Heat Exchangers Lincoln, Nebraska 68507) for Milk and Milk Products 1005 Schmidt Thermal Processing Ltd. (3/3/99) 880 AGC Engineering (6/7/96) P.O. Box 31-247 8869 SE 58th St. Avenue Milford, Auckland, New Zealand Portland, Oregon 97206 (US Rep.: Westfalia Dairy Systems, Inc. 365 APV Heat Exchanger AS (9/8/82) 1862 Brummel Drive Platinvej, 8 Elk Grove Village, Illinois 60007 P.O. Box 329 658 Thermaline (11/15/91) DK-6000 Kolding 180-37th Street Denmark Auburn, Washington 98001 (Not available in the USA) 885 Tranter, Inc. Texas Division (7/11/96) 20 APV Americas (9/4/56) 1900 Old Burk Highway 395 Fillmore Avenue Wichita Falls, Texas 76304 Tonawonda, New York 14150 610 Universal Dairy Equipment (12/13/90) 120 Alfa-Laval, Agri, Inc. (12/3/59) 11100 N. Congress Avenue 11100 No. Congress Avenue Kansas City, Missouri 64153 Kansas City, Missouri 64153 17 Tetra Pak Engineering (8/30/56) 12-05 Tubular Heat Exchangers 101 Corporate Woods Parkway for Milk and Milk Products Vernon Hills, Illinois 60061 886 API Ketema Heat Transfer Technology (7/16/96) 718 Babson Bros. Co. (3/8/93) 2300 W. Marshall Drive Dairy’ Systems Div. Grand Prairie, Texas 75051 1400 West Gale Avenue 438 APV Americas Heat Transfer (12/10/84) Galesville, Wisconsin 54630 395 Fillmore Avenue 30 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (10/2/56) Tonawanda, New York 14150 Process Equipment Division 248 Allegheny Bradford Corp. (4/16/73) P.O. Box 35600 Louisville, Kentucky' 40232-5600 P.O. Box 200, Route 219 South Bradford, Pennsylvania 16701 14 Chester-Jensen Co., Inc. (8/15/52) 243 Babson Brothers Company (10/31/72) 5th & Tilghman Sts., P.O. Box 908 Dairy Systems Division Chester, Pennsylvania 19016 20903 West Gale Avenue 791 The Coburn Co., Inc. (9/14/94) Galesville, Wisconsin 54630-0659 834 E. Milwaukee Street, Box 147 605 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (8/30/90) Whitewater, Wisconsin 53190 Process Equipment Division 468 GEA Ecoflex North America, Inc. (2/2/86) P.O. Box 35600 7150 Distribution Drive Louisville, Kentucky 40232-5600 Louisville, Kentucky’ 40258-2528 103 Chester-Jensen Co., Inc. (6/6/58) 622 ITT Standard (2/25/91) 5th & Tilghman Sts., P.O. Box 908 175 Standard Parkway Chester, Pennsylvania 19016 Cheektowaga, New York 14227 712 Enerquip, Inc. (2/24/93) 414 Paul Mueller Co. (12/13/83) 611 North Road P.O. Box 828 P.O. Box 467 Medford, Wisconsin 54451 Springfield, Missouri 65801 889 EMC Corporation-FranRica Systems (9/5/96) 912 Pladot Ein Harod (4/3/97) P.O. Box 30127 Kibbutz Ein Harod Meuhad Stockton, California 95213-0127 18965 Israel 298 Feldmeier Equipment, Inc. (1/28/85) (US Rep.: Robert E. Turner 6800 Town Line Road P.O. Box 4595 P.O. Box 474 (iettysburg, Pennsylvania 17235-4595) Syracuse, New York 13211 279 The Schlueter Company (8/30/76) 217 Girton Manufacturing Co. (1/31/71) 3410 Bell Street, P.O. Box 548 P.O. Box 900 Janesville, Wisconsin 53547-0548 Millville, Pennsylvania 17846 580 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 711 Kusel Equipment Co. (2/24/93) 500 Dedert Corporation (4/9/87) 820 West Street 20000 Governors Drive Watertown, Wisconsin 53094 Olympia Fields, Illinois 60461 238 Paul Mueller Co. (6/28/72) 186R Marriott Walker Corp. (9/6/66) P.O. Box 828 Springfield, Missouri 65801 925 E. iMaple Road 96 C. E. Rogers Co. (3/31/64) Birmingham, Michigan 48011 1895 Frontage Road, P.O. Box 118 273 Niro, Inc. (5/20/76) Mora, Minnesota 55051 Evaporator Division 532 Scherping Systems (6/8/88) 9165 Rumsey Road 801 Kingsley Street Columbia, Maryland 21045 Winsted, Minnesota 55395 107R C.E. Rogers Co. (7/31/58) 971 Hydro-Thermal Corporation (7/2/98) P.O. Box 118 400 Pilot Court Wauseka, Illinois 53188 1895 Frontage Road 392 Stork Food & Dairy Systems, Inc. (6/9/83) Mora, Minnesota 55051 P.O. Box 1258 299 Stork Food & Dairy Systems, Inc. (11/17/77) 1024 Airport Parkway P.O. Box 1258 Gainesville, Georgia 30503 1024 Airport Parkway 614 Tetra Pak Processing Systems (5/2/91) Gainesville, Georgia 30503 101 Corporate Woods Parkway Vernon Hills, Illinois 60061 17-09 Formers, Fillers and Sealers of Single Service 951 Thermaline, Inc. (1/30/98) 180 - 37th Street N.W. Containers for Fluid Milk and Fluid Milk Products Auburn, Washington 98001 1031 ACMAUSA, Inc. (6/18/99) 632 Yula Corporation (6/4/91) 501 Southlake Boulevard 330 Bryant Avenue Richmond, Virginia 23236 Bronx, New York 10474 (US Rep.: AUTOPROD Inc. 5355 115th Avenue North 13-09 Farm Milk Cooling and Holding Tanks Clearwater, Florida 33760) 939 BWI KP Aerofill (10/16/97) 802 Refinox S.A. DE C.V. (11/10/94) 807 West Kimberly Road Ind. Torreon, Coah, Mexico Davenport, Iowa 52808-3848 (US Rep.: James Read 382 SIG Combibloc, Inc. M. E. Stainless (4/15/83) 601 High Plain Drive 4800 Roberts Road Bel Air, Maryland 21014) Columbus, Ohio 43228 49R Alfa Laval Agri, Inc. (12/5/56) 192 Evergreen Packaging (1/3/67) 11100 North Congress Avenue 2400-6th Street S.W., P.O. Box 3000 Kansas City, Missouri 64153 Cedar Rapids, Iowa 52406 240 Babson Brothers Company (9/6/72) 488 BWI Fords Holmatic, Inc. (12/22/86) Dairy Systems Division 1750 Corporate Drive, Suite 700 P.O. Box 659 Norcross, Georgia 30093 Galesville, Wisconsin 54630 1009 Federal Manufacturing Company (3/15/99) 4R Bou-matic, The Dairy Equipment (6/15/56) 201 West Walker Street Division of DEC, International Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53204-0215 1919 S. Stoughton Road 1029 FORMSEAL (6/18/99) Madison, Wisconsin 53708-8050 1 rue de I’Epee Royale 12R Paul Mueller Co. (7/31/56) 14700 FALAISE 1600 W. Phelps, P.O. Box 828 France Springfield, Missouri 65801 619 Hassia Verpackungsmaschinen GmbH (2/22/91) 611 Universal Dairy Equipment (12/13/90) Heerweg 19 11100 N. Congress Avenue D-63691 Ranstadt Kansas City, Missouri 64153 Germany (US Rep.: Hassia USA, Inc. 1210 Campus Drive West 16-05 Evaporators and Vacuum Pans Morganville, New Jersey 07751) for Milk and Milk Products 735 Kvalitetsproduktion AB (6/11/93) S-693 29 Degerfors, Sweden 132 APV Americas (10/26/60) (US Rep.: Flowtech, Inc. 182 Wales Avenue 1900 Lake Park Drive, Suite 345 Tonawanda, New York 14150 Smyrna, Georgia 30080) 277 Contherm, Inc. (8/19/76) 330 Milliken Packaging (8/26/80) P.O. Box 352, 111 Parker Street P.O. Box 736 Newburyport, Massachusetts 01950 White Stone, South Carolina 29353 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion 581 442 Milliken Packaging (3/21/85) 19*04 Batch and Continuous Freezers for Ice Cream, P.O. Box 736 Ices, and Similarly Frozen Dairy Foods, as Amended White Stone, South Carolina 29386 141 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (4/15/63) 137 Elopak, Inc. (10/17/62) P.O. Box 35600 30000 South Hill Road Louisville, Kentucky 40232-5600 New Hudson, Michigan 48165 146 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell Corp. (12/10/63) 941 Oden Corporation (10/28/97) P.O. Box 35600 255 Great Arrow Avenue Louisville, Kentucky 40232-5600 Buffalo, New York 14207-3024 286 Tetra Pak Hoyer, Inc. (12/8/76) 989 PACK LINE, Ltd. (11/24/98) P.O. Box 280 4, Hapatish Street Lake Geneva, Wisconsin 53147 Holon 58815 355 Emery Thompson Machine & Supply Co. (3/9/82) Israel 1349 Inwood Avenue (US Rep.; Rabbeco, Inc. Bronx, New York 10452 2601 Miles Road Warrensville Heights, Ohio 44128) 22*07 Silo-type Storage Tanks 1015 ProTherm Engineering Company (4/2/99) for Milk and Milk Products 3475 W. Shaw Avenue, Suite 106 154 APV Americas - Lake Mills (2/10/65) Fresno, California 93711 100 South CP Avenue 281 Purity Packaging Corp. (11/8/77) Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551 800 Kaderly Road 160 DCI, Inc. (4/5/65) Columbus, Ohio 43228 P.O. Box 1227, 600 No. 54th Avenue 967 RAPAK (6/18/98) St. Cloud, Minnesota 56301 20939 Cabot Boulevard 312 Feldmeier Equipment, Inc. (9/15/78) Hayward, California 94545 6800 Town Line Road 1001 REMY Equipment (3/3/99) P.O. Box 474 50 Avenue des Fenots Syracuse, New York 13211 28109 Dreux, France 439 JV Northwest, Inc. (1/22/85) (US Rep.: SIDEL, INC. 390 S. Redwood Street 5600 Sun Court Canby, Oregon 97013 Norcross, Georgia 30092 155 Paul Mueller Co. (2/10/65) 924 Robert Bosch GmbH (6/4/97) 1600 W. Phelps, P.O. Box 828 P.O. Box 1127 Springfield, Missouri 65801 503 Ripley Stainless, Ltd. (5/1/87) D-71301 RR #3, Suite 41 Waiblingen, Germany Summerland, British Columbia VOH IZO (US Rep.: Robert Bosch Corporation (Not available in the USA) 9890 Red Arrow Highway 479 Scherping Systems (8/3/86) Bridgman, Michigan 49106) 801 Kingsley Street 482 Serac, Inc. (8/25/86) Winsted, Minnesota 55395 300 Westgate Drive 675 Stainless Fabrication, Inc. (4/22/92) Carol Stream, Illinois 60188 4455 W. Kearney 681 Shikoku Kakoki Co., Ltd. (6/8/92) Springfield, Missouri 65803 No. 10-01 Nishinokawa 165 Walker Stainless Equipment Co., Inc. (4/26/65) Tarohachisu, Kitajima-Cho 625 State Street Itanogun, Tokushima, Japan New Lisbon, Wisconsin 53950 (US Rep.; Elopak, Inc. 30000 South Hill Road 23-02 Equipment for Packaging Viscous Dairy Products New Hudson, Michigan 48165) 174 APVCrepaco (9/28/65) 220 Tetra Rex, Inc. (4/24/71) A Division of APV North America, Inc. 451 East Industrial Boulevard 100 South CP Avenue Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 1020 Tetra Rex, Inc. (4/21/99) 902 A.T.S. Engineering, Inc. (1/10/97) 909 Asbury Drive 7270 Torbram Road, Unit 23 Mississauga, Ontario Buffalo Grove, Illinois 60089 Canada L4T 3Y7 351 Tetra Pak, Inc. (1/6/83) (US Rep.: L and A Package Sales 3300 Airport Road 356 Millstone Road Denton, Texas 76207 Clarksburg, New Jersey 08510 694 IPFO International, Inc. (9/23/92) and Packaging Specialist 275 Fountainebleau Boulevard, Suite 247 4500 Greenville Avenue Miami, Florida 33172 Dallas, Texas 75206) 582 Dairy, food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 366 AUTOPPROD, Inc. (9/15/83) 666 RapidPak (3/5/92) 5355 - 115th Avenue N 2530 West Everett Street Clearwater, Florida 33760 Appleton, Wisconsin 54914-4958 96 BENHIL-GASTl Verpack (5/98) 740 Raque Food Systems, Inc. (6/25/93) ungsmaschinen GmbH 11002 Decimal Drive Jagenbergstrasse 1 Louisville, Kentucky 402S>9 D-41468 Neuss 222 Sweetheart Packaging (11/15/71) Germany 10100 Reistertown Road 965 BENHIL-GASTI Verpack (5/27/98) Owing Mills, Maryland 21117 ungsmaschinen GmbH 891 World Cup Packaging Corporation (9/20/96) Jagenbergstrasse 1 777 Progressive Lane D-41468 Neuss Germany South Beloit, Illinois 61080 (US Rep.; Autoprod, Inc. 5355 - 155th Avenue N 24-4)2 Non- AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 583 520 Stainless Fabrication, Inc. (12/8/87) 922 Ishida Co., Ltd. (5/9/97) 4455 W. Kearney 44 Sanno-Cho, Shogoin Springfield, Missouri 65803 Sakyo-Ku 837 Viatec Process Incorporated (7/10/95) Kyoto, Japan 500 Reed Street (US Rep.: Heat & Control, Inc. Belding Michigan 48809 21121 Cabot Boulevard 202 Walker Stainless Equip. Co., Inc. (9/24/68) Hay-ward, California 94545-1132) 625 State Street, P.O. Box 202 409 GEI International, Inc. (10/31/83) New Lisbon, Wisconsin 53950-0202 700 Pennsylvania Drive Exton, Pennsylvania 19341-0439 905 Pacmac, Inc. (2/13/97) 26-03 Sifters for Dry Milk and Dry Milk Products 1 l6l Armstrong Avenue 752 Andritz Sprout-Bauer (1/28/94) P.O. Box 360 35 Sherman Street Fayetteville, Arkansas 72702-0360 Muncy, Pennsylvania 17756 998 SIG Pack Eagle Corporation (3/1/99) 363 Kason Corp. (7/28/82) 2107 Livingston Street 67-71 East Willow Street Oakland, California 94606 Millbum, New Jersey 07041 895 Spiroflow-Orthos Systems, Inc. (11/27/96) 430 Midwestern Industries, Inc. (10/11/84) 2806 Gray Fox Road Monroe, North Carolina 28110 915 Oberlin Road. P.O. Box 810 497 Triangle Package Machinery Co. (2/26/87) Massillon, Ohio 44648-0810 6655 West Diversey Avenue 185 Rotex, Inc. (8/10/66) Chicago, Illinois 60635 1230 Knowlton Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45223 28-03 Flow Meters for Milk and Milk Products 656 Separator Engineering, Ltd. (11/4/91) 270 ABB Instrumentation, Inc. (2/9/76) 810 Ellingham Street 125 E. County Line Road Pointe Clair, Quebec, Canada H9R 3S4 Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974 (US Rep.: Kason Corp. 272 Accurate Metering Systems, Inc. (4/2/76) 1301 E. Linden Avenue 1651 Wilkening Court Linden, New Jersey 07036) Schaumburg, Illinois 60173 172 Sweco, Inc. (9/1/65) 253 Badger Meter, Inc. (1/2/74) (Division of Emerson Electric Company) 4545 W. Brown Deer Road 7120 Buffington Road P.O. Box 23099 Florence, Kentucky' 41042 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53223 884 Bailey-Fischer & Porter GmbH (7/12/96) Dransfeld Strasse, Gottingen 37079 27-04 Equipment for Packaging Dry Milk Germany and Dry Milk Products (US Rep.: Bailey-Fischer & Porter 353 All-Fill, Inc. (3/2/82) 125 E. County Line Road 418 Creamery Way Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974) Exton, Pennsylvania 19341 956 Blancett Fluid Flow Meters (3/19/98) 935 Bossar S.A. (8/8/97) 100 E. Felix Street South, Suite 190 Poligono Industrial Roca Fort Worth, Texas 76115-3548 C/. San Marti s/n. 979 Bopp & Reuther Messtechnik GmbH (9/9/98) 08100 Martorelles Carl-Reuther Strasse 1 (Barcelona) D-68305 Mannheim Spain Germany (US Rep.: Hayssen Manufacturing Co. (US Rep.: Metron Technology 225 Spartangreen Blvd. 2005 - 10th Street Duncan, South Carolina 29334) Boulder, Colorado 80302) 831 Custom Equipment Design (5/9/95) 359 Brooks Instalment Division (6/11/82) 1057 Highway 80 East, P.O. Box 4807 407 West Vine Street Monroe, Louisiana 71203 Hatfield, Pennsylvania 19440 618 Yamato Scale Co., Ltd. (2/18/91) 660 Danfoss A/S (11 /20/91) 5-22- Saemba-Cho DK-6430 Akashi, Hyogo 673-8688 Japan Nordborg, Denmark 625 Ishida Company, Ltd. (4/2/91) (US Rep.: Danfoss Electronics 44, Sanno-Cho, Shogoin 2995 Eastrock Drive Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan Rockford, Illinois 61109) (US Rep.: Heat & Control 950 Delta M Corp. (1/19/98) 21121 Cabot Blvd. 1003 Larsen Drive Hayward, California 94545-1132) Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830 584 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 692 Endress & Hauser Flowtec AG (9/14/92) 529 KROHNE, Inc. (5/18/88) Kagenstrasse 7 7 Dearborn Road CH - 4153 Reinach, Switzerland Peabody, Massachusetts 01960 (US Rep.: Endress & Hauser, Inc. 972 Liquid Controls, LLC (7/21/98) 2350 Endress Place 105 Albrecht Drive Greenwood, Indiana 46143) Lake Bluff, Illinois 60044-2242 226 Bailey Eischer & Porter Co. (12/9/71) 1034 Liquid Controls, LLC (6/28/98) 125 E. County Line Road 105 Albrecht Drive Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974 Lake Bluff, Illinois 60044-2242 477 Flowdata, Inc. (7/31/86) 778 Magnetrol Inti., Inc. (7/27/94) 1817 Firman Drive 5300 Belmont Road Richardson, Texas 75081-1826 Downers Grove, Illinois 60515 506 Flow Technology, Inc. (6/17/87) 378 Micro Motion, Inc. (2/16/83) 4250 East Broadway Road 7070 Winchester Circle Phoenix, Arizona 85040 Boulder, Colorado 80301 224 The Foxboro Company (11/16/71) 932 Nitto Seiko Co., Ltd. (7/31/97) 33 Commercial Street 623 Japan, 30 Foxboro, Massachusetts 02035 Nobu-Cho "17 Gemu Valves, Inc. (3/4/93) Ayabe Kyoto 3800 Camp Creek Parkway (US Rep.: Endress & Hauser Flowtec AG Ste. 102, Bldg. 2400 Division USA Atlanta, Georgia 30331 2350 Endress Place 649 Geo Tech nology Corporation (10/2/91) P.O. Box 246-1 12312 E. 60th Street Greenwood, Indiana 46142) Tulsa, Oklahoma 74146 938 norax, Inc. (10/16/97) 1035 GRIIPPO ISOIL S.p.A. (6/28/99) 10728 S. 92nd Street Via F.lli Gracchi 27 Franklin, Wisconsin 53132 2(K)92 Cinsello Balsamo Milano Italy 1019 Pacific Flow Controls (4/20/99) (US Rep.: Liquid Controls, LLC 170-F Alamo Plaza, Suite 177 105 Albrecht Drive Alamo, California 94507 Lake Bluff, Illinois 60044-2242) 729 Peek Measurement, Ltd. (4/14/93) 661 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (11/21/91) Kings Worthy, Winchester G & H Division Hampshire, England S023 7QA 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 (US Rep.: Peek Measurement Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 10335 Landsbury, Ste. 300 630 Halliburton Services (5/28/91) Houston, Texas 77099-3407) Drawer 1431 490 Rosemount, Inc. (1/8/87) Duncan, Oklahoma 73536-0346 12001 Technology Drive 574 Aaliant (10/12/89) 150 Venture Boulevard Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344 P.O. Box 4585 585 Solartron (12/7/89) Spartanburg, South Carolina 29305 11321 Richmond Avenue 512 Hoffer Flow Controls, Inc. (8/17/87) Houston, Texas 77082-2615 107 Kitty Hawk Lane 587 Schlumberger Ind., Measurement Div. (12/18/89) Elizabeth City, North Carolina 27909-4585 1310 Emerald Road 744 Honeywell lAC (11/16/93) Greenwood, South Carolina 29646 1100 Virgina Drive 550 Sparling Instruments Co., Inc. (10/26/88) Fort Washington, Pennsylvania 19034 4097 N. Temple City' Boulevard Honeywell, Inc. (5/18/93) 733 P.O. Box 5988 1100 Virginia Drive El Monte, California 91731 Fort Washington, Pennsylvania 19034-3260 265 Flow Automation (3/10/75) 715 Thermal Instrument Co. (2/25/93) 9303 Sam Houston Parkway South 217 Sterner Mill Road Houston, Texas 77099-5298 Trevose, Pennsylvania 19053 535 FMC Invalco, Inc. (7/12/88) 1021 Toshiba Corporation (4/27/99) (An FMC Corporation Subsidiary') 1, Toshiba-Cho P.O. Box 1183 Fuchu-Shi, Tokyo 183 Japan Hutchinson, Kansas 67504 803 Turck, Inc. (11/18/94) 764 Yokogawa Indicstrial Automation America Inc. (4/22/94) 3000 Campus Drive 4 Dart Road Plymouth, Minnesota 55441-2656 Newnan, Georgia 30265-1040 840 KOBOLD Instr. Inc. (7/17/95) 29-01 Air Eliminators for Milk 1801 Parkway View Drive and Fluid Milk Products Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205 871 KOBOLD Instr. Inc. (3/28/96) 340 Accurate Metering Systems, Inc. (6/2/81) 1801 Parkway View Drive 1651 Wilkening Court Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205 Schaumburg, Illinois 601 "’3 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 585 662 Alfa Laval FLow, Inc. (11/21/91) 441 Scherping Systems (3/1/85) G & H Division 801 Kingsley Street 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 Winsted, Minnesota 55395 Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 852 Viatec, Inc. (10/18/95) 436 Scherping Systems (11/27/84) 1220 State Street 801 Kingsley Street Hastings, Michigan 49058 Winsted, Minnesota 55395 339 Walker Stainless Equip. Co., Inc. (6/2/81) 625 State Street 3(M)1 Farm Milk Storage Tanks New Lisbon, Wisconsin 53950 421 Paul Mueller Co. (4/17/84) P.O. Box 828 33-01 Polished Metal Tubing for Dairy Products Springfield, Missouri 65801 310 Allegheny Bradford Corp. (7/19/78) P.O. Box 200 Route 219 South 31-02 Scraped Surface Heat Exchangers Bradford, Pennsylvania 16701 290 APV Americas - Lake Mills (6/15/77) 812 A T I. s.r.l. (1/26/95) 100 South CP Avenue Viale Resegone 7 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551 22036 Erba (Como) 323 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (7/26/79) Italy Process Equipment Division (US Rep.: Norca Corporation P.O. Box 35600 185 Great Neck Road Louisville, Kentucky 40232-5600 Great Neck, New York 11022) 274 Alfa Laval Thermal, Inc. (6/25/76) 413 Azeo, Inc. (12/8/83) 111 Parker Street P.O. Box 567 Newburyport, Massachusetts 01950 Appleton, Wisconsin 54912 496 FMC Corp. 736 Kvalitetsproduktion AB (6/11/93) Fran Rica Systems (2/23/87) S-693 29 Degerfors, Sweden P.O. Box 30127 Stockton, California 95213-0127 (US Rep.: Flowtech, Inc. 361 N.V. Terlet (7/12/82) 1900 Lake Park Drive, Ste. 345 P.O. Box 62 Smyrna, Georgia 30080) 7200 AB Zutphen 308 Rath Manufacturing Co., Inc. (6/20/78) Netherlands 2505 Foster Avenue (US Agent Manning & Lewis-NJ) Janesville, Wisconsin 53545 964 Schroder GmbH & Co. KG (5/27/98) 368 Rodger Industries Inc. (10/7/82) Falkenstr. 51-57 P.O. Box 186, R.R. 1 D-23564,Lubeck Blenheim, Ontario Germany Canada NOP lAO (US Rep.: Schroder N.A. Corp. (Not available in the USA) 12780 Westlinks Drive 776 TGPRO (7/18/94) Fort Myers, Florida 33913) Bangkok, Thailand (US Rep.: Kurt Orban Partners 32-02 Uninsulated Tanks for Milk Kurt Orban and Milk Products 450 Kings Road 397 APV Americas - Lake Mills (6/21/83) Brisbane, California 94005) 100 South CP Avenue 775 Trent Tube (7/18/94) Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551 P.O. Box 77 268 DCl, Inc. (11/21/75) East Troy, Wisconsin 53120 6(X) No. 54th Avenue, P.O. Box 1227 331 United Industries, Inc. (10/23/80) St. Cloud, Minnesota 56301 1546 Henry Avenue 708 Lee Industries, Inc. (1/12/93) Beloit, Wisconsin 53511 P.O. Box 688 Phillipsburg, Pennsylvania 16866 844 Paul Mueller Co. (8/24/95) 34-02 Portable Bins 1600 West Phelps Street 916 Custom Metalcraft, Inc. (4/17/97) Springfield, Missouri 65801 2332 East Division 354 C.E. Rogers Co. (3/3/82) P.O. Box 10587 GS 1895 Frontage Road, P.O. Box 118 Mora, Minnesota 55051 Springfield, Missouri 65808 683 SANIFAB (7/9/92) 647 Thomas Conveyor Company (9/18/91) A Division of A&B Process Systems Corp. Tote System Division P.O. Box 86 P.O. Box 2916 Stratford, Wisconsin 54484 Fort Worth, Texas 76113-2916 586 Doiry, Food ond Environmentol Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 35-00 Continuous Blenders 608 Kinematica, Inc. (10/17/90) 19 Normandy Road 869 ADMIX, Inc. (3/14/96) Newton, Massachusetts 02166 234 Abby Road 293 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (8/25/77) Manchester, New Hampshire 03103-3332 611 Sugar Creek Road 527 Arde Barinco, Inc. (3/15/88) Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 500 Walnut Street Norwood, New Jersey 07648 38-00 Cottage Cheese Vats 590 Chemineer, Inc. (1/23/90) 541 Kusel Equipment Company (9/16/88) 125 Flagship Drive 820 West Street North Andover, Massachusetts 01845 Watertown, Wisconsin 53094 417 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (2/7/84) 385 Stocking, Inc. (5/5/83) Process Equipment Division 502 Highway 67 P.O. Box 35600 Kiel, Wisconsin 53042-1600 Louisville, Kentucky 40232-5600 40-01 Bag Collectors for Dry Milk 825 GEI International, Inc. (3/30/95) and Dry Milk Products 700 Pennsylvania Drive Exton, Pennsylvania 19341 381 Marriott Walker Corp. (4/12/83) 925 E. Maple Road 914 International Mixing Tech, s.a.r.l. (4/9/97) Birmingham, Michigan 48809 469 Avenue Louis Herbeaux 456 C. E. Rogers Company (9/25/85) F-59240 Dunkerque P.O. Box 118 France Mora, Minnesota 55051 (US Rep.: I.M.T. USA 6946 Paseo Laredo 41-01 Mechanical Conveyors San Diego, California 92037) 631 Flexicon Corporation (5/28/91) 642 Mondomix B.V. (8/7/91) 1375 Strykers Road Reeweg 13 Phillipsburg, New Jersey 08865 P.O. Box 98 894 Spiroflow-Orthos Systems, Inc. (11/5/96) 1394 ZH Nederhorst den Berg 2806 Gray Fox Road The Netherlands Monroe, North Carolina 28110 (US Rep.: Mondomix 1 West Illinois Street, Suite 300 42-01 In-Line Strainers St. Charles, Illinois 60174) 855 Flowtech Inc. (10/30/95) 1027 Polar Process Inc. (6/18/99) 1701 Spinks Drive S.E. P.O. Box 190 Marietta, Georgia 30067-8925 92 Albert Street E. 655 Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/23/91) Plattsville, Ontario, Canada NOJ ISO P.O. Box 1413 680 Quadro Engineering, Inc. (6/3/92) Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 613 Colby Drive 1023 Ultrafilter, Inc. (5/11/99) Waterloo, Ontario 3560 Engineering Drive Norcross, Georgia 30092 Canada N2V lAl 606 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (9/18/90) (US Rep.: Quadro, Inc. 611 Sugar Creek Road 55 Bleeker Street Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 Milbum, New Jersey 07041-1414) 766 Semi-Bulk Systems (4/28/94) 159 Cassens Court 44-02 Air Hydraulically or Mechanically Fenton, Missouri 63026-2543 Driven Diaphragm Pumps 724 Silverson Machines, Inc. (4/14/93) 958 American LEWA, Inc. (4/15/98) P.O. Box 589 132 Hopping Brook Road 355 Chestnut Street Holliston, Massachusetts 01746-1499 East Longmeadow, Massachusetts 01028 959 American LEWA, Inc. (4/15/98) 132 Hopping Brook Road Holliston, Massachusetts 01746-1499 36-00 Colloid Mills 937 Versa-Matic Pump Company (9/18/97) 808 Boston Shearpump, Inc. (12/16/94) 6017 Enterprise Drive 170 Linden Street Export, Pennsylvania 15632-8969 Wellesley, Massachusetts 02181-7919 1012 Versa-Matic Pump Company (3/19/99) 846 IKA Works, Inc. (9/7/95) 6017 Enterprise Drive 2635 North Chase Parkway, S.E. Export, Pennsylvania 15632-8969 Wilmington, North Carolina 28405-7499 713 Warren Rupp, Inc., A Unit of IDEXX Corp. (2/5/93) 915 IKA Works, Inc. (4/17/97) 800 North Main Street 2635 North Chase Parkway, S.E. P.O. Box 1568 Wilmington, North Carolina 28405-7499 Mansfield, Ohio 44905 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation 587 833 Wilder! Pump & Engr. Co. (6/22/95) (US Rep.: BD Services Corporation 22069 Van Buren Street 300 North Commercial Street Grand Terrace, California 92313-5651 Bellingham, Washington 98227) 805 Tri-Clover (11/18/94) 919 Foss NIR Systems, Inc. (4/24/97) P.O. Box 1413 12101 Tech Road Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 Silver Spring, Maryland 20904 742 Reflectronics, Inc. (9/15/93) 3009 Montavesta Road 45-00 Cross Flow Membrane Modules Lexington, Kentucky 40502 807 CeraMem Separations (11/30/94) 20 Clematis Avenue 47-00 Pumps for Cleaning & Sanitizing Solutions Waltham, Massachusetts 02154 786 North Carolina SRT, Inc. (9/24/94) 897 Ampco Pumps Company (12/10/96) 221 James Jackson Avenue 4000 West Burnham Street Cary, North Carolina 27513 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53215 46-01 Refroctometers and Optical Sensors 50-00 Level Sensing Devices 981 AW Company (9/16/98) 705 Bindicator Company (12/29/92) 8809 Industrial Drive 1915 Dove Street Franksville, Wisconsin 53126-9337 Port Huron, Michigan 48060 785 Bran & Lubbe, Inc. (9/2/94) 1025 Busch Parkway 51-00 (Formerly 08-17R) Plug-Type Valves Buffalo Grove, Illinois 60089 955 Brimrose Corp. of America (3/17/98) 787 Cipriani, Inc. (8/27/91) 5020 Campbell Boulevard Tassalini S.P.A. Baltimore, Maryland 21236-4968 23195 LaCadena Drive, Suite 103 859 The Electron Machine Corp. (11/4/95) Laguna Hills, California 92653 15820 CR450 West 772 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (6/10/57) P.O. Box 2345 G & H Division Umatilla, Florida 32784 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 800 Epsilon Industrial Inc. (10/24/94) 2215 Grand Avenue Parkway Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 Austin, Texas 78728 780 L. C. Thomsen, Inc. (8/31/57) 783 James C. Camp (9/2/94) 1303 - 43rd Street dba Advantec Process Systems Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 95 Wyngate Drive 239 LUMACO (6/3/72) Newnan, Georgia 30265 9-11 East Broadway 940 K-Patents OY (10/23/97) Hackensack, New Jersey 07601 P.O. Box 77 788 Puriti, S.A. De C. V. (9/12/72) Fin-01511 Alfredo Nobel No. 39 Vantaa, Finland Fracc. Ind. Pte. de Vigas (US Rep.; K-Patents, Inc. Tlalnepantha, Mexico 1804 Centre Pointe Circle, Suite 106 (US Rep.: Waukesha Cherry-Burrell Naperville, Illinois 60563) 611 Sugar Creek Road 697 Liquid Solids Control, Inc. (10/21/92) Delavan, Wisconsin 53115) P.O. Box 259 781 Robert James Sales, Inc. (8/31/94) Farm Street Upton, Massachusetts 01568 699 Hertel Avenue, Suite 260 751 Maselli Measurements, Inc. (1/20/94) Buffalo, New York 14207 Via Baganza, 43100 357 Tanaco Products (4/15/82) Parma, Italy 3860 Loomis Trail Road (US Rep.: Maselli Measurements, Inc. Blaine, Washington 98230 P.O. Box 7571 777 Tech Control Ent. (8/2/85) Stockton, California 95267) 3725 N. Murray Road 921 optek-Danulat Inc. (4/30/97) Otis Orchard, Washington 99027 279 South 17th Avenue, Suite 10 790 Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/15/56) West Bend, Wisconsin 53095 P.O. Box 1413 767 Foss NIR Systems, Inc. (6/6/94) Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 12101 Tech Road 759 VNE Corporation (3/16/78) Silver Spring, Maryland 20904 1149 Barberry Drive 750 PT Papertech, Inc. (1/20/94) Janesville, Wisconsin 53545 #301 - 2609 Westview Drive 761 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (12/17/57) North Vancouver 611 Sugar Creek Road B. C. Canada V7N 4M2 Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 588 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 52-01 (Formerly 08-17H) Thermoplastic 530 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (5/31/88) Plug Type Valves G & H Division 907 LAUFER International AG (2/25/97) 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 Finkenweg 2 Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 D-88709 607 FLOWSERVE Corporation (9/25/90) Meersburg, Germany 510 Parkway View Drive (US Rep.: M. G. Newell Corporation Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205-1410 115 N. 20th Street 570 LUMACO (8/9/89) Tampa, Florida 33605) 9-11 East Broadway 577 Ralet-Defay (11/2/89) Hackensack, New Jersey 07601 66, Boulevard Poincare 881 MTS Milchtechnik AG (6/14/96) 1070 Brussels, Belgium Saint Galler Strasse 19 (US Agent GENICANAM, Chazy, New York) CH-9042 Speicher AR Switzerland 53-01 (Formerly 08-17A) Compression Type Valves (US Rep.: Mr. James Lucas 484 APV Americas - Lake Mills (10/22/86) Lucas & Associates 100 South CP Avenue 642 Alvarado St., #306 Uke Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 San Francisco, California 94114) 952 APV Fluid Handling-America (1/30/98) 483 On-Line Instrumentation, Inc. (10/15/86) 100 South CP Avenue Rt. 376, P.O. Box 541 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 Hopewell Junction, New York 12533 730 APV Americas - Lake Mills (4/21/93) 652 Pierre Guerin SA (10/4/91) 100 South CP Avenue BP.12-79210 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 Mauze-Sur-Le-Mignon 552 APV Americas - Lake Mills (11/23/57) France (Not Available in the USA) 100 South CP Avenue 551 Puriti, S.A. de C.V. (9/12/72) Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 Alfredo Nobel 39 245 Babson Brothers Company (2/12/73) Fracc. Ind. Puente de Vigas Dairy System Division Tlalnepantla, Mexico P.O. Box 659 (US Rep.: Waukesha Cherry-Burrell 20903 West Gale Avenue 611 Sugar Creek Road Galesville, Wisconsin 54630 Delavan, Wisconsin 53115) 443 Badger Meter, Inc. (4/30/85) 149R Q-Controls (5/18/64) 6116 East 15th Street Subsidiary of Cesco Magnetics Tulsa, Oklahoma 74112 93 Utility Court 686 Bardiani Valvole S.R.L. (8/3/92) Rohnert Park, California 94928 Via G. Vittorio, 30/B 978 Relco Unisystems Corporation (8/31/98) 43045 Fomovo (PR) Italy 2281 - 3rd Avenue SW, P.O. Box 1689 (US Rep.: Sanchelima Int. Willmar, Minnesota 56201 748 Richards Industries Valve Group 1763 Northwest 93rd Avenue (1/11/94) 3170 Wasson Road Miami, Florida 33172) Cincinnati, Ohio 45209-2381 1010 Candigra/CIA, S.A. (3/16/99) 944 Samson Controls, Inc. (11/11/97) c/Telers, 54-Aptdo 174 4111 Cedar Boulevard 17820 Banyoles, Spain Baytown, Texas 77520 (Not available in the USA) 762 Stainless Products, Inc. (12/18/80) 538 Cipriani, Inc.-Tassalina S.P.A. (7/31/88) 1649 - 72nd Avenue 23195 La Cadena Drive, Suite 103 Somers, Wisconsin 53171-0169 Laguna Hills, California 92653 806 Steri Technologies, Inc. (11/23/94) 716 Conexiones Inoxidables (3/4/93) 857 Lincoln Avenue de Puebla S.A. de C.V. Bohemia, New York 11716 Vicente Guerrero No. 211 804 Sudmo North America, Inc. (11/18/94) Xicotepec de Juarez 4786 Colt Road Edo, Puebla Mexico Rockford, Illinois 61109 (US Rep: Ben Dolphin Consulting 823 Sudmo North America, Inc. (3/17/95) 4735 Lansing Drive 4786 Colt Road North Olmsted, Ohio 44070) Rockford, Illinois 61109 376 Defontaine of America, Inc. (1/25/83) 954 Taylor Valve Technology (2/25/98) 16720 W. Victor Road 8300 S.W. 8th Street New Berlin, Wisconsin 53151 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73128 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation 589 542 L.C. Thomsen, Inc. (8/31/88) 514 H. D. Bauman Inc. (8/24/87) 1 1303-43rd Street 35 Mirona Road 1 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 Portsmouth, New Hampshire 03801-5317 1 34A Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/15/56) 203R ITT Engineered Valves (11/27/68) 1 P.O. Box 1413 33 Centerville Road 1 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 Lancaster, Pennsvlvania 17603-2064 1 467 Tuchenhagen North America, Inc. (1/13/86) 494 Tri Clover Inc. (3/23/99) 1 9165 Rumsey Road Division of Alfa Laval Columbia, Maryland 21045 t| 1008 UNIVALVE S.A. (3/3/99) Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 1 Z.A. du Mittelfeld 1, rue Alfred Kastler F 67300 Schiltigheim, France 55-01 Baat Seal Valves far Milk & Milk Praducts 1 (Not available in the USA) 821 Keofitt A/S (3/17/95) r 561 VACU-PURG, Inc. (1/26/89) Snaremosvej 27 214 West Main Street DK-7000 Fredericia P.O. Box 159 > Fredericksburg, Iowa 50630 Denmark 584 Valvinox, Inc.-SGRM Division (11/27/89) (US Rep.: Keofitt, Inc. 650 lere Rue. c/o Leman Iberville-QUE-Canada J2X 3B8 2920-3000 Wolff Street (Not Available in the USA) Racine, Wisconsin 53404) 796 VNE Corp. (10/11/94) P 1149 Barbeny' Drive n 56-00 (Farmerly 08-17E) Inlet and Outlet H; Janesville, Wisconsin 53547 Leak-Pratectar Plug Valve 555 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (12/11/57) 1 6l 1 Sugar Creek Road 34E Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/15/56) 1 Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 P.O. Box 1413 1 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 § 54-02 (Formerly 08-17B) Diaphragm-Type Valves 57-01 (Farmerly 08-17F) Tank Outlet Valve 1 565 APV Americas - Lake Mills (10/22/86) 531 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (5/31/88) 1 100 South CP Avenue G & H Division 1 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 1 877 APV Americas - Lake Mills (5/14/96) Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 I 100 South CP Avenue 534 Lumaco (6/30/72) 1 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 9-11 East Broadway 1 980 APV Fluid Handling America (9/15/98) Hackensack, New Jersey 07601 1 100 South CP Avenue 643 Paul Mueller Company (8/22/91) 1 Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 1600 West Phelps 1 615 AsepCo (1/4/91) Springfield, Missouri 65801 ■ 1101 San Antonio Road, #301 1 Mountain View, California 94043 58-00 (Farmerly 08-17M) Vacuum Breakers | 814 Burkert Contromatic Corporation (2/2/95) and Check Valves I 2602 McGaw Avenue Irvine, California 92714 843 APV Americas-Lake Mills (8/24/95) j 953 Burkert Contromatic Corporation (2/2/98) 100 South CP Avenue 2602 McGaw Avenue Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551 Irvine, California 92614 986 CME (10/26/98) 745 Cashco, Inc. (12/9/93) No. 21, Alley 6, Lane 71 P.O. Box 6, Hwy. 140 West Lin-Sen Road Ellsworth, Kansas 67439-0006 Taoyuan, Taiwan 617 Defontaine of America, Inc. (2/1/91) (US Rep.: Bradford Cast Metals 16720 W. Victor Road P.O. Box 33 New Berlin, Wisconsin 53151 Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122) 856 Flowtech, Inc. (10/30/95) 691 Defontaine of America, Inc. (9/19/92) 1900 Lake Park Drive, No. 345 16720 W. Victor Road Smyrna, Georgia 30080 New Berlin, Wisconsin 53151 637 Gemu Valves, Inc. (7/10/91) 835 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (6/22/95) ; 3800 Camp Creek Parkway G & H Division Bldg. 2600, Suite 110 P.O. Box 1413 Atlanta, Georgia 30331 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 590 Ooiry, Food and Environmentol Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 1014 Check-All Valve Manufacturing Co. (3/31/99) 560 Pick Heaters, Inc. (1/19/89) 1800 Fuller Road P.O. Box 516 Des Moines, Iowa 50265 West Bend, Wisconsin 53095 968 SINMAG FITTING CORP(^RATION (7/2/98) 874 Q-Jet DSI, Inc. (4/2/96) 6F, No. 23, Wu-Chuang 6th Road 704 Powell Lane, P.O. Box 350 Wu-Ku Hsiang Lewiston, New York 14092-0350 Taipei Hsien, Taiwan (US Rep.: MarketNet 62- 01 (Formerly 08-17L) Hose Assemblies 2241 Quebec Avenue South St. Louis Park, Minnesota 55426) 795 Able Hose & Rubber, Inc. (9/14/94) 834 Stanfos, Inc. (6/22/95) 2307 E. Hennepin Avenue Minneapolis, Minnesota 55413 3908 - 69th Avenue 774 The Briggs Co. (7/18/94) Edmonton, Alberta 3 Bellecor Drive Canada T6B 2V2 New Castle, Delaware 19720 (IIS Rep.; Andron Stainless Corporation 8901 Farrow Road, Suite 101 758 Crouch Supply Co. (2/22/94) Columbia, South Carolina 29203) P.O. Box 163829 857 Steel & O’Brien, Mfg. Co. (10/30/95) 902 S. Jennings 12850 Route 39 Ft. Worth, Texas 76l6l Sardinia, New York 14134 721 Dixon Valve & Coupling Co. (3/23/93) 689 VNE Corporation (8/17/92) 800 High Street 1149 Barberry Drive Chestertown, Marviand 21620-1196 Janesville, Wisconsin 53547 913 JGB Enterprises, Inc. (4/9/97) 908 Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (4/25/97) 115 Metropolitan Drive 611 Sugar Creek Road Liverpool, New York 13088 Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 757 Nelson-Jameson, Inc. (2/21/94) P.O. Box 647 59-00 (Formerly 08-17D) Automatic Positive 2400 East 5th Street Displacement Sampler Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449 291 Accurate Metering Systems Inc. (6/22/77) 727 Nalge Process Technologies Group (4/14/93) 1650 Wilkening Court 924 Marcon Boulevard Schaumburg, Illinois 60173 Allentown, Pennsylvania 18103 284 Bristol Equipment Co. (11/18/76) 799 R/W Connection (10/21/94) 936 Links Avenue 210 Beaver Street Landisville, Pennsylvania l'^538 P.O. Box 696 698 Sanitary Couplers, Inc. (10/23/'^2) Yorkville, Illinois 605(^0-0696 275 South Pioneer Boulevard Springsboro, Ohio 45066 60-00 (Formerly 08-17G) Rupture Discs 700 Titan Industries, Inc. (10/23/92) 407 Continental Disc Corp. (10/14/83) P.O. Box 1007 3160 W. Heartland Drive 11121 Garfield Avenue Liberty, Missouri 64068 South Gate, California 90280-"’590 854 Fike Metal Prod. (10/17/95) Div. Fike Corp. 63- 02 (Formerly 08-17R) Sanitary Fittings 704 South 10th Street 1018 Advance Fittings Corporation (4/13/99) Blue Springs, Missouri 64015 218 West Centralia Street 892 Oklahoma Safety Equipment Company (10/11/96) Elkhom, Wisconsin 53121 (OSECO) 380 Megheny Bradford Corp. (3/21/83) 1701 West Tacoma P.O. Box 200 Route 219 South Bn)ken Am)w, Oklahoma 74012 Bradford, Pennsylvania 16‘^01 79R APV Americas - Lake Mills (11/23/57) 61-00 (Formerly 08-171) Steam Injected Heaters 100 South CP Avenue Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53551-1799 728 APV Americas (4/14/93) 6H2 Andron Stainless, Ltd. (6/30/92) Heat Transfer Division 6170 Tomken Road 395 Fillmore Avenue Mississauga, Ontario Tonawanda, New York 14150 Canada L5T 1X7 811 Hydro-Thermal Corporation (1/1/95) (US Rep.: Andron Stainless Corp. 400 Pilot Court 8901 Farrow Road, #101 Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188 Columbia, South Carolina 29223) 991 Komax Systems, Inc. (11/30/98) 349 APN, Inc. (12/15/81) 508 East E Street 921 Industry Road Wilmington, California 90744 Caledonia, Minnesota 55921 AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food ond Environmental Sonitotion 591 900 APV Americas - Lake Mills (12/31/96) 973 Fastest, Inc. (7/21/98) 100 South CP Avenue 2315 Hampden Avenue Lake Mills, Wisconsin 53351-1799 St. Paul, Minnesota 55114 948 ARMATIIRENWERK (1/2/98) 947 FLOWMECA (12/22/97) HOTENSLEBEN GmbH 47 rue du Bois Chaland SchulstraBe 5-6 LISSES 39393 Holenslebon 91029 Evry Cedex Germany France (US Rep.: VNE Corporation (US Rep.: FLOWMECA, Inc. 1149 Barberry Drive 19400 Stevens Creek Boulevard, Suite 200 Janesville, Wisconsin 53547) Cuppertino, California 95014) 1016 Becker, Inc. (4/5/99) P.O. Box 1258 838 Food & Dairy Quality Mgmt. Inc. (QMl) (7/10/95) 6705 14th Avenue 245 E. 6th Street, Suite 4l6 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 St. Paul, Minnesota 55101 621 Bradford Castmetals (2/25/91) 67R Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (6/10/57) P.O. Box 33 G & H Division Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 688 Swagelok (8/4/92) Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 29500 Solon Road 925 Hassia Verpackungsmachinen (6/5/97) Solon, Ohio 44139-3492 GmbH 985 CME (10/26/98) Heerweg 19 No. 21, Alley 6, Lane 71 Lin-Sen Road D-63691 Taoyuan, Taiwan Ranstadt, Germany (US Rep.: Bradford Cast Metals (US Rep.: Hassia USA, Inc. P.O. Box 33 1210 Campus Drive West Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122) Morganville, New Jersey 07751) 960 C S E Chiang Sung (4/24/98) 773 HerrliAG (7/15/94) Enterprise Co., Ltd. 3210 Kerzers No. 65 Sheng Kung 1st Road Switzerland Pei Tou Industrial Park (US Rep.: VNE Corp. Changhua, Taiwan ROC P.O. Box 1698 (US Rep.: Kurt Orban Partners Janesville, Wisconsin 53547) 450 Kings Road Brisbane, California 94005) 917 Irving Polishing & Mfg., Co., Inc (4/17/97) 949 CANDIGRA y CIA, S.A. (1/2/98) 5704 46th Street C/. Telers, 54-Aptdo. 174 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53144-1899 17820 Banyoles 454 Jensen Fittings Corp. (9/11/85) Spain 107-111 Goundry Street (Not Available in the USA) North Tonawanda, New York 14120-5998 645 Cipriani, Inc. - Tassalini S.P.A. (8/27/91) 933 King Lai International Co., Ltd. (7/31/97) 23195 LaCadena Drive, Suite #103 No. 10, The 6th Street Laguna Hills, California 92653 Youth Industrial Zone 962 CIVACON (4/30/98) Tachia, Taichung 4l6 E. Alondra Boulevard Taiwan ROC Gardena, California 90248 (Not available in the USA) 696 Conexiones Inoxidables (10/1/92) 389 Lee Industries, Inc. (5/31/83) de Puebla S. A. de C. V. P.O. Box 688 Vicente Guerrero No. 112 Philipsburg, Pennsylvania I6866 Xicotepec de Juarez 703 Parker Hannifin Corp. (11/6/92) Edo. Puebla, Mexico UHP Products Division (US Rep.: Ben Dolphin Consulting 4735 Lansing Drive 1005 A Cleaner Way North Olmsted, Ohio 44070) Huntsville, Alabama 35805 1003 Dixson Valve and Coupling Company (3/3/99) 200R Paul Mueller Co. (3/5/68) 800 High Street 1600 W. Phelps Street, Box 828 Chestertown, Maryland 21620-1196 Springfield, Missouri 65801 677 EXCEL-A-TEC, Inc. (5/8/92) 726 Nalge Process Technologies Group (4/14/93) N93 W14635 Whittaker Way 924 Marcon Boulevard Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin 53051 Allentown, Pennsylvania 18103 592 Doity, Food ond Environmentol Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 242 Puriti, S.A. de C.V. (9/12/72) 82R Waukesha Cherry-Burrell (12/17/57) Alfredo Nobel 39 611 Sugar Creek Road Industrial Puente de Vigas Delavan, Wisconsin 53115 Tlalnepantla, Mexico 1006 Westfalia Landtechnik of Australia Pty. Ltd. (3/3/99) (US Rep.: Waukesha Cherry-Burrell 4 Saligna Drive 611 Sugar Creek Road Tullamarine, Victoria Delavan, Wisconsin 53115) Australia 3043 424 Robert-James Sales, Inc. (8/31/84) (US Rep.: Westfalia Dairy Systems, Inc. 699 Hertel Avenue, Suite 260 1862 Brummel Drive Buffalo, New York 14207 Elk Grove, Illinois 60007) 699 Rodger Industries, Inc. (10/23/92) P.O. Box 186 64-00 (Formerly 08-17N) Pressure Reducing Blenheim, Ontario and Back Pressure Regulating Valve Canada NOP lAO (Not available in the U.S.A) 782 CASHCO, Inc. (8/31/94) 1007 Rotary Systems Inc. (3/3/99) P.O. Box 6 1036 McKinley Street Ellsworth, Kansas 67439-0006 Anoka, Minnesota 55303 753 Alfa Laval Flow, Inc. (2/1/94) 969 SINMAG FITTING CORPORATION (7/2/98) G & H Division 6F, No. 23, Wu-Chuang 6th Road 8201 - 104th Street, P.O. Box 581909 Wu-Ku Hsiang Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 53158-0909 Taipei Hsien, Taiwan 769 Richards Industries Valve Group (6/6/94) (US Rep.: MarketNet 3170 Wasson Road 2241 Quebec Avenue South Cincinnati, Ohio 45209-2381 St. Louis Park, Minnesota 55426) 334 Stainless Products, Inc. (12/18/80) 65-00 Sight &/or Light Windows & Sight Indications l649-72nd Avenue, Box 169 & Contact with Milk & Milk Products Somers, Wisconsin 53171 849 Jacoby TarBox Division of (9/25/95) 741 Steel & O’Brien Mfg., Inc. (8/26/93) Clark Reliance Corp. 12850 Route 39 16633 Foltz Industrial Parkway Sardinia, New York 14134 Strongsville, Ohio 44136 391 Stork Food & Dairy Systems, Inc. (6/9/83) 867 J. M. Canty, Inc. (2/19/96) P.O. Box 1258 6100 Donner Road 1024 Airport Parkway Lockport, New York 14096 Gainesville, Georgia 30503 929 Darrell A. Beer T/18/97) 449 Tech Controls Enterprise Co., Ltd. (8/2/85) d.b.a. SHAE Industries 3725 N. Murray Road Otis Orchard, Washington 99027 P.O. Box 1268 73R L.C. Thomsen, Inc. (8/31/57) 121 W. North Street 1303-43rd Street Healdsburg, California 95448 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53140 845 L.J. Star Inc. (9/7/95) 34R Tri-Clover, Inc. (10/15/56) P.O. Box 1116 P.O. Box 1413 2201 Pinnacle Parkway Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 Twinsburg. Ohio 44807 987 Trident Stainless Manufacturing Ltd. (10/26/98) 890 Moisture Systems (9/14/96) 4635 Burgoyne Street, Units 17-18 117 South Street Mississuaga, Ontario Hopkinton, Massachusetts 01748 L4W 1V9 Canada 970 SINMAG FITTING CORPORATION (7/2/98) (US Rep.: Steve Byskosh 6F, No. 23, Wu-Chuang 6th Road 500 Berw ick Court Wu-Ku Hsiang Schaumburg, Illinois 60193) Taipei Hsien, Taiwan 1017 United Pacific Distributors Supply, Inc. (4/7/99) (US Rep.: MarketNet 1040 Wallace Place 2241 Quebec Avenue South City of Industry, California 91748 707 Valvinox, Inc., SG RM Div. (1/5/93) St. Louis Park, Minnesota 55426) 650-1st Street 974 Steel and O’Brien Mfg., Inc. (8/7/98) Iberville, Quebec, Canada J2X 3B8 12850 Route 39 (Not available in the USA) Sardinia, New York 14134 304 VNE Corporation (3/16/78) 818 Tri-Clover, Inc. (3/10/95) 1149 Barberry Drive P.O. Box 1413 Janesville, Wisconsin 53547 Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmentol Sanitation 593 68-00 Ball-Type Valves 872 Brookfield Eng. Lab, Inc. (3/28/96) 1032 Bowlswitch USA, Inc. (6/18/99) 11 Commerce Boulevard 6580 Valley Center Drive Middleboro, Massachusetts 02346 Radford, Virginia 24l4l 359 Brooks Instrument Division (6/11/82) 1022 Bradford Castmetals, Inc. (5/6/99) 407 West Vine Street P.O. Box 33 Hatfield, Pennsylvania 19440 Elm Grove, Wisconsin 53122 315 Bums Engineering, Inc. (2/5/79) 898 Fluid Transfer (12/12/96) 10201 Bren Road, East Division of Lee Ind., Inc. Minnetonka, Minnesota 55343 514 W. Pine Street 525 Caldwell Systems Corporation (3/4/88) Philipsburg, Pennsylvania 16866 600 S. Sunset, Unit D 931 LUMACO (7/18/97) Longmont, Colorado 80501 9-11 East Broadway 910 CEMCO Mfg., Inc. (3/7/97) Hackensack, New Jersey 07601 1120 North Peoria Tulsa. Oklahoma 74106-4904 73-00 Shear Mixers, Mixers and Agitators 850 Chicago Stainless Equip. (9/28/95) 1280 S.W. 34th Street 901 Admix, Inc. (1/2/97) Palm City, Florida 34990-3308 234 Abby Road Manchester, New Hampshire 03103-3332 672 Computer Instruments Corp. (4/3/92) 957 Admix, Inc. (3/24/98) 1000 Shames Drive 234 Abby Road Westbury, New York 11590 Manchester, New Hampshire 03103-3332 829 DCT Instmments/Sensotec, Inc. (4/13/95) 2080 Arlingate Lane Columbus, Ohio 43228-4112 74-00 Sensors and Sensor Fittings and Connections 862 Delta Controls Corporation (11/30/95) 32 ABB Instrumentation, Inc. (10/4/56) 585 Fortson Street 125 E. County Line Road Shreveport. Louisiana 71107 Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974 586 Diversey Lever Equipment (12/14/89) 738 ABB Instrumentation, Inc. (6/25/93) 151 Harvey West Boulevard 125 E. County Line Road Santa Cruz, California 95060 Warminster, Pennsylvania 18974 866 DovexS.S., Inc. (1/29/96) 747 Alloy Engineering Co., Inc. (1/11/94) 770 Tower Drive 304 Seaview Avenue Medina, Minnesota 55340 Bridgeport, Connecticut 06607 640 Dresser Industries (7/16/91) 576 Ametek Test and Calibration (10/13/89) Instmment Division Instruments Division 250 East Main Street 8600 Somerset Drive Stratford, Connecticut 06497 Largo, Florida 34643 663 Dresser Industries (12/4/91) 822 Ametek/US Gauge Division (3/17/95) PMT Products Instrument Division 820 Pennsylvania Boulevard 210 Old Gate Lane Feasterville, Pennsylvania 19053 Milford, Connecticut 06460 318 Anderson Instrument Co., Inc. (4/9/79) 405 Drexelbrook Engineering Co. (9/27/83) 156 Auriesville Road 205 Keith Valley Road Fultonville, New York 12072 Horsham, Pennsylvania 19044 428 ARI Industries, Inc. (9/12/84) 861 Dw>'er Instmments, Inc. (11/28/95) 381 ARI Court P.O. Box 373 Addison, Illinois 60101 Michigan City, Indiana 46360 659 Bindicator Company (11/20/91) 977 Elector, Inc. (8/31/98) 1915 Dove Street A subsidiary of ifm electronic Port Huron, Michigan 48060 706 Bindicator Company (12/29/92) 805 Springdale Drive 1915 Dove Street Exton, Pennsylvania 19341 Port Huron, Michigan 48060 763 EG & G Berthold Laboritorium Prof. (4/21/94) 926 BOURDON - SEDEME S.A. (6/18/97) Berthold GmbH & Co. KGCalmbacher Str. 22 125, rue de la Marre D-7547 Bad Wildbad 1, Germany B.P. 214 41103 (US Rep.: E G & G Berthold USA Vendome Cedex 100 Midland Road France Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830) (US Rep.: Rawson & Co., Inc. 936 ENFM-USA, Inc. (8/28/97) P.O. Box 924288 11339 East Distribution Avenue Houston, Texas 77292-4288) Jacksonville, Florida 32256 594 Dairy, food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 1028 Finn and Company, Inc. (6/21/99) 557 Honeywell, Inc. (12/21/88) 7524 W. 98th Place Industrial Controls Div. Bridgeview, Illinois 60455 1100 Virginia Drive 1033 Finn and Company, Inc. (6/21/99) Fort Washington, Pennsylvania 19034 7524 W. 98th Place 832 H.O. Trerice Co. (5/12/95) Bridgeview, Illinois 60455 12950 W. Eight Mile Road 524 Flow Technology', Inc. (1/14/88) Oak Park, Michigan 48237-3288 4250 E. Broadway Road 629 ISE-Magtech (5/20/91) Phoenix, Arizona 85040 907 Bay Star 459 Endress + Hauser, Inc. (10/17/85) Webster, Texas 77598-1531 2350 Endress Place 572 ITT Conoflow (9/25/89) Greenwood, Indiana 46142 P.O. Box 768, Rt. 78 876 Fisher-Rosemount Singapore (5/14/96) St. George, South Carolina 29477 Private Limited 961 KDG Instruments (4/24/98) 1 Pandan Cresent Crompton Way Singapore 0512 Crawley, W. Sussex Republic of Singapore RH102YZ, England (US Rep.; Rosemount, Inc. (Not available in the USA) 12001 Technology Drive 798 Kay-Ray/Sensall, Inc. (10/14/94) Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344) 1400 Business Center Drive 598 FMC Invalco, Inc., (3/22/90) Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 A FMC Corp. Subsidiary' 930 Kamstrup A/S (7/18/97) 2825 W. Washington Process Division Stephenville, Texas 76401 Jacob Knudsens Vej 12 206 The Foxboro Company (8/11/69) DK-8230 Aabyhoj 33 Commercial Street Denmark Foxboro, Massachusetts 02035 (Not available in the USA) 963 CiLI International, Inc. (5/4/98) 945 Kemotron, Inc. (11/25/97) 9020 West Dean Road lOSH) Northchase Parkway, Suite 200 South Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53224 Marietta, Georgia 30067 984 Gamer Industries (10/20/98) 842 Klay Instruments B.V. (8/18/95) 4200 North 48th Street Nijverheidsweg 5 Lincoln, Nebraska 68504 NL 7991 CZ Dwingeloo 592 Claud S. Gordon Co. (2/27/90) The Netherlands 5710 Kenosha Street (Not available in the USA) 396 King Engineering Corp. P.O. Box 500 (6/13/83) P.O. Box 1228 Richmond, Illinois 60071 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 668 GP: 50 New York, Ltd. (3/30/92) 893 Kistler-Morse Corporation (10/31/96) 2770 Long Road 19021-120th Avenue N.E. P.O. Box 1150 Bothell, Washington 98011-9511 Grand Island, New York 14072 285 K Systems Corp. (Tank Mate Division) (12/7/76) 633 Griffith Industrial Products Company (6/21/91) 4391 Butterfield Road P.O. Box 111 Hillside, Illinois 60162 Putnam, Connecticut 06260 620 Larad Equipment (2/25/91) 749 Haenni Cie & AG (1/17/94) 213 Airport Drive Extension c:h-3303 Hopedale, Massachusetts 01747 Jegenstorl, Switzerland 501 Lumenite Control Technology' Inc. (4/27/87) (US Rep.: Haenni Instruments, inc. 2331 N. nth Avenue 1107 Wright Avenue Eranklin Park, Illinois 60131 Gretna, Louisiana 70056) 596 Magnetrol International (3/20/90) 651 HEINRICH KUBLER AG (10/3/91) 5300 Belmont Road Downers Grove, Illinois 60515 CH-6341 Baar 768 MTS Systems Corporation (6/6/94) Switzerland Sensors Division (US Rep.: Granzow, Inc. 3001 Sheldon Drive 2300 Crown Point Executive Drive Cary , North Carolina 27513 (fiarlotte. North Carolina 28227) 906 Mettler-Toledo Process (2/14/97) 794 Honeywell, Inc. (9/14/94) Analytical, Inc. 1100 Virginia Drive 261 Ballardvale Street Fort Washington, Pennsylvania 19034 Wilmington, Massachusetts 01887 AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 595 627 Milltronics, LTD. (4/12/91) 982 Reotemp Instrument Corporation (10/08/98) P.O. Box 4225 11568 Sorrento Valley Road, Suite 10 Peterborough, Ontario San Diego, California 92121-1313 Canada K9J 7B1 495 Rosemount Analytical, Inc. (2/13/87) (US Rep.: Milltronics, Inc. Uniloc Division 709 E. Stadium Drive 2400 Barranca Parkway Arlington, Texas 76011) Irvine, California 92606 1002 MILLTRONICS LTD. (3/3/99) 1013 Rheology Services, Inc. (3/30/99) Nikkelstrand 10 160 Market Street, Suite 7 NL4832 AB Breda, The Netherlands Saddle Rock, New Jrsey 07665 (US Rep.: MILLTRONICS, INC. 328 Rosemount, Inc. (5/22/80) 709 E. Stadium Drive 12001 Technology Drive Arlington, Texas 76011) Eden Prairie, Minnesota 55344 588 Minco Products, Inc. (12/20/89) 732 SensorTec,Inc. (5/18/93) 73(X) Commerce Lane 7620 DiSalle Boulevard Minneapolis, Minnesota 55432 Fort Wayne, Indiana 46825 863 Nelson-Jameson (1/11/96) 784 Sensotec, Inc. (9/2/94) 2400 East 5th Street, P.O. Box 647 2080 Arlington Lane Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449 Columbus, Ohio 43228-4112 597 NUOVA FIMA S.p.A. (3/20/90) 515 Setra Systems, Inc. (9/14/87) Via C. Battisti 59 159 Swanson Road 28045 - INVORIO (NO) Italy Boxborough, Massachusetts 01719 (US Rep.: MDI Industrial Sales LTD. 583 S. J. Controls, Inc. (11/11/89) 9868 - 33rd Avenue 2248 Obispo Avenue #203 Alberta, Canada T6N 1C6) Long Beach, California 90806 (Not available in the USA) 873 Smar Equipamentos (4/2/96) 966 ODEN Corporation (5/27/98) Industriasis Ltda. 255 Great Arrow Avenue 7240 Brittmoore, Suite 118 Buffalo, New’ York 14207 Houston, Texas 77041 909 OHMART/VEGA Corporation (3/4/97) 875 SOR (4/15/96) 4241 Allendorf Drive 14685 W. 105th Street Cincinnati, Ohio 45209-9961 Lenexa, Kansas 66215-5964 983 OHMART/VEGA Corporation (10/10/98) 420 Stork Food & Dairy Systems, Inc. (4/17/84) 4241 Allendorf Drive P.O. Box 1258 Cincinnati, Ohio 45209 1024 Airport Parkway 523 Paper Machine Components, Inc. (1/3/88) Miry Brook Road Gainesville, Georgia 30503 Danbury, Connecticut 06810 896 TBI-Bailey Controls Company (12/3/96) 554 Par Sonics, Inc. (11/30/88) 2175 Lockheed Way R.D. #1 - Box 505 Carson City, Nevada 89706 Centre Hall, Pennsylvania 16828 641 TempressA/S (7/16/91) 563 PI Components Corp. (2/13/89) Nordlandsvej 64-66 1951 Highway 290W DK-8240 Risskor, Denmark Brenham, Texas 77833 (Not available in the USA) 644 Princo Instruments, Inc. (8/22/91) 690 Texas Thermowell, Inc. (8/25/92) 1020 Industrial Highway P.O. Box 1535 Southampton, Pennsylvania 1896()-4095 Hwy. 96 North 815 ProMagPMLTD (2/24/95) Silsbee, Texas 77656 11552 Merchant Drive 765 Tri-Clover, Inc. (4/27/94) Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70809 P.O. Box 1413 1000 pro/M/tec., Inc. (3/3/99) Kenosha, Wisconsin 53141-1413 1201 Braddock Ave., Suite 2 444 Tuchenhagen North America, Inc. (6/17/85) Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15218 9160 Red Branch Road 487 Pyromation, Incorporated (12/16/86) Columbia, Maryland 21045 5211 Industrial Road 196 Western Avenue Fort Wayne, Indiana 46825-5152 Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 54936-1458 367 RDF Corporation (10/2/82) 754 Valmet Automation (7/2/95) 23 Elm Avenue 30 Thomas Drive Hudson, New Hampshire 03051 Westbrook, Maine 04092 596 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 410 Viatran Corporation (11/1/83) 646 WIKA Instrument Corp. (9/10/91) 300 Industrial Drive 1000 Wiegand Boulevard Grand Island, New York 14072 Lawrenceville, Georgia 30243 779 Wahl Instruments, Inc. (8/10/94) 685 Winter’s Thermogauges, Ltd. (8/3/92) 234 Weaverville Highway 121 Railside Road Asherville, North Carolina 28804 Toronto, Ontario 522 Weed Instrument Company, Inc. (12/28/87) Canada M3A1B2 707 Jeffrey Way (US Rep.: Winter’s Ihermogauges, Inc. Round Rock, Texas 78664 6020/3 N. Bailey Avenue 569 WEISS Instruments, Inc. (5/24/89) Buffalo, New York 14226) 85 Bell Street 879 Zurich Industria E (6/3/96) West Babylon, New York 11704 (Mfg. by: Nuova-Fima, Italy) Comercio LTDA 600 Weksler Instruments Corporation (4/27/90) R. Serra da Piedade, 183 250 E. Main Street Sao Paulo - SP - Brazil 03131-080 Stratford, Connecticut 06497 (Not available in the USA) The Following Firms Hove Not Renewed Their 3-A Symbol Authorization and Effective June 30, 1999 are No Longer Authorized to Display the 3-A Symbol 02-09 Pumps for Milk and Milk Products 28-03 Flow Meters for Milk and Milk Products 684 P.C.M. Pompes 755 Liquid Controls 888 Seeberger GmbH (r09 Tuthill Corporation 33-01 Polished Metal Tubing for Dairy Products 05-14 Stainless Steel Automotive Milk 289 Tri Clover and Milk Product Transportation Tanks for Bulk Delivery and/or Form Pick-Up Service 63-01 Sanitary Fittings for Milk and Milk Products 623 Walker Stainless 528 Dayco Products 12-05 Tubular Heat Exchangers for Milk and Milk Products 74-00 Sensors and Sensor Fittings and Connections Used on Fluid Milk & Milk Products Equipment 824 DASI Industries 616 ITT Standard 865 APV Heat Transfer Technologies AUGUST 1999 - Doiry, Food and Environmental Sonifotion 597 Continued from page 604 salads and other pre-cut produce items. Why? We means to identify if the process is under control was need to remember that fresh produce products an appropriate protocol. There is no agreement on need to have these spoilage organisms present. Spoiled what, if any, testing criteria would be appropriate for food has traditionally not been eaten, which has finished product. provided some protection from disease. The spoilage Pre-packaged, pre-cut salads have not been organisms not only render the food inedible but also implicated in a foodborne illness outbreak, which provide competitive inhibition for any pathogens that is probably due to a number of factors. The same might have been present. Historically, these organisms practices that enable these products to appear provided the safety margin for fresh produce so that fresh and inviting serve to prevent the product from unsafe foods were not consumed. There has also been becoming unsafe. The industry has a long history of interest in identifying indicator organisms for fresh training and providing technical assistance to the less informed members of the community. The industry produce. Presence of generic coliforms is not a good is interested in having laboratories educated and indication of the practices used in the production of informed about the facts regarding fruit and vegetable a pre-cut salad or other produce products. Most safety. contaminants are present at such low incidence rates, We all need to remember that the benefit of that sampling programs that would provide statistically eating a diet high in fruits and vegetables outweighs valid information would be cost prohibitive and the risk of foodborne illness. The consumer and the certainly would not provide a meaningful reduction media are in need of sound science and reasonable of risk. The National Advisory Committee on iMicro- information from the scientific community; these are biological Criteria for Foods in its review of produce confusing times, we don’t need to contribute to the safety did indicate that the use of total plate count as a confusion. Temporary Set-Ups /a\ pumps Need SNEEZEGUARDS Too! Z/3\\ lor SANITARY APPLICATIONS FOOD • DAIRY • BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL • DRUG At Sneezeguard Solutions we have systems that • Patented Valveless Design handle virtually any sneezeguard need. Situations where sneezeguards are necessary but often • Flow Rates Variable - /l/I to 4,600 ml/min overlooked and not used include: • 12 Models - AC, DC, Explo-Proof, Variable, • Banquet Buffets • Continental Breakfasts Pneumatic, No Motor • Happy Hour, Sunday Brunch and Lunch Buffets • Public Trade Shows and Sample Give-Away Stations • Pressures up to 100 psig • Liquids or Gases at Grocery Stores and Wholesale Clubs. • 1 % Accuracy • Corrosion Resistant We feature Folding Portable Sneezeguard Systems, • Delivery from STOCK Transport and Storage Accessories, and Stationary Sneezeguard Systems (permanently mounted). Call Toll Free Facilities that routinely offer temporary buffets SHOULD (888) FMI-PUMP • (888-364-7867) have the proper equipment on property to adequately pro¬ ® tect their self-service food offerings. (3 FLUID METERING, INC. 5 AERIAL WAY, SUITE 500, SYOSSET, NY 11791 ^ (516) 922.6050 • FAX (516) 624.6261 • )mp://www.finlpunip.coin Reader Service No. 128 Reader Service No. 122 598 Doiry, Food ond Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 ComingEvents SEPTEMBER additional information, contact Dr. • 22, New York State Associa¬ Leon Gorris, Unilever Research tion of Milk and Food Sanitar¬ • 1, Management of Dairy Laboratorium Vlaardingen, Postbus ians Affiliate Meeting, at the Food Safety, University of Wis- 114,3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Neth¬ Rochester Marriott Throughway consin-Madison, Madison, WI. erlands, Phone: 31 10 4605709; Fax: Hotel in Rochester, NY. For further This workshop will address why we 31 10 4605188; E-mail: leon.gorris® information, contact Janene Lucia at keep plants clean, how we keep unilever.com. 607.255.2892. plants clean, and what to do if a sani¬ • 14, International Seminar • 22-24, Washington Milk and tation problem occurs in your plant, on Organic Dairy Products, in Food Sanitarians Association Af¬ including recall programs and legal association with the 83rd IDF filiate Meeting, West Coast ramifications. For additional infor¬ Annual Sessions, Athens, Greece. Wenatchee Center Hotel in mation, contact Mary Thompson, For additional information, contact Wenatchee, WA. For further informa¬ Wisconsin Center for Dairy Re¬ National Dairy Committee of Greece, tion, contact William Brewer at search, 1605 Linden Dr., Babcock lera Odos 75 -118 55 Athens, Greece; 206.363.5411; E-mail: billbrewerl® Hall, Room 241, Madison, Wl 53706; Phone: 30 1 5294651; Fax: 30 1 juno.com. Phone: 608.262.2217; Fax: 608.262. 5294616. •23-24, Wisconsin Associa¬ 1578; Web site: www.cdr.wisc.edu. • 14-18,83rd IDF Annual Ses¬ tion of Milk and Food Sanitar¬ • 9-10,36th Annual Marschall sions, Divani Caravel Hotel, Athens, ians Affiliate Meeting. For further Cheese Seminar, Santa Clara Greece. For additional information, information, contact Randy Daggs Convention Center. Co-sponsored contact National Dairy Committee at 608.266.9376. by the California Dairy Research of Greece, lera Odos 75 -118 55 Ath¬ Foundation (CDRF) and Rhodia Inc. ens, Greece; Phone: 30 1 5294651; For more information, contact Jo OCTOBER Fax: 30 1 5294616. Ann Sterenberg at 219.264.2557. •4-8, Aseptic Better Process •12-15, Food Quality ’99 •15-16, VDIA 78th Annual Control Certification School and Conference and F^po, San Fran¬ Fall Conference, at the Hampton Aseptic Symposium, North Caro¬ cisco Marriott, San Francisco, CA. inn and Conference Center in lina State LJniversity, Raleigh, NC. For For additional information, visit Colchester, VT. Co-sponsored by the further information, contact Ms. Lisa www.foodquality.com or phone: VT Dairy Industry Association and Gordon at 919.515.2956; Fax: 919- 215.860.7800, ext. 10. the VT Feed Dealers Association. For 515.7124; E-mail: lisa_gordon@ncsu. • 13-15, A Basic Concept for further information, contact Diane Food Protection Conference, Ar¬ Bothfeld at 802.524.6581. edu. lington, TX, sponsored by the Food • 16-18, Lead Auditor Training • 6-7, Associated Illinois Milk, Processors Institute. For further in¬ Seminar, Embassy Suites, St. Louis, Food & Environmental Sanitar¬ formation, contact The Food Proces¬ MO. For further information, contact ians Annual Meeting at Pere sors Institute, 1350 I Street, N.W, Christine VerPlank or Shelia Brewer, Marquette Hotel in Peoria, IL. For Suite 300, Washington, D.C. 20005- ASI Food Safety Consultants, 7625 additional information, contact Lee 3305; Phone: 202.393-0890; Fax: Page Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63133; Dressel at 618.654.3438. 202.639.5941. Phone: 800.477.0778; Fax: 314.727. • 6-7, low'a Association of Milk, Food and Environmental • 13-17, Food Micro 99, Veld 2563. hoven - The Netherlands, co-spon¬ • 19-24, The International Inst¬ Sanitarians, Inc., Affiliate Meet¬ sored by lAMFES. Food Micro 99 itute of Refrigeration (IIR) 20th ing. For further information, con¬ is primarily for individuals working International Congress of Refrig¬ tact Monica Streicher at 319.933. in food microbiological research eration, Sydney, Australia. For fur¬ 4521. and those who are studying food ther information, contact ICR99 •28-31, Worldwide Food microbiology as well as for profes¬ Secretariat, 52 Rosslyn St., West Mel¬ Expo ‘99, McCormick Place, Chi¬ sionals responsible for the produc¬ bourne Vic 3003 Australia; Phone: 61 cago, IL. Register today and see new tion of (safe) food and authorities in¬ 3 9328 2399; Fax: 61 3 9328 4116; products, make new contacts, and volved in safe food regulation. For Web site: www.airah.org.au/icr99. get the information you need to AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion 599 ComingEvenIs, continued operate faster. For additional infor¬ cleaning and sanitation, pasteurization, • 10-12, FAMFES Annual Re¬ mation, contact Worldwide Food milk flavor, and other operational treat, held at the Florida Leadership Expo‘99,2751 Prosperity Ave., Suite procedures in milk plants. For more Training Center, Haines City, FL. For 100, Fairfax, VA 22031 or Phone information. Phone: 814.865.8301; further information, contact Bill 703.645.9302; Fax: 703-876.2637; Fax: 814.865.7050; Web site: www. Thornhill at 914.298.7748. Web site: www.worldwidefood.com. cas.psu.edu. •21-23, International Con¬ • 8-9, The International Fresh- ference on Processed Food for NOVEMBER cut Produce Association (IFPA) 21st Century, Jadavpur University, Hosts 7th Annual Technical Semi¬ Calcutta India. For additional infor¬ • 1-3, Pasteurizer Operators nar, Holiday Inn Old Town Select in mation, please contact Dr. Pratap Workshop, endorsed by Interna¬ Alexandria, VA. This event will focus Chakraborty, Head of the Depart¬ tional Dairy Foods Association at the on “Global Food Safety Issues,” and ment and Convener, Jadavpur Uni¬ Nittany Lion and Borland Laboratory, their impact on the fresh-cut versity, Dept. Food Technol. University Park, PA. The program produce sector. For more informa¬ Biochem. Eng., Calcutta 700032; includes hands-on activities, discus¬ tion, contact Justina Brewer at 703. Fax: 91 33 472 5822 or 473 4266; sions and lectures on regulations. 299.6282. E-mail: [email protected]. (U ^ x> ^ 100 115 130 145 161 175 190 205 220 235 250 265 280 295 310 325 340 E -d 101 116 131 146 162 176 191 206 221 236 251 266 281 296 311 326 341 b E a 102 117 132 147 163 177 192 207 222 237 252 267 282 297 312 327 342 c 22 103 118 133 148 164 178 193 208 223 238 253 268 283 298 313 328 343 O Ic 104 119 134 149 165 179 194 209 224 239 254 269 284 299 314 329 344 C O C 105 120 135 150 166 180 195 210 225 240 255 270 285 300 315 330 345 •c o 106 121 136 151 167 181 196 211 226 241 256 271 286 301 316 331 346 I 8 107 122 137 152 168 182 197 212 227 242 257 272 287 302 317 332 347 u — 108 123 138 153 169 183 198 213 228 243 258 273 288 303 318 333 348 124 C 0.) 109 139 154 170 184 199 214 229 244 259 274 289 304 319 334 349 110 125 140 155 171 185 200 'Z y 215 230 245 260 275 290 305 320 335 350 o •- 111 126 141 156 172 186 201 216 231 246 261 276 291 306 321 336 u- U 112 127 142 157 172 187 202 217 232 247 262 277 292 307 322 337 113 128 143 158 173 188 203 218 233 248 263 278 293 308 323 338 114 129 144 160 174 189 204 219 234 249 264 279 294 309 324 339 600 Doiry, Food ond Environmentol Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc. 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863, USA Phone: 800.369.6337 • 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276.8655 E-mail: [email protected]: Web site: www.iamfes.org The use of the lAMFES Audiovisual Library is a benefit for lAMFES Members. Please limit your requests to five videos. Material from the Audiovisual Library can be checked out for 2 weeks only so that all Members can benefit from its use. (SHIP TO: Please print or type.) First Name M.l. Last Name Job Title Company Mailing Address - - _ (Please specify: 3 Home 3 Work) Member ID No. City State or Province Postal Code/Zip -i- 4 Country Telephone # Fax # E-mail _ Date Needed lAMFES PLEASE CHECK THE APPROPRIATE BOX MEMBERS ONLY lAMFES AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARY DAIRY 71 E3170 The New Superfund: What It is 3 F2165 FLACCP and Its Application to the Food ”1 D1170 3-A Symbol Council & How It Works—(1) Changes in the Industiy- :"1 01180 10 Points to Dairy Quality Remedial Process: Clean-up Standards 3 F2180 HACCP: Safe Food Handling “I DIOIO The Bulk Milk Hauler: Protocol & State InvoKement Requirements Techniques 71 F2170 The Heart of HACCP & Procedures 3 E318() The New Superfund: What It is 71 F21"’5 Inspecting For Food Safety- "I 01020 Causes of Milkfat Test Variations & How It Works-(2) Changes in Kentucky 's Food Code & Depressions the Removal Process: Removal & 1 F2190 Is What You Order VtTiat You Get? 3 01030 Cold Hard Facts Additional Program Requirements Seafood Integrity Li 01040 Kther Extraction Method for 71 E3190 The New Superfund: What It is & How It Works — (3) Enforcement "1 F2210 Northern Delight - From Canada Determination of Raw .Milk to the World 3 01050 The Farm Bulk Milk Hauler and Federal Facilities 3 E3210 The New Superfund: What It is 71 F2240 On the Front Line 3 01060 Frozen Dair>’ Products 71 F2250 On the Line & How It Works - (4) Emergency 3 01070 The Gerber Butterfat Test 71 F2270 Pest Control in Seafood Processing Preparedness & Community 71 01080 High-Temperature, Short-Time Plants Right-to-Know Pasteurizer "1 F2280 Principles of Warehouse Sanitation 3 E3220 The New Superfund: What It is 3 Dll(K) Mastitis Prevention and Control 3 F2290 Product Safety & Shelf Life & How It Works — (5) Underground 3 OHIO .Milk Plant Sanitation: Chemical 3 F2220 Proper Handling of Peracidic Acid Storage Tank Trust Fund & Resptonse Solution 3 F2230E Purely Coincidental - English Program “I 01120 .Milk Processing Plant Inspection 71 F2310 Safe Food: You Can .Make a Ditference 71 E3230 The New Superfund: What It is Procedures 71 F2320 Safe Handwashing & How It Works - (6) Research 3 01130 Pasteurizer - Design and Regulation 71 F2330 Sanitation for Seafood Prtxressing & Development/CIosing Remarks 3 01140 Pasteurizer - Operation Personnel 3 E3240 Sink a Germ 71 01150 Proce.ssing Fluid Milk 3 F2340 Sanitizing for Safety 71 E3250 Waste Not: Reducing Hazardous Wa.ste 3 F2350 SERVSAFE* Serving Safe Food ENVIRONMENTAL FOOD (4 Videos) 71 E3010 The ABCs of Clean-A Hand¬ :") F226() 100 Degrees of Doom...The Time 71 F2360 SERVSAFE* Serving Safe Food washing & Cleanliness Program & Temperature Caper Second Edition (6 Videos) 3 F2430 Smart Sanitation: Principles & for Early C:hildhood Programs 71 F2440 Cleaning & Sanitizing in Vegetable 3 E3020 Acceptable Risks? Processing Plants: Do It Well. Practices for Effectively Cleaning 71 E3030 Air Pollution: Indoor Do It Safely! Your Ftxxl Plant 1 E3040 Asbestos Awareness ."1 F2010 Close Encounters of the Bird Kind 3 F23''0 Supermarket Sanitation Program - "1 E3050 Down in the Dumps 3 F2020 Egg Handling & Safety "Cleaning & Sanitizing” 3 E3060 EPA Test Methods for Freshwater 71 F2040 Food Irradiation ."1 F2380 Supermarket Sanitation Program - Effluent Toxicity Tests (Using 3 F2050 Food Safe - Food Smart - HACCP “Food Safety” Ceriodaphnia) & Its Application to the Food 3 F2390 Take Aim at Sanitation 71 E3070 EPA Test Methods for Freshwater Industry (Part 1&2) 71 F2410 Wide World of Food-Service Brashes Effluent Toxicity Tests (Using "1 F20(t0 Food Safe - Series I (4 Videos) 71 F242() Your Health in Our Hands - Fathead Minnow Larva) 3 F2070 Food Safe - Series II (4 Videos) Our Health in Yours 3 E3080 Fit to Drink 71 F2080 Food Safe - Series Ill (4 Videos) 3 E3090 Food-Service Disposables: Should ”1 F2090 Food Safety: An Educational Video OTHER 1 Feel Guilty? for Institutional Ftxxl-Service W'orkers 3 .M4010 Diet, Nutrition & Cancer 3 E3110 Garbage: The Movie 3 F2120 Food Safety: For Goodness Sake, 3 .M4020 Eating Defensively: Ftxxl Safety 71 E3120 Global Warming: Hot Times Ahead Keep Food Safe Advice for Persons with AIDS 71 F2110 Food Safety is No Mystery 71 E3130 Kentucky Public Swimming Pool 71 .M4030 Ice: The Ftrrgotten Ftxxl 71 F2130 Ftxxl Safets : You Make the Ditference & Bathing Facilities "I .M4040 Legal Aspects of the Tampering Case 1 F2140 GMP: Basics — Employee Hygiene 71 E3135 Plastic Recycling Today: A Growing 71 .M4050 Personal Hygiene & Sanitation Practices for Ftxxl Processing Employees Resource n F2150 GMP: Personal Hygiene and Practices 71 M4(Ki() Psychiatric Aspects of Prtxluct □ E3140 Putting A.side Pesticides in Ftxxl Manufacturing n E313() Radon *1 F21(i0 GMP: Sources & Control of Tampering 71 E31(»0 RCRA - Hazardous W'aste Contamination during Proces,sing 71 M4070 Tampering: The Issue Examined AUGUST 1999 - Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation 601 International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc. 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W Des Moines, Iowa 50322-2863, USA Phone: 800.369.6337 • 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276.8655 E-mail: [email protected]; Web site: www.iamfes.org SHIP TO: (Please print or type. All areas must be completed in order to process.) First Name_ M.l. Last Name Job Title ^ _ Company _ Mailing Address_ (Please specify: ~f Home 3 Work) City_ State or Province Postal Code/Zip + 4 Country_ Telephone#_ Fax #_ E-mail_ lAMFES BOOKLETS Member or Non-Member Quantity Description Gov't. Price Price TOTAL Procedures to Investigate Waterborne Illness—2nd Edition $10.00 $20.00 Procedures to Investigate Foodbome Illness—5th Edition 10.00 20.00 PrMedures to Investigate Arthropod-borne and Rodent-borne Illness 6.00 12.00 SNIPPING AND HANDLING - $2.00 (US) $4.00 (Outside US) Multiple copies available Shipping/Handling Each additional booklet $1.00 at reduced prices. Booklets Total Phone our office for pricing information on quantities of 25 or more. OTHER PUBLICATIONS Member or Non-Member Quantity Description Gov't. Price Price TOTAL Pocket Guide to Dairy Sanitation (minimum order of 10) $ .50 $ .75 Before Disaster Strikes...A Guide to Food Safety in the Home (minimum order of 10) .50 .75 ■Developing HACCP Plans - A Five-Part Series (as published in DFES) 15.00 15.00 ■Surveillance of Foodbome Disease - A Four-Part Series (as published in JFP) 18.75 18.75 ■Annual Meetino Abstract Book Suoolement (vear reouested ) 25.00 25.00 SHIPPING AND HANDLING - Guide Booklets - per 10 $2.50 (US) $3.50 (Outside US) Shipping/Handling ■Includes shipping and handling Other Publications Total 3-A SANITARY STANDARDS Member or Non-Member Quantity Description Gov't. Price Price TOTAL Complete Set 3-A Dairy & Egg Standards $125.00 $250.00 Five-year Update Service on 3-A Dairy & Egg Standards (new and revised standards only) 165.00 330.00 SHIPPING AND HANDLING - Each set $6.25 (US) $10.25 (Outside US) Shipping/Handling | 3-A Sanitary Standards Total j Payment Must be Enclosed for Order to be Processed TOTAL ORDER AMOUNT I * US Funds on US Bank it □ CHECK OR MONEY ORDER ENCLOSED □ □ □ I €r 3 EASY WAYS TO ORDER: Phone: 515.276.3344; 800.369.6337 Fax: 515.276.8655 Exp. Dale _ or Mail your order to the lAMFES address listed above. SIGNATURE. Prices effective through August 31, 2000 602 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sonitotion - AUGUST 1999 MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians, Inc. 6200 Aurora Avenue, Suite 200W Des Moines, lA 50322-2863, USA Phone: 800.369.6337 • 515.276.3344; Fax: 515.276.8655 E-mail: [email protected]: Web site: www.iamfes.org MEMBERSHIP DATA: Prefix (□ Prof. □ Dr. □ Mr. G Ms.) First Name M.l. I a.«;t Name Comoanv Job Title Mailino Address (Please specify: 3 Home 3 Work) City State or Province Postal Code/Zip + 4 Country Teleohone # Fax # E-mail Canada/ MEMBERSHIP CATEGORIES: US Mexico International □ Membership with JFP & DFES ^ BEST $140.00 $165.00 $210.00 ^ VALUE (12 issues of the Journal of Food Protection and Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation) □ Membership with DFES $85.00 $95.00 $110.00 (12 issues of Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation) □ Sustaining Membership $525.00 $525.00 $525.00 (Includes advertising and exhibit discounts and more! Contact the lAMFES office for additional benefits) ^Student Membership □ JFP and DFES $70.00 $95.00 $140.00 □ Journal of Food Protection $42.50 $57.50 $87.50 □ Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation $42.50 $52.50 $67.50 *Full-time student verification must accompany this form All Prices Include Shipping & Handling TOTAL MEMBERSHIP PAYMENT: $_ US FUNDS on US BANK Payment Options: (Prices effective through August 31,2000) □ Check Enclosed H H ^ \ Card # Exp. Date Signature DO NOT USE THIS FORM FOR RENEWALS AUGUST ] 999 - Dairy, Food ond Environmental Sanitation 603 THOUGHTS on Today’s Food Safety... Understanding ries themselves. As we all know not all laboratories are experienced in all types of analysis. Some of the Produce Safety reporters took the products to medical testing labora¬ tories with no experience in food analysis and data Nancy E. Nagle, Ph.D. interpretation. Imagine what a medical lab would think Nagle Resources about total plates counts of 10^ or 10\ Other samples Pleasanton, California were taken to laboratories experienced in traditional processed food products that also misinterpreted the results of their tests. Processed products usually have a kill step, and the presence of high levels of total plate uestions regarding produce safety have count and indicator organisms, such as coliforms is Q been raised in the technical community evidence that there was a breakdown of the process. as well as in the popular press. The The breakdown could be in the actual process itself lAMFES Annual Meeting has a session or post-process recontamination resulting from expo¬ titled “Fruits and Vegetables: Are They sure to unprocessed product, poor employee hygiene Safe Enough?” Compare this to the National Cancer or a facility problem. This is not necessarily the case Institute’s “Five-a-Day” message to increase our for fresh produce. The organisms typically found on consumption of fruits and vegetables and you can produce such as Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella spp. understand that there is some confusion among show up as coliforms in the general screening tests consumers. used at these laboratories, but their presence does not The general term “produce” has been used to re¬ indicate fecal contamination and therefore an in¬ fer to a category of products, which is really a very creased risk of illness. broad group of food items. Unlike meat, which is pre¬ Lack of context can be responsible for some rather dominantly muscle tissue, produce can be any part of inflammatory comments. One example that took place a plant, stem, root, fruit, leaf, bud, etc. and it can even during this period was the on-camera statement by a be a fungus. The differences in physiology and chemi¬ laboratory scientist confronted with data showing sev¬ cal composition are striking and this makes it almost eral thousand generic coliforms per gram in pre-pack¬ impossible to generalize about produce. Technology aged salad. The scientists said that “one would be bet¬ has enabled us to have fresh produce available on a ter off eating raw ground beef than consuming this year-round basis and in various convenient forms. Prod¬ product.” Not only was this statement completely uct risk assessments must take into account the unique untrue, it was, in fact, dangerous. If someone had taken combinations of composition and physical character¬ them up on this and eaten raw ground beef and be¬ istics as well as growing and harvesting practices, come ill, who would be responsible? The need for packing, cooling and storage conditions. Add mini¬ education of laboratory personnel regarding these mal processing and modified atmosphere packaging types of products was addressed by the International and it becomes obvious that there is no such thing as Fresh-cut Produce Association GFPA) who sent out over “produce”. 300 fact sheets about fresh produce products to labo¬ There have been stories in the media on the risks ratories around the country. The three largest pre-cut of various products, some justified and others not. An salad companies worked together to generate infor¬ especially troubling group of stories was the eighteen- mation to be shared about this type of product. They month attack on the pre-cut salad industry by televi¬ reviewed the situation with prominent academic ex¬ sion stations around the country. This relatively new perts who confirmed that this was a “non-issue”. They category of products has been at retail for just about held press briefings and developed a media kit for use ten years. The media stories typically involved the in responding to reporters’ inquiries regarding this reporter buying a number of packages of pre-cut issue. My real concern about this is the time and money salads at the grocery store, taking them to a lab¬ spent on this effort could have been used to identify oratory for analysis and then doing a story on the real areas of risk. It was a drain of scientific effort. “scary” things that were found in the salad. The Now there have been suggestions that standard problem was actually compounded by the laborato¬ levels of microorganisms be set for pre-packaged Continued on page 598 604 Dairy, Food and Environmental Sanitation - AUGUST 1999 University Microfilms International reproduces this publication in microform: micro¬ fiche and 16mm or 35mm film. For information about this publication or any of the more than 13,000 titles we offer, complete and mail the coupon to: University Microfilms International, Jlease send informatkn about these titles: 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Call us toll-free for an immediate response: 800-521-3044. Or call collect in Michigan. Alaska and Hawaii: 313-761-4700. Name University Company^Institution. Microfilms Address International Phone 1 Come see the world in October. OCTOBER 28-31,1999 McCORMICK PLACE CHICAGO, IL USA The largest food technology event of 1999! Solutions you need to face the future! * 1,200 exhibitors; a million square feet of space * 50 educational sessions * 35,000 industry leaders; more than 150 countries Sponsored by Q1TI1 NFPA American Meat International Association International Dairy National Fisheries National Food Processors Institute (AMI) of Food Industry Foods Association (lOFA) Institute (NFI) Association (NFPA) Suppliers (lAFIS) Register Early! For information or to register visit www.worldwidefoocl.com Have information faxed to you immediately: 703-645-9302