Environmental Management Plans

Project Number: 41435-013: TSSD- ADF (Loan 3570/8331 and Grant 0542)

December 2020

Cambodia: Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project - Additional Financing

For 8 Irrigation Subprojects: 1-The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject (TSSD-AF-BMC-NCB-W/IR025-NCDDS) 2-The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Canal Subproject (TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB- W/IR011-NCDDS) 3-The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Canal subproject (TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/IR038- NCDDS) 4-The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of -Rung Chrey Canal Subproject (TSSD-AF-BTB- NCB-W/IR039-NCDDS) 5-The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject (TSSD-AF-BTB-NCB-W/IR040- NCDDS) 6-The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject (TSSD-AF-KPC-NCB- W/IR012-NCDDS) 7-The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject (TSSD-AF-KPT-NCB-W/RR047- NCDDS) 8-The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject (TSSD-AF-SRP-NCB- W/IR020-NCDDS)

Prepared by PIC of NCDD and MAFF for the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction – Additional Fund for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. KINGDOM OF Nation Religion King 

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK ADB Loan No. 3570/8331 and Grant No. 0542-CAM

CAMBODIA: TONLE SAP POVERTY REDUCTION AND SMALLHOLDER DEVELOPMENT PROJECT – ADDITIONAL FINANCING

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) FOR IRRIGATION SUBPROJECTS Covering 8 Irrigation Subprojects:

1-The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject 2-The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Canal Subproject 3-The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal subproject 4-The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject 5-The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject 6-The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject 7-The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject 8-The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject

Phnom Penh, December 2020 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of November, 2020)

Currency unit – Cambodian Riel (KR) KR1.00 = $0.000244 $1.00 = KR4,099

Abbreviation ADB – Asian Development Bank AF – additional financing CARD – Council for Agriculture and Rural Development CCAM – Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model CDP – commune development plan CDRA – climate and disaster risk assessment CSIRO – Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization DRR – disaster risk reduction DSC – Design and Supervision Contractor EARF – Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EHS – Environmental, Health and Safety EIA – environmental impact assessment ESO – Environmental Safeguards Officer (National) EMP – environmental management plan GHG – greenhouse gas GRM – grievance redress mechanism ICT – Information and Communication Technology IEE – Initial Environmental Examination IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPM – Integrated Pest Management IWR – Irrigation Water Requirement ESCC – Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (of the PIC) LIG – livelihood improvement group MAFF – Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fisheries MOE – Ministry of Environment MOWRAM – Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology NCDDS – National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development Secretariat PPTA – project preparatory technical assistance PRC – procurement review committee – PST – provincial support team RCP – Representative Concentration Pathway SRES – Special Report on Emission Scenarios SSP – special service provider TSSD – Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development US EPA – United States Environmental Protection Agency

ii Contents Contents...... iii List of Tables ...... iii List of Figures ...... iv List of Appendices ...... iv A. Introduction ...... 5 B. Responsibilities for Implementation ...... 5 C. Summary of Potential Impacts ...... 8 C1. Brief Description of Project ...... 8 1. The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject, Banteay Meanchey Province ...... 8 2. The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject, Province ...... 11 3. The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal subproject ...... 14 4. The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject, Battambang ...... 18 5. The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject ...... 20 6. The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject ...... 23 7. The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject ...... 26 8. The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject ...... 29 C2. Summary of Environmental Impacts ...... 32 C3. Mitigation Measures ...... 38 C4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COSTS ...... 51 D. Environmental Monitoring ...... 51 D1. Monitoring Management ...... 51 D2. Environmental Monitoring Reports ...... 57 D3. Training Program ...... 57 E. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 58 E1. GRM Objectives ...... 58 E2. GRM System ...... 59 1. Access to Mechanism ...... 59 2. GRM Steps and Timeframe ...... 60

List of Tables Table 1: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible ...... 5 Table 2: Assessment Areas of the Irrigation Rehabilitation Subproject ...... 32 Table 3: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...... 39 Table 4: Summary of Environmental Budget for Implementing Mitigation Measure and Monitoring ...... 51 Table 5: Project Readiness Assessment Indicators ...... 52 Table 6: EMP Compliance Monitoring ...... 52 Table 7: List of Participants in Public Consultation Meeting ...... 56 Table 8: Reporting Requirements ...... 57 Table 9: Capacity Building and Training Requirements ...... 58 Table 10: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject ...... 63

iii Table 11: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Canal Subproject ...... 64 Table 12: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal subproject ...... 65 Table 13: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject ...... 65 Table 14: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject ...... 66 Table 15: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject ...... 66 Table 16: Grievance Redress Committees for Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject ...... 67 Table 17: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject ...... 68

List of Figures Figure 1: Location of Phnom Dei – Speang Sreng Dam and Canal Rehabilitation Subproject ... 9 Figure 2: Typical Cross Section of Phnom Dei – Speang Sreng Dam and Canal Rehabilitation Subproject ...... 11 Figure 3: Location of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject ...... 12 Figure 48: Typical Cross Section of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject ...... 14 Figure 5: Location of Prey Touch Canal subproject ...... 16 Figure 6: Typical Cross Section of Prey Touch Canal subproject ...... 17 Figure 7: Location of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject ...... 19 Figure 8: Typical Cross Section of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject ...... 20 Figure 9: Location of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject ...... 21 Figure 10: Typical Cross Section of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject ...... 23 Figure 11: Location of Sampong Chey Canal subproject ...... 24 Figure 12: Typical Cross Section of Sampong Chey Canal subproject ...... 26 Figure 13: Location of Construction of Kraya lined Canal subproject ...... 27 Figure 14: Typical Cross Section of Kraya lined Canal subproject ...... 29 Figure 15: Location of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject ...... 30 Figure 16: Typical Cross Section of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject ...... 32 Figure 17: Sensitive Receptors at Irrigation Subproject ...... 35 Figure 18: GRM System ...... 62

List of Appendices Appendix 1: Consultation/Interview Form during Construction Phase ...... 69 Appendix 2: GRM – Complaint Recording Form ...... 73

iv A. Introduction 1. The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) covers all phases of core sub-project implementation from preparation through commissioning and operation, and it aims to ensure the monitoring of environmental impacts and activation of environmental mitigation measures. Relevant parts of the EMP will be incorporated into the construction, operation, and management of each sub-project. Environmental protection measures will (i) avoid, and (ii) where avoidance is not possible, mitigate environmental impacts, and (iii) achieve compliance with national environmental regulations and ADB Safeguard Policy Statement 2009. 2. Environmental Monitoring Programs will be carried out and the results will be used to evaluate the extent and severity of actual environmental impacts against the predicted impacts and the performance of the environmental protection measures. B. Responsibilities for Implementation 3. The Royal Government of Cambodia will apply an Asian Development Bank (ADB) loan to implement the Additional Financing (AF) to the Tonle Sap Poverty Reduction and Smallholder Development Project (TSSD). Loan proceeds will fund a series of infrastructure sub-projects, each one of which will require an environmental impact assessment which complies with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009) and government regulations. There are two executing agencies; Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) and National Committee for Democratic Development Secretariat (NCDDS). NCDDS will be a key implementing agency for Output 1 while MAFF will be a key implementing agency for Output 2 and both of them will be a key implementing agency for Output 3. Table 1: Institutional Arrangements and Responsible Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities Management (i) Oversight body The Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD)  In cooperation with the executing agencies, organize the biannual PSC meetings as a part of the regular CARD meetings.  Conduct regular reviews of project implementation progress and assist in resolving policy issues related to the project implementation at ministerial level (ii) Executing agencies 2 (two) executing agencies; MAFF and NCDDS. Ensure successful implementation of the project in accordance with the loan and grant agreements. In term of environmental aspect, the two executive agencies will shared responsibility for the following task:  Ensure compliance with covenants and other obligations in the loan and grant agreements.  Oversee the implementation of and compliance with the environmental review and assessment framework, initial environmental examinations and environmental management plans (where required), indigenous peoples planning framework, and indigenous peoples plans (where required).  Submit the due diligence reports for non-infrastructure activities, and the preliminary studies and feasibility studies (where applicable) for infrastructure subprojects to ADB for review and approval.  Submit semi-annual independent safeguard monitoring reports to ADB (iii) Key implementing NCDDS is responsible for Output 1, MAFF is responsible for Output 2. agencies The implementing agency will designate a staff member to be the project environment safeguard officer (ESO). Provincial Level (iv) Provincial Support Team A PST will be established in each project province, incorporating (PST) provincial staff of the implementing agency ministries. PST responsible

5 Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities are:  Support five provincial counterpart staff as follows: (i) a provincial deputy governor to be responsible overall, (ii) a contract/finance administration officer who also serves as a facilitator, (iii) an agriculture coordinator, (iv) an agriculture marketing and ICT support officer, and (v) a gender focal point seconded from the departments of agriculture, and women’s affairs.  Plan and manage the assigned functions consistent with decentralization, all project implementation guidelines and the project administration manual (PAM).  Ensure that the procedures in planning at the commune level are correctly followed to ensure that the selected subprojects respond to the priorities of the target communes and the project impact.  Supervise and support the activities of the commune councils in respect of rural infrastructure subprojects and livelihood improvement activities.  Facilitate the support of provincial line departments in providing Technical Clearance of rural infrastructure subprojects and in supervising and monitoring the construction and impact of the subprojects.  Provide capacity building training and mentoring for the district and commune staff.  Monitor the progress of implementation at district and commune level and assist in the resolution of problems and constraints.  Ensure timely reporting to the NCDDS and MAFF in terms physical and financial progress of the project activities at the sub-national level.  Provide regular updates of the NCDDS on-line database for all commune level activities.  Facilitate the participation of the commune staff in the formulation of the annual work plans and budget.  Ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and in particular, the road designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Rural Development, and the irrigation designs are approved by the Provincial Department of Water Resources and Meteorology.  Coordinate capacity building training and mentoring for DST members to facilitate support to LIGs, MIGs, and other groups.

Commune Level (iv) Project Implementation  Commune councils will implement infrastructure subprojects – units – Commune Councils contracting and supervising construction contractors and owning and (CC) operating the finished facilities.  Recruit one commune mobile access worker (CMAW) in each commune to support project implementation.  Manage the variable block grant commune development funds (CDFs) to support rural infrastructure subprojects, livelihood improvement activities and commune administration costs.  Identify appropriate rural infrastructure subprojects that enhance agricultural productivity in the project target villages for inclusion in the annual Commune Investment Plan.  Procure works or services as per Commune/Sangkat PIM and/or instruction from NCDDS. Participate in provincial PRC as a member to procure works for their commune when the total subproject cost

6 Aspects Management Roles and Responsibilities beyond the threshold of the commune councils to procure through PIM.  Award and manage contracts and monitor works construction under their responsibility  Open and operate bank accounts at a commercial bank, as per official request from the National Committee for Disaster Management Secretariat/MEF to receive funding from the project.  Submit monthly physical and financial progress reports to the PST through district support team (DST).  Contract and manage external service providers to provide technical training and demonstrations to the members of the LIGs to support their livelihood improvement activities.

4. The subproject civil works for irrigation will be included in commune development plans (CDP), confirming community interest and funds to contractors will be paid by relevant commune councils. 5. Final design for subproject, support in bid preparation, and construction supervision will be undertaken by a Design and Supervision Consultants (D&S Consultant) and selected by a procurement review committee (PRC) composed of representatives from the implementing agencies. 6. A provincial support team (PST) will be established for each province. The PSTs will ensure that all subproject designs are technically cleared by relevant provincial technical departments and, in particular, that road designs are approved at provincial level by the provincial department of rural development, and that irrigation designs are approved by the provincial departments of water resources and meteorology. 7. The D&S Consultant will support CC and PST to prepare tender and contract construction documents. The commune councils will therefore act as the project implementation units for the infrastructure outputs. The commune councils will remain the project owners and will award the contract, manage the contract, and monitor the construction. The D&S Consultant will assist commune councils to monitor construction standards and facilitate monthly coordination at provincial level. 8. For the environmental aspects of the project, the safeguard unit within NCDDS will assign a suitably qualified staff member to be the project Environmental Safeguards Officer (ESO). 9. ESO will supervise, coordinate and assist in the implementation of environmental safeguards for the project. In coordination with subnational government counterparts and working closely with the Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) of the project implementation consultants (PIC) and the NES and NCC of the Infrastructure Design and Supervision consultant team (D&S Team), the officer will: a. Assist the commune councils to implement the environmental management plan (EMP) or Environmental Code of Conduct measures for each subproject. b. Provide training to commune councils and contractors as necessary to facilitate implementation of the EMP or Environmental Code of Conduct. c. Assist commune councils in their monitoring responsibilities under the EMP. d. Working with the implementing agency’s complaint unit, implement the project grievance redress mechanism (GRM), including; (i) instruct the commune councils and other local agencies on their responsibilities in the GRM; (ii) establish a simple registry system, to document and track grievances received (including forms to record complaints and how they have been resolved); and (iii) prepare reports on progress of the GRM for inclusion in the semi-annual environmental monitoring and quarterly project progress reports to ADB.

7 e. Assist in the preparation of materials for the training of commune councilors, commune mobile access workers (CMAW), PST, district support team members (DST), as well as trainers at provincial level, in the use of these tools, to enable them to deliver further training at commune level. f. Assist the National Committee for Disaster Management Secretariat to include climate resilience training at the commune level in the national disaster risk reduction program. g. Ensure that the environmental awareness and capacity building of the Project adequately covers the requirements for environmental safeguarding. h. Provide the Project Director and Project Manager with progress reports which cover environmental performance of all parties, training progress, issues outstanding and further actions recommended. 10. For Project implementation consultants (PIC) will include an Environmental Safeguards and Climate Change Specialist (ESCC) who will work with the ESO and assist the PSTs and commune councils to fulfil their environmental responsibilities in implementing subproject EMPs. The role of the ESCC/PIC will be to work as part of the implementing agency, helping them fulfil their supervision and monitoring responsibilities. The ESCC/PIC will also prepare inputs for the quarterly project progress report and semi-annual environmental monitoring reports for ADB. The ESCC/PIC will be contracted for the duration of the loan implementation period. 11. To enable effective national government oversight of the project, the innovative steering committee arrangement of TSSD will be continued, and will provide guidance to the executing and implementing agencies without creating excessive additional institutional burden. Council for Agriculture and Rural Development (CARD) will handle the steering committee functions as part of its regular meetings and other meetings as needed and will ensure that project performance is monitored throughout implementation up to completion. 12. Environmental monitoring during operation of the subprojects in the longer term is the responsibility of the commune. C. Summary of Potential Impacts

C1. Brief Description of Project 1. The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject, Banteay Meanchey Province 13. The proposed inter-commune sub-project names the rehabilitation of Phnum Dei –Speang Sraeng dam and canal is located in two communes namely Phnum Dei and Speang Sraeng Commune, Phnum Srok District, Banteay Meanchey Province. The subproject is about 15km north of in Province. It is reached through the National Road No.6 to Kralanh District then through the laterite road on the left bank of the Steoung Sreng for a distance of about 8km before passing the Ta An commune and running about 7km to reach the Spean Sreng dike. 14. The total irrigable area of Phnum Dei – Speang Sraeng dam and canal is 336ha. The rehabilitated canal is supplied from Steoung Sreng. The proposed concrete canal will be connected from the Steoung Sreng reservoir. This 2.899km length of concrete canal will distribute water to irrigate 336ha of wet season rice land in the periodic of drought and allow a second rice crop on supplementary irrigation. The existing canal width is 14.23 m. 15. Water Resources. Phnom Dei- Spean Sreng Canal and Dam Rehabilitation sub-project is located in Steung Sreng river sub-basin and Steung Khmeng where is the river sub-basin of Steung Sreng. According to the detail design of Spean Sreng – Trapeang Ambel Irrigation Subproject which was a core sub-project of Water Resources Management Sector Development Project indicated that the approximately Steung Sreng sub-basin area is 9,986km2. The average inflow to the Spean Sreng would be roughly 1,290 million m3/year. During floods, river overflows occurs in the river vicinity; therefore, measurement could be 8 carried out only in the river section at the stream gauge station in Kralanh District. This inflow volume is, however, quite large compared to the required storage volume is estimated at about 200 million m3/year. The excess inflow beyond the required storage will be released through openings along the dike. The catchment area of is 25.2 km2. Photo 1: Existing Condition of Phnom Dei – Speang Sreng Dam and Canal Rehabilitation Subproject

Figure 1: Location of Phnom Dei – Speang Sreng Dam and Canal Rehabilitation Subproject

9 16. Canal Rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include: - Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 15.00m, canal width 2.00m, canal sıde slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.00005, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 17.52m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment, - Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section, - Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures, - Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications. - Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications, - Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage, - Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection. 17. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one Spillway with Environment flow gate, one intake structure, pip crossing, Inlet structure and two drop structure. The one Spillway with Environment flow gate, one intake structure, Inlet structure constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include: - Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings, - Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing, - Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications, - Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required, - Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required, - Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs, - Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications.

10 Figure 2: Typical Cross Section of Phnom Dei – Speang Sreng Dam and Canal Rehabilitation Subproject

2. The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject, 18. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of -Ta Loas canal. This canal is a core irrigated system which located in Kakaoh and Ta Loas communes, Ruessei district, Battambang province. The Kakaoh-Ta Loas canal is located about 35km south-east of and 3km east and downstream of National Road 5 and it takes time almost 1 hour passing through the National Road 5 and commune road to reach the project location. The Kakaoh commune is bounded by Hab commune of District at west, Ta Loas commune at the east, Prey Touch commune at the north and and Moung coung commune at the south. 19. The sub-project was originally constructed by the Khmer Rouge Regime in about 1977. The methodology of construction can be classified as indigenous as no heavy equipment was available by that time. The compaction of the canal embankment was done manually, pooling a mass of people to do the required filling and compaction. As a result, the facilities did not last long under extreme weather conditions like heavy rains and floods. The existing canal width is 12 meter. 20. Water Resources. The proposed tertiary canal will be get water from Chork Reservoir Irrigation System1 which located at upstream of the proposed project location through kakaoh canal, existing canal and Main canal. Recently, Chork Reservoir have received supplementary water from Krahot Dam crossing and Stoeung Sangke and Stoeung Chork. Based on engineer design, the water flow for this proposed secondary canal is 1.9 m3/s. The command area of this subproject is 795 ha. Photo 2: Existing Condition of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject

1 Chork Reservoir was rehabilitated under ADB North West Irrigation Sector Project (NWIP) in 2010 but it was damaged by flood in 2013 and it was rehabilitated again under Flood Damage Emergency Reconstruction Project – Additional Financing (FDERP-AF). 11

Figure 3: Location of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject

12

21. Canal Rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 12.40m, canal width 2.00m, canal side slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.0002, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 14.11m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment.  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

22. Structures Rehabilitation and Construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new five check structures on canal. The check structures constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. Vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications

13

Figure 4: Typical Cross Section of Taloas – Kokoah Canal Subproject

3. The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal subproject 23. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Prey Touch canal. This canal is a core irrigated system which located in Prey Touch commune, district, Battambang province. This proposed canal is located about 30km east of Battambang municipality, it takes time almost 30 minutes passing through the National Road 5 and commune road to reach the project location. The Prey Touch commune is bounded by Koh Chi Vaeng commune of Aek Phnom district at the east, commune of at the west, Kakoah commune of at the south and bordered with Kampong Preang commune of at the north. The existing canal width is 7 meter. The command area of this subproject is 820 ha. 24. Canal rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the canals will include:  Two secondary Canals with the total length is 4672m: o For secondary canal number one, the excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 10.23m, canal width 1.5m, canal side slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.00020, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 11.94m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. The length of secondary canal one is 2632m. o For secondary canal number two, the excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 9.03m, canal width 1m, canal side slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.00020, and to form canal embankment to a level is 10.36m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. The length of secondary canal one is 2040m.  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section.  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

14 25. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one check structure and one intake structure on parent’s canal. For secondary canal number one will be constructed new one intake structure, two inlet structures, two turnout structures and one pipe culvert. The secondary canal number two will be constructed one turnout structure, one pipe culvert and end check structure. 26. The check structure, intake structure and outlet constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications.

27. Water Resources. The proposed secondary canal will be drained water from Chinese main canal and it has received water from Krahot Dam crossing and Stoeung Sangke. For the secondary canal in Prey Touch proposed for 670 ha, the total capacity is 1.75 m3/s. Photo 3: Existing condition of Prey Touch Canal subproject

15 Figure 5: Location of Prey Touch Canal subproject

16 Figure 6: Typical Cross Section of Prey Touch Canal subproject (a). Secondary Canal 1

(b). Secondary Canal 2

17 4. The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject, Battambang 28. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Anlong Run – Rung Chrey canal. This canal is located in Anlong Run and and Rung Chrey Commune, , Battambang Province. The canal is located about 30km north-east of Battambang municipality. This sub project area could be passed through National Road No.5 about 20km then commune road about 10km and it take about 30min from the Battambang city. Anlong Run Commune is bounded by Ou Taki Commune at the east, District at the west, Banan District at the south and the north is bordered with Rong Chrey and Bansay Commune, Thma Koul District (See Figure 7). The existing canal width is 12 meter. 29. The sub-project was originally constructed by the Khmer Rouge Regime. The methodology of construction can be classified as indigenous as no heavy equipment was available by that time. The compaction of the canal embankment was done manually, pooling a mass of people to do the required filling and compaction. As a result, the facilities did not last long under extreme weather conditions like heavy rains and floods. 30. Water Resources. The proposed canal will be get water from the main canal of Kamping Puoy Irrigation System which located at upstream of the proposed project location. Recently, Kamping Puoy Reservoir have received supplementary water from Tahaen Dam crossing of Stoeung . For the Anlong Run-Rung Chrey canal propose for 800 ha for wet season and 460 ha for dry season, the total capacity of canal is 1.6 m3/s. The command area of this subproject is 800 ha for wet season and 460 ha in dry season. Photo 4: Existing Condition of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject

31. Canal rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 20.00m, canal width 2.00m, canal side slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.0004, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 22.80m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. The canal embankment width is 4.46m (left embankment) and 2.00m (right embankment) and on the both side slop of the canal embankment also supplying and placing of the grass sods. Length of canal is 14300m.

18  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection. Figure 7: Location of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject

19 32. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one intake structure, five check structures on, eight pipe crossing, four turnout on right side and two turnout on left side. The intake structure, check structure, and turnout structures constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. Vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications. Figure 8: Typical Cross Section of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Subproject

5. The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject 33. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Mukh Reah canal. This canal is a core irrigated system which located in Mukh Reah commune, Rukh Kiri district, Battambang province. This proposed canal is located about 86km south-east of Battambang City, it takes time about 1 hour and haft passing through the National Road 5 and commune road to reach the project location. The Mukh Reah commune is bounded by Rumlech commune of , at the east, Sdok Pravoek commune of Rukh Kiri district at the west, Talou commune of Bakan district, Pursat province at the south and bordered with Reussei Krang commune of Moung Reussei district at the north. 34. The sub-project was originally constructed by the Khmer Rouge Regime. The methodology of construction can be classified as indigenous as no heavy equipment was available by that time. The compaction of the canal embankment was done manually, pooling a mass of people to do the required filling and compaction. As a result, the facilities did not last long under extreme weather conditions like heavy rains and floods. The existing canal width is 16 meter. The command area of this proposed subproject is 442 ha.

20 35. Water Source. The proposed canal will be drained water from Outapong reservoir which located at upstream of the proposed project location. For the Mukh Reah canal propose for 303ha for wet season and 139 for dry season, the total capacity is 0.606 m3/s. Figure 9: Location of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject

21 Photo 5: Existing Condition of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject

36. Canal Rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 46.79m, canal width 2.00m, canal sıde slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.0010, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 49.50m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. Length of canal is 5768m.  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

37. Structures Rehabilitation and Construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new on intake structure on canal, six turnout structures, three check structures, one pipe culvert structure, one oxcart bridge and one gabion protection end canal structure. The check structure, intake structure and turnout constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.

22  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing, vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications. Figure 10: Typical Cross Section of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject

6. The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject 38. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Sampong Chey canal. This canal is an unusable irrigated system which located in Sampong Chey Commune, , . The sub-project area is located about 60km from Kampong Cham capital town (Fig. 1) and it takes about 1 hour and a half passing through the National Road No. 7 and turn through National Road No. 6 and the Sampong Chey Commune is bounded by Beoung Nay Commune, at at the east, Pring Chrum, Prey Chhor District at the west, Sdaeung Chey and Trapeang Kor Commune at the south and at the north of the commune is bordered by So Yorng Commune, , . 39. The sub-project was formerly constructed in the Pol Pot Regime. The methodology of construction can be classified as indigenous as no heavy equipment was available by that time. The compaction of the canal embankment was done manually, pooling a mass of people to do the required filling and compaction. As a result, the facilities did not last long under extreme weather conditions like heavy rains and floods. The existing canal width is 20 meter. The command area of this proposed subproject is 130 ha. 40. The existing canal length is 2.2kilometers and was built during Sangkum Reastr Niyum (Community of the common people) and the existing width is approximately 15 meters for the whole including both outside slope, left and right embankments and canal width. Until now the right side embankment is disappeared its features (equal to land field elevation) and the left side embankment (used as road) are commonly used to transport but there are partly damaged due to the erosion in rainy season and no regular maintenance. 41. Water Resources. Teuk Chha Irrigation Scheme is the main water resource of the proposed sub-project’s command area through main canal and secondary canal and the proposed canal will be rehabilitated connect to the secondary canal of Teuk Chha irrigation system. For the Sampong Chey canal propose for net command 95 ha the total capacity is 0.35 m3/s.

23

Figure 11: Location of Sampong Chey Canal subproject

24 Photo 6: Existing Condition of Sampong Chey Canal subproject

42. Canal rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 11.960m, canal width 2.50m, canal sıde slope 1:1, canal bed slope 0.0001, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 13.91m, embankment side slope 1:1 for the right and left embankment. Length of canal is 1550m.  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2% for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

43. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one check structure on canal, two pipe crossing, four inlet structure, and three turnout structure. The check structure, inlet structure and turnout structure constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. Vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.

25  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications Figure 12: Typical Cross Section of Sampong Chey Canal subproject

7. The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject 44. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Kraya canal is located in Kraya Commune, , Kampong Thom Province which is about 160km from the Capital City, south-east of provincial capital town of Kampong Thom (Krong Stueng Sen). It is accessible through National Road No.6. The distance from Krong Stueng Sen to the sub-project site is about 48km. 45. The total irrigable area of Kraya canal sub-project is 525ha. The rehabilitated canal is supplied from Steung Chinit. The proposed lined canal will be connected from the Steung Chinit on the upstream of Steung Chini reservoir. This 1.3km length of lined canal will distribute water to irrigate 525ha of wet season rice land in the periodic of drought. The existing canal width is 12 meter. 46. Water Resources. The proposed lined canal will intake water from the Steung Chinit (Chinit River) which well known as main river of Cambodia based in Kampong Thom province, it is a major tributary of the Tonle Sap Lake, which joins the Tonle Sap at the downstream end in the larger Mekong basin. By the way, under the Steung Chinit Irrigation and Rural Infrastructure project, the dam and many other associated structures was constructed at the downstream of the proposed lined canal. For the Kraya command area propose for 600ha for wet season and 525 for dry season, the total capacity is 1.2 m3/s.

26 Figure 13: Location of Construction of Kraya lined Canal subproject

27

Photo 7: Existing Condition of Kraya lined Canal subproject

47. Canal rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface to the level is 9.01, canal width 1.08m, canal side slope 1:1, canal bed slope 0.0002, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 10.30m, embankment side slope 1:1 for the right and left embankment and placing lined canal on the earth canal 0.1m thickness, 1.00m bottom width and 1.37m canal depth and the water depth is 0.97m. Length of canal is 1350m  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

48. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one on intake structure, one pipe crossing and end check structure. The intake structure and end check structure constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.

28  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications. Figure 14: Typical Cross Section of Kraya lined Canal subproject

8. The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject 49. The proposed sub-project names the rehabilitation of Chrouy Neang Nguon canal. This canal is an unusable irrigated system which located in Chrouy Neang Nguon Commune, , . The sub-project area is located about 30km from Kranlanh capital town (Fig. 1) through National Road No.68 and it could be accessed from through National Road No.6 and turn to National Road No.68. Chrouy Neang Nguon Commune is bounded by Sleng Spean Commune of Srei Snam and Srae Kvav at the east, Klang Hay and Prei Commune at the west, Moung Commune at the south and the north of the commune is bordered by Chorng Kal District of . 50. The sub-project was formerly constructed in the Pol Pot Regime. The methodology of construction can be classified as indigenous as no heavy equipment was available by that time. The compaction of the canal embankment was done manually, pooling a mass of people to do the required filling and compaction. As a result, the facilities did not last long under extreme weather conditions like heavy rains and floods. The existing width canal is 8 – 10 meter. For the Chroy Neang Nguon command area propose for 509 ha, the total capacity is 1.27 m3/s. Photo 8: Existing Condition of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject

29 Figure 15: Location of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject

30 51. Sraeng Reservoir (construct by Chinese project) is the main water resource of the proposed sub-project’s command area through main canal and secondary canal propose. The secondary canal will be rehabilitated two lines canal, the SC1 connect from the main canal and the SC2 is connect from SC1 and station 2+000. 52. Canal rehabilitation. The rehabilitation works for the tertiary canal will include:  Excavation of the current channel surface of SC1 to the level is 18.09m at the station 0+000, canal width 1.00m, canal sıde slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.0003, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 19.45m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. Length of canal is 3670m.  Excavation of the current channel surface of SC2 to the level is 17.38m at the station 0+000, canal width 0.80m, canal sıde slope 1:1.5, canal bed slope 0.0002, and use suitable material to form canal embankment to a level is 18.48m, embankment side slope 1:1.5 for the right and left embankment. Length of canal is 2515m.  Trimming the existing canal embankment including removal of vegetation and preparing the surface for placing of fill to achieve the required rehabilitated section,  Excavation of the canal embankment and foundations at locations of new structures or as required to repair existing structures  Placing and compacting suitable fill material on top of the trimmed canal embankment surface according to the final design dimensions and specifications.  Placing and compacting suitable backfill material in excavated areas and around completed structures according to specifications  Depending on soil investigations and the final detailed design, placing a laterite or other wearing surface on top of the canal embankment suitable for the expected traffic type and volume and ensuring cross fall on the top surface of 2 % for adequate drainage,  Placing topsoil surface on top of canal embankment side slopes and sodding the surface for erosion protection.

53. Structures rehabilitation and construction. The rehabilitation of structures will be constructed new one intake structure, four turnout structures, two check structures and the structures on SC2 are on pipe crossing, four turnout structures one end check structures. The Intake structure, turnout structures, check structure constructed with installation of permanent gates with lifting mechanisms, installation of downstream and upstream erosion protection in all structures and to distribute water to the downstream command area. The rehabilitation and construction of these structures will include:  Stockpiling and storing materials for construction on site and preparing the formwork and steel according to the specifications and drawings.  Mixing and placing concrete into the forms including sampling for strength testing. vibration of concrete to ensure proper compaction, curing and finishing.  Supply and installation of galvanized railing and permanent steel gates with lifting mechanisms according to the detailed design specifications.  Supply and installation of slope protection with materials specified in detailed designs including geotextile, stone pitching, masonry or gabions, as required.  Supply and installation of road markers and traffic posts around structures, as required.  Supply and installation of water level gauges, permanent benchmarks and signs as specified in the detailed designs.  Supply and installation of temporary office buildings for use by construction supervisor including provision of furniture, supplies and equipment as detailed in specifications.

31 Figure 16: Typical Cross Section of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject

(a). Secondary Canal 1 (SC1)

(b). Secondary Canal 2 (SC2)

C2. Summary of Environmental Impacts 54. The assessment areas for air, noise, water, and ecological impacts are defined by the technical guidelines for environmental standards cited from national legislation and other applicable guideline and legislation which are summarized in IEE, based on the environmental sensitivity of the project areas and surroundings as well as the nature of each subproject and its components. The assessment areas for the village road component is shown in Table below. Table 2: Assessment Areas of the Irrigation Rehabilitation Subproject

Environmental Aspects Assessment Area

- Air Within 50 m of residences along Secondary Canal 1 and Secondary Canal 2 (to cover all distances of dust and emissions impacts during construction). Not applicable to Secondary Canal 3 (no receptors).

- Noise Within 300 m in the day and 50 m at night along Secondary Canal 1 and Secondary Canal 2 (to cover all distances of dust and emissions impacts during construction). Not applicable to Secondary Canal 3 (no receptors).

- Surface water Nearest permanent waterbody (canal or river).

- Groundwater Within and adjoining irrigation command areas.

- Solid waste Adjoining village and paddy areas where waste could be deposited intentionally or accidently.

- Ecology/Vegetation 25 m easement along canals for canal channel and levees.

32 Environmental Aspects Assessment Area

- Physical cultural Construction “footprint” resources

- Occupational health & Construction “footprint” and adjoining properties. safety

- Community health & Residences and farmers working areas adjacent to construction safety sites.

i. UXO and Borrow pit. Sub-project works will take place in areas that are already well trafficked. Thus, it is not likely to have a significant UXO Risk. Based public consultation in October 2018, no one raised about the UXO risk at the proposed site as it was existing canal since for many years ago. In the meantime, a borrow pit site is unknown yet that it could be harmful on UXO. In the event unexpected ordinance (UXO) clearance is needed, the services of a reputable and experiences mine security organization, acceptable to the CC or NCDD, will be engaged to carry out and then certify that the project area is clear of UXO. ii. Loss of Vegetation. The 25 m construction easement for canals (canal channel and levee banks) will require removal of vegetation where it has established along existing canal banks and, in the case of secondary canal 1 and the eastern portion of secondary canal 2, in the disused canal itself. This vegetation and its local amenity has been described in IEE on Section IV.A.6. No economic valuable trees and vegetation along the canal. Loss of mature native trees and productive fruit trees in these areas should be minimized. Before construction in all areas, the implementing agency’s ESO and contractor will clearly mark trees which are to be retained. Contractors will convey these requirements to all machinery operators and residents to ensure that valuable trees are not damaged. After construction, removed trees and productive shrubs will be replanted. iii. Construction Readiness. A number of environmental management measures will also be implemented in the pre-construction phase to ensure that appropriate plans and documentation to determine environmental performance of construction and operation of subprojects are in place. These include: a. Updating EMP: mitigation measures defined in this EMP will be incorporated into the detailed design to minimize adverse environmental impacts and will be updated in respect of changes made during detailed engineering design. This will be the responsibility of the commune councils and PST. b. Final designs of embankments, siting of control structures and canal alignments is completed after taking into account the provisions of the EMP. c. Contract documents: preparation of the environment section in the TOR for bid and construction contracts, and environmental contract clauses for contractors, namely the special conditions (referencing the EMP and monitoring plan). This will be the responsibility of the commune councils with the support of the ESCC. d. Establishment of the GRM during the subproject design. e. Environmental protection training: environmental specialists (including ESCC) and/or officials from local MoE offices will be invited to provide training on implementation and supervision of environmental mitigation measures to contractors. This will be the responsibility of the commune councils. iv. Spoil disposal. The Bill of Quantities for the Basak- and Bak Ay irrigation subproject indicates that excavation volumes from embankments and canal will be generally balanced with embankment fill volumes. The subproject only plans for the

33 disposal of 1,000 m3 of unsuitable spoil (too sandy for compaction). Any surplus spoil will be made available to nearby communities for use as flood free refuge areas for livestock, building pads and bunds. v. Air quality. Construction machinery on all sites will consume petrol and diesel, releasing gaseous SO2, CO, and NOx. Equipment will be maintained to a high standard to ensure efficient running and fuel-burning. High-horsepower equipment will be provided with tail gas purifiers. vi. Noise Disturbance. Noise can be expected during construction due to construction machinery operation and transport activities. Construction activities will involve haulage vehicles, bulldozers, excavators, concrete-mixing plants, rollers, and other heavy machinery. Noise intensity from these large machines operating is typically in the range of 80–90 decibels at the site (5 m from operating machinery). The transport of material, aggregate, concrete, and waste material to and from sites will also cause noise impacts along the haulage routes. vii. Activities with intensive noise levels will not only have an impact on the residents, but also may cause injury to construction workers operating the equipment. Although the noise impacts will be transient and temporary the following mitigation measures are essential for construction activities to meet construction site noise limits and to protect sensitive receptors. Construction at night within 300 m of residences shall be strictly prohibited. During daytime construction, the contractor will ensure that: (i) equipment with high noise and high vibration are not used in village or township areas and only low noise machinery or the equipment with sound insulation is employed; (ii) workers in high noise areas will be equipped with hearing protection; (iii) sites for concrete-mixing plants and similar activities will be located at least 500 m away from sensitive areas such as residences and schools; and (iv) temporary anti- noise barriers will be installed to shield any schools, temples, and medical centers within 100 m of the work sites. In the irrigation subproject residences are within 50 m of the canal alignment along CS1 and CS2. These will require temporary noise barriers whenever construction work is within 100 m. The locations of these sensitive receptors are shown on Figure 4.

34 Figure 17: Sensitive Receptors at Irrigation Subproject 1-The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei- 2-The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject Canal Subproject

3-The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch 4-The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run- Canal subproject Rung Chrey Canal Subproject

5-The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah 6-The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal Subproject Canal subproject

7- The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined 8- The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Canal subproject Nguon Canal subproject

viii. Surface Water. Surface Water will be polluted from human waste, oil contamination, and other hazardous material during construction phase. Short term construction impacts may be seen in terms of increased turbidity, when access roads improvement or other construction is taking place adjacent to the canals. During

35 Operation, a tendency of agricultural activities will increase when these irrigation systems has improved. Hence, water pollution from chemical fertilizers will be expected to be increased respectively. Impacts can be reduced or avoided if the proposed mitigation measures will be properly implemented. Environmental training and public awareness on impact of chemical fertilizers, integrated pest management (IPM), benefit of organic/compost fertilizers and environmental impacts. ix. Erosion of disturbed surfaces. The cleared construction surface for the irrigation subproject is estimated. The most effective erosion control will be interception drainage to protect disturbed surfaces from surface flows. Construction plans will include erosion control prescriptions for construction work areas, including (i) constructing intercepting ditches and drains to prevent runoff entering construction sites, and diverting runoff from sites to sediment traps and then to existing drainage; (ii) limiting construction and material handling during periods of rains and high winds; and (iii) stabilizing all cut slopes, embankments, and other erosion-prone working areas while works are going on. All earthwork disturbance areas shall be stabilized within 30 days after earthworks have ceased at the sites. x. Solid Waste Management. Impacts on resource use and impacts associated with disposal will arise from waste generated during construction. This includes generation of wastes e.g. demolition waste (any waste from the demolition of unrepairable sluice and gate structures), dredge spoil, and waste from worker camps. xi. Community and Occupational Health and Safety. Safety and health of both workers and residents may be threatened by construction activities. Numerous workers will gather within the construction site, with potentially relatively low living conditions such as unclean water, poor food, and increased risk of diseases infection and transmission. Surrounding residents may also be affected by noise and dust. Workers will confront construction safety risks as well. In an addition, some sections of the project construction are located near residential areas where a drunken person and children will possibly fall into digging hole and/or get injury. Movement of heavy equipment/truck will cause on traffic accident to local people or students. Measures to protect the community will include:  Publicizing planned work schedules and locations well in advance of construction.  Planning construction activities (including demolition work) so as to minimize disturbances to residents, utilities and services. Temporary land occupation will be planned well ahead of construction to minimize its impact on seasonal agricultural activities. In particular construction adjacent to paddy fields during rice planting or harvesting should be avoided or carried on strictly in consultation with the appropriate farm operator. All land will be reinstated to its original condition after construction  Implementing safety measures around the construction sites to protect the public, including warning signs to alert the public to potential safety hazards, and barriers to prevent public access to construction sites and unsafe areas Measures to ensure occupational health and safety will include:  Contractors shall be required by the commune councils to ensure that their workers and other staff engaged in the proposed constructions are in a safe environment.  Following the award of construction contracts, the successful contractors will prepare site environmental health and safety plan, for approval by the commune councils and PST.  Contractors shall ensure that: (a) all reasonable steps are taken to protect any person on the site from health and safety risks; (b) the construction site is a safe and healthy workplace; (c) machineries and equipment are safe; (d) adequate 36 training or instruction for occupational health and safety is provided; (e) adequate supervision of safe work systems is implemented; and (f) means of access to and egress from the site are without risk to health and safety  Construction vehicles will drive at low speeds, especially at market, school, hospital, urban area Contractors also are required to comply with Communicable Disease Control Department of Ministry of Health on COVID 19 regulations and policies to protect themselves from COVID 19. To prevent the spread of COVID 19 are presented as the following:  The contractor will provide safe, suitable and comfortable accommodation, kitchen, dining and sanitary facilities (toilet and bath); with an ample supply of clean water and the bathrooms have liquid soap provided for hand washing.  First aid supplies and personal protected equipment (PPE) will be provided for workers including face masks.  Camp surroundings will be kept clean to prevent the spread of other vermin and insect vectors of disease. .  A trained H & S officer will be designated by the contractor to ensure the proper implementation of the environment, health and safety programs and induction and training of the workforce during the construction phase.  For security and to maintain order in the camp and to avoid social conflicts with the local residents, camp rules will be strictly enforced including a nighttime curfew.  The contractors H&S plans will be updated to reflect the risk mitigation measures in respect of CoVID-19 and these need to be reviewed by the SSP6 Engineers and Environment Safeguard Specialist to provide recommendations to the MoE/PIU and to monitor the implementation of these H&S plans.  Special precautions will be included to provide for enhanced cleanliness on site for the workers and ensuring that over-crowding of dormitories and canteen facilities are avoided to enable adequate social distancing and re regularly disinfected.  The hiring of local unskilled labor from within the villages will be maximized to avoid the importation of laborers from other areas, and for skilled workers who are not from the area they should avoid close interaction with residents in the villages.  All persons who are working on the construction site will be advised to immediately report any symptoms of CoVID-19 to the site manager immediately and make arrangements to self-isolate to avoid the risk of spreading infection.  The H&S officer at the construction site will be equipped with a digital thermometer to enable them to regularly check the temperatures of anyone who shows symptoms. xii. Socio-Economic Impacts (Accessibility). The rehabilitation of irrigation system will require the excavation of parts of the existing canal. The people are living along the canals and rice paddy field along the canal. The community in and around the area will be disrupted by the noise and dust, as described above, and also by localized turbidity and potentially impaired access. xiii. Loss of asset. The alignment of the irrigation canal and working envelope will result in the loss of some built and livelihood assets. These have been documented by the PPTA team and informed consent and appropriate compensation will be implemented in compliance with ADB’s SPS 2009. The updated number of affected assets and household will be revised and responded by social and resettlement team. xiv. Traffic Jam. Some heavy equipment (heavy trucks, bulldozers, backhoes, etc.) will be brought into the construction area for excavation and construction works. They will only be transported in and out during the construction period and in relatively small

37 numbers. During construction phase, this impact will be reduced and avoided if contractor implements some mitigation measures as below: o Drivers must respect to traffic law and drive slowly and carefully o Construction vehicles will drive at low speeds, especially at market, school, hospital, urban areas… o All construction equipment and trucks must park at safe parking areas o All construction equipment and trucks must check quality control regularly o Keep road space or bypass for travelers to avoid traffic jams. o Minimizing pedestrian interaction with construction vehicle o Collaboration with local communities and responsible authorities to improve signage, visibility and overall safety of roads, particularly along stretches located near schools or other locations where children may be present. o Collaborating with local communities on education about traffic and pedestrian safety (e.g. school education campaigns) o Coordination with emergency responders to ensure that appropriate first aid is provided in the event of accidents o Using locally sourced materials, whenever possible, to minimize transport distances. Locating associated facilities such as worker camps close to project sites and arranging worker bus transport to minimizing external traffic o Employing safe traffic control measures, including road signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions C3. Mitigation Measures 55. The mitigation measures will be incorporated into the tender documents, construction contracts, and operational management procedures. Contractors, Key Implementation Agencies, PST and CC will implement these measures, depending upon sub-project phases. The effectiveness of these measures will be carefully monitored to confirm if improvements needed.

38 Table 3: Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures

Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) 1. Pre-construction 1.1. Design stage Final Site Designs Final designs of embankments, siting of CC and Engineer/D&S IA Design cost control structures and canal alignments had Consultant completed after taking into account all the provisions of the EMP (below).. At all sites, trees to be retained will be clearly marked. Baseline water quality Establish baseline water quality for surface CC and NES/D&S IA Included in water and groundwater (see monitoring plan). Consultant monitoring costs 1.2 Construction Environmental management - Confirm budgets for the implementation of CC and NES/D&S IA Included in Preparation Stage budget environmental management measures Consultant Design Costs and environmental supervisory responsibilities. - Assign final budget allocations against each of items in the EMP Incorporate environmental Contract documents: Preparation of the CC and NES/D&S IA Design Costs management into contract environment section in the Terms of Reference Consultant documents for bidders for construction contracts, and environmental contract clauses for contractors, namely the special conditions for the protection of the water, soil and air environments (referencing the EMP and monitoring plan). 1.3 Construction Environmental Education Environmental Protection Training: PIC ESCC/PIC IA - support awareness Environment Specialist and/or Environment preparation. Safeguard officer will be invited to provide on- the-job training on implementation and supervision of environmental mitigation measures to IA, CC, PST and contractors. Complaints procedures The Project Grievance Redress Mechanism CC and NES/D&S IA Part of Design established will be established and contact persons for the Consultant Costs

39 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) sub-project provided to affected persons and included on sign boards at construction sites, camps and each village. Site planning/Construction Prepare a construction environmental Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil Environmental Management management plan, including an emergency PST and D&S work contract Plan (CEMP) preparedness and response guideline for Consultant construction emergencies and site health and safety guidelines. 1.4 UXO Project works will take place in In the event unexpected ordinance (UXO) Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil areas that are already well clearance is needed, the services of a PST, PIC and work contract trafficked. Thus, it is not likely reputable and experiences mine security D&S to have a significant UXO risk. organization, acceptable to the CC or NCDD, Consultant During the public consultation will be engaged to carry out and then certify in October 2018, none that the project area is clear of UXO. participants raised about the UXO risk at the proposed site as it was existing irrigation system since for long time ago. In the meantime, a borrow pit site is unknown yet that it could be harmful on UXO.

1.5 Borrow Pit High level of dust due to - All sources of rock, aggregate and fill for Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil excavation works, loading of construction will be identified and PST, PIC and work contract trucks which could be caused contracted with licensed quarry and borrow D&S to air quality. In addition, operators. Sites to be approved by CC. Consultant increased noise level in the - Borrow pit should be shallow than 2 m area due to operation depths to avoid dangerous to animal and equipment of movement of community – particularly cowboy during trucks. It is possibility of flood season, ground water contamination from water ponding in the borrow pits.

40 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) 1.6 Development Labor will be required during The contractor is required: Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil of Environment, construction, therefore, it will PST, PIC and work contract - Contractor to designate an Environmental Health and Safety include skill or non-skill D&S Health and Safety officer to implement and Guideline workers, operators, surveyors, monitor CEMP and health and safety Consultant and construction supervisors. guidelines. Due to the limited number of workers from time to time - To orient/train workers regularly to ensure during the construction, so they know CEMP and health and safety requirements. Training will be conducted there is relatively small scale by responsible person who are working on and the construction activities Environment, Health and Safety. is expected to be completed within one year. 2. Construction Phase 2.1 Water pollution Human wastes from Provision of sanitary facilities (toilets, burying, Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil from human waste, construction. An adverse etc.) with proper waste treatment and disposal PST, PIC and work contract oil contamination, environmental impact could will be provided by contractors. D&S and other occur during the construction Consultant hazardous phase from workers feces and material. domestic wastes. This will generate flies and transmitted diseases which will possibly result to sanitation issue in the areas. Hazardous materials such as To prevent pollution of soil and surface Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil fuels, oil, cement and water/groundwater: PST and D&S work contract chemicals (i) Storage facilities for fuels, oil, cement, Consultant and chemicals will be within secured areas on impermeable surfaces, provided with bunds and clean up installations; (ii) Vehicle, machinery, and equipment maintenance and re-fueling will be carried out in such a way that spilled materials do

41 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) not seep into the soil; (iii) Oil traps will be provided for service areas and parking areas; (iv) Fuel storage and refilling areas will be located at least 50m from canals and channels and will be protected by temporary drainage bunds to contain spills.

2.2 Air Air quality Equipment will be maintained to a high Contractor NCDD, CC, Included in civil standard to ensure efficient running and fuel- PST, PIC and work contract burning. All vehicle emission will be in D&S compliance with relevant Cambodian emission Consultant standards. Dust Material stocking and concrete mixing Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil equipment will be equipped with dust shrouds. PST, PIC and work contract Vehicles carrying soil, sand, or other fine D&S materials to and from the construction sites will Consultant be covered. For both construction sites and construction Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil roads, water spraying for suppression of dust PST, PIC and work contract and maintenance of driving surface will be D&S standard site management practices. Consultant

2.3 Noise and Noise impacts on sensitive - Construction at lunch and night within Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil Vibration receivers 280m of residences shall be strictly PST, PIC and work contract prohibited. D&S Consultant - During daytime construction, the contractor will ensure that: (i) sites for concrete mixing plants and similar activities will be located at least 1 km away from residences and schools, and (ii) temporary anti-noise barriers will be installed to shield any schools or residences within 100m of the

42 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) construction site.

2.4 Solid wastes Demolition or construction - Any waste from the demolition of un- Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil and Spoil waste and spoil repairable sluice and gate structures will be PS, PIC and work contract either sold to building materials recyclers or D&S collected and transported to official landfill Consultant sites. Metal parts, including pump and pipe will be broken up and sold to scrap metal merchants. - Any excess spoil will be made available to nearby communities for use as building pads and bunds. - There will be no dumping of spoil on adjacent land unless agreement reached with landowner in advance and compensation agreed for any damage. Written agreements should be attached to semi-annual safeguards monitoring report.

Domestic waste from worker Contractors will provide disposal facilities and Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in Civil camps sufficient garbage bins at strategic locations PST, PIC and Work Contract and ensure that they are (i) protected from D&S birds and vermin; (ii) emptied regularly (using Consultant the nearest township solid waste system and landfill); and (iii) Do not overflow.

2.5 Soil erosion Erosion from main reservoir - Erosion control will include (i) limiting Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil and ecology and construction sites. construction and material handling during PST and D&S work contract periods of rains and high winds; and (ii) Consultant stabilizing all cut slopes, embankments, and other erosion-prone working areas while works are going on. - All earthwork disturbance areas shall be stabilized within 30 days after earthworks have creased at the sites.

43 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) Flora - All trees over 3m in construction sites to Contractor NCDD, CC, Including in civil be protected from construction activities if PST and D&S work contract they are not required to be removed. Consultant - Borrow sites will not be selected within forested areas and will be vegetated with native species following re-contouring. 2.6 Social and Impacts to local cultural sites - Contractors will ensure that all local Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil Cultural Maintaining access cultural sites (including shrines and PST and D&S work contract graves) will be kept clear of construction Consultant Damage restoration material and protected from dust and other disturbance. - Access to these sites will not be impeded. - Access to property, land and water supply will be maintained at all times. - After construction is finished the site will be restored to pre-project condition, unless otherwise agreed with owner. The PMIC will confirm clean-up is adequate and confirmed in semi-annual environmental monitoring report.

2.7 Environment, Community health and safety. Community health and safety will be Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil Health, and Safety The construction activities will safeguarded by: PST and D&S work contract be done through one - Contractor will provide sufficient signage Consultant commune namely, 1-The giving community health and safety Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of warnings and information disclosure Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng within all construction sites to community. Dam and Canal Subproject 2-The Rehabilitation of - Planning construction activities so as to 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah minimize disturbances to residents, Canal Subproject utilities and services. Temporary land 3-The Rehabilitation of 4.672 occupation will be planned well ahead of km of Prey Touch Canal construction to minimize its impact. Land

44 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) subproject will be re-instated to its original condition 4-The Rehabilitation of 14.30 after construction. km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey - Implementing safety measures around Canal Subproject the construction sites to protect the public, including warning signs to alert the 5-The Rehabilitation of 5.768 public to potential safety hazards, and km of Mukh Reah Canal barriers to prevent public access to Subproject construction sites. 6-The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject 7-The Rehabilitation of 6.25 km of Sandaek Canal subproject 8-The Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject 9-The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject Occupational Health and Measures to ensure occupational health and Contractors NCDD, CC, Included in civil Safety. Some workers will be safety will include: PST, PIC and work contract recruited for construction - Contractor shall be required by the PMU D&S activities and workers' camp to ensure that their workers and other Consultant will be constructed. These will staff engaged in the proposed include non-skilled workers, constructions are in a safe environment. operators and drivers as well - Contractors shall ensure that (i) all as surveyors and construction reasonable steps are taken to protect any supervisors. Since the works person on the site from health and safety will be relatively small scale risks; (ii) the construction site is a safe and expected to be completed and healthy workplace; (iii) machineries within one and a half year, and equipment are safe; (iv) adequate large numbers of workers are training or instruction for occupational health and safety is provided; (v)

45 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) not expected. However, safety adequate supervision of safe work and health impacts will be also systems is implemented; and (vi) means expected. of access to and egress from the site are without risk to health and safety. - Contractor shall ensure that all workers are equipped with, and use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) including face-mask, helmet, safety vest and gove. - Contractor will provide sufficient signage giving occupational health and safety warnings and information disclosure within all construction sites. - Contractor shall provide first aid kit for urgent and small case accident. - Contractor shall provide details of weekly/monthly toolbox meetings (safety briefings) To prevent outbreak of Covid- Contractors also are required to comply with Contractor NCDD, CC, Included in civil 19 at working area as well as Communicable Disease Control Department of PST, PIC and work contract to local community. Ministry of Health on COVID 19 regulations D&S and policies to protect themselves from COVID Consultant 19. To prevent the spread of COVID 19 are presented as the following: - Clean your hands often. Use soap and water, or an alcohol-based hand rub. - Maintain a safe distance from anyone who is coughing or sneezing. - Don’t touch your eyes, nose or mouth. - Cover your nose and mouth with your bent elbow or a tissue when you cough or sneeze. - Stay home if you feel unwell. - If you have a fever, cough and difficulty

46 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) breathing, seek medical attention. Call in advance. - Follow the directions of local health authority. 2.8 Road safety Some heavy equipment (heavy The contractor is required to implement some Contractor NCDD, CC, Included in civil /accident (by trucks, bulldozers, backhoes, mitigation measures as follow: PST, PIC and work contract transportation of etc.) will be brought to the - Construction vehicles will comply with D&S heavy trucks…) construction areas for national speed limitation. Consultant construction works. They will - Construction vehicles will drive at low only be transported in and out speeds, especially at market, school, during the construction period hospital, urban areas. and in relatively small numbers. Even though the - Keep road spaces or bypass for travelers project area is not populated to avoid traffic jams. (rural area), no serious - Vehicles for construction should park at disturbance is envisaged; but it designated safe places. will possibly cause accidence - Water spraying should be applied as to local communities and needed to ensure there is no dust/air dusty. pollution in local community (See 2.2. Air). 2.9 Transmitted Workers will be recruited for The contractor will be required Contractor NCDD, CC, - Disease (e.g. HIV construction activities and - To develop a guideline on health and PST, PIC and …) workers’ camp will be safety management during construction. D&S constructed. These will include Consultant - To orient/train the workers on health and non-skilled workers, operators HIV program. and drivers as well as surveyors and construction supervisors with different gender. Thus, transmitted diseases, especially HIV, will be also expected. 2.10 Conflict Workers will be recruited for Contractor is required to implement the Contractor NCDD, CC, - between the construction activities and mitigation measures as follow: PST, PIC and workers and workers camp will be D&S

47 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) community constructed. These will include - The guideline on staff management, Consultant non-skilled workers, operators internal policy and internal rule should be and drivers as well as prepared in advance or at the same time surveyors and construction of preparing the site planning or called supervisor. Since the works construction environmental management will be relatively small scale plan (CEMP). and expected to be completed - Site manager or staff who is responsible within one year large numbers for environment, health and safety should of workers are not expected. regularly orient/train workers or staff to But conflict will be also avoid any conflict may happen in expected. advance. 2.11 Worker camp Some workers will be recruited The contractor shall: Contractor NCDD, CC, Including in the site for construction activities; - Train workers on environmental PST, PIC and civil work including non-skilled workers, management and sanitation and D&S contract operators and drivers as well working safety, Consultant as surveyors and construction - Provide sufficient waste bin for supervisors. Since the works temporary storage before transporting will be relatively small scale to dispose at safe dump site where and expected to be completed approved by local authority. within 1 year, large numbers of - Clean labor’s camp after movement to workers are not expected. This other place will have minor impact as long - Provide a sanitary toilet for workers as their living quarters will be situated away from the nearby communities and careful attention has to be paid to the sanitary conditions around the camp site. 2.12 Damage on Based on design team, the The contractor shall: Contractor NCDD, CC, Including in the trees along the tree along inside the reservoir - Avoid to clear the trees as much as PST, PIC and civil work bank of existing do not plan to clear, while possible D&S contract dam and feeder some trees along the bank of Consultant - Re-planting trees will be considered in canal existing dam (outside the

48 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) reservoir) and feeder canal will consultation with engineering team. be affected during clearing activities. 2.13 Unexpected If unexpected environmental impacts occur Contractor NCDD, CC, Included in civil environmental during project construction phase, the IA will PST, PIC and work contract impacts update the EMP, and environmental protection D&S measures will be designed and discussed Consultant immediately. 3. Operation Phase 3.1 Inadequate Poor and inadequate operation - Acceptable and appropriate O&M should CC, PST IA Included in O&M O&M and maintenance (O&M) of the be developed for sustainable operation Training costs improved village road could and maintenance. cause unintended adverse - Sufficient training to community must be environmental impacts. also provided thus they will be able to Establishment and operation of manage, operate and maintain the community is part of the irrigation in sustainability. project design and support. The PST has been providing a technical support to set up community. Community is charged with undertaking or ensuring the key activities - operation and maintenance. 3.2 Conflict of This will occur between water - It should be avoidable with support of CC, PST IA Included in water utilization users of downstream and community and proper O&M manual. community upstream in case of un- - Educational program for water saving training appropriate management and uses should be also provided. Hence equitable share with concepts of water equitable share and understanding. effective management should be applied.

49 Environmental Impacts and Who Total Cost Items Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Who Implements Issues Supervises (USD) 3.3 Emergency Floods and extreme weather The project will promote the development of Project Output ADB - response Planning events community-based disaster readiness programs at the irrigation and drainage communes with particular reference to flooding and other natural disasters.

The development program on disaster is also updated with national and local level on disaster preparedness and response mechanism of National Risk Management Plan of Cambodia. 3.4 Chemical Over use of chemical fertilizers The project will support the national CC, PST IA Included in fertilizer/pesticide Integrated Pest Management Program and community deliver IPM training modules and low training chemical cultivation training modules applicable to cropping conditions and capacities in the Project sites.

IA: Implement Agencies (NCDD and MAFF), ESCC/PIC: Environmental Safeguard and Climate Change Specialist of Project Implementing Consultant, CC: Commune Council, PST: Provincial Support Team, NES/D&S Consultant: National Environment Specialist of Design and Supervision Consultant, NCS/D&S Consultant: National Climate Change Specialist Source: D&S Consultant, May 2020

50 C4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COSTS 56. The costs of implementing the environmental management, impact mitigation measures and EMP/CoC and GRM Training listed in the EMP matrix are included in the design costs, construction contracts and operational budgets. Final budget allocations for the other the items in the EMP will be developed by D&S Consultant. The total environmental management cost is $ 33,275 for 8 irrigation subprojects. The break down budget for each subproject is show in Table below. Table 4: Summary of Environmental Budget for Implementing Mitigation Measure and Monitoring EMP Description Province District Commune Budget The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km Phnom of Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Banteay Meanchey Dei&Spean 4700 Dam and Canal Subproject Sraeng The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Canal Battambang Moung Russei Taloas&Kokoah 3600 Subproject The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal Battambang Moung Russei Prey Touch 4150 subproject The Rehabilitation of 14.30 Anlong Run & km of Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Battambang Thma Koul 4550 Rung Chrey Canal Subproject The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Battambang Rukh Kiri Mukh Reah 3150 Subproject The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal Kampong Cham Cheung Prey Sampong Chey 4100 subproject The Construction of 1.35 km of Kampong Thom Santuk Kraya 4100 Kraya lined Canal subproject The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km Chrouy Neang of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal Siem Reap Srei Snam 4925 Nguon subproject Total 33,275

D. Environmental Monitoring

D1. Monitoring Management 57. The project monitoring conducted under the EMP includes: - Project Readiness Monitoring. Monitoring to check progress on project readiness and close gaps through corrective actions. Before construction, the D&S Consultant will monitor the project’s readiness on environmental management based on a set of indicators (Table 5) and report it to ADB and IA. This assessment will formally demonstrate that environmental commitments are being carried out and environmental management systems are in place before construction starts, or suggest corrective actions to ensure that all requirements are met.

51 Table 5: Project Readiness Assessment Indicators

Are the If No, Date for Criteria What Corrective Indicator Criteria met? Corrective Action action is Completion Yes/No needed?

1. EMP update EMP updated after detailed design & Y/N approved by ADB

2. Compliance with The borrower complies with loan Y/N loan covenants covenants related to project design and environmental management

3. Public Meaningful consultation completed Y/N Involvement effectiveness GRM established with entry points Y/N

4. Environmental Recruitment of external staff as set out Y/N Supervision and in the Institutional Arrangements for this monitoring in place EMP

Nomination of government staff for PMU Y/N and PIU roles as set out in the Institutional Arrangements for this EMP

5. Bidding Bidding documents and contracts Y/N documents and incorporate the environmental activities contracts with and mitigation measures required by environmental this EMP safeguards

6. EMP financial The required funds have been set aside Y/N support for EMP implementation including training and capacity building

- EMP Compliance monitoring. To be conducted by the NES/D&S Consultant and the PST/CC to verify EMP compliance during project construction. To be effective EMP, all the mitigation measures shall be monitored to ensure they are implemented properly. Note this applies to construction only; during operation, it is the responsibility of the appropriate ministry or its line department to ensure monitoring of operational facilities is completed. Compliance monitoring requirements are summarized in Table 6. Table 6: EMP Compliance Monitoring Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation Environmental Budget Bidding One time only before IA PIC- document & the construction start Procurement contract (Review the bidding Specialist document and

52 Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation contract)

Construction 1st quarterly One time only before IA, D&S Contractor Environmental report from the the construction start Consultant Management Plan contractor (Through review document which is submitted by contractors).

Environmental Project Site, As needed, the training IA - ESCC/PIC Education awareness Project Office could be conducted at - NES/D&C the project site; target Consultant provinces or at Project Office in Phnom Penh.

Complaints - Complaints procedure IA - ESCC/PIC procedures with both English and - NES/D&C established . Consultant Site Planning Project Site Once before the IA - ESCC/PIC contractor move - NES/D&C equipment and workers Consultant to the construction site (through site planning document submitting to IA and D&S Consultant office).

UXO and borrow pit Implementation Once when the UXO IA, PIC and Contractor remove site and borrow removing agency D&S Consultant (UXO removal pit site complete their task agency if have) (through the report for submitting to IA and D&S Consultant office)

Development of Project Site Once before the IA, PIC and Contractor CEMP and health and equipment and workers D&S Consultant safety guidelines. move to the project site. The guideline could be integrated into site planning document.

Water Quality Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor Site of Spoil and against mitigation Borrow Site measures specified in management this EMP (through observation on borrow pit and spoil sites management)

53 Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation Air quality Civil Work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (through interview with villagers, or villager chief and observation)

Noise and vibration Civil work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (through interview with workers, villagers, or villager chief and observation)

Solid Wastes Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor of construction against mitigation workers measures specified in management this EMP

Flora Civil work sites Monthly checking CC Contractor against mitigation measures specified in this EMP

Soil erosion and Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor resources site of spoil and against mitigation borrow site measures specified in management this EMP (through observation on borrow pit and spoil sites management)

Social and Culture Local cultural Monthly checking CC Contractor sites against mitigation measures specified in this EMP (Through observation, and interview with villagers and local authority)

Human Health and Implementation Monthly checking CC Contractor safety of community and against mitigation occupational measures specified in Health and this EMP (Through Safety and observation, and Emergency interview with villagers Response and local authority)

Community Health At all construction Focus group CC Contractor and Safety discussion/interview

54 Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation - Environmental locations with affected People Impacts of civil Using the form in works Appendix 1. - Any unforeseen impacts caused by accidentally - Civil nuisance - Impaired use of access roads Occupational At construction Monthly checking PST, CC and Contractor environmental health and villages against mitigation D&S Consultant and safety where is nearby measures specified in or within this EMP (Through subproject observation, and command area. interview with villagers and local authority)

Road safety/accident All along the Monthly checking CC Contractor and traffic jam (by access road to against mitigation transportation of construction site measures specified in heavy trucks …) this EMP (Through observation, and interview with villagers and local authority)

Transmitted disease All workers camp Monthly checking CC Contractor for an example, HIV sites against mitigation … etc.) measures specified in this EMP (Through observation, and interview with worker on environment, health and safety)

Conflict between the At construction Monthly checking PST, CC and Contractor workers and and villages against mitigation D&S Consultant community where is nearby measures specified in or within this EMP (Through subproject observation, and command area. interview with villagers and local authority)

Damage on trees Along the bank of Monthly checking CC and D&S Contractor dam and feeder against mitigation Consultant canal measures specified in this EMP (Through observation)

Camp site All workers Monthly Observation CC and D&S Contractor camps site (both

55 Environmental Method & Responsibility Location Indicators Frequency Verification Implementation main camp site Consultant and sub-camp sites)

Unexpected - Monthly checking and PIC and D&S Contractor environmental through observation to Consultant impacts identify any issue occur.

IA: Implement Agencies (NCDD and MAFF), ESCC/PIC: Environmental Safeguard and Climate Change Specialist of Project Implementing Consultant, CC: Commune Council, PST: Provincial Support Team, NES/D&S Consultant: National Environment Specialist of Design and Supervision Consultant, NCS/D&S Consultant: National Climate Change Specialist. - Affected People Monitoring (Interview/Focus Group Discussion). The public consultation and participation process during the project preparation stage (PPTA) involved; (i) reconnaissance surveys of the subproject sites; and (ii) participatory meetings with affected persons and local stakeholders. - Participatory meetings have been held with government stakeholders and representatives from affected villages, communes, water user groups and farmers to collect data, to present the project (designs and locations), and to ascertain social and environmental issues and concerns. For Category B Irrigation subprojects, consultation was carried out during subproject preparation. The following completion of detailed engineering design, again public consultation with affected and local people was held in 2019. Table 7: List of Participants in Public Consultation Meeting

# of # of No. Project Name Province District Commune Partici- Female pants The Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Phnom 1 Phnom Dei-Spean Sraeng Dam Banteay Meanchey Dei&Spean 43 13 Srok and Canal Subproject Sraeng The Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Moung 2 Battambang Taloas&Kokoah 40 24 Taloas-Kokoah Canal Subproject Russei The Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Moung 3 Battambang Prey Touch 24 8 Prey Touch Canal subproject Russei The Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Thma Anlong Run & 4 Anlong Run-Rung Chrey Canal Battambang 84 26 Koul Rung Chrey Subproject The Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Rukh 5 Battambang Mukh Reah 58 4 Mukh Reah Canal Subproject Kiri The Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Cheung 6 Kampong Cham Sampong Chey 37 8 Sampong Chey Canal subproject Prey The Construction of 1.35 km of 7 Kampong Thom Santuk Kraya 33 8 Kraya lined Canal subproject The Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Srei Chrouy Neang 8 Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal Siem Reap 58 15 Snam Nguon subproject

56 - Informal monitoring interviews with affected people will focus on complaints about community disturbance from construction activities, such as construction noise, dust, solid waste and wastewater, as well as public concerns about ecological protection, soil/land concerns and access issues. A sample Environmental Monitoring Interview Form is given in Appendix 1. This will contribute to project monitoring. 58. Operational Monitoring. This is required as part of the operations of the sub-project and will be undertaken by the relevant government department or a nominated private sector operator. D2. Environmental Monitoring Reports 59. Environmental Monitoring Reports (using ADB’s integrated safeguards monitoring report format) will be prepared semi-annually for the IA by the ESCC/PIC in collaboration with IA – ESO and submitted to ADB. EMP table with the column indicating how implemented will be attached in the report as appendix. Below Table gives reporting requirements. Table 8: Reporting Requirements Report Frequency Purpose From To Contractor’s Monthly and EMP Implementation Contractor IA progress report quarterly Progress and Monitoring Results

EMP Progress Monthly Confirm Mitigation D&S Consultant IA and Compliance Measures and CC Report

Environmental Quarterly Confirm EMP D&S Consultant IA Monitoring performance and ESO Report

Environmental Semi-annual Full EMP ESCC/PIC and ADB monitoring Implementation and IA/EA Report adherence to (Integrated environmental safeguards Covenants/Conditions monitoring report format)

IA: Implement Agencies (NCDD and MAFF), ESCC/PIC: Environmental Safeguard and Climate Change Specialist of Project Implementing Consultant, CC: Commune Council, PST: Provincial Support Team, NES/D&S Consultant: National Environment Specialist of Design and Supervision Consultant, NCS/D&S Consultant: National Climate Change Specialist. D3. Training Program 60. A training program is set out in below table which address the safeguard reporting and implementation requirements during construction. The engagement of a PIC/D&S Consultant will be critical to ensuring the capacity of the PST/CC and to ensuring monitoring and reporting are managed effectively during implementation. This person will also work closely with the IA – ESO) in order to ensure safeguards are implemented and monitored. 61. Training for EMP Implementation. The proposed training required for project

57 implementation is set out in Table 9. It is estimated the total budget is US$ 4,000 for first EMP training of 8 subprojects in pre-construction. During construction, there is on-the- job training by ESCC to ensure on EMP implementation. Table 9: Capacity Building and Training Requirements

Subject/Content Participants Trainer Frequency

EMP adjustment and IA/EA, PST, CC and ESCC/PIC Once prior to implementation – Contractors construction Development and adjustment of the EMP, roles and responsibilities, monitoring, supervision and reporting

Grievance Redress IA/EA, PST, CC and ESCC /PIC Once prior to Mechanism – roles and Contractors construction responsibilities

Environmental Protection IA/EA, PST, CC and ESCC/PIC Once during the project Pollution control on Contractors construction construction sites (air, noise, wastewater, solid waste)

Environmental Monitoring IA/EA, PST, CC and ESCC/PIC Once prior to – monitoring methods, Contractors construction data collection and processing, reporting systems IA: Implement Agencies (NCDD and MAFF), ESCC/PIC: Environmental Safeguard and Climate Change Specialist of Project Implementing Consultant, CC: Commune Council, PST: Provincial Support Team, NES/D&S Consultant: National Environment Specialist of Design and Supervision Consultant, NCS/D&S Consultant: National Climate Change Specialist. E. Grievance Redress Mechanism

E1. GRM Objectives 62. Public grievances related to project construction may include damage to commune or private property, damage to vegetation, interruption of public services, dust emissions, noise, soil erosion, inappropriate disposal of waste materials, and safety for the general public and construction workers. 63. Traditionally, complainants at the village level address their concerns to the village leader, commune leader or staff. The NCDD also has a complaints unit, but its focus is on land issues and resettlement rather than environmental concerns. Additionally, there are sanctions the 1996 Law on Environmental Protection and Natural Resources Management which can be sought by affected people or villages through the district offices of the MoE. The main weaknesses of these systems are: a. The lack of a specialized unit to address environmental grievances; and b. The lack of a specific timeframe for the redress of grievances.

58 64. During project implementation stage, a project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) has been developed in compliance with ADB’s SPS (2009) requirement to address the weaknesses in existing complaints systems and provide an easy and immediate complaint-and-response link between affected persons and the contractors/implementing agencies. 65. The project GRM is designed to achieve the following objectives: a. Provide channels of communication for local communities to raise concerns about environmental grievances which might result from the project; b. Prevent and mitigate adverse environmental impacts to communities caused by project construction and operation; c. Improve mutual trust and respect and promote productive relationships between the implementing agencies and local communities; and d. Build community acceptance of the project. The GRM is accessible to all members of the community, including women, youth, and poverty-stricken residents. Multiple points of entry are available, including face-to-face meetings, written complaints, telephone conversations, e-mail, and social media. E2. GRM System 66. The NCDD and MAFF, as the EA of the TSSP-AF will establish the GRM. The setup shall be made before commencement of site works and have members from the NCDD, MAFF, PST, district authority and commune councils. Grievances can be filed in writing or verbally with any entry point of the GRM. The committee will have 14 days to respond with a resolution. The project environment safeguard officer (ESO) will oversee the implementation/observance of the mechanism and will be responsible for keeping the NCDD&MAFF informed. The Safeguards Focal Point at Provincial Level (PST- Safeguards Focal Point) will be responsible for ensuring GRM implementation at the sub-project level. 67. The GRM will accommodate both informally and formally lodged eligible, grievances. Informally lodged grievances are those received by the contractor during construction. Formally lodged grievances are those received at District and Commune Council offices or direct to the PST. Commune Councils evaluate complaints for eligibility and then report to PST. The PST and ESO maintain record of all grievances, informally and formally lodged, eligible and ineligible. The ESO will inform the NCDD and MAFF, as necessary, and report on the observance/implementation of the GRM in line with the quarterly project progress reports and in the periodic Environmental Monitoring Report that will be submitted to the NCDD and MAFF. 1. Access to Mechanism 68. Any person who has environmental issues pertaining to the subproject during construction and operation phases will have access to the mechanism free of charge. The implementing agency (NCDD & MAFF) has established a complaints unit which will act as a central recording and coordinating unit for all subprojects under the project. Each PST will consist of a Safeguard Focal Point (PST-Safeguard Focal Point). Each subproject commune council will ensure that the GRM is publicized locally so that the community is fully aware of the mechanism and the local points of entry to it. The setting up of the GRM in the implementing agency and its initial implementation through the commune councils is supported by the environmental consultant of the loan implementation consultancy services.

59 69. When construction starts, a sign will be erected at each construction site providing the public with updated project information and summarizing the GRM process including details of the GRM entry points. The contact persons for different GRM entry points; commune councils, contractors, and operators of project facilities, will be identified prior to construction. The contact details for the entry points (e.g., phone numbers, addresses, e-mail addresses, etc.) will be publicly disseminated on information boards at construction sites and commune council noticeboards. 70. The preferred action sequence for complaints handling is that the complaint should be investigated and resolved by the unit receiving the complaint. 71. The complaints unit will maintain records of complaints and actions taken to correct them. This data will be included in the implementing agencies reports to the ADB. The complaints unit will establish a GRM tracking and documentation system. The system will include the following elements: a. Tracking forms and procedures for gathering information from project personnel and complainant(s); b. Staff to update the database routinely; c. Systems with the capacity to analyze information so as to recognize grievance patterns, identify any systemic causes of grievances, promote transparency, publicize how complaints are being handled, and periodically evaluate the overall functioning of the mechanism; d. Processes for informing stakeholders about the status of a case; and e. Procedures to retrieve data for reporting purposes in the periodic reports to the ADB. 2. GRM Steps and Timeframe 72. The grievance redress mechanism process is described as bellow: Stage 1 – Contractors/Village Heads, Commune Council – One Week: If a concern arises during construction, the affected person will submit a written or oral complaint to the contractor/village heads/Commune Council directly. Whenever possible, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will resolve the issue directly with the affected person. The contractor/village heads/Commune Council will give a clear reply within one week. If successful, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council will inform the complaints unit accordingly (See Appendix 2: GRM – Complaint Recording Form).

Stage 2 – District/Provincial Level (Project Supporting Team – PST) – 5 Working Days: If no appropriate solution can be found, the contractor/village heads/Commune Council should forward the complaint to the PST within 5 working days it may also submit a written or oral complaint to the PST. The PST will investigate and identify the solution and provide a clear reply for the complainant within 5 working days. The environment consultants of the loan implementation consultancy service will assist the PST in replying to the affected person. The PST will timely convey the complaint/grievance and suggested solution to the contractors/village heads/Commune Council or operators of facilities. The contractors during construction and the operators during operation will implement the agreed upon redress solution and report the outcome to the complaints unit within 7 working days.

60 Stage 3 – Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) – 10 Working Days. This level has 10 working days within which meets with the aggrieved party and tries to resolve the situation. Within 10 working days of submission of the grievance, the Key Implementation Agency (NCDD & MAFF) must make a written decision and submit copies to the PST, Contractor/Village Head/Commune Council and the APs. If the complaint still not be solved at this stage, the complaint may be brought to ADB, the following steps will be taken:

o Special Mission or Judicial System: the IA (NCDD & MAFF) will inform ADB to convene a special mission to attempt a resolution prior to use of the Cambodian judicial system;

o Accountability Mechanism of the ADB. In addition, APs may always contact the Complaints Receiving Officer of the ADB Through ADB Cambodia Residential Mission; 29 Suramarit Blvd. (St.268), Sangkat Chatomuk, Khan Daun Penh, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; (+855) 23 215 805; (+855) 23 215 807; www.adb.org/cambodia. 73. During construction, the complaints unit will be informed by contractors and construction supervisors, commune council’s staff, if people complain about the project. During operation, the complaints unit will be advised of complaints by the commune council. The complaints unit will also inform the ADB project team and submit all relevant documents such as contact persons for the sub-project provided to affected persons and including the sign boards at construction sites, camps and each village that show the contact person information.

61 Figure 18: GRM System

Grievances/complaints by APs, Groups or Institutions

Oral or written complaint Solution Found

Stage 2: District/Provincial Level (Provincial Support Stage 1: Contractor/Village Team PST) – Head/Commune Council Reporting Inform if solved; Forward if not solved

Complaints Unit under IA solved

Forward if not if not Forward Reporting solved; if Inform Reporting Stage 3: Key Implementation Agency (IA) (NCDD & MAFF)

Record complaint, inform relevant stakeholders, including ADB

Investigation, consultation and coordination as appropriate Reporting

Solution found

Implement Solution

During During Construction Operation

Contractor Commune

ADB = Asian Development Bank; AP = affected person; CC = commune council; GRM = grievance redress mechanism; IA = implementing agency

62 Table 10: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 2.899 km of Phnom Dei- Spean Sraeng Dam and Canal Subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Mr. Ton Phary Head of Phnum Dei commune and Chairman 088 223 3544

2 Mrs. Kim Lang Head of Speang Sraeng commune and Chairman 089 668 111

st 067 998 888 3 Ms. Svat Chanton 1 deputy chief of Phnum Dei commune 4 Mr. Douer Souy 1st deputy chief of Speang Sraeng commune 095 767 996

5 Mr. So Kon Commune council (CCWC) 089 886 716

6 Mr. Chan Out Head of Trapeang Prei village 088 927 7464

7 Mr. Bub Chheat Head of Mukh Chhneang village 088 447 8334

8 Mr. Chhoun Sokom Phnum Dei commune clerk 077 266 655

9 Mr. Yin Hourt Speang Sraeng commune clerk 012 359 892

10 Mr. Teb Chinda Head of constructor 016 777 437

Step 2: District authorities/Provincial project implementation unit 099 585 899 1 Mr. Yim Samnang Deputy district governor and chairman 077 852 360 2 Mr. Pho Eang District Support Team Leader Mr. Phun Lang 017 505 199 Admin/Finance Officer 3 Heanh 069 322 454 4 Mrs. Choy Chinda Social and Environment Safeguard Focal Point 1 H.E. Ly Sary Deputy provincial governor and chairman 012 631 631 2 Mr. Hay Samnang PST 012 788 785 3 Ms. Ork Sophea Officer for TSSD-AF administration and finance 092 922 663 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDS) 1 H.E Ny Kimsan Deputy Head of NCDDS and TSDD project manager 011 970 565

63 Table 11: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 7.946km of Taloas-Kokoah Canal Subproject

64 Table 12: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 4.672 km of Prey Touch Canal subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Mr. Eung Sovann Head of Prey Touch commune 097 444 3337 1st Deputy Head of Prey Touch Commune and 2 Mr. Vorn Sovan Chairman 097 223 8954 3 Mrs.Ngoun Naron Commune council for women and children affairs 069 369 965 4 Mr. Ra linda Prey Touch Deputy Commune Chief 086 449 596 5 Mr. Chhoeum Reth Dam Krasang village chief 092 823 741 6 Mr. Kim Ros Head of Steung Chak 088 344 6776 7 Mr. Bun Seak Head of Thmey village 092 465 753 8 Mr. Thien Bunlun Conflict committee member 088 243 5487 9 Mr. Pann Phanna Commune clerk 092 333 276 10 Mrs Var Montha Commune assistant 016 346 876 11 Mrs.Sith Sokha Commune Council 076 576 6676 Step 2: District authorities/Provincial project implementation unit 1 Mr. Tun Sophorn District support team and chairman 012 361 801 Officer for environment and social safeguard (district 2 Mrs. Jim Vannak focal point) 012 866 946 3 Mrs. Yim Visal Officer for gender 017 791 459 1 H.E Uy Sopheavy Deputy provincial team 012 885 890 2 Mr. Hann Sihib Chief of project provincial team 017 766 636 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDs) Deputy Head of NCDDs and TSDD-AF project H.E Ny Kimsan 11 970 565 1 manager 0

Table 13: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 14.30 km of Anlong Run- Rung Chrey Canal Subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Mr. Kheav Reach Head of Anlongrun Commune and Chairman 097 555 7658 2 Mr. You Soeum Head of Anlongchrey Commune and Vice Chairman 088 765 6354 3 Mrs. Sourt Sun Anlongchrey First Deputy Head of Commune 092 867 711 4 Mr. Eng Sara Anlongrun First Deputy Head of Commune 097 875 6333 Anlongrun Commune council for women and children 5 Mrs.Eang Choeurn 011 925 827 affairs Anlongchrey Commune council for women and children 6 Mrs. Eang Soken 092 567 765 affairs Commune council for women and children affairs 7 Mr. Keo Sovan Anlongrun Police Post Commune 061 107677 8 Mr. Cheam Samon Anlongchrey Police Post Commune 012 755 645 9 Mr. Chhouern Chorb Anlongrun Village Chief 012 766 123 10 Mr. Nov Phal Village Chief 092 235 237 11 Mr. Kim Khoun Char village chief 088 456 6544 12 Mr. Phon Saran Sla Slak village chief 097 800 7765 13 Mr. Keo Khon Prokeab village chief 088 756 8018 14 Mr. Neam Khun Anlongchrey deputy village chief 097 735 0068 15 Mr. Hem Mony Elder of Char village 092 870696 16 Mr. Meas Phorin Erderly of anlongchrey 097 7607 966 17 Mr. Chet Sila Anlongrun Clerk 18 Mr. Chhon Poch Alongchrey clerk Step 2: District authorities/Provincial project implementation unit 1 Mr. Hing Bunthan District support team and chairman 2 Mrs. Kong Chantha Officer for gender (district focal point)

65 No. Name Roles Contact no. 3 Mr. Nok Synon Officer for administration and finance (district) 1 H.E Uy Sopheavy Deputy provincial team 012 885 890

2 Mr. Hann Sihib Chief of project provincial team 017 766 636 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDs) 1 H.E Ny Kimsan Deputy Head of NCDDs and TSDD-AF project manager 011 970 565

Table 14: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 5.768 km of Mukh Reah Canal Subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Mr. Oum Khouen Mukh Rea Head of Commune and Chairman 012 523 052 2 Mr. Tun Young Mukh Rea Deputy Commune Chief 088 6909 593 3 Mr. Phan Song Mukh Rea Deputy Commune Chief 012 552 689 Commune council for women and children 4 Mrs. Vean Chab affairs 092 932 034 5 Mr. Oung Eab Commune Council 097 650 5486 6 Mr. Ouch Sambath Commune Council 097 277 5525 7 Mr. San Synan Commune Council 071 933 9992 8 Mr. Dy Noue Mukh Rea village 088 524 9133 9 Mr. Mean Mat Syar Yar village 089 620 305 10 Mr. Chan Houn Ta Preat village 088 835 7131 11 Mr. Chhin Chouem Mukh Rea 1 village 097 776 3178 12 Mr. Oub Roy Commune cleark 071 659 9199 Step 2: District authorities/Provincial project implementation unit 1 Mr. Kroung Ratha District support team and chairman 012 930 748 2 Mrs. Ry Suphea Officer for gender (district focal point) 096 628 7269 3 Mr. Youn Bross Admin and finance officer 012 707 433 1 H.E Uy Sopheavy Deputy provincial team 012 885 890

2 Mr. Hann Sihib Chief of project provincial team 017 766 636 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDs) Deputy Head of NCDDs and TSDD-AF project H.E Ny Kimsan 11 970 565 1 manager 0

Table 15: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 1.55 km of Sampong Chey Canal subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Ms. Nheuk Srey Oun Head of Commune and Chairman 011 954 408 2 Mr. Nhgoun Long 1st deputy chief of commune 078 749 394 3 Ms. Khheum Sokny Commune council for women and children affairs 088 292 2452 4 Mr. Nouch Neath Head of Trapang Chhouk village 017 796 624 5 Mr. Tang Kim Heang Head of Bosh Tamom village 017 253 356 6 Mr. Khat Som Commune Clerk 095 330 504 Step 2: District authorities/Provincial project implementation unit 1 Mr. Yun Chhunleang Deputy district governor and chairman 012 373 720 2 Mr. Siem Pheng Officer for administration and finance (district) 012 901 482

66 No. Name Roles Contact no. 3 Ms. Em Chanthol Officer for gender (district focal point) 092 755 160 1 Mr. Hann Kosal Deputy provincial governor and chairman 012 446 856 2 Mr. Poy Sokchea PST Leader 012 909 026 3 Mr. Katam Sonavann Deputy director of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery 012 890 695 4 Mr U Chandy Deputy director of land management &urbanization 012 324 472 5 Mr. Hun Sary Deputy director of water resources and meteorology 011 976 437 6 Mr. Huot Nonratana Deputy director of rural development 011 888 864 7 Ms Sieng Vannlakhena Deputy director of women affairs 012 465 752 8 Mr. Dieb Mao Head-office of rural development (province) 012 476 333 9 Mr. Sin Montha Officer for administration and finance (province) 089 986 838 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDS) Deputy Head of NCDDS and TSDD-AF project H.E Ny Kimsan 11 970 565 1 manager 0

Table 16: Grievance Redress Committees for Construction of 1.35 km of Kraya lined Canal subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor 1 Mr. Keo Cheng Commune Chief 011 940 002 2 Mr. Phork Chamroeun Deputy 097 283 5556 3 Mr. Lourn Norn Deputy 097 403 5244 4 Mrs. Ponh Kol CCWCA 097 403 5244 5 Mr. Sam Y Commune Clerck 088 613 4138 6 Mr. Sim Chhin Village Chief-Trapeang Pring 097 2065 244 Step 2: District authorities/PST 1 Mr. Ou Line Vice Governor, 012 710 054 2 Mrs. Dith Vicheka DST, 095 567 447 4 1 H.E. Chan Dara Deputy Provincial Governor and Chairman 012 320 409 2 Mr. Shaw Paho PST Leader 092 849 087 3 Mrs. Sim Sunnary PGFP 017 779 598 4 Mr. Muong Samoeun 012 659 543 Step 3: NCDDs Deputy-chief of NCDDs and TSDD project 1 H.E Ny Kimsan 011 970 565 manager

67 Table 17: Grievance Redress Committees for Rehabilitation of 6.165 km of Chrouy Neang Nguon Canal subproject

No. Name Roles Contact no. Step 1: Village and commune authorities and contractor Chrouy Neang Nguon Head of Commune and 1 Mr. Keo Phy Chairman 097 7756 272 2 Mrs. Tum KimLay Chrouy Neang Nguon Deputy Commune Chief 088 3593 425 3 Mrs. Ouk Sophany Commune council for women and children affairs 071 9585 425 4 Mr. Chok Sam Ampou Deab village 088 8990 221 5 Mr. Song Long Commune clerk 097 9124 023 Step 2: District authorities/PST 1 Mr. Seang Kimseng District support team and chairman 097 972 4634 2 Mrs. Eab Soklean Chief of agriculture natural resource and environment 096 395 4977 3 Mrs. Moun Choy Addmin/Finance officer 017 271 216 1 H.E Ly Samreth Deputy provincial team 085 567 568 2 Mr. Doch Kimdam Chief of project provincial team 012 883 857 3 Mr. Brak Maryna Chief of agriculture coordinator 012 825 051 4 Mr. Tes Agkheatheara Admin/Finance officer 012 636 157 Step 3: National project implementation unit (NCDDs) 1 H.E Ny Kimsan Deputy Head of NCDDs and TSDD-AF project manager 011 970 565

68 Appendix 1: Consultation/Interview Form during Construction Phase

Date of Interview Interviewer Name

Interview Site: Stakeholder Name & Status: Where is the interview held? In Full name, status is school, on the road, business owner, school in shop teacher, religious leader, resident

Construction Site & Has this stakeholder been Date Construction interviewed before? Started Yes (when were they Which road, GPS interviewed) No location if available

Interview Discussion Points: 1. NOISE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person disturbed by noise? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the noise come from? E.g. traffic, machinery, people, music When did it disturb the person? E.g. all day, at night, intermittently

During the construction, is the person disturbed by noise from the project? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? All day, at night, intermittently?

If noise from construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

2. AIR QUALITY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person affected by air pollution or dust? If yes, explain how and when. Where did the pollution or dust come from? E.g. traffic, machinery, construction, burning garbage, cooking stoves When was the dust or pollution a problem?

69 E.g. all day, at night, intermittently

During the project, is the person disturbed by dust or pollution? If yes, explain how and when. What type of noise and where did the noise come from? E.g. increased traffic congestion, construction machinery, construction workers, burning construction garbage etc. When did it disturb the person? E.g. all day, at night, intermittently

If dust or air pollution from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

3. VEGETATION AND LAND USE Record of Discussion

Before the project started, what was the vegetation like in the project area? E.g. pasture land, trees, shrubs, rice fields.

During the project, has the person found the vegetation situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when.

If impact on vegetation is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are made?

4. COMMUNITY SAFETY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, can you describe the community safety situation in the project area? E.g. no problems, some accidents, difficulty crossing the roads

During the project, has the person found the community safety situation has changed? If yes, explain how and when. Slower traffic so easier to cross the roads, construction vehicles are making a crossing harder / easier, more accidents / less accidents, construction site dangers

If change in road safety is unacceptable, what changes does the person suggest are

70 made?

5. Occupational environmental health and safety including Covid-19

Mitigation measures of Covid-19 pandemic: Face-mask, temperature check, alcohol/soap.

Does the contractor provide any safe, suitable and comfortable accommodation?

Does the contractor provide First Aid Supplies and PPE?

Is it clean camp site or scatter waste?

Is there any designated H&S Officer available at site?

Is there any security guard or person who is responsible on security at site?

How many unskilled labour from within the villages have been hired?

Is there any thermometer equip at construction?

5. WATER QUALITY Record of Discussion

Before the project started, was the person affected by poor water quality? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How was it polluted?

During the project, is the person affected by water pollution? If yes, explain how and when. Ground water? Surface Water? Which Water source? How is quality being affected?

If water quality from the construction is a problem, what changes does the person suggest are made?

6. ACCESS Record of Discussion

71 During the project, is the person affected by reduced access to their business, home or land? Access to what is limited, and how?

If access limitations are not acceptable, please suggest changes which can be made?

7. OTHER ISSUES Record of Discussion

Any other issues about the construction sites that the person wants to discuss? E.g. wastewater concerns, waste disposal, Other concerns, labor force,

72 Appendix 2: GRM – Complaint Recording Form Staff Responsible: (name and role) Date: (of this record)

Date of Complaint:

Date Resolution Required by (15 days from initial complaint):

Complaint Made by:

(Name & Contact Details)

Method of Complaint: (direct to IA/EA, via

Contractor, Via Commune People’s Council)

Details of Complaint: (issues, actions taken so far, when did it start – all details needed)

PMU Actions: (Next steps for IA/EA to resolve the issue or to move complaint to next level)

Follow Up Actions Needed and Date: (IA/EA to follow up on resolution if needed, e.g. check contractor actions)

73