18th IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18th IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18thStability IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18thStability IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International StabilityBaku,18th IFAC Azerbaidschan, Conference Septon Technology, 13-15, 2018Available Culture and online International at www.sciencedirect.com StabilityBaku,18th IFAC Azerbaidschan, Conference Septon Technology, 13-15, 2018 Culture and International Baku,Stability Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku,Stability Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku, Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku, Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 ScienceDirect

IFAC PapersOnLine 51-30 (2018) 384–389 A Web-Geographical Information System for Real Time Monitoring of A Web-Geographical InformationArachthos River, System Greece for Real Time Monitoring of A Web-Geographical InformationArachthos River, System Greece for Real Time Monitoring of Arachthos River, Greece Thomas Athanasiou, DimitriArachthosos Salmas, Petros River, Karvelis, Greece Ioannis Angelis, Veronika Andrea, Thomas Athanasiou, Dimitrios Salmas, Petros Karvelis, Ioannis Angelis, Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Paraskeuas Schismenos, Maria Styliou, and Chrysostomos Stylios * LaboratoryParaskeuas of Knowledge Schismenos, and Intelligent Maria Computing Styliou, and Department Chrysostomos of Computer Stylios Engineering, * Laboratory of Knowledge and Intelligent Computing Department of Computer Engineering, * Laboratory of Knowledge and Intelligent Computing Department of Computer Engineering, * Laboratory of KnowledgeTechnological and EducationalIntelligent Computing Institute of Department Epirus Arta, of Greece Computer Engineering, (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou* Laboratory of ,Knowledge Technologicalsalmasdimitris and Educational,Intelligent pkarvelis, Computingange Institute, vandrea of Department Epirus, schismenos.p Arta, of Greece Computer, marystyl Engineering,, stylios}@kic.teiep.gr ). (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou, Technologicalsalmasdimitris Educational, pkarvelis, ange Institute, vandrea of Epirus, schismenos.p Arta, Greece, marystyl , stylios}@kic.teiep.gr). (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou, Technologicalsalmasdimitris Educational, pkarvelis, ange Institute, vandrea of Epirus, schismenos.p Arta, Greece, marystyl , stylios}@kic.teiep.gr). (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou, salmasdimitris, pkarvelis, ange, vandrea, schismenos.p, marystyl, stylios}@kic.teiep.gr). Abstract: The scope of this work is to present a Web-GIS that will monitor the broader area of Arachthos RiverAbstract: in order The scopeto serve of as this an work online is mechanism to present a for Web early-GIS warning that will and monitor mapping the of broader flood events area of. It Arachthos describes Abstract:River in order The scopeto serve of as this an work online is mechanism to present a for Web early-GIS warning that will and monitor mapping the of broader flood events area of. It Arachthos describes RiverAbstract:briefly in theorder The main scopeto serve technologies of as this an work online foris mechanism todevelop presenting a for Web a early web-GIS warning-based that will GIS and monitor mappingsystem the i.e.of broader flood mapping events area technologies,of. It Arachthos describes brieflyRiver in theorder main to serve technologies as an online for mechanism developing for a early web warning-based GIS and mappingsystem i.e.of flood mapping events technologies,. It describes developingbrieflyRiver in theorder databasemain to serve technologiess andas a nweb online applicationfor mechanism develops. Theing for aadvent early web warning- basedof client GIS and-side mappingsystem web mapping i.e.of flood mapping has events provided technologies,. It describes all the brieflydevelopingnecessary the tools databasemain to technologiesdevelops and web platforms applicationfor develop for creatings. Theing aadvent Webweb - basedbasedof client GeographicalGIS-side system web mapping Informationi.e. mapping has providedSystems technologies, (Weball the- developingnecessary tools database to develops and web platforms application for creatings. The advent Web basedof client Geographical-side web mapping Information has providedSystems (Weball the- necessarydevelopingGIS). 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The knowledge design and in operationgeographicalorder to improve of theand system decisionwater aimslevel making todata enhance processesthat are the visualiz andlocal efficient governmenting with crisisin theand management, Webrelative-GIS stakeholders’ platform in case .of The aknowledge flooddesign event and in; orderoperation to improve of the system decision aims making to enhance processes the andlocal efficient government crisis and management, relative stakeholders’ in case of aknowledge flood event in; while,orderoperation to another improve of the scope system decision is also aims making to tokeep enhance processesthe general the andlocal public efficient government informed crisis forand management, the relative case of stakeholders’ emergency in case of situation aknowledge flood .event in; orderwhile, to another improve scope decision is also making to keep processesthe general and public efficient informed crisis for management, the case of emergency in case of situationa flood .event ; while,Keywords:© 2018, another IFAC Web (Internationalscope-GIS, is Monitoring, also toFederation keep Decision the ofgeneral Automatic Support public Control)System, informed HostingFloods, for the byArachthos case Elsevier of emergency Ltd.River, All Hazards rights situation reserved.. . Keywords:while, another Web scope-GIS, is Monitoring, also to keep Decision the general Support public System, informed Floods, for the Arachthos case of emergency River, Hazards situation. . Keywords: Web-GIS, Monitoring, Decision Support System, Floods, Arachthos River, Hazards. Keywords: Web-GIS, Monitoring, Decision Support System, Floods, Arachthos River, Hazards.  Overlapping threats arising from climate change effects on  Overlapping threats arising from climate change effects on  Overlapping threats arising from climate change effects on  ecosystems,Overlapping economythreats arising and society from revealclimate that change there iseffects a need onto 1. INTRODUCTION Overlappingecosystems, economythreats arising and society from revealclimate that change there iseffects a need onto 1. 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Kolios etof al. natural, 2016 ;and Kolios other et disastersal., 2017 ;(Kolios Kolios etet alal.., 20152018); . Kolios et al., 2016; Kolios et al., 2017; Kolios et al., 2018)2015; . Kolios et al., 2016; Kolios et al., 2017; Kolios et al., Flood2018) . hazard maps have proven to be a useful tool in order to Flood2018) . hazard maps have proven to be a useful tool in order to preventFlood hazard flood mapsdamage have. Fig proven. 2 presents to be thea useful flood tool hazard in order map ofto preventFlood hazard flood mapsdamage have. Fig proven. 2 presents to be thea useful flood tool hazard in order map ofto ArachthospreventFlood hazard flood river mapsdamage for 2015have. Fig eventproven. 2 presents. It to is beof outmostthea useful flood importancetool hazard in order map that ofto Arachthosprevent flood river damage for 2015. Fig event. 2 presents. It is of outmostthe flood importance hazard map that of adArachthospreventvances flood on river ICT damage for technologies 2015. Fig event. 2 presents .and It is the of integrationoutmostthe flood importance hazard of intelligent map that of Arachthosadvances on river ICT for technologies 2015 event .and It is the of integrationoutmost importance of intelligent that algorithmsadArachthosvances on riverhave ICT for technologiesle d2015 to early event flood.and It is the ofwarning integrationoutmost system importance of intelligents that thatare adalgorithmsvances on have ICT technologiesled to early floodand the warning integration system of intelligents that are alwaysalgorithmsadvances set on have toICT promptly technologiesled to early inform floodand peoplethe warning integration about system ongoingof intelligents that andare algorithmsalways set haveto promptly led to early inform flood people warning about system ongoings that andare upcomingalwaysalgorithms set flood haveto promptly events,led to earlywhich inform flood in turnpeople warning enables about system them ongoing tos thatprevent andare Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. alwaysupcoming set flood to promptly events, which inform in turnpeople enables about them ongoing to prevent and Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. theupcomingalways loss ofset floodlife to andpromptly events, property which inform (Azam in turnpeople et alenables., 2017about them) . ongoing to prevent and Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. upcomingthe loss of floodlife and events, property which (Azam in turn et alenables., 2017 them). to prevent Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. theupcoming loss of floodlife and events, property which (Azam in turn et alenables., 2017 them). to prevent Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. the loss of life and property (Azam et al., 2017). Copyright2405-8963 © 2018,2018 IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control)384 Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 CopyrightPeer review © under 2018 responsibilityIFAC of International Federation of Automatic384 Control. Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.335 © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384

10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.11.335 2405-8963 18th IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18th IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18thStability IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International 18thStability IFAC Conference on Technology, Culture and International StabilityBaku,18th IFAC Azerbaidschan, Conference Septon Technology, 13-15, 2018 Culture and International IFAC TECIS 2018 StabilityBaku,18th IFAC Azerbaidschan, Conference Septon Technology, 13-15, 2018 Culture and International Baku,Stability Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku, Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Thomas Athanasiou et al. / IFAC PapersOnLine 51-30 (2018) 384–389 385 Baku,Stability Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku, Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018 Baku, Azerbaidschan, Sept 13-15, 2018

A Web-Geographical Information System for Real Time Monitoring of A Web-Geographical InformationArachthos River, System Greece for Real Time Monitoring of A Web-Geographical InformationArachthos River, System Greece for Real Time Monitoring of Arachthos River, Greece Thomas Athanasiou, DimitriArachthosos Salmas, Petros River, Karvelis, Greece Ioannis Angelis, Veronika Andrea, Thomas Athanasiou, Dimitrios Salmas, Petros Karvelis, Ioannis Angelis, Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Thomas AthanasiouParaskeuas, Dimitri Schismenos,os Salmas Maria, Petros Styliou, Karvelis, and IoannisChrysostomos Angelis, Stylios Veronika Andrea, Paraskeuas Schismenos, Maria Styliou, and Chrysostomos Stylios Paraskeuas Schismenos, Maria Styliou, and Chrysostomos Stylios * Laboratory of Knowledge and Intelligent Computing Department of Computer Engineering, * Laboratory of Knowledge and Intelligent Computing Department of Computer Engineering, * Laboratory of KnowledgeTechnological and EducationalIntelligent Computing Institute of Department Epirus Arta, of Greece Computer Engineering, * Laboratory of KnowledgeTechnological and EducationalIntelligent Computing Institute of Department Epirus Arta, of Greece Computer Engineering, (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou* Laboratory of ,Knowledge Technologicalsalmasdimitris and Educational,Intelligent pkarvelis, Computingange Institute, vandrea of Department Epirus, schismenos.p Arta, of Greece Computer, marystyl Engineering,, stylios}@kic.teiep.gr ). (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou, Technologicalsalmasdimitris Educational, pkarvelis, ange Institute, vandrea of Epirus, schismenos.p Arta, Greece, marystyl , stylios}@kic.teiep.gr). (e-mail: {thomas.athanasiou, salmasdimitris, pkarvelis, ange, vandrea, schismenos.p, marystyl, stylios}@kic.teiep.gr). (e-mail:Abstract: {thomas.athanasiou The scope of, thissalmasdimitris work is to ,present pkarvelis a Web, ange-GIS, vandrea that will, schismenos.p monitor the, broadermarystyl area, stylios}@kic.teiep.gr of Arachthos ). Abstract: The scope of this work is to present a Web-GIS that will monitor the broader area of Arachthos Abstract:River in order The scopeto serve of as this an work online is mechanism to present a for Web early-GIS warning that will and monitor mapping the of broader flood events area of. It Arachthos describes Abstract:River in order The scopeto serve of as this an work online is mechanism to present a for Web early-GIS warning that will and monitor mapping the of broader flood events area of. It Arachthos describes Fig. 2: Flood hazard map as displayed in our Web-GIS. RiverAbstract:briefly in theorder The main scopeto serve technologies of as this an work online for is mechanism todevelop presenting a for Web a early web-GIS warning-based that will GIS and monitor mappingsystem the i.e.of broader flood mapping events area technologies,of. It Arachthos describes brieflyRiver in theorder main to serve technologies as an online for mechanism developing for a early web warning-based GIS and mappingsystem i.e.of flood mapping events technologies,. It describes brieflyRiverdeveloping in theorder databasemain to serve technologiess andas a nweb online applicationfor mechanism develops. Theing for aadvent early web warning- basedof client GIS and-side mappingsystem web mapping i.e.of flood mapping has events provided technologies,. It describes all the State-of-the-art flood early warning systems use Fig.3: The Arachthos river with its two dams, Pournari I and developingbriefly the databasemain technologiess and web applicationfor develops. Theing aadvent web- basedof client GIS-side system web mapping i.e. mapping has provided technologies, all the necessarydevelopingbriefly the tools databasemain to technologiesdevelops and web platforms applicationfor develop for creatings. Theing aadvent Webweb - basedbasedof client GeographicalGIS-side system web mapping Informationi.e. mapping has providedSystems technologies, (Weball the- meteorological information, water level data and also remote Pournari II. developingGIS).necessary The tools databaseinformation to develops and system web platforms application combines for creatings .data The adventderiving Web basedof fromclient Geographical different-side web sourcesmapping Information such has providedmeteorological,Systems (Weball the- GIS).necessary The tools information to develop system platforms combines for creating data deriving Web based from Geographical different sources Information such meteorological,Systems (Web- satellite monitoring data (optionally) as input sources The climate of the study area is temperate, mild, changing to necessarygeographicalGIS). The tools information and to waterdevelop systemlevel platforms data combines that for are creating datavisualiz deriving Webing basedwith fromin Geographical thedifferent Web- GISsources Information platform such. Themeteorological,Systems design (Web and- geographicalGIS). The information and water systemlevel data combines that are datavisualiz derivinging with fromin thedifferent Web- GISsources platform such. Themeteorological, design and (Pengelet al., 2013). Usually they are based on real-time continental while moving east and mountainous. The absolute GIS).operationgeographical The of information theand system water aimssystemlevel todata combinesenhance that are the datavisualiz local deriving governmenting with fromin theanddifferent Webrelative- GISsources stakeholders’ platform such. Themeteorological, knowledge design and in operationgeographical of theand system water aimslevel todata enhance that are the visualiz local governmenting within theand Webrelative-GIS stakeholders’ platform. The knowledge design and in monitoring (Quansah et al., 2010) and all the relevant maximum and minimum temperatures are at 41 °C during the geographicalorderoperation to improve of theand system decisionwater aimslevel making todata enhance processesthat are the visualiz andlocal efficient governmenting with crisisin theand management, Webrelative-GIS stakeholders’ platform in case .of The aknowledge flood design event and in; orderoperation to improve of the system decision aims making to enhance processes the andlocal efficient government crisis and management, relative stakeholders’ in case of aknowledge flood event in; information are fed into an interactive decision support system. summer and -7.2 °C during the winter respectively (Vriniotis operationwhile,order to another improve of the scope system decision is also aims making to tokeep enhance processesthe general the andlocal public efficient government informed crisis forand management, the relative case of stakeholders’ emergency in case of situation aknowledge flood .event in; while,order to another improve scope decision is also making to keep processesthe general and public efficient informed crisis for management, the case of emergency in case of situationa flood .event ; The two main objectives of such systems are: a) to assist public and Papadopoulou, 2004). Upstream of the city of Arta, the orderwhile, to another improve scope decision is also making to keep processesthe general and public efficient informed crisis for management, the case of emergency in case of situationa flood .event ; Keywords:while, another Web scope-GIS, is Monitoring, also to keep Decision the general Support public System, informed Floods, for the Arachthos case of emergency River, Hazards situation. . authorities and citizens in choosing the appropriate flood Arachthos river meets in turn a hydroelectric dam (Pournari I), while,Keywords: another Web scope-GIS, is Monitoring, also to keep Decision the general Support public System, informed Floods, for the Arachthos case of emergency River, Hazards situation. . Keywords: Web-GIS, Monitoring, Decision Support System, Floods, Arachthos River, Hazards. protection measures and actions and in managing emergency which is the second largest dam in Greece after the Mornos Keywords: Web-GIS, Monitoring, Decision Support System, Floods, Arachthos River, Hazards. Keywords: Web-GIS, Monitoring, Decision Support System, Floods, Arachthos River, Hazards. situations (Krzhizhanovskaya et al., 2011) and b) to serve as a  dam and a regulating dam (Pournari II), to control the outflows  Overlapping threats arising from climate change effects on web-based information source for the public, responding to  Overlapping threats arising from climate change effects on of Pournari I and irrigation of arable land, as Figure 3 shows.  Overlappingecosystems, economythreats arising and society from revealclimate that change there iseffects a need onto their needs for information on flooding conditions and the 1. INTRODUCTION ecosystems,Overlapping economythreats arising and society from revealclimate that change there iseffects a need onto Following its path, Arachthos river crosses the plain of Arta 1. INTRODUCTION ecosystems,Overlappingcreate and in economythreats turn to arising andimprove society from an reveal climateability that changeof there individual iseffects a need and onto possibility of the river overflow. The developed system is 1. INTRODUCTION createecosystems, and in economy turn to andimprove society an reveal ability that of there individual is a need and to with a length of about 28 km, from the city of Arta to the Climate change issues1. INTRODUCTION are now becoming more urgent than createecosystems,collective and decisionin economy turn -tomaking andimprove society in an revealorder ability thatto of there enactindividual is aeffective need and to composed of three major components: sensor network, Climate change issues1. INTRODUCTION are now becoming more urgent than collectivecreate and decisionin turn -tomaking improve in anorder ability to of enactindividual effective and estuaries of Amvrakikos Gulf (MINISTRY OF Climateever concerning change issuesnot only are academics now becoming but also more policy urgent decision than collectivecreateresponses and indecisionin caseturn -toofmaking improveemergency, in anorder abilitynamely to of risk enactindividual assessment effective and processing/transmission unit, and database/application server. Climateever concerning change issuesnot only are academics now becoming but also more policy urgent decision than responsescollective indecision case -ofmaking emergency, in order namely to riskenact assessment effective ENVIRONMENT & ENERGY, 2018). everClimatemakers concerning inchange terms issuesofnot organizations only are academics now becomingand butmanagement also more policy urgent in decision general than responsescollectivestrategy. Risk indecision caseassessment, -ofmaking emergency, constitutes in order namely a processto riskenact showingassessment effective the The real-time water level data and weather conditions are evermakers concerning in terms ofnot organizations only academics and butmanagement also policy in decision general strategyresponses. Risk in caseassessment, of emergency, constitutes namely a process risk showingassessment the makersever(Daddi concerning etin al terms., 2018 ofnot) .organizations Oneonly of academics the most and demanding butmanagement also policy challenge in decision general that strategyresponsesunderstanding. Risk in caseofassessment, nature of emergency,and constitutes also the levelnamely a processof risk risk based showingassessment on Risk the transmitted to the application server by utilizing the mobile makers(Daddi etin al terms., 2018 of) .organizations One of the most and demanding management challenge in general that understandingstrategy. 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STUDY AREA 2018)2015consequences; . Kolios etof al. natural, 2016 ;and Kolios other et disastersal., 2017 ;(Kolios Kolios etet alal.., 2018)2015; . Kolios et al., 2016; Kolios et al., 2017; Kolios et al., The study area includes part of Arachthos River as well as its Fig.4: The architecture of the proposed Web-GIS. Flood2018)2015; . hazardKolios mapset al. ,have 2016 proven; Kolios to etbe ala .useful, 2017 tool; Kolios in order et al to., Flood2018) . hazard maps have proven to be a useful tool in order to broadest catchment area. With 110 km length and 2,209 km² preventFlood2018) . hazard flood mapsdamage have. Fig proven. 2 presents to be thea useful flood tool hazard in order map ofto preventFlood hazard flood mapsdamage have. Fig proven. 2 presents to be thea useful flood tool hazard in order map ofto catchment area, Arachthos River is the largest river in Epirus 3.1 Client FloodArachthosprevent hazard flood river mapsdamage for 2015have. Fig eventproven. 2 presents. It to is beof outmostthea useful flood importancetool hazard in order map that ofto preventArachthos flood river damage for 2015. Fig event. 2 presents. It is of outmostthe flood importance hazard map that of and the 8th largest nationally. It has its springs in northern preventadArachthosvances flood on river ICT damage for technologies 2015. Fig event. 2 presents .and It is the of integrationoutmostthe flood importance hazard of intelligent map that of The client component is divided into three main parts. The first Arachthosadvances on river ICT for technologies 2015 event .and It is the of integrationoutmost importance of intelligent that Pindos, specifically Mount Lakmona, at Oxyas-Despotis at Arachthosalgorithmsadvances on riverhave ICT for technologiesle d2015 to early event flood.and It is the ofwarning integrationoutmost system importance of intelligents that thatare part is the front-end development where there are used the adalgorithmsvances on have ICT technologiesled to early floodand the warning integration system of intelligents that are altitude of 1,700 m, leading to the northeast of the Amvrakikos adalwaysalgorithmsvances set on have toICT promptly technologiesled to early inform floodand peoplethe warning integration about system ongoingof intelligents that andare following scripting languages: Javascript, HTML,CSS and algorithmsalways set haveto promptly led to early inform flood people warning about system ongoings that andare sea gulf. In his tributaries included Kalarrytikos, Zagoritikos algorithmsupcomingalways set flood haveto promptly events,led to earlywhich inform flood in turnpeople warning enables about system them ongoing tos thatprevent andare Jquery. Those scripting languages are used to develop the Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. alwaysupcoming set flood to promptly events, which inform in turnpeople enables about them ongoing to prevent and and Metsovitikos (MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT & Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. alwaystheupcoming loss ofset floodlife to andpromptly events, property which inform (Azam in turnpeople et alenables., 2017about them) . ongoing to prevent and functionality and the template of the Web-GIS. The second Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. upcomingthe loss of floodlife and events, property which (Azam in turn et alenables., 2017 them). to prevent ENERGY, 2018). Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. upcomingthe loss of floodlife and events, property which (Azam in turn et alenables., 2017 them). to prevent part is the geographical data visualization module where Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. the loss of life and property (Azam et al., 2017). Fig. 1: The impact of flooding in Arta Greece, 2015. the loss of life and property (Azam et al., 2017). Javascript and the Google Maps API (Google Maps Platform, Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384 385 Copyright © 2018 IFAC 384

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2018) are applied in order to visualize the geographical data Web-GIS are handled with the Apache Web Server in order to on a responsive map. The third part of the client is the display respond to multiple requests, simultaneous connections as well of the meteorological data that include a number of weather as to handle static files. parameters such as rainfall, wind speed, wind direction and Data acquisition barometric pressure. All these data are represented as a time series plot using the lightweight but yet powerful Javascript In order to acquire all the data from the external sources library Dygraph. More details for each of the parts of the client Node.js is used as shown in Figure 5. This is a JavaScript run- are described below: time environment which allows server-side scripting. The Javascript functions executing in the server before the content Web page Design - Template is sent to the client web browser (Node.js Foundation, n.d.). The front-end part of the Web-GIS is created with the combination of HTML5/ CSS/ JavaScript/Jquery. With the use of those scripting languages a full responsive website is created. The responsive design is used to ensure that the users could have a good viewing experience in any device (mobile or tablet). HTML5 is used for the creation of the elements of the web pages and the CSS is used to create the style of the web page. The JavaScript is responsible to load the scripts of the Web-GIS and finally the system makes use of AJAX from the JQuery (J Query, n.d) in order to load the data from the database. Display Map The Google Maps API provides a set of tools to visualize the Fig.5: An illustrative example of the node.js functionality. geographical data. Those tools vary and help us to plot the 3.4 Database different layers. Maps JavaScript API version 3 is used to plot markers and the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files, are The communication between the front-end and the back-end representing a different set of data for each case (Google Maps of the platform is achieved through JQuery and PHP. PHP Platform, 2018). KML file formats are a special type of files works as an intermediary to the front-end and the back-end used in order to display geographic data. providing SQL queries to the database. Then, the results are used by the Google API functions to visualise the data. Time Series plot Dygraphs is an open source JavaScript library (Dygraphs, n.d). 4. DATA USED AND DISPLAY This library provides a set of tools in order to create the real- time charts of the meteorological data which are stored in our The Enhydris portal is used in order to retrieve data from four database. Due to the large number of data that are received different meteorological stations. Those stations are installed from six meteorological stations a library that can handle dense at nearby villages of Kampi, Kommeno, Kompoti and at data sets is required. facilities of the Technological Institute of Epirus in Kostakioi, Arta. The grid of the meteorological stations can be accessed 3.2 External Sources by the Web-GIS system which is displayed in Figure 6. Enhydris is an open-source database system which provides meteorological and hydrological data from stations located all over Greece. The access to the Enhydris data is free and the Enhydris API provides data every ten minutes data such as rainfall, temperature, wind speed and wind direction (Christofides et al. 2011). The API is an application programming interface which allows the interaction of one software with another. It defines a set of rules or methods so that to interact with other software in order to obtain specific information. Using web requests to the Enhydris APIall the meteorological data are being retrieved and visualized. Finally, the data are being processed and stored in the created database in a suitable form for future processing. 3.3 Web Server Web-GIS is running through a web server that handles all the requests from clients and it is also responsible for data acquisition and storage into the database. An HTTP server uses the http protocol and can deliver content like web pages or web Fig.6: The location of the meteorological stations displayed in applications to the end-users device. The HTTP services of the our Web-GIS.

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2018) are applied in order to visualize the geographical data Web-GIS are handled with the Apache Web Server in order to From those stations the meteorological parameters of wind on a responsive map. The third part of the client is the display respond to multiple requests, simultaneous connections as well direction, wind speed, rainfall and temperature data are of the meteorological data that include a number of weather as to handle static files. retrieved and stored in the database. The measurement units of parameters such as rainfall, wind speed, wind direction and each of meteorological parameter are illustrated at Table 1. Data acquisition barometric pressure. All these data are represented as a time Table 1. Meteorological Parameters and their units. series plot using the lightweight but yet powerful Javascript In order to acquire all the data from the external sources library Dygraph. More details for each of the parts of the client Node.js is used as shown in Figure 5. This is a JavaScript run- Meteorological Parameter Top are described below: time environment which allows server-side scripting. The Javascript functions executing in the server before the content Web page Design - Template Wind Speed m/s is sent to the client web browser (Node.js Foundation, n.d.). Rainfall Mm The front-end part of the Web-GIS is created with the Temperature °C combination of HTML5/ CSS/ JavaScript/Jquery. With the use Pressure Mb of those scripting languages a full responsive website is created. The responsive design is used to ensure that the users Fig. 9 :The water level in meters in Neochori Bridge. Figure 7 illustrates the wind speed data received from a could have a good viewing experience in any device (mobile specific meteorological station, which was selected at Web- or tablet). HTML5 is used for the creation of the elements of In order to develop a flood hazard zone heatmap a number of GIS. the web pages and the CSS is used to create the style of the points are extracted for which the length of the cross - section web page. The JavaScript is responsible to load the scripts of is less than 50 m as it is shown in Figure 10. The total number the Web-GIS and finally the system makes use of AJAX from of points extracted are twenty-one and they are all located the JQuery (J Query, n.d) in order to load the data from the downstream of the new Bridge of Arta. database. Display Map The Google Maps API provides a set of tools to visualize the Fig.5: An illustrative example of the node.js functionality. geographical data. Those tools vary and help us to plot the 3.4 Database different layers. Maps JavaScript API version 3 is used to plot markers and the Keyhole Markup Language (KML) files, are The communication between the front-end and the back-end representing a different set of data for each case (Google Maps of the platform is achieved through JQuery and PHP. PHP Platform, 2018). KML file formats are a special type of files works as an intermediary to the front-end and the back-end used in order to display geographic data. providing SQL queries to the database. Then, the results are used by the Google API functions to visualise the data. Time Series plot

Fig.7: The time series display of the wind speed. Dygraphs is an open source JavaScript library (Dygraphs, n.d). 4. DATA USED AND DISPLAY This library provides a set of tools in order to create the real- time charts of the meteorological data which are stored in our The Enhydris portal is used in order to retrieve data from four Web-GIS illustrates also the data on water levels at the area of database. Due to the large number of data that are received different meteorological stations. Those stations are installed two Bridges of Arachthos river, Arta (Figure 8) and Neochori from six meteorological stations a library that can handle dense at nearby villages of Kampi, Kommeno, Kompoti and at (Figure 9). Fig. 10: The Extraction of a point for which the river cross - data sets is required. facilities of the Technological Institute of Epirus in Kostakioi, section is less than 50 m. Arta. The grid of the meteorological stations can be accessed 3.2 External Sources by the Web-GIS system which is displayed in Figure 6. After the extraction of the points of interest, Google Maps API Enhydris is an open-source database system which provides is used to construct a flood hazard heatmap as shown in Figure meteorological and hydrological data from stations located all 11. over Greece. The access to the Enhydris data is free and the Enhydris API provides data every ten minutes data such as rainfall, temperature, wind speed and wind direction (Christofides et al. 2011). The API is an application programming interface which allows the interaction of one software with another. It defines a set of rules or methods so that to interact with other software in order to obtain specific information. Using web requests to the Enhydris APIall the meteorological data are being retrieved and visualized. Finally, the data are being processed and stored in the created Fig. 8 : The water level in meters in Arta Bridge. database in a suitable form for future processing.

3.3 Web Server Web-GIS is running through a web server that handles all the requests from clients and it is also responsible for data acquisition and storage into the database. An HTTP server uses the http protocol and can deliver content like web pages or web Fig.6: The location of the meteorological stations displayed in applications to the end-users device. The HTTP services of the our Web-GIS.

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(b) Fig. 12: (a)The riverbed and (b) the river zone of the River Arachthos, Greece.

Fig. 11: The extracted flood hazard heatmap. The extracted road network near the river Arachthos is displayed at Figure 13. The riverbed as well as the river zone of the River Arachthos are extracted. Figure 12 displays an example of the Arachthos River Zone.

Fig. 13: The road network displayed next to Arachthos river.

(a)

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6. CONCLUSIONS Kolios, S., Vorobev,A.,VorobevaG., and Stylios, C.(2017). GIS and Environmental Monitoring: Application in the This work presents a Web-based GIS platform for the Marine, Atmospheric and Geomagnetic Fields, Springer. monitoring of river flood and risk prediction along the Kolios, S.,Stylios, C.,Petunin, A. (2015).A WebGIS platform riversides of Arachthos. The architecture and the main to monitor environmental conditions in ports and their technical details are described and there is also presented how surroundings.In South Eastern Europe.Environmental to integrate and display different type of information. Monitoring and Assessment. The integrated information system for flood events Kolios,S., Loukadakis, D., Stylios, C., Kazantzidis, A., and monitoring, management and early warning is expected to Petunin, A. (2016) A WebGIS Application for Cloud encourage stakeholders’ participation in decision making Storm Monitoring. In: G. Arnicans, V. Arnicane, J. procedures in order to improve the efficiency and promptness Borzovs, L. Niedrite (Eds.): Databases and Information in flood crisis management for the broader area o Arachthos Systems. Proceedings of 12th International Baltic basin. Conference, DB&IS 2016, Riga, Latvia. (615),151–163. Kolios, S., Karvelis, P., and Stylios C. (2018). Web-based Geographical Information System for Real-Time Flood ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Monitoring of the River Arachthos in Epirus Region, This study is funded by the Operational Programme “Epirus” Greece. In: Proceedings of the 10th International 2014-2020, entitled “Integrated information system for flood Conference on Advances in Satellite and Space events monitoring, management and early warning in the Communications SPACOMM 2018, 28-32. wider area of Arachthos", Priority Axis 2 “Environmental Krzhizhanovskaya, V.V., Shirshov, G.S., Melnikova, N.B., Protection and Sustainable Growth”, Co-financed by the Belleman, R.G., Rusadi, F.I.,.Broekhuijsen, B.J, Gouldby, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). B.P., Lhomme, J., Balis, B., Bubak, M., Pyayt, A.L., Mokhov, I.I., Ozhigin, A.V., Lang, B., and Meijer, R.J. (2011). Flood early warning system: design, (b) REFERENCES implementation and computational modules, Procedia Fig. 12: (a)The riverbed and (b) the river zone of the River Adger, W., Brown, I. and Surminski, S. (2018). Advances in Computer Science, (4), 106-115. Arachthos, Greece. risk assessment for climate change adaptation policy, Masinde, M. and Bagula,A., (2011). 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Warning Systems: A Review, Journal of Terrestrial Georgoulas, G., Karvelis, P., Kolios, S., and Stylios, C. (2016). Observation, 2. Examining nominal and ordinal classifiers for forecasting Smith, D.M., Wilcox, K.R., Power, S.A., Tissue D.T. and wind speed. In: Proceedings of 2016 IEEE 8th Knapp, A.K. (2017).Assessing community and ecosystem International Conference on Intelligent Systems (IS'16), sensitivity to climate change – toward a more comparative 3-5 September 2016, Sofia, Bulgaria. 504-509. approach, Journal of Vegetation Science, (28), 235–237. Google Maps Platform.(2018). Maps JavaScript API.[online] Sunkpho, ,J. and Ootamakorn,C.(2011). Real-time flood Google. Available at: monitoring and warning system. Songklanakarin J. Sci. https://developers.google.com/maps/documentation/javas Technol.,(33), pp227-235. cript/tutorial [Accessed 22 May 2018]. Vriniotis, D.andPapadopoulou, K. (2004). The role of Louros JQuery, (n.d).[online] jQuery. 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