TRANSPORTATION

18. South Coast Visakhapatnam Vijayawada, Guntur, Guntakal and section of Waltair

UNESCO WOLRD HERITAGE SITES – - Indian Railways' fastest engineless - the Vande Bharat Express - also known as Train 18, has been flagged off by PM recently on the Delhi- route. • The Vande Bharat Express covers the distance between Delhi and Varanasi in 8 hours, stopping at only two stations – and Prayagraj. • The high speed train has been manufactured in a record time of 18 months by the (ICF), under the government's 'Make in ' programme. • Vande Bharat Express currently plies between and Varanasi and can go up to a maximum speed of 160 kmph thereby reducing the travel time for passengers. The are designed to replace all trains of Indian Railways. • It is slated to run on 3 routes identified by the Railway Ministry namely, Bengaluru- Mangaluru route, Mangaluru-Hyderabad route and Mangaluru-Chennai route.

Roads and Highways Classification of Roads: 1. National Highways: These roads are of prime importance for the country and connect large cities and big industrial centers. There development and maintenance is the responsibility of the central government.

2. State Highways: These roads connect all the important centers of industry, trade and commerce of the states and the national highways. There responsibility of the development and maintenance lies with the state government.

3. District Roads: These roads connect different parts of the district, important industrial centers and market centers and usually lead to local railway stations. The responsibility of development and maintenance lies with the local government.

4. Rural Roads: These are roads found in the villages and are usually of two types: pukka (metal) and kaccha (non metal). The responsibility of maintenance and development lies with the local government.

National Highways- New numbering system

As per the new numbering system: • All north-south oriented highways will have even numbers increasing from the east to the west • All east-west oriented highways will have odd numbers increasing from the north to the south.

• All major Highways will be single digit or double digit in number • Three-digit numbered highways are secondary routes or branches of a main highway. The secondary route number is prefixed to the number of the main highway. For example, 144, 244, 344 etc. will be the branches of the main NH44 • Suffixes A, B, C, D etc. are added to the three-digit sub highways to indicate very small spin-offs or stretches of sub-highways

Air transport

National Waterways in India • There are 111 officially notified Inland National Waterways (NWs) in India identified for the purposes of inland water transport, as per The National Waterways Act, 2016. • Out of the 111 NWs, 106 were created in 2016. The NW network covers around 20,275.5 km. • NW-1, 2, & 3 are already operational. Cargo as well as passenger / cruise vessels are plying on these waterways. Detailed Project Report(DPR) for development of NW-4 & 5 was completed in 2010. The DPR of NW 5 was updated in 2014. • For the newly declared 106 NWs, techno- economic feasibility studies have been initiated.