Council of Baccalaureate Faculties Is Proposed Members of the Educational Council, at a special meet- 4. To seek methods of identifying both generally able ing on , will take under consideration a proposal and specially gifted students, and of helping them to for a Council of the Baccalaureate Faculties of the Univer- realize their capabilities. sity, to be established as a means of enriching the mutual 5. To explore ways of stimulating students to assume associations among the various baccalaureate programs responsibility for their own educations at the earliest pos- and giving students a more broadly based, fully integrated sible stage, and of giving latitude to students who have education. The special meeting will not affect the Educa- already demonstrated intellectual maturity. tional Council's regularly scheduled session, to be held on 6. To foster uniformity in basic procedural require- Thursday, , at 4 P.M. in the Benjamin Franklin ments among the several undergraduate schools. Room of Houston Hall. 7. To maintain a continuing, careful regard for the Prior to consideration by the Council, the proposal will standards by which baccalaureate degrees are awarded, so be reviewed by the University Senate at its next regular that they are in harmony with the University's objectives meeting, on Tuesday, , at 1 P.M. in Room W-l, and not unduly influenced by considerations of immediate Dietrich Hall. utility. 8. To Essence of the proposal is the establishment of a council encourage experimentation with interschool and efforts, consisting of seven deans of the undergraduate schools, interdepartmental joint appointments and assign- ments, new curricular seven representatives of the faculties of these schools, approaches, instructional devices and as a seven representatives elected at large by these faculties techniques means of advancing the intellectual and from among their members, and up to five appointed power attainment of students. The "has members of the graduate and professional schools. The University not made the most of its oppor- tunities as a chairman of the Council would be appointed by the university centered in a community unusually President. rich in scientific, cultural, social, economic and industrial institutions," the The of the Council are to focus attention on introduction to the revised proposal objectives states. "Nor has it made the most of its and promote excellence in undergraduate liberal educa- unique advantage tion; to new and to stimulate student among universities; namely, the geographic propinquity of explore approaches, a educational Its are to make remarkable diverse academic community whose members responsibility. powers mainly are recommendations the Provost to the several unusually versatile and experienced in both graduate through and faculties and to the Educational Council. It also or- undergraduate programs. may "In of its historic ganize special studies and experimental programs, and consequence segmentation among schools," the introduction continued, "the curricula have represent the interest of the faculties in the Offices of Admissions and Student Aid. tended to become unduly narrow and professionalized, and growth toward catholicity and liberalization has been In detail, the proposal as revised last month sees the artificially restricted." purposes and functions of the Baccalaureate Council as The concept of a Baccalaureate Council grew out of a eight in number. Briefly, these are: proposal originally made by President Harnwell in 1957, 1. To focus the attention of undergraduate schools, which in turn was in accord with criticisms and and on the suggestions departments faculty members basic policies made in the report of the Educational As a means deemed most to Survey. likely promote excellence in undergraduate of carrying out one of the recommendations, the education. Survey's concentration of education in the liberal 2. To the undergraduate promote broadest concept of a liberal edu- arts and sciences with education at cation, "so professional mainly imaginatively conceived as to incite students the graduate level, the President conceived a Baccalaur- to exert their efforts to learn and to greatest profit." eate Faculty .to administer the undergraduate educational 3. To of and method in emphasize liberality concept programs. the organization of curricula and presentation of courses. (Continued on page three)

2 THE ALMANAC

Need Help in Teaching? Dr. Gordon Reports on Here's Just the Machine Advanced Placement Program The admission to freshman courses of For the teacher harassed by the need of constant drill college high school with advanced is not to in fundamentals, relief is in sight, in the form of a teaching graduates standing likely machine. shorten such students' regular four-year college course, nor to lower the of freshman courses, Dr. James Dr. Galanter, Associate Professor in the Uni- quality Eugene D. Gordon, Advanced Placement Officer of the University, Department of is one of a number of versity's , declared recently. experts in his field working to perfect a device, now in Dr. Gordon, an Associate Professor of English, the experimental stage, which will make possible the reported to the March 17 meeting of the Educational Council on mechanical teaching of easily formulated fundamentals. the present status of his program. In answer to general The machine, which makes use of thousands of units questions on the subject, he said no detailed study has yet containing questions on the subject being studied, even- been made at this University as to the performance of tually can take over the drudgery of repetitive, rote Advanced Placement students, but that studies elsewhere and leave the teaching teacher free to carry on the truly reveal they do at least as well as other students. educative part of his work, Dr. Galanter predicts. The project, said Dr. Gordon, may shorten the four-year Now tested on being primary and secondary pupils college course for the exceptional student, but it is not the of several through cooperation private schools in the likely to speed up so many as to affect the general organi- area, the teaching machine has the added advantage-a zation of studies in the near future. crucial one in educational psychology-of correcting im- "Is there that in the hands of the any danger secondary mediately pupil's mistakes, and of permitting each school teachers and administrators the of to learn at his own quality college pupil rate. freshman courses will be lowered?" he was asked. Courses of in Russian, study elementary general psy- "At present the danger does not seem to be serious," chology, and elementary spelling have been prepared thus he said, it is a that must be in far for use in the machine. Each course will "though possibility kept ultimately mind. As advanced courses in schools become more involve the of 6,000 to 12,000 items in high preparation each established in American education, should area. generally they properly become the concern of the regional accrediting The tremendous task of such a course "programming" agencies. In the meantime, as long as the quality of the is complicated by the need to determine the order in which placement examinations is well maintained and the grant- should be asked. This, Dr. Galanter, specific questions says ing of credit remains under the control of the faculty, the is more difficult than selecting the questions to be asked. advantage of attracting the most desirable students to the Once the proper order of questioning is established, he university outweighs the danger of lowered standards." states, students learn much faster than the usual may by Asked if there is any connection between Advanced teaching methods. Placement and General Honors, Dr. Gordon said there "The object in the use of teaching machines is not to was no formal connection, but that since both programs have students complete school sooner, but to have them are intended for the same type of student, a large degree levels reach higher of education in the same length of of overlapping should be expected. time," says Dr. Galanter. It may be possible through use he of the machines, believes, for a student to get a master's pupil with a series of questions, and they demand a con- or doctor of in the same 16 it now philosophy degree years tinuous, active response of the learner. But one type em- takes him to his bachelor's get degree. ploys multiple-choice questions; the other, questions which The two types of teaching machines now being tested may be answered by a write-in. have two characteristics in common: they present the (Continued on page three)

DR. GALANTER MUSES AND TALKS ON THE SUBJECT OF TEACHING MACHINES:

The limitations of machine We have only scratched the "We are bound to run into 14/hen they occur, we shall teaching have not yet been re- surface. The potentialities seem snags. At the moment these are have to face them and revise vealed to us." unlimited." hard to anticipate." what we are doing."

3

Students Plan and Carry Out Dr. Yeh to Head Towne School Dr. Hsuan Yeh, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Design for Flower Show has been appointed director of the newly organized Towne School of Civil and Mechanical effective Graduate students in Landscape Architecture at the Engineering, Fine Arts last month for their July 1, when the Towne School will be established by School of won compliments the Schools of Civil and Mechanical design and construction of the Spring Welcoming Flower merging present Easter Week. Engineering. Show held at Rittenhouse Square during Before to the in 1956, Dr. Yeh served the ambitious at the coming University Their design, most yet attempted successively as an assistant and instructor at M.I.T., and show, featured four bamboo pavilions leading into the as research associate, assistant and associate the where the focal of the professor, central area of square, point professor at Johns Hopkins. display was an umbrella-shaped weeping cherry specimen. A native of China, he was in 1936 from the center of the were defined tall graduated Walks into park by Chiao-Tung University, Shanghai, with the degree of hedges of pine and birch. Bachelor of Science. He served nine years in the Chinese Patio areas with tables and chairs were created to effect Nationalist Air Force and attained the rank of major. a sidewalk cafe atmosphere. Easter lilies floated in the After coming to this country, he won scholarships at Rittenhouse pool, and forsythia, daffodils, azaleas, tulips M.I.T., where he took the degree of Master of Science in and hyacinths were included in the overall display. 1944 and Doctor of Science in 1950. The annual project was carried out in cooperation with Dr. Yeh has been active in research in fluid dynamics, the Center City Residents' Association, Fairmount Park gas turbine design, and aerodynamic design, and has made Commission, and City of . numerous contributions to technical publications. He is a The design problem was set by Karl Linn, Associate member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Professor of Landscape Architecture. Judges for the de- Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences, and American sign included Raymond T. Entenmann, curator of the Rocket Society, among others. School of the Academy of the Fine Arts; W. H. Noble, executive director of the Fairmount Park Commission; Ian L. McHarg, Chairman of the Department New Museum Find at Tikal of Landscape Architecture at the School of Fine Arts, Excavators of the Museum at Tikal, and Mr. Linn. University working the ancient Mayan ceremonial center in northern Guate- mala, have unearthed a magnificently carved Early Period TEACH stela, or stone monument, believed to be about 1500 years (Continued from page two) old. In the first type, confronted by a choice of several The monument, discovered April 7, bears the Mayan answers to the question the machine propounds, the stu- date 9.0.10.0.0. 7 Ahau 3 Yax, corresponding to October dent must make a correct selection, by pushing the suitable 19, 445 A.D. It was found standing in its original position button, before he can go on to another question. No within a deeply-buried structure below the central temple second question "lights up" until the first has been an- of the North Acropolis, facing the great plaza of Tikal. swered properly. Discovered with it was a large tomb which promises further disclosures, but which has been In the second type, once the answer has been entered important not completely the student on a small write-in tab, it is slid beneath excavated. by a small of the a plastic cover. The student then determines whether it is Only portion back and right side of the or it with the answer that is stela has been uncovered thus far. The back is covered by right wrong by comparing 160 carved in now exposed. The student corrects his answer before exquisitely hieroglyphs, eight vertical and 20 on to the next horizontal rows. This block of Mayan text is preceded by going question. a The side has four The machine does all this, Dr. Galanter out, large hieroglyph. right rows of three points glyphs each above a handsome standing human figure, without emotional involvement. "It never scolds or gets intact for the face. at the child who is except angry having difficulty. The style of carving, in low relief with finely incised "In general, it has all the advantages of the private details, is unique for Tikal. The full dimensions of the tutor . . . (But) its other major advantage is that the monument are as yet undetermined. A height of 79 inches machine frees the teacher for those creative and uniquely has been exposed, as well as the full width of 30.5 inches human tasks that only the teacher can perform. Thus, and full thickness of 20 inches. the drudgery of drill, the manipulation of flash cards, the grading of homework exercises, the incessant repetition COUNCIL during recitation, all become things of the past for the (Continued from page one) teacher. The child comes to the teacher with a fund of that can be discussed and The proposal for a Baccalaureate Council was discussed knowledge amplified without in the Committee on Educational in need for the teacher first to impart the skill." Policy March, 1959, without definite action. Last October, a preliminary draft of a proposal for a Baccalaureate Council was presented to the CEP by the President. Discussion of this proposal Dr. Lee Conducts Radio was temporarily deferred pending consideration of the Program long-range goals of the University with respect to under- Dr. Charles Lee, Associate Director of the Annenberg graduate education. This discussion is continuing. Mem- School of Communications, is conductor of the new "Books bers of the Senate on the CEP have participated fully in and Authors" program on Radio Station WCAU. the discussions up to this point.

4 THE ALMANAC

I his having been named a lecturer at Cambridge University for this summer was "exaggerated." He is to deliver a Among Other Thinqs lecture there, this summer THE LECTURE CIRCUIT: Dean Jefferson B. Ford- HONORS OF THE MONTH: Louis I. Kahn, noted ham of the Law School was a luncheon speaker April 7 at Philadelphia architect and Professor of Architecture in the Midday Club, before representatives of major U. S. the School of Fine Arts, has been named to receive this cities gathered for a symposium on Philadelphia's progress Award of the National Institute of Arts in meeting its transportation problems ... Dr. Claude K. year's Brunner Deischer, Associate Professor of lectured on and Letters. The citation and of $1000 will be Chemistry, prize "Chemistry, Key to Better Living," before 400 elementary presented to him ... Dorothy Bemis, who retired science teachers of at Parkland the Lehigh County High in 1958 as Assistant to the Director of University School near Allentown on April 5 Libraries, has been elected to the Hall of Fame of the Y. H. Ku of Dr. Jewell Cass Phillips, Professor of Political Science, Special Libraries Association . . . Professor is the author of a book, Government Adminis- the Moore School of Electrical was awarded Municipal Engineering tration in America, published last month by Macmillan. a Gold Medal the Ministry of Education of the Re- by Dr. Robert G. Cox, Associate Professor of public of China during a recent lecture tour of , Accounting, of the several has been named to assume the post of Vice Dean of the for his scientific contributions past years Division of the Wharton School the Dr. Herman P. Schwan, also a professor in the Moore Undergraduate upon retirement of Professor Thomas A. Budd on July 1 School, has been named chairman of the Professional Dr. Joshua A. Fishman, Associate Professor of Human Group on Medical Electronics of the Institute of Radio Relations and Psychology, has been awarded a travel grant Engineers for the year 1960-61. by the National Science Foundation to attend the Inter- SPEAKING OF SPEAKING: Dr. George W. Taylor, national Congress of Psychology in Bonn, Germany, Professor of Industry in the Wharton School, spoke re- from July 30 to Aug. 6, when he will give a paper on on "The American Press Conference" on a Voice recent research in neighborhood change . . . Dr. Adrian cently Chairman of the of of America broadcast from Washington . . . Dr. Julius McDonough, Acting Department Professor will address Industry in the Wharton School, lectured on "Computer Wishner, Associate of Psychology, Utilization" at the Government Administration Conference the Behavioral Sciences at the of Colloquium University in Montgomery, Ala., on March 31 Delaware on May 25. Dr. Weiniraub, Professor of Economics, is Dr. G. Assistant Professor of in Sidney par- Jay Anyon, Industry ticipating in a symposium on "Appropriate Monetary the Wharton School, spoke on "The Basic Concepts In- Policy," to be reported in the May issue of the Review of volved in Material Management" before the Society for Economics and Statistics . . . Drs. McDonough, M. S. the Advancement of Management at Allentown, Pa., on Estey, and W. E. Howard and Mr. K. S. Scheid, all of March 30 . . . Another Wharton School speaker was Dr. Wharton's Industry Department, were hosts to a training John F. Lubin, whose subject March 24 before the Met- study team of six Bolivian management executives touring ropolitan New York Chapter of Industrial Engineers was the under the auspices of the International "Management Stimulation Exercises for Executive De- Cooperation Association when the group came here to velopment and Operations Analysis". . . On April 6, Dr. discuss labor-management relations on April 11 . . . Dr. Heinz Moenkemeyer, Assistant Professor of German, de- Philip E. Jacob, Professor of Political Science, has accepted livered one of a series of lectures on Existentialism at an appointment to the Committee on College Teaching of Holy Family College in northeast Philadelphia. the American Council on Education. TRAVELERS: G. Holmes Perkins, Dean of the School of Fine Arts, attended the Northeast Regional Meeting of the Association of Collegiate Schools of Archi- Reminder: Senate Meets May 17 tecture at the Rhode Island School of in Design Providence The last of the Senate for on March 25-27, and spoke on "The Architecture of regular meeting University Urbanism" . . . Dr. John M. Brewster, the current semester will be held on Tuesday, May 17, in regional medical Hall, Room W-1 of Dietrich Hall at 1 P.M. officer of the Pennsylvania Railroad and Lecturer on Public Ballantyne and Preventive Medicine in the Professor Noyes Leech, chairman, urges all members who Health School of Medicine, can attend to be attended the annual meeting of the Medical and Surgical possibly present. Section of the Association of American Railroads at Hollywood, Fla., late in March... Miss Mary Beam, As- THE ALMANAC sistant Professor in the School of was Nursing, appointed Published the by Governor Lawrence last month as a Pennsylvania monthly during academic year by the to the Golden White House Con- University for the information of its delegate Anniversary and ference on Children and Youth, held in Washington faculty staff Dr. Theresa I. Lynch, Dean of the School of Nursing, The Editors are assisted by an Advisory Com- delivered a paper on "Medical Aseptic Technique-A mittee representing the Faculty, Administration, and Major Barrier to the Spread of Communicable Disease Personnel of the University. in the Hospital," at the annual New England Hospital Editor Frederic G. Hyde in on March 30. Address Development Building Assembly Printed at the OOPS! Dr. Robert Maddin, Director of the School of University of Pennsylvania Dept. of Publications, Forms, and Printing Metallurgical Engineering, informs us that our report on