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Containerize your life! How to live with always not enough resources Joachim von Thadden EMEA Senior Specialist Solution Architect OpenStack Thu 24 ! 2"#$, #&!"pm - (:2"pm OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Demo 2)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver AGENDA The Promise +irst Steps with ,-. How to /irtuali0e without And now the heavy stu223 /irtuali0ation1 The culprits o2 misusing a 4ontainer +irst Steps with libvirt ,et’s get our 7ngers dirty. OpenStack: 8nstall *ackstack ()44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Disclaimer 4)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Warning 9 this is not a traditional la53 This ,a5 di22ers from others3 It is not meant to be a guided tour through a technology3 See it more as an e:perimental session to fgure out the 5orders o2 technology9 So e:pect failures% ;uestions and <agile customi0ation=3 And: >ou must not copy?paste 5lindly as you will have to adapt commands to your environment3 !)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Instead of an USB Stick... 4ontent AB, The slides can be found under the following URL: https://gith b.com/jthadden/#penStack_S mmit_2&'($)ancou*er/doc ma+!e also via my ,aptop: http://'&.193.25'.235/p ! http://'&.193.25'.235/repos http://'&.193.25'.235/isos @)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 0he Promise C)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 2ou can 3mis45 se a Container as a full !lo7n Virtual Machine! E*en !etter: 2ou can virtuali:e 7itho t nesting9 $)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 0he 6 lprit of Virtualization The reason why we don6t like it i2 we are not an enterprise3 ● Besources ● Besourcessss ● Besourcessssssss D)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver #penStack 9 is a Ehale3 A 2ull 5lown OpenStack consists o2 at least ● # 8nstaller (Director or other) (1@HB BAM% 44*As% #""HI .iskG ● ( 4ontrollers FJ#2HB BAM% J4 4*As% 1""HI .iskG ● J2 Computes (>4GI BAM% J4 C*As% 1""HI .iskG ● Some Storage (e g. for live migration) FJ4HB RAM% 2 4*As% >#""HB .iskG At least 60GB RAM, 30 CPUs, 700GB Disk. 8 can do it with 24HI BAM% 2 4*As + HT% #""HB Disk &'G #")44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver ;o7 to )irtuali:e without )irtualization? ##)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver ;o7 to Virtualize 7ithout Virtualization< Some type o2 4ontainer is your friend3 ● chroot ● 4ontainer ● Other 8deas1 #2)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Useful 6ontainer Technologies... and why we can't or don't want to use them Fand I tried them all3G 8 tried them all& ● 4hroot ○ lacking o2 namespace separation and no own networking stack F5ecause o2 the formerG ● .ocker ○ working 5ut pro5lems with (needed) privileged actions ● ,egacy Open/Z (v0ctlG ○ does the Mo5% but you might need to use the upstream package ○ not supported very well ● ,:c ○ does the Mo5% but horri5le to confgure and use ● Systemd'nspawn ○ nested virtuali0ation is a pro5lem #()44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 0he !est wa+ toda+ - and why we have to cry LXD the LXC Daemon ● 8t6s actually a daemon 2or ,-4 ● 4oming from Canonical ' so will pro5a5ly die when Shuttleworth dies ○ IAT it's OpenSource3 So who cares3 ● ,-. is 5ased on ,-4 and that's running out o2 support o2 Bed Hat (and might 5e removed in the 2utureG ○ Never mind% we will use +edora9 "# $ou don%t like the LXD a&&'ao(! ● you can do it as well with Legacy Open/L (install v0ctl-coreG #4)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver The c lprits of misusing a Container #!)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 6ontainers ha*e se*eral restrictions ● no nested selinux ● restricted systemd ● no auditd ● no sysctl ● no module loading ● pro5lems with subscri5ing ● error with iscsi ○ open 5ug since >EABS now with missing namespacing in scsi'modules ● *ro5a5ly more you will 2ace3 And man$ o# them (an not e)en *een (i'(um)ented *$ 'unnin+ the (ontaine' &'i)ile+ed, #@)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver BU0: so many things are working like a charm ● Booting :'G ● DD% networking ● 7rewalling ● namespaces ● virtuali0ation ● DD D% feeling o2 real machine #C)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Let’s get o r fngers dirt+... #$)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Need a )8< There is a /M'8mage o2 an already installed and confgured Fedora-2@ /M (qcow2G& http&))P8*J)isos)+edora-2@'BHTE.;cow2 ● make one with at least 8HI% 24*A% 8"HB HD. based on Fedora 2@% copy 4*A con7g ● start the /M and install Fedora 2@ ➔ on other distros see& https&))linuxcontainers org/l:d)getting-started'cli) ● install needed So2tware dnf -y upgrade dnf -y groupinstall cloud-management dnf -y install libguestfs-tools #D)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Ena!ling LXD dnf -y copr enable ganto/lxd # don't use ganto/lxc3 for Fedora28 at the moment, instead edit # /etc/yum.repos.d/_copr_ganto-lxd.repo and change $releasever to 27 dnf -y install lxd lxd-client lxd-tools getent group lxd > /dev/null || groupadd -f -r lxd echo "root:1000000:65536" >> /etc/subuid echo "root:1000000:65536" >> /etc/subgid setenforce 0 systemctl start lxd.service usermod --append --groups lxd rhte To make it permanent (e g. in a special /MG& sed -i -e "s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=permissive/" /etc/selinux/config systemctl enable lxd.service 2")44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver ,?D can !e used as a Ser*er daemon E.g. i2 you have some stronger machine in the cellar Add the 2ollowing: lxc config set core.https_address "[::]" lxc config set core.trust_password <your PW> firewall-cmd --add-port=8443/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload 2#)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Add some storage There are numerous storage options like ● L+S ● Btr2s ● ,/M ● *lain Filesystem <- we will use that Be'login as normal user rhte and e:ecute& lxc storage create default dir lxc profile device add default root disk path=/ pool=default 22)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver @irst Steps 7ith ,?D 2()44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Start your frst light7eight )8 All l:c commands should be issued as user rhte3 lxc image list images:|grep -i centos # remote repository images lxc image list # local available images lxc launch images:centos/7 my-centos7-container lxc exec my-centos7-container /bin/bash lxc list [regexp] # to list containers with state 24)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Some more 6ommands lxc info my-centos7-container # getting Info lxc {network|profile|config|storage} list lxc {network|profile|config|storage} show lxc config show compute0 --expanded # getting all configs # (like image, storage, security" ps aux | grep "containers compute0" # find the monitoring process of a # container (e.g. if hanging) lxc list security.privileged=true # list all privileged containers lxc start|stop|restart|pause lxc file pull|push|edit <container>/<path> [-] # - means stdout lxc config device add mycontainer vartest disk source=/var/www path=/var/test # attach a dir to a container 2!)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Prepare a 6ent#S image for our special sage 7ith ,?D ● learn here the easy way ○ to do the things which are not working in an L-.'4ontainer ● we need ○ a pro7le ○ the CentOS image in l:c (you know how to get itG ○ a rc local 7le& https&))raw githubusercontent com)Mthadden/OpenStackQSummitQ2"#$Q/anco uver)master)roles)layer2Q5ootstrap_container)7les)rc.local-container 2@)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 6reate a ne7 Profle Bemem5er& user is always rhte3 lxc profile create rhosp lxc network attach-profile virbr0 rhosp eth0 lxc profile device add rhosp root disk path=/ pool=default lxc profile set rhosp security.privileged true OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 2C)44 rc.local → let us go through it, to understand what to do ← on the git repo go to: roles/layer2_bootstrap_container/files/rc.local-container 2$)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Prepare your 6ent#S with the rc.local lxc image list lxc launch -p rhosp images:centos/7 my-centos7-container lxc exec my-centos7-container /bin/bash # install and start sshd yum -y install openssh-server file systemctl enable sshd && systemctl start sshd passwd root # and try to sshd into it lxc list ssh root@<IP> # get rc.local and execute curl <...> -o /etc/rc.local chmod 755 /etc/rc.local systemctl enable rc-local reboot # look into logfile for execution of rc.local 2D)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Let’s tr+ some real work! (") OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 44 Install an I1A (#)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Prepare the Container Set hostname% ena5le repos and install 7rewalld # ssh into the container hostnamectl set-hostname `hostname`.rhte.internal yum repolist yum install firewalld systemctl enable firewalld && systemctl start firewalld (2)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Install and Confg re I1A yum -y install ipa-server ipa-server-dns ipa-server-install --setup-dns --forwarder=8.8.8.8 -r \ `dnsdomainname|tr a-z A-Z` -p "changeme" -a "changeme" -U 2>&1 | \ tee ipa-install.out--setup-dns # open the firewall accordingly firewall-cmd --permanent \ --add-port={80/tcp,443/tcp,389/tcp,636/tcp,88/tcp,464/tcp,53/tcp,88/ udp,464/udp,53/udp,123/udp} firewall-cmd --reload (()44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver 0est I1A kinit admin klist ipa user-find admin # i2 you want to see the we5inter2ace% use on your host something like sshuttle -r root@<yourVMsIP> <yourContainersIP> 2 add the host to your /etc)hosts echo "<IPofContainer> my-centos7-container.rhte.internal" >> /etc/hosts ( Browse to your 8*A https://my-centos7-container.rhte.internal (4)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver No7 try out )8s in 6ontainers9 (!)44 OpenStack Summit 2018 - Vancouver Install lib*irt yum -y install libvirt libvirt-daemon-kvm systemctl enable libvirtd systemctl start libvirtd (@)44 OpenStack Summit 2018
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  • Performance Analysis of LXC for HPC Environments

    Performance Analysis of LXC for HPC Environments

    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280092756 Performance Analysis of LXC for HPC Environments Conference Paper · July 2015 DOI: 10.1109/CISIS.2015.53 CITATIONS READS 6 470 6 authors, including: Edward David Moreno Ordonez Patricia Takako Endo Universidade Federal de Sergipe University of Pernambuco 115 PUBLICATIONS 108 CITATIONS 27 PUBLICATIONS 271 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Djamel Sadok Stenio Fernandes Federal University of Pernambuco Federal University of Pernambuco 242 PUBLICATIONS 1,303 CITATIONS 100 PUBLICATIONS 673 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: security embedded View project Context-Aware Energy Efficiency Management for Smart Buildings View project All content following this page was uploaded by Edward David Moreno Ordonez on 16 July 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Performance Analysis of LXC for HPC Environments David Beserra Patricia Takako Endo Jymmy Barreto, Djamel Sadok and Edward David Moreno University of Pernambuco and Stenioˆ Fernandes Federal University of Sergipe Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brazil Federal University of Pernambuco Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil [email protected] Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil [email protected] fjpsb, jamel, sfl[email protected] Abstract—Despite of Cloud infrastructures can be used as by academia, and according to [9], this type of virtualization High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms, many issues offers a lightweight virtualization layer, which promises a near- from virtualization overhead have kept them unrelated.