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01/02/2012 Pages: 207 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case GTC Code: EXT/UCM/1715-R Code: TEC/MEG/024 Issue: 2.A Date: 01/02/2012 Pages: 207 MEGARA MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 MEGARA Science Team+: Africa Castillo Morales, Alfonso Aguerri, Antonio Cava, Artemio Herrero, Ata Sarajedini, Carmen Eliche Moral, Carmen Sánchez Contreras, Casiana Muñoz-Tuñón, Daniel Rosa, David Barrado y Navascues, Divakara Mayya, Elena Terlevich, Emanuele Bertone, Enrique Pérez Montero, Esperanza Carrasco, Esteban González Guardia, Fernando Serena, Francisco Manuel Sánchez Moreno, Guillermo Tenorio Tagle, Ignacio Trujillo, Jaime Zamorano, Jesús Gallego, Jorge Iglesias, Jorge Jiménez Vicente, José M. Vílchez, José Miguel Rodríguez Espinosa, José Guichard, Jorge Sánchez Almeida, Lino Rodríguez Merino, Lucía Rodríguez, Manuel Peimbert, María Luisa García Vargas, Authors: Mercedes Mollá, Miguel Chávez, Miriam García, Mónica Rodríguez, Nicolás Cardiel, Nuria Huélamo, Olga Vega, Pablo G. Pérez-González, Patricia Sánchez Blázquez, Rafael Guzmán, Raffaella Anna Marino, Raquel Cedazo, Roberto Terlevich, Sebastián Sánchez, Sergio Pascual, Sergio Simón, Sergiy Silich, Silvia Torres-Peimbert, Victor Villar, Yiannis Tsamis. Armando Gil de Paz, Principal Investigator María Luisa García Vargas, Project Manager Ana Pérez Calpena, System Engineer Revised by: María Luisa García Vargas Armando Gil de Paz, Principal Investigator Approved by: María Luisa García Vargas, Project Manager 2 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 Distribution List: Name Affiliation Date René Rutten GRANTECAN 01/02/2012 Armando Gil de Paz UCM 01/02/2012 María Luisa García Vargas FRACTAL 01/02/2012 Ana Pérez Calpena FRACTAL 01/02/2012 MEGARA Science Team 01/02/2012 MEGARA Instrument Team 01/02/2012 3 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 Acronyms: 2MASS Two Micron All Sky Survey ACS Advanced Camera for Surveys ADC Atmospheric-Dispersion Corrector AEGIS All-wavelength Extended Groth strip International Survey AGB Asymptotic Giant Branch AGN Active Galactic Nucleus AIV Assembly, Integration and Verification ALMA Atacama Large Milimeter Array AOI Angle of Incidence AR Anti-Reflection (coatings) BCD Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy BH Black Hole CALIFA Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey CCD Charge Coupled Device CDR Critical Design Review CEL Collisionally-Excited Line CMD Color Magnitude Diagram COSMOS Cosmological Evolution Survey CPU Central Processing Unit CSC Compact Stellar Cluster CSE CircumStellar Envelope DAS Data Acquisition System DEEP Deep Evolutionary Exploratory Probe DEEP2 Deep Extragalactic Evolutionary Probe (phase 2) DEIMOS DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph DLA Damped Ly Alpha Systems 4 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 DRP Data Reduction Pipeline DSS Digitized Sky Survey EB Error Budget EED Enclosed Energy Diameter EER Enclosed Energy Radius EGS Extended Groth Strip ETC Exposure Time Calculator F-C Folded-Cassegrain FIR Far InfraRed FLAMES Fibre Large Array Multi Element Spectrograph on the VLT FOV Field Of View FRD Focal Ratio Degradation FUV Far Ultraviolet FWHM Full Width at Half Maximum FWZI Full Width at Zero Intensity GALEX Galaxy Evolution Explorer GC Globular Cluster GLORIA Global Robotic Telescope Intelligent Array GMOS Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph GOODS Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey GP Green Pea (galaxy) GTC Gran Telescopio Canarias GTM Gran Telescopio Milimétrico HLS Herschel Lensing Array HR High-Resolution (VPHs) HRD Hertzprung-Russell Diagram HST Hubble Space Telescope IFU Integral Field Unit 5 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 IGM Inter-Galactic Medium IR InfraRed IRAC InfraRed Array Camera ISM Inter-Stellar Medium LBV Luminous Blue Variable LCB Large Compact Bundle LCU Local Control Unit LDSS Low Dispersion Survey Spectrograph LIRG Luminous InfraRed Galaxy LOS Line Of Sight LR Low-Resolution (VPHs) MB Massive Blue (star) MEDUSA MEGARA Distant-Universe Spectroscopic Analysis MEGADES MEGARA Galaxy Disks Evolution Survey MEGARA Multi Espectrógrafo en GTC de Alta Resolución para Astronomía MHD Magneto-HydroDynamics MILES Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope Library of Empirical Spectra MIR Mid InfraRed MOS Multi-Object Spectrograph MR Mid-Resolution (VPHs) MS Main Sequence MW Milky Way NDWFS NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey NDWFS NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey NIRSOS Near-infrared atlas of SO-Sa galaxies NUV Near Ultraviolet OPMS Observing Program Management Subsystem ORL Optical Recombination Line 6 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 OS Order-Sorting (filter) PACS Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer on the Herschel Space Observatory PAU Physics of the Accelerating Universe (project) PDR Preliminary Design Review PN Planetary Nebula PPN Pre-Planetary Nebula PSF Point Spread Function RC Red Clump RC3 Third Reference Catalog of Bright Galaxies RGB Red Giant Branch RL Recombination Line RMS Root Mean Square ROC Radius of Curvature RS Re-pressurizing Shocks S4G Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies SAURON Spectrographic Areal Unit for Research on Optical Nebulae SCB Small Compact Bundle SDSS Sloan Digital Sky Survey SED Spectral Energy Distribution SFC Smaller Fiber Core SFE Star Formation Efficiency SFH Star Formation History SFR Star Formation Rate SGW Super Galactic Wind SHARDS Survey for High-z Absorption Red and Dead Sources SINGS Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey SMBH Super Massive Black Hole 7 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 SMC Small Magellanic Cloud SN Super Nova SP Stellar Population SPIRE Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver on the Herschel Space Observatory SpUDS Spitzer Ultra Deep Survey SQ Stephan's Quintet SSC Super Stellar Cluster sSFR Specific Star Formation Rate SSP Single Stellar Population STIS Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph SXDS Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey SXDS Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey TBA To Be Assigned TBC To Be Confirmed TBD To Be Done TBU To Be Updated TIR Total Internal Reflection ToI Target of Interest TRGB Tip of the Red Giant Branch UCM Universidad Complutense de Madrid UDF (Hubble) Ultra-Deep Field UDS Ultra Deep Survey UF University of Florida UKIDSS UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey UKIRT United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope ULIRG Ultra Luminous InfraRed Galaxy UPM Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 8 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 UV UltraViolet UVES Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph on the VLT VIMOS VIsible MultiObject Spectrograph VLT Very Large Telescope VPH Volume Phase Holographic (grating) WBS Work Breakdown Structure WISE Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer WP Work Package WR Wolf-Rayet (star) XMM X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission XSL X-shooter Spectral Library !CDM ! Cold Dark Matter (model) 9 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 Change Control Issue Date Section Page Change description 1.A 17/10/2011 All All First issue 1.B 25/01/2012 All All Second issue 2.A 01/02/2012 All All Final version for PDR delivery Reference Documents Nº Document Name Code R.1 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Folded-Cass Optics TEC/MEG/026 R.2 MEGARA: Fiber MOS Prototype: design, manufacturing and tests TEC/MEG/021 R.3 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Pseudo-slit discussion TEC/MEG/056 R.4 MEGARA Preliminary Design: Spectrograph Optics TEC/MEG/058 R.5 Spectrograph Mechanics: Design upgrades from conceptual design TEC/MEG/043 R.6 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Cryostat TEC/MEG/028 R.7 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Detector and DAS TEC/MEG/051 R.8 MEGARA Conceptual Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/010 MEGARA. PSF simulations: Spectral Resolution and Cross-talk R.9 TEC/MEG/076 effects R.10 MEGARA. Alternatives Trade-off study TEC/MEG/044 R.11 MEGARA. Preliminary Design. Instrument Overview TEC/MEG/059 R.12 MEGARA. Observing Modes TEC/MEG/005 Reference Documents (GTC codes) Nº Document Name Code R.1 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Folded-Cass Optics EXT/UCM/1729-R R.2 MEGARA: Fiber MOS Prototype: design, manufacturing and tests EXT/UCM/1724-R R.3 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Pseudo-slit discussion EXT/UCM/1731-R R.4 MEGARA Preliminary Design: Spectrograph Optics EXT/UCM/1742-R R.5 Spectrograph Mechanics: Design upgrades from conceptual design EXT/UCM/1733-R R.6 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Cryostat EXT/UCM/1744-R R.7 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Detector and DAS EXT/UCM/1737-R R.8 MEGARA Conceptual Design. Science Case No code MEGARA. PSF simulations: Spectral Resolution and Cross-talk EXT/UCM/1808-R R.9 effects R.10 MEGARA. Alternatives Trade-off study EXT/UCM/1734-R R.11 MEGARA. Preliminary Design. Instrument Overview EXT/UCM/1778-R R.12 MEGARA. Observing Modes EXT/UCM/1714-R 10 MEGARA Preliminary Design. Science Case TEC/MEG/024 2.A - 1/02/12 INDEX 1.! SUMMARY .........................................................................................................................17! 1.1! Design changes with respect to the Conceptual Design................................................ 17! 2.! SCIENTIFIC DRIVERS OVERVIEW.............................................................................21! 2.1! Science Team interests..................................................................................................... 21! 2.2! Galactic and extragalactic nebulae: The need for the MEGARA IFU ....................... 22! 2.2.1! Nearby galaxies (beyond the Local Group)................................................................... 23! 2.2.2! Planetary
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