S738 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask for under rule XXII be waived for the clo- but why are they hung up on this fool- the yeas and nays. ture motions just filed and that ishness that they can only do it if one The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a Wednesday, February 5, 2014, count as time they have alternating amend- sufficient second? an intervening day. ments? They wouldn’t take 20 amend- There appears to be a sufficient sec- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there ments. ond. objection? There are a handful of Republicans AMENDMENT NO. 2717 Without objection, it is so ordered. who tried very hard and worked in Mr. REID. I have an amendment to Mr. REID. I want to take a moment good faith with Senator REED of Rhode the instructions at the desk. to explain where we are. Over the last Island. But the problem is they have no The PRESIDING OFFICER. The few months, we have been struggling to control over the tea-party-driven Re- clerk will report. find a way to help some desperate peo- publicans who make up most of this The assistant legislative clerk read ple in our country. It is hard to find a Republican caucus. as follows: way to convince our Republican col- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- The Senator from Nevada [Mr. REID] pro- leagues that these people are in a des- ator from Rhode Island. poses an amendment numbered 2717 to the perate situation and to join with us in Mr. REED. We are at a critical mo- instructions of the motion to commit. extending unemployment insurance ment. It has been 38 days since the The amendment is as follows: benefits for 1.6 million of our fellow emergency unemployment compensa- In the amendment, strike ‘‘8 days’’ and in- citizens. tion expired, forcing now not 1.6 mil- sert ‘‘9 days’’. Last month, we tried to pass a bipar- lion but 1.7 million Americans off an Mr. REID. I ask for the yeas and tisan bill that would simply extend economic cliff and also draining $2.2 nays. those benefits on a short-term basis for billion from State economies, and this The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a 3 months. All but a few Republicans is according to estimates based on data sufficient second? voted against proceeding to that meas- from the Department of Labor and the There appears to be a sufficient sec- ure. Republicans complained that we Ways and Means Committee Demo- ond. had not paid for the extension, so we crats. This has had a huge impact on The yeas and nays were ordered. offered them a paid-for 11-month exten- families and a huge impact on the AMENDMENT NO. 2718 TO AMENDMENT NO. 2717 sion. Every Republican voted against economy throughout this country. Mr. REID. I have a second-degree the cloture motion, every Republican, Congress should be doing everything amendment at the desk. and all but one Republican voted to focus on creating jobs and improving The PRESIDING OFFICER. The against cloture on the bipartisan 3- our economy. This week we have an op- clerk will report. month extension. So today we are try- portunity to do that. That is why we The assistant legislative clerk read ing yet again, offering an amendment should vote to renew unemployment as follows: that extends unemployment benefits insurance and help put more Ameri- The Senator from Nevada [Mr. REID] pro- for 3 months and pays for that exten- cans back to work. poses amendment numbered 2718 to amend- sion, not a disputed, controversial ex- Restoring these benefits is an imper- ment numbered 2717. tension and certainly not a controver- ative. We must do it. We have to act The amendment is as follows: sial pay-for. Our alternative also in- with a sense of urgency. People are out In the amendment, strike ‘‘9 days’’ and in- cludes something that Senator COBURN there every day looking for employ- sert ‘‘10 days’’. has been talking about for several ment. They are doing everything they CLOTURE MOTION months, an amendment to prevent mil- can to support their families and them- Mr. REID. I have a cloture motion at lionaires from getting unemployment selves. While this modest level of sup- the desk. benefits, because it has happened. A port helps them stay afloat, what they The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clo- person won a lottery and still got un- really want is a job. So our constitu- ture motion having been presented employment benefits. ents, who are trying so hard and doing under rule XXII, the Chair directs the Thursday, we are going to vote on what they need to do in order to pro- clerk to read the motion. cloture on that amendment, one that is vide for themselves and their families, The assistant legislative clerk read paid for and would take care of this are looking to Congress to uphold its as follows: Senators. issue for lots of people. After that have end of the bargain. we will vote on cloture on the bill, as Many of our constituents are running CLOTURE MOTION amended. In the meantime, I am out of options. The rent is coming due. We, the undersigned Senators, in accord- The telephone bill is coming due, and ance with the provisions of rule XXII of the pleased to continue discussions with Standing Rules of the Senate, hereby move Senators about setting up votes on the without a phone they can’t actively to bring to a close debate on S. 1845, a bill to relevant amendments. compete for work. There is no way em- provide for the extension of certain unem- The Republican leader’s proposal is ployers can get hold of them. ployment benefits, and for other purposes. an absolute absurdity. I don’t know College tuition is coming due for Harry Reid, Jack Reed, Kirsten E. Gilli- why they just don’t come out and say middle-aged people who are out look- brand, Sheldon Whitehouse, Barbara we are not going to do this, we are not ing for jobs, for their children, and Boxer, Brian Schatz, Robert P. Casey, going to extend unemployment bene- some people who are paying their way Jr., Thomas R. Carper, Elizabeth War- fits. But they have alternating amend- through college. They are being ren, Patty Murray, Mark Begich, Sherrod Brown, Jeff Merkley, Angus S. ments, and they want amendments re- squeezed from all sides, and the expira- King, Jr., Charles E. Schumer, Bill Nel- lated to—George Mitchell, who was the tion of these benefits is hurting not son, Christopher A. Coons. Democratic leader for a period of time only them but it is hurting our econ- f that I served here, a wonderful human omy overall. being, his statement was don’t depend Time is of the essence. It has been 7 REPEALING SECTION 403 OF THE on the Republicans; they will break weeks since Senator HELLER and I in- BIPARTISAN BUDGET ACT OF your heart every time, and that is what troduced a bipartisan short-term plan 2013—Motion to Proceed they are doing. They are breaking our that was designed to provide imme- Mr. REID. I move to proceed to Cal- hearts, and 1.6 million people, their diate relief. We tried different per- endar No. 298, S. 1963. hearts are broken. mutations of extending these benefits, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The The main proponent of this bill has provisions the other side said they clerk will report. been JACK REED of Rhode Island. JACK wanted, but to this point without suc- The legislative clerk read as follows: REED and I have a contest—I wish we cess. A motion to proceed to Calendar No. 298, S. didn’t—and that is which State, Rhode I must say that I have found not only 1963, a bill to repeal section 403 of the Bipar- Island or Nevada, has the highest un- Senator HELLER but many of my col- tisan Budget Act of 2013. employment number. leagues on the other side both thought- ORDER OF PROCEDURE We care about this greatly, but oth- ful and willing to contribute—Senator Mr. REID. I ask unanimous consent ers care about this. I am sure there are COLLINS, Senator COATS, Senator that the mandatory quorum required some Republicans who care about it, PORTMAN, and so many others, who are

VerDate Mar 15 2010 02:53 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.040 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S739 sincere in trying to get this done. But architecture of unemployment insur- ners, Qadhafi and really had estab- what we have to do is get over this 60- ance, if there are other collateral lished alliances with . So here we vote threshold, at least to provide this issues or issues that could be thrown have a murdered Ambassador on Sep- immediate relief of 3 months to our into the mix, let’s get this done and tember 11, and that day Ambassador constituents. then let’s focus on those issues. Rice, during the context of a Presi- Again, the face of those unemployed This amendment also incorporates a dential election, went on every Sunday in this downturn is a bit different than measure that Senator COBURN has pro- television show, and when she was in the past. We are hearing and seeing posed that would bar millionaires, indi- asked about what happened on that more and more middle-aged workers viduals making over $1 million, from day, she blamed it on the spontaneous who have worked all their lives and for qualifying for unemployment insur- reaction to a hateful video. the first time are confronted with un- ance. This measure has been unani- Recently, the Senate Select Com- employment. They sent out hundreds mously supported 100 to 0 in this mittee on Intelligence did some very of resumes. They sought job inter- Chamber, so we thought we would go good bipartisan work looking at what views, many times unsuccessfully. ahead and put that in as an additional happened with regard to the attack at They are squeezed because they are measure that would be embraced by ev- the consulate. That report contains trying to support parents at the same eryone in the Chamber. something very telling. That report time they are trying to support chil- This is an issue that has huge sup- found that ‘‘contrary to many press re- dren who are in college or young adults port among the American public. There ports at the time, eyewitness state- who are at home. is a poll that says over two- ments by U.S. personnel indicate there This is a tremendous toll on people thirds of Americans support and want were no protests at the start of the at- who have worked hard all of their lives. Congress to act now to extend unem- tacks.’’ In fact, the then-Deputy Direc- They are simply asking us to step up, ployment insurance. tor of the CIA received an email sent as we have done consistently in the Let me again thank my colleagues on from the CIA’s Chief of Station in Trip- past, and give them some modest sup- the other side who have worked very oli to him on September 15—4 days port while they search for work. sincerely and very diligently to come after the attacks occurred—and in that We are 1 month into 2014 and still de- up with a solution. I say to them: email the Deputy Director of the CIA, bating a 3-month fix. At some point, we Thank you. I appreciate it. Mike Morell, was told the attacks were will reach the point where the retro- My concern is helping—as their con- ‘‘not an escalation of protests.’’ Not an active benefits will be greater than the cern is—those constituents who are escalation of protests. benefits going forward for the 3-month getting increasingly desperate. We Why is that important? It is impor- fix. That is not a place we want to be, share this. Now what we have to do is tant for many reasons because what not for people who have worked hard. find a pathway forward. ends up happening during this period is The only way to qualify for unemploy- I hope, because of the short-term na- that Ambassador Rice is going on the ment insurance is to be working and ture of this bill, because of the non- Sunday shows to talk about this. She is then, through no fault of your own, to controversial pay-for, that we can get designated to do this on behalf of the be dismissed from your work—and you this done, and then I think we can em- administration. We have always won- still have to look for work. That is the bark on a much more expansive review dered why. Why did she go on, as op- whole program. So it is not right. on a much more expansive set of issues posed to Secretary of State Hillary I think we have to move forward, and with respect to UI and other issues Clinton or perhaps then-Secretary Pa- we have done this on a bipartisan basis that have come before the Chamber. It netta, the Secretary of Defense? But three times under President Ronald is time to vote—vote aye—to get this she is sent that day onto the Sunday Reagan, five times under George W. measure passed. shows, and on those shows she said this Bush, with overwhelming majorities on With that, Mr. President, I yield the was a direct result of a heinous video— a bipartisan basis, no question. In fact, floor. protests that came as a result of this most times they were completely un- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- video. paid for. It was emergency spending, ator from New Hampshire. Yet the day before, the then-Deputy not only because people needed the 2012 ATTACK Director of the CIA had already gotten emergency aid, but it is a great form of Ms. AYOTTE. Mr. President, I come an email from the people on the economic support to our economy. to the floor today to talk about the at- ground—eyewitness statements. There The CBO estimates that if we fail to tack on our consulate on , were survivors, people who survived extend for the full year these benefits, 2012. I am here to talk about the fact this attack and who were interviewed we will lose 200,000 jobs over 2014, at a that four brave Americans were mur- to find out what happened. As you time when our first priority should be dered that day by an act of terrorism. would in any situation where you have to put more jobs in the marketplace. One of those murdered was our Ambas- had a terrorist attack or a murder We have a plan today that is short sador to Libya when those four Ameri- case, you are going to talk to the eye- term, 3 months, retroactive to Decem- cans were killed at Benghazi at our witnesses on the ground. So there were ber 28. It is fully paid for by extending consulate. eyewitnesses, and they were spoken to. pension smoothing for 4 more years. I really want to talk about what I be- As a result of those eyewitness inter- In addition to paying for these bene- lieve is a pattern of misinformation, views, the day before she goes on those fits, it will reduce the deficit by $1.2 misimpressions, and, frankly, mis- Sunday shows, the Deputy Director of billion over 10 years, so we have a leading the American people about the CIA is told that there was not an mechanism that not only helps people what happened there and, during an escalation of protests, that what has but also goes to the issue of the deficit, election season, what was represented been reported is not the case. Yet she which is another pressing concern, par- about the attack on our consulate on went on the show and said that any- ticularly to my colleagues on the other September 11. Let me walk through way. side of the aisle. some of the situation and the tangled What is even more troubling is that This offset has been used before. It web that was woven here. this information is communicated to passed 79 to 19 as part of the 2012 MAP– First of all, right after this attack the Deputy Director of the CIA, and 21 transportation bill. This is a non- occurred—we know that on September somehow there are talking points pre- controversial pay-for. It has been pro- 16 Ambassador appeared on pared that don’t reflect this informa- posed by Members on both sides of the behalf of the administration on every tion. Moreover, somehow this informa- aisle with various proposals requiring major Sunday television show, and dur- tion that was given to the Deputy Di- pay-fors. ing that time people rightly wanted to rector of the CIA was not given to the We have an urgent need, a very know what happened. This was a big President—or, I don’t know, maybe short-term focus, and a noncontrover- deal. An ambassador had been mur- they didn’t like the story they received sial pay-for, and I will urge my col- dered, along with three other Ameri- because during that period of time, if leagues, let’s support this, let’s move cans in Libya, where we had gone in to we look at this, on September 11 the this. If there is work to be done on the remove, working with our NATO part- President gave many media interviews

VerDate Mar 15 2010 02:53 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.044 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S740 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 during this period. It was during a he said, ‘‘We won’t tolerate any act of In the aftermath what became clear was Presidential election. terror’’—he is asked directly by the that the security was lax, that not all the On September 18, which is 7 days interviewer, Mr. Kroft from ‘‘60 Min- precautions that needed to be taken were after the attacks on the consulate, 2 utes,’’ ‘‘Mr. President, this morning taken. days after Susan Rice went on the Sun- you went out of your way to avoid the That is certainly confirmed by the day shows, the President is on the Dave use of the word terrorism in connection bipartisan Senate Intelligence Com- Letterman show. We have all watched with the Libya attack. Do you believe mittee. So if that is the case, why is it the comedy show, the Dave Letterman this was a terrorism attack?’’ The that Ambassador Susan Rice was on show, and Dave Letterman asks the President said, ‘‘Well, it’s too early to the Sunday shows on September 16— President about the attacks in tell exactly how this came about, what she is sent on the shows to talk about Benghazi. On that show he talks about group was involved, but obviously it what happened that day, and she re- the video, this heinous video being a was an attack on Americans.’’ The sponds in this fashion to this question cause of what happened and the attack President refused then to call it what directly and specifically asked by Chris at the consulate. Yet, on September 15, it was, what his own Secretary of De- Wallace in that interview: He says: the then-Deputy Director of the CIA al- fense knew—that it was a terrorist at- ready had some information that said tack—because, of course, we know the Terror cells in Benghazi had carried out narrative at the time was that Al five attacks since April, including . . . a this is not an escalation of protests. bombing at the same consulate in June. There were interviews done of the sur- Qaeda had been decimated, and if it Should U.S. security have been tighter at vivors on the ground. Yet on the Dave was a terrorist attack, it didn’t quite that consulate given the history of terror ac- Letterman show a week later—in fact, fit with that narrative. tivity in Benghazi? 3 days after this information is re- In fact, recently the President gave What is her response? Well, we obvi- ceived by the Deputy Director of the an interview on FOX News with Bill ously did have a strong security pres- CIA—we have the President talking O’Reilly—on February 2—and this is ence. about the video. what he said when he was asked about She was on several shows—ABC with But it gets worse. Nine days later—9 the attack on the consulate: ; she was on ‘‘Face the Na- days after the attack, so on September We revealed to the American people ex- tion’’ with Bob Schieffer. During the 20—the President gives another inter- actly what we understood at the time. The course of those interviews, she was view at the Town Hall. This notion that we would hide the ball for polit- asked about the security at the con- ical purposes when a week later we all said is 5 days after the Deputy Director of in fact there was a terrorist attack taking sulate, and she described the security the CIA is given this information, ap- place the day after I said it was an act of ter- at the consulate that day as significant parently coming from the survivors. ror, that wouldn’t be a very good coverup. and substantial. What was the basis for And what does the President say? I guess the President, when he told that? Did anyone give her information What we do know is that the natural pro- Mr. O’Reilly that, forgot about the that ‘‘security was significant, sub- tests that arose because of the outrage over interview he had given on ‘‘,’’ stantial and strong’’ that day? Because the video were used as an excuse by extrem- which was almost 2 weeks after this there was absolutely no evidence of ists to see if they can also directly harm U.S. event—13 days after it. that. In fact, everything in this inves- interests. Almost 2 weeks later he was asked by tigation has shown that security was That is what he says when he is Ms. Behar: absolutely lax at that consulate, unac- asked about the attacks on our con- I heard say it was an act of ceptably so given the prior history of sulate. terrorism. Is it? What do you say? intelligence at the consulate, given the So here we are 9 days after the at- Well, no act of terrorism then. He prior attacks that had been made on tack, 5 days after this information is doesn’t acknowledge it. He said: the British and on the Red Cross, and given to Mike Morell, the then-Deputy We’re still doing an investigation. There’s unfortunately this really was a death Director of the CIA, and yet we have no doubt that [with] the kind of weapons trap. another interview on ‘‘The View,’’ an- that were used, the ongoing assault, that it So in the context of an election, why other popular show, 13 days—almost 2 wasn’t just a mob action. is she—and the President as well—not weeks after the attack on the con- This is in the context, of course, only pushing the video story but also sulate, and again the President of where his Secretary of Defense said he saying that the consulate security was United States talks about this being knew right away it was an act of ter- strong, it was substantial, it was sig- about the video and a reaction to the rorism. In fact, he came to the Armed nificant, when there is no evidence to video. Services Committee 3 days after and support that? It all goes to the con- So here we have the work that was said it was an act of terrorism. Yet, trary. done on this—clear misinformation again, within a week he isn’t saying it There has been a lot of discussion about what happened that day and a was an act of terrorism when he is di- about the video. Ambassador Rice goes very troubling pattern in the context rectly asked if it was an act of ter- on the Sunday shows and she talks of an election, where on those Sunday rorism. about the video. She talks about the shows Ambassador Rice made sure to In this recent interview with Mr. causal effect of the video in terms of tell everyone Al Qaeda has been deci- O’Reilly the President talked about the the attacks on the consulate. What she mated because that was the narrative security at the consulate. In fact, there essentially says is this: This was a di- during this time period, that Al Qaeda was a strong report recently done by rect result of a heinous and offensive has been decimated. So if this was a the Senate Intelligence Committee on video which was widely disseminated terrorist attack, that would be prob- a bipartisan basis. In fact, one of the and which the U.S. Government had lematic to that narrative. issues they raised deep concerns about nothing to do with and which we have In fact, we had testimony before the is that the State Department should made clear is reprehensible and dis- Senate Armed Services Committee have increased its security posture gusting. And we have also been very from then-Defense Secretary Panetta. more significantly in Benghazi based clear in saying that there is no excuse When he testified before the Armed upon a deteriorating security situation for violence, that we have condemned Services Committee, he said clearly: on the ground and that the threat re- it in the strongest possible terms. There was no question in my mind it was porting on the prior attacks against This ‘‘direct result of a heinous and a terrorist attack. westerners in Benghazi—and there offensive video,’’ which she said on all In fact, he said: were many cables leading up to this those Sunday shows and which the When I appeared before the committee 3 too that had been made public—war- President then also talked about in the days afterwards, I said it was a terrorist at- ranted there was sufficient warning interviews: 1 week later on David tack. that security should have been in- Letterman; the interview, 9 days after Secretary Panetta made clear he creased at the consulate. the attack, on Univision; and the inter- knew from the beginning this was a The President acknowledged that in view almost 2 weeks later on ‘‘The terrorist attack. Yet the President, on his recent interview with Mr. O’Reilly, View’’—why are they still talking September 12, even though the day of it where he said: about the video?

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.045 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S741 From the beginning, I have thought moved from these talking points. It that night during the attacks on our the talking points were fascinating. was removed from these talking points, consulate, and yet we haven’t picked These talking points were created for and Ambassador Rice was free to go on him up or anyone else. In fact, he is dissemination. Ambassador Susan Rice the Sunday shows on September 16, and sitting at cafes, and press in the United was given these talking points, she said she said Al Qaeda had been decimated. States are able to find him, interview she relied upon them, and there are se- Imagine if the talking points kept the him, talk to him, and yet we haven’t rious deficiencies with these talking reference to Al Qaeda. Do you think brought him or anyone else in. There points. she would have gone on every Sunday have been news reports that there may Even so, I challenge people to find show and said Al Qaeda had been deci- be a secret warrant for him, but he any reference to a video in these talk- mated? I would hope not because it was hasn’t been brought in. Where is the ing points. I have looked and looked, not true that Al Qaeda had been deci- attention to this? and I couldn’t see the word ‘‘video’’ in mated, as evidenced by the attack on I have talked about this tangled web these talking points anywhere. Yet we our consulate. which has been woven, which is really have Ambassador Susan Rice, on behalf So we still don’t know who removed troubling in terms of the of the administration, on September 16 the reference and what happened with misimpressions and misleading nature on every Sunday show, talking about these talking points. But what really of how this has been represented to the the video. We have the President of the troubles me is the Deputy Director of American people. But I hope we will all United States on David Letterman 1 the CIA, through the Senate Intel- focus on bringing the people who com- week later, then 9 days later, after the ligence Committee report, received mitted these terrorist attacks to jus- attack, on Univision, and almost 2 this email on September 15 which said tice because the victims of these ter- weeks later, 13 days later on ‘‘The the attacks were not an escalation of rorist attacks deserve justice. View’’ talking about a video. Yet there protests. He worked on these talking The terrorists who committed these isn’t a reference to a video in these points. He was part of the group who acts against our consulate need to talking points. I have never under- actually had feedback on the talking know that we are coming after them stood. Where did the video story come points that went out the door. Yet and that we are going to hold them ac- from? Do you think we will ever get somehow this wasn’t included. countable. If you commit a terrorist the answer? I think we deserve an an- The Al Qaeda reference was removed, attack against our country, you should swer to that, especially now. and apparently no one, even after re- not be in a position to be out drinking Because of the recent Senate intel re- ceiving the actual eyewitness inter- coffee in a cafe. You need to be held ac- port, we know that the Deputy Direc- views of what happened on the scene, countable. tor of the CIA, the day before Ambas- ever thought to go to the administra- We need to send a message to other sador Rice first appeared on those Sun- tion—the President of the United terrorists: Don’t mess with the United day shows to tell this story, received States—and correct him: By the way, States of America, because right now this email which reported that the at- we are not sure this video really pans they are getting the opposite message tacks were ‘‘not/not an escalation of out, that it is a demonstration and with no one being held accountable for protests.’’ So if it is not an escalation that this is a protest in response to a the terrorist attacks on our consulate of protests—let’s look at these talking video. Somehow that doesn’t get up the on September 11, 2012. points again. These talking points do chain of command? We have big prob- Mr. President, I yield the floor. not refer to a video. We are not sure lems if this kind of information is not The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- how that story got told. getting up the chain of command. Why ator from Texas. Why is it that the talking points that those representations were made when FOREIGN POLICY went out say: Available information there was intel that contradicted it has Mr. CRUZ. Mr. President, I commend suggests that the demonstrations in never been answered. the Senator from New Hampshire for Benghazi were spontaneously inspired Finally, and most of all, the Presi- her stirring remarks on the terrorist by the protests at the U.S. Embassy in dent said he was going to bring the in- attacks in Benghazi and urge that we Cairo and evolved into a direct assault dividuals who committed these attacks pay heed to the words she said. It is against our U.S. diplomatic post in to justice. Yet no one has been brought striking—the Senator from New Hamp- Benghazi and subsequently its annex to justice. The families who lost loved shire has said more about that ter- and that they were participating in ones deserve to have these terrorists rorist attack than our Commander in violent demonstrations. Why wasn’t brought to justice. And what we have Chief has ever said. what they learned the day before taken seen in some of the reports—the intel- We are at a time where Tolkien’s into account in terms of what was rep- ligence committee itself essentially classic ‘‘The Hobbit’’ is one of the best- resented to the American people? I identifies that more than 1 year after selling, most popular movies in the think a bigger question is, How is it the Benghazi attacks, the terrorists country. ‘‘The Hobbit’’ is a fantasy that the Deputy Director of the CIA who perpetrated the attacks have still story. In Washington, we were visited can receive relevant and important in- not been brought to justice. with fantasy last week in the Presi- formation and that information never The intelligence community has dent’s State of the Union Address. I gets to the President of the United identified several individuals respon- would like to talk about the contrast, States as late as 9 days later? On Sep- sible for the attacks. Some of these in- concerning foreign policy, between the tember 24, on ‘‘The View,’’ he is still dividuals have been identified with a fantasy presented to the American peo- talking about this video. Yet it turns strong level of confidence. So why ple and the cold, hard realities of the out the video never had anything to do hasn’t anyone been brought to justice? dangerous world in which we live— with this. It really raises so many Why haven’t we pursued this to pick up which is only getting more and more questions in terms of the tangled web the people who committed these ter- dangerous. of this whole situation. rorist attacks and to hold them ac- In his State of the Union Address last I have yet to talk about what was an countable? The victims deserve justice, week, President Obama gave some re- incredible change in these talking and they have not seen justice. I hope vealing clues as to how he believed the points, which was the removal of the we will get those who murdered our United States should interact with the reference to Al Qaeda. Before they Ambassador and three other brave rest of the world. went through various modifications, Americans on September 11, 2012, and On the whole, his remarks encourage the original set of talking points bring them to justice. It is totally un- Americans not to worry too much talked about Al Qaeda or the potential acceptable that has not yet happened. about international challenges. He sug- of Al Qaeda-affiliated groups being in- We have seen press reports of people gested the situations in Syria and Iran volved in these attacks. Of course, that like Abu Khattala—reported to have are being definitely managed by Amer- now has been confirmed by the bipar- established Ansar al-Sharia, an Al ican diplomats; that Al Qaeda is now a tisan Senate Intelligence Committee Qaeda-affiliated group, and identified regional nuisance that can be report recently revealed. But at the as a prior commander of this group— outsourced to surrogates; that our re- time, the reference to Al Qaeda was re- identified by witnesses as being there lationship with Israel is defined by the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.047 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S742 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 Palestinian peace process, which will tion of Israel, has called this a ‘‘very, rence is hopefully possible. In Iran, the also be resolved in short order through very bad deal.’’ Indeed, Prime Minister supreme leader has made clear his de- American diplomacy; and that our in- Netanyahu has referred to it as a ‘‘his- sire to destroy the nation of Israel and terest in Ukraine is to express support toric mistake.’’ Yet the President pro- as a result of the billions of dollars for the abstract principle that all peo- ceeds on and the Senate refuses even to going to Iran right now, the risk is un- ple should peacefully participate in allow a vote on reimposing sanctions acceptably high that we discover the their own governance. In this rosy sce- to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear same thing that happened in North nario, difficult challenges such as the weapons capability. There has been no Korea happened in Iran, except that we deadly terrorist attacks on Benghazi renunciation of Iran’s State sponsor- discover it because Iran, in pursuit of on September 11, 2012, or the long and ship of terrorism that killed Americans Jihad, detonates a nuclear device over painful ordeal of Pastor Saeed Abedini in Lebanon and in Saudi Arabia and in Tel Aviv or New York or Los Angeles. in an Iranian prison simply do not Afghanistan and in Iraq. The mullahs Not a word of that was acknowledged exist. have gone on a hanging spree, exe- in the President’s speech. I wish we all lived in the utopian cuting some 40 people in the first two On Al Qaeda, President Obama world President Obama painted last weeks of January alone. Meanwhile, claimed: week. But in just a week, numerous billions of dollars are flowing into the While we have put Al Qaeda’s core leader- news reports have come out to suggest country, both through relaxed sanc- ship on a path to defeat, the threat has that picture belongs far more in the tions and Iran’s reemergence as a le- evolved, as Al Qaeda affiliates and other ex- gitimate business partner because of tremists take root in different parts of the world of fantasy than reality. In the in- world—in Yemen, Somalia, Iraq, and Mali, terests of being honest with the Amer- this administration’s misguided deal. and we have to keep working with partners ican people—which I wish our Com- Indeed, Iranian President Hassan to disrupt and disable those networks. mander in Chief had done—I would like Rouhani might almost be forgiven for The reality is that whatever path Al to contrast reality with what we were publicly gloating that ‘‘the Geneva Qaeda is on, it does not currently ap- told last week. deal means the surrender of the big pear to be towards defeat. The recent On Syria, in the State of the Union powers in front of the great nation of assertion by a State Department Address, the President claimed: Iran.’’ I wish he was not speaking the spokeswoman that Ayman al-Zawahiri American diplomacy, backed by the threat truth. That reality did not emerge on is the only core Al Qaeda member left of force, is why serious chemical weapons are the House floor last week. and that thus the threat has been deci- being eliminated, and we will continue to On the House floor, the President mated by the President is demon- work with the international community to claimed: usher in the future the Syrian people de- strably false. For starters, Zawahiri is If John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan no mere abstract threat. He explicitly serve—a future free of dictatorship, terror, could negotiate with the Soviet Union, then and fear. surely a strong and confident America can called for attacks on the United States That is truly a rosy scenario. Yet, negotiate with less powerful adversaries on September 10, 2012, the day before what is the reality? On Sunday, just 4 today. the terrorist attack that claimed the days after the President delivered the The reality is the claim that we are lives of four Americans in Benghazi, in- State of the Union Address, Secretary negotiating with Iran from a position cluding the first U.S. ambassador of State reportedly told a of strength and confidence is a killed on duty since 1979. Zawahiri is congressional delegation that the ad- blinkered view of reality because it actively involved in directing Al Qaeda ministration’s Syria policy is on the isn’t even clear our President is negoti- groups that are active in Syria. But brink of collapse. Syria’s chemical ating towards actual victory. Capitula- core or not core—whatever that weapons are purportedly being de- tion is not victory. President Obama means—the reality is that Al Qaeda stroyed through the intervention of announced in the State of the Union has been at war with the United States Vladimir Putin in what was a major that in order to keep negotiations for more than two decades and the at- diplomatic victory for the Russian going, he would veto any additional tacks of September 11, 2001, are only strongman. But we have learned in re- sanctions Congress might pass to pres- the most spectacular of a series of at- cent days that this process has not pro- sure Iran to actually stop pursuing nu- tacks and attempted attacks launched ceeded as promised. The Syrians have clear weapons—a position that is sup- at us. Trying to parse this threat to ignored their deadlines and only 4 per- ported not only by his current adminis- make it seem less deadly, to make it cent of the stockpiles have been elimi- tration, but expressly by his former seem like less of a threat to Ameri- nated, undoubtedly because Assad Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. Ira- cans, will not make it so. We need to knows there is no compelling reason nian Foreign Minister Javad Zarif has confront what attacked us in 2001. We for him to comply. As for what the good reason to announce publicly he cannot defeat radical Syrian people deserve, after 3 years of has no ‘‘fear’’ of Congress. When Ron- when the President seems unwilling to rudderless U.S. policy, over 130,000 are ald Reagan negotiated with the Sovi- utter the words ‘‘radical Islamic ter- dead, millions are refugees displaced ets, he did it from a clear, strategic rorism.’’ Indeed, the recent Senate Se- across the region, and the oldest Chris- perspective of ‘‘we win, they lose,’’ lect Committee on Intelligence docu- tian communities on the planet are standing for U.S. national interests. He mented that what attacked us in Libya threatened with extinction. Assad is was facing an existential threat that in 2012 is the very same thing that at- entrenched and Al Qaeda is in control he defined as ‘‘the Evil Empire.’’ There tacked us on September 11, 2001. We of the opposition. Sadly, as a result of was no danger or misunderstanding of should not aim simply to disrupt or to the President’s mismanagement, today what the goal was or who was going to disable Al Qaeda terrorists. We should we have no good options in Syria. Yet be doing the surrendering. As a result aim to defeat them. not a word of that made it into his of his leadership, the Cold War was won On Israel, in the State of the Union, State of the Union Address. without firing a shot. Today, on Iran, the President had one mention of Israel On Iran, the President claimed: we are tragically repeating the mis- in that speech. He said: It is American diplomacy, backed by pres- takes of the past—in particular, the American diplomacy is supporting Israelis sure, that has halted the progress of Iran’s mistakes of the Clinton administra- and Palestinians as they engage in difficult nuclear program . . . but necessary talks to end the conflict there; tion—in relaxing sanctions on North to achieve dignity and an independent state The reality is quite different. No en- Korea for the same empty promises for Palestinians, and a lasting peace and se- riched uranium has been destroyed— that they would cease developing nu- curity for the State of Israel—a Jewish State not a pound—and no centrifuges have clear weapons only to have North that knows America will always be at their been dismantled. The Iranians quickly Korea use the billions of dollars we side. refuted the President’s claim in the sent to them—or allowed to go to The reality is sadly much different. State of the Union, announcing, quite them—to develop nuclear weapons. The Over the weekend, we saw a diplomatic publicly, that they have not halted difference is the North Korean leader is spat play out in the press over allega- their progress in the slightest. Amer- motivated by staying in power, which tions that Secretary of State Kerry is ica’s closest ally in the region, the na- means some form of rational deter- actively working behind the scenes to

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00036 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.049 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S743 encourage European countries to Surely, the people gathering in the On Saeed Abedini, the American pas- threaten Israel with boycotts if the frozen snow of Maidan Square, crying tor brutally imprisoned in Iran, Presi- Israelis don’t agree to whatever frame- out for the freedom of the West, de- dent Obama in the State of the Union work Mr. Kerry will propose in two serve more from the leader of the free Address said nothing. The reality is an weeks. Rather than threats from the world than mere blandishments about American citizen has been wrongly im- U.S. Secretary of State, and rather abstract universal rights. prisoned in Iran for more than 1 year than tweets from National Security If you are standing in the frozen simply for professing his Christian Advisor Susan Rice criticizing Israel, streets of Kiev, being beaten, bleed- faith. All of us are blessed to live in a instead, the United States should stand ing—naked, as one opposition leader land where the Constitution guaran- unequivocally with our friend and ally, was—and yet standing proud for free- tees us religious liberty. Yet a Chris- the nation of Israel. We should reaffirm dom, empty generalities from the tian pastor, going to Iran, professing Israel’s unique status as a strong, President do you very little good. his faith, was thrown in a pit of a jail. democratic ally in the Middle East, a On Benghazi, the President claimed There is no more compelling evidence uniquely Jewish State, and that the nothing. We all remember last fall, that the Supreme Leader in Tehran United States appreciates the excruci- during the debates in the Presidential represents the very same repressive atingly difficult security situation in election—just over 1 year ago—when Islamist regime today that he has for which Israel finds itself with the threat the President emphatically stated no so many years and that his goal is not of a nuclear Iran, and that the United one cared more about the terrorist at- peaceful rapprochement with the West States will vigorously defend Israel tack that happened in Benghazi than but the preservation of his own power. from attacks, from international insti- he did. Yet in the year and a half that The President of the United States tutions, from legal onslaughts, and has followed, the word ‘‘Benghazi’’ should be standing and demanding Pas- from attempts to undermine Israel’s seems never to leave his lips. The re- tor Saeed Abedini’s release, not mak- economy through punitive boycotts, ality is we have four Americans mur- ing his captors into diplomatic part- and that the United States is dered in a preventable attack, and that ners. Indeed, it is notable, in the midst unshakably committed to preserving is what the Senate Intelligence Com- of our negotiations in Geneva, the na- Israel’s security, regardless of the sta- mittee concluded in a bipartisan man- tion of Iran transferred Pastor Saeed tus of the peace process. ner; that this was preventable by Al Abedini from one horrible prison to an I commend to my colleagues the re- Qaeda terrorists, and more than 16 even worse prison, where they keep cent remarks Canadian Prime Minister months later, no one in Washington or their death row, where they send peo- Stephen Harper gave in Israel. Those Libya has been held accountable. ple to die, and he did so on the anniver- are the remarks of an ally standing Congress and the American people, sary of Iran’s taking Americans hos- strong with Israel and appreciating the and particularly the families of the tage—what is referred to in Iran as incredible value that Israel provides to fallen, deserve the answers that only a ‘‘Death to America Day.’’ That was not our national security and to peace in joint select committee of Congress accidental. That was meant to thumb the world. I wish our President could could get. Yet, sadly, the majority their nose at our Nation, and the Presi- speak with a fraction of the clarity and leader and Democrats in this Chamber dent—instead of standing for an Amer- solidarity with Israel that the Cana- are blocking a joint select committee. ican wrongfully imprisoned for preach- dian Prime Minister recently provided. ‘‘What difference does it make,’’ ing his Christian faith—the President On Ukraine, the President claimed: former Secretary of State Hillary Clin- instead chose, in the State of the In Ukraine, we stand for the principle that ton asked. It makes all the difference Union Address, to say not a word. all people have a right to express themselves in the world to ascertain the truth. The President concluded his speech freely and peacefully and to have a say in I will note, even though he said not a on foreign policy by saying: their country’s future. word about Benghazi in the State of Finally let’s remember that our leadership The reality is the day after the State the Union, he was forced to say some- is defined not just by our defense against of the Union, Ukraine’s former Presi- thing this week when he was inter- threats, but by the enormous opportunities dent said that the country teeters on viewed by Bill O’Reilly. Before the to do good and promote understanding the brink of civil war. Protesters have Super Bowl, when Bill O’Reilly asked around the globe—to forge great coopera- been brutally tortured and murdered. him about Benghazi, what is striking— tion, to expand new markets, to free people Indeed, one opposition leader described and I would urge everyone to go and from fear and want. And no one is better po- how he was recently crucified. The watch and listen to what the President sitioned to take advantage of those opportu- Ukrainian people’s constitutional said—Bill O’Reilly asked him: Did Sec- nities than America. rights have been trampled. This former retary of Defense tell The reality is, if this past week has Soviet republic has been wrenched him that night that the attacks were proven anything, that American lead- away from a proposed trade agreement the works of terrorists? Mr. O’Reilly ership is not defined by global opportu- with the EU and a path towards mem- asked that question, and yet the Presi- nities to do good and promote under- bership in NATO and instead thrust dent, over and over and over, refused to standing. American leadership is de- back into Russia’s sphere of influence answer a simple yes or no, did Leon Pa- fined by defending and promoting the by a corrupt and autocratic leader, de- netta tell him it was the act of terror- values that have made our Nation priving the United States of an impor- ists. He did not want to answer that great. tant economic and security partner. question, and indeed he did not. We do not do this by ignoring un- We need to tell this story. We need to For those of us who have spent some pleasant realities, refusing to acknowl- look for concrete actions we can take of our career in a court of law, the edge the terrorist attack in Benghazi, right now to demonstrate real support technical term for his answer was sending administration officials out to for the opposition, to demonstrate real ‘‘nonresponsive,’’ and were a judge claim it is not a terrorist attack but support that Ukraine is welcomed by there, he would have directed the the result of an Internet video or refus- the West, and that we will not accede President to answer the question that ing to stand for an American wrong- to Putin’s efforts to reassemble the old was put to him; nor did the President fully imprisoned in Iran for preaching Soviet Union and place Ukraine under say one word about why the talking his Christian faith, and we do not do its domination. points were scrubbed to eradicate any this by refusing to admit failure but by We can start by immediately offering mention of terrorism and the Al Qaeda standing and facing our challenges, ac- a free-trade agreement to Ukraine and affiliates involved. cepting responsibility for our actions, partnerships to help them build nat- We need accountability. We need ac- and speaking out with a clarion voice ural gas infrastructure so they need countability for those four brave Amer- for the freedoms we enjoy—freedoms not remain dependent upon Russia, icans who lost their lives to terrorism that should be the aspiration of every which uses natural gas to blackmail and need to know why no one has been man and woman on the planet. them, and we could immediately re- held accountable in the State Depart- Leading from behind does not work. lease exports of liquid natural gas from ment, nor have any of the terrorists As a result of this administration’s the United States in conjunction with who committed that attack been misguided foreign policy, the world has helping with that infrastructure. brought to justice. become a much more dangerous place

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.050 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S744 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 in the last 5 years. U.S. national secu- We already know the consequences of would like to know that my congress people rity interests have been endangered allowing the Federal benefits to expire are doing the same for me. Donna. dramatically. We see nations such as are not good. At the end of last year, Thirty-plus years of working. She is Russia increasing their sphere of influ- 1.3 million workers lost all unemploy- 55 years old. She has applied for over ence, while the threats to the security ment benefits, and another 3.6 million 300 positions. That is who we are talk- of men and women throughout America jobless workers could lose their bene- ing about here. These are the people we grow and multiply. fits this year. are talking about when we talk about Standing strongly with like-minded In my home State, roughly 9,200 peo- this kind of long-term extension of un- allies and encouraging others to seek ple lost benefits at the end of last year employment. It is something I hope my freedom is not disinterested do- and about 65,000 workers could lose colleagues will keep in mind as we gooding; it is vital work that will pro- their unemployment insurance by the move forward and get this done and get mote the security and prosperity of the end of this year. this passed. United States of America, something I Now is not the time for Congress to ANDREW LUGER NOMINATION believe is ultimately in the interest of cut off extended unemployment insur- Now I would like to turn to another all mankind. ance for those people who have been ac- matter. The only thing these two have I wish, when the President of the tively looking for work for more than in common is they are both kind of vic- United States stood on the floor of the 26 weeks. tims of stalled-out situations of grid- House of Representatives to address These are not the people, as you lock. The second one is about one per- the Nation and to address the world, know, who benefited from the uptick in son, but it is not really about one per- that when he spoke of foreign policy he the stock market over the last few son, it is about a system of justice and had not embraced a foreign policy fan- years. They do not have stock port- it is about a decision on the part of the tasy that disregards the cold, hard re- folios. They are not checking the stock United States, part of our Founding ality of the dangerous world we live in rate. They have not noticed that it has Fathers, the part of our Congress that and the consequences of receding U.S. gone down a little bit recently, and is going way back, that we would have leadership. they have not noticed that it went up a U.S. attorney in most States in this Thank you. I yield the floor. all last year. They are just trying to country, that we would have a U.S. at- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- put food on their table and keep a roof torney who would be charged with en- ator from Minnesota. over their head. They are people who forcing the Federal laws, that the Con- EMERGENCY UNEMPLOYMENT COMPENSATION live in our States and who are our gress would have a role in deciding who EXTENSION ACT that U.S. attorney would be, that the Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, I neighbors. President would recommend, would ap- rise to address two issues. The first is I have heard from countless Minneso- point someone, and then the Congress what is before us. That is the Emer- tans who are sharing their stories with has the job of simply deciding if that gency Unemployment Compensation me about how unemployment insur- person is qualified or not for the job. Extension Act. The second is some- ance is a lifeline for their families and But it is not even just about one per- thing that should be before us; that is, that ending Federal support for the son or one system of government, it is the confirmation of the U.S. attorney long-term unemployed would be dev- also about the people who work in the for Minnesota. This will be the third astating. U.S. attorney’s office, in the case of time in a few days that I have spoken I am sharing some of these letters be- the district of Minnesota, over 100 peo- on this issue, which I will continue to cause they tell the stories of hard- ple, over 50 people who are prosecutors do so until this gets done. working Americans who are doing their I rise in support of the Emergency best to look for work and support their working in the office who deserve to Unemployment Compensation Exten- families. have a full-time leader in the U.S. at- Linda from Little Falls wrote: torney’s job. sion Act. I know we are making 1 progress on a proposal that extends Dear Amy, For 2 ⁄2 years, 888 days—I counted Federal support for emergency unem- Please, please, please fight to extend the each day—Minnesota has not had a ployment compensation for 3 months emergency unemployment past the end of full-time U.S. attorney. It is a modern- and is fully offset. the year. My husband and I are both still un- day record. During those years, from I have spoken about the need to ex- employed, by no fault of our own, and are August 2011 to August 2013, B. Todd both over 55. We are having a very difficult tend Federal support for unemploy- Jones was responsible for doing two time finding employment, and to stop this jobs. He was the Minnesota U.S. attor- ment insurance, and I would like to program would be devastating for us and thank Senator JACK REED and Senator many others that we know. My husband was ney, and as those of us involved in the DEAN HELLER for their bipartisan lead- at his job for 37 years and they closed the long vote in this Chamber that lasted ership on this issue. doors, and I made more than some of the over 8 hours remember, he was also the Unemployment insurance provides a more junior people in my office, so I was let Acting Director of the Bureau of Alco- critical lifeline. Workers pay into the go first. hol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. program so it will be there when they Think of that: a couple, the man They had not had a full-time confirmed are looking for work. Unemployment working at his job for 37 years, the Director for 7 years. So he went in insurance helps families pay the mort- woman more senior at her job saying after the mess with Fast and Furious gage or rent and put gas in the tank. she was let go because she made more and was willing to be the Acting Direc- Federal support for unemployment in- money than others in the office. tor. At the same time he was the U.S. surance is crucial for those Americans She ends by saying: attorney for Minnesota. As you can who exhaust their State-funded bene- Please help to get this extended. I feel like imagine, there was a lot of work and fits and are still looking for work. the people who are still left jobless are being cleanup to do at the ATF. That was Throughout my time as the Senate forgotten! where he was focused for most of his chair of the Joint Economic Com- Thank you. . . . time. mittee, I have focused on the con- Second letter, Donna from Prior Meanwhile, the U.S. attorney’s office tinuing problem of long-term unem- Lake. She says this: in Minnesota kept going. But at some 1 ployment. Last month, I issued a Joint . . . Having worked for over 30 plus years point after 2 ⁄2 years, you cannot keep Economic Committee report that of my life, I am currently unemployed. I going on your own. Over the summer, makes the clear economic case for ex- have applied for over 300 positions during the the Senate finally confirmed B. Todd tending Federal support for unemploy- last 6 months. I do not expect a handout but Jones as Director of the ATF, leaving ment insurance, which keeps those I was really disappointed when I found out the Minnesota U.S. attorney’s position Americans afloat, those Americans that I could no longer receive unemployment finally open for good. Even before the insurance after the 28th of December. . . . confirmation of B. Todd Jones, Senator who are continuing to search for work. It’s not that I am not trying to work, or The long-term unemployment rate that I am not looking for a position, but I FRANKEN and I, upon the recommenda- now stands at 2.5 percent, nearly twice am 55 years old and my full time job right tion of our bipartisan U.S. Attorney as high as when these benefits expired now is to find a job. I am looking for tem- Advisory Committee, had already rec- during the last recession. porary, full time, part-time, contract work. I ommended Andy Luger, Assistant U.S.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.051 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S745 Attorney, to fill the position. That was the rights of our State’s citizens and case, the second biggest Ponzi scheme 197 days ago. tirelessly pursued justice on their be- in U.S. history. Now this case was In November, President Obama nomi- half. This quick action by President originated when, in fact, they had a nated Andy Luger to become the new Taylor and the speed with which the full-time U.S. attorney. Most of the U.S. attorney. The Judiciary Com- Senate has confirmed past U.S. attor- prosecution did take place when they mittee approved his nomination unani- neys for Minnesota shows how much had a full-time U.S. attorney in the of- mously on January 9. Our colleague our government has historically valued fice. Of course, with a major case like from Texas, Senator CRUZ, had no ob- this position. this, you would want a full-time U.S. jection to this nomination. We had no These people have not been used as attorney there to make critical deci- objections on the committee, which is pawns in some kind of a fight over sions. saying a lot, because we have a lot of other issues, they have simply been Also the office has an ongoing ter- different people from different back- confirmed. We have simply gotten it rorism investigation that has led to grounds and different political views on done. I think we can all agree, given charges against 18 people for aiding the the committee. what we have seen with the heroin terrorist organization al-Shabaab—8 of Usually when people speak on nomi- cases that are on the rise all over the whom have been convicted, some re- nations on the floor, it is because they country in the last few months—this ceiving sentences of up to 20 years in are fighting to get someone through has certainly come to our attention in prison. because there is an objection. This is Minnesota. In Hennepin County alone, So at some point, as that investiga- not at all the case in the case of Andy 60 opiate-related deaths in 1 county in tion continues, one wonders why the Luger, who is trying to be the U.S. at- our State in just 6 months of the year. United States of America would want torney for Minnesota. So I think we can all agree that the to have an office overseeing and pros- What has happened in past cases with importance of this position is no less ecuting major terrorist cases without U.S. attorneys? Over the past 20 years, important than it was in 1789 when this having a full-time U.S. attorney. I do 4 Minnesota nominees to be U.S. attor- job was created. wonder if this would ever happen in ney, appointed by Republican and Since the founding of the country, we New York City or in the city of Chi- Democratic Presidents alike, were con- have recognized the great authority cago. I hope people keep this in mind firmed within a day of when they placed in the hands of U.S. attorneys as they look at the situation. passed out of the committee. During to uphold the rule of law, to protect Other major accomplishments of the this timeframe, all of the nominees our freedoms, and to exercise their office include Operation Highlife, a were confirmed within an average of power responsibly and only for just major drug trafficking investigation 91⁄2 days of being voted out of com- ends. A 1935 Supreme Court decision involving more than 100 local, State, mittee. called Berger v. United States has and Federal law enforcement officers It has been 26 days since Mr. Luger gained iconic status for Justice that resulted in 26 indictments, 25 was approved by the committee. It is Sutherland’s description of a prosecu- guilty pleas, and sentences of up to 200 time that we do the right thing by tor’s duty to follow the rule of law, months in prison. quickly confirming him to make sure serve justice, and play by the rules. Operation Brother’s Keeper, a suc- that Minnesota has its highest law en- Justice Sutherland so aptly wrote: cessful investigation and prosecution forcement officer in place. The United States Attorney is the rep- of a RICO case involving a regional 200- I want to thank Senator GRASSLEY resentative not of an ordinary party to a member gang, took 22 dangerous crimi- for his help on this. He actually also controversy, but of a sovereignty whose obli- nals off the streets. This does not gation to govern impartially is as compel- has a U.S. attorney who is pending for sound like a case that should be han- ling as its obligation to govern at all; and dled by an office that does not deserve the District of Iowa. whose interest, therefore, in a criminal pros- Why is the U.S. attorney important? ecution is not that it shall win a case, but a full-time U.S. attorney. That would I thought our pages would be inter- that justice shall be done. be the prosecution of a RICO case in- ested in this fact, because we are going As such, he is in a peculiar and very defi- volving a regional 200-member gang. to be talking a lot about the U.S. at- nite sense the servant of the law, the twofold Or how about Operation Malverde, torney over the next few weeks if this aim of which is that guilt shall not escape which received national attention, and keeps going on. The position of U.S. at- nor innocence suffer. He— was a prosecution of 27 defendants as- And we could say he or she for the sociated with a Mexican drug cartel, torney is a law enforcement post that modern day. the Founders regarded as so vital that including the apprehension of the car- —may prosecute with earnestness and they created it during the very first tel’s regional leader, and sentences as vigor—indeed, he should do so. But, while he high as 20 years in prison. Congress in the Judiciary Act of 1789. my strike hard blows, he is not at liberty to This is the same act that created the strike foul ones. It is as much his duty to re- The office also recently played a key Attorney General and the structure of frain from improper methods calculated to role in shutting down a major syn- the Supreme Court and the lower produce a wrongful conviction as it is to use thetic drug seller in Duluth. This head courts. According to the act, each judi- every legitimate means to bring about a just shop was a major problem. They went cial district would be provided with: one. after this head shop. They prosecuted a person learned in the law to act as attor- That is the kind of statement that the owner. The owner was recently in ney for the United States . . . whose duty it rings as true today as it did nearly 80 his house and was found to have over shall be to prosecute in each district all years ago. The men and women in the $700,000 in plastic bags hidden in his delinquents for crimes and offenses cog- Minnesota U.S. attorney’s office exem- bathroom. They won that case. nizable under the authority of the United plify the professionalism, high ethical These are just a few of the major States, and all civil actions in which the standards, and unwavering commit- cases that office has worked on in re- United States shall be concerned . . . ments to the rule of law and public cent years. I will be telling you more in The U.S. attorney is a position so safety that we expect of prosecutors. the days to come. necessary that President Zachary Tay- They work to protect public safety by After 888 days without a full-time lor appointed Henry Moss—this is a focusing on offenders who harm our boss, these hard-working people de- name you may not have heard of be- communities: terrorists, the ‘‘worst of serve a leader, and Mr. Luger is the fore—to the post within 2 days of Min- the worst’’ violent criminals and drug right person for the job. Again, I am nesota becoming a State. So back then traffickers, and major financial not up here speaking about this be- somehow they are able to get it done in fraudsters. cause anyone in the Senate objects to 2 days. Now, we have been waiting 888 They also work closely with local law Mr. Luger for the job. days. But in 2 days they were able to enforcement to ensure local and Fed- It is time we vote on Mr. Luger’s get a U.S. attorney in the job when eral resources are used efficiently and nomination. In the past, as we know, Minnesota first became a State. effectively to prevent crime and lock U.S. attorney nominations have simply Since 1849, the District of Min- up criminals. gone through on voice votes, without nesota’s 31 U.S. attorneys have upheld For example, the office won a convic- much hurrah, within a few days after the rule of law, the Constitution, and tion in a $3.65 billion Ponzi scheme they go through the committee. Mr.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.058 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S746 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 Luger is a dedicated public servant and dustry provides thousands of good-pay- that I and many colleagues on both has the breadth of experience, strength ing jobs, American jobs, and billions of sides of the aisle have been working to of character, and commitment to jus- dollars to the economy of our region. I get over the finish line. I am pleased tice that makes him a well-qualified fought to make sure we kept this vital we have finally come together to pass a candidate to serve as Minnesota’s next program in place. bipartisan 5-year farm bill that will U.S. attorney. I have no doubt that he This bill also includes crop insurance make needed reforms and give farmers will uphold the principles Justice Suth- so farmers have certainty with respect the certainty they need to plan for the erland sought in that opinion in a U.S. to their planting decisions. future. The bill we passed will not only attorney. I urge my colleagues to sup- One of the things the farm bill does, support rural America but our entire port Mr. Luger’s confirmation and to which was very important to me and to Nation. finally give the Minnesota U.S. attor- so many people, is to link the crop in- I yield the floor. ney’s office and its hard-working pros- surance program to conservation. Min- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. WAR- ecutor the full-time U.S. attorney they nesota farmers are good stewards of REN). The Senator from Wyoming. deserve. the land and understand how critical Mr. BARRASSO. Last week Presi- I yield the floor and I suggest of a conservation is, and so do our hunters dent Obama came to Congress and de- quorum. and our anglers. With this provision in livered the State of the Union Address. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the farm bill, when our farmers receive He admitted that under the Obama clerk will call the roll. the crop insurance benefits, they also economy too many Americans are still The assistant legislative clerk pro- agree to implement conservation prac- out of work. The President didn’t ceeded to call the roll. tices that are good for our land and for admit that his policies were to blame, Mr. FRANKEN. Mr. President, I ask our water. but he did promise to act. He said: unanimous consent that the order for In addition to a strong safety net in ‘‘Wherever and whenever I can take the quorum call be rescinded. the conservation provisions, the bill steps without legislation to expand op- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without also contains many provisions that are portunity for more American families, objection, it is so ordered. very important to Minnesota agri- that’s what I am going to do.’’ What THE FARM BILL culture. For example, I pushed to in- the President promised all of us he Mr. FRANKEN. Mr. President, I am clude provisions to support beginning promised the country last week. very pleased that we were able to vote farmers. With the average age of farm- I believe the President could start by on and pass a badly needed and long- ers in Minnesota approaching 60, we coming clean about how his health care overdue 5-year farm bill today and that need to invest in a new generation of law is hurting jobs and harming mid- we are finally on the verge of enacting farmers and ranchers. That is why the dle-class Americans. beginning farmer and rancher program the legislation into law with the Presi- Just this morning, the Congressional has been a priority of mine. This im- dent’s signature. Budget Office put out their estimate With one in five jobs in Minnesota portant program will support training that the President’s health care law connected to agriculture, passing this and education for beginning farmers, will reduce the number of full-time bill has been a top priority of mine. I and it will help new farmers overcome workers by 2.3 million people by the the steep financial hurdles they often have been working on it for over 21⁄2 year 2021. That includes people who face when starting. years, along with a large number of my will lose their jobs, people who will I am also very proud of the com- have their hours cut, and mostly peo- colleagues, and I have gone all around prehensive energy title of the bill, ple who will decide not to work. This is Minnesota talking to farmers and busi- which I helped to author. The energy one of the perverse incentives in this nesses. They tell me not only did they sector in agriculture produces jobs and terrible law. It actually encourages want a 5-year farm bill, but they need- supports rural communities in Min- able-bodied people to not work. We are ed a 5-year farm bill so they could plan nesota and across the country. The en- already faced with the lowest labor for the future. Well, we finally have ergy title includes programs such as force participation rate we have seen in gotten it done. the Rural Energy for America Pro- 35 years and this number they have There are so many important pieces gram—or REAP—which provides farm- come out with—over 2 million fewer to this bill, and I want to speak about ers and rural business services with jobs in our economy. When we were de- a few of them today. loans and grants so they can invest in When I meet with farm leaders and energy efficiency and renewable energy bating the health care in the Senate visit farms all across Minnesota, I hear to reduce their energy bills. and the CBO came out with their esti- over and over about the importance of It also includes programs to help mate based on the way they read the providing farmers with a strong safety rural America develop advanced law before it went into effect, they said net. There is a lot of uncertainty when biofuels that will help wean the Nation this could negatively impact jobs and it comes to farming. Once a farmer off of foreign oil. It also includes pro- the economy to the tune of 800,000. Now puts his crop into the ground, the crops grams to help move the Nation away we are at 21⁄2 times that many—over 2 are vulnerable to drought, to too much from a foreign petroleum economy, the million fewer jobs—and as a result spe- rain, to disease, and different kinds of way products are increasingly made cifically of the health care law. We pests and to other natural disasters. In out of homegrown renewable biomass. should be doing all we can to increase 2012, for example, we witnessed a ter- Those are only some of what I fought labor force participation. The health rible drought that devastated the Na- for in the bill. The bill does all of these care law actually pushes it in the oppo- tion’s corn and soybean crops and critically important things while also site direction. forced ranchers to cull their livestock. reducing the deficit by billions of dol- The Congressional Budget Office also All of these safety net programs in lars. said this morning that the health care the bill are important because they Like all bipartisan compromises, the law will provide health insurance to 2 protect our farmers and ranchers, and bill is not perfect. In particular, I am million fewer people this year than they also protect American consumers not happy with the cuts to the nutri- previous estimates had expected. One by making sure families have a reli- tion program on which so many low-in- of the main reasons Democrats insisted able, domestically produced supply of come families rely. I am somewhat re- they needed to pass this law in the first food. lieved in the end these cuts were closer place was to cover uninsured people. The bill provides disaster assurances to what was in the original Senate bill Now the Congressional Budget Office for livestock producers. It contains a than the draconian cuts the House of doesn’t even expect it to do the job the dairy program so our dairy producers Representatives had called for and Democrats intended it to do very well. have the certainty they need. It con- passed in their bill. I appreciate the The law is raising costs, it is hurting tains a sugar program to help protect tough job, though, my colleagues had middle-class Americans, and not even our sugar growers, American sugar on their hands to arrive at a final com- helping the people the Democrats told growers. promise. us it was going to help in the first Minnesota is home to a large number At the end of the day, this is an in- place. President Obama promised last of beet sugar growers, and the sugar in- credibly important piece of legislation week to act and to do something to

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.059 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S747 create jobs. What we see is this health Now that the complaints from the elected to make decisions. The science care law is actually reducing jobs and far-left environmental extremists have is settled. The President should be em- reducing the number of people work- been debunked, what do they say? Ac- barrassed when his former Secretary of ing. There are other things the Presi- cording to the news reports, some will Energy says the decision on whether dent could do to help create jobs. The have protests and some are planning the construction should happen was a first thing, though, would be to work lawsuits. had a political one and not a scientific one. with Republicans to help repeal the story this Sunday entitled ‘‘For pipe- Any objections have been heard; they health care law and come up with re- line, the ‘gut check’ moment.’’ It have been answered. There are no more forms that will actually work. talked about some of the fanatical excuses. It is time for the President to He could also look at a number of the anti-energy protesters who refuse to make up his mind. Is he going to follow options on the energy front that would accept the science. They want to pres- the science or just the politics? He help the private sector create jobs—no sure the President and Secretary of should approve the Keystone XL Pipe- government money needed. State Kerry to make sure these jobs line. He should do it now. He should do The President says he wants to do never get created. This is one good the job he was elected to do so middle- things that don’t require legislation. quote: ‘‘Neva Goodwin, co-director of class Americans can do the jobs they Without any legislation at all, the the Global Development and Environ- desperately want to do. President could approve the Keystone ment Institute at Tufts University and XL Pipeline and expand opportunity Madam President, I yield the floor. a contributor to Kerry’s past cam- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- for thousands of American families. paigns, said that she will be opposing Over the past 5 years, a small number ator from Vermont. the pipeline in another way.’’ of lawyers, consultants, bureaucrats, The article quotes her as saying: ‘‘I Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, what and environmental activists have made am working with an informal network is the parliamentary situation? a living over haggling about the pipe- of political donors that will be pushing The PRESIDING OFFICER. The mo- line. Meanwhile, the President has Kerry to do the right thing.’’ tion to proceed to S. 1963. turned his back on middle-class people Political donors and activists on the Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I ask who are in need of jobs, desperate need left are committed to killing this pipe- unanimous consent that I be allowed to of jobs—people living in Montana, line, regardless of the science, regard- speak for up to 10 minutes as in morn- South Dakota, Nebraska, other States. less of the middle-class jobs, and re- ing business. TransCanada submitted its applica- gardless of what is in the best interests tion for a permit to build the Keystone The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of the country. XL Pipeline more than 5 years ago. objection, it is so ordered. I find it astonishing that former En- Ever since, President Obama has wast- SUPPORTING LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS AND ergy Secretary Steven Chu said yester- ed America’s time and money grasping FIRST RESPONDERS day, on this very point, what about the for excuses in order for him to be able science, what about the cost-benefit Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, last to reject it. analysis. President Obama’s former week, Attorney General Eric Holder The State Department’s latest envi- appeared before the Senate Judiciary ronmental review confirms yet again Secretary of Energy said yesterday: ‘‘The decision on whether the construc- Committee for a regular oversight that the pipeline shows no significant hearing. I appreciated the Attorney environmental impact, and it will sup- tion should happen was a political one, not a scientific one.’’ So much for the General’s cooperation and willingness port more than 42,000 jobs. Last sum- to appear before the Committee to dis- mer, the President sneered at those President of the United States saying the decision would be based on science. cuss a variety of important matters. jobs. He said they were just ‘‘a blip rel- His testimony reminded us of the Jus- ative to the need.’’ For out-of-work The President’s activist base will be mobilizing and fighting against good tice Department’s central role in car- Americans, those jobs are more than a rying out the policy of Congress to sup- blip. For them, this is more than a American jobs. So what does the ad- ministration itself say? It says it port our Nation’s law enforcement offi- pipeline, it is a lifeline. It is way past cers and first responders. time for President Obama to quit stall- wants to wait for some more opinions. There is one vital program that pro- ing and to finally do the right thing for The White House Chief of Staff said vides support to the families of fallen those Americans. Sunday that the President wants offi- They say the definition of insanity is cials from the Environmental Protec- law enforcement officers and other doing the same thing over and over and tion Agency, the Energy Department, first responders, and that is the Public expecting different results. Yet the and other agencies to tell him what Safety Officers’ Benefits Program—the Obama administration has been doing they think. I know what the former PSOB. I am proud to have authored the same thing over and over. Secretary of Energy thought. He said legislation that has expanded and im- We have had a draft environmental the decision on whether the construc- proved the PSOB in important ways so impact statement. We have had a sup- tion should happen was a political deci- that we honor the sacrifices made by plemental environmental impact state- sion, not a scientific one. our law enforcement officers and first ment, we have had a final environ- You don’t need to look any further. responders. From my Hometown He- mental impact statement, then we Look at the history of the project. roes Survivors Benefits Act to the Dale have had a draft supplemental impact TransCanada applied to build this pipe- Long Public Safety Officers’ Benefits statement, and Friday we had the final line more than 5 years ago. The Obama Improvement Act, I have fought to supplemental environmental impact administration has set deadlines and make sure that all of the families who statement. said it would make a decision. First, it have lost an officer or first responder People at home listening to this was the end of 2011; then it was after are honored. We got those laws passed would say why would it take 2 years— the election in 2012; and then it was at to honor the service of these dedicated and it did, it took 2 years—to go from the end of 2013. That is what President first responders and we exercised con- the supplemental draft environmental Obama promised Republican Senators siderable oversight to make sure the impact to the draft supplemental envi- when he met with us last March. The program was administered fairly and ronmental impact statement. It makes administration has missed every dead- efficiently. We wish we didn’t need the no sense at all. This is the fifth report line, broken every promise. It is inter- PSOB program because it is a reminder by the State Department and the con- esting because the last time the Senate to Americans about the dangers law clusion is always the same. They could voted on the subject, 17 Democrats enforcement officers face every day. do this report another 5 times or an- joined every Republican to support the But because they do face those dan- other 50 times. The result is still going pipeline. gers, we need the program. I thank the to be the same. It is a simple cost-ben- The Obama administration is still Attorney General for his leadership efit analysis. The cost is no significant trying to find a way to evade and to and commitment to making this pro- environmental impact. The benefits avoid having to make a decision. This gram more responsive to Congressional are at least 42,000 jobs and a chance to really ought to be embarrassing to an intent and more effective for grieving reduce our dependence on overseas oil. administration. President Obama was families.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.061 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S748 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 Sadly, in 2013, the National Law En- been reauthorized three times by unan- struction of this proven commonsense forcement Officers Memorial Fund re- imous consent. Bulletproof vests have legislation. Do your press conferences, ported that 111 law enforcement offi- saved the lives of more than 3,000 law if you want. Say you are in favor of law cers in the United States were killed in enforcement officers. These are officers enforcement. Who is going to be the line of duty. This preliminary data who put their own lives on the line. against law enforcement? But then reflects an eight percent decrease from They do not stop to say: Wait a prove it. Let us get these passed. the number of officer fatalities in 2012, minute, how did people vote on the bul- I am proud that every Democratic and amounts to the fewest line of duty letproof vest act? They respond when member has supported it, and most Re- deaths in more than five decades. This they are called. publicans do. Those few who are op- trend is good news, but Congress must Unfortunately, since 2012, a few Re- posed, let us vote. In the coming not let up on its effort to increase offi- publican Senators have blocked pas- weeks, as the Senate moves closer to cer safety. Every single line-of-duty sage of this bill and thwarted the vast recognizing our Nation’s fallen law en- death represents enormous tragedy for majority of senators who want to see forcement officers during National Po- the families but also for the commu- this program reauthorized so that it lice Week in May, I intend to come to nities of these officers. can continue to save the lives of those the floor to seek unanimous consent to For decades, Congress has been stead- who keep our communities safe. There pass these long-stalled bills. If Sen- fast in its support of law enforcement is no dispute that the Bulletproof Vest ators want to oppose them, fine, vote officers, and has traditionally main- Partnership program saves lives. In against them, but they ought to be tained policies to increase officer safe- testimony before the Senate Judiciary willing to join me on the floor and ex- ty and well-being. Until recently, Con- Committee in February 2012, the Gov- plain those objections to the thousands gress has acted decisively in support of ernment Accountability Office noted of law enforcement officers and fami- those who dedicate themselves to pro- that since 1987, bulletproof vests have lies who will soon gather in Wash- tecting their communities. As someone saved the lives of more than 3,000 law ington to honor those who have made who had the privilege to serve in law enforcement officers. I am disappointed the ultimate sacrifice in service to enforcement for 8 years, I am so proud we can’t all come together to promote their fellow citizens. of what we have done in the past. But the safety of our Nation’s law enforce- Our law enforcement officers risk now, for some reason, there are some in ment officers who put their lives on the their lives every day to keep us safe. Congress who do not believe the sup- line every day to ensure our safety. It They deserve a Congress that does port of law enforcement officers and is our duty to support them and I call more than just talk about their serv- first responders can be a Federal re- on all senators to stand with them and ice. They deserve protection. sponsibility. I disagree. I remain com- pass this important legislation. One of the saddest days I ever spent mitted to fighting for all of our State Madam President, I remember walk- as State’s attorney was going to the fu- and local law enforcement officials. ing down the street in a town in Colo- neral of a police officer killed in the Last fall the Senate Judiciary Com- rado and a police officer in uniform line of duty. It was a snowy day in mittee reported two important bills to walked up to me and asked: Are you Vermont. The snow was falling gently support our Nation’s law enforcement Senator LEAHY? I said: I am. He tapped from the sky, and there were several officers. Both bills would help protect his chest, and you could hear the miles of police cars—their blue lights the lives of law enforcement officers. thunk, thunk of the bulletproof vest, reflected against the white snow. Such Both have been approved in this body and he said: I want to thank you, and a peaceful scene—but not for the fam- for immediate passage by every single I want to thank Senator Campbell. ily of that police officer. I said to my- Democratic Senator. Unfortunately, That is all he said. I was choked up lis- self that I would do everything I could there are some Republican Senators tening to him. to protect them, and I appreciate those who continue to obstruct passage of The Judiciary Committee also re- Republicans and Democrats who have both bills in the Senate. I worry that ported the National Blue Alert Act. joined me on this. We cannot bring some are putting ideology ahead of the This is a bipartisan bill. It passed the back a fallen officer but we can and we safety of our law enforcement officers. House of Representatives by an over- must work together to protect the next More than a decade ago, a Republican whelming majority of Republicans and one who may come under fire. I call on Senator from Colorado, Senator Ben Democrats. The National Blue Alert friends from across the aisle to join all Nighthorse Campbell, and I joined Act would create a national alert sys- the rest of us, and your fellow Repub- forces—again, because both of us had a tem to notify all State and Federal law licans who have already joined, to pro- law enforcement background—and we enforcement agencies with critical in- tect law enforcement officers. Let us authored the Bulletproof Vest Partner- formation when an officer is injured or immediately reauthorize the Bullet- ship Grant Act. We worked across the killed in the line of duty. I am a proud proof Vest Partnership Grant Act, and aisle to get both Republicans and cosponsor of it. It is sponsored by Sen- let us pass Senator CARDIN and Senator Democrats to support us, and we cre- ator CARDIN and Senator GRAHAM, a GRAHAM’s National Blue Alert Act. ated a grant program that has assisted key Democrat and Republican. This We have many—I know in my office— State and local law enforcement agen- bill would help apprehend a fugitive who have worked on this. I will men- cies in purchasing more than 1 million suspected of seriously injuring or kill- tion Matt Virkstis, whose background protective vests. ing a law enforcement officer and who is at the Vermont Law School, that In fact, Madam President, I remem- is fleeing through multiple jurisdic- some in this body are well aware of, ber a police officer who testified before tions. It defies common sense that any such as our distinguished Senate Par- the Judiciary Committee telling us senator would object to this legisla- liamentarian. But I also appreciate all how much he loved law enforcement, tion, which contains no fiscal author- those police officers—and I have no but what he loved even more was his ization and is universally supported by idea what their politics are—who come family, his parents, his wife, and his law enforcement leaders across the in to say thank you to those of us who children. When he talked, he said: I country. have supported the Bulletproof Vest came within a second of never being In recent weeks, some Senators have Partnership program. It is such an easy with them again. He said: This is what expressed concern for the safety of law thing to do. It should be noncontrover- saved me. He pulled up from under the enforcement officers in the context of sial. Let us get back to the days where, desk a bulletproof vest and we could the Senate confirmation process. I do when we have something noncontrover- see the slugs stuck in it. He said: I was not question that these Senators are as sial, we just pass it. Together we can ambushed and had a cracked rib, but concerned as I am about the safety of honor the service of those who keep us later that day I saw my family. With- law enforcement officers, but I invite safe. out this vest and the Bulletproof Vest those who have expressed concern be- Madam President, I yield the floor. Partnership Grant Act, I never would fore the cameras for the well-being of I see my dear friend is here, so I will have seen my family again. law enforcement officers to come here not suggest the absence of a quorum. I Between 2000 and 2010, the Bullet- and support the two bills I have dis- yield the floor, and I yield back the re- proof Vest Partnership Grant Act has cussed today and end the needless ob- mainder of my time.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.062 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S749 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Again, this is the Congressional season when interest groups from our ator from Indiana. Budget Office—a nonpartisan group es- State come with many creative and in- THE DEBT AND DEFICIT tablished by this body to deal with novative ideas as to how they could Mr. COATS. Madam President, I re- numbers and give us facts and projec- better spend or spend more money on turned to the Senate in 2011 to tackle tions from economists who give us the their particular programs. what I believed to be the greatest chal- opportunity then to look at how we They come in and say, ‘‘We are here lenge facing our country, and I have shape policies. to encourage you to increase spending devoted much of my first 3 years in I was stunned by the CBO report, and for medical research at the National this returned term on working to I would like to share the shocking find- Institutes of Health’’ or, ‘‘We are here achieve a debt reduction agreement ings. I hope every Member of Congress to have you understand how important that would put our Nation on a path to will look at this. I am going to dis- scholarship grants, Pell grants, and fiscal health and fiscal responsibility. tribute it on behalf of the Joint Eco- others are for enrollment of students in I have been involved in discussions nomic Committee so we have access to our States’’ or, ‘‘We are here to talk for endless hours and days and months this. But it ought to send a shock wave about the need to improve our infra- with my colleagues on both sides of the through all of us, and it ought to pro- structure, to pave our roads and fill aisle—Republicans and Democrats— vide us with the courage and the will potholes and build and repair and es- with the administration and with out- to step up and do what I think we all tablish new infrastructure for the side groups over trying to put together know we need to do. movement of water, sewage treat- a long-term deficit and debt reduction Finding No. 1. The national debt has ment.’’ On and on it goes. We can go plan that will put us on the path to fis- exploded over the last several years. right down the list of literally hun- cal health, to finding a way forward to Gross Federal debt in 2014 is projected dreds of requests as to how tax dollars deal with our ever mounting debt. to reach $17.7 trillion, which is a figure ought to be spent to better improve our I am committed to working with my larger than our entire economy and an States, to better improve our health, colleagues and the administration on increase of over $7 trillion in just the to better improve our education, to this issue because I believe, ultimately, last 5 years under this President. better improve a whole range of things, the most important thing we can do for Point No. 2. CBO projects cumulative including support for national security. the future of our country, for future deficits from 2014–2023 to be $1 trillion I have to look them in the eye and generations—the most important leg- larger than last year’s projection for say: Every year we have a smaller pot acy we can leave during our term of the same time period. of money percentage-wise of our budget service here—is to solve our Nation’s Last year was startling enough. Now to apply to all these discretionary fiscal crisis. we learn—after 1 year of sequestration, Recently, we have heard relatively spending programs which Congress has holding down spending, and speeches little about this. Despite efforts which to approve every year. on this floor saying we are getting con- I say: I am really not here to argue have been ongoing for the last 4 to 6 trol of this, CBO comes along and says years, we have not come to a resolu- about whether money for the National the cumulative deficits from 2014 to tion; we have not come to an agree- Institutes of Health is more important 2023 will be $1 trillion larger than they ment which puts us at the beginning of than money for education grants or thought just last year. So while we are a path to resolve this problem. Yet money for infrastructure development congratulating ourselves for holding each year it mounts. Our debt dramati- or any other endeavor in which the cally increases. We continue on deficit down spending, we are told we are add- Federal Government is involved. spending. ing $1 trillion more than was projected Every year all of these are going to Even though we have made a few ef- and anticipated last year. be faced with less money to fund these forts to reduce deficit spending to half Now we are dealing with the so-called programs. Some of them ought to re- of what it has been—at least for this Affordable Care Act—yet to be proven ceive less and some of them ought to be coming year, based on the sequester to be affordable. CBO says that closed and the waste and fraud ought and the implication of that—it is also ObamaCare will reduce the number of to be eliminated. Nevertheless, there clear that this is temporary. It is also full-time workers by 2.3 million people are essential functions that need to be clear that whether we reduce it in half through 2021. At a time when this was funded, and they won’t be able to be or not, the other half still amounts to sold as a plan to put Americans back to funded adequately and will continue to more than half a trillion dollars of ex- work, as something that would reduce shrink as the mandatory spending runs cess spending, driving our debt higher our deficit because we would get con- out of control. and higher. trol of out-of-control health care But to think that of all the revenue— I am privileged to serve as the senior spending, we are told by the Congres- all the tax dollars that come into the Republican Senator on the Joint Eco- sional Budget Office that the number Treasury 10 years from now, 94 percent nomic Committee. We spend a fair of full-time workers will decrease by will be spent on programs we have no amount of time looking at the projec- 2.3 million. This is a significant in- control over and won’t be available for tions for the future and how they ought crease from the last estimate of 800,000 any of the things I mentioned and doz- to shape our actions here in the Con- during the same time period. So we ens—if not more—of programs. It is gress, as well as how we should work have gone from an 800,000 projection simply unsustainable. Ninety-four per- with the administration in terms of not that long ago to 2.3 million. cent. Six percent left to provide for our dealing with this issue. Point No. 4. Mandatory spending— national security and national defense, The Congressional Budget Office is a particularly our health and retirement our institutes of health, education, in- nonpartisan group who deals with num- security programs—is crowding out all frastructure development, manufac- bers, not with politics—at least they other priorities. The Congressional turing innovation, research and devel- are not supposed to. They bring about Budget Office once again has said that opment—you name it. their annual ‘‘Budget and Economic as we look at our total budget, the CBO also said Social Security is in Outlook,’’ which was released today. mandatory spending continues to jeopardy. They project that Social Se- Looking at it is shocking. Never has crowd out all other spending priorities. curity ‘‘will continue to run cash flow my conviction been stronger than This figure stood out and stunned me deficits every year during the next dec- today when I read this outlook which because it is the first time I have seen ade.’’ And the disability insurance has just been released. It addresses such an extraordinary jump in the trust fund will be insolvent by 2017. issues important for all of us. I am mandatory spending percentage of our That is 3 years away. going to talk about just the top 10. But total spending. Let me repeat that. The Congres- if this is not a siren call to us to On mandatory spending, CBO says in- sional Budget Office said that at the refocus our efforts on this issue, we are terest on the debt is projected to con- current rate the Social Security dis- going to regret to the end of our lives sume 94 percent of all Federal revenues ability insurance trust fund will be in- not having taken action to begin the 10 years from now, squeezing out fund- solvent in 3 years. process of getting this country’s fiscal ing for all other priorities. Squeezing They also said mandatory spending health and responsibility back in order. out? Eliminating. We are entering the on health care programs is exploding.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.063 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S750 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 We have heard it said on this floor its projection of GDP growth’’ in 2014, dent directly and with some of his top and we have heard it mentioned in the based on late-2013 data. So the numbers advisers to try to put something in State of the Union Address and by the we are dealing with today may be over- place, as modest as it was or as it administration numerous times, that ly optimistic. As dire as this report is, seemed to end up being—and we were we are getting control of our exploding it may be that we are underestimating not even able to complete that. That health care costs through the Afford- the damage that will come from our in- burden, that responsibility, that legacy able Care Act. In 2013 the Federal Gov- ability to control spending and put us rests on our shoulders. That duty rests ernment spent $861 billion on Medicare, on a path to fiscal health. on our shoulders, to acknowledge these Medicaid, and other major health care This isn’t another siren alerting facts, acknowledge these numbers, and programs. This year the collective cost Washington to the stark reality of our to understand what impact it is going is expected to reach $933 billion and country desperately needing a real debt to have on the future of this country, then nearly double by the year 2024 to reduction agreement; this is, a five- our children and grandchildren, $1.8 trillion. I don’t call that getting alarm fire. Our fiscal house is engulfed everybody’s children and grand- control of our health care costs. Yet in flames. The question is, When are children, and perhaps even our genera- this mandatory spending part of our we, who have been given the responsi- tion. budget will continue to grow to the bility by the people we represent, going So I will be distributing this report point where we simply have no money to have the courage to stand and do from Republicans on the Joint Eco- left for any other function of govern- something about this, to put out this nomic Committee. I am hoping our re- ment. fire? port sends out yet another alarm, and All this, of course, is based on inter- We cannot overlook the fact that our we will not simply rest on the fact that est rates and the assumption as to Nation is facing record deficits as far we have made a baby step here in what they will be. CBO says interest on as the eye can see. We are careening on terms of getting some control over our our debt is set to double. Annual inter- an unsustainable, unstable fiscal path. spending. But as we turn around—akin est payments on the national debt are We need all hands on deck to address to a little grass fire over here that we estimated to more than double over the this now—not tomorrow, not after the put out across the street while the five- next 10 years from 1.3 percent of our next election. How many times have we alarmer is burning away, blazing away, gross domestic product in 2014 to 3.3 heard, after this next election, we need and we are saying we will deal with it percent of GDP in 2024. And we know to dig down and roll up our sleeves and later. We can’t deal with it later. We from the past that estimates of what take on this challenge. We need to do must deal with it now. will happen with interest rates will this now because the threat is now. I yield the floor. drive that rate higher, particularly as A credible, long-term plan to reduce The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- our fiscal crisis gets more desperate. our debt and put our country back on a ator from Connecticut. Point No. 8. Again, the Congressional path of fiscal health and economic Mr. MURPHY. Madam President, I Budget Office says: We have a spending growth and opportunity is the only ask unanimous consent to engage in a problem and not a taxing problem. Pro- way we can preserve the America we colloquy with the Senator from Hawaii jected revenues will exceed the 40-year enjoy today or have enjoyed in the for up to 20 minutes. past. It is the only way to preserve historical average of gross domestic The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that for future generations. So I think product this year and outpace growth objection, it is so ordered. in our economy over the next 10 years. we have a generational responsibility So they say the problem isn’t too lit- that is as important as any we have COLLEGE AFFORDABILITY AND INNOVATION ACT tle revenue. That is going to continue faced before. Mr. MURPHY. Madam President, I to pour in here as we continue to raise Many say our legacy rests on what am on the floor with my colleague Sen- taxes. But you can’t raise taxes fast we do here. Whether that is true, we ator SCHATZ from Hawaii to talk about enough or adequate enough without, certainly will be measured by what we our recent introduction of a piece of one, destroying our economy or lim- do or what we don’t do relative to this legislation entitled ‘‘The College Af- iting our economy, but, secondly, to particular crisis. Again, this is not a fordability and Innovation Act of 2014,’’ keep pace with the spending, which Republican conservative standing and which we introduced along with our will hit its projected average of 20.5 saying: This is how I see things. I am good friends Senator MURRAY of Wash- percent this year and over the next 10 simply reciting how the entity we turn ington and Senator SANDERS of years outpace economic growth to a to, the Congressional Budget Office—a Vermont. greater degree. neutral body which just does the math By way of framing the conversation CBO notes that ‘‘after 2024, the long- and then draws conclusions from it— we will have today, I wish to speak term trajectory of spending will drive actually, we draw the conclusions; they about one particular college that up debt to nearly unprecedented levels. put the numbers down. This is what the maybe paints a picture of the crisis we Let me repeat that. This is a quote Congressional Budget Office has told are in today with respect to the mount- from the Congressional Budget Office: us. These are stunning numbers, much ing cost that confronts kids and fami- ‘‘After 2024, the long-term trajectory of more than any of us anticipated. I lies when they want to get a college spending will drive up debt to nearly think there has been a little lull of us education and the variety of out- unprecedented levels.’’ thinking: Well, we have things under comes—the frankly surprising and CBO suggests that such an upward control. We had sequester; that was often shocking variety of outcomes— path would ultimately be unsus- kind of messy, but it did save some that students are getting when they tainable. money. Now we have a budget. We are show up at the doors of institutions of Point No. 9. Labor force participation going forward and back to regular education, particularly institutions of will continue to decline over the next order. for-profit education. Corinthian Col- several years. CBO projects that labor What is regular order? Regular order lege is a school in California—not a participation will drop to 62.5 percent is continuing to spend more than a small one but a pretty big college. It by the end of 2017, fueled in part by the one-half trillion dollars more than we has about 100 campuses in 25 different mandates in the Affordable Care Act bring in, in revenue. Raising taxes, ac- States. Let me give some statistics and negative impact on job creators as cording to CBO, is not going to solve about Corinthian College. After about a result. the problem; that just hinders eco- a year, over half of the students who Point No. 10. The Congressional nomic growth. enroll drop out. When they are finished Budget Office suggests that even these So those of us on both sides of this with their education, whether it be to dire projections may be overly opti- body who have worked to address these a degree or not, about one-third of all mistic. CBO projects real economic issues now, not later; those of us who students who go to Corinthian default growth of 3.1 percent, which is notably have worked with the administration— on their student loans. If 56 percent higher than private sector and IMF es- and I was part of a small group work- isn’t a bad enough number in terms of timates of 2.4 percent to 2.8 percent. ing with the administration over a 7- 1-year dropout rates, after 4 years, only CBO says that it ‘‘would probably trim month period of time with the Presi- 6 percent of all the kids who walk in

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.069 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S751 through the doors of Corinthian Col- for that, whether they got that experi- that is good. That is a matter of na- lege get a degree—6 percent of those ence studying at a high school or in the tional strategy. That is about the kids. work force or in the military. Some American dream. That is about the Affordability isn’t an argument in students don’t have to start as a fresh- premise that the President talked favor of this school either. For a legal man; some students can start as a about in his State of the Union Ad- assistant degree, they charge $28,000, sophomore or a junior. dress, which is that if people work hard but down the street at a community Maybe it is a renewed effort to con- and play by the rules, they can move college a person can get that same de- solidate graduate programs with under- up the economic ladder. Higher edu- gree for $2,500. They have a 35-percent graduate programs. I think President cation is one of the best ways to do default rate, a 6-percent 4-year gradua- Obama is right; one doesn’t need 7 that. It always has been in the United tion rate, and degrees that can cost 14 years to become a lawyer in this coun- States of America. But here is the times as much as comparable local try. It doesn’t make a lot of sense that problem. The Senator from Con- schools. one has to essentially spend 10 to 15 necticut talked about an individual ex- Guess what. The Federal Government years in education and training to be- ample, but let me give the aggregate rewards this school with $1.6 billion in come a doctor. We can consolidate data. Federal aid every year and $500 million graduate and undergraduate programs. Over the last 10 years, we have spent in Pell grant money every year. So this But whatever we do, we have to 20 percent more and we have gotten 25 example, which frankly can be re- admit that one of the easiest ways to percent less. We are spending 20 per- peated over and over, especially in the reduce the cost of a degree is to reduce cent more and we are getting 25 per- for-profit world, speaks to the chal- the time it takes to get a degree. So cent less. That means that although lenge we have. the first part of our bill focuses on giv- our investment in higher education and We have done a very credible job over ing some grants to a small number of theoretically in college affordability the course of the last few years in schools to build out the right way to do has increased, the net cost for students keeping down the interest rate we competency-based degree programming has gone up by 25 percent. We now have charge students who want to take out or initiatives to give greater credit for more than $1 trillion in student loan loans to go to school. No one has prior learning or consolidations of debt. It is the second largest source of worked harder on this issue inside this graduate and undergraduate degrees. debt, to mortgage interest, and it has body and outside this body than the We introduced this piece of legisla- now outpaced credit card debt. Presiding Officer. But we also have to tion because we think it is time to This is a real crisis not just on the have a concurrent conversation about start having a real conversation about consumer level but as a matter of eco- the sticker price of college because it what the Federal Government can do nomic strategy for our Nation, because can’t be enough that we are facili- to control and lower the price of col- to the degree and extent that young tating student borrowing; we actually lege education. It is breaking the bank people or people who want retraining have to try to engage in a real effort, for families. We can do something or people who want to get a culinary using Federal leverage, for the first about it. If we didn’t have any tools at degree or become a master carpenter or time perhaps in our history of Federal our disposal, maybe this wouldn’t be a who want to become an architect or a higher education policy, to push the worthwhile conversation, but we give doctor start to evaluate higher edu- cost of tuition down in the first place. out $140 billion in Federal aid every cation and decide it is not a good value That is what the College Affordability year, and it is about time we start de- anymore, that doesn’t just impact and Innovation Act seeks to do. manding some accountability for that their individual family or their indi- As Senator SCHATZ will talk about, money, whether it is accountability for vidual community but it impacts our there aren’t a lot of issues that are cost or accountability for quality. It national economic strategy. much more important to the middle doesn’t make sense for taxpayers to be College is no longer affordable to class than the cost of higher education. sending $1.6 billion a year to a school many people, and that is despite the We both know that. We have partnered with a 6-percent graduation rate, a 38- fact that we are spending more in raw on this piece of legislation in part be- percent loan default rate, and prices dollars and in inflation-adjusted dol- cause not only are we not that far that are simply not competitive in the lars than ever before. away from the time in our lives when landscape of college education. Senator MURPHY talked about the in- we were in college, but we are paying I am pleased to be on the floor with novation portion of this legislation. We back our student loans and saving for my colleague Senator SCHATZ, and I am also have an accountability portion of our kids’ education, so we get how happy to turn the floor over to him. this legislation. Here is the basic much of an annual budget can be taken Mr. SCHATZ. Madam President, I premise: As an institution of higher up in paying for both prior and saving thank the Senator from Connecticut education, if you are a for-profit, if you for future college. So we attack this for his partnership on this legislation. are a not-for-profit, or even if you are problem in two ways—and I will just He has been a real friend and a true a public institution, it is not the Fed- briefly speak about the first way and partner. We are happy to have the sup- eral Government’s job to determine then I think the Senator from Hawaii port of Senator MURRAY from Wash- what your mission may be. And cer- can speak a little bit about the second ington as well as Senator SANDERS. tainly if you are a private for-profit, method. They have been working on this issue we are not here to dictate your organi- First, we think it is time for a little for a long time. zation’s mission. But a for-profit insti- bit more innovation when it comes to This is the middle class issue of our tution has no special right to Federal the way in which college is structured. time. It doesn’t just belong to college- funding. If you are going to receive bil- There is no magic to the fact that aged students; it belongs to all of us. lions of dollars in Federal subsidies, we today one has to sit in a classroom for Senator MURPHY spoke about how im- think it is reasonable, as we endeavor 4 years, taking a requisite amount of portant it is for those of us who have to reauthorize the Higher Education credits, in order to get a degree. There young children and are beginning the Act, that we tie some reasonable public is a lot of interesting innovation hap- process of trying to save for our chil- policy strings to those dollars. pening out there where a small subset dren’s college education, but it also be- All we are saying is that we want in- of schools are saying: Wait a second. longs to the grandparents’ generation. stitutions of higher learning—and espe- Maybe there is a different way to do it. So many people are thinking about cially their leadership—to wake up For instance, maybe we should award whether they can help their kids to every morning and not think first a degree based on the competencies a ameliorate their existing student loans about profits, not think first about how student gets, regardless of whether the or their grandkids to be able to afford they are going to market to find more student needs 2 years or 3 years or 4 college. customers, but to think about access years to get that degree or, for in- As Senator MURPHY mentioned, we and affordability. And what we are say- stance, maybe we should give students spend almost $150 billion in some form ing is that different institutions may who show up at their freshman year of or fashion on Federal financial aid for have different missions. A community school with prior learning more credit institutions of higher learning, and college has a different mission than a

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.071 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S752 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 training institute, and a 4-year institu- give you some data. In 2011 only 38 per- you want to receive Federal dollars for tion has a different mission than a cent of undergraduate students in a 4- your institution of higher learning, graduate institution. That is all fine, year institution graduated on time. So then we are asking you to focus on ac- and that is why we have established in when you think about the cost of col- cess and affordability. this legislation an independent com- lege, you think about the per-year I want to give one last piece of data mission, comprised of experts, to deter- cost. But if it is taking 6 or 7 years, because it actually shocked me, even mine what matrix of incentives and then the per-year cost is not as impor- as much as I have been working on this possible penalties would be appropriate tant as how realistic it is for you to issue. The for-profit institutions com- for each institution. finish on time. Just to be clear, those prise about 12 percent of the students But here is the bottom line: We are data could be skewed by the fact that and 30 percent of the Federal dollars. spending more and getting less, and we there are part-time students and all Madam President, 12 percent of the are spending $150 billion. This system the rest of it. That is not what we are students and 30 percent of the Federal is not working, and we are pleased to talking about here. It is simply hard to dollars. have the support of several of our col- finish on time. So while there are institutions that leagues. We are going to be enlisting But there is hope on the horizon. For are for-profit that are doing great work the support of many others. instance, the University of Hawaii has and there are not-for-profits and public I am looking forward to continuing undertaken a program called 15 to Fin- institutions that have to do a lot bet- the conversation with the Senator ish. The basic idea is that students, es- ter, let’s call it like it is. from Connecticut. pecially in their freshman year, need to One of the major challenges here is Mr. MURPHY. I thank Senator know that they need those 15 credits. we have to wrap our arms around SCHATZ. They need to get help from their coun- undue profits and publicly traded com- Here is another statistic to think selors so that by the time they are in panies that are generating profits and about: It was not so long ago that we their sophomore year, they are well on spending Federal dollars on marketing ranked first in the Nation with respect their way to completing their major of to students and not providing very much in the way of value. to 25-year-olds to 35-year-olds with col- choice in the 4-year period of time. Mr. MURPHY. Let’s be clear as to lege degrees, and that was not only a The challenge now is that given that what we are talking about here. We be- source of immense pride for this coun- legislatures have cut funding to insti- lieve we are talking about a pretty try but really the genesis of our eco- tutions of higher learning—and as a re- light hand of accountability in the nomic greatness—that we turned out sult you have fewer counselors and sense that we are really going after the more college-educated young people fewer people to assist in the student true outliers. The Senator talked about than any other country in the world. In services office—oftentimes you do not the work happening at the University a very short period of time we slipped get real counseling with respect to of Hawaii or the University of Con- from 1st to not 2nd or 3rd or 4th but to what you need until it is too late, and necticut. We do not imagine that any 12th. We are now 12th in the world with then you find that you are on a 5- or 6- flagship university is going to run respect to the number of 25- to 35-year- year plan. Your family may not have afoul of these accountability stand- olds with college degrees. made the financial arrangement that ards. I, frankly, do not believe many Part of the reason for that is that a puts you in a position to be on the 5- public universities at all are going to lot of other countries have caught up year plan. run afoul of these standards. We are to the United States. But the crisis in From a revenue standpoint, if your really talking about the handful of this country is no longer just a crisis of mission as an institution—for-profit or outliers that have just absolutely abys- access. That was the buzzword for a not-for-profit—is just to fill those seats mal retention rates, graduation rates, long time, that we needed to increase and to generate those dollars, then default rates, or tuition increase rates. access to college. We now have a crisis that does not matter to you. But the We are also talking about, we think, of completion in which millions of stu- challenge we have right now is that the a pretty nuanced process to try to dents are starting school and not fin- institutions—the publicly traded bring those schools around before they ishing for a variety of reasons but ones—have pressures to generate prof- lose eligibility for funding. Our bill largely because of the astronomical its. But even the not-for-profits and says that if you are not meeting these cost. even the public institutions—the Uni- standards, you have a pretty long pe- Today the majority of students are versities of Hawaii and the Universities riod of time in which you would be on not graduating in 6 years. So the issue of Connecticut—have had their funding probation with no practical effects, in about affordability is not just about at- reduced by the legislatures. So their which you could set upon an action tracting more kids into the doors of CFOs are trying to figure out new rev- plan to improve your affordability or college—because I will tell you, as I am enue streams, and as long as they can outcomes. Then if, after that period of sure Senator SCHATZ does, I talk to a keep enrollment up, that enables them time, you still were not hitting your lot of kids who graduate high school to go back to their legislature and say: benchmarks, then you lose 10 percent and do not apply to schools in my We are in the black. of your Federal aid, then 20 percent, State because they are scared off by What we are saying is that is not and then finally, in the fourth or fifth the cost and they do not believe they good enough. We are not asking you to years, you would become ineligible. are going to be able to put together the be in the black. We certainly under- That is plenty of time for a university family resources to pay for it—but we stand the need to be fiscally respon- to correct. But if a school that is start- also are losing a generation of workers sible. We certainly understand the need ing out with a 6-percent graduation because it is taking young people now to generate tuition revenue. But here rate cannot improve that over 5 years, 6, 7, 8 years to complete a degree, and is the thing: The point of higher edu- why on Earth would we continue to often many of them are never com- cation is for students to be able to send $1 billion to that school when it pleting that degree while still taking move up that economic ladder, and to could be used for students who are at- on loan after loan after loan and get- the extent that not only is it not ac- tending schools that care a lot more ting stuck in the worst possible situa- complishing that goal, but it is actu- about quality education? tion whereby they have thousands of ally doing the opposite for some of our Mr. SCHATZ. I think the Senator is dollars in debt and no certificate to students, they end up with a mountain exactly right. We had the Senator from bring into the workforce. of debt and either no degree or a degree Indiana talking about debt and deficits So our effort is an effort to address that they find does not make them em- and making sure we spend every Fed- cost because we care about access, but ployable in the marketplace. That is a eral dollar intelligently. Right now, we it is also an effort to address cost be- national shame. That is why we have are simply not spending this money in cause we care about completion, and to address this issue. the most efficient and efficacious way that is one of the big problems we have The good news is we believe we are possible. That is what this legislation in our system today. spending a sufficient amount of money is about. Mr. SCHATZ. I think the Senator is on the Federal level so we can effec- Senator MURPHY and I talked about exactly right about that one. Let me tuate these changes just by saying: If how it might have been a little more

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.073 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S753 politically satisfying in the short run lying going on about climate change; dollars. The Drexel University report to put hard caps on college tuition and there is a whole carefully built appa- chronicles that from 2003 to 2010, 140 precipitous goals that would have been ratus of lies. This apparatus is big and foundations made grants totaling $558 very easy for us to articulate. But the artfully constructed, phony-baloney or- million to 91 organizations that ac- fact is, given that you have different ganizations designed to look and sound tively oppose climate action. It looks institutions with different missions as if they are real, messages honed by like a big beast to build just to propa- and you have great work being done at public relations experts to sound as if gate climate denial. But if you look at the community college level, at the they are truthful, payroll scientists carbon emissions from fossil fuels, certificate level, and at the 4-year and whom polluters can trot out when they which in 2011 EPA estimated to be over at the graduate level, we wanted to ac- need them, and the whole thing big and 5.6 billion metric tons of carbon diox- count for the different missions, and complicated enough that when you see ide—so take 5.6 billion tons of carbon we wanted to make sure we did not cre- its parts, you could be fooled into dioxide and then multiple that by the ate the kind of incentive program that, thinking it is not all the same beast. social cost of carbon, the economic and for instance, would prevent an institu- But it is, just like the mythological health costs that the polluters cause tion from wanting to take a kid in who Hydra—many heads, same beast. So and inflict on the rest of society, which is from a lower income area and this speech is going to be about that OMB recently set at $37 per metric of maybe, statistically speaking, is more beast. CO2—5.6 metric tons of carbon dioxide likely to default on his or her loan. A recent research article published emitted, $37 per metric ton of CO2 on We really want, as a matter of policy, by Dr. Robert Brulle, a professor of so- the social cost of carbon. Just 1 year’s to focus on access. So it is access; it is ciology and environmental science at emissions will cost roughly 200 bil- affordability; it is the consistency with Drexel University, describes the beast. lion—with a B—dollars. So the stakes the mission. But here we are spending He joins a tradition of scholarship in are pretty high for the polluters. If $150 billion—more than we ever have— this area, including work by Naomi they were to pay for the harm they are on this national priority, and our re- Oreskes, Aaron McCright, and Riley causing, half a billion dollars through sults are worse than ever. So the status Dunlap, each of whom has studied the the beast, over 7 years, to get away quo cannot stand, and I am really look- forces behind climate denial; and David with $200 billion of harm every year is ing forward to working with my col- Rosner and Gerald Markowitz, who ex- a bargain. More than that, a lot of this machin- league on this important issue. plored chemical and lead industry cam- ery was already built. The beast did Mr. MURPHY. As we wrap up our paigns to deceive Americans about the not spring up at once full grown, it time on the floor, when my great- dangers of those products. grew over time—in industry-fueled grandfather came to this country, he The intricate, interconnected propa- campaigns to obscure the dangers of knew that without a college education ganda web and funding network of this climate denial beast encompasses over cigarette smoke, of acid rain, of ozone he could get a job pretty easily that 100 organizations, including industry depletion. Who knows. There are prob- would be able to put food on the table, trade associations, conservative think ably parts of it that go back to the have decent health care for his family, tanks, and plain old phony front groups benefits of requiring seat belts and air- even provide him with a little bit of a for polluter interests. It has even co- bags in cars. pension that would take care of him. opted media outlets, a phenomenon I Looking back on the effects of these His son, my grandfather, followed him chronicled in an earlier speech about industry-funded campaigns of denial, into that same profession, working for editorial page we see that real people were hurt. But a ball bearing factory in New Britain, becoming a tool of polluter propa- the denial machinery stalled action CT. ganda. and made the wrongdoers money. It While those jobs still exist, they are So let’s take a look at this climate worked. So now the climate denial ma- getting rarer and rarer. For the next denial beast, and how polluter money chine, the beast, is calling plays from generation to succeed, we know they and dark money flows through its the same playbook and even using need access to a college degree. They veins. This chart from Dr. Brulle’s re- many of the same front organizations. are not getting that access to comple- port shows the complex interconnec- So who is behind this base? Unfortu- tion because we have been woefully in- tion of the beast’s major players. The nately for the proponents of trans- adequate in using the tools at our dis- green diamonds are the big funders, the parency, a large portion of the funding posal at the Federal level to try to put Koch-affiliated foundations, the Scaife- is not traceable. Much of the money pressure on colleges to deliver on both affiliated foundations, the American fueling the beast is laundered through affordability and outcome. Petroleum Institute, and so on. organizations which exist to conceal We hope the introduction of the Col- The blue circles are the who’s-who of donor identity. Some of the organiza- lege Affordability and Innovation Act climate denial groups: the Heartland tions examined by Dr. Brulle get over will allow us to open a new front in the Institute—they are the group that 90 percent of their money from hidden debate on higher education to promote compared folks concerned about cli- sources. Indeed, more than one-third of the idea of reducing the sticker price of mate change to the Unabomber, to give these organizations get over 90 percent college. you a sense of what sort of people they of their money from hidden sources. I thank my colleague for joining me, are—the American Enterprise Insti- The biggest identity laundering shop is and I yield the floor. tute, right here, the Hoover Institu- Donors Trust and Donors Capital Fund. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion, the Heritage Foundation, the Indeed, it is by far the biggest source of ator from Rhode Island. Cato Institute, the Mercatus Center, to funding in this web. These twin enti- Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- name just a few. ties reported giving a combined $78 dent, I ask unanimous consent to speak The purpose of this network, to quote million to climate denier groups be- for about 15 minutes, perhaps as many the report, is ‘‘a deliberate and orga- tween 2003 and 2010, and they refused to as 17 minutes. nized effort to misdirect the public dis- identify their funders. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cussion and distort the public’s under- According to the Drexel report, the objection, it is so ordered. standing of climate.’’ Donors Trust and Donors Capital fund- CLIMATE CHANGE To misdirect and distort. The coordi- ing operation does double duty. It is Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam Presi- nated tactics of this network, the re- the ‘‘central component’’ and ‘‘pre- dent, I come to the floor today for the port shows, and I will quote again, dominant funder’’ of the denier appa- 57th consecutive week that the Senate ‘‘span a wide range of activities, in- ratus, and at the same time it is the has been in session to urge my col- cluding political lobbying, contribu- ‘‘black box’’ that conceals the identity leagues to wake up to what carbon pol- tions to political candidates, and a of contributors. lution is doing to our atmosphere and large number of communication and Interestingly, anonymous funding oceans. media efforts that aim at undermining through Donors Trust and Donors Cap- I have described Congress as sur- climate science.’’ ital fund has grown in tandem with dis- rounded by a barricade of lies. Today I That is the beast. Big money flows closed funding from fossil fuel pol- will be more specific. There is not just through it, more than half a billion luters declining, anonymous dollars up,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 03:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.074 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S754 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 4, 2014 disclosed dollars down. As we see here, know climate change is real. As the gress to pass TPA legislation so his ad- Donors Trust and Donors Capital dona- President said in his State of the Union ministration could complete negotia- tions to the beast went from 3 percent Address: tions on two very ambitious and impor- of all foundation funding in 2003 to The debate is settled. Climate change is a tant trade agreements. While I thought more than 23 percent in 2010. fact. President Obama could have spoken At the same time, for example, the Sir Winston Churchill once said this: more forcefully on this matter, his call Koch brothers’ affiliated foundations Owing to past neglect, in the face of the for TPA renewal was clear and unam- declined from 9 percent of all founda- plainest warnings, we have now entered upon biguous. Yet so far the call appears to tion funding in 2006 down to 2 percent a period of danger. . . . The era of procrasti- be going unheeded—or should I say by 2010. The same is true for other pol- nation, of half-measures, soothing and baf- among Democrats in the Senate. luter-backed foundations. The Exxon- fling expedients, of delays, is coming to its Why is TPA so important, trade pro- close. In its place we are entering a period of Mobil Foundations wound down its dis- consequences. . . . We cannot avoid this pe- motion authority? I think some addi- closed funding of organizations in the riod; we are in it now. tional context is necessary. climate denier network and basically Well, we are now in a period of con- The administration is currently in zeroed out by 2007. sequences. We have got to break the the midst of negotiations on the Trans- It makes perfect sense. Why would back of the beast and break the barri- Pacific Partnership, or TPP, an Asia- the Koch brothers and ExxonMobil cade of blandishments and lies that the Pacific trade agreement that is cur- come under fire for obviously funding beast has built around Congress. This rently being negotiated between the climate denial when Donors Trust and campaign of denial, this beast, is as United States and 12 other countries, Donors Capital creates a mechanism poisonous to our democracy as carbon including some of the world’s largest for polluters to secretly fund the base? pollution is to our atmosphere and economies, such as Japan, Canada, and Plus, the phony-baloney front organi- oceans. With money and lobbyists and Mexico. zations within the beast can pretend threats, it has infiltrated itself in an The Asia-Pacific region represents they are not funded by polluter money. unseemly influence in our government. more than 40 percent of the world’s Everybody wins in this identity-laun- For the sake of our democracy, for the trade and, as a group, TPP countries dering charade except the public, obvi- sake of our future, for the sake of our represent the largest goods and serv- ously, whom this elaborate construc- honor, it is time to wake up. ices export market for our country, the tion is designed to fool. I yield the floor. United States of America. The product of the denial apparatus The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- On the other side of the world, the is a complex ruse to delegitimize the ator from Utah. United States is negotiating a bilateral science that supports curbing carbon INTERNATIONAL TRADE POLICIES trade agreement with the 28 countries emissions, foisted on the American Mr. HATCH. I wish to take a few of the European Union. This is called people with all of the financing and minutes to talk about our Nation’s TTIP. The United States and the EU fantasy of a Hollywood blockbuster international trade policies. Specifi- generate over half of the world’s eco- production. Here is Dr. Brulle describ- cally, I wish to discuss efforts to renew nomic output. Total goods trade alone, ing what you see when you look behind trade promotion authority, or what we however, between the United States the actors who appear in the media call TPA. The most recent authoriza- and the EU amounts to over $1 trillion spotlight. I will quote. tion of TPA expired nearly 7 years ago. a year. Investment flows represent an- The roots of climate-change denial go Since that time, Republicans have, by other $300 billion a year on top of that. deeper . . . Just as in a theatrical show, Together, these two trade agree- there are stars in the spotlight. In the drama and large, expressed support for renew- ing it. ments have the potential to greatly ex- of climate change, these are often prominent pand access for U.S. products in the contrarian scientists or conservative politi- In August 2010, U.S. Trade Represent- cians. . . . However, they are only the most ative Ron Kirk testified that the foreign markets around the world. visible and transparent parts of a larger pro- Obama administration needed TPA to Most importantly, they would help to duction. Supporting this effort are directors, conclude ongoing trade negotiations. grow our economy and create jobs at script writers, and, most certainly, a series However, after that time, little was home. of producers, in the form of conservative done to move the ball forward on re- These two separate trade agreements foundations. newing TPA. In September 2011, Minor- and negotiations represent what is the Frankly, this apparatus is a disgrace. ity Leader MCCONNELL and I offered an most ambitious trade agenda in our When the inevitable happens, and the amendment on the Senate floor to Nation’s history. While everyone impact of climate change really starts renew trade promotion authority for knows that I am a pretty outspoken to hit home, people will want to President Obama. critic of the Obama administration, I know—Americans will want to know, Unfortunately, despite strong sup- believe the administration deserves people around the world will want to port from the Republican caucus, a credit on this front. But if these nego- know why, why we did not take proper number of Democratic Senators ac- tiations are going to succeed, Congress steps in time. It is not as if there is not tively opposed our efforts, and it re- must approve TPA. enough scientific evidence for us to ceived virtually no Democratic sup- Because of the unique structure of act. Why not? This denial operation, port. As a result, our efforts failed. our government, our country needs the beast, will then go down as one of In March 2013, then-Acting USTR TPA. Our trading partners will not put our great American scandals, like Wa- Marantis again expressed the adminis- their best deal on the table unless they tergate or Teapot Dome, a deliberate, tration’s support for renewing TPA and know the United States can deliver on complex scheme of lies and propaganda pledged to work with Congress to get it what it promised. that caused real harm to the American done. TPA empowers our trade negotiators people and to our country, all so that a In June 2013, United States Trade to conclude agreements and provides a small group of people could make more Representative Michael Froman, dur- path for passage in Congress. That is money a little longer. ing testimony before the Senate Fi- why every President since FDR has The fact that one of our great polit- nance Committee, formally requested sought trade promotion authority. No ical parties is in on the scheme will be on behalf of President Obama that Con- economically significant trade agree- to its lasting shame. There is an old gress renew TPA. ment has ever been negotiated by any hymn that says, ‘‘Turn back O man, Throughout most of 2013, I worked administration and approved by Con- forswear thy foolish ways.’’ It is time with Chairman BAUCUS and Chairman gress without it. for our denier colleagues to turn back CAMP of House Ways and Means to Put simply, if Congress does not and forswear their foolish ways. If they craft a bipartisan bill to renew TPA, renew TPA, the TPP negotiations and do not, there will be a day of reckoning one that could pass through both the TTIP negotiations with the Euro- and a harsh price to pay. Houses and the Senate. We introduced pean Union will almost certainly fail. Every day, more and more Americans our bill in January. That is why it is so disconcerting to realize the truth, and they increasingly Last week, in his State of the Union me to see how some of my colleagues want this Congress to wake up. They Address, President Obama asked Con- across the aisle have responded to the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 04:14 Feb 05, 2014 Jkt 039060 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G04FE6.075 S04FEPT1 smartinez on DSK6TPTVN1PROD with SENATE February 4, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S755 President’s call for TPA renewal. TPA to the Federal deficit. As I mentioned, I have serious concerns with the ac- is one of the few issues where both par- Senator BAUCUS and I, along with curacy of the scoring done on ties can and should be able to work to- Chairman CAMP, have negotiated and ObamaCare and its portrayal of the im- gether to achieve a common goal. introduced a bipartisan, bicameral pact of this legislation versus the stat- I know that I, along with my Repub- TPA bill. It is, in my opinion, the only ed benefits for the American people. lican colleagues, stand ready and will- TPA bill that stands a chance of get- We cannot keep doing this. There are ing to work with the administration to ting passed in both the Senate and the people’s lives at stake, people’s lives approve TPA as soon as possible. I House of Representatives. that we are dealing with. The CBO pro- think I have a reputation of working My colleagues on the other side of jections during the health care reform across the aisle and bringing people to- the aisle have a choice. They can either debate seemed to significantly under- gether. This is one I want to bring peo- work with the Republicans to pass our estimate the negative impact of ple together on—and I shouldn’t even bill and empower our country to com- ObamaCare. Because of those projec- have to argue about it, but I do. plete these important trade agree- tions, supporters were able to jam it I believe the bipartisan bill Chairman ments, or they can throw up more through—one vote, everybody knows BAUCUS and I recently introduced to roadblocks and cast more uncertainty about that vote—and now the Amer- renew TPA would receive strong bipar- on the President’s trade agenda. ican people have to pick up the tab on tisan support in the Senate if it were As I stated, Republicans stand ready the CBO’s errors. allowed to come up for a vote. Indeed, to work with President Obama on these I am calling for hearings in the Fi- I am confident that the vast majority issues and to help these trade negotia- nance Committee, upon which I sit, to of my colleagues would join me in sup- tions to succeed. For the sake of our demand CBO come before the com- porting the bill, both Democrats and country and our economy, I sincerely mittee and explain to the Congress and Republicans. hope my Democratic colleagues and the American people why and how its The problem is Republicans are not friends in the Senate are willing to do scores, which led to the passage of in the majority in the Senate. It is the the same. ObamaCare, did not tell the whole I yield the floor. Democrats who control the agenda. Un- story. This is about accountability for The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- fortunately, the President’s call to ator from Kansas. past actions, and we must ask the renew TPA does not appear to be a pri- Mr. ROBERTS. Madam President, I question, the difficult question, an un- ority for some of the Democrats, cer- come to the floor to discuss the recent fortunate question: Was this political? tainly the leadership of the Democrats. report by the Congressional Budget Of- Were the books cooked? The question is, Will Senate Demo- fice, the CBO, which contains updated CBO needs to take the responsibility crats work with the President on this estimates of the insurance coverage for the differences between their pro- issue? I don’t know the answer to that provisions of the Affordable Care Act, jections and the most recent updates question, but I have to say that things also known as ObamaCare. just released as of this morning. We don’t look very good to me. Instead of It was just on Sunday the President must have accurate estimates on the robust support for the President and told Bill O’Reilly of Fox News—in front costs and benefits of the legislation so his trade agenda, the response we have of all America on Super Bowl Sunday— we can do our jobs. This shouldn’t be seen from some Democrats has ranged that his health care bill is working. about politics or gaming the system. from awkward silence on TPA to out- Today, the Congressional Budget Office This is about people’s lives, and it is right hostility. Needless to say, I am has changed that tune. We learned our responsibility to get that right. extremely disappointed by this. from the report that ObamaCare will Let the hearings begin. Let the CBO The issue is fairly simple. If we want now cost us $2 trillion. People may re- provide answers. The CBO must answer to grow our economy through trade, call President Obama told the country this Congress and America. Congress must approve TPA and do so his bill would cost less than $1 trillion. I yield back the remainder of my soon. The President can play a unique We also learned that we are expected to time, and I suggest the absence of a and key role. By forcefully advocating lose—expected to lose—2.5 million full- quorum. for TPA renewal, he can help turn time jobs over the next 10 years. Fi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The some of the skeptics in his party nally, the CBO says exchange subsidies clerk will call the roll. around. under the ACA will reduce incentives The legislative clerk proceeded to Recently, the Financial Times pub- to work. call the roll. lished a powerful editorial which out- Let me go over that again. President Mr. DONNELLY. Madam President, I lined the need for TPA and the role the Obama told the country his bill would ask unanimous consent that the order President must play for TPA to suc- cost less than $1 trillion. Now the CBO for the quorum call be rescinded. ceed. says it will be $2 trillion. We are ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without According to the editorial: pected to lose 2.5 million full-time jobs objection, it is so ordered. Twenty years ago, President Bill Clinton over next 10 years. Finally, CBO says f pulled out all the stops to push through ap- exchange subsidies under the ACA will proval of the controversial North American reduce incentives to work. MORNING BUSINESS Free Trade Agreement with Mexico and Can- If this is working, what does ‘‘bro- Mr. DONNELLY. Madam President, I ada. He was able to squeak through a narrow ken’’ mean to this President? ask unanimous consent that the Sen- victory by deft lobbying of lawmakers and a As I am reading this report and ac- ate proceed to a period of morning willingness to make a strong case for companying reaction, the most recent business with Senators permitted to globalization to the American public. Mr. Obama is lagging behind his predecessor on updates sound hauntingly familiar. In speak for up to 10 minutes each. both counts. The case for TTIP and TPP are fact, I believe this is something that I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without both strong. The time for Mr. Obama to and my colleagues spoke about every objection, it is so ordered. make these arguments has arrived. He has day during the debate on health care f every incentive to succeed. Failure to secure reform. We questioned at that time [TPA] would be a grievous blow to his presi- whether the CBO estimates accurately PROTECTING INDIGENOUS dency. reflected the impact of ObamaCare on PEOPLES I understand there are some powerful the American people, which leads to Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, on critical forces that leave some of my why I am on the floor as of this December 22, 2004, the United Nations friends on the other side of the aisle to evening. This is about accountability, General Assembly adopted a resolution oppose international trade. However, folks. declaring the beginning of a second let’s be clear: If we fail to approve During the debate, we questioned International Decade of the World’s In- TPA, we will be doing our Nation and whether the scoring done by the CBO digenous People. As we enter the final our economy a great disservice. Inter- was fraught with gimmicks or an unre- year of this international campaign we national trade is good for our country. alistic belief that Medicare would should remind ourselves of the impor- It is one of the few tools Congress has achieve significant savings in the fu- tance of protecting indigenous popu- to grow our economy that does not add ture. lations and take stock of what has

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