Rainer Dormels (2014)
Profiles of the cities of DPR Korea – Tanchon
This work was supported by the Academy of Korean Studies (KSPS) Grant funded by the Korean Government (MOE) (AKS-2011-BAA-2105)
Find an introduction to the project at http://www.univie.ac.at/koreanologie/index.php?id=digital-north-korea0
This work has been published as a chapter in: Rainer Dormels (2014): North Korea's Cities. Jimoondang. Seoul.
IV.2.24. Tanchon
In the past as an intermediate stop before crossing the Mach Ƅn-ry Ƅng
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Table Tanchon-I. Basic data 98
Population 345,875 (Rank 7) Area 2,172 km² (Rank 1) Population density 159 I./km² (Rank 26) Administrative units 40 dong /38 ri (51%) (Rank 21) “Urban” population/“rural” population 69.6%/30.4% (Rank 24)
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Climate values Annual average January temperature August temperature Precipitation 9.2°C (17) -3.8°C (5) 22°C (22) 672.0 mm (24) ,WLVQRWLFHDEOHWKDW7DQFKRQLVRQHRIWKHFLWLHVZLWKUHODWLYHO\PLOGZLQWHUVIRU1RUWK .RUHDQFLUFXPVWDQFHVEXWLQWKHVXPPHUWKHWHPSHUDWXUHVGRQRWULVHDVPXFKDVLQRWKHU SDUWVRIWKHFRXQWU\$OVRWKHFLW\KDVUHODWLYHO\ORZSUHFLSLWDWLRQ Figure Tanchon-I. Forest area in the ri 0RUHWKDQRIWKHFLW\FRQVLVWVRIIRUHVWVZKLFKDUHZLGHVSUHDGLQWKH1RUWK ,PSRUWDQWIRUHVWVSHFLHVDUHIRUH[DPSOHSLQHRDNRUDVSHQ7KHHGLEOHPXVKURRP SLQH PXVKURRP LVYHU\FRPPRQ)URPWKH¿HOGDFUHDJHWKHULFH¿HOGVDFFRXQWIRUDQG IUXLWJURZLQJPDNHVXS0DLQFURSVDUHULFHSODQWVR\EHDQVDQGFRUQ,PSRUWDQW YHJHWDEOHVDUHFDEEDJHJDUOLFVSLQDFKDQGSHSSHUV7KHOLYHVWRFNDQGSRXOWU\LQGXVWU\ KDYHDQLPSRUWDQWIXQFWLRQLQWKHFLW\ 0DMRUULYHUVLQWKHFLW\DUHWKH1DPGDHFKǂQ NP 3XNGDHFKǂQ NP DQGWKH3RNFKǂQ NP $WWKHORZHUVHFWLRQRIWKH1DPGDHFKǂQDQGRQWKHEDQNVRI 3RNFKǂQDNPðODUJH7DQFKRQOHYHOKDVIRUPHGZKLFKUHSUHVHQWVWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQW ULFHJURZLQJDUHDRIWKHFLW\ 7KHFLW\KDVDNPORQJFRDVWOLQH7KXVWKHUHDUHQXPHURXVILVKLQJFRPSDQLHV ZKHUHXSRQWKH7DQFKRQ)LVKLQJ6WDWLRQLVWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQWRQH7KH\GRERWKGHHSVHD 1RUWK.RUHD¶V&LWLHV ¿VKLQJDVZHOODVLQVKRUH¿VKLQJ7DQFKRQLVIDPRXVIRUSROODFN¿VKLQJ2WKHULPSRUWDQW ¿VKZKLFKDUH¿VKHGLQ7DQFKRQDUHFDW¿VKKDOLEXWDWNDPDFNHUHOWURXWHWF Mining Town 7DQFKRQLVGRPLQDWHGE\PLQLQJDQGE\LQGXVWULHVWKDWSURFHVVWKHH[WUDFWHGPDWHULDOV $OVRWKHPDFKLQHU\DQGHTXLSPHQWWKDWDUHUHTXLUHGIRUWKHPLQLQJLQGXVWU\DUHSURGXFHG LQ7DQFKRQ$GGLWLRQDOO\WKHHQHUJ\LQGXVWU\LVVLJQL¿FDQW)XUWKHUPRUHWKHUHDUHUHJLRQDO FRPSDQLHVLQWKHWH[WLOHLQGXVWU\DQGIRRGLQGXVWU\ Table Tanchon-III. Ranking (in parenthesis: number of industrial companies or cultural institutions) Tanchon KOFC MOU IPA KCNA KIET Summary Companies – 17 (12) 8 (29) 14 (13) 13 (11) 10 (39) 11 total Companies – 6 (6) 5 (6) 15 (6) 11 (13) 12 (8) important Cultural 13 (7) institution Table Tanchon-IV. Ranking (Total number of companies in relation to population) Tanchon KOFC MOU IPA KCNA KIET Summary Companies-total 22 12 19-18-18 17 17-19 20-19 $IWHUHYDOXDWLQJDOO¿YHVRXUFHV7DQFKRQKDVDORZHUUDQNLQWHUPVRIQXPEHUVRI LQGXVWULDOFRPSDQLHVWKDQLQWHUPVRISRSXODWLRQ 5DQN $FFRUGLQJWRWKH028VRXUFH 7DQFKRQLVVWDWHGZLWKDORWRIPLQHVDQGDFFRUGLQJWR.,(77DQFKRQKDVPDQ\IDFWRULHV LQWKHKHDY\LQGXVWU\VHFWRU Table Tanchon-V. Specification (in parenthesis: number of industrial companies) Tanchon Light Industry Heavy Industry Mining Energy KOFC 22 (1) 20 (6) 4 (4) 6 (1) MOU 26 (7) 16 (8) 2 (13) 8 (1) IPA 24 (2) 16 (5) 2 (5) 6 (1) KCNA - 10 (5) 2 (5) 12 (1) KIET 21 (13) 18 (18) 5 (6) 5 (2) ,93UR¿OHVRIWKHFLWLHVRI'35.RUHD &RPSDUHGZLWKWKHSRSXODWLRQWKHUHDUHQRWDORWRIIDFLOLWLHVLQWKH¿HOGRIKLJKHU HGXFDWLRQ7KHUHLVQRXQLYHUVLW\LQ7DQFKRQRQO\FROOHJHVZKLFKIRFXVRQWKHVXEMHFWVRI PLQLQJHQJLQHHULQJDQGDJULFXOWXUH &KRVXQ,OER1RYHPEHU 2QFHDJDLQWKHWDEOH7DQFKRQ9VKRZVWKHHPERVVLQJRI7DQFKRQDVDPLQLQJWRZQ ,WLVDOVRFOHDUWKDW7DQFKRQLVPXFKPRUHIRFXVHGRQKHDY\LQGXVWU\DVRQOLJKWLQGXVWU\ WKHODWWHURIZKLFKRQO\SOD\VDPLQRUUROH ,QFKDSWHU,,,HLJKWFRPSDQLHVKDGEHHQLGHQWLILHGDVLPSRUWDQWIRU7DQFKRQ 7KHVHLQFOXGHWKHWKUHHPRVWLPSRUWDQWPLQHVWKH.ǂPGǂN0LQLQJ&RPSOH[WKH7DHKǎQJ ,Q7DQFKRQWKHUHLVDOVRWKH7DQFKRQ6KLS5HSDLU)DFWRU\DQGDVWKHRQO\IDFWRU\RI OLJKWLQGXVWU\WKH.ZDQJFKǂQ)RRGVWXII)DFWRU\ZKLFKZDVLGHQWL¿HGLQFKDSWHU,,, DVRQHRIWKHLPSRUWDQWFRPSDQLHVRI7DQFKRQ,QWKH.ZDQJFKǂQ)RRGVWXII)DFWRU\ SXIIHGULFHIURPFRUQVR\VDXFHDQGVR\EHDQSDVWHDUHSURGXFHG7KHGHPDQGLVQRW FRYHUHGEXWDWOHDVWWKHWDVWHLVVXSSRVHGWREH¿QH &KRVXQ,OER1RYHPEHU Mineral resources 7DQFKRQLVDVLJQL¿FDQWPLQLQJWRZQLQWKH'35.RUHD,QWKHQRUWKRIWKHFLW\LQWKHDUHDV RI7DHKǎQJ.ǂPGǂN5\RQJ\DQJDQG7RQJDPVLJQL¿FDQWPLQHVDUHORFDWHG7KH3XNGDH FKǂQZKLFKIORZVWKURXJKWKHVHUHJLRQVLVDQLPSRUWDQWGRPHVWLFZDWHUVXSSOLHU7KH HQHUJ\VXSSO\RIPRVWRIWKHFRPSOH[HVLVJXDUDQWHHGWKURXJKWKH+ǂFKǂQJDQJSRZHU SODQWRYHUWKH.ǎPJǂOQHWZRUNVWDWLRQ 7KHUHIRUH7DQFKRQEHFDPHDSRWHQWLDOFDQGLGDWHIRULQYHVWPHQWVIURPDEURDGDQG IURPWKH5HSXEOLFRI.RUHD,QWKHHDUO\VWDJHVRIWKH$JUHHG)UDPHZRUNEHWZHHQWKH 8QLWHG6WDWHVRI$PHULFDDQGWKH'HPRFUDWLF3HRSOH¶V5HSXEOLFRI.RUHDWKH'35 .RUHDSURSRVHGWRWKH8QLWHG6WDWHVRI$PHULFDWKDWLWLQYHVWLQWZRPLQHVDQGDSRUWLQ WKH7DQFKRQDUHD 7KH+DQN\RUHK0D\ ,Q7DQFKRQZDVLQGLVFXVVLRQDV D³VSHFLDOMRLQWUHVRXUFHGHYHORSPHQWGLVWULFW´ 7KH+DQN\RUHK0D\ ,Q D6RXWK.RUHDQGHOHJDWLRQYLVLWHGWKHUHJLRQVRI7DHKǎQJ.ǂPGǂNDQG5\RQJ\DQJWR LQYHVWLJDWHWKHDUHDVLQWHUPVRIMRLQWSURMHFWVEHWZHHQ1RUWKDQG6RXWK.RUHD /RFDWHGLQ7DQFKRQVL.ǎPJROGRQJLVWKH.ǂPGǂN0LQLQJ&RPSOH[DOHDGLQJ PLQHUDOSURGXFHURIWKH'35.RUHD,QWKLVUHJLRQQXPHURXVPLQHUDOUHVRXUFHVDUHNHSW $W¿UVWVLOYHUZDVPLQHGRQDVPDOOVFDOHLQ.ǂPGǂNYDOOH\,Q WKH.ǂPGǂN0LQH 1RUWK.RUHD¶V&LWLHV ZDVSXWLQWRRSHUDWLRQ)LUVWVLOYHUZDVPLQHGWKHQOHDGDQG]LQF .&1$ WK $SULO 7KH.ǂPGǂN0LQLQJ&RPSOH[LVRQHRIWKHPRVWLPSRUWDQW]LQFPLQHVLQWKHZRUOG .2)& 7KHPLQHLV NPDZD\IURPWKHSRUW.LPFKDHN &KRH.\ǂQJVX 2YHUDOOWKH'35.KDVDWRWDORIRIWKHZRUOGUHVHUYHVRI]LQF 61.(&6$ $PRQJWKHHLJKWPDMRU]LQFPLQHVIRXUDUHLQWKHFLW\RI7DQFKRQ Figure Tanchon-II. Zinc mines and zinc smelteries in Northeast- Korea (source: SNKECSA (2011, 39). 7KH]LQFRUHVZKLFKDUHH[WUDFWHGLQWKH.ǂPGǂN0LQLQJ&RPSOH[DUHVPHOWHGLQ WKH7DQFKRQ6PHOWHU\EXWDOVRLQWKHVPHOWHULHVRI0XQFKRQDQG+DPKXQJ7KH7DQFKRQ =LQF6PHOWHU\LVDIWHUWKH0XQS\ǂQJ6PHOWHU\WKHRQHVPHOWHU\ZKLFKVPHOWVWKHPRVW ]LQFLQWKH'35.RUHD$OVRJROGLVH[WUDFWHGLQ.ǂPGǂNZKLFKLVVPHOWHGLQ0XQSK\ǂQJ 61.(&6$ ,Q7DQFKRQDUHWKHWZRPRVWLPSRUWDQWPDJQHVLWHPLQHVLQWKH'35.RUHDWKH 5\RQJ\DQJ0LQHDQGWKH7DHKǎQJ 7KHRWKHUIRXU]LQFPLQHVDUHWKH.\HVDHQJ0LQH -DJDQJ WKH6ǂQJFKǂQ0LQH 3K\RQJQDP WKHǍQSKD 0LQH +ZDQJEXN DQGWKH5DN\ǂQ0LQH +ZDQJQDP ,93UR¿OHVRIWKHFLWLHVRI'35.RUHD SRUWHG:LWKWKHFROODSVHRIVRFLDOLVPLQ(DVWHUQ(XURSHDQGWKHHFRQRPLFFULVLVLQ1RUWK .RUHDWKHFRNHFRXOGQ¶WEHLPSRUWHGDQ\PRUHDQGWKXVWKHPDJQHVLDFOLQNHUWKHSURGXF WLRQFROODSVHG:LWK1RUWK.RUHDQFRDOPDJQHVLDFOLQNHURIORZTXDOLW\ZDVSURGXFHG ZKLFKVROGSRRUO\,QUHFHQW\HDUVDSURFHVVLQJRQFRPPLVVLRQLVSHUIRUPHGZLWK&KLQHVH LQVWLWXWLRQVDQG&KLQHVHFDSLWDO &KRH.\ǂQJVX $OOPDMRUPDJQHVLWHPLQHVLQWKH'35.RUHDDUHLQ7DQFKRQRULWVVXUURXQGLQJV Figure Tanchon-III. Magnesite Mines and Magnisa Clinker Factories in Northeast Korea (source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¶V&LWLHV Table Tanchon-VI. Magnesia/Refractory Factories in the DPR Korea (source: SNKECSA 2011, 102) Magnesia/Refractory Mine, from which the Magnesite Clinker Place Factory raw material comes production capacity (year) Tanchon Magnesia Tanchon Taeh ng, Ryongyang 2,000,000 tons Factory Hanggu-dong Ƽ Ssangryong, Namgye, S ngjin Refractory Kimchaek Ƅ Saengjang, Taeh ng, 300,000 tons Factory Ch nghak-dong Ƽ Ƅ Ryongyang Taeh Ƽng Magnesia Tanchon Taeh Ƽng 100,000 tons Factory Taeh Ƽng-dong Chongjin Refractory Chongjin 50,000-100,000 tons Factory Ryongyang Magnesia Tanchon Ryongyang 12,000 tons Factory Tonsan-dong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ǂQJVX Extension of the port 8QWLOQRZRQHZDVGHSHQGHQWRQWKHSRUWRI.LPFKDHNFRQFHUQLQJWKHVXSSO\RIPLQHV DQGIDFWRULHVLQ7DQFKRQZLWKHTXLSPHQWIURPDEURDGDVZHOODVWKHUHPRYDORISURGXFWV E\VKLS,Q-XO\ WKHH[WHQVLRQRIWKH7DQFKRQSRUWRIILFLDOO\EHJDQ 3\RQJ\DQJ 7LPHV)HEUXDU\ ,Q0D\WKHFRQVWUXFWLRQZDVRI¿FLDOO\FRPSOHWHG 7KH-DSDQEDVHG1RUWK.RUHDIULHQGO\&KRVRQ6LQERPDGHLWFOHDUWKDW³7DQFKRQZLOO EHFRPHDNH\WUDQVLWSRLQWLQVKLSSLQJJRRGVWRDQGIURP5XVVLD¶V6LEHULDWKHQRUWKHDVWHUQ SDUWRI&KLQDDQG0RQJROLD´ 661.(&6$ ,93UR¿OHVRIWKHFLWLHVRI'35.RUHD EHFRPHDQHZLQGXVWULDO]RQHZLWKPDQ\QHZSODQWV´ Development before the city designation in 1982 ,Q 7DQFKRQZDVGHVLJQDWHGDVDFLW\ VL 7DQFKRQNXQRIZKLFKWKHFLW\ZDVIRUPHG KDVEHHQUHGXFHGGXULQJWKHSURFHVVRIWKHPXQLFLSDOUHIRUPLQ LQIDYRURIWKHQHZO\ IRUPHG+ǂFKǂQNXQZKLFKJRWRQH P\RQ DQG.ZDQJFKǂQNXQZKLFKJRWWKUHH P\RQ DQGDOVRIRUWKHEHQH¿WRI3DHNDPNXQ 5\DQJJDQJSURYLQFH ZKLFKJRWIRXU UL ,Q .ZDQJFKǂQNXQZDVDJDLQPHUJHGZLWKWKH7DQFKRQNXQ%HWZHHQ DQG VL[ URGRQJMDJX KDGEHHQFUHDWHGLQ.ZDQJFKǂQNXQ$OVRLQ 7DQFKRQKDGWRDZDUGWKUHH UL WRWKH5LZǂQNXQRIZKLFKWZRRIWKHPZHUHUHWXUQHGLQ)HEUXDU\ %HIRUHWKHFLW\GHVLJQDWLRQ7DQFKRQDOUHDG\KDGWHQXUEDQL]HGDUHDV7DQFKRQXSDQG QLQH URGRQJMDJX 7DQFKRQXS .ZDQJFKǂQXS VLQFH .ZDQJFKǂQURGRQJMDJX 6LQGǂNURGRQJMDJX VLQFH .ǎPGǂNURGRQJMDJX 7DHKǎQJURGRQJMDJX 5\RQJ\DQJURGRQJMDJX 5\RQJGDHURGRQJMDJX 7XǂQURGRQJMDJX 3KRJǂURGRQJMDJX 7RQJDPURGRQJMDJX -LNMǂOURGRQJMDJX )URP1RUWKWR6RXWK7DQFKRQ¶VPDMRUXUEDQL]DWLRQFHQWHUVUHYHDO Ɣ IRUPHU7DHKǎQJURGRQJMDJXZLWKWKH7DHKǎQJ 1RUWK.RUHD¶V&LWLHV 7DQFKRQ0LQLQJ)DFWRU\ Ɣ IRUPHU7XǂQURGRQJMDJX 7DQFKRQ6PHOWHU\7DQFKRQ0DJQHVLD)DFWRU\7DQFKRQ 3RUW Figure Tanchon-IV. Dong and former Figure Tanchon-V. 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