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1957 Atlantic Shore Line Railway: its predecessors and its successors Osmond Richard Cummings

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Volume 4. June 1950. Price $1.00 Connecticut Valley Warehouse Point. (Re-Issued January 1957) Conn. Chapter Copyright 1957, Connecticut Valley Chapter. National Rallway Histotical Society Inc. Atlantic Shore Line Rail-way rrThe Sea View Routen - . • . its predecessors and its successors By 0. R. CUMMINGS

ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY No. 18 at the York Beach station. -[Photo from 0. R. Cummings Collection. 2. TRANSPORTATION' Vol. 4, P._-age 2. Introd uc:tion Transportation Published by: THE 1949 SALE of the 3-mile Kittery and York with Eliot and Connecticut Valley Chapter, electric freight line between South Berwick (Maine) and Dover National Railway Historical Society Inc. Roger Borrup, Editor Sanford and Springvale, Maine, to (New Hampshire), as well as oper­ Warehouse Point, Conn. the Sanford & Eastern Railroad by ating the ferry service across the the York Utilities Company, and Riscataqua River between Kittery, subsequent changeover . to Diesel Maine, and Portsmouth, N. H. The motive power, all but brings to an It was a fine railway system, but end the colorful history of the sec­ was in financial difficulties during Mousam River ond largest of the Pine Tree State's most of its existence and finally four major electric railway systems fell a victim to •the high costs of Railroad -the ATLANTIC SHORE LINE operation and the ~ncreasing com~ RAILWAY, known in its hey-day as petition of the private automobile. EARLIEST of the Atlantic Shore the "Sea View Route." The Sanford­ The story of the Atlantic Shore Line's predecessors, the Mousam Springvale line was the last re­ Line is an inlteresting one for it ·Rivzr Railroad, one cf New Eng­ maining segment under trolley wire. deals not only with the "Sea View land's pioneer trolley freight car­ riers, was chartered by spec;ial act At its heigh~, this extensive 90- Route" itself, but also with its mile network of cross-country predecessors, the Mousa·m Raver of the Maine Legislature March 12, trolley lines, operating largely over Railroad, the Sanford & Cape Por­ 1889, and was authorized to build in private right-of-way, extended from poise Railway, the Portsmouth, Sanford from Springvale village to Kittery to Biddeford, s e r vi n g Kittery & York Street Railway and the manufacturing district of the York, York Beach, Ogunquit, Wells, the Portsmouth, Dover & York town-then, as now, a busy indus­ Kennebunk, Kennebunkport and Street Railway, all four of which trial community- and to effect a Cape Porpoise; it branched inland were merged to form the Atlantic physical connection with the Port­ from Kennebunk to Sanford and Shore Line system as it finally land & Rochester Radlroad at the Springvale, and connected both developed. Springvale depot. The primary pur­ pose of the road was rto provide carload freight facilities for the Foreword Sanford mills, but passenger and express service also was to be run THE background for this history piled by W. J. Dunston, master between the two villages. of the Atlantic Shore Line Rail­ mechanic of the Atlantic Shore at Formal organdzation of the com­ way-4ts preaecessors and its suc­ that time; and other notes which pany followed on July 12, 1892, with cessors - was taken from a brief were supplied by Eugene Cloutier, the Goodall brothers of Sanford, history of the system as it was Howard T. Moulton, Joseph E. Mac­ owners of large interests in the published in the "Maine Electric Laughlin, William M. B. Lord and · mills there, as chdef promoters. Transiteer" several years ago, and Breed Walker. Construction of the 2.94-mile route from an article which appeared in This history is respectfully dedi­ started during the latter part of a December 1907 issue of the long­ cated to Mr. McCray, retired vice~ the year. Freight operation between defunct "Street Railway Journal." president and general manager or the Springvale interchange and Other information has come from the New Bedford Gas and Edison Sanford commenced on Feb. 28, the annual reports of the Maine Light Company, without whose 1893, and passenger service from and the New Hampshire Railroad painstaking assistance the comple­ Central Square, Sanford, along Commissioners; standard reference tion of this texts, such as Poor's Manual and fine story McGraw's Electric Railway Invest­ might have ment Manual; brief news n otes and been impos­ short articles in the "Electric Rail­ sible. way Journal" and last, but not least, from many former employees of the road, including Lee H. 0. R. McCray, general manager of the CUMMINGS, Atlantic Shore Line from 1910 to 1918. 300 The majority of the illustrations No. Bay St., are from the extensive collection of Howard T. Moulton. Many others Manchester, have contributed photographs and such are credited inddvidually. New Hamp­ The roster of equipment was shire. compiled from several sources, dn~ eluding a roster by Harold D. For·­ syth and Charles C. Holt; a ldst of equipment owned in 1908 as com- MOUSAM RIVER RAILROAD No. 4 with a U. S. Mail trailer. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 3.

River Street to Springvale, began a month later, o~ April 1st. Lnitial mlling stock consisted of two 20-ft. single truck closed cars of the open platform type built by the Briggs Caniage Company of Ames:Jury, Ma~ss.; two 8- bench single truck open trailers, ex-horse­ cars from the Portland Railroad; two 4-wheel baggNew England Electric Railway His­ torical Society Inc.); two snow plmvs and a locomotive. The locomotive, a single truck affair with open pla!tforms, weighed sllghtly more than 10 tons and was ec:uipped with two Westinghouse motJors ·of only 3D-horsepower but 1t could handle up to 45 tons with ccmparative ease. Upon one occa­ sion it proved powerful enough to start 104 'tons. Detachable noses made it usable a;s a snow plow. Two additional single truck open cars, built by Jacksnn & Sharp, and MOUSAM RIVER RAILROAD NO. 1-Sketched by Donald Shaw a third snow plow were acquired in from an illustration in an 1893 issue of the Street Railway Journal. 1898. At the same time platfmms were enclosed on two closed cars. The Mousam River Railroad's Roster of Rolling Stock carhouse was located near Mill THE MOUSAM RIVER RAILROAD Square in Sanford and the power ~~ Type 1 Builder 1 ~·~1 ~ station, a hydro-electric plant, was 1 4-wheellocomotive 1892 situated on the bank of the Mousam 2 20-ft. closed I Briggs 18921 Origina lly "open ender" later enclosed. 3 8-bench open trailer Ex-horsecar from Portland Railroad. River, midway between Sanford and 4 20-ft. closed Briggs 1892 Origina lly "open ender" later enclosed. Springvale. For power equipment, 5 8-bench open trailer Ex-horsecar from Portland Railroad. there was one 150 - horsepower 6 Baggage trailer 1893 7 9-bench open IJackson & Sharpe 1898 Humphrey waterwheel, connected 8 Baggage trailer 1893 INow at Seashore Electric museum. to a 100-horsepower, 550-;nolt Wes·t­ 9 9-bench open Jackson & Sharpe 1898 Became Atla ntic Shore Line Ry. No. 5 inghouse multi-polar generator, with a Corliss 70-hoJCsepower steam the feeders No. 0000, while the poles engine and another Westinghouse were of hard pine and chestnut, Sanford & multi-polar generator for use as an with clamp brackets. There were 5 auxilliary in times of low water. short bridges along the route. Cape Porpoise Physically, the Mousa.m River In the period from February 28 Railroad was as heavily constructed to December 15, 1893, the Mousam Railway as many steam roads, with 60- River Ra;ilroad handled more than pound "T" rail laid on cedar ties, 11,700 tons of freight and express, spaced on 2-foot centers, and well and for the 8 months from May 30 , ALTHOUGH the Mousam River ballasted with gravel. Switches 1893, to January 31, 1894, a total of Railroad was more than ade­ were of the patent lock type. The 111,725 passengers were carried, quately serving the purpose for trolley wire was No. o copper and averaging 85 car miles per day. which it was built, it soon became apparent that some means had to be provided to handle coal for the I Sanford mills in a more economical MOUSAM RIVER RAILROAD. II III manner, for the cost of bringing it to Springvale via the Portland & STATION TO SANFORD. IV v Rochester Railroad and hauling it Good for this trip only, on first car from point of transfer, after the to Sanford over the Mousam River time cancelled. Subject to the rules of the Company. VI VII line was almost pvohibitive. Issued on Car No. 2 VIII The solution to the problem came IX in the form of the Sanford & Cape 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 X Porpoise Railway, organized by the .7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ·- - · XI Goodalls and charter·ed October 6, Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dflc, XI! 1897. It proposed to build from Central Square, through the out-

' - ~ 4. TRANSPORTATION V @1. 4, Pa.ge 4. lying districts of Alfred and Lyman, to Kennebunk, Kennebunkport and Roster of Rolling Stock Cape Porpoise, 20.3 mil-es. To a ·tidewater terminal at Uape SANFORD & CAPE PORPOISE RAILWAY Porpoise, it was planned to bring coal in schooners and barges for Passenger Cars transfer to Sanf-ord via tne n ~ YJ ASLRy N umber Type Builder Year Renumbering Note electric railway, and from intci­ 2 20-ft. closed Briggs 1892 changes with the Boston & Maine 4 20-ft. closed Briggs 1892 A Railroad at Kennebunk and West 6 30-ft . combination J a ckson & Sharp 1899 32 A Kennebunk, the Sanford & Gape 7 9-ben ch .op_en J a ckson & ~h arp 1898 8 30-ft. com bination J ackson & Sharp 1899 34 A Porpoise intended to run dir-ect car­ 9 9,ben ch open J ackson & Shar p 1898 5 load freight service to points along 10 30-ft. combin a t ion Jackson & Sharp 1899 36 A its route. 11 15-bench open J ackson & Sharp 1899 41 Construction began in 1898. The 12 20-ft. closed J ackson & Shar p 1899 12 B 13 15-bench open J a ckson & Sh arp 1899 43 route followed private right-of-way 14 20-ft. closed Jackson & Sha r p 1899 10 from the outskirts of Sanford cO 15 15-bench open J ackson & Sha r p 1899 45 West Kennebunk. It crossed the 16 35-ft. closed Laconia 1904 42 Mousam River on a high trestle .:. t; 17 15-ben ch open J ack son & Sharp 1899 47 18 35-ft. closed Laconia 1904 40 Old Falls in Alfred where a hydro­ 19 15-b en ch open J ackson & Sharp 1899 49 electric power plant and a plea3tue 21 15-b en ch open Jackson & Sharp 1899 51 park were built. NOTE A- Ex-Mousam R iver Railroad Continuing through West Kenne­ NOTE B- Tra nsfer red to AtlaP tic Sh ore L in e Railway in 1900 bunk, the trolley paralleled the old highway t hrough .Kenne.'Junk vll­ Service Cars and Snow Plows lage to the Town House at Kenne­ Box freigh t cars - 2 bunkport and thence again over P la tform fre igh t cars - 1 private way to Cape Porpoise. Here Coal ca rs - 8 a long trestle, intended to serve also Sn ow plows - 1 as a coal wharf, was built across the harbor to Bickford's Island where a large casino was erected. * * * QN August 15, 1899, operation was begun on the 14.6 miles between Sarddrd and West Kennebunk. Tne following November the rest of the route, from West Kennebunk to Cape Porpoise (5 .83 miles) was opened. Passenger and freight service started immediately, but it was not until the spring of 1900 , after the ice was out of the harbor at Cape Porpoise, that the hauling of coal to t h e Sanford mills began. With both the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway and the Mousam CAPE PORPOISE TRESTLE showing a 4-wheel open and an River Railroad under a common express motor of the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway, along ownership, the latter was lea.se1 to with 3 coal cars. In the back ground are both a schooner and a the former on August 15, 18)9, an:\ coal barge; •._.: -Photograph from the collect~ on of 0. R Cummings. the two companies began operaEng as a single system. Passen ger equipment purchased by the Sanford & Cape Porpoise SANFORD & CAPE PORPOISE RAILWAY Railway in 1899 included two single Trackage -~ January 1, 1900 truck closed cars, six 15-bench open cars and three double truck cl"osed Miles ''' Miles Total cumbination passenger - baggage Owned Leased Miles cars, all built by J ackson & Sharp. Other rolling stock included a Lengt h of r ailway line ...... 20.45 2.58 23.03 double truck freight loc·omotive, a Length of sidings, switches ...... 1.10 .89 1.99 Taunton double truck snow plow, gondolas for coal hauling, and all Total lengbh as single tra ck 21.55 3.47 25.02 th e Mousam River Railroad equip­ ment. Frequent use was made· also ''' Original Mousam River Railroa d tra ckage. 5. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 5. of steam railroad gondolas and very heavy. The shore dinners "l.nd other freight equipment picked up th~ deep sea fishing available at Po1"tsmouth. at interchanges with the Boston & Cape Porpoise were excellent at­ Maine Railroad. tractions for tourists and the rail­ Kittery & Yo.rk The Sanford & Cape Porpoise way did not neglect to capitalize on Railway soon developed a sizable these enticements. In addition, the Street Railway passenger traffic, especially during Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway AT the southeasterly corner of the summer months when riding rapidly built up a lucrative freight York County, the Kittery & between Sanford and Old Falls Park business which grossed more than York Electric Railroad was incor­ and to Cape Porpoise casino was $17,000 in its first year. porated on March 27, 1893, to build =:J ~~~;~

NO. 14, a Jackson & Sharp 20-ft. closed car of the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway, on Bridge Street, Springvale. - Photo by courtesy Russell Goodall.

ENTERING Dock Square, Kennebunkport, on a hot summer's day is open car No. 13 of the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway. Car later became Atlantic Shore Line Railway No. 43. -Photograph by cour­ tesy of Miss Adelaide Day. '· 6. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Pag e 6.

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TRESTLE of the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street Railway over theYork Harbor & Beach Railroad at Seabury in York, Maine. Car on trestle is single truck flat "B." -Collection of Howard T. Moulton.

PORTSMOUTH, KITTERY & YORK STREET RAILWAY mail car "A" at York Beach about 1899. Thil; was one of the first electric railway post office cars in New England. - From Howa rd T. Moulton. 7. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 7.·

from Kittery through Kittery Point to York Village, York Harbor and York Beach, and to operate a ferry across the Piscataqua River be­ tween Kittery and Portsmouth, New Hampshire. On March 19, 1895, the charter was extended for two years and on February 2, 1897, another two-year extension was granted, with the name of the company being changed to the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street Railway. Construction began in the spring of 1897, the route extending from Badger's Island, Kittery, where a ferry landing and waiting station were built, over locations named in the Kittery & York Electric Rail­ road's charter, a distance of 15.1 miles. The road, as a whole, was a THE "KITTERY," ferryboat of the Portsmouth, Kittery & York very crooked one, both horizontally Street Railway, was built at Kennebunkport in 1899. This craft nnd vertically, and because of its plied the Piscataqua River for nearly 25 years before being sold following the shore, some 13 pile and reportedly taken to Lake Champlain. -Howard T. Moulton. trestles totaling nearly 1.3 miles in

ONE OF THE ORIGINAL Briggs 14-bench open cars of the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street Rail­ way in Kittery, Maine. Note typical side-of-road construction and winding track. When these cars were first in use, they bore no numbers. -Photograph from the collection of Howard T. Moulton.

J 8. TRANSPORTATION Vol 4, Page 8.

& York purchased two 13-bench double truck opens from the New­ buryport Car Company. On June 27, 1900, the Portsmouth, Kittery & York opened a short SOUTH BERWICK extension from its original terminus Junction, where the at York Beach northerly to St. Aspinquid Park, a distance of .43 Dover and South mile, and installed a 220-cell stor­ Berwick lines sepa­ age battery at York Beach carbarn. rated. Car in the picture is No. 29, a 13-bench open job. Portsmouth. Dover & York Street Railway SHORTLY after the Portsmouth, length, were required to cross the Revere Beach & Lynn Railroad, and Kittery & York Street Railway numerous creeks, coves and harbors the "Mystic." The "Newmarch" was began construction, another com­ along the route. bUl'ned to the water's edge in 1899 pany, the Kittery & Eliot Street A 600-foot bridge, 24 feet wide, and was replaced with a new ferry, Railway, was organized by directors for trolleys and teams, connected the "Kittery,'' built at Kennebunk­ of the Portsmouth, Kit tery & York. Badger's IslSalmon Falls River, an d 14-bench double truck opens was being given a 4-year contract in over th e bridge to Fl'anklin Square purchased from the Briggs Carriage 1897 to carry the mail between in Dover. In pursuance of that Company. Portsmouth and York Beach. purpose, he organized in 1902 the Other equipment included a Two double truck closed cars, one Berwick, Eliot & York Street Rail­ single truck mail car, a construction built by Wason and the other by way in Maine and the Dover & Eliot car, a snow plow and two ferry­ St. Louis, were added in 1900 and Street Railway in New Hampshire. boats, the "Newmarch," formerly 1901, respectively, and during the Governor Hill acquired a la rge the "City of Lynn" of the Boston, latter year, the Portsmouth, Kittery interest in the Portsmout h, Kittery & York Street Railway and made a contract with that company so that cars of his proposed road could run over Portsmouth, Kittery & York YORK BEACH car tracks from York Corner to York storage barn built Beach. He purchased a majority of in 1905. It was re­ the stock and assumed the debt of modeled after the the Eliot Bridge Company and he cars stopped oper­ revived the charter of the Kittery ation and now is in & Eliot Street Railway. use as a dance hall. At the same time, residents of Berwick and South Berwick who were anxious to have the two com­ munities connected with Governor Hill's proposed system, org·anized 9. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 9. the Berwick & South Berwick Street Railway and offered to finance the building of the branch if the Ber­ / ~ wick, Eliot & York road would agree to its ·construction. Early in 1903, the Berwick, Eliot & York Street Railway was given a-dditional powers by the state legislature, .including permission to purchase or lease the Portsmouth, Kittery & Y•ork, the Kittery & Eliot, the Dover & Eliot and the Berwick & South Berwick Street Railways, as well as the Eliot Bridge Com­ pany, and was further authorized to extend a line from some con­ venient point on its line to connect with the Kittery & Eliot Street Railway which had commenced operation from the Kittery ferry landing to Greenacre, South Eliot, on July 26, 1902, using cars leased from the Portsmouth, Kittery & Y·ork Street Railway. Subsequently, the Berwick, Eliot CALL'S TRESTLE AT KITTERY POINT showing an open car & York changed its name to the approaching. This was one of the many pile trestles built in 1897 Portsmouth, Dover & York Street between Kittery and York Beach.-Courtesy Howard T. Moulton. Railway. On June 1, 1903, it leased the Dover & Eliot Street Railway Railway on November 1, 1903, in­ the York Beach ca rhouse on Octo­ (which began operation on August cluded 6 closed cars, 11 open ears, ber 9, 1904. To replace them, the 13th) for a period of 999 years. On one mail car, one work car and two Portsmouth, Dover & Ymk pur­ July 1st it absorbed the Kittery & snow plows. As of June 30, 1904, the chased a 28-ft. double truck closed Elio.t Street Railway. On November rolling stock of the Portsmouth, car and a double truck combination 1st, having extended a line from Dover & York Street Railway in­ mail and express ca r from Laconia Eliot to York Corner, it took over cluded 11 closed cars, 19 open cars, later in the year. the Portsmouth, Kittery & York one mail car, 12 work cars and The Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway. three snow plows. (The third snow Street Railway's main carhouse, a Thus was effected the consolida­ plow was a double truck job built 6-track brick building with a 20-c·ar tion of a 39.76-mile system extend­ by Smith & Wallace and acquired capacity, was located a t South Ber­ ing from Dover and South Berwick in late 1903 or early 1904). wick Junction. There also was the to Eliot, South Eliot and Kittery; Two passenger cars, a Briggs old Portsmouth, Kittery & York from Kittery to York Beach; from 20-ft. closed and a Laconia 25-ft. barn at Kittery Point and the car­ York Corner to Eliot over a route closed, and the single truck mail house at Ymk Beach, which was called the "Air Line," and, of course, car were lost in fire that destroyed rebuilt after the 1904 fire. via the ferry from Kittery to Ports­ mouth. Of the total mileage, 20.393 -&\.~ ­ 1 ~ n·r: miles were over private way! Incidentally, the Portsmouth, li...... ,. ~- "'\,; Dover & York never did reach Berwick, extending only as far as the Salmon Falls bridge in South Berwick village. New equipment purchased by the Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway included five 25-ft. double truck closed cars and seven 13- bench double truck opens built by the Laconia Car Company, and one 13-bench open built by Newbnry­ port. (The last is believed to have been ordered by the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street Railway but taken over by the Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway on ROSEMARY JUNCTION, Eliot, in the days of the Berwick, Eliot delivery) . & York Street Railway. Car No. 20 is bound for Yor k Beach and Equipment received from the the car at the left has just arrived from Kittery and South Eliot. Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street The photograph is from the collection of Howard T. Moulton. 10. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, P a ge 10.

Equipment Roste.- Portsntoutlt, Dover & York Street Railway Atlantic Including ctu•s of tlte Po.-tsmoutlt, l{itte•·y & Yo.-k St.-eet Railway Shore Line CLOSED CARS Railway· Year Form er ~:~ I Type of Car I...:..: R.:;n.:;il.::d.:::c •:...· ----I B uilt Owner ~ o tes 20-f t . closed Briggs 1897 PK&Y No. 6 believed los t 4 20-ft. closed Briggs 1897 PK&Y in York Beach car­ E VEN before the Mousam River house fire . 6 20-ft. closed Briggs 1897 PK&Y Railroad commenced operation, 12 20- ft. closed B r iggs 1397 PK& Y plans for an elect ric railway from 14 30- f t . closed Wason 1900 P K&Y Biddeford to York Beach were in 16 32- ft. closed S t . Louis 1899 PK&Y No. 16 purchased 18 25-ft. closed L a conia 1902 from Metropolitan the process of forma!tion. S t r eet Railway of 20 25-ft. closed Laconia 1902 New York in 1901. On Ma rch 28, 1893, the Maine 22 25- ft. closed L a conia 1902 24 25-ft. closed Lacon ia 1902 legislature granted a charter to 26 25- ft. closed Laconia 1902 F ir s t No. 26 lost in th e Atlantic Shore Line Electric York B each ca r barn 26 28- ft. closed Laconia 190! fire. Railroad which proposed to build "from som e point on the Saco OPEN CARS River, in the city of Biddeford, Car Year Forme r t hrough the town s of Kennebunk­ N o. TyJ>C of Car B uilder I B uilt Owner Notes 1 10-ben ch open B r iggs 1897 P K&Y port, Kennebunk and Wells, and 3 10-bench open Briggs 1897 PK &Y to a point nea r the depot of t h e 5 14-bench open B riggs 1897 PK & Y York Harbor & Beach Railroad a t 7 14-bench open B r iggs 1897 PK&Y York Beach." The act of incorpo­ 9 14-bench open Briggs 1897 PK&Y 11 14-bench open Briggs 1897 PK& Y ration was extended for two years 13 14-bcnch open Briggs 1897 PK&Y in 1895, and again in 1897. 15 14-bench open B r iggs 1897 PK&Y 17 14 -bench open Laconia 1897 PK& Y On October 18, 1899, articles of 19 13-ben ch open Newburyport 1901 PK& Y associa tion of the Atla n tic Shore 21 13-ben ch open Ne wbu ryport 1901 PK&Y Line Railway were filed with the 23 13-bcnch open Newbu r yport 1902 Maine R•ailroad Commissioners by 25 13-ben ch open Laconia 1902 27 13-ben ch open Lacon ia 1902 Ernest M. Goodall, George B. 29 13-bcnch open Laconia 1902 Goodall, Louis B. Goodall, Charles 31 13-bcnc h open Laconia 1902 A. Bodwell and Fred J . Allen , all 33 13-beach open Laconia 1902 directors a n d officers of th e San­ 13-bench open Laconia 1902 35 ford & Cape Porpoise Railway and 37 13-bench open Laconia 1902 th e Mousam River Railroad, first Se.-viee Ca.-s and Snow Plows having acquired the ch arter of Car Ye ar Former th e Atlantic Shore Line Electric No. Ty}>C of Car Builder B uilt Owner Notes Railroad. A Single t r u ck m a il 1897 PK&Y Single t ruck m ail ca r los t In th e York -- Dou ble t ruck m ail Laconia 1904 Beach c arhouse f ire. The n ew company proposed to B S ingle truck motor flat 1897 PK&Y build and operate a street railroad c S ingle truc k nose plow Taun ton 1897 PK& Y ·'in a nd th rough Biddeford, Kenne­ D Single truck nose plow T a unton 1897 PK&Y E Double t r uck motor fla t 1902 bunkport, Kennebunk an d Wells, F Dou ble t r uc k nose p low Smith & W a llace 1904 to a point n early opposite t he southerly end of St. Aspin quid T here a lso were a n umbe r of side clump a ncl 4-wh eel fl at cars ancl 4 double tr uck box car Park a t York Beach," essen tially traile rs built by L aconia in late 1905 or early 1906. All except two passen gers cars retained the ir Portsm outh, D01·er & Yor k numbers a fter th e same route as that projected being taken over by the Atla n tic Sh ore Line Railway in 1906. No. 12. Briggs 20-ft. closed. by the Atlantic Shore Lin e Electric was r enumber ed 6; No. 5, Br iggs 14-ben ch open, wa·s renumber ed 39. T he cl ou.ble truck Railroad six years earlier. At York m a il car becam e No. 108 a nd the four box tra ilers became Nos. 103, 104, 105 a ncl 106.

Reproduction of a n Atlantic Shore Line transfer. 11. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 11.

Beach it was to connect with the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Street Railway. At a hearing the State House in Augusta on February 7, 1900, oppo­ sition to the railway was voiced by several parties, including certain residents of Kennebunkport, who asserted that the town was the place of summer resort for a large number of people who di:d not care to have an electric railroad in the community because it would neces­ sarily bring in a large number of excursionists, and from their point of view it would not be desirable to the summer residents of the town. The railroad commissioners, in refuting this argument, stated that the contention that summer resi­ dents would leave Kennebunkport if an electric railroad were built through the town did not seem to TOWN HOUSE JUNCTION-A 1903 scene showing the waiting be based upon any facts connected station at left with the Town House in the background. Open car with any other town or village No. 11 is headed for Kennebunkport, while car No. 2 has just where street railways were operat­ arrived from Cape Porpoise. - Collection of 0. R. Cummings. ing. "A few may leave but more will come and it is the general Atlantic Shore Line obtained per­ on April 1, 1904, consolidation took welfare of the people and of the mission from the Railroad Com­ place. state which we must regard and missioners and built from Dock A large brick carhouse was built not a few who desire to isolate Square, Kennebunkport village, to at Town House and later, con­ towns like Kennebunkport for an intersection with the Sanford & struction began on a line from their own convenience. We believe Cape Porpoise Railway at Town Town House to Biddeford, using that an electric railway along the House-1.57 miles. Operation over rails and line material purchased beaches south of Biddeford will be the line began July 4, 1900. from the New Hampshire Traction of great advantage to those who The next step in the order of Company's pr,oposed - but never reside there and that it will be of events was the merging of the built-Exeter-Newmarket line. The no disadvantage to anybody," the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway, Biddeford route. which began oper­ commissioners stated. Accordingly, the Mousam River Railroad and ation on July 24, 1904, followed they approved the charter of the the Sanford Power Company with the highway for about two miles Atlantic Shore Line Railway on the Atlantic Shore Line Railway. from Town House to Harris Siding February 9, 1900. This was authorized by the Maine (which is adjacent to the present Early in June of that year, the legislature on March 13, 1903, and location of the Seashore Electric

COMBINATION CAR No. 52 is shown at Cape Porpoise in 1915. Small "X" sign hanging on dash denotes an extra car. Note that lettering reads "Atlantic Shore Railway" -name used after reorganization in 1910. -Photograph by courtesy Harold Jellison of Kennebunk, Maine.

~1 12. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 12.

Railway museum's shop area) at which point it went onto private right-of-way for nearly 6 miles through the woods to the outskirts of Biddeford. There it crossed the Biddeford & Saco Railroad at Birch and Alfred Streets, terminating at City Square, Biddef·ord. Another legislative act, in 1905, enabled the Atlantic Shore Line Railway to secure control of and absorb the Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway on February 1, 1906. Later that year, work began on construction of a 15-mile line between Kennebunk and York Beach to connect with the Ports­ mouth, Dover & Y'Ork routes with the rest of the system. Leaving Kennebunk, this new line paralleled the old Route 1 highway for nearly a mile and then entered private right-of-way to the outskirts of Wells. Rejoining KITTERY POINT CARBARN and power plant as viewed from tlie highway there, the route con­ the rear. The carbarn was razed in 1926, while the power plant tinued on through Wells Village, remained several years thereafter. -Collection of H. T. Moulton. Webhannet and Moody t;o Ogun­ quit where it again entered private Park at York Beach, and there it a through route from Kittery to way, running through the Ogun­ .connected with the Portsmouth, Biddeford and forging the final quit woods, past Bald Head cliff, Dover & York Street Railway. link in the chain of electric rail­ and across a trestle over the Cape The .line was placed in operation ways extending from New York Neddick River to St. Aspinquid Sunday, July 20, 1907, thus opening City to Lewiston, Maine.

CITY SQUARE, Biddeford .. in 1909, showing Atlantic Shore Line Railway car No. 40 just as it has departed for Town House, Kennebunkport -Photograph from the collection of Edward D. Leavitt. 13. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY .Page 13.

This and th•• following P"l:"es ar~. facsimile J'eproductions from :,iTUEET RAIL\\'AY JOI' UNAL, Yol. XXX, No. 24, December H, 1907. THE ATLANTIC SHORE LINE for home needs. The.first section (3 miles) of the system was huilt between Springvale and Sandford in 1892 under The hope of a cont-inuous trolley route along the Atlantic the name of the Mousam River Railroad, primarily to Coast from New York to Lewiston, Maine, has been re­ carry incoming and outgoing mill freight to the Boston & cently fulfilled by the construction between York Beach l\Iaine Railroad. In I899, this line, which is shown in the and. Kennebunk of the last coastwise link in the system of accompanying map, was extended to Kennebunk, Kenne­ the Atlantic Shore Line Railway. The latter now extends bunkport and Cape Porpoise, thus making it possible to secure deep-water freight connections at the cape. The Iii1 e to Biddeford connecting to famous Old Orchard Beach ,\TI..\HIC S:IOI:E UXE was completed in August, 1904. T\vo years ago, the pres­ llol!L\\'H SYSTEJ! A~D ' ent owners consolidated these Jines with the Portsmouth, COHECf!OlS Kittery & York Railway. The system now, covers, includ­ SCALE OF' '-IllES JO ing the York Beach line, roo miles of track, of which so ATLANTIC SHORE liNE RAILWAY __

C0N'i£CTII'IG ELECTRIC RAILWAYS •• ~·­ miles are on right of way. Tlte York Beach-Kennebunk­ !'IOSTO'I &. MAINE RAIL~OAD ...... _ port line has a right of way 66 ft. 8 ins. wide beginning "' between York Beach and Cape Neddick, returning to the ~ public road for the 6-mile run between Ogunquit and Ken­

:....· nebunk. All of the franchises are perpetual. For operating convenience, the system is divided into a Central, ·western and Eastern division. The Western clivi~ sion, formerly the Portsmouth, Kittery & York Railway, connects Portsmouth, Dover and Salmon Falls, N. H., Eliot, South Berwick, Kittery, York and York Beach, Ilfaine; the Central division, constituting the latest addition, connects York Beach, Ogunquit, Moody, vVebhannet, vVells, The Elms and Kennebunk; the \Vestern division includes the Sandford-Springvale-Cape Porpoise route, and is the one doing the heaviest freight business. The Central divi­

(0'• sion, which is the principal scenic line, has brought several "' attractive communities into close touch with the world. The village of Ogunquit, for instance, is 6 miles from the nearest railroad station. A characteristic scene in Ogunquit, typi­ cal of other villages in this section, is shown in one of the accompanying illustrations. ROAD A:-ID TRACK COXSTRUCTION On the . \tlantic Shore Line there are eighteen intersec­ Strcd Hy. Ju11r·•·t ~f..\P 01' DISTRICT SERVED BY THE ATLANTIC SHORE LINE tions with steam railroads, only one of which is at grade.

from Portsmouth, N. H., connecting with the South and \Vest via Boston, to Biddeford, Maine, where it meets lines running to Bath and Lewiston via Portland. The stretch of Maine coast thus opened up for popular tra \'el is wide­ ly noted for its long, splemliJ beachc,;, which alternate with r(JCk-bouml shores, peninsulas and island;, iong famed for their majestic wildness. To the visitor, the district offers other attractions, too, for its quiet, old­ fashioned Yillages still retain the stamp of the pioneer N cw Englander. In fact, from the start in Kittery, at the launching place of Paul Jones' "Ranger," to the end of the route in the flourishing mill town of Bidde­ ford, the tourist will find many things of scenic and historic interest. It is ,\ LIVELY SCENE AT YORK BEACH DURING THE HEIGHT OF THE TOURIST SEASON hardly remarkable, therefore, to find · that. this is rapidly becoming a favorite trip for the New This is on a branch line at South Berwick and will soon be England trolley traveler. converted into an under-grade crossing. A typical example Despite the fact that so much travel comes from non­ of the company's latest practice in this direction is shown residents, the Atlantic Shoi·e 'Line RaiJ\,·ay, properly called i~ the accompanying view of an ].lnder-grade highway the "Sea View Route," originally consisted of several inde­ crossing at \Veils, on the York Beach-Kennebunkport sec­ pendent unconnected systems built by local capital purely tion. Tht> steam railroad crosses on a girde~ bridge .car· 14. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 14.

Facsimile reproduction from S'l'REI•:'l' R.(\IL\L\Y JOUR:>OAJ-, Yol. XXX, No. 2!, DecemiJer H, 1~107.

ricd on granite abutments, while the trolley line is carried line is ballasted with graYel from the company's pit at in a reverse curve along a depression in the highway. The \Vells, but rock has also been used where available. The part of the road reserved for other traffic is held by a rails are of So-lb. T-section, laid. in 33-ft. fengths on 6-in. retaining wall and is also fenced. Most of the later under­ x 6-in. ties S ft. long, spaced 2-ft. centers. The ties on grade highway crossings are built with concrete abutments. tangents usually are of chestnut, but of oak on some of the

-- ,\ -· X' ! II i. ,f to .; ~ II' I '; l • 1 I j I I I ~ i-~ I ! I Hoek ?/ Enrth 1/ -'- ~,- -;c:.:c_~t~~-i_'C_-~~~ -, • I 1 1~ . h' - ' ! I - - :i'- -- ~ II !:1 I ~~ !: - ~ --- ~-- ~-2U~ - - -~ ! ~?! UJ .Strc.Cl R!J, Jvurua' S'L\:\D,\RD TURNOUT CONSTRUCTION There arc about 3 miles of bridges and trestles on the RE\.ERSE CURVE UNDER Till·: HOSTOX & :\1.11?\E ll.\lf.R0.\0, entire sy;.:xem. The longest trestle, 6oo ft., is 01·er the SHOWING REL\1'\JXG \1 ' ,\LL FOR RO.IU\\'AY .\!\ IJ channel of the Cape l\eddick River on the new line. There CHARACTER Of 1.il\DER-CJWSSI:-IG CONSTRUCTION are also several extensive rock fills on the new line. The cun·cs. The raib arc jointed ll'ith sin1plc angle plates ;Lild bonded with the .\nJCJ:ican- Steel & \Vire Company's rinted copper bonds concealed under the fish-plates. No. ~~~~~~~~~~!i~=-~.:~~~~/ oooo flexible bonds arc u:;ed for cross-bonding. The right STA.N:l,\RO FOR YILLA.GE S'IREETS oi way is protcctcckby wire il'nce allll iron gates furnisher!

r::-:~ -- ill· the A.mcrican Steel & \\'ire l.'01npany. Stone for cattle guards has also been used in places \\'here it could be con­ Snh !lt~·!~ r<~·~~~~~ ~"~': c:~ ..... l·cnicntly obtained. The roadbed construction on the other sections of the lines is somewhat lighter them that of the latest work. the STANDARD FOR MAIN LINE rails varying in weight from 6o lbs. to So lbs. Lord sol­ Str~ct R!J, Jvurn~i dered bonds etrc used on the Eastern division and different LATEST TRACK CO?\STRUCTIOK STAKD,\RDS OF TilE ATLA:\TJC SHORE LINE RAILWAY CO:i!l',\:\Y types of plain copper bonds on the other old sections. OVERHEAD CONSTRUCTION AND TR.\NS.\USS10X LINES longest of these, between York Beach and Ogunquit, 1s shown in one of the accompanying illustrations. The Tke poles on th.e York Dead! line arc mostly of cedar grades throughout do n0t exceed 4 per cent and, except in ll'ith the rest chestnut, spaced 100 it. on tangents. Those the towns, there arc no (un·cs oi more than so ft. radius.

A TYPJC\L SCENE JX OGUNQUIT 0:-1 THE 1\TLANTJC SHORE A HEAVY ROCK FJLL NEAR CAPE KEDDICK, BETWEEN YORK LINE RAILWAY BEACH AND OGUNQUIT

Two of the accompanying drawings show the character now carrying or intended to. carry high-tension lines are of the Yillagc and right-of-way roadbed construction 35 ft. long, but otherwise 3 ft. to 5 ft. shorter. Owing to adopted on the York Beach line, which represents the com­ the frequel)t heavy winds, it was considered advisable to pany's latest and best practice. The greater part of the anchor ;:rll the poles. Stombaugh anchors are used where 15. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 15.

F:w•imile •·eJHuduction from S'.rRE.;'[ R;\ILWAY JOURNAL. Yol. X:\:X, Nu. 24. Dect•mh•••· H. 1!107.

the soil is soft and anchor bolts in rock. The guy wires Portsmouth, Kittery & York line, and No. oo between Bid­ have wooden insulators to minimize current leakage. deford and Kennebunkport, in accordance with the different Two cross-arms are provided for two three-phase, Io,ooo­ power requirements. All lines on the system of this com­ volt transmission circuits. Only one of these is now in­ pany are protected at half-mile intervals by General Elec­ stalled, however, and is carried on brown Lima insu­ tric or Garton-Daniels arresters. lators placed on one side, which is ft. 2 y,( ins. long. 7 POWER EQUIP1!ENT The upper cross-arm for the future high-tension circuit is I ft. 6 ins. higher and 5 ft. 3~ ins. long. The feeder arm The power sources of the Atlantic Shore Line Railway are widely scattered and include two water-power plants, ' three steam plants, sub-stations and storage batteries. ~F~ Within the last year the feeder lines for all divisions have been tied together at appropriate junctions with section in­ ~r'·n~~:- __ '- ~ : - ::{ ~.:-,; \_ _ . sulators and switches. This work includes extending the _::.._.1 __, ' " ~. 1--·*-~~ Io,ooo-volt transmission system on the vVestern division . · I i now betwee n Dover and York Corner to Ogunquit to meet I I · 1· the other a. c. transmission line from Old Falls. These j . I f~ { "" i changes will assist not only in better balancing of loads, but also cut clown the losses resulting from long, low-ten­ !/.r/ . I I . 1. sion, direct-current lines. T J~ I The principal steam plant is at Kittery Point, which j ••;± icc.c. i · ~ o c_J ___ served for years as the power supply for the Portsmouth, . ' ] , lJ! __.-----,,.J ____ .__. , Kittery & York Railway, now constituting the vVestern divi­ --~ :~: p\ sion. This is a direct-current station and contains the fol­ t j 1f: !t; & - ~ - - -~uJ lU STANOARO lowing: Two Ball Wood compound engines, belted to STANOARO FOL1 FOR ~ r'iNEElUNK 225-kw and IIo-kw G. E . generators respectively and one MAIN LINE V1LlACE S'rcct Ry. Jo•trllal Erie City engine running a second 225-kw generator. The POLE CONSTRUCTION WITH AND WITHOUT HIGH-TENSION other steam plant operated directly by the company is of TRANSMISSION LINES 300-kw capacity and located at Kennebunkport. It is used only as an auxiliary. is also 5 ft. 3~ ins. long, and is placed 3 ft. 4 ins. under From a I 500-kw Curtis turbine steam plant at Dover, con­ the lower h~gh-tension arm. A double telephone circuit of trolled by the railway interests alternating current at 3400 No. IO iron wires is carried on the lowest arm 3 ft. 4 ins. volts is transmitted to the South Berwick sub-station and below the feeder. These telephone circuits are transposed at Io,ooo volts to York Corner. every six poles to minimize interference from the a. c. The company also operates two hydro-electric plants, lines. The feeders are No. oooo copper tapped by No. o using water from the Mousam and Alfred rivers. The lower wire every ISOo ft. The No. oooo trolley wire on this of these plants was purchased some time ago from the division is suspended from Ridlon trolley brackets to give Alfred Light & Power Company and is operated on a 6o-ft. a clearance of IS ft. above the head of the rails. Speci­ head. This station contains Smith turbines connected to mens of the overhead construction on tangents and at

ESTES DAM AND POWER PLANT THE AUXILIARY STEAM PLANT AT KENNEBUNK, MAINE

turnouts are shown in the accompanying illustrations. three soo-kw vVestinghouse a. c. generators, one of which Wood-insulated span wires carry the trolley wire at curves is an a. c. d. c. generator. and turnouts. The supply of power from this source has been recently The overhead construction on the older divisions differs increased by the construction of a new dam at Estes Pond, in several particulars from the foregoing, such as the use Sso ft. long and 40 ft. high. The new station is a brick of Brookfield glass insulators on the Western division and building with a frame addition for the penstocks. The Locke white porcelain insulators on the Eastern division equipment consists of two soo-hp Victor turbines direct for the ro,ooo-volt current. The. feeders throughout are connected to two 300-kw, three-phase, 6o-cycle, 2200-volt of No. oooo section, in multiple where necessary. The trol­ generators. Three water-cooled transformers are installed ley wire on the Western section is No. oo and No. o on the to step-up the generator potential to TO,ooo volts for tra11 ~· 16. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 16.

.F:tc;imile reproduction.from i;TlUcJ•;T RArL,•\'AY JOUUNAJ,, \'ol. XXX, No. :l~. D~c~m!Jer H, 1!)07.

mission. The circuits from this station and from the other ends of the Central division. In addition, a sub-station water-power plant are carried as a triple system to West equipped with a 300-kw, G. E. converter and transformers Kennebunk:. At this point one of the lines is carried to the has been installed at Ogunquit, and a portable ~ub-station sub-station at Town Hause, while the remaining two are containing a 200-kw outfit of the same type was kept during carried across country to a portable sub-station kept near the summer between vVells and Kennebunk to help out cars Elms and to the sub-station at Ogunquit. It will be noticed on the new division. This car outfit. when in service at from the map that this arrangement saves considerable pole and wire ma­ terial, besides avoiding the necessity of passing through Kennebunk with a high-tension line.

SUB-STATIONS AND STORAGE BATTERIES The Western division has a sub­ station at South Berwick which con­ tains a 200-kw G. E. motor generator set and a 278-cell chloride accumu­ lator battery. There is also a battery of 220 cells at York Beach, and a 300-kw Westinghouse rotary and transformer equipment is located at York Corner. The Eastern division has a sub­ station at Town House containing a 300-kw Westinghouse rotary. There is also a 240-cell line battery at Old Falls. This battery is kept in a sepa­ rate wooden building directly along­ side the turnout at this point at a short distance from the Old Falls PARALLELING THE HIGHWAY ON AN EMBANKMENT IN WELLS, MAINE power station. No regular attendant is found necessary at this section, but in accordance with any particular point, is jacked up to relieve the pressure on the best practice in floating batteries installed at isolated the car springs due to the movement of the rotary. points, a guide lamp is placed in front of the building to SIGNAL AND DESPATCHING SYSTEMS inform passing conductors whether the battery circuit The company is now using the United States Electric Signal Company's signals to cover the block beginning at the Kittery ferry opposite Portsmouth, a second block at York, and spacing sets for the protection of two curves along the Portsmouth, Kittery & York division. The Eastern division has one set of signals at Kennebankport installed by the Eureka Automatic Signal Com­ pany, of Tamaqua, Pa. The same type is also installed at Kennebunk: on the new line, equipped with lights for night use, beside the usual sema­ phore signals. In case of a circuit disturbance, the signals drop by grav­ ity to "danger." All despatching is done by tele­ phone to the car houses, sub-stations and booths placed at the turnouts. The instruments are of both Strom­ berg-Carlson and Holtzer-Cabot type, but the installation was designed by the Holtzer-Cabot Electric Company. THE STEAM PLANT AT KITTERY POINT, MAINE The usual type of booth is shown in one of the accompanying cuts. breaker is open or closed. The station at Sanford contains Both the Central and Western divisions are governed by step-down transformers and a 2,50-kw, soo-volt rotary con­ the despatcher at Kittery Point, while the Eastern division verter to supply Old Falls power to local manufacturers. cars are despatched from Kennebunk. Both despatchers It will be noted from the foregoing that sub-stations and may keep in communication through a separate telephone batteries are located at both the northern and southern system. Pegged boards are used by the despatchers to fol- 17. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 17.

Facsimi.Je reproduction from ..;;TUEl:T .RAIL\\'AY JOlJUNAJ,, \ 'ol. XXX, i\i>. 2 ~. D<'cemh r- 1· H. 19(li'.

low the progress of cars in their charge. All stations and ~e ngcr and two haYc baggage comparttncnts. These arC turnouts not pre,·iously named are definitely named for intended to meet the exacting requirements of the new convenience in dispatching. The scheme is also of value York Beach-Kennebunk line, both with regard to the high to passengers, inasmuch as every turnout is furnished wi th speeds and comfort of passengers. Each car is equipped a locality sign. with four \ Vestinghouse motors carried on Standard trucks. The despatcher's orders are usually received by the car T\YO fifteen-bench open cars haYc been obtained from the house or sub-station attendants, who )Vrite them out on same car builder. In all the company has fifty-six cars for its passenger ~c n · ir c, fi\' c locomot ives and eight snow Egry autographic registers, delivering one ~opy to the mo­ torman and another to the conductor, while the third copy plows. remains in the locked box. In cases when a car has been Among th e apparatus usc cl with this rolling stock are the delayed for over fiv e minutes, the motorman must call up following: Christense n air brakes, Ge neral Electri c <1ir

OGL::\QUIT SUll-ST AT!Ol\ WITH WOODEN CAR SI-TED AND PORTABLE SUB-ST ,\TION .\'1' KEN:\EJ:U0:K, ~ l AINE TELEPHONE llOOTH ADJACENT brakes, arc headli ghts and son1c type l\ l control cqui pments; the despatcher at the fir st turn-out, receive his order a nd \Vil son troll ey catchers, Consol idated heaters. Ohmer regis­ repeat to the conductor. The latter then must repeat the ters and Sterling-l\Icakcr printing registers. message to the despatcher bdore proceedin g. I t is also cus­ This compa11y also owns and operates t\\·o ferryboats be­ tomary in busy times for the stati on men at York Beach tween Portsmouth and K ittery. and other important points to keep the despatcher iniormcd C1\ R HOUSES of the prog r.css of the cars. The consolidation of the lines now making up the Atlan­ During periods of hcayy traffic, the co mpany mns cars tic Shore Line Hailway pl aced in the company\ hands sev- tw.o or more in a block. on the car-following system. The

CAR AT SWI!'\G I:\' \\'ELLS, WITH CREW .\T TELEP.T!ONE A l\EAT Sl'l~ · ST,\TIO:\' ,\:\ll \\'.\lTI:\C ROO\! .\T \'ORK llOOTH COR0:ER, ~lAINE . first car carries a sign \\'orded "Car F ollowin g," instead of eral small frame structures, which haye heen retained having the customary green sign. This serves as an indi­ because oi their convenience in el iminating unnecessary cation to intending passengers that there is a car behind. mileage. The regular repair work for the Eastern division l :pon reaching a turn-out the crew of this car notify the is cared for at Town House. At that place the company opposing car to wait for No. 2 . Should '\'o. 2 bear a "Car has built the b/ick car house shown in one of the accom­ Following" sign, it is necessary to \\'ait for No. ;), and so panying illustrations. T his structure houses twenty cars. on. Following cars a re not subj ect to despatcher's orders, :\t Sanford, which is also on the Eastern diyision. there beitig instructed simply to obey the orders giyen to the is a frame structure for six cars. Hcpairs for the \Vestern preceding car. di\·ision arc made at the Kittery Point frame car house, ROLLING STOCK AND BOATS which holds twelve cars. There is also a twenty-car The latest cars purchased bv the company a re of the capacity brick structure at South Berwick junction. On Drill semi-con\'ert ihl e type. Fom arc oi the straight pas- the Central •li,·ision there is

Facsimile I"CJ>I"oduction fl"tlm STREET HAIJ,"'AY ,TOt:Rl'\AJ,, Yol. XXX, No.2!, Decembei" H, 1907.

Beach to save cars from returning to Kittery Point, and the r6-mile trip between York Beach and Kennebunkport also a new three-track building at Ogunquit for six cars. costing 40 cents. Commutation books for workmen are The Ogunquit installation has a concrete pit to allow light sold at the rate of $3.50 for roo tickets, transportation good repair work. for fifteen days, and two books, good for one month, .arc PASSENGER TRAFFIC SOURCES sold to one individual. The rates on other sections work While the tourist traffic is unusually important on the out as follows: Portsmouth to York Beach, I 50 miles, 25 Atlantic Shore Line Railway, the territory itself affords a cents; Dover to York Beach, r8 miles, 30 cents; Dover to good steady travel throughout the year, owing to the manu­ South Berwick, 8 miles, ro cents; Sanford to Cape Por­ facturing and other industries of this district. Although poise, 32 miles, 35 cents; Town House to Biddeford, 80 miles, Io cents. From this it is evi­ dent that the older portions of the system usually have the lowest fares. The fare zones are allowed to over­ lap to include churches, post offices or other points to encourage traffic. School- tickets, good only on school days, are sold at reduced rates, and reduced rate tickets are also sold un­ der certain restrictions to workmen. \,Y aiting rooms are provided, either in special buildings as at Ogunquit, or In village stores, where tickets may be purchased. During the summer months the coastwise lines are opcraled orr a half-hour schedule and, if the traffic CAR QUARTERS AT TOWN HOUSE KENNEBUNK, MAINE is heavy, two or three cai;S arc run in a block on the "Car Follow­ the Boston & Maine Railroad operates lines to many points ing" system, already mentioned. Otherwise the cars arc reached by the electric railway, the latter has secured more run every hour. In winter, of course, the schedules call business. The York Beach travel from Portsmouth may for less cars, as there is then less outside travel. be given as an example. In 1896, the Boston & Maine MAIL AND EXPRESS Railroad, without any competition and charging a fare of The company carries mail in a combination mail and 65 cents on a 35-minute trip, received $35,ooo, including the carriage of mails; the first year competition be-_ gan, the electric line earned $75,000 on a zs-cent fare and an hour-and-a­ half trip, took away the mail and beat the steam railroad on local express handling. Despite this, the earnings of the steam line were not seriously affected, demonstrating again how the electric railway creates traffic. Local pleasure riding is induced by giYing free concerts at certain parks along the line, while the handsome Casino at Cape Porpoise attracts both the tourist and natiYe. The Casino has a fine dancing pavilion as well as public and private restaurants. On Sundays sermons arc delivered there, followed by a sacred concert. Dur­ ing the summer the lessee of the Casino publishes a IG-page weekly pamphlet called the "Atlantic Shore STRINGING A LIVE TROLL~Y ::mE. WITH THE AID OF 0::\E OF THE DOUBLE-CAB Line Railway Messenger." This LOC0?>101!Vlo~ M'\D A STANDARD FREIGHT CAR paper contains illustrated descriptions of interesting points express car, receiving Y.i cent for each mile per lineal foot on the line news of the latest attractions, such as water of car. Thus~ a 12-ft. car returns 8 cents per mile traYeled. carnivals and concerts, the latest time-tables, local ad1•er• Closed pouch mail is carried at 3 cents a mile. On the tisements, etc. It is distributed gratis at all the hotels, Eastern division mail is weighed for distances over cottages, stores and other points in the territory of the 20 miles, as on steam railroads. On this the company company. is allowed about $.p per mile a year. All packages FARES AND SCHEDULES which consigncrs desire shipped on the next car are car­ In general, the fares are based on about 2 c<"nls a mile, ried as express at the local rates of the American Express except on the new line, 11·here they arc somewhat higher, Company. 19. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 19.

}'acsimi.Ie reproduction from :STRJ<;Jo;T RAIL""AY JOURNAL, Yol. XXX, No. 24, Decem ber H, 1907.

FREIGHT HANDLING income from this business on the Eastern division in The Atlantic Shore Line Railway may justly claim the 1906 was $32,000 and $35,152, ending June 30, 1907. honor of being the pioneer heavy electric freight line of The three electric locomotives principally used in this New England. As mentioned in the opening paragraphs o£ work were built by the Laconia Car Company after the this article, the present Eastern division was built in 1892 railway company's specifications. They are of the sloping by the Goodall Bros., manufacturers of Sanford and cab type and arc each equipped with four 50-hp G. E. Springvale, to haul freight for their mills to and from the motors, K 28 B controllers with contactors, G. E. air­ Boston & Maine Railroad. The success of this project led brakes, Consolidated electric heaters and Lintern sanders. to the "Cape Porpoise extension to secure the economics of They weigh 45,000 l_bs. The company has also three elec­ a deep-water connection. During the summer the coal used tric locomotives of the box-car type and has freight cars by the mills comes by way of Cape Porpoise, where the of standard size in addition to flat cars, etc. company has a barge-unloading equipment and coal pocket. GENERAL In the. winter coal cars are also hauled from the Boston & The gross earnings and operating expenses of the At­ Maine Railroad. About 125 tons a day is the average lantic Shore Line Railway for the twelve months ending amount shipped on this division. Lumber and products of June 30, 1907, were as follows: the local woolen and other mills constitute most of the re­ Gross earnings from operation ...... $295,152.09 maining freight business. The company is so well satisfied Operating expenses • ...... 160,972.52

with the financial aspect of this business that it is arranging Net earnings from operation ...... • ••• $rH,I79·57 for an independent steamboat line fr01n Boston, called the Accrued from sinking fund, ...... •...... J,I25.00 Eastern Maine Steamship Company, which could carry by Gross inco1ne .•...... • ...•••...... •• $I37,J04·S7 Deductions from income: way of Portsmouth and Cape Porpoise much of the freight Taxes ...... •...... • .. ~ $J.,6oo.oo Interest on funded debt...... 85J,990.oe now going via the Boston & Maine Railroad. Interest on notes...... S9·93 93,649·93 The company has found that its customers do not care Net inconte ...... • .....• $43,654-64 to pay on a ton-mile basis for hauling freight cars. All Deductions from net income: Burglary at Town House ...... 575-45 car charges are therefore made up of a lump sum basis. Surplus for year ...... , ...... •.. ... $4J,079.I9 The following is the present schedule of prices and the Surplus from previous year ...... •.... • . • 5,983.30

corresponding distances on the Eastern division: Total ~urplus June 30, 1907...... $49,o6z.49 The financing of the Atlantic Shore Line Railway CoJUpany is conducted by A. H. Bickmore & Company, New Y ark bankers, who are planning further improvements and extensions to the system. All the officers of the railway except the vice-president, who represents the Bickmore interests, are local men. They are as follows: Presi­ dent, E. M. Goodall, of Sanford; vice-president, I. L. Meloon, of New York; treasurer, L. B. Goodall, of Sanford; secretary and general at­ torney, Fred J. Allen, of Sanford. The management of the system is in the hands of 'vV. G. Meloon, who was for many years general man­ ager of what is now the Western division. The operating headquar. ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE HAULING A TRAIN OF STANDARD FREIGHT CARS OVER ters are at Portsmouth, which, as A MILL SIDING previously noted, is directly opposite SCHEDULE OF PRICES FOR HAULING BOSTON & MAINE CARS Kittery, the starting point of the system. OVER THE EASTERN DIVISION OF THE ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY ••• Cac Miles D. & M. Sta., ,,Springvale to Springvale .. ... •.. . , . . $2.00 ·5 Sanford ...... s.oo 2.5 Siding No. 1 ••••• • ••• 6 . 00 J. :\1oulton's ...... J.OO 4· Siding No. 3 ...... 7-00 7· Siding No. 4 ...... 8.00 9· Estes ...... 8.00 9·5 \Vhicher's ...... 8.oo IO.,' Old Falls ...... 10.00 JI.S Siding No. 10 ...... 10.00 12.$ \V. Kennebunk ...... I 1.00 14-5 Kennebunk Sta ...... 12.00 I].$ Brick Yard ...... IJ.OO 19. Town House ...... 14.00 20. Cape Porpoise •...... l$.00 2J. Kennebunkport ...... l s.oo 21.5 Owing to the completion of the York Beach line, or missing link, the freight business will be greatly extended and some of the foregoing fi gures will be revised. The

- 20. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 20.

(Newspa.per clipping cle:-:;cribing opening of J{ennebunk-Yor]i Beach line, on July 20, ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RY. - ATLANTIC SHORE RY. lH07. Set in samf' sty)(~ of nunctuation and size nf tyi>c as used in tlie original). ------Railway Mileage Operated TROLLEY LINE OPENED. UIOO-l!JO:l lf!Ol-l!JII,; HHHi UJ07-I.Ol7 LE!:ngth of railway line owned 1.570 34.150 71.130 87.627 York Beach-Kennebunk, Me, Branch Length of railway line leased 2.783 2.783 Makes Possible Trip from Bath, Length of sidings, switches, etc., owned .037 2.357 3.890 I 4.644 Me, to New York. Length of sidings, switches, etc., leased .llO .llO - - -- PORTSMOUTH, N H. July 20-The ex­ tension of the Atlantic Shore Line railway TOTAL, computed as single track 1.607 37.507 77.910 I 95.164 from York Beach to Kennebunk was today formally opened, making a continuous trolley ride from New York to Lewiston to run from Kittery to Eliot and and Bath. Me, possible. Operations Dover and from Dover to South Some most historic and picturesque country hitherto almost inaccessible is WITH completion of the new line Berwick, but the Dover to York opened up to the traveling public. Beach run was cut back to Rose­ from Kennebunk to York This morning a special car, containing mary Junction, connections being General Manager W. G. Me loon, Vice Pres Beach, the Atlantic Shore Line I. L. Meloon, Dr Bishop of York Harbor, made there with the Dover-Kittery Hazen Z. and Frank H . Ellis of York Beach Railway created two operating and r epresentatives of the press, left York cars. Beach for a trip over the new route. At divisions- the Eastern and the Ogunquit the party was joined by E. M. In Dover, Atlantic Shore Line Goodall. George Goodall. Louis Goodall, Western. The Eastern Division in­ Fred J. Allen. all of Sanford. and officials cluded routes of the former San­ tracks paralleled the rails of the of the company, J. W. Tobin of the firm Dover, Somersworth & Rochester of A. H. Bickmore & Co. of New York, who ford & Cape Porpoise Railway and own the road, and Mrs Tobin. Mr Tobin Street Railway in Franklin Square had as guests Mr and Mrs Robert Reed of the Mousam River Riailroad, as of Ottawa. Can. F. P. Roberts of Lee, Mass, well as Town House-Biddeford and but there was no physical connec­ and N. P. M. Jacobs of Sparhawk Hall, Ogunquit. Town House-Kennebunkport lines, tion between the two systems. At different• points along the route the party was increased by persons who had and the Western Division consisted been instrumental in securing the con­ of the York Beach-Kennebunkport struction of the road. All along the trip Freight and Express lhe first car and its occupants received au route and the former Portsmouth, ovation, flags and bunting were displayed at many houses, and the occupants stood Dover & York lines. outside and waved flags and handkerchiefs THE Atlantic Shore Line Railway enthusiastically as the car passed through The main line of the system was the towns of Wells and Kennebunk. from Kittery to Biddeford, over in taking over the freight busi­ The new road from York Beach to the ness of its predecessor Sanford & junction of the old line at Kennebunk is which 30-minute service was given 16 1:2 miles long, and the schedule for a Cape Porpoise Railway, expanded trip, including all stops, is one hour. As during the summer months and soon as the roadbed is ballasted, it is hourly service in the fall, winter it considerably and also developed expected this will be reduced. an extensive express service, using It is the intention of the company to do and spring. Frequently on busy a general freight as well as passenger Saturdays, Sundays and holidays special express cars and combina­ business, as many of the towns reached tion passenger-baggage cars built by the system are removed from the steam during summer months, the line road. for this purpose. The passenger schedule will begin to­ was split at York Beach, with t.:ars morrow, cars making trips on an hourly Actually, the express business schedule. By the opening of this new from Biddeford and Kittery turn­ connecting link, the Atlantic Shore Line ing back there after transferring· was run by the Atlantic Express now has 100 miles of tracks. through passengers. Company which paid the railway Other through service operated a fee for the use of the latter's during the summer extended from equipment and facilities. The rail­ Kittery to Eliot and Dover; from way post office car between Kittery Dover to South Berwick; from and York continued in operation, Dover to York Beach over the "Air with the regular passenger cars Line"; from Sanford and Spring­ carrying the maH on other parts vale to Cape Porpoise and from of the system. Town House to Kenn2bunkport. To handle the increased carload During fall winter and spring, freight business, particularly on when riding was light, operations the Springvale-Sanford-Cape For­ on the Western Division changed pose line, the Atlantic Shore Line .scmewhat. Through cars continued in 1906 bought three powerful 22-

8 9 __...... -:z: ~ .... Cl .... ~ - -a: C!> a: r:a :z: Cl = - c::> c::> .:::i a: c:D - .... - c::i c::> t- ~ t- c::> ... -...... t- - -co ~ Cl .... ~ -= -a: ~ ~ ... r:a Ill· a: -:!! Q ~ - 0 -a:: 0 a.. = 0 oz c::i i= ~ :z: .::i- Cl:)

Ticket and transfer reproductions. 21. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 21. ton steeple cab electric locomo­ tives, built by the Laconia Car Company, to replace the older box motors used prior to that time. One of these locomotives was later rebuilt to an express car. In expanding this freight and express business, it was also pro­ posed to operate an independent steamship line, called the Eastern Maine Steamship Company, which was to carry, by way of Ports­ mouth and Cape Porpoise, much of the freight then being shipped over the Boston & Maine Railroad. However, this ambitious plan never rnaterialized. Financial and Corporate

ALTHOUGH the original capi- -[Photo from Collection of Howard T. Moulton talization of the A t 1 a n t i c FREIGHT MOTOR NO. 102 in a winter setting, hauling thr.ee flat cars Shore Line in 1900 was only of the Boston & Maine Railroad through the street in Kennebunk. $30,000, all in common stock, an additional $1,970,000 in common burden for the Atlantic Shore Line was consolidated with the Atlantic had been issued, together with -one which the company was Shore Line in 1906, the New York $1,000,000 it?- preferred shares, by scarcely able to carry. syndicate furnished the money to 1909. Until 1904, control of the Atlan­ finance the merger and also to The funded debt increased tic Shore Line remained in the build the Kennebunk-York Beach from nothing in 1903 to $3,265,000 hands of the Goodalls and their connection. in 1909, for in addition to its own associates, but with the sale of Stock control of the road re­ bonds (first mortgage, consoli­ two bond issues and more than turned to Maine in 1910 when a dated, refunding a n d second $1,000,000 in stock in that year to group composed of Ernest W. mortgage issues), the railway was the A. H. Bickmore banklng house Goodall, George E. Goodall, Louis responsible for the bonded in­ in New York, outside interests B. Goodall, Frederick J. Allen, debtedness of its predecessors, entered the scene. The Bickmore Charles S. Cook and Arthur S. producing total interest payments firm was also interested in the Bosworth, purchased more than of nearly $75,000 per year. It all Portsmouth, Dover & York Street $1,000,000 in common shares from added up to a heavy financial Railway, and when that company the Bickmore house.

-[Photo from Collection of Howard T. Moulton

EXPRESS CARS 101 and 105 of the Atlantic Shore on turnout near Kennebunk railroad station. No. 101 was re­ built from a steeple-cab loco­ motive of same number. 22. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 22.

(Reprod uction of a new spaper clipping of Financial Diffi culties December 1, 1910) Ca rhouses a nd Shops Style and punctuation of original followed. BECAUSE the year-round resi- THE consolidation of the lines dent population of the area making up the Atlantic Shore served by the Atlantic Shore Line ATLANTIC LINE Line placed in the company's was only about 68,000, the railway hands several small frame car­ was largely dependent upon the BRINGS 5115,000 houses which were retained be­ earnings derived from the patron­ cause their convenient locations age of the summer vacationers. Maine Railroad Sold eliminated unnecessary mileage. The property as a whole was a These were located at Kittery peculiar one and for many reasons to Reorganizers. Point, York Beach and Sanford. difficult to- operate. None of the Another small wooden carhouse cities and towns which it con­ Falling Behind at the Rate was built at Ogunquit by the com­ nected were large enough to sup­ of $5 0,000 a Year. pany. Brick carhouses, ·each with port a profitable local system a capacity of 20 cars, were located and the interchange of traffic ALFRED, Me, Dec. 1-The assets of the at South Berwick Junction and Atlantic Shore Line Rallway, comprising between the communities them­ about 100 miles of track, was sold at Town House. selves was not great. The fact that public auction at the court house this Regular repairs for the ·Eastern the road did not enter directly afternoon by John F. A. Merr!ll of Port­ land, special master appointed by a decree Division and all heavy repair work into Portsmouth, one of the prin­ of sale made Oct 24, 1910, in the U S for the entire system were done cipal cities in its territory, also circuit court. The purchaser was Ernest F. Eddy of at Town House, while repairs for lessened the Atlantic Shore Line's Portland, representing the reorganization the Western Division were made earning capacity. In short, the committee of the holders of the outstand­ at Kittery Point and South Ber­ ing $1,191,500 four percent consolidation three months' summer season, bonds of April 1, 1906, and the price bid wick. There were also facilities for when travel was hea:vy, was ex­ $115,000. The reorganization committee light running repairs at the three­ pected to carry the company along comprises Ex-Gov John F . Hill of Augusta, Mr. Eddy and Frederick 0 . Conant of track Ogunquit carhouse. for the rest of the year. Portland, E. Burton Hart, Albert H. Bick­ Early on the morning of Feb. 7, more and Francis Henderson of New York Added to the low revenues dur­ city, James H . Caldwell of Troy, N Y, and 1909, a fire was discovered in the ing the fall, winter and spring, William Binney of Providence. office building adjoining the Town The decree of sale was the result of which were about one-fourth of the foreclosure proceedings of the Knicker­ House barn by Eugene Cloutier, the income during the summer, bocker trust company of New York, trustee of the mortgage securing the 4 percent night foreman, and Lester Jack­ were the extremely high mainte­ bonds, and the sale was subject to the son , a mechanic, who were working lien of the $1,515,000 underlying bonds of nance costs in those seasons, ne­ the Atlantic Shore l!ne and of the follow­ under a car. They immediately cessitated by snow removal, track, ing electric railroad properties taken over by the road previous to April, 1906 : Ports­ went to the nearest telephone to overhead and trestle repairs and mouth, Dover & York, which Includes the give an alarm but found it out of Portsmouth, Kittery & York, Sanford & other charges; bond interest and Cape Porpoise and Mousam River railway. order. taxes. The authorized bond Issue of the Atlantic Shore line is $3 ,000,000 and the authorized In the two hours that elapsed During the banner year of 1907 , stock Is $3,000,000. The stock and $330,000 between the discovery of the fire second mortgage bonds are wiped out. nearly seven million passengers Fred J . Allen, a ttorney for the Atlantic and the arrival of the engine com­ Shore line, said: "The reason for the fore­ pany from Kennebunkport, the were carried, with a total net closure and sale is that at no time since profit of about $43,000; but in the consolidation of the Atlantic Shore two men managed to save anum­ line, Sanfor d & Ca pe Porpoise a nd Ports­ 1908, only $2,700 was realized, and mouth, Dover & York electric railroads In ber of cars, but when the fire de­ in 1909, an operating loss of $28,- 1906 have the properties earned their fixed partment finally arrived it was charges." 000 , plus certain profit and loss Owing to the condition of the Ports­ able to do little except prevent mouth, Dover & York a nd of the proper­ adjustments representing charges t ies acquired in 1906, the r oad has been sparks from igniting neighboring obliged to spend large amounts in repairs buildings because of lack of water which should have been made a nd improvements. a nd the property has prev:ously, produced a total deficit f a iled t o earn its inter est char ges by about pressure. The result was that the $50,000 a year. 1 of $34,000. In spite of fares being T he bondh older s mor e than a year ago general offices, the 90 x 180 ft. increased from 5 to 6 cents per cam e to t he con clusion that the only p rac­ carhouse, storehouse, rotary sta­ tical solution was t o make a substantial zone in 1909, the deficit grew even scaling of the bonds and to accomplish tion, 7 open cars, one closed car this by foreclosing on t h e mortgage and larger in 1910 ; the railway was selling t h e p rop erties. More than 90 p er­ and a snow plow were destroyed, unable to meet its bond in terest; cen t of the bondh olders have assented to a loss to the company of well over t he plan of reorganization. a reorganization committee was T h e Atla n t ic shor e line is practically a $50,000. Only the brick walls of S a nford in stitution. The officers are formed and the Knickerbocker George B. Gooda ll of Sanford pres, Arthur the carhouse remained standing. Trust Company of New York, act­ S. Bosworth of Portland vice pres, Louis The 7 open cars destroyed were B. Goodall of Sanford treas, S. T . Dow of ing as trustee for the holders of Sanford attorney, G . B. Goodall, L. B . all in storage for the winter, hav­ Goodall, Ernest M. Goodall and Fred J. the consolidated bonds of April 1, Allen of Sanford, A. S . Bosworth, George ing been stripped of motors and 1906. instituted foreclosure pro­ S. Hobbs, Frederick 0 . Conan t and C. S. controllers and could not have ceedings. ICoo~ ~f~o~~!l,nd a n~ ~ J3· Kl r~ -~rectors. been moved except by towing. The 23. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 23. only power available at the time of the fire was from a storage battery installation at Old Falls and this furnished only enough electricity to move one car at a time. Work of rebuilding Town House barn began shortly after the fire, but was soon suspended because of the decision of the company to erect a new carhouse in Kenne­ bunk. Later, it was decided that the Town House barn would be re­ built after all, and work resumed in the spring of 1910. The building was completed in 1911. Incidentally, the cause ·of the fire was never determined officially, but at the time many employes and local residents were of the opinion that the fire was of incendiary origin. AFTER THE FIRE at Town House carbarn in 1910.

NEW BARN at Town House from north side. INTERIOR VIEW of the Kittery Point barn.

Rolling Stock

WHEN the Atlantic Shore Line opened its route from Town House to Kennebunkport on July 4, 1900, the equipment for the line was leased from the Sanford & Cape Porpoise Railway, but the following year title to one open and one c1osed car was transferred to the Atlantic Shore Line Railway. In 1903, the Sanford & Cape Por­ poise Railway acquired a double truck combination car from the Laconia Car Company. The follow­ ing year-with construction of its Town House-Biddef-ord line under way-the Atlantic Shore purchased two double truck closed cars, also from Laconia. Atlantic Shore Line INTERIOR VIEW of the car repair shops in the new Town House car numbers were correlated with carbarn. -Photos from the Collection of Howard T. Moulton. Sanford & Cape P-orpoise Railway

J 24. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 24. cars, as the two properties were operated as one even 1before the consolidation in 1904. With absorption of the Ports­ mouth, Dover & York Street Rail­ way in February, 1906, the number­ ing system -of that company was adopted by the Atlantic Shore Line whiclt renumbered all of its own and the Sanford & Cape Porpoise equipment into the new scheme. Why this was done is not on record but it is supposed that the reason was that the Portsmouth, Dover & York had so many more cars than ~-==:::=::;:u~~; __ , ;;;;;-s;~~~~~~~~ ;2£!£::~~~"'!!!!!!-• ""'-" . ----- did the Atlantic Shore Line at the time. Early in 1906, three steeple-cab locomotives were purchased. In 1907, with completion of the York Beach-Kennebunk route, four cars of double truck semi-convertible design, along with two double truck semi-convertible combination type and two 15-bench double truck open cars, were delivered from the J. G. Brill plant in Philadelphia. Also, three express cars built by Laconia were acquired that year. To replace the seven open cars lost ' in the Town House fire, six 14-bench double truck open car bodies were purchased from the Virginia Railway & Power Com­ pany's Norfolk Division where they had been used as trailers during the Jamestown Exposition of 1907. At the Ogunquit carhouse, which was being used as the main repair shop pending the rebuilding of the Town House carbarn, these open cars were fitted with motor trucks, controllers, compressors and other electrical equipment. The trucks came from cars destroyed in the fire. - ~-. """ -~ In 1909, three new Brill double truck semi-convertibles were added to the roster, and 14 new Standard type C-50 trucks and 28 Westing­ BUILDER'S PHOTOS-Pictures of the three types of cars built house 307 interpole motors were by the J. G. Brill Company in Philadelphia in 1907 are f rom the purchased for the new semi-con­ official builder's files. Cars are mounted on Brill trucks for photo vertible cars and to replace some of purposes; they were equipped with Standard C-50 trucks upon the older trucks and motors. arrival in Maine. -From the Collection of Henry B. Brainerd. This new equipment eliminated much of the shifting of trucks and controls from open cars to closed All cars of the Atlantic Shore the letterboard just below the r

51 14-bench open Brill 1907 Laconia 2-WH101D I K-10 These 6 cars were originally trailers 53 14-bench open Brill 1907 Laconia. 2-WH101D K-10 used by Virgina RaHway & Power 55 14-bench open Brill 1907 Laconia 2-WH101D K-10 Company at Norfolk during James- town Exposition of 1'907. They were 57 I 14-bench open Brill 1907 Standard C-50 2-GE202 K-10 bou·ght by the Atlantic Shore Line 59 14-bench open Brill 1907 Standard C-50 2-WH101D K -10 In 1909 to replace cars lost in the T own House fire, a nd were equilpped 61 I 14-bench open Brill 1907 Laconia. 2-WH101D K-10 for electric operation at Ogunquit. Roster of Closed Passenger Cars Car Y ear No. Type of Car Builder--- --Built ---Trucks Motors--- Controls---- Formerly I~ --2 20-ft. closed Briggs 1897 P eckham 8B 2-WH12A K -10 PK&Y I 4 20-ft. C'losed Brigg\s 1897 Peckham 8B 2-WH1'2A K-10 l'K&Y !Rebuilt to line car 6 20-ft. closed Briggs 1897 J Peckham 8B 2-WH1'2A K-·10 PK&Y 12 Wrecked in accident Kittery Point 8 V A C A N T 10 20-ft closed Jackson & Sharp 1'89·9 Peckham9A 2-WH49 K-10 S&OP 14 I I 12 20-ft 'Closed Jackson & Sharp 1899 P eckham 9A 2-WH49 K-·10 I S&OP 12 14 30-ft. closed Wason 1900 Peckham 14A 4-WH49 K - 1!2 PK&Y Destroyed in Town House !ire 16 30-ft. closed St. Louis Peckha.m 14B3 4-WH49 K - 28B PK&Y 18 25-ft. closed Laconia 1902 Laconia 9B1 4-WH68 K-6 PD&Y 20 25-ft. closed Laconia 1·902 L aconia ·9B 1 4-WH1>8 K:-6 PD&Y 22 25-ft. closed Laconia 1902 Laconia 9B1 4-WHI>8 K-6 PID&Y 24 25-f't. closed Laconia. 1902 Laconia 9B1 4-WH68 K-6 l'D&Y 26 28-ft. closed Laconia 1904 I Laconia 9B1 4-WH68 K-28B PD&Y - - - :18 V A C A N T 30 V A C A N T

32 30-ft. combination Jackson & Sharp 1899 Brili27G 2-GE70 I M:C- 6 S&CP 6 34 30-ft. combination Jackson & Sharp 18·99 BriU 27G 2-GE70 'M:C- 6 S&JOP 8 I 36 30-ft. combination Jackson & Sha~p 1899 Brill '27G 2-GE70 'M ;.0-6 S&CP 10 38 3.>-ft. combination Laconia 1902 Standard C-50 4-WH307 K-28D Originally No. 2, later No. 20 40 35 -ft. closed Laconia 1903 Standard C-50 4-WH307 K-28D 4c2 35 -ft. closed Laconia 1903 Standard C - 50 4-WH307 K-28D 44 30'8'' semi-convertible Brill 1907 standard C-50 4-WH10•1D K-2·8J 46 30'8" semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K-28J 48 30'8" semi-convertible Brl!l 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K-2•8J 50 30'8" semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH!OlD K-28J ~2 30'8" semi-conv. combination Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K -28J 54 30'8" semi-conv. comlbination Brill 1•907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K-28J Destr o yed by fire at Cape Porpoise 56 30'8" semi- convertible Brl!l 1909 Standard C-50 4-WH!QolD K-28 ~8 30'8" semi- converti·ble Brl!l 1909 Standard C-50 4-Wli!OlD K-28 60 30'8" semi-conver.tlble Wason 1909 Standard C-50 4-WH307 K J28J 62 30'8" semi-convertible Brill 1910 Standard C-50 4- GE202 K-2·8J 64 30'8" semi- convertible Wason 1911 Standard C-50 4-GE202 K-28J 66 30'8" semi- converttble Wason 19 11 Standard C-50 4-GE202 iK-2·8J 68 · 25-f't. semi-convertible Wason 1914 Standard 0-50 4-GE200C K-28D 70 •25-ft. semi-convertible Wason 1914 :Standard 0-50 4-GE200C K-28D 26. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 26. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY ·- ATLANTIC SHORE RAILWAY

Roster of Service, Freight and Express Cars Equipment Not~s

Car Yea.r I No. 101 was rebuilt to express No. Type of Car . Built Motors J / Formerly Con~rols car in 1908. · 97 Line car I " .... I~ Portland 2-WH49 K-10 I 98 Motor flat ASLRy. Peckham 14A 2-WH49 K - 12 OTHER EQUIPMENT includeJ 99 Freight motor 1899 Peckham 14A 4-WH38B K-14 S&QP 1 12 single truck S·ide dump trail­ 99 Motor flat ASRy. 1915 P eckh a m 14A ' ers; one ferryboat "Kittery"; 100 Locomotive Laconia 1906 Laconia MCB 4-GE80 K-28F one steamer 14Alice Howard": 101 Locomotive Laconia 1906 Laconia MCB 4-GE80 K-28F also there were additional cars 102 Locomotive Laconia 1906 Laconia MCB 4-GE80 K -28F known to be on the property, but. 103 Rotary substation Laconia which are not listed on an.y avail­ 104 40-ft. express motor Laconia 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K -28D a ble r oster ·of equipment. 105 42-ft. express motor Laconia 1906 Standai·d C-50 4-WH307 K-28D 106 40 -ft. express motor Laconia 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K -28D Taunton Snow Plow "A" was 107 40 -ft. express motor Laconia 1907 Standard C-50 4-WH101D K-28D built for the Sanford & Cape Por­ 108 25-ft. mail car Laconia 1904 Standard C-50 4-GE70 K-28D PD&Y poise Railway in 1899 ; in 1912 it 32 Gondola dump trailer Portland RR MCB S&CP was renumbered "F " and sent to 34 Gondola dump trailer Portland RR MCB S&CP the Western Division in exchange 36 Gondola dump trailer Laconia MCB for Smith & Wallace plow "F'' 38 Gondola dump trailer Laconia MCB which in turn was renumbered 40 Gondola dump trailer MCB "A." Taunton Plow "F" w~ 42 Gondola dump trailer MCB stationed at South Berwick from 1912 to 1922, being used as a Roster of Snow Plows work car and freight motor dur­ ing the summer months. It wa~ Car Year No. Type of Car Builder Built Trucks Motors Controls Formerly moved to Kittery Point in 1923 a nd later scrapped. Smith & Wal­ A Single truck Wason 1908 Wason 2-WH101D K-10 lace Plow "A" was at Sanford A Double truck Taunton 1899 Taunton 4-WH101D K -12 S&CP until 1934 when it was scrapped. B Double truck 1908 Wason K - 10 Wason 2-WH101D One plow (number unknown) Single truck Wason 1908 Wason 2-WH101D K - 10 c was damaged in the Town House Single truck Taunton 1899 Taunton 2-WH49 K-10 PK&Y D fire, but was later rebuilt. E Single truck Wason 1906 Wason 2-GE202 I K-10 F Double truck Smith & Wallace Smith & Wallace 4-WH101D K-28D PD&Y 0 Single truck Wason 1906 Wason 2-WH101D K-10 ROLLING STOCK RETURNED IN 1917

-"" to Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway )'·· All cars formerly belonging to PORTSMOUTH, KITTERY & YORK STREETRAILWAYandPORTS­ MOUTH, DOVER & YORK STREET RAILWAY­ except those destroyed in the Town Hous'e fire or wrecked in accidents.- were returned to the PORTS­ MOUTH, DOVER & YORK STREET RAILWAY in 1917 when that system was separated from the ATLANTIC SHORE RAILWAY. These were: Open cars I, 3, 9, II, I3, IS, I7, I9, 2 1, 23, 25, 27, 29, 3I, 33, 35, 37 and 39; closed cars 2 , I 6, IB, 20, 22, 24 and 26; line car 4 , mail car I08 NO. I02 as it was originally built. When and three snow plows. Other cars conveyed by the locomotive I OI was rebuilt to an express Atlantic Shore to the Portsmouth, Dover & . York to car, its cab was added to No. I02. ·-Photo replace original equipment lost by fire or accident from the collection of Howard T. Moulton. were combination 36, semi-convertible 58 and motor flat 98. THE LAST TWO CARS built for ' the Atlantic Shore Railway we~e ~~J__,__ Nos. 68 and 70 by Wason in I9I4. -~~~1 These were only 25-foot cars and were equipped with short wheelbase Standard 0-50 trucks. No. 68 rests on shop trucks just prior to being loaded on a flat car for shipment to Maine. The two cars were intended for use on the Town House - Cape Porpoise and Town House- Kenne­ bunkport runs. -Photo from Wason Company files of the Conn. Valley Chapter, N.R.H.S. ,.

27. ATLANTIC SHOR~ LINE RAILWAY Page 27. DISTANCES For Computing Car Mileages ATLAN-TIC SHORE RAILWAY THE reorganized ATLANTIC and many ties were laid at various Indicating Sidings, Turnouts, Carhouses SHORE RAILWAY, incorpor­ points on the system. Practically every car on the line From ated by the new owners on Jan. 1, Ferry Landing, Kittery, to 1911, with essentially the same was put through the Town House MILES management as before, attemped shops for overhauling and paint­ New .Mareh Street .50 Kittery Post Office 1.00 to inaugurate operating economies ing. Schedules were speeded up, Emery's turnout 2.00 Champernowne turnout 2.50 and at the same time make im­ also, but try as it might, the rail­ Kittery Carhouse 3.75 provements to the service which way just couldn't make money. Sea Point turnout 5.00 Long Tre$tle · ~rnput 5.68 would draw more patronage. The The heavy funded debt and high Hazen's tu{'nuut 8.00 Country Club turnout 8.95 old route of the former Ports­ operating costs were still present, York Corner Junction 10.00 mouth, Kittery & York Street and in addition, automobile com­ York Village turnout 10.30 Norton's turnout 11.30 Railway was practically rebuilt to petition was beginning to become Cftlod win's . turnout . 12.06 eliminate many sharp curves in Long Beach turnout 13.01 a factor in declining revenues. Sea Cottage turnout 13.80 Kittery and York; several trestles In its attempt to pick up a few Breaker's turnout 14.55 York Beach Carhouse 14.80 were replaced and much new rail dollars here and there, the com­ York Beach 15.40 pany operated excursions from From K!ttery Junction 1.0~ Sanford and Biddeford to the 2.90 Sanford CASRy office), to Staple's turnout Portsmouth Navy Yard, and once Kennard's Corner 4.56 Hotel Sanford .12 Eliot gravel pit • 5.02 No. 1 siding .57 when a whale washed up on the Marshwood turnout 5.85 No. 2 siding !Gravel Pit) 2.21 Rosemary Junction 6.90 Willard's siding 3.10 shore between York Harbor and South Berwick Junction 9.50 Lion Hill 3. 70 11.34 Kittery Point, special cars were Duck F arm turnout No. 3 turnout 4.42 12.50 Franklin Square, DOVER Stebb!n's siding 6.04 provided for those who wished to No. 4 turnout. 6.44 From Whicher' s s!ding 7.56 view the monster of the sea. An­ South Berwick Junction, to Old Falls turnout 8.46 other time, when a forest fire was No. 10 turnout 9.52 Parson's siding 2.95 Thing's turnout 9.95 raging in the Ogunquit woods, the South Berwick (Salmon Falls bridge) 4.62 West Kennebunk 11.89 Alewi¥e Road siding 12.89 railway ran cars thl'OUgh the fire From· Corner Fletcher and Storer Streets 13.74 zone as long as possible, discon­ Rosemary Junction, Eliot; to Water 'Street turnout 14.14 Sleeper's turnout 14.45 tinuing service only when flames Beach Ridge turnout 5.00 Kennebunk Station 15.02 York Corner Junction 7.20 were within a hundred feet of the Sanford-Cape Porpoise 20.89 From right-of-way. The last car over York Beach, to • Biddeford-York Beach 28.29 the line was somewhat · scorched Cape Neddick Road .81 Ferry Landing-York Beach 15.40 by the heat and some of the car's Summ:t turnout 1.90 Bald Head turnout 3.28 Ferry L,anding-So. Berwick 14.12 passengers were frightened almost Pfne Hill· turnout 4.67 out qf their wits, but noboby was Ogunquit Waiting Room 5.88 Dover-·Biddeford 46.49 Ogunquit Carhouse 6.20 hurt. Moody's turnout 7.30 Dover-Sanford Webhannet tu·rnout 8.42 48.38 In 1914, the Cape Porpoise Gravel Pit- spur (Wells! 10.16 Ferry~Landing- Sanford 45.48 Wells Station (Moulton's Store! 11.11 trestle was abandoned, the haul- Dodge's turnout 11.37 Eims turnout 12.55 Mousam Water Co. siding 14.14 Wat-er Street turnout 16.04 Sleeper'S turnout 16.35 Kennebunk Station 16.92 From Kennebunk Station, to Brick Yard turnout 1.39 Town House 2.87 Coal Pocket 2.97 Wood's s iding 4.72 Pinkham's Store 5.06 Stone Haven 5.39 Cape Porpoise Pier 5.87 From Town House Junction, to Jeffery's Spur 1.30 Kennebunkport 1.50 Harris s iding 1.83 Proctor Roa d turnout 4.80 BIDDEFORD !C ity Square! 3.'>0 From Springvale, to B&M RR, Springvale .65 Moulton's s iding 2.08 · --I Proto from Collection of Howard T. Moulton. Mill Square· 2.30 SANFORD I ASRy office) 2.41 ATLANTIC SHORE RAILWAY No. 58, in the Ogunquit woods. 28. TRANSPORTAT'ION Vol. 4, Page 28. ing of coal from Cape Porpoise to Sanford having been discontinued, and the salvaged rails were laid ATLANTIC on a new location around the SHORE shore of Cape Porpoise to the RAILWAY Casino. A year or so later, on a Car No. 60 at Labor Day night, the Casino was Hog Point, South destroyed by fire. Berwick. In September, 1915, a physical connection was effected with the Biddeford & Saco Railroad at -I Photo from Birch and Alfred Streets in Bidde­ Collection of ford to permit Atlantic Shore ex­ Howard T. Moulton. press motors to reach the Portland Railroad's freight shed on Alfred Street and in 1916, the Atlantic Shore Railway co-operated with the Portland Railroad and the 30th of that year, the Atlantic G. Meloon, general manager of Lewiston, Augusta & Waterville Shore Railway defaulted on the the Atlantic Shore Line from 1906 Street Railway in inaugurating a payment of interest on an issue of to 1908 and of the Portsmouth, unified freight service which car­ bonds and shortly thereafter, the Kittery & York and the Ports­ ried many tons of merchandise Consolidated Coal Company, a mouth, Do~er & York from 1897 from the New Hampshire state creditor, filed a petition asking to 1906, was appointed receiver line to the Androscoggin and that a receiver be appointed for of the Portsmouth, Dover & York Kennebec valleys. the railway. The directors of the lines which were "divorced" from New rolling stock purchased by Atlantic Shore requested to be the rest of the Atlantic Shore the Atlantic Shore Railway in­ permitted to join in the suit and system.• cluded two double truck semi­ on November 1st. Frederick 0. The Atlantic •shore returned to convertibles from Wason in 1911 Conant and Constant Southworth, the PD&Y all of the rolling stock and two double truck lightweight president and treasurer, respec­ owned by the latter prior to its . arch roof semi-convertibles in tively of the railway company, consolidation with the Atlantic 1914, also from Wason. These last were named as receivers. Shore Line in 1906, plus several two cars, Nos. 68 and 70, were in­ Late in 1916, the receivers noti­ other cars to replace PD&Y equip­ tended primarily for use on the fied the bondholders of the Ports­ ment destroyed in the Town House Town House-Cape Porpoise and mouth, Dover & York Street Rail­ fire or wrecked in accidents. In Town House-Kennebunkport lines, way that the Atlantic Shore would all, 18 open cars, seven closed cars, but occasionally found their way be unable to redeem the bonds of one semi-convertible, one combi­ to other parts of the system. the Portsmouth, Kittery & York nation passenger-baggage car, one Street Railway which matured on mail car, two service cars and Receivership March 1, 1917, nor would it be three snow plows were turned over able to meet the interest payment to the PD&Y. QN Oct. 1, 1915, with a deficit on the PD&Y bonds due June 1st. Shortly after becoming receiver, of $122,000 accrued to June Consequently, on May 1st, Willis Meloon disposed of the "Kittery" and purchased a motor launch to replace the larger vessel. Riding had decreased to such an extent that even the "Alice Howard" was too large for the ferry service be­ twyen Portsmouth and Badger's Island, although she was retained for periods of heavy traffic in the early morning and late afternoon when the workers at the Ports­ mouth Navy Yard were on their way to or from Kittery. With the construction of the new Memorial Bridge across the Piscataqua River in 1919-20, the Portsmouth, Dover & York pro­ -1 Photo from Wason Co. files, Conn. Valley Chapter, N.R.H.S.- Division E.R.A. posed to lay rail across the span CAR NO. 64 at Wason plant in 1911, being readied for shipment to to provide a direct connection into Maine. Car was equipped with Standard C-50 trucks on delivery. Portsmouth and abolish the in- 29. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 29.

GENERAL MANAGERS ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY YORK UTILITIES COMPANY

1900-1904 Ivan L. Meloon 1905-1906 George A. Burch 19Q6-1908 Willis G. Meloon 1908-1910 E. B. Kirk 1910-1918 Lee H. McCray 1918-1924 Sterling T. Dow 1924-1946 Wm. M. B. Lord 1946- Albert G. Moineau

convenienc·e of the ferry, but for some reason-probably inabilHy of the railway to finance it - the CAR NO. 16 IN SANFORD WOODS on Sanford-Cape Porpoise extensLon was never made. route in the early days. It later became No. 42. The body remained DuDing the latter part of 1922, in the abandoned Town House barn until the late 1930s when it bondholders of the Portland, Dover was carted off piecemeal for firewood. -Howard Moulton Photo. & York sig91ified their intention of abandoning the road as soon .as permission of the court could be sale. The purchaser was a com­ Railway; E. A. Pierce, superintend­ secured in order that they might mittee of bondholders who subse­ ent of the Bellows Falls & Saxton's recove;.· part of their investment quently directed the receiver to River Railway, Zelig Van Loan and from the sale of the property as dismantle the pr,operty. Dr. Samuel Nason organized the junk. All but 12 miles of track-from Portsmouth, Kittery & Eliot Street Since going into receivership, the Kennard's Corner, Eliot, to· Sea Railway to take over the Kennard's - _ 1'ailway had operated at a large Point, Kittery, was torn up and sold Corner-Sea Point trackage and re­ deficit each year, and with $30,000 for scrap in 1924; many of the vive operation, but local support in receiver's certificates outstand­ cars were junked and all service­ was not forthcoming. ing, it was .apparent that the only able rol1ing stock at South Berwick In 1925, the road was completely choice was abandJonment of the carhouse was moved to the barn at dJismantled. By 1926, everything railway system. Kittery Point. Later that year, saleable was disposed of, the bond­ W. W. Sargent, president of the holders were paLd off and the re­ • • • Fitchburg & Leominster Street ceiver was discharged. }1-..ACED with the l:oss of street railway service, citizens of York, Kittery and other communitries served by the Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway began an un­ suc-cessful battle to save t'he cars. Public subscriptions were solic­ ited to raise funds to purchase the railway's bonds and redeem other obligattons of the railway, but even with $100,000 pledged it was not enough. The bonded debt alone of the Portsmouth, Dover & York wrus $700,000. On Saturday, March 17, 1923, by order of the Federal Circuit Court at Portland, the Portsmouth, Dover & York Street Railway suspended operations. On June 30th, continued attempts to reorganize and rehabil­ itate the railway having failed, the YORK BEACH TROLLEY STATION and Post Office; No. 62 in property was sold at a foreclosure the background.-From post card. in collection of 0. R. Cummings. 30. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 30. YOllK UTILITIES COMPANY Roster of Electric Railway Equipment, 1923-1947

Passenger Cars Number Type I Builder I Year I Trucks Motors Control I Remarks 38 35-ft. combination car Lacon;.a 1902 Standard C-50 4-WH307 K-280 40 35-ft. closed car Laconia 1903 Standard C-50 4-W H307 K - 280 42 35-ft. closed car Laconia 1903 Standard C-50 4-WH307 K - 280 44 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WHlOl D K -28J Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 46 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4- WHlOlD K-28J Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 4S 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C -50 4- WHlOl D K - 28J Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 50 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WHlOlD K - 28J Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 51 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Standard C-50 2- WHl OlD K-10 52 30 -ft. 8-in. semi-conv. combine Brill 1907 Standard C-50 4-WHlOlD K-28J 53 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Laconia 2-W H lOl D K -10 Rebuilt to one-man car (Note A) 55 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Laconia 2-W HlOl D K - 10 56 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Brill 1909 Standard C-50 4-WHlOl D K-28 Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 57 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Standard C-50 2- GE202 K - 10 59 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Standard C- 50 2-WHl Ol D K -10 60 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Wason 1909 Standard C-50 4- WH307 K - 28J Rebuilt to one- man car in 1923 61 14-bench open car Brill 1907 Laconia 2- WH lOl D K-10 Rebu ilt to one-man car (Note A) 62 30-ft. 8-in. semi- convertible Brill 1910 Standard C- 50 4-G E202 K-28J Rebuilt to one-man car in 1923 64 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Wason 1911 Stand!>rd ~-50 4-G E202 K - 2SJ Rebu ilt to one-man car in 1923 66 30-ft. 8-in. semi-convertible Wason 1911 Standard 'c-50 4-GE202 K -28J Rebu ilt to one-man car in 1923 6S 25-ft. semi-convertible Wason 1914 Standard 0 - 50 4-G E200C K-28D 70 25 - ft. semi-convertible Wason 1914 Standard 0 -50 4-GE200C K -280 72 Birney Safety car A1nerican 1918 Brill 79E 2- G E 25S K-63 Purch ased from Laconia St. Ry. 1925 74 Birney Safety car American 191S Brill 79E 2-GE258 K - 63 P u rch ased from Laconia St. Ry. 1925 76 Birney Safety car Wason 1920 Brill 79E 2-GE258 K - 63 Purch ased from Laconia St. Ry. 1925 7S Birney Safety car Wason 1920 Brill 79E 2-G E258 K-63 . P u rch ased from Laconia St. Ry. 1925 so Birney Safety car American 1919 Brill 78M 2-GE258 K - 10 F rom Denver & So. Platte Ry. 1927 82 Birney Safety car American 1919 Brill 78M 2-GE258 K -10 From Denver & So. P latte Ry. 1927 84 Birney Safety car Wason 1918 Brill 79E 2-GE258 Kc63 From Middlesex & Boston St. Ry. 1928 86 Birney Safety car Wason 1918 Brill 79E 2- GE258 K-63 F r om Middlesex & Boston St. Ry. 1928 88 30-ft. lightweight car Wason 1926 Brill 77E 4-G E 264 K-35 From E. Tau nton St. Ry. 1934 (No. 12) 90 30-ft. lightweight car Wason 1926 Brill 77E 4-GE264 K - 35 F rom E. Taunton St. Ry. 1934 (N". 14) NOTE A- Cars Nos. 53 and 61 were rebuilt for one-man operation as an experiment in 1924. Vestibules were added, side grills installed, doors cut through the bulkheads and isles cut through the benches along one side of the cars. They were not successful due to slow acceleration, and were used only as workmen's extras until 1927 whe:1 they were scrapped .

. Service, Freight and. Express Cars Number Type Builder Year Trucks Motors Cont r ol Notes 97 Line car - Portland RR Replaced by No. l OS 99 Motor fla~ car - At! an t)c Shore 1915 Peckham 14A 100 Locomotive Laconia 1906 Laconia MCB 4-GE80 K-35 102 Locornotive Laconia 1906 Laconia MCB 4-GE80 K,35 103 Portable rotary substation 104 40-ft. express car Laconia 1907 Standard C-50 4-WHl Ol D K-280 105 42 -ft. express car Laconia 1906 Standard C- 50 4- W H307 K - 28D 106 40-ft. express car Laconia 1907 Standard C- 50 4- WHlOl D , K - 280 , 107 40 -ft. express car Laconia 1907 Standard C-50 4-WHlOl D K - 28D l OS 25-ft. line car Laconia 1904 Standard C-50 4-GE70 K - 28D Ex-PD&Y mail car p urchased 1925 Snow Plows Number Type I Builder Year Trucks Motors Control Notes A Double truck plow Wason 1902 Wason 4-WHl Ol D K - 14 From Greenfield & Montague. 1934 B Single ·truck plow Wason 1908 Wason 2-WHl Ol D K - 10 c Double truck plow Smith & Wallace 1902 Smith & Wallace 4-W H lO l D K - 28D G Single truck plow Wason 1906 Wason 2-WHl Ol D K -10

-....~

..._, -~, BIRNEY CAR NO. 82 of York Utilities at the Sanford carbarn on June 21, 1935. Paint scheme was blue with aluminum trim. This car and its mate,, No. 80, were transferred to Seashore Electric Railway museum for historical preservation in 1946. 31. ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page 31. YORK UTILITIES COMPANY EARLY in 1922, the bondholders ing long summers at the beaches, line, over which service was sus­ of the Atlantic Shore Railway thus eliminating a large percentage pended on March 31, 1924, after a instituted reorganization proceed­ of the railway's revenue. life span of only 17 years, nearly ings, and after a series of confer­ One-man operation was intro­ all of which was unprofitable! The ences and hearings, agreement was duced in an attempt to pare the rails and overhead were removed finally reached among all parties expenses, but earnings continued to in the fall. That same year, bus concerned to accept a proportionate decrease. In addition, the property operation was inaugurated over a part of a new issue of stock and was suffering from a lack of proper new route between Sanford and bonds and to start a new operation maintenance. Springvale. of the railway system, with some In order to provide better service In 1925, bus service replaced the prospect of success. between Sanford and Springvale, a trolleys on the Town House-Cape The final step in reorganization new line was built on Main Street Porpoise and the Town House­ took place February 1, 1923, when between the two communities, and Kennebunkport lines. The tracks the Atlantic Shore Railway was it began operation in December of were retained for freight service, sold to a group of bondholders who 1923. It was intended to provide a however. Also, in 1925, bus service incorporated on that same date as loop service, cars leaving Sanford was established between Sanford the YORK UTILITIES COMPANY. via either the River Street route and Biddeford via Alfred. From the very beginning, the (the old Mousam River Railroad) Early in 1927, rail service between management of the York Utilities or the Main Street line and return­ Sanford and Biddeford was reduced was faced with almost insurmount­ ing over the other. But because of to four trips a day, and the trolleys able obstacles in continuing rail­ unbalanced traffic and a lack of operated every two hours between way .operation. Not only was the turnout facilities, it was operated West Kennebunk and Biddeford. private automobile competiti-on in­ as a loop line ·only in the evenings Later that year, the company re­ creasing; but with the era of rest­ and on Sundays. ceived permission to operate 'buses lessness that followed World War I, 'l'he first line to be abandoned from Biddeford to Kennebunk and vacationers were no longer spend- was the Kennebunk-York Beach Kennebunkport; and on September

I t I • i _-A . I ! I , ,, .. ~ . \ · · · ~· . .. .w . ·/·I I j l I

~. ~

REBUILT SEMI-CONVERTIBLE NO. 56-0ne of the 9 cars rebuilt for one-man operation by the York Utilities Company in 1923 is shown shortly after it came out of the shops. Folding steps, air­ controlled doors and dead-man controls were installed.-Photo from collection of Harold Forsyth. 32. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 32. 15th, all rail service outside of San­ Rolling Stock ford and Springvale (Sanford to Kennebunk, Town House to Bidde­ pASSENGER equipment taken ford, and the freight-only Town over by the York Utilities Com­ House to Cape Porpoise and Town pany from the Atlantic Shore Rail­ House to Kennebunkport lines) was way included 10 double truck cars disoontinued. The Town House car­ of the semi-convertible type, two barn was closed and the repair double truck combination cars and shops were moved to Sanford where 8 double truck open cars. Eight of a newer frame carhouse had been the semis were rebuilt to one-man built some time previously. cars, full safety equipment being The .day following abandonment installed. , of the Town House-Biddeford line, TOWN HOUSE JUNCTION • the Biddeford & Saco Railroad, on With abandonment of the York a monthly rental basis, began oper­ Beach line in 1924, all but two of ation over the route from City the open cars were retired and Square to Proctor Rload, a distance scrapped. These two were fitted of about 2% miles. The original with vestibules, doors were cut

. l .

-[Pholo by Roger Borrup. -[Photo by Roger Borrup. PORTABLE ROTARY AND SUBSTATION NO. 103 SNOW PLOW "A" at Sanford carhouse in June photographed at Sanford carhouse June 29, 1934. 1935. This plow came from the Greenfield & The same car in earlier years is shown on Page 17. Montague Transportation Area a year earlier.

~-lay inore than 80 per cent of the Greenfield & Montague Trans­ Freight and Express the trackage on the two lines be­ portation Area, Greenfield, Mass. tween Sanford and Springvale. The two East Taunton cars were THE York Utilities carried on This re-laid rail was carefully assigned to the Main St. line, pro­ the freight business of the At­ bonded and heat treated. Tie re­ viding a 15-minute headway, but lantic Shore Railway, and until newals were made with 6x8 creo­ ran for less than a year on the line 1927, operated one trip daily be­ soted Southern pine; new trolley because it was decided to change tween Sanford and Portland, cars wire was installed and many of over to bus operation rather than running under charter to the At­ the line poles were replaced. The pay paving charges-the Main St. lantic Express Company. In addi­ shops were rebuilt, adequately tracks were all in the center of the tion, the railway handled carload heated, and were tooled in accord­ road. freight from the Springvale inter­ ance with modern practices at the On April 19, 1935, the last cars change over the River St. route to time, insofar as seemed practical. ran on the Main St. line, buses the Sanford mills and from the In 1934, two double truck light­ taking over the following day. The Kennebunk interchange to Kenne­ weight Wason-built safety cars­ passenger service continued over bunkport and Cape Porpoise. Local new in 1926-were purchased from the River St. route, which was all express service over the system the East Taunton (Mass.) Street side-of-the-road operation, for was provided with the two com­ Railway, along with a double truck another 12 years. Rail operation bination cars. Wason nose plow acquired from was reduced to one car, providing Rehabilitation THE first item on the agenda for the York Utilities, following the abandonment of its Sanford­ Bi-ddeford route in 1927, was the rehabilitation of its remaining property. Tracks were in very poor condition, with the rails badly pounded at the joints, and tie re­ newals had been few and far be­ tween; the overhead ·was almost worn out and the majority of the poles were more than 30 years old. The trolley rolling stock was fairly modern, but the buses in operation were crude affairs - merely bus bodies on truck chassis. These so­ called buses were first replaced -[Photo by Roger Borrup. with Studebakers and later with MOST MODERN CAR on the York Utilities was this double truck light- Yellow Coaches. weight type (Nos. 88 and 90) purchased from East Taunton Street The six miles of rail saved when Railway in 1934. Photo shows car on River St. line heading out of Spring­ the Town House-Biddeford track vale for Sanford, June 21, 1935. No. 88 was acquired by the Seashore was torn up in 1929 was used to Electric Railway museum in 1947. r -

34. TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page 34. '

Westbrook, Maine, from the Boston -[Photo from & Maine, bought the Sanford­ Russell Goodall, Sanford, Maine. Springvale freight line, too. A small Diesel locomotive was ordered and upon its arrival in June, replaced WINTER SCENE the trolley loco~otives . at Centra I . Square, Sanford, The two ex-Denver & South showing semi­ Platte Birneys, Nos. 80 and 82, to­ conv.ertible c a r gether with freight motor No. 100 No. 50. · · and line car No. 108, along with the double truck lightweight No. 8~, have been acquired by the New England Electric Railway Histor­ a 30-minute headway, and the Utilities with only one serviceable ical Society, Inc., for PJ;eservation freight service. The last regular car, it was decided to place buses at their museum in Kennebunk­ trip was made on April 1, 1947, by on the River St. route as soon as port. The association also pur­ No. 88, although on April 27th, a possible. Freight service over the chased more than 500 feet of rail special farewell excursion was run line continued by electric motor, from the yard tracks . at the. San­ for th2 Boston Division, Railroad however, for another two years. ford carhouse, and obtained t_he Enthusiasts, Inc., who came by On April 1, 1949, the newly­ trolley wire brackets and other special Boston & Maine train to formed Sanford & Eastern Rail­ line material from the Sanford & Springvale. At the time it discon­ road, which had previously pur­ Eastern Railroad in exchange for tinued service, the York Utilities chased the route of the former the use of the association's line Company was operating the only Portland & Rochester Railroad truck No. S-117 in removing the passenger trolley car service in the between Rochester; N. H., and overhead wires and equipment. state of Maine, and the last small city rail operation in New England. One of the factors which pre­ -[Photo by Roger Borrup. cipitated the motorization of the River St. line was an accident on INTERBURBAN Feb. 6, 1947, when double truck BUS No. 209 car No. 90 left the rails on the -An early type bridge over the Mousam River in us.ed on the line Sanford, plunged through the rail­ from Sanford _to ing and came to a stop with its Biddeford. front truck dangling over the stream. Since this left the York

-[Photo by Phil. Bonnett.

OLD MAIL CAR No. 108 bought by York Utilities in 1925 from the defunct Ports­ mouth, Dover & York St. Ry. and converted into a line car. No. 108 was transferred by trailer truck in 1949 to th1e tracks of the Seasore Electric Railway museum in Kennebunk- port for perma­ nent display. 35. - ATLANTIC SHORE LINE RAILWAY Page IIi. r-:-

SUCCESSOR TO YORK UTILITIES-The Sanford & Eastern Railroad which took over switching work on the River Street freight line in Sanford is represented by its No. 14 photographed in 1949 a~ Springvale station. At right, trolley bracket awaiting dismantling in front of Sanford & Eastern's office and freight house at Springvale early in September, 1949, is a symbol of changed transportation scene. Photos by R. Borrup. Seashore Electric Railway THE Seashore Electric Railway once again-and has continued to was formed during the summer develop. months of 1939 for the express . At the present time (1957), the purpose of obtaining interesting Seashore museum has approxi­ electric cars for preservation and mately one mile of track and its future operation. roster of equipment numbers more than 50 cars of all type, represent­ A small piece of land was leased ing 15 states, Great Britain and the in Kennebunkport, adjacent to the Dominion of Canada. The society's fromer right-of-way of the Kenne­ membership is just under the 500 bunk-Biddeford route of the Atlan­ mark. tic Shore Line Railway, aD·d in July Due to public demand, carrying the first car was purchased a:1d of passengers over Seashore's one moved to the site. The car is a 12- quarter-mile of main line was bench Brill open, No. 31, and was undertaken on weekends during formerly owned by the Biddeford the summer of 1956. More than & Saco Railroad. 5,000 riders were carried in two big At the time, Seashore had a scant 15-bench open cars between July 1 dozen members, mostly from the and Labor Day. TROLLEY IS TRANSFERRED Greater Boston area. TO MUSEUM as General Man­ Because of space limitations at the Kennebunkport site, the New Additional cars were acquired in ager Albert G. Moineau (left) 1940, and in 1941 the group for­ England Electric Railway Historical of York Utilities Company and mally incorporated as the New Society, in late 1955 and early 1956, England Electric Railway Historical Theodore Santarelli deBrasch, purchased large tracts of land near Society Inc., the name Seashore vice -president and general U. S. Route 1 in North Kennebunk­ Electric Railway being retained as manager of the Seashore Elec­ port, near the Biddeford city line. the title for the property at Kenne­ tric Railway museum, shake At this new terminus, an entirely bunkport, Maine. hands as car No. 88 makes its new railway is being constructed­ The World War II years seriously "farewell" run as a railfan extending from the highway east­ curtailed Seashore's activities, ·but special on Sunday, April 27, erly toward the former Atlantic with the end of hostilities and the 1947. It was the last passenger Shore Line right-of-way. Current return of many of its members trolley to operate in the state plans call for immediate construc­ from the far-flung corners of the of Maine. -Photo by Michael tion of a 2,100-foot stretch of track earth, the museum began to grow A. Shalhoup, Sanford, Maine. - with a future extension to con- 36. 36 . •• TRANSPORTATION Vol. 4, Page lllil tinue to the Atlantic Shore Line New members are always wel­ only during the fall, winter and roadbed and thence to the present come, wheth er they can h elp with spring months, but visitors are wel­ yard and shop area at Ken nebunk­ the work or not. Dues have been comed every day during summer port. This will give Seashore a main kept as low as possible and are only months. The Seashore museum is line of more than 4 miles-lon gest $2 a year-although for members now one of Maine's major tourist of any trolley museum in th e U. S. who qualify, a sustaining member­ attractions and will become even Along with construction of its sh ip, giving certain additional priv­ more prominent when the new new main line, Seash ore crews are ileges, is available for $12 annually. terminal on Route 1 Is completed. undertaking the erectwn of the The income from dues is used to The New England Electric Rail­ first of several carhouses at the meet all necessary operating costs, way Historical Society Inc. issues a Kennebunkport end. The first barn lighting current at the property well illustrated annual report every is scheduled for completion in 1957 and maintenance on the cars. This year and copies of this, as well as with others to be built as finances insures the members against unex­ other information about the or­ permit. pected assessments and guarantees ganization, may be obtained by Other projects being undertaken each member that he is required writing to the society's general include restoration of th e museum 's only to meet his annual dues and offices at : Kennebunkport, Maine & nothing more. first car, No. 31, ex-Biddeford · ~ Saco open; No. 108, former line car Additions and improvements at of the York Utilities Company and the museum are financed from the ~~~. ex-mail car of the Portsmouth, proceeds from Shares of Contribu­ or by calling at the museum itself. Dover & York Street Railway; an d tion. These a re sold to members at Work a t the Seashore museum is the "City of Manchester," dimin u­ $1 0 each and are acknowledged by carried on the year 'round- even in tive 4-wheel parlor car formerly issuance of a certificate. This is winter-and there are always jobs owned by the Manchester Street entirely voluntary on the part of for members to do. Bunkhouse Railway. Other cars also will be an individual member and member­ fa~ilities are available for members restored to th eir original conditions ship is n ot dependent upon pur­ wishing to remain overnight-or as increased sh op facilities become chase of such sh ares. spend a week's vacati-on at the available. The m useum is open weekends property.

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BUILT MORE THAN 50 years ago, this 15-bench open trolley is still busily hauling passengers at the Seashore museum. A former Connecticut Company New Haven Division car, No. 615 is shown running on Seashore trackage on a summer weekend in 1956. -Photo by 0. R. Cummings. (. }-41 ..-ct~y t \ A.t..pR~D\ ~ \

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Map .of Atlantic Shore Line Railway

SCALE :- One inch approximately 4 miles

LEGEND

::a::a::z:c:: Atlantic Shore Line Railway +++++ Steam Railroads

Drawn by Juli•n Perry from dlt• by Genld F. Cunningham ,, :!:i

FULL PAID.

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