#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
VENUE Online Meeting DATE AND TIME 14:00 pm – 16:00 pm, Thursday 27th Aug 2020 PARTICIPANTS ACF, ACTED, Al-Alghsan Foundation, Al-Rakeezeh Foundation , ASB, BZ, Caritas Iraq, Caritas- Iraq, CCR, Cesvi , Cordaid , CRS, DRC, Field Ready, Field Ready, GBV SC Coordinator (UNFPA), GIZ, GOAL, handicap international, Human Appeal, IHAO, ILO, IOM, IRC, Malteser international , Mercy Corps, Iraq, Mercy Hands, MCPA, Near East Foundation, NRC, Peace Winds Japan, PIN, Preemptive Love, Prosperity Catalyst , Public Aid Org, REACH Initiative, Reach, Rwanga Foundation, RWG, Sahara Economic Development Organization (SEDO), Sama Al-Iraq Org. , SP, TGH, UNDP, UPP, Women for Women International, World Vision International.
Agenda DISCUSSION MEETING 14:00 – 14:10 Opening and introduction. AGENDA 14:10 – 14:30 Governorate level key updates. 14:30 – 14:50 Partner key updates. 14:50 – 15:00 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO) and Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) progress and collaborative role. 15:00 – 15:10 Standard Operating Procedure (SoP) Updates on business Incubation, job placement and asset replacement. 15:10 – 15:20 Co-Chair Selection for Emergency Livelihood Cluster. 15:20 – 15:30 Information Management Updates 15:30 – 15:50 Open Discussion (Including - DRC: Value chain analysis in Dyala on 4 products: Tomato, pomegranate, dates and yogurt - Prosperity Catalyst presentation: Train small business and provide support with business plans and toolkits) 15:50 – 16:00 AoB
Round of updates from the sub-clusters (*All sub-cluster contact details are at end of the document)
Key talking points: Baghdad: The cluster meeting is scheduled next week, meeting materials with invitation will be shared with partners to join the meeting. Not much updates from previous status. Salah Al-Din: The cluster meeting has organized last week, operation is coming back to normalcy, especially cash for work. DRC conducted an assessment, may be shared by next month.
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#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
Duhok & North Ninewa: The cluster meeting will be held next Thursday. They encourage partners if there is any assessments/reports/survey, should share with cluster for further dissemination among partners. National cluster coordination team suggested that ELC has SoPs for all assessments to be used as an umbrella. Next cluster meeting, more discussion in this regard will be taken place. Partner updates
ACF:. 1/ Ongoing projects.
Akre district of Duhok (Funded by GIZ)
• 60 Business grants. • 20 Apprenticeship opportunities. • Employability, Business skills and life skills training. • Psychological support and inclusion.
Qayarah and Sinune sub-district of Ninewa (Funded by OFDA) • 76 Business grants. • Business skills and life skills training. • Vocational training. Sinune sub-district • 150 CFW opportunities. • Kitchen gardening. • Orchard rehabilitation. • Reforestation. • Agriculture, Nutrition and food processing training. • 2/ At Contract signing stage Basra (Al-Qurnah and Al-Dair districts) • Agriculture assists rehabilitation. • Provision of agriculture assets. • CFW opportunities. • Small business grants. • Agriculture and food processing training Duhok city • 20 apprenticeship opportunities • Employability and life skills training. • Psychological support and inclusion. • Conducted market functionality assessment in Mosul city in July, now at the report writing stage
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#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
Human appeal: has completed the first phase of CfW project activities. 585 semi-skilled and skilled cash for work participants engaged in the renovation of public parks, schools, and Universities in Akre, Zakho, and Summel districts of Duhok Governorate, Currently, Human appeal is having an extension of CfW activities tailored to Covid-19 Response. Engaging 92 semi-skilled and 9 skilled CfW Participants to conduct basic renovations of roads and parks nearby health facilities. Reach: We will have extension of cash for work covering Ninew, Duhok, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah and Halabja. The first face has been completed, which was for nine months. SP: is starting a livelihoods pilot funded by Malteser International, timeline is from September 2020 to April 2021. 55 Category 2 homes to be rehabilitated Install HH waste management structures Install rainwater catchment tanks 80 agricultural cash grants to be distributed Form Agricultural Information Sharing Groups (AISGs) 50 HHs to be provided with poultry inputs 10,000 chickens distributed ASP: Project in Sinjar (duration of 08/2018-08/2021). In August 1) 32 agriculture businesses were established (including components of cash grant & business training) 2) Vocational training program is continuing with 8 trainees ( 6 months program 06/2020- 11/2020) 3) 16 beekeeping Farmer Filed Schools (FFS) were created including 416 farmers in the villages in south Sinjar. Women for Women International: We work with marginalized women in Erbil and Duhok. Due to COVID-19 in person activities are suspended but we are offering online classes to nearly 500 women on business skills and market access. Field Ready: trainings completed in AUGUST - MOSUL Introduction to PYTHON Programming Finance for Start-ups Youth Leadership Program – Second Workshop -ERBIL Youth Leadership Program Caritas - Iraq / Anbar - we paid the beneficiaries of the Livestock activity for 139, finished the training of the Youth (62 individuals) it was about different skills like water establishment and electricity etc. We are going to train more women in Falluja next month and more youth in Saqlauia. Caritas Czech Republic (CCR): Ninewa, Distribution of productive assets and life skills training to 50 most vulnerable household. Anbar, provided temporary employment to 107 participants and rehabilitated five box culverts. Preemptive Love: We will open small business in Sinjar, Duhok and Mosul. The goal to open 368 small business in ten months. We will be happy to further coordination in relation to this.
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#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
Reach Initiative: Reach Initiative conducted a study on impact of debt on internally displaced Person (IDP), refugee and host community households. The aims of the study are: - To better understand how debt and borrowing affects the socio-economic security and overall household vulnerability of IDPs, refugees, and host communities in Iraq. - Understand why households frequently cite taking out loans or borrowing money as a primary coping mechanism. - To understand the interlinkages of debt and multi-purpose cash assistance (MPCA). - To understand differences in reliance on and impact of debt between different populations and across selected locations in different geographical regions of the country. A total of 8 sex-segregated Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted with household representatives in northern Iraq between 10 and 18 December 2019, and 60 Individual Interviews (IIs) were conducted with household representatives in the central and southern governorates between 17 and 19 December 2019. For more, explore kindly see the attachment.
Key updates on HRP: Humanitarian Program Cycle Timeline: Humanitarian Need Overview (HNO) (Jul-Nov 2020). Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) (Oct-Dec 2020). Periodic Monitoring Report (Jan-Aug and will continue). Humanitarian Dashboard (Jan-Aug and will continue).
Timeline/Process Overview (HNO) • Step 1: Agree on scope of the analysis and costing approach (June). • Step 2: Undertake secondary data review (July/August). • Step 3: Collect primary data (July/August). • Step 4: Conduct joint inter-sectoral needs analysis (July/August/September).
Drafting/formatting of HNO during second half of October.
Timeline/Process Overview (HRP) • Step 5: Define the scope of the HRP and formulate initial objectives (August/September). • Step 6: Conduct response analysis (September/October). • Step 7: Finalize strategic and specific objectives, indicators and priorities (October). • Step 8: Formulate projects/activities and estimate cost of response plan (November).
Drafting/formatting of HRP in December and first half of January. More information you can found in attached PPT.
Standard Operating Procedure (SoP) Updates on business Incubation, job placement and asset replacement: 4
#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
Drafts for Cash for Work and Vocational training have been completed and shared with partners, if you have any comment or suggestion please inform us, otherwise we consider those as final. Asset Replacement already drafted and will be circulated with partners in September and hopefully endorsed by October. Regarding business incubation and Job Placement, for lead and co-lead will be finalized by first week of September, depending on their expression of interests.
Co-Chair Selection for Emergency Livelihood Cluster: - Timeframe The selected Co-chair will serve for a term of one year from September 1st, 2020 to September 1st, 2021. After that, the ELC will agree to continue with the current co-chair or run duly a new round for selecting a new co-chair.
- Reporting Requirements By the 2nd week of September 2020, the co-chair will provide a brief report to ELC highlighting and evaluating activities and services stated in these Terms of Reference (ToRs). ELC will decide in October 2020 on the frequency of the reports from the co-chair. For more information kindly find attached file.
Information Management Updates: ActivtyInfo reporting partner are: ACF , ASB , AVSI , CARE , Caritas-Czech , Caritas-Iraq , Cesvi , CNSF , CRS , DAI , DRC , FOCSIV , FRC , Goal , HA , IHA , IOM , IRC , IRW , JDA , LWF , Mercy Corps , Mercy Hands , NEF , NRC , Oxfam , PAH , PIN , PLC , Point , PWJ , REACH , RNVDO , SED , SP , Tearfund , UNDP , WHH , WRO , WVI , ZOA and ZSVP.
Livelihood Documents, meeting minutes, cluster focal points, assessment or any important documents humanitarianresponse.info – Iraq – Livelihood
Extract Assessments in HR.Info as excel (or csv) file humanitarianresponse.info – Iraq – Livelihood – assessments - export
DRC: Value chain analysis in Dyala on 4 products: Tomato, pomegranate, dates and yogurt: Analysis of Key Value Chains in the Agriculture and Food-processing Sector in Muqtadiyah, Diyala Governorate. Background: - Iraq’s agricultural sector has been seriously affected by crisis: - In Diyala, 90% of the population was traditionally employed by the agricultural sector. - Substantial reductions in the number of people participating in the agricultural workforce. Lack of job opportunities, rural > urban migration. - Lack of financial support for the agricultural sector – credit / loans / subsidies, etc - Competition from cheaper imported products 5
#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
- Reliance on outdated production and processing techniques. For more information, please have a look PPT.
Prosperity Catalyst: Train small business and provide support with business: plans and toolkits:
Prosperity Catalyst established a network of 40 youth mentors across Iraq, male and female, who received training on how to perform a value chain assessment and business management planning. With this new knowledge, they can work with businesses to guide them through the development and execution of their business plan. In order to select businesses for our projects, we begin by implementing a value chain assessment of all the actors involved in a sector. In this way, we can source raw materials locally, design and produce high-quality and profitable products, and develop a robust local business community. In our most recent assessment we identified 407 suppliers, over 600 producers, and 166 artisans. We also were able to find local raw material, abundant skills in embroidery, sewing, crocheting, pyrography, weaving, basket making, leather, wood carving, and paper recycling, and a better understanding of the logistics in each area. For more information, PPT is attached.
Open Discussion: During suspending cash for work due to Covid19, did the partner pay to beneficiaries while they are at home. The answers are: - It depends, require agreement between partner and donor. - Not paid, but when the situation back to normalcy, the previous beneficiaries was asked to join cash for work again. Also, there were suggestions that SOP for CfW should consider this kind of situation.
Ques: If someone already expressed interest for being co-chair, shall s/he need to submit again?
Ans: Since the SOP for co-chair has been modified, yes it needs to submit again.
CLUSTER Saudia Anwer, National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Coordinator CONTACT INFO [email protected] , +880 1680279612 Vacant, National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Co-Coordinator
Sameer Ezzat, Emergency Livelihoods Cluster IMO +964 (0)750 475 0567
Ashis Kundu, Dahuk & Ninewa Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)750 356 9842
Gull Sadia Altaf, Anbar Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)772 979 2635 6
#5 National Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Meeting 27/08/2020 Meeting Minutes
Chopi Samal Jalal, Sulaymaniyah Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)771 747 8887
Vacant, Kirkuk Emergency Livelihoods Sub-Cluster Coordinator
Tauqeer Ahmad, Baghdad Emergency Livelihoods Sub-Cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)772 775 3048
Rizwan Qazi, Mosul City Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected] , +964 (0)751 7450 469
Amman Ali, Salahaddin Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)773 694 2822
Abbas Al Soudany, Diyala Emergency Livelihoods Sub-cluster Coordinator [email protected], +964 (0)770 223 6770
7 MEETING #5 – 27 AUG 2020 SKYPE HOUSE RULES
1) Mute yourself if you're not talking 2) Don't use the camera 3) Introduce yourself with name, organization and role in the below link https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/12xA7wYTd_pwkImMlxIeh- 1KOJ0ActzuslI6vRRdpfj8/edit#gid=0 4) Preferable no speakerphones INTRODUCTION Emergency Livelihoods Cluster Team
Cluster Coordinator a.i: Saudia Anwer – UNDP [email protected]
Co-Cluster Coordinator: Vacant
General Cluster Email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Sub-Cluster Coordination Team
Anbar Sub-Cluster Co-Coordinator: Gull Sadia Altaf – OXFAM [email protected] Baghad Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Tauqeer Ahmad – OXFAM [email protected] Dahuk / Ninewa Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Ashis Kundu – GOAL [email protected] Kirkuk Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Vacant [email protected] Mosul Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Rizwan Qazi – DRC [email protected] Salahaddin Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Amman Ali – OXFAM [email protected] Sulaymaniah Sub-Cluster Coordinator: Chopi Samal Jalal – Mercy Corps [email protected] AGENDA 14:00 – 14:15 Opening and introduction. 14:15 – 14:30 Governorate level key updates. 14:30 – 14:50 Partner key updates (Including Prosperity Catalyst presentation: Train small business and provide support with business plans and toolkits). 14:50 – 15:00 HNO and HRP progress and collaborative role. 15:00 – 15:10 SoP Updates on business Incubation, job placement and asset replacement. 15:10 – 15:20 Co-Chair Selection for ELC. 15:20 – 15:30 Information Management Updates. 15:30 – 15:50 Open Discussion (including DRC: Value chain analysis in Dyala on 4 products: Tomato, pomegranate, dates and yogurt) 15:50 – 16:00 AoB Opening and introduction GOVERNORATE LEVEL KEY UPDATES
• Anbar • Baghdad • Dahuk and Ninewa • Kirkuk : Vacant • Mosul • Salahaddin • Sulaymaniyah PARTNER KEY UPDATES Prosperity Catalyst Train small business and provide support with business plans and toolkits Reach Initiative
The debt study
WHO WE ARE
Prosperity Catalyst develops and strengthens women- and youth- led businesses in distressed regions, providing business and technical training, creating opportunities for women and youth to achieve economic and social empowerment. WHERE WE WORK
• Erbil • Duhok • Mosul • Baghdad • Muthana • Hilla • Thi-Qar WHAT WE DO We support women and youth to build independent, scalable, and sustainable businesses. We provide them with technical and business training, access to market, and integrate them with the relevant value chain. Alongside business development, we work with local partners to provide legal support, as well as GBV and psychological support. Those in our business circle and their families have access to these services. HOW WE DELIVER
Mentors We established a network of 40 youth mentors across Iraq, male and female, who received training on how to perform a value chain assessment and business management planning. With this new knowledge, they are able to work with businesses to guide them through the development and execution of their business plan. HOW WE LAUNCH
Value Chain Assessment In order to select businesses for our projects, we begin by implementing a value chain assessment of all the actors involved in a particular sector. In this way, we can source raw materials locally, design and produce high- quality and profitable products, and develop a robust local business community In our most recent assessment we identified 407 suppliers, over 600 producers, and 166 artisans. We also were able to find local raw material, abundant skills in embroidery, sewing, crocheting, pyrography, weaving, basket making, leather, wood carving, and paper recycling, and a better understanding of the logistics in each area. Local and International Designers We work with the most skilled and talented local and international designers. Not only do they design and develop product lines, they provide hands-on technical training to artisans along our defined value chains. Some of our products: Candles, bags, baskets, toys, accessories, leather, Christmas ornaments and more. Some of our products: SUPPORT WE OFFER
Technical Training Our beneficiaries receive hands- on technical training to elevate their handicraft skills. Training is deliver by local master artisans and includes an introduction to the skill, mastering the skill, and quality control according to international guidelines. Those who satisfactorily complete the training will have access to our cash for work programs. Business Management Training We offer business management training that guides participants through the process of launching or growing a business and includes sessions on financial management, marketing, a breakeven analysis, and leadership. Upon graduation, each trainee should be able to develop and pitch a business plan. We deliver this training in class and online through our mentors and coordinators. Business Planning Small businesses led by women and youth enjoy mentorship support through the business planning process. Following the completion of their business plans, businesses have the opportunity to pitch their ideas to a panel of local stakeholders. Networking We are developing an extensive network of local actors in the handicrafts and small business ecosystems in Iraq. This enables businesses to share best practices, advocate around shared concerns, and establish strong business partnerships. Psychosocial and Legal Support In partnership with our local partners, we provide GBV, PSS, and legal services support. The services are offered for free for the individuals and their family members. MARKETING Tradeshows We have organized various tradeshows in Erbil and Baghdad in order to showcase local small business and provide them access to buyers: • Five Fingers in Baghdad, May 2017 • Heart and Art in Erbil, December 2018 • Startup Expo Frost Edition in Erbil, December 2019 • 2X1 in Baghdad, January 2020 BRANDING
Prosperity Catalyst developed a local brand, the Akkadian Collection, which encompasses Iraqi handmade products available locally and regionally.
The Akkadian Collection products are Fair Trade certified by the Fair Trade Federation. HOW WE HANDLE COVID-19
Online Services Since March 2020, we have launched virtual training and consultation support. Virtual services include business management training and legal consultations. In-Class Training We continue to deliver training in-class training when safe and according to the health department guidance. We continue to offer in-person training so those who lack access to the internet or appropriate technology. We make sure the proper measurements are taken, such as maintaining social distance, wearing masks, and use disinfectants regularly. How to reach us: You can visit www.prosperitycatalyst.org to learn more about our mission or contact me directly at [email protected]. You can view our products by visiting https://catalystcollections.com/. HNO and HRP progress and collaborative role HPC (HUMANITARIAN PROGRAMME CYCLE) 2021 TIMELINE TIMELINE/PROCESS OVERVIEW (HNO) Step 1: Agree on scope of the analysis and costing approach (June) Yet to clarify elements of analysis related to risk and durable Agreed in 29 June Workshop solutions - and to improve costing approach
Step 2: Undertake secondary data review (July/August) Subsequent review and validation by ICCG/AWG/IMWG/Sub-Nat GIMAC to submit SDR outputs on 5 September ICCGs to take place 5-15 September
Step 3: Collect primary data (July/August) MCNA and ILA to submit full datasets and preliminary analytical outputs Joint AWG/IMWG on 17 August will review new JIAF guidance, and then by 25 September update methodological paper, agree on timeline for data analysis
Step 4: Conduct joint inter-sectoral needs analysis (July/August/September) Given delays in data availability, ICCG workshop to be planned for early- Workshop will be to validate SDR (JIAF pillar 1-3), PiN and severity (JIAF mid October pillar 4) and risk analysis/projections (JIAF pillar 5)
DRAFTING/FORMATTING OF HNO DURING SECOND HALF OF OCTOBER TIMELINE/PROCESS OVERVIEW (HRP) Step 5: Define the scope of the HRP and formulate initial objectives (August/September) Propose joint HCT/ICCG Workshop mid-October (at least a week after the Agreement on priorities, boundaries & targets of response (Sos) based on Joint Analysis Workshop) needs analysis to guide response planning and GHO input
Step 6: Conduct response analysis (September/October) Based on HCT/ICCG Workshop, ICCG to develop multi-sectoral response, Subsequent review and validation by HCT early November (before GHO possibly separate workshop/dedicated meeting? (second half of October) deadline of 9 November)
Step 7: Finalize strategic and specific objectives, indicators and priorities (October) ICCG/IMWG finalize strategic/specific objectives, indicators, clusters Strategic/Specific Objectives finetuned, Cluster response plans and develop response plans, drafting of intersectoral HRP chapters objectives to be aligned with Strategic/Specific Objectives. (November)
Step 8: Formulate projects/activities and estimate cost of response plan (November) Given ABC, activity formulation/costing to happen as part of cluster HCT review of activities, costing etc in late November for final agreement response planning, joint ICCG review of activities by SO in late November. early December.
DRAFTING/FORMATTING OF HRP IN DECEMBER AND FIRST HALF OF JANUARY Standard Operating Procedure (SoP) Updates on business Incubation, job placement and asset replacement Co-Chair Selection for Emergency Livelihood Cluster Terms of Reference for Co-Chair Selection Process Co-chair ELC coordination meetings; Support to Chair to monitor performance regarding emergency livelihood programmes – which clearly contribute to the implementation of evidence-based strategic objectives – based on the identification of good field practices and agreed international benchmarks and standards. Assist to chair to effectively use and transfer information to, from and between cluster members and other stakeholders. Interact with other clusters (including through inter-cluster coordination fora), humanitarian actors, government counterparts, and relevant authorities for operational planning, engagement and active contribution of operational partners Support the implementation of joint analysis workshops, including preparation of chapter narratives, under Iraq Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO), Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) and Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan (3RP). Key Assist to ensure that the Cluster response is informed by appropriate relevant technical standards and good practice. Responsibilities Contribute to implementation of Emergency Livelihood Cluster information management strategy and mechanism to report and share information within the Cluster, with the other clusters, with the governorates, with the overall humanitarian community including donors, with OCHA and UNHCR Contribute to monitoring and evaluation of the response carried out by Cluster Partners and the overall performance of the Cluster Support in mobilizing NGOs to represent cluster partners and their emergency livelihood interventions at the Sub National level and National Level; Contribute to the production of ELC related documents, including the Humanitarian Needs Overview, Humanitarian Response Plan, 3RP, SOPS, policies, strategies, newsletter, among others. Represent the cluster in humanitarian forums ( i.e Durable Solutions and Sub National Cluster meetings etc.). Timeframe The selected Co-chair will serve for a term of one year from September 1st, 2020 to September 1st, 2021. After that, the ELC will agree to continue with the current co-chair or run duly a new round Duration and for selecting a new co-chair. Reporting Reporting Requirements By the 2nd week of September 2020, the co-chair will provide a brief report to ELC highlighting and evaluating activities and services stated in these Terms of Reference (ToRs). ELC will decide in October 2020 on the frequency of the reports from the co-chair. QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION Information Management Updates ActivityInfo Big Big thanks for who submitted reports into ActivityInfo
ACF , ASB , AVSI , CARE , Caritas-Czech , Caritas-Iraq , Cesvi , CNSF , CRS , DAI , DRC , FOCSIV , FRC , Goal , HA , IHA , IOM , IRC , IRW , JDA , LWF , Mercy Corps , Mercy Hands , NEF , NRC , Oxfam , PAH , PIN , PLC , Point , PWJ , REACH , RNVDO , SED , SP , Tearfund , UNDP , WHH , WRO , WVI , ZOA , ZSVP Dashboards https://app.powerbi.com/view?r=eyJrIjoiZjRmZjQwY2MtNWJkZS00 Yjk3LWJmYzktZmQwYTVkZjRjZTQ2IiwidCI6ImIzZTVkYjVlLTI5NDQtN DgzNy05OWY1LTc0ODhhY2U1NDMxOSIsImMiOjh9 Find Livelihood Documents humanitarianresponse.info Iraq Livelihood Contact List, Meeting Minutes, Assessments Extract Assessments in HR.Info DRC Value chain analysis in Dyala on 4 products: Tomato, pomegranate, dates and yogurt Analysis of Key Value Chains in the Agriculture and Food-processing Sector in Muqtadiyah, Diyala Governorate
Danish Refugee Council With funding from Danida.
47 Iraq’s agricultural sector has been seriously affected by crisis: In Diyala, 90% of the population was traditionally employed by the agricultural sector. Substantial reductions in the number of people participating in the agricultural workforce. Lack of job opportunities, rural > Background urban migration. Lack of financial support for the agricultural sector – credit / loans / subsidies, etc Competition from cheaper imported products Reliance on outdated production and processing techniques.
48 Methodology Desk Household Key Informant Review Surveys Interviews -Knowledge, Attitude and - Key Informant Interviews -Project Documents Practice Surveys x 85 (KIIs) x 40 with: -Publicly Available Data - Producers -Secondary Literature -Traders - Processors - Experts
49 Findings: Social cohesion, gender, PwD
Diyala Governorate
50 Social cohesion • 59% not regular socialize with people from other groups • Important gender difference: 57% men, 24% women • Receptive environment to promote social cohesion. Fostering cooperation between different actors in the agricultural value chain, might have a positive impact both on livelihoods and social cohesion Gender The community does not view the agricultural sector as an appropriate pursuit for women, despite the prevalence of women in the agriculture Only 7% (n=6/85) of all respondents considered farming as an acceptable sector for women Women active in agriculture in Diyala: laboring and harvesting work domestic processing and small-scale production of products PwD 25% of respondents answered yes to at least one of these questions = a high rate. Women are more likely to report disabilities than men. Survey respondents indicated that those with disabilities are not expected to support 51 their families financially Findings
Diyala Governorate
52 Prior to the crisis, livestock accounted for around 1/3 of total value of agricultural production in Iraq. Around 3/4 of Iraq’s cattle, sheep, goats and buffalo were lost Animal husbandry important source of income and food for female headed households Context – Provision of medicine, vaccines and other veterinary services were available from the government prior to the crisis, but are now limited due to insecurity Diary Sector in and financial crisis Iraq/Diyala Imports account for the majority of Iraq’s consumption. Key informants stated that foreign dairy products are available on the market for lower prices than local products which has depressed production
53 Financial Government Processors Traders Consumers environment experts • Price info • Suggest building • Small scale • Importance • Preference for gathered by associations to farmers and quality local products word to mouth develop consumers • Seasonal • Emphasis on • No stablished business • Selling locally variation in quality regulation on • Question about demand • Distribution by • Suggesting government and regulations to themselves • Challenge: support to financial support imports Insecurity, roads • Packaging by farmers to • Demand for • Increase of themselves with • No contracts increase the training: inputs to farmers plastic, bottles, • No part of production • Small: No will increase metal traders’ need production to meet the • Only one large association • Medium-Large: demand scale processor • No support from Needed government • Women are not • Women could involved in benefit from a finance as men stronger value chain • Local products cannot compete with imported
54 Dairy Value Chain Need to create farmers associations Support farmers with farm inputs Conclusions and Develop a strategy that focuses on the perceived good quality Recommendations of local dairy produce.
55 Diyala was once famous for its pomegranate cultivation The recent crisis has led to many orchards being abandoned and a decline in Context - quality and production levels. Production levels and quality remain low and are insufficient to meet Pomegranate domestic demand Iraqi pomegranates often struggle to compete with higher quality and Value Chain cheaper foreign imports from countries such as Egypt, Iran, Syria, Turkey, and Yemen
56 Producers Processors Traders Consumers Government experts
• No commercial • Abandoning land • Demand for local • Preference for • Prices and demand processing during conflict and imported locally are declining • Very small scale because of • High production undertaken by • Opposing ideas on • Most popular fresh costs due to quality local and pomegranate + preference to women at home machinery, staffing imported juice, syrup imports and inputs • Family run • Pressure from business • Variation of prices: • Local products • Prices are variable Season, location good quality imports have • Price variation based on quality • Formal agreements • Support value affected local depends on raw • High cost of farm • Local production materials traders selling to chain in: doesn’t meet the Baghdad • Financial support inputs • No financial support demand • No association but to farmers • Past governments • No quality certificate • Products sold to in the past • Reducing imports supported. Now • Cannot afford suggestion: same wholesalers • Capacity of farmers • Improving equipment since years to meet local storage • Limiting imports demand but conflict • Support producers with imports. • Technology and innovation • Women opportunities • Traders influence the price
57 Local farmers would benefit from training and capacity building on topics such as farm management, crop and pest Conclusions and management, quality control and marketing Recommendations - Producers lack the capital to invest in replacing damaged or lost Pomegranate Value equipment and machinery, farm inputs, or making Chain improvements to their farms Access to financing would support household processors producing syrup and juice, benefiting mainly women
58 In 2018 Iraq produced 614,584 tones of dates, around 7% of the global total Context – Iraq produces 8 distinct varieties of dates Date Value Date palms in Iraq can be susceptible to pests. Chain Currently many date palm orchards in the area have been damaged by conflict and lack of maintenance as the sector has declined in recent decades
59 Government Producers Processors traders Consumers experts • Variety for local • Consume local • 3 main markets: • Harvest • Primary product: and variety for more than Domestic August/Sept, Syrup and export imported consumption, peak sales Oct. molasses • Competition with • Fresh dates local production • Major costs are • Processing imports most popular of syrup and rent, labor, depends on • Demand • Good quality vinegar, export equipment, demand and increases in • Traders setting affordability of • Suggesting: inputs and winter Financial prices maintenance dates. Some • Focus should be grow themselves • Prices vary support to • Price change on depending on farmers, storage on increasing seasons • Require tools availability in and reducing production of that are old • No support from market import farmers government • Social norms • Key costs: Labor • Supporting against women women in • Farmers need processing • All men reported support for restrictions to processing small inputs, storage, • No financial women scale refrigerator support and low level of financial • Challenges: • Cooperation literacy Storage, finance between and pest control producers
60 Farmers would benefit from soft loans which allow them to invest in replacing damaged or lost equipment and machinery, farm inputs, or Conclusions and making improvements to their farms. Similar help should be extended to the predominantly female household Recommendations processors producing syrup and vinegar. Date Value Chain Creating/reinvigorating farmers and producers’ associations Training and capacity building on topics such as farm management, crop and pest management, quality control and marketing
61 Iraq grows a variety of tomatoes Tomatoes are harvested at different times throughout the year in different parts of the country due to variations in soil and climatic conditions Context - In Diyala tomatoes are normally harvested in the summer Tomato Value Farmers are challenged by water scarcity and high Chain in temperatures Iraq/Diyala Tomato harvesting in Iraq is conducted by hand The most popular processed product is tomato paste, Ketchup and tomato-based sauces are also popular
62 Producers Processors Traders Consumers Government experts
• Largely absent • Sold fresh • Selling to vendors, • Local are by far the • Low prices • One processor: wholesalers and most popular (250IQD/kg) is not • No storage, selling Large imports and immediately. markets in larger • Good quality sustainable – high costs of cities Should be 1,000- Transportation by processing • More support to themselves • Key product for their 1,500 • Primary costs: farmers is needed • Pressure on prices income • Women key role in Fuel/electricity, the value chain because of imports labor and fresh • Shortage in • Difficulties in getting tomatoes domestic supply • Main challenges: inputs because lack of cost of fertilizers, • Demand is there but support to farmers irrigation, labor • Employment of meet mainly with family members and imported • High imports make • Seeding is seasonal workers local prices very low affordable • Environmental • No associations • No associations challenges • No access to • Traders are the affecting: Heat, financial support dominant actor in water scarcity, the value chain insects/pests • Imports depress the tomato market • Environmental challenges are impacting the cultivation
63 Local farmers would benefit from soft loans Conclusions and Creating or reinvigorating farmers and producers’ associations Recommendations - Training and capacity building on topics such as irrigation, crop Tomato Value Chain and pest management, quality control and marketing Supporting farmers to increase their resilience in the face of environmental challenges
64 Conclusions
Diyala Governorate
65 Supply Demand
Small-scale family farms characterize Demand for local products is quite all four value chains – Low strong. collaboration General perception good quality, and Lack of traditional agricultural when the price, quality and availability knowledge is not the main issue. But are good, they are generally preferred can build up to imported.
Farmers have difficulties accessing Routes from farm to market appear to financial support be functioning Conclusions • Lack of government grants and loans Problems in the value chain are • Few micro-credit organizations work related to pressure from imports, and in the area and low awareness of lack of supply from local farmers their existence Following production development and the introduction of quality controls, new trading channels could be envisaged, specially dairy products
66 Policies, norms and rules Services and infrastructure
Government action to resolve its key challenge: environmental agricultural challenges degradation and water scarcity
Farmers in the area have also A sustainable farming approach traditionally relied on/need the should pay close attention to the government support restoration and enrichment of soil quality in the long term In the absence of government support it may be beneficial to Tomato farmers in particular Conclusions create or support farmers requested support to obtain associations, to help farmers: greenhouses and drip irrigation improve their bargaining power systems, together with training in with traders their use improve their standing and representation with government Further projects might also focus on agencies crop production diversification and exchange knowledge on improved crop cycle management; production techniques and market strengthening capacities of information producers, introducing new potentially to improve social practices and cropping patterns. cohesion.
67 Thank you! Any questions?
68 Open Discussion AOB?
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