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BOLETIN RSBAP LXXIV 2018.Indb
Aspectos médicos en la primera vuelta al mundo* JAVIER ALMAZÁN Doctor en medicina por la universidad Autónoma de Madrid Resumen: En el trabajo que se presenta a continuación se señalan los aspectos médicos de la expedición que por primera vez dio la vuelta al mundo bajo el mando de Fernando de Magallanes hasta su muerte y culminada por Juan Sebastián Elcano como capitán de la nao Victoria. Desde un punto de vista clínico se van a describir las enfermedades sufridas, las causas de los falle- cimientos y los sucesos relacionados con la salud de los navegantes. Se des- criben, asimismo, la organización sanitaria de la Armada y los profesionales embarcados, la dieta y la alimentación durante el viaje. Palabras clave: Primera vuelta al mundo. Medicina Renacentista. Ciru- janos y barberos. Escorbuto. Tratamiento de las heridas de guerra. Laburpena: Jarraian aurkezten dudan lanean, alderdi medikotik aztertuko dut lehen aldiz munduari bira eman zion espedizioa (lehenengo Fernando Magallaesen agindupean, hura hil arte, eta ondoren Juan Sebastian Elkanok gidatuta, Victoria itsasontziko kapitain gisa). Ikuspegi klinikotik begiratuta deskribatuko ditut nabigatzaileek jasandako gaixotasunak, haien heriotzen kausak eta osasunarekin erlazionatuta bizi izan zituzten gertakariak. Halaber, (*) Conferencia impartida en el Museo San Telmo el 4 de diciembre de 2018. [BOLETÍN DE LA R.S.B.A.P. LXXIV, 2018: 1-2, pp. 321-351] JAVIER ALMAZÁN armadaren eta itsasontzian zeuden profesionalen antolamendu sanitarioa ere azalduko dut, baita bidaian zehar izan zuten dieta eta elikadura ere. Gako-hitzak: Munduari bira lehen aldiz. Errenazimentuko medikuntza. Zirujauak eta bizarginak. Eskorbutoa. Gerrako zaurien tratamendua. Summary: This paper highlights the medical aspects of the expedition which led to the fi rst circumnavigation of the globe under the leadership of Ferdinand Magellan and completed by Juan Sebastián Elcano as captain of the ship Victoria. -
Juan Sebastián Elcano ¿1476?–1526
JUAN SEBASTIÁN ELCANO ¿1476?–1526 Zalantzarik gabe euskaldun unibertsalena da. Bere bizitza, eta Malasian Victoria ontzian izandako heriotza ere egiaztapen horren adibide dira. Gipuzkoako Getarian jaio zen eta txikitatik itsas kulturan murgildurik bizi izan zen, arrantza zein merkataritza ontzietan nabigatzen. Geroxeago, arma gizon lez, Oran hiria bereganatu zuen Cisnerosen espedizioan pate hartu zuen, eta beranduago Gonzalo Fernandez de Kordobak Italian gidatutako operazioetan ere parte hartu zuen. 1519an, 30 urte eginak zituelarik Sibiliara (Sevilla) heldu zen, eta Asiako Indiatako lur aberatsetara heltzeko mendebaldetik ordezko ibilbidea bilatu nahiaz, Fernando Magallaes portugaldarra prestatzen ari zen espedizioan sartu zen. Ozeano Barea zeharkatu eta Colonek amaitu gabe utzi zuen proiektuari amaiera eman nahi zioten. Huelvako San Lucar de Barramedako portutik bost ontzi atera ziren: Trinidad, San Antonio, Santiago, Victoria eta Concepción ontziak, eta Elkano nabigazio maisu gisa itsasoratu zen. Itsas bidaia oso latza izan zen hasiera hasieratik, Atlantikoa Patagoniaraino zeharkatu zuten eta gaur egun Magallaes izenez ezagutzen den itsasartetik zailtasun handiz eta hainbat matxinada garaituz igaro ostean Ozeano Barean sartu ziren, Amerika atzean utziz. Hilabete batzuk geroago Filipinetara heldu ziren eta bertan Fernando Magallaes hil egin zen indigenen aurkako borrokan. Orduan Elkanok Victoria ontziaren agintea eskuratu zuen, eta hortik aurrera bere borondate irmoari eta itsas esperientziari esker espedizio osoko agintea ere eskuratuko zuen, India zeharkatzeko bidea eginez. Afrikako Esperantza Oneko Lurmuturra igaro zuen 1522ko maiatzaren 19an eta azkenik Sanlucarren sartu zen urte bereko irailaren 8an Atlantikoko itsas bideari jarraituz. Mundu osoari lehenbiziko bira egina zuten. Hasiera batean Carlos V. enperadoreak hainbat dohain, eta Munduko bola baten goialdean Primus Circuncidiste Me legendazko lema erabiltzeko eskubidea eman bazion ere, ez zuen inoiz bere ekintza gogoangarriengatik lortutako pentsioa eskuratu. -
British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca, 1786-1819
BRITISH STRATEGIC INTERESTS IN THE STRAITS OF MALACCA 1786-1819 Samuel Wee Tien Wang B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1991 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History O Samuel Wee Tien Wang 1992 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY December 1992 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL NAME: Samuel Wee DEGREE: TITLE OF THESIS: British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca, 1786-1819 EXAMINING COMMITTEE: CHAIR: J. I. Little ~dhardIngram, Professor Ian Dyck, Associate ~hfessor Chdrles Fedorak - (Examiner) DATE: 15 December 1992 PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE 1 hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis, project or extended essay (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this work for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this work for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesis/Project/Extended Essay British Strategic Interests in the Straits of Malacca Author: (signature) Samuel Wee (name) (date) ABSTRACT It has almost become a common-place assumption that the 1819 founding of Singapore at the southern tip of the strategically located Straits of Malacca represented for the English East India Company a desire to strengthen trade with China; that it was part of an optimistic and confident swing to the east which had as its goal, the lucrative tea trade. -
El Documentos Del
A R C H I V O G E N E R A L D E I N D I A S THE DOCUMENT OF THE MONTH JUNE, 2021 EMPOWERING ARCHIVES: RECOVERING THE PAST. COMMEMORATE THE EVENTS Every month the Archivo General de Indias focuses its attention on a document, or on a group of documents, belonging to one of the fonds conserved in it, or to some of the archival tasks carried out there. Pursuing an informative purpose, with the document or documents exhibited -and along with a series of complementary information-, a showcase, so it can be easily seen by users who visit the Archive. DOCUMENT OF THE MONTH IN JUNE, THE ARCHIVO GENERAL DE INDIAS JOINS THE CELEBRATION OF INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES WEEK THROUGH VARIOUS INITIATIVES, INCLUDING THE PUBLICATION OF THE DOCUMENT OF THE MONTH DEDICATED TO THE POWER OF ITS RECORDS. THE RECORDS OF THE ARCHIVO GENERAL DE INDIAS IS MADE UP OF THE DOCUMENTS GENERATED BY THE CENTER, IN THE EXERCISE OF ITS FUNCTIONS, FROM 1785 TO THE PRESENT DAY. THROUGH THEM WE CAN ANALYZE ITS INSTITUTIONAL HISTORY AND LEARN ABOUT ARCHIVAL TASK CARRIED OUT BY ITS PROFESSIONALS. AMONG THE NUMEROUS RECORDS, WE CAN KNOW THE PARTICIPATION OF THE ARCHIVO GENERAL DE INDIAS IN THE COMMEMORATIVE ACTS OF THE IV CENTENARY OF THE "THE FIRST JOURNEY AROUND THE WORLD". ARCHIVO GENERAL DE INDIAS. ARCHIVO GENERAL DE INDIAS. ADAGI,1066 ADAGI,1066 The Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation was the first voyage around the world in human history. It was a Spanish expedition that sailed from Seville in 1519 under the command of Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese, in search of a maritime path from Spain to East Asia through the Americas and across the Pacific Ocean, and concluded by Spanish navigator Juan Sebastian Elcano in 1522. -
Ferdinand Magellan: Main Idea and Supporting Detail Sentences Name: ______
Ferdinand Magellan: Main Idea and Supporting Detail Sentences Name: _________________________ Below are three headings at the beginnings of paragraphs. Below the chart are the associated supporting detail sentences. Which sentences would appear under which heading? Use the numbers before the sentences so you don’t have to write the entire sentence. Order matters! The Voyage Begins Trouble in the Pacific Return Trip 1. As the expedition passed through the straits, it entered the vast Pacific Ocean. 2. Only two of Magellan’s original ships and 47 men remained; they still had thousands of miles to sail before reaching Spain. 3. On September 20, 1519, Magellan and 237 crew members set sail on five ships from Sanlucar de Barrameda in the hopes of finding a shortcut to the Spice Islands. 4. On March 6, the ships finally reached land—the Pacific island of Guam 5. Things got worse before they got better: the crew suffered from extreme hunger and was forced to survive by eating rats, sawdust, leather, and even maggots while floating endlessly in the Pacific Ocean. 6. Finally, on September 8, 1522, the Victoria made it back to Spain with only 18 men surviving, hence completing the first circumnavigation of the world. 7. After the death of Magellan, Juan Sebastian del Cano took control of the ship and endeavored to return home to Spain. 8. After three long months of sailing the Atlantic, Magellan and his crew anchored near Rio de Janeiro in the present-day South American nation of Brazil. 9. In October of 1520, Magellan and his crew crossed the treacherous straits at the tip of South America, which became known as the Straits of Magellan. -
The Global Economic Impact of the Magellan-Elcano Voyage
HERITAGE The Global Economic Impact WASHINGTON, D.C. of the Magellan-Elcano Tue, October 29, 2019 Voyage 11:00 am – 12:00 pm Venue Rayburn House Office Building, Room 2325, 50 Independence Ave. SW, Washington DC, 20215 View map Admission Free, RSVP required at [email protected] Credits Presented by the Congressional Friends of Spain Caucus, the Embassy of Spain in Washington, D.C., the Embassy of Portugal in Washington, D.C., the Congressional Portuguese Caucus and the Cultural On the occasion of the 500th anniversary of the first Office of the Embassy of Spain in Washington, D.C.. Image from the circumnavigation, Larrie Ferreiro, Ph.D and Adjunct Professor Biblioteca Nacional de España at George Mason University, talks about the global economic impact of the Magellan-Elcano Voyage. In 2019 Spain is celebrating the 5th centenary of the first circumnavigation of the Earth made by Ferdinand Magellan’s and Sebastián Elcano’s expedition. On August 10, 1519, 250 men set sail from the port of Seville aboard five ships called Santiago, San Antonio, Trinidad, Concepción and Victoria. The expedition, known as the Armada of the Moluccas, was led by Ferdinand Magellan and its aim was to find the unknown passage between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans and reach the Spice Islands (as the Moluccas were then known) by sailing westwards. The expedition sailed along the Atlantic coast of South America as far as the unexplored southernmost tip, discovered the legendary passage between the two oceans, crossed the Pacific for the first time in history and reached the Moluccas, its intended destination. -
Early Life Circumnavigation Trouble in the Pacific Ocean
Fact or Fiction? Name: _________________________ Below is a passage on Ferdinand Magellan. On the following page is a chart with ten statements. Indicate whether each statement is fact or fiction. Early Life Ferdinand Magellan was born in Sabrosa, Portugal, in 1480 into a noble family. After serving as a court page for two years, his adventurous spirit led him to a career as an explorer. In 1506, Magellan went to the Spice Islands (Indonesia) to participate in several military and exploratory expeditions. In 1510, he was promoted to the rank of captain. In 1512, he was stationed in Morocco and made preliminary plans to find a western shortcut to the Spice Islands. Unfortunately, Portugal’s king, Emmanuel, refused to finance his journey, and in 1517, Magellan renounced his Portuguese citizenship. He promptly offered his services to King Charles I of Spain. Charles I agreed to finance Magellan’s trip in the hopes of becoming the king of the richest nation in the world. Circumnavigation On September 20, 1519, Magellan and 237 crew members set sail on five ships from Sanlucar de Barrameda in the hopes of finding a shortcut to the Spice Islands. After three long months of sailing the Atlantic, Magellan and his crew anchored near Rio de Janeiro in the present-day South American nation of Brazil. After trading with local natives, Magellan and his men quickly set sail again, ever worried about the threat of Portuguese ships. As the expedition continued, the weather got worse, and several crew members were executed for trying to take over the ship. -
183 Cyclotronic Life
TTHHEE PPUUZZZZLLIINNGG SSIIDDEE OOFF CCHHEESSSS Jeff Coakley CYCLOTRONIC LIFE Around the World in 1123 Days number 183 October 31, 2019 This column concludes our series on Cyclotronic Lives. The side theme is one of history’s strangest stories, the first circumnavigation of the globe and the last voyage of Ferdinand Magellan. Cyclotron 79 w________w áwdqdwdw4] à0k4whw0w] ßw0wdwhw0] Þdw0wGwdP] ÝwdQdwdwd] ÜdwHwdNdw] ÛP)Pdw)wd] ÚdwIRdwdw] wÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈw Cycle three pieces so that Black is in checkmate. (See rules on next page.) CYCLOTRONS Switch the position of three pieces so that Black is in checkmate. No actual chess moves are made. The pieces simply swap squares. The pieces trade places in a “cycle”. Piece A goes to square B, piece B goes to square C, and piece C goes to square A. Any three pieces can trade places. Colours do not matter. The cycled pieces can be all white, all black, or a mix of both. Cycling the black king is a common trick. The position after the cycle must be legal. This rule implies several things. a) Pawns cannot be on the 1st or 8th rank. b) Both kings cannot be in check. c) There must be a way to reach the position with a legal white move. Impossible checks, especially double checks, are a frequent “violation”. d) In some cases, retrograde analysis is required to decide if the position after a cycle is legal. Five ships set sail from Spain in August 1519 under the command of Ferdinand Magellan. On board for the journey around the world were 270 brave souls. -
Medieval Traditions of Othering / Cartografiando El
Vegueta. Anuario de la Facultad de Geografía e Historia 18, 2018, 119-131 ISSN: 1133-598X Mapping the ‘New World’: Medieval Traditions of Othering1 Cartografiando el« Nuevo Mundo»: tradiciones medievales de otredad Pedro Martínez García Universidad Rey Juan Carlos http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1790-4108 [email protected] Recibido: 27-07-2017; Revisado: 16-12-2017; Aceptado: 18-12-2017 Abstract In 1562, 70 years after Columbus’s landing in Guanahaní the cartographer Diego Gutiérrez together with the engraver Hieronymus Cock elaborated one of the first scale wall maps of America. Despite the time elapsed since the «Discovery» the «new world» remains populated with fantastic creatures and monstrous beings which eventually will be incorporated to the European perception of the Atlantic world and its backyards. In the present paper, I will present three fundamental images used in this map to enlighten and depict the identity of some of the regions newly incorporated into the imaginary of the early modern European world. Keywords: Cartography, Alterity, Travel, Atlantic World. Resumen En 1562, 70 años después de que Colón desembarcara en Guanahaní, El cartógrafo Diego Gutiérrez y el grabador Hieronymus Cock elaboraron uno de los primeros mapas a escala de América. A pesar del tiempo transcurrido desde el «descubrimiento» el «nuevo mundo» seguirá poblado de seres fantásticos y monstruosos que se incorporarán a la percepción europea del nuevo espacio atlántico y de su transpatio americano y africano. En este artículo presentaré a modo de microhistorias tres imágenes fundamentales del mapa (gigantes, caníbales y rinocerontes) usadas para ilustrar la identidad de algunas las regiones recién incorporadas al imaginario europeo de la Baja Edad Media y de comienzos de la modernidad. -
Una Aproximación Al Relato De Maximiliano De Transilvano Sobre El Descubrimiento Del Estrecho De Magallanes Orbis Tertius
Benites, María Jesús "La mucha destemplanza de la tierra": Una aproximación al relato de Maximiliano de Transilvano sobre el descubrimiento del Estrecho de Magallanes Orbis Tertius 2013, vol. 18 no. 19, p. 200-207 CITA SUGERIDA: Benites, M. J. (2013). "La mucha destemplanza de la tierra": Una aproximación al relato de Maximiliano de Transilvano sobre el descubrimiento del Estrecho de Magallanes. Orbis Tertius, 18 (19), 200-207. En Memoria Académica. Disponible en: http://www.memoria.fahce.unlp.edu.ar/art_revistas/pr.6000/pr.6000.pdf Documento disponible para su consulta y descarga en Memoria Académica, repositorio institucional de la Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación (FaHCE) de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Gestionado por Bibhuma, biblioteca de la FaHCE. Para más información consulte los sitios: http://www.memoria.fahce.unlp.edu.ar http://www.bibhuma.fahce.unlp.edu.ar Esta obra está bajo licencia 2.5 de Creative Commons Argentina. Atribución-No comercial-Sin obras derivadas 2.5 “La mucha destemplanza de la tierra”: una aproximación al relato de Maximiliano de Transilvano sobre el descubrimiento del Estrecho de Magallanes María Jesús Benites O rbis Tertius, 2013, XVII (19), 200-207. ISSN 1851-7811 http://www.orbistertius.unlp.edu.ar DOSSIER Discursos coloniales hispanoamericanos: la literatura y sus límites “La mucha destemplanza de la tierra”: una aproximación al relato de Maximiliano de Transilvano sobre el descubrimiento del Estrecho de Magallanes por María Jesús Benites (Universidad Nacional de Tucumán – CONICET) RESUMEN Una de las empresas más emblemáticas en la historia del descubrimiento, conquista y colonización del Nuevo Mundo es la que comanda Hernando de Magallanes y concluye Sebastián Elcano en procura de encontrar una nueva ruta hacia las islas Molucas, paraíso de la especiería. -
Making the First Global Trade Route: the Southeast Asian Foundations
MAKING THE FIRST GLOBAL TRADE ROUTE: THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN FOUNDATIONS OF THE ACAPULCO-MANILA GALLEON TRADE, 1519 - 1650 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAIʻI AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY AUGUST 2014 By Andrew Christian Peterson Dissertation Committee: Matthew Romaniello, Chairperson Fabio López-Lázaro Vina Lanzona Kieko Matteson Cynthia Franklin Keywords: Manila Galleon, Philippines, Pacific Ocean, Indios, Spanish Empire ©Andrew Christian Peterson, 2014 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost, thanks are due to those I have worked with at the University of Hawaii, including professors Matthew Romaniello, Kieko Matteson, Vina Lanzona, Fabio López-Lázaro, Cynthia Franklin, Leonard Andaya, and the late Jerry Bentley. Jerry Bentley and his world history program were what lured me to study at UH and my years working under him, while few, were tremendously rewarding. The World History program at Hawaii proved to be a dynamic intellectual community that aided me in more ways that can be counted. My interest in the Acapulco-Manila galleon trade began back in 2007 at San Diego State University while working under David Christian and Paula De Vos, both of whom helped me set the groundwork for this study as an MA thesis. Researching this project would not have been possible without the resources made available to me by the staff of the Ayer Collection at the Newberry Library in Chicago, Illinois. Thanks are also due to the staff members of the Pacific Collection at the University of Hawaii’s Hamilton Library, the Hatcher Graduate Library at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and the Latin American Collection at the University of Florida. -
Early Life Circumnavigation Trouble in the Pacific Ocean
Sequencing the Life of Ferdinand Magellan Name: _________________________ Instructions: Read the narrative on Ferdinand Magellan. Then, sequence the events from earliest to latest. Early Life Ferdinand Magellan was born in Sabrosa, Portugal, in 1480 into a noble family. After serving as a court page for two years, his adventurous spirit led him to a career as an explorer. In 1506, Magellan went to the Spice Islands (Indonesia) to participate in several military and exploratory expeditions. In 1510, he was promoted to the rank of captain. In 1512, he was stationed in Morocco and made preliminary plans to find a western shortcut to the Spice Islands. Unfortunately, Portugal’s king, Emmanuel, refused to finance his journey, and in 1517, Magellan renounced his Portuguese citizenship. He promptly offered his services to King Charles I of Spain. Charles I agreed to finance Magellan’s trip in the hopes of becoming the king of the richest nation in the world. Circumnavigation On September 20, 1519, Magellan and 237 crew members set sail on five ships from Sanlucar de Barrameda in the hopes of finding a shortcut to the Spice Islands. After three long months of sailing the Atlantic, Magellan and his crew anchored near Rio de Janeiro in the present-day South American nation of Brazil. After trading with local natives, Magellan and his men quickly set sail again, ever worried about the threat of Portuguese ships. As the expedition continued, the weather got worse, and several crew members were executed for trying to take over the ship. Others were starving or suffering from frostbite.