Megalechis Picta

istributio First record of (Müller and Troschel, 1849) D (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) in the upper Rio Paraná basin, 1* raphic g Brazil 2 1,3 eo Luiz Fernando Caserta Tencatt , Weferson Júnio da Graça and Carla Simone Pavanelli G n o

1 Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Coleção Ictiológica do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. 2 Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia e Coleção Ictiológica do Núcleo de Pesquisas em otes

N Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. 3 Universidade Estadual de Maringá,[email protected] Coleção Ictiológica do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura e Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ecologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Megalechis picta

Herein we report the first record of in the upper Rio Paraná basin based in a single specimen captured in the Corumbá IV Reservoir, Rio Paranaíba drainage, State of Goiás, Brazil. Additional discussion about geographic distribution of congeners is also provided.

Megalechis M. personata M. Callichthyidae is composed by catfishes with two Valenciennes,thoracata M. 1840, picta rearranged species, longitudinal series of lateral plates and harbors about considering Megalechis as junior-synonymMegalechis picta of 200 valid species, being currently allocated in two and as a valid species, also providing a subfamilies, CallichthyinaeCallichthys and CorydoradinaeDianema (Reis new diagnosis to species. is 2003; EschmeyerHoplosternum 2013). CallichthyinaeLepthoplosternum comprehends etdistributed al over Amazon and Orinoco river basins, as well five valid genus,Megalechis Scopolli, 1777, as coastal rivers of the Guianas and northern Brazil (Reis Cope, 1871, Gill, 1858, Aspidoras . 2005). Through the analysis of a single specimenM. picta Reis, 1997Corydoras and Reis, 1997 (Reis Scleromystax1998; 2003) captured in the region of Corumbá IV Reservoir, affluent of and Corydoradinae three valid genus, Ihering, the Rio Paranaíba, State of Goiás,Megalechis a first record picta for 1907, Lacépède,Hoplosternum 1803 and in the upper Rio Paraná basin is stated herein. Günther,Lepthoplosternum 1864 (Britto, 2003). Megalechis Reis (1997) conducted a The unique specimen of (Figure taxonomicMegalechis review of , describing two new 1) was collected by Roberto Leandro da Silva (Systema genera, and , and three new Naturae Consultoria Ambiental), 12/15/2006, in the species. is clearly distinguished from the othervs. Corumbá IV Reservoir, at the Rio Corumbá, tributary to Callichthyinae by possessing the unique combination the Rio Paranaíba, geographic coordinates 16°18’48” of features: first soft ray of dorsal fin unbranched ( S, 48°11’39” W, upper Rio Paraná basin, State of Goiás, branched); anal fin with an additional unbranched ray; Luziânia municipality, and hosted in the Coleção Ictiológica caudal fin truncated;Hoplosternum and athoracatum very elongated pectoral-fin do Nupélia, NUP 8787, 1, 170.0 mm of standardet al length spineMegalechis in adult males (Reis 1997). That authorM. personata allocated (SL), available at: http://peixe.nupelia.uem.br.M. picta at the upper The Rio speciesParaná the former M. thoracata species group in identification was performed following Reis . (2005). et, whichal. became composed by A map with the record of o (Ranzani,Callichthys 1841) and thoracatus (Valenciennes,Callichthys 1840). longifilis basin is provided (Figure 2). Fishes were collected with Reis (2005) after analyzing the holotypes permission of the Agência Goiana de Meio Ambiente ‒ n of and 40/2006.

Figure 1. Megalechis picta

Specimen of , NUP 8787, 170.0 mm SL, collected in Corumbá IV Reservoir. 1081 Tencatt et al. | Megalechis picta in the upper Rio Paraná basin

Megalechis picta Megalechis et is native from AmazonM. and picta Orinoco in the andal none specimen of was captured. The river basins, as well as coastalMegalechis rivers of thoracata the Guianas and list of collected species was published by Pavanelli northern Brazil. ThisM. ispicta the first record of . (2007) and the vouchers are housed in the Nupélia’s upper Rio Paraná basin. can vs. be etfish al collection. The Rio Paranaíba basin has several distinguished from by the smaller dorsal-fin spine, endemic species (see Pavanelli and Britski 1999; Silveira generally higheret al. number ofM. anal-fin thoracata rays (six, rarely five . 2008), however, there are recent mentionsi.e. Cichla on the five, rarely four) and mainly by the color pattern of caudal occurrenceLeporinus of macrocephalus some introduced species, especially those fin (see Reis 2005). M.In picta the base of caudal- with importanceGymnotus in fishing or aquaculture ( spp. fin displays a whitish band and the remaining part is dusky Xiphophorusand hellerii Garavello andPoecilia Britski, reticulata 1988), or black spotted, while presents caudal-fin base live-bait ( spp.) or aquarium specimens, such as blackened, with a conspicuous dark bar in the middle and et al Heckel, 1848 and the distal borderet al. also blackened, the regions between the Peters, 1859, which are typically captured in abundance. blackened bands are clearly whitish yellow. Zawadzki . (2008) alsoHypostomus reported some faveolus sporadic non- Langeani M. (2007) personata provided (=M. thoracataa list of species for theet native species in the Rio Meia Ponte, affluent to the Rio upperal Rio Paraná basin and mentioned the non-nativeM. ParanaíbaPterygoplichthys as well, such as: joselimaianus Zawadzki, occurrencepersonata of e.g, see Reis et theBirindelli and Lima, 2008, from XinguHyphessobrycon and Tocantins moniliger rivers al.. 2005 for more details). Other studies also listedet al. basins; (Weber, 1991) from in theet al. upper Rio Paranáet al. basin ( . Castro Rio Tocantins basin; and M picta in et al. 2004; Perez-Júnior and Garavello 2007; Apone Moreira, Lima and Costa, 2002 from the Tocantins and 2008; Oliveira 2009). Castro (2004) Megalechisand Apone upper Tapajós rivers basins. The occurrence of . (2008) provided photographs of the speciesM. thoracata making the Rio Corumbáet al. can be attributedM. to picta its use as live bait for possible toet confirm al. the identification of the M angling or its release in the river by a fishkeeper. Recently, capturedpersonata in (= those M studiesthoracata that are certainly . Ferreira (2011) registered in a tributary to Langeani (2007) attributed the occurrence of . the Rio Araguaia, relatively near to the region of the upper . ) in the upper Rio Paraná Rio Paraná tributaries in Goiás State, being possible that to the building of the Itaipu dam, which submerged the occurrence of this species is due to transpositions the Sete Quedas Falls and provided a mix between the between those basins. Currently, it is merely speculative ichthyofaunas from upper and middle Rio Paraná basins. to say whether the species was able to establish itself in Nevertheless, that species does not occur naturally in the the basin or what could be the impact on the wildlife of middle or lower Rio Paraná basins, where it was possibly the Rio Corumbá. Despite of that, this note intends introduced due being used as live bait. in the Rio rather to call attention that species introductions and Nupélia’s fish collectionMegalechis received several specimens transpositions between basins, deliberated or not, collected by Furnas staff in the 1970’s decade which have been more and more common, in most Corumbá and none specimen was found. cases may have a damaging effect on native wildlife. We Additionally, during five years (1996-2000) Nupélia staff strongly recommend that this kind of action be severely performed fish samples in the Corumbá Reservoir area discouraged.

Figure 2. Megalechis picta

Map showing the sample site of (NUP 8787), the Corumbá IV Reservoir, upper Rio Paraná basin (red star). 1082 Tencatt et al. | Megalechis picta in the upper Rio Paraná basin

Acknowledgments:

Megalechis picta The authors are grateful to the Nupélia for Pavanelli, C.S., W.J. da Graça, C.H. Zawadzki, H.A. Britski, H.A. Vidotti, G.S. providing logistical support. To Roberto Leandro da Silva for the donation AvelinoCheck and S. List Veríssimo. 2007. Fishes from the Corumbá Reservior, of specimen. The Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Paranaíba River drainage, upper Paraná River basin, State of Goiás, Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) provided fellowships to LFCT. The Brazil. 3(1): 58-64. Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Perez-Júnior, O.R.Iheringia and J.C. Garavello. 2007. Ictiofauna do Ribeirão do Literatureand Fundação Cited Araucária provided grants to CSP and WJG, respectively. Pântano, aﬂuente do Rio Mogi-Guaçu, Bacia do Alto RioHoplosternum Paraná, São Paulo, Brasil. série Zoologia 97(3): 328-335. Reis, R.E. 1997. Revision of the NeotropicalIchthyological genus Exploration of Apone, F., A.K. Oliveira and J.C. BiotaGaravello. Neotropica 2008. Composição da ictiofauna Freshwaters(Ostariophysi: Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) with the description of do rio Quilombo, tributário do rio Mogi-Guaçu, bacia do alto rio two new genera and three new species. Paraná, sudeste do Brasil. 8(1): 93-107. 7(4): 299-326. Zoological Journal Britto,Proceedings M. R. 2003. of Phylogeny the Academy of the of Naturalsubfamily Sciences Corydoradinae of Philadelphia Hoedeman, Reis,of R.E. the Linnaean 1998. Anatomy Society and phylogenetic analysis of the neotropical 1952 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae), with a definition of its genera. callichthyid catfishes (Ostariophysi, Siluriformes). In 153: Check List of the Freshwater 124: Fishes105-168. of South and Central America 119-154. Reis, R.E. 2003. Family Callichthyidae (armored catfishes); p. 291-309. Castro, R.M.C., L. Casatti, H.F. Santos, A.L.A. Melo, L.S.F. Martins, K.M. . R.E. Ferreira, F.Z. Gibran, R.C. Benine, M. Carvalho, A.C. Ribeiro, T.X. Abreu, Reis, S.O. Kullander,Megalechis and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (ed.). Porto Alegre, Edipucrs. F.A. Bockmann, G.Z.P. Dardis, R. Stopiglia and F. Biota Langeani. Neotropica 2004. Reis,Copeia R.E., P.Y. Le Bail and J.H.A. Mol. 2005. New arrangement in the Estrutura e composição da ictiofauna de riachos da bacia do Rio synonymy of Reis, 1997 (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae). Grande, no Estado deCatalog São Paulo, of Fishes Sudeste do Brasil. 2005(3):Characidium 678-682. xanthopterum 4(1): 1-12. Silveira, L.G.G., F. Langeani, W.J. da Graça, C.S. Pavanelli and P.A. Buckup. Eschmeyer, W.N. 2013. . Electronic database accessible 2008:Neotropical Ichthyology (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: at http://research.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/ Crenuchidae): a new species from the central Brazilian Plateau. fishcatmain.asp. Captured on 25 March 2013. Hypostomus 6(2): 169-174. Ferreira,Biota E., Neotropica J. Zuanon, G. Santos and S. Amadio. 2011. The fish fauna of the Zawadzki, C.H., J.L.O. Birindelli and F.C.T. Lima. 2008. A new pale-spottedNeotropical Parque Estadual do Cantão, Araguaia River, State of Tocantins, Brazil. Ichthyologyspecies of Lacépède (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from 11(2): 277-284. the rio Tocantins and Xingu basins in central Brazil. Langeani, F., R.M. Corrêa e Castro, O.T. Oyakawa, O.A.Biota Shibatta, Neotropica C.S. 6(3): 395-402. Pavanelli and L. Casatti. 2007. Diversidade da ictiofauna do alto Rio Paraná: composição atual e perspectivas futuras. 7(3): 181-197. Oliveira, A.K., F. Apone, J.L.O. BirindelliCheck and List O.R. Perez Jr. 2009. Fish, tributaries of middle Rio Mogi Guaçu, upper rio Paraná basin, São SteindachnerinaPaulo state, Southeastern Brazil. 5(3): 488-494. Pavanelli, C.S. and H.A. Britski. 1999. DescriptionIchthyological of a new Exploration species of Received: April 2013 Freshwaters (Teleostei: Characiformes: Curimatidae) from Accepted: September 2013 the upper Rio Paraná basin, Brazil. Published online: October 2013 10(3): 211-216. Editorial responsibility: Tiago Pinto Carvalho

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