MONDAY, JANUARY 12, 2015 2:32 P.M. SPEAKER SILVER: The House will come to order. Reverend Johnson will offer a prayer. REVEREND DR. DAMONE PAUL JOHNSON: To You, Oh God, be the glory for the things thou hast done. Oh Gracious and Almighty God, thou who has created us and called us into existence. Thou who in thy infinite wisdom has placed in us a soul that cannot rest until it rest in thee. To You, Oh Creator, we come just now to acknowledge Your presence and humbly bow before thee to seek thy divine guidance for this august Body of leaders. We are reminded in thy word that if we ask, it shall be given. If we seek, we shall find. If we knock, doors shall be opened onto us. Lord, we ask that a new spirit of unity, not sameness, permeate this group. Let them know that we all are one in Your spirit, yet this oneness cannot be made manifest until we each attune 1 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 ourselves to thee. Lord, we further ask that each will be granted the undeniable courage and grade of intellect that will cause them to boldly go forth to do the things that will transform hope into achievement and will challenge them to move beyond mere perfunctory acts of lawmaking to serious legislation that will effectuate change on the drug scene, unemployment, corruption in high places, aid to the homeless and have justice to truly roll down like a mighty stream. Lord, we now knock at your door of wisdom. Begin now to close the gaps in humanity so that we all may see sparks of divinity in each other. Then, and only then, will we be able to understand and appreciate and witness the joy, the peace, the contentment that thou hast promised. Lord, now let the words of each person's mouth, the meditations of each person's heart be acceptable in thy sight, Oh Lord our strength and our Redeemer. In thy holy name, we pray. Amen. SPEAKER SILVER: Visitors are invited to join the Members in the Pledge of Allegiance. (Whereupon, Speaker Silver led visitors and members in the Pledge of Allegiance.) SPEAKER SILVER: A quorum being present, the Clerk will read the Journal of Friday, January 9th. Mr. Morelle. MR. MORELLE: Mr. Speaker, I move to dispense with the further reading of the Journal of Friday, January 9th, and ask that the same stand approved. 2 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

SPEAKER SILVER: Without objection, so ordered. Mr. Morelle. MR. MORELLE: Thank you, Mr. Speaker. As the Members are aware, this is our traditional opening day of the 2015 Session. Today we will have comments by you, Mr. Speaker, followed by brief comments by myself and the Minority Leader. Immediately following our remarks, Mr. Kolb and I will formally introduce the newest members of our Chamber. While I would ask that we save other introductions until after we greet our new colleagues, I would ask you to please now recognize Mr. McDonald for the purpose of an introduction. SPEAKER SILVER: Mr. McDonald. MR. MCDONALD: Thank you, Mr. Speaker. It is my honor and privilege to introduce to the congregation Pastor Dr. Damone Paul Johnson, who is the Senior Pastor of the Metropolitan New Testament Mission Baptist Church here in Albany, specifically in historic Arbor Hill, on Second Street. It should be noted that as much as Dr. Johnson's ministry is in my Assembly District, he resides a few blocks north in Member Fahy's district. And it should also be noted that our longtime Executive Assistant to the Speaker, Anita Wilson, is one of the parishioners, members of the clergy. Dr. Johnson, who started the ministry back in 2003, has been delivering the preached word for over 17 years and remains focused on ministry growth and outreach. Dr. Johnson has a special 3 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 heart for young people and enjoys encouraging them to higher standards and expectations. I will close with his favorite scripture, which he shares quite often with the congregation, which is Romans 8:28. "All things work together for good to them that love God and are called according to his purpose." Please welcome Pastor Johnson to the Chamber. Thank you. SPEAKER SILVER: On behalf of Assemblyman McDonald, myself, Assemblywoman Fahy and all the members, we welcome you, Reverend Johnson, thank you for your prayer, and extend the privileges of the floor and hope you enjoy the proceedings. Thank you very much for joining us here today. (Applause) Minority Leader Kolb, Majority Leader Morelle, Chairman Farrell, Members of the Assembly, distinguished guests, staff, interns, faculty, ladies and gentlemen, allow me to begin the 238th Legislative Session by extending to you, my colleagues on both sides of the aisle, to our staffs and to all of our guests seated here today, my heartfelt wish that 2015 be a year of good health and good will to each and every one of you. Before Majority Leader Morelle and Minority Leader Kolb fully introduce the 17 members of the Assembly Class of 2015, let me take this opportunity to personally welcome each and every one of our new colleagues to this, the People's House of the New York 4 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

State Legislature. To your families and friends who are here today, may I say how delighted we are to be celebrating this momentous occasion with all of you. Please remember, you will always be welcome in this Chamber. To our new members let me say this: Many yearn for public life, but with that comes the critical responsibility of earning the people's trust. Having the courage and the skill to lead and to represent means making a positive difference in the lives of others. It is why we serve. It is why we continue to serve. We deeply respect and heartily commend your decision to embrace and to immerse yourself in this noble pursuit. Remember this: The authors of our Constitution believed it was essential to have citizens from all walks of life coming to Albany, bringing their unique experiences and expertise to the work of this House, and then returning home to live by the same laws they helped to promulgate. As this Session proceeds, I urge you to get to know the diverse collection of citizen leaders who are serving with you. There is a tremendous amount of life experience, academic knowledge and wisdom in this Body, not to mention compassion, determination and good will. Also remember that the men and women who have served in this House over the past 238 legislative sessions accepted the challenges thrust on them by war and terrorism, by epidemic and natural disaster, by economic and social upheaval. With great character, passion and sacrifice, they accepted those challenges and made critical decisions, as history tells us in the beauty and full exchange of concepts and proposals. 5 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

I expect that we will address the challenges before us with the same dignity and civility, with respect for this House and with respect for each other. And we will address the challenges before us in a more efficient and effective manner. Last year, we advanced a constitutional amendment to allow the use of electronic documents to age bills in our Chamber. Thanks to the voters' overwhelming support, the amendment passed, and the Legislature will be taking the historic step forward that will enable us to use computer tablets in this Chamber. Our technical staff has already completed much of the infrastructure work necessary to implement our electronic Chamber project. It is a significant change, and we will need to amend our rules to account for the use of electronic documents. I am appointing a bipartisan working group to be led by Majority Leader Joe Morelle to commit to completing this project as soon as practicable, hopefully within the next few weeks. In his inaugural address, the Governor noted that there are now 7.6 million jobs in New York; more jobs than ever existed in our State. The Governor also acknowledged that while the economy is improving for some, many are struggling with the chronically high poverty and a minimum wage that is, in his words, insufficient. He said that the wealth gap is feeding national discord, and that today, fairness and opportunity are in doubt. The Governor is right. His father was right when he made that same point in his famous "Tale of Two Cities" speech in 1984. The Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was right when he called economic injustice 6 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 the inseparable twin of racial injustice. Franklin Delano Roosevelt was right when he warned that a democracy is not safe when private power becomes stronger than the democratic state itself. Plutarch, the ancient Greek philosopher, was right when he warned thousands of years ago that an imbalance between rich and poor is the most fatal ailment of all republics. And we are right in the fight for the Marriage Equality Act, for repeal of the Rockefeller Drug Laws, for a State commitment to universal pre-k, for the legalization of medical marihuana. We were fighting for fairness. And in the fights for a higher minimum wage, stronger rent laws, the DREAM Act, GENDA and women's equality, including the right to reproductive freedom, we are fighting for fairness. (Applause) And the fights for State budgets that ease the burdens on working families that ensure our least fortunate and most vulnerable receive the care and dignity they need and deserve. That we provide the resources to give each and every child a quality, well- rounded education, and each and every New Yorker -- (Applause) -- access to the health care they need. On all of these issues and more, we are taking on the real doubts and the real challenges facing real New Yorkers, and striving to give them the fairness that they deserve. Our continuing challenge is to keep pushing New York forward, to keep improving, to keep gaining ground, to find the next foot hole, and to keep reaching upward. 7 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

In this new year and new Legislative Session, we will continue to work with the Governor, with the Minority, with our colleagues in the Senate, to knock down the barriers to injustice and bridge the gaps that divide our people. We'll begin by passing a fifth consecutive on-time budget that reflects the priorities I have just outlined. To craft this fiscally-sound and socially-responsible plan, we will be relying on our brilliant expert budget-maker, a leader who has been at the forefront of the most important battles for justice and fairness in our history, our timeless Ways and Means Chair, Denny Farrell. Thank you, Denny. (Applause) As you know, the Governor has made no secret about his desire to reform our public education system. Certainly, we will listen to his ideas, but it will not stop us from pushing for the resources that will give our children the tools they need to escape poverty and ignorance and the threat of becoming marginalized and left behind. We will continue to push for the resources, the reforms that enable our State to establish an education system that provides each and every child with the opportunity to receive the high-quality well-rounded education they need to achieve self-fulfillment and economic empowerment. (Applause) And as the nation's most progressive city struggles with the relationship between our communities and our justice system, we will conduct a series of hearings to examine the system and make 8 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 any recommended reforms to improve the way we enforce our laws and, hopefully, restore some measure of faith in our legal system. We have a lot of work to do, and all of the talent and wisdom to get it done. To my friend and colleague, Assemblymember Joe Morelle, my heartfelt thanks for once again accepting the important responsibility and the challenge of serving as Majority Leader. Joe, you are an exceptional leader and have done a remarkable job of managing the work on this floor. Certainly, you have lived up to every expectation. Our faith in you grows exponentially. (Applause) My thanks to you, Minority Leader Brian Kolb, for your leadership, and for providing the critical dialogue that is essential to our democracy. Led by the distinguished Chair of our Intern Program, Assemblymember Deborah Glick, we are joined this afternoon by our new class of Assembly interns and by two of their faculty leaders, Dr. Angela Ledford and Dr. Wesley Nishiyama. Let's give them a warm welcome as well. (Applause) And if I might, let me say how overjoyed I am to have our Parliamentarian, Carolyn Kearns, here on this -- (Applause) We are grateful to our Associate Counsel Brian Haak for his excellent work, but we're pleased that Carolyn is resuming her 9 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 duties. As it is fitting, let me close with words that our great former Governor, Governor Mario M. Cuomo, delivered from this dais back in 1993, and I quote, "We cannot make it as a people if we lose a generation of our children to drugs or to AIDS or to inadequate education, or if we are locked in combat with our neighbors on the streets of our city. We cannot make it without understanding and believing in the idea of family." He said it so eloquently. May the spirit of family and the memories of the joy and togetherness that we experienced with our loved ones during the recent holiday season inspire and guide us in our work today and throughout our Legislative Session. Thank you very much. (Applause) Mr. Morelle for a few brief remarks. MR. MORELLE: Yes. Thank you, Mr. Speaker, first of all, for your very kind introduction, and for the support and confidence you have placed in me, for your exemplary leadership of this House and for all you do for the great people of the State of New York. Let me take this moment to join the Speaker in welcoming my fellow members and all our distinguished guests, especially the families and friends who are here to share this very special day with our newest members as we begin our work. It's wonderful to have all of you with us. It is an extraordinary honor to serve as the Majority 10 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Leader of this distinguished Body, and I am grateful for the cooperation and friendship that you, my colleagues, have extended to me during the past two years. I pledge to uphold the high standards that have always been the hallmark of this hallowed Chamber. Let me also thank you, again, Mr. Speaker, for your great cooperation and support during the last two years. Let me also thank the Minority Leader, as well as Jane Corwin and Tom McKevitt for their great cooperation on behalf of all the members. So, thank you very much. And I also would like to, if I can, thank Brian Coyne, who's really the floor leader out here, and the exceptional staff at the front, Laurie and all of her staff. If we could give them a big round of applause for their great work. (Applause) As we begin the 2015 Session, we should take a moment to consider the history of this remarkable institution. We boast a proud and storied past. Since our founding in 1777, the State Assembly has been the embodiment of the democratic dream envisioned in the Declaration of Independence. We are the living example of government of, by and for the people. For nearly two and one-half centuries, this Chamber has dedicated itself to economic and social transformation, and has established New York as a progressive leader throughout our nation. Our House was home to members whose names are now part of history: Millard Fillmore, Theodore Roosevelt, Alfred E. Smith, Shirley Chisolm, Stanley Fink, and 11 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

George Pataki. Our House has also been home to hundreds of others, less well known, perhaps, but whose noble service helped create legacy that we are called upon to uphold in an increasingly difficult and challenging world. That legacy has always included a commitment to equality of opportunity for all of us privileged to call New York home. It is this basic and fundamental commitment that must guide our work and inspire us to greater heights in the weeks and months ahead. This House helped secure so much of what we take for granted today: The 40-hour work week, the minimum wage, child labor laws, and protections for collective bargaining. These efforts led former U.S. Labor Secretary Frances Perkins to conclude that our work was the turning point in American attitudes towards social responsibility. In just two short years, New Yorkers will celebrate the 100th anniversary of women's suffrage, a significant milestone for our State and for our nation. Yet, we here recognize that equal opportunity is as important an issue today as it was when Susan B. Anthony was arrested in my hometown of Rochester, New York in 1872 for attempting to vote. We must continue our commitment to the equal treatment of all people, and remain a national leader in the women's rights movement. Our work must include the protection of fundamental rights for women by addressing domestic violence, human trafficking, workplace discrimination, and a woman's right to choose. New Yorkers have always embraced people from all 12 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 walks of life and all corners of the globe. Our diversity is a point of great pride and great strength. We are all the sons and daughters of immigrants who came to this place intent on seeking better lives for their children and grandchildren, and the opportunity for better lives are promised here in New York more fully and with more passion than any other place in America. The Empire State has always been the beacon of hope and opportunity symbolized by Lady Liberty standing tall in New York Harbor. But that longstanding commitment to opportunity for all cannot and must not simply be a part of our history. The pursuit of an American life that was available for my grandparents and yours must extend to current and future generations as well. We must honor that longstanding vital commitment. Today our once strong and vibrant middle class has come under threat, and we must again provide the progressive leadership to protect our citizens by revitalizing our economy and offering support to those most in need. We must continue the fight to ensure that all New Yorkers have a fair shake and a fair shot at achieving the American Dream. Throughout our long history, the men and women who sat where you sit today established New York as a transformative and progressive leader. Over the coming months, let us seek to carry on that great tradition. I'm reminded of something that Teddy Roosevelt once said: "It is only through labor and painful effort, by grim energy and resolute courage that we move on to better things." In the days ahead, let us find inspiration in the labor and efforts that those who have come before us, and may we summon the 13 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 same energy and courage that has uplifted New Yorkers over the generations so that they and we might persevere in the face of great challenges. I look forward to working with you, Mr. Speaker, and all of my colleagues to keep the Empire State that beacon of hope and opportunity for all. Welcome to the new year, welcome to the new Session, and may God bless the New York State Assembly. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Let's get to work. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: Mr. Kolb. MR. KOLB: Good afternoon. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. Good afternoon to everyone. First of all, before I talk about official business, I would also certainly want to point out to all of our members, to all of our visitors today, that the work that we do in government is a reflection upon the people that we represent. And we all take this as serious business, for sure. But I would also like to say that I think when we reflect at the end of our days in our profession that we think about our families, and we think about all that we do with our families, with our communities throughout the State. I want to just re-emphasize the point that Mr. Speaker made a little bit earlier. We have two individuals in this Chamber today that are far more courageous, far more brave, far more resilient than one can imagine, because they fought the toughest battle and have won. I would just like to, again, acknowledge Carolyn and our own Heather Mogan for winning that fight. 14 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

(Applause) Well, it's the start of a new season, as they say, the 2015-2016 Session, and certainly, we're going to have no shortage of things to talk about, to debate about, to vote on in this Chamber and through our committee process. One might say, what's the role of the Minority in this House? Well, our role is to debate, to ask questions, to offer solutions in terms of what ails New York and what can make New York a better place to live, raise a family, have a business, and create the ultimate jobs that provide economic sustainability for our entire State. One of the things I realized recently is that sometimes we don't communicate very effectively. And one of the things I wanted to mention to all of the members in this House that you probably are not aware of is that the Assembly Republican Conference, every year, generates a series of individual member proposals and collective Conference positions on topics such as tax and mandate relief, government reform, education, agriculture, health and human services, public protection and veteran's affairs. We have published - which I'm going to make sure I distribute to each of the members - the link to over 30 pages, 30 pages of specific public policy proposals that the Assembly Republican Conference has offered, not in a partisan way, but in what we think best serves the purpose of all New Yorkers, and no one geographic location over another. This Conference has also been at the forefront when we talk about education. This past year, the Assembly Republican 15 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Conference held over 11 -- or I think it is close now to 14 public forums dealing with the issue of Common Core. All across the State, we listened to teachers, parents, students about the ineffective rollout of Common Core. And this is where government may have a great idea, but goes wrong in the implementation. But one of the things that we are very proud of is that there will be no shortage of ideas and solutions that we will offer, not -- again, regardless of what your letter is in terms of designating your party designation, but, more importantly, what we really believe can help move New York forward. Because, quite frankly, we just now dropped down in census and then we are now the fourth most populated state in the nation. That means some of the things we've got going in New York State are not working. Taxes are still too high for all families. Businesses that feel under the crush of a burdensome government, state regulatory environment that taxes, fines and harasses the very people that pay these taxes throughout the State. When we talk about local tax burden, when you look at our combined tax burden, both State and local combined, it's the highest in the country. The highest in the country. And the local tax burden is very high because of the very things that this House and the Legislature and the Governor as a whole, over time, has put the burden of unfunded mandates to school districts and municipalities, so that they are burdened with trying to pay their bills at the local level, and their only solution -- not only a solution about cost cutting, but in terms of debt that drives up the tax burden for their localities back home. 16 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

There are specific issues we have to address on the job front. Much has been trumpeted about casinos and some regions of the State looking for casinos. Well, casinos are not an answer for economic development. We need higher paying jobs throughout the State. In the biosciences, in education and health care, advanced manufacturing, technology. These are the jobs that create long-term, sustained economic growth, and we have to do more to invest in these industries and make it easier for these industries to blossom in New York State. Now, there's no doubt that there has been some success stories where there have been announcements over the last few years about this business doing this, or this business doing that, or expanding. But it's not enough. When you talk to a small business person in this State and they talk -- when they hear about START-UP NY they say, Isn't that great for a new company to get a little bit of tax benefit? But what about us? I've been around here for 40 or 50 years, paying my fair share. What about us? And, you know, the high cost of utilities. You know, even gasoline right now, we're still the highest in the country. One of the reasons is the tax burden. So, there is no shortage of things that we can work on to make this State better. And one of the things that our Conference has been absolutely committed to in all of the time that I've been here, and, hopefully, will continue going forward, is to offer specific ideas and solutions to make the State better. It's not to cast partisan hand grenades to make a point in a local newspaper, it's about specific things that we want to talk about that we'll offer. Just like we've done 17 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 in the budget process. Every year, I have sent a letter to Governor Cuomo outlining ideas that I would like to see, or our Conference would like to see him include in his budget presentation. For those that have been here for a little bit, you know that we've offered over 60 amendments to the budgets that have been put forth over the last several years. Amendments that we think will move the State forward. Hopefully, we can incorporate these in the budget process this year. So, our Conference is ready, willing and able, and prepared, with vigor and passion, to promote ideas and solutions for better public policy for this State, for this Chamber, for this Legislature, because we believe in it. We've got a broad array of talent from Buffalo to the Island. Every region in this State is represented by our members. Close to 6 million people. So, I think going forward, hopefully, that I look forward to in 2015 and 2016 is that we, us, working together with the Governor, with the Senate, will incorporate more of these ideas that will make better public policy. And the other thing I would like to just -- because I know we're going to be talking about rules changes and that in the coming weeks. But one other thing that I just want to mention is that, you know, last year there were many Assembly Democrat proposals put forth in the way of legislation in this Chamber that were co-sponsored and wanted to be co-sponsored by Assembly Republicans. I think that's a good thing. I don't think there should be any restriction about any idea, whether you're a Republican or a Democrat in terms of whether you co-sponsor a piece of legislation, 18 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 because, quite frankly, I think it's a good thing that we're sharing each other's ideas. I had a conversation with one of your members in the last couple of months about a specific bill that I had sponsored in a prior year, and they wanted to know if I would have any problem with them carrying that charge. I said absolutely not. I just want to help co-sponsor that and see if we can get that bill passed. This happens all the time in this Chamber, and we need to have it more. And all of us were independently elected to represent the districts. That's the last thing that I really want to emphasize in our Conference and this is what I emphasize in my Conference every single day, is that, sure, we're going to come to Albany and we're going to work on all the things that we're going to work on, but don't forget this: We were elected by roughly 129,000 or 130,000 people back home. They're the most important folks that we should represent, and have a voice, too. It's not about the party. It's not about a bias of any form or fashion, it's just what we will think best for the people that we represent. So, with that, Mr. Speaker, I look forward to, again, a very productive Session, and look forward to working with each and every one of you as we move forward. Thank you. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: Mr. Morelle for the purpose of the introduction of new members. MR. MORELLE: Yes. Thank you, Mr. Speaker. It is my great honor and privilege to introduce the newest Majority members of the New York State Assembly. 19 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Kimberly Jean-Pierre represents the 11th Assembly District, which includes Lindenhurst, Copiague, Amityville, Wyandanch, and West Babylon. The daughter of Haitian parents, Kimberly earned her Bachelor of Fine Arts in Creative Writing at College. She received a Master's Degree in Public Policy at Stony Brook University. Kimberly began her public service as a legislative aide in the Suffolk County Legislature. She then became the district Community Outreach Coordinator for Congressman Steve Israel. Last January, Kimberly was named Vice-President of Properties at the Town of Babylon IDA. Most recently, Kimberly became the Director for the Town of Babylon Wyandanch Resource Center. Kimberly has demonstrated a commitment to various causes including work at NYPIRG, where she led the Hunger and Homeless Campaign. She is also very involved in the Haitian-American community, and is a former Vice-President of Haitian-Americans United for Change, a community grassroots organization. After the devastating earthquake in Haiti in January of 2010, the HAUC team worked with local not-for-profits, clergy members, local businesses and various levels of government on a Haiti Relief Project as one of the lead organizations. Kimberly worked tirelessly as the coordinator of the Haiti Relief Project. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming Kimberly Jean-Pierre to our Chamber. (Applause) Todd Kaminsky represents the 20th Assembly 20 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

District, including Long Beach, Lido Beach, Oceanside, Cedarhurst, Hewlett, Woodmere, Inwood and portions of East Rockaway. Before his election, Todd spent a decade in public service as a Federal prosecutor and assistant district attorney. As an Assistant United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York, Todd specialized in prosecuting public corruption, serving as Acting Deputy Chief of the Public Integrity Section. Todd received numerous awards for his leadership and successful prosecutions, including the True American Hero Award from the Federal Drug Agents Foundation. Prior to this service, Todd worked as an assistant district attorney in the Queens County District Attorney's Office. His prosecutions focused on domestic violence, robberies, shootings and other violent crimes. As a community advocate, Todd has worked vigorously in support of the South Shore. He organized free legal clinics for those affected by Hurricane Sandy, and helped bring tens-of-thousands of dollars in relief funds to local residents. For his efforts, Todd was awarded the Community Service Award by the United States Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of New York and the Long Beach Martin Luther King Center’s Sandy Relief Service Award. Todd was born and raised in Lido Beach, New York, a graduate of the University of Michigan. Todd received his law degree from New York University’s School of Law. He and his wife, Ellen, live in Long Beach. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming Todd Kaminsky to our Chamber. 21 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

(Applause) Rodneyse Bichotte represents the 42nd Assembly District in Brooklyn, which includes the neighborhoods of Flatbush and Midwood. Rodneyse is the first Haitian-American woman elected in New York City. Born and raised in Brooklyn, public service is a lifelong commitment for Rodneyse. Since her election in 2010 as District Leader, she has used her position to facilitate and sponsor a number of community events in Flatbush, such as the first Voter's Forum, which promoted fair elections, voters' rights and voting demonstrations with the Board of Elections, annual senior luncheons and Safe Streets initiatives. Through her on-the-ground work such as delivering resources to Haiti with the Haitian-American Caucus or assisting Habitat for Humanity with President Jimmy Carter, Rodneyse takes an active role in bettering her community. Professionally, Rodneyse has worked in the fields of Secondary Education in Mathematics, Engineering, Mergers and Acquisition, Corporate Development, and Corporate and Investment Banking. She served as public school Math Teacher and member of the Teacher's Union. Rodneyse was an engineer, where she worked overseas in Japan and China and a Finance Manager. Rodneyse earned her MBA from Northwestern University, Kellogg School of Management, an MS in Electrical Engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology, a BS in Electrical Engineering from SUNY Buffalo, a BS in Mathematics in Secondary Education and a BT in Electrical Engineering, both from 22 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Buffalo State College. Rodneyse also takes time to teach Sunday School at Cornerstone Baptist Church in Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brooklyn. Please join me in welcoming Rodneyse Bichotte to our Chamber. (Applause) Jo Anne Simon represents the 52nd Assembly District in Brooklyn, which includes the neighborhoods of Cobble Hill, Boerum Hill, Carroll Gardens, Columbia Waterfront, Fulton Ferry Landing, Vinegar Hill, Gowanus, DUMBO, Park Slope, Brooklyn Heights and Prospect Heights. The daughter of Italian immigrants and the first in her family to attend college, Jo Anne graduated Iona College with a Bachelor's Degree in Communication Sciences, Gallaudet University with a Master's Degree in Education of the Deaf, and Fordham University School of Law. After stints as a Judicial Law secretary and teaching in Hofstra University School of Law's clinical program, Jo Anne established a disability civil rights law firm in Downtown Brooklyn. Jo Anne is also an adjunct Assistant Professor of Law at Fordham. Since 1981, Jo Anne has made Brooklyn her home, where she has earned a reputation as an effective community leader. She served as President of the Boerum Hill Association, and chaired its Traffic and Transportation, Land Use and Atlantic Yards committees. Jo Anne was a Founder or Co-founder of numerous 23 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 organizations, including the Downtown Brooklyn Coalition, and the Association of Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD), where she also serves as General Counsel. Jo Anne is also a member of the ARISE Coalition, which seeks to improve educational and life outcomes for New York City's children with disabilities. In 2004, she was elected female District Leader and State Committeewoman for the 52nd Assembly District. Jo Anne and her husband, Bill Harris, make their home in Boerum Hill, Brooklyn. Stepson Trevor Harris and his wife, Paola Vita, live with their children Matteo and Amalia in Astoria; Stepson Bevan Harris lives in Cold Spring, New York. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming Jo Anne Simon to our Chamber. (Applause) Erik Martin Dilan represents the 54th Assembly District, which covers parts of Bedford-Stuyvesant, Bushwick, Cypress Hills and East New York. Erik is a lifelong resident of North Brooklyn. Born of Puerto Rican and African-American descent, he is the son of Martin Dilan, currently a member of the New York State Senate, and Debra Dilan. A product of New York City public schools, Erik attended St. John's University, where he received his Associate of Science in Business Administration. Prior to his election to the State Assembly, Erik was elected to and served for 12 years on the . During this tenure, he served as the chairperson for the Housing and Building Committee, chairperson of the Brooklyn Delegation, and as a member of the budget negotiating team. In these 24 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 roles, Erik set legislative priorities related to housing and construction in the City of New York. He was a point person and consensus builder for the Council’s Brooklyn Delegation on major legislative items including passage of the City budget, funding to Brooklyn cultural groups and not-for-profit organizations. While Erik was always active in his community from a very young age, he began his career in public service as a member of Community School Board No. 32. There, he was able to work with other board members to find the best educators and policies to serve the children of Bushwick. He also served on Brooklyn's Community Board No. 4. Erik currently resides in the Cypress Hills section of Brooklyn with his wife, Jannitza, and children, Daniel and Lea. Please join me in welcoming Erik Dilan to our Chamber. (Applause) represents the 55th Assembly District, which is comprised of Ocean Hill, Brownsville, Bedford-Stuyvesant, Crown Heights and Bushwick. A native of the Brownsville section of Brooklyn, Latrice is a licensed attorney. She received her early education in the New York City public schools and went on to receive her undergraduate degree from SUNY Purchase College, where she double-majored in Sociology and Political Science. She achieved her law degree from Pace University and was admitted to the New York State Bar in 2007. Assemblywoman Walker is not new to the legislative 25 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 process, having served as Counsel to U.S. Representative Yvette Clarke since 2007. She helped plan, organize and integrate the Congressional agenda to improve her community. For nearly a decade, Latrice has worked with local elected officials, supporting affordable housing while preserving and advocating for residents of the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA). Born and raised in Prospect Plaza, a NYCHA development demolished under a Federal HOPE VI grant, Latrice has experienced firsthand the effects of displacement and the need for adequate legislative representation. As an attorney, she helped tenants avoid eviction and defended young minority victims of stop-and-frisk practices. Assemblywoman Walker is active in community affairs and is a member of Wayside Baptist Church, a preeminent faith institution in her community. Latrice resides in Ocean Hill-Brownsville and is the proud mother of daughter Nile Anderson. Please join me in welcoming Latrice Walker to our Chamber. (Applause) Roxanne Persaud was elected to the Assembly this past November. She has the distinct honor of being the first female to represent the 59th Assembly District. She proudly represents neighborhoods in Canarsie, Flatlands and Georgetown, Marine Park, Bergen Beach, Mill Basin. Born in Guyana, South America, Roxanne came to the United States with her parents and siblings, where she 26 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 would later earn Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in Education Administration. Along with working in higher education institutions, Roxanne has devoted much of her time to serving her community. She has been president of the 69th Precinct Community Council in Canarsie, a member of Community Board 18 and Commissioner on the New York City Districting Commission. She is also a graduate of the NYPD Citizens Police Academy, as well as the New York City Office of Emergency Management-Community Emergency Response Team, a member of the Community Action Board of the New York City Department of Youth and Community Development, and Chairperson of the Neighborhood Advisory Board - District 18. Please join me in welcoming Roxanne Persaud to our Chamber. (Applause) was elected to represent the 60th Assembly District, which includes East New York, Starrett City and Canarsie sections in Brooklyn. Assemblyman Barron has been a community activist for over 45 years. He joined the Black Panther party in 1969 and would later join the National Black United Front (NBUF) in 1979, founding the organization's Harlem chapter. Shortly thereafter, he was appointed Chief of Staff to the Reverend Dr. Herbert Daughtry, Chairperson of the National Black United Front. From 1982 to 1987 he served as Secretary General of Reverend Daughtry's African People's Christian Organization (APCO). Charles also founded and served as CEO of the Dynamics of Leadership 27 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Corporation, and is the founding member of the East New York-based organization Operation P.O.W.E.R. (People Organizing, Working For Empowerment and Respect). In 2001 Charles was elected to the New York City Council where he served as Chair of the Committee on Higher Education for over eight years, as well as serving on the Committees on Education, Consumer Affairs, Immigration, Land Use, Planning Dispositions and Concessions and women's issues. Charles holds an Associate's Degree from New York City Community College, now known as New York Technical College, and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology with a minor in Elementary Education. He is married to our former colleague, New York City Council Member Inez Barron, and has two sons, Jelani and Jawanza. Please join me in welcoming Charles Barron to our Chamber. (Applause) Guillermo Linares is a returning Assemblyman from the 72nd Assembly District in Northern Manhattan, having previously served in the Assembly from 2011 and '12. He is proud to again represent Washington Heights, Inwood and Marble Hill. Welcome back, Guillermo. In 1991, Assemblymember Linares became the first Dominican-born individual elected to public office in the United 28 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

States. As a New York City Council member from 1992 to 2001, he advocated for quality education, vital health services, affordable housing and immigrant rights. Dr. Linares continued his work on immigration issues as Commissioner of the Mayor's Office of Immigrant Affairs from 2004 until 2009. As a former school teacher, Dr. Linares has worked to improve education in New York, including helping to establish the Community Association of Progressive Dominicans, the Puerto Rican/Latino Education Roundtable and the Parents' Coalition for Education in New York City. Dr. Linares also served as Chair of the White House Initiative for Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans. Assemblymember Linares received a Bachelor of Arts and Masters of Science degree from City College, and a professional diploma in administration and supervision from Fordham University. He earned his doctorate in education from Teachers College, Columbia University. Dr. Linares is married to a public school principal, has two children, a granddaughter and two grandsons. Please join me in welcoming Dr. Guillermo Linares back to our Chamber. (Applause) Rebecca Seawright was elected to represent the 76th Assembly District, which includes the Upper East Side, Yorkville and Roosevelt Island. Originally from Texas, Rebecca served as state director of the National Women's Political Caucus, as well as working for a Texas legislator, two congressmen and former United States 29 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Senator Lloyd Bentsen. Her role as a fundraiser for former Governor Ann Richards brought Rebecca to New York, where she later earned her law degree from CUNY Law School. Since graduating from law school, Rebecca has worked as an Assistant District Attorney in the Brooklyn District Attorney's Office and as a legal counselor to small business owners and entrepreneurs. She has also served as a member of Community Board 8 and is Chair of the Board of Directors of The Feminist Press, as well as Chair of the Board of Visitors of CUNY School of Law. Married to Jay Hershenson, Senior Vice Chancellor and Board Secretary at City University of New York, Rebecca has a daughter in high school and a son attending SUNY Albany. Please, ladies and gentlemen, join me in welcoming Rebecca Seawright to our Chamber. (Applause) was elected to represent the 77th Assembly District, which includes the communities of Claremont, Concourse, High Bridge, Mount Eden, and Morris Heights in the Bronx. A Bronx resident, Latoya graduated from the State University of New York at Stony Brook with honors with a degree in Political Science and Sociology. She worked as an intern for former Assemblymember Aurelia Greene, and was later promoted to Community Liaison in Mrs. Greene's district office. Latoya later received her law degree from the University at Buffalo Law School, where she was an associate editor of the Buffalo Journal of Gender 30 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Law and Social Policy, as well as an intern with the New York State Division of Human Rights in the Bronx. After law school, Latoya worked as a court attorney for New York City's Civil Court Judge, where she dealt with matters including commercial landlord-tenant premises liability, personal injury, consumer credit, no-fault cases and small claims. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming Latoya Joyner to our Chamber. (Applause) Michael Blake was elected to represent the 79th Assembly District, which includes the communities of Concourse Village, Morrisania, Melrose, Belmont, Claremont and East Tremont. A Bronx native, Michael is the founding principal of Atlas Strategy Group, which focuses on political and economic empowerment for communities of color. Michael's career in public service began in Chicago when he interned in the office for former state Senator Jeff Schoenberg in 2005. He then joined President Obama's organization as a participant in the “Yes We Can” political training program. He successfully co-organized three State House campaigns in the 2006 election cycle and was promoted to Director of External Affairs for the Michigan House of Representatives, serving in the Michigan Speaker of the House's cabinet. In 2007 Michael joined President Obama's presidential campaign, serving as the Iowa Deputy Political Director and Constituency Outreach Director for the Iowa caucuses. After working in seven additional states during the campaign, Michael 31 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 was named the Director of National Labor Outreach for the 2009 Presidential Inaugural Committee, and then joined the White House staff, serving as Associate Director of Public Engagement and Deputy Associate Director of the Office of Intergovernmental Affairs. During his time in the Obama Administration, Michael created the White House Urban Entrepreneurship Summit Series, which sought to foster public, private and not-for-profit partnerships and provide strategic advice to attendees. In 2012 Michael left the White House to serve as National Deputy Director of "Operation Vote" for President Obama's 2012 reelection, and later served as Senior Advisor for the Office of Public Engagement for President Obama's 2013 Presidential Inaugural Committee. A graduate of the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University, Michael is an exhorter in the African Methodist Episcopal Church and a certified lay speaker in the United Methodist Church. Please join me in welcoming Michael Blake to our Chamber. (Applause) Carrie Woerner was elected to represent the 113th Assembly District, representing towns in Saratoga and Washington Counties. Carrie is Vice President and General Manager of MeetMax Conference Software, a division of The Wall Street Transcript. She established a software division in Saratoga Springs in 2008, and has grown it at a rate of 30% annually, creating new jobs in Saratoga 32 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

County. Carrie has worked in software for nearly 30 years at firms such as Dell/Perot Systems and IBM. From 2002 to 2008 she served as Executive Director of the Saratoga Springs Preservation Foundation. In that role, she expanded membership and donations, published a walking tour guidebook, raised funds to restore the First Baptist Church and secured a $130,000 State grant to restore historic buildings in the Beekman Street Arts District. She founded the Historic Saratoga Race Track Preservation Coalition, and successfully advocated for preservation protection in the 2008 legislation related to racing in New York State. Elected Round Lake Village Trustee in 2008 and re-elected in 2010 and 2012, Ms. Woerner formed an Open Space Protection group and has proposed changes to local laws dealing with zoning and planning. Carrie is a member of the Town of Malta Planning Board, a member of the Malta Sunrise Rotary and serves on the Board of Directors of Saratoga Arts. Ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming Carrie Woerner to our Chamber. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: Mr. Kolb for the purpose of introductions. MR. KOLB: Thank you, Mr. Speaker. I would like to very happily introduce Dean Murray from the 3rd Assembly District. Dean was elected to represent the constituents of the 3rd Assembly District this past November. He 33 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 returns to the Assembly after a two-year absence. The 3rd Assembly District is comprised of parts of Suffolk County, including Medford and Mastic Beach. Since 1997, Dean has owned a Long Island-based advertising agency, D & S Advertising, Inc., which publishes the Long Island Job Finder, in addition to several other magazines and websites. Through these publications, Dean has built a successful business that employs Suffolk County residents and has helped scores of Long Islanders find good jobs and homes to call their own. The Long Island Fugitive Finder, which is distributed free of charge to the public across Long Island, has helped Suffolk and Nassau County police successfully apprehend over 1,000 criminals. Prior to Dean's career in advertising and publishing, he worked for a decade in the radio and television news industry throughout New York, Delaware, Maryland and Pennsylvania. Dean has been an active community leader in Suffolk County by volunteering for numerous organizations, including serving on the Suffolk County Workforce Investment Board as a member of the Focus East Patchogue Civics Association and the Suffolk Police Reserves, and also being a member of several Chambers of Commerce. Dean is also the proud father of his son, Anthony, who has served six years in the Air National Guard, completing two tours of duty overseas. Dean graduated from the Broadcast Institute of 34 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Maryland with honors. He's a resident of East Patchogue with his wife, Amy, their two dogs, Pete and Lola, and their cat, Hamilton. Wow. (Laughter) Please join me in welcoming Dean Murray to the New York State Assembly. (Applause) Next I would like to introduce from the 98th Assembly District, Mr. Karl Brabenec. Karl was elected to serve the constituents of the 98th Assembly District this past November. The district includes parts of Orange and Rockland Counties, which include Deerpark, Port Jervis, Greenville, Minisink, Warwick, Monroe, Tuxedo and Ramapo. In 2009, Karl was elected Deerpark Town Supervisor. Karl focused on common-sense principles to save taxpayer dollars, including improving the local business climate through zoning restriction reforms and by providing long-term financial planning and responsibility by saving reserve funds for future expenses. Karl believes in governing with integrity. He established the Town’s Ethics Committee, and dramatically expanded communication and transparency in government. Before serving as Town Supervisor, Karl formerly served as an assistant to former Orange County Executive Ed Diana. He was appointed to the Deerpark Zoning Board of Appeals and was later elected to the Deerpark Town Council in 2007. He is currently a member of the Advisory Boards for the Orange County Community Development 35 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Block Grant Program and the HOME Program to help county residents become homeowners. Karl, the son of Czech refugees, was raised in Orange County and graduated from Minisink Valley High School in 1997. He has earned his B.A. at Mount Saint Mary College and his M.P.A. from the John Jay College of Criminal Justice. Karl lives in Westbrookville, and is the proud father of son, Karl, and daughter, Kimberlee. Please join me in welcoming Karl Brabenec to our Chamber. (Applause) I would now like to welcome Mr. Peter Lawrence from the 134th Assembly District. Peter was elected to serve the constituents of the 134th Assembly District, again, this past November. His district includes the Towns of Greece, Ogden and Parma in western Monroe County. Peter has enjoyed a distinguished career in law enforcement. Peter served almost 29 years with the New York State Police, and earned the rank of Staff Inspector, assigned to the Internal Affairs Division. He retired in 2002 to accept an appointment as the U.S. Marshall for the Western District of New York by President George W. Bush. His tenure with the U.S. Marshall's Office ended in 2010. Peter is known for his civic involvement for over 30 years. He has served as a board member of New York Law 36 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015

Enforcement, Inc., which sponsors the annual State of New York Police & Fire Games. Peter has also served as assistant coach of the SUNY Brockport Wrestling Team for over 25 years, and he still assists with the college’s recruitment efforts. Peter is founder of ALS Golf Tournament, which has raised over $1.75 million to benefit patients receiving treatment at the University of Rochester Medical Center. Please join me in welcoming Peter Lawrence to our Chamber. (Applause) Peter is also very shy. (Laughter) And now please welcome Ms. Angela Wozniak from the 143rd Assembly District. Angela was elected to serve the constituents of the 143rd Assembly District this past November. The district includes the Towns of Cheektowaga and Lancaster, and the Village of Depew. Angela is no stranger to hard work. Prior to opening the Angela Wozniak Insurance Agency, Angela worked days while putting herself through night school to earn a Business Management degree from D’Youville College. Today her business provides insurance to Western New York families. In 2011 she ran for City Council -- or Town Council in the Town of Cheektowaga. And also, as a Conservative was elected in Cheektowaga. In addition, Angela is the first registered Conservative to be elected to the State Assembly in over 40 years. While in office, Angela worked to 37 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 downsize the Town Board from seven to five members, and also fought for tax reform, ethics reform, school board consolidation and term limits. Angela and her husband, Phil, own a home in Cheektowaga, where they live with their young son, Ari. Please join me in welcoming Angela Wozniak to our Chamber. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: As Speaker, it's my privilege to formally and publicly welcome our new colleagues to this Body and to extend to each of you my best wishes. I remember the first day that I entered this Chamber as a Member of the Assembly, and the swell of pride and humility and that I felt in knowing that my community had elected me to represent them here in the halls of our State government. In time, as you come to know the history of this Body, you will more fully appreciate what a privilege it is to serve in the People's House. Truly, it is a noble calling; one we commend you for answering. I know I speak for my colleagues on both sides of the aisle when I say that we look forward to working with you and to the contributions you will make to our work and to the growth of our democracy. Congratulations to all of you. (Applause) At the conclusion of this Session, I will be hosting a reception, a dessert reception, in honor of all of our new members, for all of the members and family that are here. That's in the Parlor, 38 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 across the hall and out the back door. Mr. Morelle. MR. MORELLE: Yes. Thank you, Mr. Speaker, for allowing my first interruption of the year for the purpose of an introduction. On behalf of our Deputy Speaker, Earlene Hooper, I want to acknowledge a number of special people, graduate students from Adelphi University School of Social Work, who have traveled to Albany for their annual conference which addresses social work and its relationship to legislative activities and community action. They are accompanied this afternoon by Damon Kelly, J. D., Ph.D., an adjunct professor of Adelphi University. I know Ms. Hooper was very anxious that we acknowledge these young people and their chaperone. Please, if you would extend the cordialities of the House to them, sir. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: On behalf of Ms. Hooper, myself and all the members, we welcome you to this Chamber, extend the privileges of the floor and hope you enjoy the proceedings. Thank you for joining us. (Applause) Mr. Ramos. MR. RAMOS: Mr. Speaker, I rise for the purpose of an introduction. Twelve years ago in my district, I represented a district that had very little civic engagement, very little civic participation. One of the most proudest things that I can say in my 12 39 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 years of service is that that has changed. And today I have with us a cross-section of groups within our district of organizations -- there's been a proliferation of organizations that have come about, advocating for various issues that benefit our community. So today, we have these organizations who have realized throughout the years that we do have it in our hands to promote some change. A lot of the things that prevented us from getting involved in our community was the fact that it was a community that felt they weren't able to promote change. But today we are accompanied by Legislator Monica Martinez -- (Applause) -- who several years ago realized that she had it in her hands to become the first Salvadorian-American woman elected in the history of New York State. We have the Councilwoman from the Town of Brookhaven, Valerie Cartwright, who became the first Haitian-American to be elected there. (Applause) We can hold our applause until the end. We have a long list here. So, we have Brentwood School Board President Helen Moss, who accompanies Central Islip School Board President Norman Wagner and Superintendent, Dr. Craig Carr. We have the Long Island Black Educators Association President, Brandy Scott. We have Voces Latinas President -- this is worthy of mention: A 40 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 woman who felt that she needed to organize the daycare workers in my district, she now represents an organization of 300 Latino women strong, the president, Maria Acevedo. (Applause) We have Haitian Americans United for Change, Yanick Fredrick; Haitian American Political Action Committee Board Member, Astrid Fidelia. We have the Haitian American International Chamber of Commerce President, Smith Georges; the Haitian American Veterans Association President, Carmelle Houanche; Women's Services in Suffolk County, Director Grace Ioannidis. We have Make the Road New York represented here. The Comite Salvadoreno Independiente, Amanda Garcia; International Art Focus, whose President is Sonia Ortega; Long Island Teachers' Association, Berges Escorbores; Pastor Sanfort, New Birth Evangelical Church; Young Adults Community Services Founder and Director, Prafulba Vaghela; President of the Student Government in Brentwood, Brandon Garcia; the India Association of Long Island President, Satnam Parhar. We have Wyandanch Mothers for Change; a Wyandanch Implementation Committee person; Suffolk County Department of Health, Martin Luther King Center; and Adelphi University, Ms. Suir Lee. Mr. Speaker, I ask you that you please give them a warm welcome and extend them all of the privileges of the House. (Applause) SPEAKER SILVER: On behalf of Mr. Ramos, 41 NYS ASSEMBLY JANUARY 12, 2015 myself and all of the members, we welcome this distinguished group to the Chamber, extend the privileges of the floor and hope you enjoy the proceedings. Thank you for joining us here today. (Applause) Mr. Morelle. MR. MORELLE: Thank you, Mr. Speaker. I do want to note, Mr. Speaker, that while we have many, many friends and families in the Chamber, I did not want the moment to pass without acknowledging not only a member of the New York City Council, but, more importantly, a former member of the New York State Assembly, the Honorable Inez Barron is here this afternoon. (Applause) Mr. Speaker, I would also like to remind members that tomorrow we will be taking up a resolution honoring the legacy of Governor Mario Cuomo. And with that, I now move that the Assembly stand adjourned and that we reconvene at 10:00 a.m.,Tuesday, January 13th, tomorrow being a Session day. SPEAKER SILVER: On a motion by Mr. Morelle, the House stands adjourned. (Whereupon, at 3:47 p.m., the Assembly stood adjourned until Tuesday, January 13th at 10:00 a.m., that being a Session day.)

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