March 16. 1958 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE · lean campaign of truth inside Iron Curtain LIEUTENANT certain of the provisions thereof, and it and to enlighten the American public re­ Roy E. Neufeldt was signed by the President pro tempore. garding the barbarous Soviet tactics in sub­ LIEUTENANTS (JUNIOR GRADE) jugating and destroying free nations; to speed ratification of the Genocide Conven­ Cecil G. Allison COMMITTEE MEETING DU:RING tion and to implement the ratification by de­ Richard S. Baird SENATE SESSION cisive action of the United States Govern· George G. Dunn On request of Mr. BuTLER of Maryland, ment within the United Nations to m ake John E. Fishburn lii Soviet Russia responsible for the crimes com­ Theodore E. Lide, Jr. and by unanimous consent, the Subcom­ mitted in the Baltic States and other coun· Gale W. Nuernberger mittee on Constitutional Amendments of tries behind the Iron Curtain; be it finally William J. Shoemaker the Committee on the Judiciary was au­ "Resolved, That this meeting pledge all Carlton B. Smith thorized to meet during the session of possible support of the Lithuanian Amer· ENSIGNS the Senate today, beginning at 2 o'clock. icans to the Federal Government in its efforts Daniel S. Curran to resist the evil Communist forces of ag­ Gorman L. Fisher, Jr. gression and to sustain peace and freedom . Derrell B. Hauser LITHUANIAN INDEPENDENCE-RES­ everywhere." Murray A. Luftglass OLUTION OF LITHUANIAN AMERI.. The following-named ensign of the Medi­ CANS OF MANCHESTER, N. H. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS cal Service Corps of the Navy for permanent appointment in the line: · The PRESIDENT pro ·tempore. The Petitions, etc., were laid before the Frederick J. Orrik, Jr. Chair lays before the Senate a resolu­ Senate, or presented, and referred as tion adopted by Lithuanian Americans indicated: of the city of Manchester, N.H., relating By the PRESIDENT pro tempore: CONFIRMATION to the observance of the 35th anniver­ A concurrent resolution of the Legislature Executive nomination confirmed by sary of the declaration of independence of the State of New Hampshire; to the Com· the Senate March 13, 1953: by the people of Lithuania, signed by the mittee on Finance: chairman and secretary, and sundry POST OFFICE DEPARTMENT "Be it resolved by the house of representa­ other patriotic American citizens of t i ves (the senate concurring): Ormonde A. Kieb, of New Jersey, to be an Lithuanian descent, with the request "Whereas there is definite need for prompt Assistant Postmaster General. that it be appropriately referred and and extensive correction of the critical de· ficiencies of our streets and highways in the I I printed in the REcoRD, without the signa­ •• .... interest both of our economy and our na­ tures attached. tional security; and SENATE There being no objection, the resolu­ "Whereas highways of the country, includ­ tion was referred to the Committee on ing the streets and bridges, are by tradition MoNDAY, MARCH 16, 1953 Foreign Relations and ordered to be and by law the property and responsibility printed in the RECORD, without the sig­ of the States and the subdivisions thereof; The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown natures attached, as follows: and Harris, D. D., offered the following Unanimously voted by Lithuanian Amer­ " Whereas many of the States are in need prayer: icans of the city of Manchester, N. H., at the of additional revenue for the construction observance of the 35th anniversary of the and maintenance of their highways, but are Our Father, again through sleep and declaration of independence by the people of experiencing extreme difficulty in their ef­ darkness safely brought, restore~ to life Lithuania, held at the hall, 83 Hanover forts to obtain additional revenues for high· and power and thought, we face a new Street, on the 22d day of February 1953: way purposes because of the m agnitude of day and the tasks of a new week. Wilt "Whereas in the eyes of the people around the existing overall tax burden now imposed Thou lift our duty above drudgery. Even the world, the United States has been the upon the motor-using public; and in the heat and burden of noonday's strongest champion of the oppressed; and "Whereas the Federal Government imposed "Whereas the traditional American leader­ its t axes on motor vehicles, motor fuel, lubri­ task let not our strength fail nor our ship in principles of justice, morality, and cating oil, tires and tubes, parts and ac· vision fade. Make us patient and con­ equal rights to all human beings on the earth cessories as temporary emergency measures siderate one with another in all the fret paved the way for the American supremacy during . the depression of the early 1930's, and jar of human contacts, remembering in the political, military, and economic world but h as continued these taxes in effect ever that even in the glare of public gaze each affairs which this country is today providing since at increasing rates; and fights a hard battle to maintain his in­ for the benefit of manldnd; and "Whereas taxation of motor fuel tra(:U­ "Whereas intolerable conditions which now tionally ha~ been relied upon by the States tegrity and walks a lonely way. Give us, to produce a m ajor part of the revenues 0 Lord, a reverence for truth, a deep de­ prevail in eastern and central Europe, in­ cluding Lithuania and other Baltic States, necessary to construct and maintain their sire to think and speak with utter can­ should be of greatest concern to the United highways, and that the Federal Government, dor, and a passion to hasten the day States as no peace and stability in the world by its continued intrusion in this field, has when the rule of justice and righteous­ is possible without participation of that part so increased the tax burden on the highway ness shall engirdle the earth. We ask of Europe which comprises a force of over user so virtually .to preclude further in· it in the dear Redeemer's name. Amen. 100 million people separated from the rest of creases in such taxes by the States; and the world by the Iron Curtain; and "Whereas the Governors' Conference, the "Whereas the mere denial to recognize the West ern Go ~ernors' Conference, the 11th THE JOURNAL Soviet claims of that area, when not ac­ General Assembly of the States, the Na. .. companied by any positive action on the tiona! Grange, and the American Farm -Bu­ On request of Mr. TAFT, and by unani­ part .of the United States to back its stand, reau Federation recently have urged imme­ mous consent, the reading of the Jour..; did not and will not bear the slightest effect diate repeal of the Federal gasoline tax: nal of the proceedings of Friday, March on the Kremlin masters: Therefore be it Therefore be it 13, 1953, was dispensed with. "Resolved, That we, patriotic American citi­ "Resolved, That the Legislat ure of New zens of Lithuanian descent, concerned about Hampshire urgently requests that the Fed­ security and prosperity of this great country eral Government retire immediately from the MESSAGES FROM THE PRESIDENT and over the fate of our native land, Lithu­ field of motor fuel taxation; be it further ania, now under brutal Soviet yoke, appeal to "Resolved, Messages in writing from the Pre~i­ That the Governor send copies the Government of the United States to of this resolution to the represen t atives dent of the United States submitting adopt a clear and firm foreign policy such as of our State in Washington with the request nominations were communicated to the America's leading role in the world affairs that they appear at the appropriate time Senate by Mr. Miller, one of his secre­ necessitates; to incorporate the liberation of before the appropriate committees of Con­ taries. Lithuania and other Soviet-enslaved coun­ gress for the purpose of urging t h at the tries, as an integral and inseparable part, in Federal tax on motor fuel be eliminated. the program of the United States foreign "RAYMOND K. · PURSONS, MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE­ policy; to reject any general peace settle·­ "Speaker of the House ENROLLED BILL SIGNED ment in Europe unless those countries are of R epresen tatives. A message from the House of Repre .. given an opportunity to freely choose their "LANE DWINNELL, sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, its reading own form of government under which they " Presi d ent of the Senate. wish to live; to inaugurate all suitable nreans "HUGH GREGG, clerk, announced that the Speaker had to aid liberation movements in the Soviet­ "Governor. affixed his signature to the enrolled bill enslaved countries and to enlist tJ!eir coop­ "Passed February 25, 1953. United States Senate and to the respec­ currency of the Nation it will be necessary Health Division, United States Bureau of tive houses of the legislatures of the several to return to the gold standard, with a price Mines, 428 Acheson Building, Berkeley 4, States of the United States. for gold at a comparable dollar value; and Calif., be memorialized to take whatever "Whereas our country does not have a gold steps may be necessary to secure the estab­ standard, with gold and the dollar inter­ lishment at Reno, Nev., of a mine-rescue THE AGRICULTURE PROGRAM­ changeable at a fixed ratio; and station of the United States Bureau of Mines; GREENWOOD and be it further RESOLUTION OF "Whereas the living standards of our coun­ CATTLEMEN'3 try have been lowered and are being lowered "Resolved, That copies of this resolution COUNTY New York-Ontario St. Lawrence Power need for the water and power is a pressing for other purposes, and· various substi­ application, pending before the Federal need for defense industries-: Be it tutes and amendments thereto. Power Commission, is it necessary at this Resolved, That we urge our Senators and Under the bill, a St. Lawrence Seaway time that Congress take any action with Representative to favorably support the Development Corp. would be established respect to the power project? Great Lakes-St. Lawrence seaway and power for the purpose of joining with our Seaway passage will be healthy index to project after it has been presented before Canadian good neighbor in coconstruc­ Malenkov their respective bodies for study and discus­ sion, and for the final vote on the bill; be it tion and cotitle to the seaway. . Speaking purely personally and not as fur.ther On March 8 I issued a release describ­ the committee or subcommittee chairman, Resolved, That copies of this resolution be ing these hearings and urging enact­ I believe that at the present moment, when sent to Sen~tors .ALEXANDER WILEY and Jo­ ment of the proposed .legislation. all of the eyes of the world are turned SEPH MCCARTHY, and to Representative LAW~ I ask unanimous consent that there­ toward Moscow, America could take few RENCE H. SMITH. lease, together with several resolutions more significant actions than to demon­ Respectfully submitted. which I have received from Wisconsin strate her unity with her best neighbor, Can­ ANNE UBER, ada, by immediately authorizing joint. con­ Legislative Chairman. urging the approval of the proposed leg~ struction of this mighty project. FEBRUARY 23, 1953. 1953 ·cONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE '1963 REPORT OF A COMMITTEE · S. 1331. A bill for the relief of Dr. Byron Marcy UnKauf; and Tchou. I ask unanimous consent that The following report of a committee . S. 1332. A bill for the relief of Mary Good­ a statement prepared by me pertaining was submitted: year Brown; to the Committee on the Judi· to the bill be printed in the RECORD. By Mr. LANGER, from the Committee on ciary. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The the Judiciary: By Mr. LANGER: bill will be received and appropriately H. R. 1362. A bill for the relief of Rose S. 1333. A bill to amend the Social Secu­ referred; and, without objection, the Martin; without amendment (Rept. No. 88). rity Act to permit States to enter into agree­ statement will be printed in the RECORD. ments with the Administrator to extend the Federal old-age and survivors insurance sys­ The bill sioners of the District of Columbia to fix States Code; to the Committee on the Ju­ certain licensing and registrat ion fees; to the diciary. be appointed in accordance with the civil Committee on the District of Columbia. By Mr. KERR: service laws. Furthermore, it would S. 1350. A bill for the relief of R alston Ed­ By Mr. WILEY: eliminate once and for all political pa­ ward Harry; to the Committee on Labor and tronage in the appointment of post­ S. 1325. A bill for the relief of Szjena Pel­ Public Welfare. son and David Peison; to the Committee on masters in first-, second-, and third-class the Judiciary.· By Mr. BUTLER of Maryland: S. 1351. A bill to confer jurisdiction on the post offices. I ask unanimous consent to By Mr. BRICKER: Court of Claims to hear, det ermine, and have printed in the RECORD a statement S. 1326. A bill for the relief of Montchen render judgment upon the claim of Oscar prepared by me relating to the bill. Thomas Tchou; to the Committee on the Ems de Huy; to the Committee on the Ju­ Tne PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Judiciary. diciary. (See the remarks of Mr. BRICKER when he bill will be rec~ived and appropriately By Mr. LEHMAN: referred; and, without objection, the. introduced the above bill, which appear un­ S. 1352. A bill for the relief of Siegfried der a separate heading.) Rosenzweig; to the Committee on the Judi­ statement will be printed in the REcoRo. By Mr. HUMPHR~Y: ciary. The bill the New York Times of March 7. In introducing our bill to create a tempo­ According to the New York . Times, the introduce for appropriate reference a rary bipartisan Commission on Intergovern­ Budget Bureau is preparing a series of bill to create a temporary bipartisan Na­ mental Relations, I deem it important to amendments ·to the Truman budget. These tional Commission on Intergovernmen­ face up to the issues realistically. A com­ amendments are to be transmitted separate;­ tal Relations. Members of the Senate mission can go far and can make a great ly during the course of April and May . .will recall that the bill was developed contribution but it will' provide no panacea. There is a tremendous difference between during the 81st Congress by this Sub­ We need boldness, courage, responsibility, a long-drawn-out series of disconnected committee on Intergovernmental Rela­ and a clear will if the role of our State and amendments, on the one hand, and a com­ tions, of which I was chairman. We local governments is to be strengthened and prehensive budget proposal, on 'the other if our Federal system of government is to hand. The Congress is. entitled to know at held extensive hearings and found the serve the needs of our people efficiently and an early stage in this session whether or not testimony unanimous and enthusiastic effectively. the administration · supports the Truman in support of the establishment of such proposal for expenditures totaling $78.6 bil­ a Commission. REVISED BUDGET ESTIMATES lion. I ask unanimous consent to have If tlle administration is proposing to cut printed in the RECORD a statement I have Mr. MURRAY. Mr. President, I sub­ the Truman b:Udget-and many conflicting prepared relating to the bill. mit for appropriate reference a concur­ points of view have been expressed on this The· PRESIDENT pro tempore. The rent resolution requesting the President matter by White House and congressional to transmit to the Congress revised spokesmen for the administration-how bill will be received and appropriately much will the cut be? . Will it be as large referred; and, without objection, the budget estimates. I ask unanimous as $9.9 billion, the estimated deficit in the statement will be printed in the RECORD. consent that a statement I have pre­ Truman budget, or will it be only a small The bill

continue·to re.ceive even a -basic educa­ First. Have the American correspond .. on Korea in its report menaces the ~afety tion, let alone anything higher. Con­ ent Oatis freed from the Czechoslovak · and well-being of the Republic of Korea and gress cannot and dare not ignore this prison. of the people of Korea and might lead to open military conflict there; danger much longer. Second. Have Hungary return the Noting with grave concern the armed at­ THE NEED FOR MORE TEACHERS American Air Force plane it holds. tack upon the Republic of Korea by forces On pages 9 and 10 of the report, we Third. Have Czechoslovakia give im­ from North Korea, · find the following facts concerning the mediate compensation for the Air Force Determines that this action constitutes a plane it shot down. breach of the peace, - . need for more teachers: Fourth. Have the Soviet Union com­ I. Calls for the immediate cessation of hos- From now on, until at least 1957 or 1958, pensate-insofar as compensation is pos­ tilities; and - each autumn will find hundreds of thou­ Calls upon the authorities of North Korea sands of additional children waiting before sible for the loss of human life-for the to withdraw forthwith their armed forces to the school doors of the United States. • • • American and British airmen and planes the 38th parallel; Thus, with the lower grades already shot down by Soviet planes. II. Requests the United Nations Commis­ crowded to the bursting point, the continued Fifth. Announce that forthwith the sion on Korea high birth rate will engulf an additional Soviet Union would abide by the United (a) To communicate its fully considered higher grade each year. • • • Nations action declaring North Korea recommendations on the situation with the It is estimated that the need for additional and Communist ·China the aggressors least possible delay; teachers in our schools for the year 1952-53 and in conformity with those resolutions (b) To observe the withdrawal of the North will be at least 160,000 teachers. • • • - withdraw moral and material aid to the Korean forces to the 38th parallel; and To meet this need our teacher-training (c) To keep the Security Council informed institutions have this year graduated only aggressors. on the exe<;ution of this resolution; 106,000 teachers, 96,000 at the A. B. level, and Without a demonstration that this III. Calls upon all Members to render 10,000 below degree level yet meeting certifi­ latest speech is not merely more Com­ eyery assistance to the United Nations in the cation requirements of some of the States. munist propaganda, while their plans for execution of this resolution and to refrain world conquest go on, there can hardly from giving assistance to the North Korean Co~tinuing ~o quote from the report: be any confidence in Sunday's speech. authorities. In a few years the teacher shortage now We have always known that agree­ (Voting for the resolution: China, Cuba, so acute in the elementary schools will ex­ ments could be entered into with dicta­ Ecuador, E~ypt, France, India, Norway, United tend to our high schools. The present ap­ Kingdom, United States. Abstention: Yugo­ parent oversupply of teachers in some fields torships such as the Nazi and Soviet slavia. Absent:, Soviet Union, the Soviet in the high schools is distinctly a temporary Governments providing they were of the Delegate having boycotted meetings of the phenomenon which will quickly change to Munich or Yalta variety. On such a Council since January 10, 1950.) a shortage as the present large population in basis we could not hope to maintain a the lower age groups advances upward in the free world of freemen. Mr. KNOWLAND. This resolution school system. · The United States of America and the called for the immediate cessation of hostilities and for the authorities of And what does the report say about free world must soon determine if the United Nations is to be an effective or­ North Korea to withdraw forthwith their the reasons for this disastrous shortage armed forces. It also called upon all of teachers? .On page 11 we find one of ganization for collective security and the preservation of peace with honor, or if members to render every assistance to the basic causes listed: Inadequate com­ the-United Nations in support of the res­ pensation. I read from the report : it is to be an international debating so­ ciety that plays no adequate part in olution and to refrain from giving assist­ Salaries of teachers have always been low meeting the challenge to human free­ ance to the North Korean.authorities. compared to ; other occupations requiring Two years and eight months have· education beyond the high school. In recent dom facing 'the world today. On the 25th day of June 1950, the passed, and these facts must be apparent years, however, while the educational re­ to every person who is willing to hon­ quirements for t(;laching have risen, the Shl­ North Korean Communist forces com­ estly face them: aries Qf teachers as compared with those 1n mitted aggression against the Republic most other professions and vocations wi1,h of Korea. On June 25 the United Na­ First. The North Korean Communists less exacting requirements have declint;d tions, through its Security Council, have .ignored the United Nations resolu­ even further. In many States and .commu­ passed a resolution which I ask to have tion and deliberately violated its provi- nities salaries compare .unfavorably with in­ sions. · comes in occupations requiring little or no printed at this point in my remarks. formal education beyond the elementary The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob­ Second. The Communist. Chinese re­ grades. jection? gime has ignored the resolution and has There being no objection, the resolu­ deliberately violated its provisions. I shall not quote further from this tion was ordered to be printed in the Third. The Soviet Union, a member annual report of the Office of Education REcORD, as follows: of the Security Council and of the at this time, Mr. President, although I United Nations, has ignored the resolu­ expect to have· occasion to refer to it THE Fms'i' UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION-JUNE 25, 1950 tion and has deliberately violated -its again at a later date, and perhaps to read provisions. from it at greater length. The few sen­ (Resolution concerning the complaint of aggression upon the Republic of Korea, On June 27, 1950, the United Nations tences I have· cited today are sufficient, adopted at the 473d meeting of the Security Security Council passed another resolu­ I believe, to indicate the scope of the Council on June 25, 1950: ) tion, a copy of which I ask to have print­ needs of our schools and to suggest how The Security Council, ed in full at this point in my remarks. - · essential it is for the Federal Govern­ Recalling the finding of the General As­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob­ ment to join the 48 States in a powerful sembly in its resolution of 21 October 1949 jection? attack on the problem. that the Government of the Republic of Korea is a lawfully established government There being no objection, the resolu­ "having effective control and jurisdiction tion was ordered to be printed in the AMERICAN FOREIGN POLIQY AND over that part of Korea where the United RECORD, as follows: THE UNITED NATIONS Nations Temporary Commission on Korea THE SECOND UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUN­ was able to observe and consult and in CIL RESOLUTION-JUNE 27, 1950 Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, which the great majority of the people of (Resolution concerning the complaint of Sunday, in. Moscow, Prime Minister Korea reside; and that this Government is aggression upon the Republic of Korea, Georgi Malenkov told the Supreme based on elections which were a valid ex­ adopted at the 474th meeting of the Secu­ pression of the free will of the electorate of rity Council, on June 27, 1!}50:) Soviet there are no issues that cannot that part of. Korea and which were observed be settled peacefully. . Deeds, rather than by the Temporary Commission; and that this The Security Council, words, would be more impressive. is the only such Government in Korea"; Having determined that the armed at­ Mindful of the concern expressed by the tack upon the Republic of Korea by forces The free world will not forget that General Assembly in its resolutions of 12 De­ from North Korea constitutes a breach of there ·was a peace meeting going on in cember 1948 and 21 October 1949 of the con­ the peace, the Communist world when the North sequence.s which might follow unless mem- Having called for an immediate cessation Koreans started their aggressive war . ber states refrained from acts derogatory to of hostilities, and the results sought to be achieved by the Having called upon the authorities of against the Republic of Korea. United Nations in bringing about the com­ North Korea to withdraw forthwith their There are certain acts the .Soviet plete independence and unity of Korea; aiid armed forces to the 38th parallel, and Union could cause to be done that would the concern expressed that the situation de­ Having noted from the report of the indicate good faith: scribed by the United Nations Commission United Nations Commission for Korea that 1972 . CONGRESSIONAL RE-CORD::...: SENATE - March 16 the autporities in North Korea having nei­ There being ·no objection, the resolu­ the Economic and Social Council. The ther ceased hostilities nor withdrawn their United Nations Commission for the Unifica­ tion was ordered to be printed in the tion and Rehabilitation of Korea should pro­ armed forces to the 38th parallel and that ;REcoRD, as follows: urgent military measures are required to re­ ceed to Korea and begin to carry out its store international peace and security, and (Document 9 (UN doc. A/1435)] functions as soon as possible. Having noted the appeal from the Republic RESOLUTION ADOPTED BY THE GENERAL (b) Pending the arrival in Korea of the of Korea to the United Nations for immedi­ ASSEMBLY, OcTOBER 7, 1950 United Nations Commission for the Unifica~ ate and effective steps to secure peace and The General Assembly, tion and Rehabilitation of Korea, the Gov­ security, Having regard to its resolutions of Novem­ ernments of the states represented on the Recommends that the members of the ber 14, 1947, of December 12, 1948 and or Commission should form an interim com­ United Nations furnish such assistance to October 21, 1949, mittee c·omposed of representatives meet­ the Republic of Korea as may be necessary Having received and considered the report ing at the seat of the United Nations to con­ to repel the armed attack and to restore of the United Nations Commission on Korea, sult with and advise the United Nations international peace and security in the area. Mindful of the fact that the objectives set United Command in the light of the above (Voting for the resolution: United States, forth in the resolutions referred to above recommendations; the interim committee United Kingdom, France, China, Norway, have not been fully accomplished and, in should begin to function immediately upon Ecuador, and Cuba. Voting against: Yugo­ particular, that the unification of Korea has the approval of the present resolution by slavia. Abstention: Egypt, India (2 days not yet been achieved, and that an attempt the General Assembly; later India accepted the resolution). Absent: has been made by an armed attack from (c) The Commission shall render -a re­ Soviet Union.) North Korea to exti:p.guish by force the Gov­ port to the next regular session of the Gen­ eral Assemb~y and to any prior special ses­ Mr. KNOW·LAND. In this second res­ ernment of the Republic of Korea, Recalling the General Assembly declara­ sion which might be called to consider the olution the recommendation was made tion of December 12, 1948, that there has subject matter of the present resolution, that the members of the United Nations been established a lawful government (the and shall render such interim reports as it furnish such assistance to the Republic Government of the Republic of Korea) ·hav­ may deem appropriate · to the Secretary­ of Korea as may be necessary to repel ing effective control and jurisdiction over General for transmisssion to members; the armed attack and to restore inter­ that part of -Korea where the United Na­ The General Assembly furthermore, tions Temporary Commission on Korea was Mindful of the fact that a:t the end of national peace and security in the area. the present hostilities the task of rehabili­ More than 2 years and 8 months later, able to observe and consult and in which the great majority of the people of Korea re­ tating the Korean economy will be of great of the 60 members of the United Nations side; that this Government is based on elec­ magnitude, only 17 of them have contributed forces tions which were a valid expression of the 3. Requests the Economic and Social Coun­ to resist the aggression, and all 17 of free will of the elector.ate of that part of cil, in consultation with the specialized them are now contributing less than 35,- Korea and which were observed by the agencies, to develop plans for relief and re­ 000 men. Temporary Commission; and that this is the habilitation on the termination of hostili­ only such Government in Korea, ties and to report to the General Assembiy The United States of America alone is within 3 weeks of the adoption of the pres­ contributing more than 350,000 and the Having in mind that United Nations armed forces are at present operating in ent resolution by the General Assembly; Republic of Korea more than 400,000. Korea in accordance with the recommenda­ 4. Also recommends the Economic and So­ This means that the United Nations tions of the Security Council of June 27, cial Council to expedite the study of long­ itself has failed to take effective collec­ 1950, subsequent to its resolution of June term measures to promote the economic de­ tive security action and has, in fact, 25, 1950, that Members of the United Na­ velopment and social progress of Korea, and only given token support to the request tions furnish such -assistance to the Repub­ meanwhile to draw the attention of the au­ thorities which decide requests for tech­ of its own S~curity Council. lic of Korea as may be necessary to repel the armed attack and to restore interna­ nical assistance to the urgent and special No long speeches in the headquarters tional peace and security in the area, necessity of affording such assistance to Ko­ of the United Nations in New York and Recalling that the essential objective of rea; no excuses in the foreign ministries of the resolutions of the General Assembly re­ 5. Expresses its appreciation of the serv­ the world can cover up the fact that the ferred ·to above was the· establishment of a ices rendered by the members of the United support of the United Nations members unified, independent and democratic gov­ Nations Commission on Korea in the per­ formance of their important and diffi.cult outside the United States represents only ernment of Korea, task; · 10 percent of the forces contributed by 1. Recommends that (a) All appropriate steps be taken to in­ 6. Requests the Secretary-General to pro­ this Nation alone and only 5 percent of vide the Commission with adequate staff the combined contribution of the United sure conditions of stability throughout Korea; and facilities, including technical advisers · States of America and the Republic of (b) All constituent acts be taken, includ­ as required; and authorizes the Secretary­ Korea. ing the holding of elections, under the aus­ General to pay the expenses and per diem For the most part, the United Nations pices of the United Nations, for the estab­ of a representative and alternate from each membership responded as did the towns­ lishment of a unified, independent and dem­ of the states members of the commission. people in the motion picture High ocratic government in the sovereign state of Mr. KNOWLAND. This resolution Noon. They were glad to have a mar­ Korea; like the others, contained brave word~ shal with the courage to risk his life to (c) All sections and representative bodies of the population of Korea, South and North, which made little impression upon the preserve order and to destroy lawless­ be invited to cooperate with the organs of Communists of North· Korea, Commu­ ness in the form of an armed gunman, the United Nations in the restoration of nist China or the Soviet Union. but when greatly outnumbered he asked peace, in the holding of elections and in the On February 1, 1951, the General As­ the townspeople to respond by becom­ establishment of a unified government; sembly of the United Nations passed a ing a posse for the preservation of law (d) United Nations forces should not re­ resolution naming the Peiping Chinese and order, they gave lame excuses as main in any part of Korea otherwise than so Communist regime as an aggressor in to why they could not take the risks far as necessary for achieving the objectives specified in subparagraphs (a) and (b) Korea. I ask that this resolution be involved. At the end of the picture above; printed in full at this point in my re­ the marshal did the job which had to (e) All necessary measures be taken to marks. be done, but in righteous indignation accomplish the economic rehabilitation of There being no objection, the reso­ when the job had been accomplished, he Korea; · lution was ordered to be printed in the 2. Resolves that- threw his badge to the street and left RECORD, as follows: the group that had not had the cour­ (_a) A Commission consisting of Australia, age to fight for decency and the preser­ Ch1le, Netherlands, Pakistan, Philippines, RESOLUTION NAMING THE PEIPING REGIME AS Thailand and· Turkey, to be known as the AN AGGRESSOR IN KOREA, ADOPTED BY THE vation of law and order. It might be United Nations Commission for the Uni­ GENERAL 1\SSEMBLY, FEBRUARY 1, 1951 well if a special showing of the film ficat.ion and Rehabilitation of Korea, be es­ The General Asseml>ly, could be arranged for the delegates to . tabllshed to (i) assume the !unctions hith­ Noting that the Security Council, because the United Nations. erto exercised by the present United Na­ of lack of unanimity of the permanent mem­ On October 7, 1950, the General As­ tions Commission in Korea; (11) represent bers, has failed to exercise its primary sembly adopted a resolution calling for the United Nations in bringing about the responsibility for the maintenance of inter­ the unification and independence of Ko­ establishment of a unified, independent and na.tional peace and security in regard to democratic government of all Korea; (iii) Chinese Communist intervention in Ko­ rea. I ask to have this resolution exercise such responsil>ilities in connection in rea. printed at this point my remarks. With relief and rehabilitation in Korea as Noting that the Central People's Govern­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there ob• may be determined by the General Assem­ ment of the People's Republic of China has jection? bly after receivin~ the recommendations of not accepted United Nations proposals to 1953; CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD- SENATE 1973- bring about a cessation of hostilities in Ko­ How can there be any justification for by planted operatives. Do any but the rea with a view to peaceful settlement, and the town arsonist to be continued as a that its armed forces continue their in­ most naive doubt that the household help vasion of Korea and their large-scale attacks member of the locai fire department or we are required to hire in the Soviet upon United Nations ':forces there, for the gangster to have access to the Union are all approved and perhaps 1. Finds that the Central People's Gov­ deliberations of the Federal Bureau of trained by the Soviet secret police? ernment of the People's Republic of China, Investigation? It is a mockery of those Is our position vis-a-vis the godless by giving direct aid and ~ssistance to those who have their lives in Korea that no Communist tyranny in a relatively bet­ who were already committing aggression in nation, including our own, has had the ter or worse position than it was on Korea and by engaging in hostilities courage to take formal action in the V-E Day, on United Nations Charter against the United Nations forces there, has General Assembly designating the Soviet signing day, and on V -J Day, all of which itself engaged in aggression in Korea; Union as the aggressor. It is the vio­ events took place in 1945? Then the 2. Calls upon the Central People's Gov­ lator not only of the above resolutions ernment of the People's Republic of China whole world had confidence and faith in to cause its forces and nationals in Korea to but, as I shall now show, is a willful the moral, economic, and military power cease hostilities against the United Nations saboteur of the Charter of the United of the free world to overcome the great­ forces and to withdraw from Korea; Nations itself. . est aggregation of tyrannical power the 3. Affirms the determination of the United I realize that the policy of the former world has ever known. Even though the Nations to continue its action in Korea to administration was not to advance such Soviet Union may have secretly hated meet the aggression; a resolution. Recently I read the speech us while our ally, there is no doubt they 4. Calls upon all states and authorities of Ernest A. Gross, who was one of our respected our power. to continue to lend every assistance to the representatives to the United Nations Now, after 2 years and 8 months of United Nations action in Korea; and has been continued on as deputy stalemated war in Korea, when the 5. Calls upon all states and authorities United States representative by the pres­ United States of America with the al­ to refrain from giving any assistance to the aggressors in Korea; ent administration. leged support of the United Nations is 6. Requests a committee composed of the In an address he made on February 4 stopped cold by North Korean and Chi­ members of the Collective Measures Com­ at Philadelphia, carried in full in the nese Communists, does any realistic per­ mittee as a matter of urgency to consider Department of State Bulletin of Febru­ son think this has contributed to faith additional measures to be employed to meet ary 23, he had this to say on the subject: and confidence on the part of Asiatics this aggression and to report thereon to the The question is sometimes asked why, since or Europeans in the ability to resist the General Assembly, it being understood that the Soviet Union has unquestionably spon­ power of the Kremlin, which has not the Committee is authorized to defer its sored and supported the Korean aggression, committed a single division? Were our report if . the Good Offices Committee re­ they should be permitted to retain member­ hands not tied by the neutralists in the ferred to in the following paragraph reports ship in the United Nations. I hav.e alre.ady United Nations, some acting by fear and satisfactory progress in its efforts; pointed out there is ·no way of expelling 7. Affirms that it continues to be the them, since they can veto a decision of that some by design? Whose purpose has policy of the United Nations to bring about sort. been really served? Are we to be im­ a cessation of hostilities .in Korea and the mobilized until we can be struck a mor­ achievement of United Nations objectives IIi answer to Mr. Gross I would. say tal blow? in Korea by peaceful" means, and requests that a vote on such a resolution would Mr. Eden to the contrary notwith­ the President of the General Assembly to certainly separate the men from the standing, will he be better able to carry designate forthwith two persons who would boys, and a nation that had so far lost out the resolutions of the United Nations meet with him at any suitable opportunity its standing among the law-abiding na­ 2 years from now under this policy of to use their good offices to this end. tions of the world that it had to veto its restrained stalemate? We know that Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, it own expulsion would have a hard time when the Soviet Union used the United took approximately 3 months after the explaining this fact to the world and to Nations to propose his cease-fire nego­ Chinese aggression for the United Na­ its own enslaved people. tiations the Communist forces were in tions to muster up its courage to face Secondly, the veto could not be used desperate shape. Our field commander the facts. against the resolution declaring the So­ was not consulted nor was his advice Even this resolution was not passed viet Union an aggressor any more than sought on the wisdom of our acceptance by the United Nations until the House it could be used against the one declar­ of the Soviet maneuver. of Representatives on January 19, 1951, ing the Chinese Communists regime as Since the Chinese Communists have and the Senate on January 23 had an aggressor. It was for the purpose of formally rejected the so..;called Indian adopted the followi:qg resolutions: removing the veto that we took the action resolution, the United Nations should to the General Assembly rather than the withdraw it and propose instead that HOUSE RESOLUTIONS Security Council. Resolved, That it is the sense of the House the Republic of Korea be united and of Representatives that the United Nations Then, to return to the Gross speech: that its sovereignty, independence of any should immediately act and declare the Chi­ Even if this were not so, I think it does outside power, and neutrality be guar­ nese Communist authorities aggressor in not take full account of the realities of the anteed by all the great powers as well Korea. situation to regard membership in the United as by the United Nations. Nations as a sort of badge of merit. There A divided Korea will be a constant are advantages in universal membership, SENATE RESOLUTIONS even including recalcitrants, for reasons I menace to peace. A divided Korea can­ Resolved, That it is the sense of the Sen­ have jpst attempted to explain. not be a free Korea without perpetual ate that the United Nations should immedi­ military and economic support from the ately declare Communist China an aggressor Frankly, I believe those advantages are free world. A divided Korea without in Korea. questionable, to say the least. When the such support would ultimately be a Com­ Resolved, That it is the sense of the Sen­ United Nations was born in San Fran­ munist Korea and a dagger pointed at ate that the Communist Chinese Govern­ cisco in June of 1945 there were less than Japan. The longer this basic issue is ment should not be admitted to member­ 200 million people behind the Iron Cur­ avoided the more difficult the solution ship in the United Nations as the repre­ tain. Now there are more than 800 mil­ will be unless India, Yugoslavia, and the sentative of China. lion. The endless debates and discus­ Soviet Union are sooner or later to pro­ Again in brave words the United Na­ sions in the United Nations are small pose in the United Nations a far eastern tions resolution called upon all states comfort to the enslaved. Munich type of settlement. · They may and authorities to continue to lend every Has the advantage of having a re­ believe that a stalemate carried on for assistance to the United Nations action stricted American Ambassador in the another year or two would so soften up in Korea and to refrain from giving any Soviet Union been of real value to us our determination to maintain a free assistance to the aggressors in Korea. when compared to the damage done by world of freemen that we would yield This resolution, like the previous ones, Communist diplomatic missions acting as to the voice of the siren. was ignored and viola ted by the North centers of espionage in the West as Even on the limited prisoner-of-war Korean Communists, the Communist proven by the Canadian atomic spy ring, issue we should forthwith declare that Chinese, and by the Soviet Union, which the Fuchs, and other cases in this coun­ it is no longer acceptable to have a re­ then, as now, was a member of the Secu­ try? There is ample reason to believe patriation commission consisting of two rity Council and a charter member of that from time to time there has been s-oviet satellites-Czecho.slovakia and the United Nations. espionage penetration of our embassies Poland-one of whom has just shot 1974 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 16 down an American jet over Western an aggressor by the General Assembly, ·Trucks, motorcars, motorcar parts, Germany, and two ''neutrals"-Sweden none of these resolutions have been lived . tires, seagoing vessels of varying sizes, and Switzerland-all of whom have rec­ up to by the total membership. The radio receivers and transmitters, ognized Communist China and none of provisions of the charter have been vio­ vacuum tubes, steel wire, gasoline, diesel whom have helped to resist this first lated by the Communist regimes of North oil, kerosene, power motors, generators, · overt act of aggression in Korea. Who Korea and China, and in their actions steel plates, steel bars, steel pipes, cast will preserve order and protect the non­ these two declared aggressors have had iron, scrap iron,. tinplate, iron sheets, Communist prisoners if the fanatical both the moral and material support of zinc plates, welding equipment, photo­ Communists start another Koje Island the Soviet Union. graph equipment, rubber, medicine and type of riot on a neutralized idand? Article 41 provides: medical supplies, chemicals, and cotton, We, of course, should be prepared to The Security Council may decide what to mention only a partial list. negotiate for a peace with honor. But measures not involving the use of armed While the recent statement relative to not another Munich, Yalta, or Potsdam force are to be employed to give effect to its the conference between the British For­ conference where the territories or peo­ decisions, and it may call upon the members eign Secretary and our own Secretary of of the United Nations to apply such meas­ State regarding the tightening up proc­ ple of countries unrepresented were dis­ ures. These may include complete or partial posed of by representatives of the great interruption of economic relations and of ess with respect to shipments to Com­ powers meeting in secret session. rail, sea, air, postal, telegraphic, radio, and munist China discloses a small step for­ The charter of the United Nations other means of communication, and the ward in the right direction, it should which was signed at San Francisco on severance of diplomatic relations. not be used to lull the people of this June 26, 1945, states in its preamble that country into a false sense of security in As I have heretofore pointed out, not the thought that these half measures the purpose of the organization is "to only have we been faced with the spec­ save succeeding · generations from the will do the job that needs to be done. tacle of 43 out of the 60 United Nations In and of itself it will curtail some scourge of war, which twice in our life­ members furnishing no force whatsoever time has brought untold sorrow to man­ trade, but those who are determined to to resist aggression, but we also find that circumvent any restrictions will soon kind.'' some of our fellow members iri the or­ find ways of getting around the new It also states the following: ganization, as well as nations outside of controls, as, indeed, they are already To insure, by the acceptance of principles it, have been furnishing manufactured doing. and the institution of methods, that armed' and raw materials to the Chinese Com­ In more than 2 years and 8 months of force shall not be used, save in the common munists and North Korean Communist aggression, the United Nations has not interest. aggressors. In 1952, last year, 2 years made full use of article 41 by applying Article I lists the purposes of the after the aggression broke out, the total its provisions for either economic or United Nations . . The following is con­ importation into Communist China ­ moral sanctions. To the contrary, there tained in subsection 1: amounted to over $1,250,000,000, by are 17 members of the United Nations United States dollar value. Of this total, To maintain international peace and se­ who recognize the Communist regime of curity, and to that end: to take effective approximately $550 million came by sea, China, and have continued such recog· collective measures for the prevention and and $700 million overland. nition and participated in an exchange ·removal of threats to the peace, and for the I am not impressed by the argument of diplomatic representatives, even suppression of acts of aggression or other used that if a complete naval blockade though the Communist regime of China breaches of the peace . . cut off shipments by sea, the Soviet Union is making aggressive war upon the Article 2, subsection 2, provides: would make up the difference by ship­ United Nations forces in Korea. ment over the Trans-Siberian and Man­ All membex:s, in order to insure to all of These nations, some of whom have a them the rights and benefits resulting from cl:urian railway systems. In the first limited number of men fighting in Ko· membership, shall fulfill in good faith the place, there is grave doubt as to the ca­ rea, are Russia, Czechoslovakia, Poland, pacity of those rail lines to handle the obligations assumed by them in accordance Jugosl~via, Burma, Israel, Afghanistan, with the present charter. additional burdens; and even if a. sub­ Norway, United Kingdom, Pakistan, . stantial part could be handled, it would Subsection 4 provides : Sweden, India, Denmark, Netherlands, tie up and wear out a great deal of the Indonesia, Byelo Russia, and Ukraine. All members shall refrain in their inter­ rolling stock, and would make means of national relations from the threat or use of transportation for other Soviet adven­ Article 42 of the Charter provides: force against the territorial integrity or po­ tures they may be planning eleswhere Should the Recurity Council consider that litical independence of any state, or in any measures provided for in article 41 would be other manner inconsistent with the purposes less available. inadequate or have proved to be inade­ of the United Nations. Nor am I impressed by the argument quate, it may take such action by air, sea, or of the British Foreign Secretary in his land forces as may be necessary to main· Subsection 5 provides: speech before the Foreign Policy Associ­ tain or restore international peace and se· All members shall give the United Nations ation in New York on the evening of curity. Such action may include demonstra­ every assistance in any action it takes in ac­ March 12, when he commended the May tions, blockade, and other operations by air, cordance wi-th the present charter, and shall 1951, resolution about the denial of stra­ sea, or land forces of members of the United refrain from giving assistance to any state Nations. against which the United Nations is taking tegic materials to Communist China. preventive or enforcement action. The joker is, of course, in the word Article 48 provides: "strategic.'' No one has claimed that 1. The action required to carry out the Subsection 6 provides that- the British have shipped guns or am­ decisions of the Security Council for the The organization shall insure that states munition, tanks or planes or war planes maintenance of international peace and se­ which are not members of the United Na­ to Communist China. However, many curity shall be taken by all the members of tions act in accordance with these principles shipments have been made in British the United Nations or by some of them, as so far as may be necessary for the mainte­ the Security Council may determine. nance of international peace and security. vessels, in ships of other members of the United Nations, and, before an aroused 2. Such decisions shall be carried out by Chapter 7, article 39, provides: the members of the United Nations direct­ Congress insisted on effective controls ly and through their action in the appropri· The Security Council shall determine · the being instituted, in American ships, as ate international agencies of which they are existence of any threat to the peace, breach well. members. of the peace, or act of aggression, and shall These shipments were and are of great make recommendations, or decide what Referring back to the resolutions measures shall be taken in accordance with value to the Chinese Communists by passed on June 25, 1950, and February 1, articles 41 and 42, to maintain or restore contributing to the soundness of their 1951, the United Nations did not call on international peace and security. economy, thereby bolstering their only a part of the membership. In each I again call to the attention of the morale, their effectiveness for domestic instance it called on all members to fur­ Senate of the United States and to the production of war goods, and their nish aid and assistance to the Republic attention of the representatives of the transportation of munitions of war of Korea and to refrain from giving as­ which, to a considerable extent at some sistance to the aggressors in Korea. member states of the United Nations point in the operations, traveled by that for more than 2 years and 8 months In the light of this documentation, let railroad or truck~ Let me cite the type us now turn to the speech of the then after the aggression took place, and 2 of materials purchased from abroad by Soviet Minister, Andrei Y. Vishinsky, at years after Communist China was named the Chinese Communists in 1952: the United Nations on March 2, 1953. 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE 1975 Mr. Vishinsky is now the permanent rep­ 1945, even before the Central People's Gov­ of·either the slave people of the world or resentative of the Soviet ·Union · at the ernment of the Chinese People's Republic the free by so doing? had come to power, a treaty of. friendship United Nations. and alliance. That treaty was confirmed in Even the United Nations Charter itself Speaking as the official representative 1950 in a new treaty with the new Govern­ clearly contemplated that the with­ of the Soviet Government and as its rep­ ment of China. It was a treaty of friend­ drawal of recognition could be an effec­ resentative in the United Nations Organ­ ship, alliance, and mutual assistance, con­ tive weapon as a moral sanction. ization Vishinsky said: cluded between the U. S. S. R. and the It could serve notice on those who are I might add, incidentally, that it is no Chinese People's Republic. behind the Iron Curtain, not of their own accident that Mr. Lodge and his Government In line with these treaties the Soviet Union choice, that no longer would the decent persevere, as regards the Korean question, in has sold and continues to sell armaments to and law abiding nations of the world carrying out the Truman-Acheson govern­ China, while China sells to the Soviet Union various types of raw materials, including recognize a government which partici­ ment's line, since that administration had pated in aggression, supported it morally prepared and carried out the ip.tervention in strategic raw materials; and this is quite naturar. and materially and proclaimed its law­ Korea, and since .that administration had lessness to the world. unleashed the barbarous and bandit-like war There we have it laid down cold by the against the Korean people. Has the United Nations come to such official spokeman of the Soviet Union. a point that the ruthless men of the What sense of complacency has come The gahgster boldly proclaims he has Kremlin are to be faced by timid men over the United Nations itself and the sold the weapon to the murderer for the and appeasers of the free world, and that decent governments represented therein killing of the policeman and the de­ while we follow another disastrous ''wait and the people who desire an effective fenseless citizen as well. He comes to for the dust to settle" policy the debates system of collective security that they the police department and the city coun­ will go on, the resolutions will be passed, can continue to tolerate a government cil and admits his guilt, admits the vio­ the appeasers will come forth with their whose spokesman continues the sabotage lation of the charter and the resolutions 1952 version for a far eastern Munich. and aids the aggressors for more than 2 that have been passed and says, in effect, and time will run out. years and 8 months. Have we complete­ "What are you going to do about it?" Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, will the iy lost our sense of reality? Mr. President, that is a good question Senator yield? Is the wolf to be continually invited for the United Nations, for the United Mr. KNOWLAND. I prefer not to yield by the shepherd to help guard the sheep? States, and for the free people of the until I have concluded. The American people have the right world. What are we going to do about Because there are some who constantly to ask not only the executive branch of it? How long is this condition to be tol­ state that those of us who are critical of this Government, but the United Nations erated? the policies this Government followed in Organization itself and each of its mem­ What steps are to be taken to declare Asia since Yalta are operating with the bers, what they intend to do now to the Soviet Union the aggressor that it is benefit of hind,sight, I may perhaps be take effective action in Korea. in Korea? pardoned for calling attention to some We have listened for more than 2% Not even the timid members of the remarks which were made before the years to the representatives of the Soviet United Nations, of whom there are too outbreak of the Korean war. Union using the United Nations as a many, can or will deny that for 2 years On April 10, 1950, 2% months before sounding board for Communist propa­ and 8 months the Soviet Union gave the North Korean Communist invasion ganda. We have watched for more than moral support first to the Korean Com­ of the Republic of Korea, I spoke on the 2% years while timid members of that munist aggi·essors, then to the Chinese question of American policy in Korea: organization placed such restqtints upon Communist aggressors. The Government of Korea has been con­ our Armed Forces that victory ·was de­ There has been no doubt for 2 years stantly faced with the overt acts of .aggres­ nied and a costly stalemate invited. and 8 months that ammunition, arms, sion across the 38th parallel by Communist . This Nation, which has supplied more planes, and tanks, and technical assist­ irregulars from north' of the line. At the ance have been furnished by the Soviet time I was in Korea last November there had than 90 percent of the United Nations already been 360 violations of the 38th paral­ manpower and suffered more than 95 Union to the aggressors. lel by Communist groups from North Korea percent of the United Nations casual­ The evidence has been overwhelming ranging in size from a squad to a battalion. ties, ·has the right to get more .than lip­ and the proof indisputable. But here Many additional violations of the border service support from those who pretend on the second day of March of this have taken place since last November, the to believe in collective security under a year the Soviet Union, through its offi­ latest being a few days ago. President Syng­ system of international law and order cial spokesman, not only admits its guilt,. man Rhee recently pointed .out that there had been substantial casualties on the part that will preserve the peace of the world but proudly proclaims it. of the forces of the Republic of Korea, and for ourselves and our children. Yes; the question is a good one. What there have been considerably greater casual­ The road to appeasement is not the are we going to do about it? How long ties on the part of the invading forces. road to peace, but is only surrender on are we expected to carry on a stalemated Needless to say in that part of the world the the installment plan. and costly war in Korea in manpower cold war is quite warm. The men who went to Munich to bar­ and in resources under a new doctrine There are a number of responsible people which, for the first time in our history, in the Republic of Korea who believe that ter away the territorial integrity of once the Chinese Communists have liqui­ czechoslovakia without the presence of asks that our men fight and die, but we dated the remaining resistance by the forces that government at the conference table dare not let them win. of the Republic of China to their regime that may have thought they were assuring Do the nations 'that advise such re­ they will then move both Communist troops "peace in our time." We know now straint really thjnk that time is in favor and equipment back into Manchuria and they only made inevitable World War II. of the free world? In January of 1950, make them available to the North Korean The men who went to Yalta may have our friend and associate, Great Britain, Communists for an invasion against theRe.­ recognized Communist China. To this public of Korea. (Pp. 4983-4985, CoNGRES­ thought that by the concessions made SIONAL RECORD, VOl. 96, pt. 4, 8lst Cong., 2d to Stalin at the expense of the Republic date, Communist China has not recog­ sess.) of China and the Free Government of nized Her Majesty's Government. Poland, whose representatives were not Has the moral conscience of the world Seven and one-half months earlier on present, they may have been assuring a so degenerated that the respectable and September 26, 1949, I spoke on the floor peaceful and cooperative Soviet Union. law abiding nations of the world can now of the Senate opposing the nomination We know now that it only made cer­ grasp the bloody hand of Communist of Walton Butterworth to be Assistant tain the destruction of freedom in Po­ Korea, Communist China, and the Secretary of State for Far Eastern Af­ land and accelerated the Communist master hand of the Soviet Union, where­ fairs: domination of China which in turn lead as it was unthinkable for them to con­ In view of the President's atomic an­ to Communist aggression in Korea. tinue diplomatic representation with the nouncement of Friday, September 23, may Again quoting the then Soviet Foreign aggressors Hitler and Tojo just a decade · God grant there is time to rectify, in part ago? at least, the Asiatic debacle now in the Minister Vishinsky in his March ·2 making even while we meet here today. speech: Do the nations which continue rela:. Boldl'y and affirmatively we ·have developed The Soviet Union has never concealed the tionships with Communist China and the and maintained a foreign policy in EUrope. fact. that i-t sold and continues to sell arma­ Soviet Union, thereby giving to each a In many of its aspects it has originated or ments to its· ally, China. As' is well known, place among the decent nations of the developed as a result of Republican con­ the Soviet Union concluded with China in world. believe that they gain the respect sultation and support. The world knows 1976 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE March 16 what that policy is. In my opinion it has ous .to the peace of the world and the secu­ Let me read some additional signifi· the overwhelming support of the American rity of this country. cant remarks: people. It is to help maintain freedom It is my judgment that history will record Today the Kremlin's Chinese satellites, against communism, the most tyrannical and the recognition of Communist China as being backed by Soviet pilots, tanks, and planes, brutal force with which the world has had as great a betrayal of human freedom as was cross and recross the Yalu. to contend. It is to support a system of the pact of Munich. At the same time we provide them with a international law and order so that the At another point I stated on that day: military university for the instruction of peace of the world will be secure against their technicians at no loss to them except aggression, whatever its source. . It is long past the time when the Govern­ some equipment and a few pilots. . 1 In China we have had no similar biparti­ ment of the United States must give to the At very little cost to the Russians we are san foreign policy. To be brutally frank, Pacific region the attention it deserves. It teaching them how to defeat us if they de­ for the years since the close of World War is, of course, of vital importance that West­ cide to expand the Korean war into world ·II we have had no policy that could com­ ern Europe, with its great industrial complex · war III. man"d the respect or support of the Congress and its western civilization, not fall into Rather than coming up with the truth to and the Nation. Communist hands. the people we follow the tragic steps of cer­ \Ve have vacillated all over the lot. We It is no less important that nations con­ tain World War II allies by again attempting have attempted to interfere in China's in­ taining more than a billion people in Asia to purchase a nervous neutrality. ternal affairs by attempting to force a coali­ not become part of the Soviet orbit. The tion with the Communists. We have done future peace of the world and the security Again I propound the question, what this subse(iuent to the time when it was of this Nation may well depend upon what effective steps do the members of the clear that coalition with communism is un­ happens in the Far East while most of our United Nations intend to take that will workable except as a means of faCilitating attention is being diverted to Europe. save that organization from the disinte- complete Communist domination. The more I have studied the China white As I pointed out, that was approxi- gration and futility that overcame the paper and the documents left out of it, the mately 6 months before the outbreak League of Nations? less satisfaction I have, as a citizen of this of the Korean war. Is there a single Memb~r of this body country and as a Senator of the United Mr. President, are we to continue to who is willing now to risk our freedom, States, relative to what we have done and follow a policy of drift and complacency our constitutional form of government, what we have. failed to do. and stalemate? Are we to continue to and the lives of our people to the protec· With great reluctance I say that our rec­ pour out substance throughout the world tion that could be afforded us by the ord in China during the past 4 years is not one in which this or future generations of while recent testimony clearly estab- United Nations Organization based on its Americans can take pride. lishes that we have ·not adequately faced Korean record? The answer must be an We have broken our word time and time up to the problem of delivering the hard- overwhelming, if not a unanimous, "No". again, we have abandoned a friend and ally ware that our fighting men are entitled Is there any Member of this body who in need and we have contributed to the to and that we must have for the secu- would approve of our becoming engaged disaster of allowing China, with her 470 rity of our Nation and the preservation in resistance to an aggressor elsewhere in million people, to be almost overwhelmed by of the freedom of the American people? the world if in advance we knew that we militant communism, knowing full well that if all of China falls there is little that No longer am I willing to place our alone would have to furnish 90 percent can be done to save southwest Asia or per­ faith or our security in the hands of of the manpower and that those asso­ haps the entire continent. those who lack the moral courage to ciated with us would constantly place We have done this in the face of repeated designate aggresssion for what it is and restraints upon our winning and would warnings from Gen. Douglas MacArthur, to take effective steps that will preserve give aid and comfort to the aggressor? Admiral Badger, Ambassador Hurley, former a free world of freemen. Let the small nations of the world, as Ambassador Bullitt, Generals Wedemeyer No longer am I willing to have Gulli- well as some of the larger ones, given and Chennault, as well as many other com­ ver tied down by the Lilliputians. proper consideration to the signifl.capce petent observers. (Pp. 13264-13270, CoN-· GRESSIONAL RECORD, VOl. 95, pt. 10, 81st Cong., This is no partisan matter. Some of of their past acts, place themselves in our 1st sess.) us on this side of the aisle have for position and honestly answer wheth~r many years joined with some Senators they would have any call upon us, consid- On January 5, 1950-6 months before ering the fact that when the chips were the Korean war-I made a speech on the on the other side of the aisle in pointing down in Korea, they; like the townspeople floor of this body. My opening state­ out the dangers inherent in the foreign in High Noon, were willing for the mar· ment on that day in· my remarks on and military policy we were following. shal to risk his life, but they themselves American policy in the Far East was as On August 26, 1949, there were only were not willing to become a part of the 9 of us in the Senate who voted to sup- posse. follows: · port appropriations for 58 air groups to First. It seems to me that the very Mr. President and Members of the Senate, within the last 90 days 2 catastrophic events build our Air Force toward the 70-group least that can be done now is to devote haye taken place. These are the Soviet suc­ level when the then President and his whatever energy, intelligence, money and cess in atomic development, as announced defense spokesman were advocating it effort that are required to place this Na­ by the President of the United States on Sep­ to be held at 48 groups. This time lost tion in a ~position of real strength. tember 23, 1949, and the establishment of can never be regained. Second. To find out forthwith which a Soviet-recognized Communist regime in The distinguished junior Senator from of our allies are prepared to take effec­ China. Only in retrospect will we be able to Missouri [Mr. SYMINGTON] made a tive steps for collective security and to finally determine which event will have the most far-reaching influence. Both have set speech on the evening of Wednesday, concentrate our efforts on those who ·off chain reactions that have not yet run March 11, 1953, in Philadelphia in which have demonstrated by word and deed their full course. (P. 79, vol. 96, pt. 1, of he pointed out in very clear language that they are ready to stand up and be CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Of the proceedings and the challenge Which our Nation now counted, come what may. We cannot debates of the 81st Cong., 2d ·sess.). faces and the steps which we must take wait another 2 Y2 years to get the answer Then, on page 81, during the course . if we are to rectify some of the errors. to this question. of ·the same discussion, I said: In his speech the Senator from Missouri Third. To have introduced forthwith [Mr. SYMINGTON] said: in the United Nations a resolution de... It is a sad commentary that Britain, which itself was in such a desperate plight after The face of the world was forever changed claring the Soviet Union a supporter of Dunkerque, which joined us in complaining on a day in September 1949. That was the aggression in Korea and a violator of of Mussolini's stab in. the back when France day the Soviet Union exploded the atomic the United Nations Charter, based on was down but not quite out, should now be bomb. the available facts and the admission contemplating abandoning the Republic of America then lost its monopoly of that of their own representative. China and giving recognition, aid, and com­ weapon, and was thereupon faced with a Fourth. For our State Department to fort to the Communists who are so closely peril it had never before known. request immediately that the members allied with the same international Com­ munist conspiracy that threatens human Later on in the same speech the dis"' of the United Nations who have recog­ freedom in Europe. tinguished Senator from Missouri said:1 nized Communist China withdraw their Like Mr. Chamberlain at Munich, there are When in the fall of 1950, however, the diplomatic representatives to that ag­ some in this country and in Great Britain Kremlin gave the order for the Chinese to gressor regime. ·who believe that by appeasing the Commu­ cross the Yalu, Stalin's intention to take . This, more than anything else, would nists they may change their way of life. high risks for world conquest ~ally· became give hope and encouragement to the en­ This is naive and such a viewpoint is danger- clear to everybody._ ~ .. slaved people ofcCommunist China that 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:...::: SENATE 1977 no longer would their aggressor regime trying to help make the United Nations tion with the war in Korea. I concur be considered entitled to diplomatic re­ something more than a futile debating with all the strength I have in that rec­ lations with the self-respecting and law-· society? ommendation. There can be no question abiding nations of the world. . Sixth. Do you honestly believe, and that many members of the United Na­ Fifth. To take forthright action to are you willing to take the responsibility tions have not lived up to their duties declare a complete embargo or blockade for lulling the people of your Nation into and their responsibilities in that respect. of supplies going into Communist China. a sense of false security in believing that The Senator from California also said · Sixth. So consider the Far East as re­ time is necessarily on our side? th~t the United Nations' should charge quiring the same unity of command as Mr. President, when the United Na­ Russia with being an aggressor under the we have considered necessary in NATO tions Charter was drafted, the Soviet charter. There is no question that Rus­ and to call upon those free people of Union did not have the atomic weapon. sia is an aggressor and has violated the Asia who are willing to resist Commu­ It does today. When the Berlin block­ terms of the United Nations Charter. nist aggression to join in a common Pa- ade took place, the Soviet Union did not The point I make in this connection­ . cifi.c pact of defense against further have the atomic weapon. It does today. and to it I invite the attention of my dis­ Communist aggression anywhere in that When the Communists were overrunning tinguished and able friend-is that when area of the world. all of China on . the mainland of Asia, he says that the United Nations should There is a song which says, "Give me the Soviet Union did not have the atomic declare Russia an aggressor he is saying 10 men who are stouthearted men, and weapon. It does today. to the President of ·the United States and I will soon give you 10,000 more." In the 2% years which have passed to our State Department that they · If we will show by our words and our since the first atomic explosion in the should instruct our mission assigned to deeds that the people of Asia repre­ Soviet Union, the Soviets have been the United Nations in New York to advo­ sented by the Republic of Korea, the stocl,{piling weapons and building their cate action declaring Russia to be an Republic of the Philippines, Thailand, means of delivering them. Again I ask, aggressor. I make this point simply to Viet Nam, and the Republic of China, do you really believe that time is neces­ say that it is not exactly correct to lay all of whom now have forces fighting sarily on our side?· blame upon other members of the United aggressive communism in Asia, that It is my firm belief that neither this Nations for not having charged Russia they, rather than the fence straddlers Government nor any other will be per-­ with aggression when that decision has and the neutralists, such as India, will forming the service it should render to not been made by our own country. have our confidence and our support, I its own peopie or to the cause of free­ Mr. KNOWLAND. Mr. President, will believe we can rally millions of people dom if it permits the deadly cloak of the Senator yield at that p<>int? in Asia to the cause of the crusade for complacency to cover the cold, hard facts Mr. COOPER. I yield. freedom and for the purpose of keep­ growing out of a ruthless, godless, tyran­ Mr. KNOWLAND. I think I made ing their nations outside the Communist nical communism, bent on the destruc­ very clear in my remarks that this gov­ orbit. tion of human freedom, individual dig­ ernment also had a :r;esponsibility for There will be some in the United States nity, and a belief in God everywhere in such action not having been taken. I and abroad who will point out that there the world. did not lay the responsibility elsewhere, are risks involved in any such policy. It was Abraham Lincoln who said: and I have been critical in the past of Respectfully I say to them that in my Fellow citizens, we cann~t escape history. certain things which have not·been done judgment there are greater risks in the The fiery trial through which we pass will by the prior administration. However, policy of drift, complacency, and fear. light us down in honor or dishonor to the I think we now have, particularly in view To those who raise objection, I pro­ latest generation. * * * We, yes even we of Mr. Vishinsky's recent speech, an en­ pound these questions: here, have the power and bear the responsi­ tirely new situation. While we had evi­ First. Based on the Korean war rec.;. bility * • • in giving freedom to the slave dence of the participation of the Soviet ord, do you honestly believe that the we assure freedom tci the free. We shall Union in the Korean war and, as the nobly save or we shall meanly lose this last Senator will remember, Mr. -Austin ex­ United Nations is or has ·been an effective best hope of earth. organization for collective security? hibited before the United Nations organ­ Second. Do you honestly believe that Mr. COOPER. Mr. President, will the ization certain Soviet equipment which with the veto power exercised by the ar­ Senator from California yield to me? had been captured from the Chinese sonist, the United Nations Organization Mr. KNOWLAND. I yield. Communists and from the North Ko­ can put out other fires elsewhere in the Mr. COOPER. I have listened with a reans--and while we knew that the jet world any better than in Korea, where great deal of interest to the speech which fighters which were being used to shoot · the fire has already burned for 2 years has just been delivered by the distin­ down our planes were of Soviet manu­ and 8 months? guished senior Senator from California. facture-we do not know whether they Third. Do you honestly believe that I remember that when I previously are being :flown by Russians or not, but the people of the United States of Amer­ served in the Senate for a short time the we have very strong suspicion that some ica can be expected to respond with alac­ Senator maintained a continuing inter­ of them may be-while we knew of those rity to oppose other aggressions else­ est in our policy in the Far East and was things, nevertheless, it was the first time where in the world if they are to be faced one of the first to point out the dangers that the official representative of the with the problem of furnishing 90 per­ of the policy which was then being fol­ Soviet Union had come into the United cent of the United Nations manpower, lowed. Nations orgaiuzation no.t only to admit suffering 95 percent of the casualties, However, as I have listened today to the guilt ·of his government but also and having their· hands tied so that a the distinguished senior Senator from proud to proclaim it. . victory is not possible and a stalemate is California, I could not escape the con-:' It seems to me that that is something invited? elusion that in rather large measure he which neither the American people, the Fourth. Do you honestly believe that was addressing questions· to the United American Government-either in its the United States of America, its Gov­ Nations which must be addressed also to legislative or executive branch-nor the ernment, or its people, can be expected to the United States. free world can ignore; because when a pour their resources ,around the world to It happens that on occasions I served large nation, merely because of its size, nations who are giving help to the ag­ as either a delegate or an alternate dele­ comes forward and says, in effect, "Yes, gressor, and to those who have not lifted gate to the General Assembly of the we are helping to commit this murder, we a finger in opposition to this overt act of United Nations. ·There I recognized its are supplying the arms which are being aggression which took place 2 years and inadequacies. Yet I see in· it values which used to try to defeat the very purpose of the United Nations; we are proud of it; 8 months ago? i believe have been overlooked in the Fifth. Do you honestly believe that · speech which my distinguished colleague this is what we want · done," and then the United Nations can survive and com­ has delivered. I address myself to sev­ we and the free world do nothing, it mand respect in this country or abroad eral of the points he made in his speech. seems to me we completely stultify the In the course of his ·speech the Sena­ entire United ~ations organization. when the Soviet Union through its rep­ Mr. COOPER. I will say to my dis­ resentative continues to use that organi­ , tor from California designated several zation as a sounding board for Commu­ courses of action which should be under­ tinguished friend that the recent state­ nist propaganda and disparaging re­ taken by the United States. One of them ments of Mr. Vishinsky have 1;10t added ~ is that members of the United Nations anything to our knowledge that Russia marks concerning our Nation, that has has been assisting Communist China and already suffered 130,000 casualties in should furnish aid and forces in connec- -··March 16. 1978 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· . SENATE must be decided. It is unquestioned that not a routine subject to which I am ad­ North Korea. But I do V:'ant _to ~~pha:. dressing myself; it involves, rather, a size that I believe the Impllca.tw.~.Is of Russia is an aggressor, and that it has violated the charter, but today we have major principle. the statements the Senator made are Article I, section 7, paragraph 1, of more far reaching and much dee~er than to weigh these questions in the light of what are the best long-term interests of the Constitution provides as follows: simply saying to the United Natwn~ as a the United States; and what are the All bills for raising revenue shall originate body, "You ought to declare Russia a~ in the House of Representatives; but the aggressor.'' The truth of the matter IS best ways to prevent a larger war. I think it is a much larger question than Senate may propose or concur with amend- that the United States has the same ~e­ ments as on other bills. • sponsibility as any other mem?er, and simply the denunciation of Ru~sia as a~ if he says that to the other nat1?ns who aggressor. Even though we consider 1t Article I, section 8, paragraph 17, pro­ are memoers, he must also _say 1t to the from the standpoint of the best interest vides Congress with power- United states, to the President and to of the United States, I would not want to To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases the Congress. see this country take action which could whatsoever, over such district .) of international law and order that Resolution 52 to the Senate on the There is no conflict whatever between would preserve the peace for ourselves ground that it "contravenes the first the two provisiops of the Constitution and our children-! do not feel that we clause of the seventh section of the first cited above, and where Congress exer­ would be performing a service eithe~ to article of the Constitution and is an in- cises exclusive legislative power over the the cause of a collective-security system fringement of the privileges of this District of Columbia, article I, section· 7, or to a system of international law and House.'' of the Constitution does not apply. order, if we were to continue to let the I invite the attention of the Senate to Only one case comes to hand that con- representative of Soviet Russia sit in the a similar situation which obtained dur- strues article I, section 7 of the Consti­ very inner councils of the organization, ing the 82d Congress. · On May 7, 1~52, tution. In Hubbard ·v. Lowe <<1915) 226 . inviting, so to speak, the town arson~st the Senate considered and passed S. 2703 Fed. 135), the District Court for the to head the fire department, hear him which would increase the 'District of Co- southern District of New York had be­ admit the guilt of his nation, and then lumbia gasoline tax from 4 to 5 cents fore it a challenge to the validity of a say "Because you are a large and power­ per gallon. At that time the House re- statute dealing with contracts for cotton ful ~ation, we will not take the action in fused to consider S. 2703, also on the futures. A bill which originated in and regard to you that we would take in the ground that it contravened the consti- passed the Senate called for their exclu­ case of the little regime in North Korea, tutional provision referred to in House sion from the mails. The House struck or even in the case of the Chinese Com­ Resolution 176. out all after the enacting clause and munists who entered the conflict." I say It is suggested that the issue thus inserted. a substitute by way of a pro­ to my distinguished friend from Ken­ raised on two occasions within the past hibitive tax. The House version was the tucky that that "fs a doctrine which year by the House of Representatives in- one whi9h was ultimately enacted. The would recognize that might makes right, valves not only a parliamentary question court in that case threw out the statute and that if a nation is big enough and but a constitutional question as well. as being unconstitutional, since prior to powerfur enough it can commit an ag­ Indeed, these recent House actions aP· enactment it had a Senate number­ gression and sabotage an organization pear to constitute a challenge to the s. 1107. The question became moot be­ devoted to peace, and get away with it, concept that home rule may be achieved cause of the enactment shortly there­ whereas the United Nations itself would in the District of Columbia by means after of a revenue bill which dealt with never permit a small nation to get away short of a constitutional amendment. the problem of cotton futures. with it. If such a doctrine is finally The issue of whether such legislation It will be recalled that some years ago countenanced and used as a precedent, can originate in the Senate was one as- the Congress provided by statute for the then I say most respectfully-and again pect of the routine a~alyses the Republi- establishment of local government in the I am expressing only my own judg­ c~n calen~ar Long Island, began Maj. Gen. William Edward Shamt>a1"a, was gradua ted second in the City College a p.ursery as a hobby in Wyandanch, but hE: Ol6540. class of 1892, ranked similarly at the Colum­ soon found himself wholesaling thousands of To be brigadi er generals bia Universit y College of Physician:; and Sur­ chestnut and fruit trees, garden shrubs, and Brig. Gen. Rex Van Den Corput, Jr.; 012"00. geons in 1895, and place~ first i? th_e subse­ flowers, and could scarcely retire had he quent city -wide internship exa m1natwns. In wanted to. The family said .yesterday that Maj. Gen. Homer Watson Kiefer, 012701. practice a nd research, Dr. Baruch thereafter a private funeral will be held at Bagatelle on Maj. Gen. Crump Garvin, 012746. sha red his father's deep interest in physical Tuesday morning. Maj. Gen. George Hannen, 012816. Maj. Gen. Orlando Clarendon Mood, 014781. Surviving, besides his two brothers, are medicine. Maj. Gen. John Francis Uncles, 014914. Though he continued to write frequently . his second wife, the former Anne Marie, for medical journals, Dr. Baruch in 1903 fol­ Maj. Gen. Robert Nicholas Young, 015068. Baroness Mackay, of the Hague; two children Maj. Gen. Thomas Sherman Timberman, lowed his brother Bernard into finance in by a previous marriage to the late Mrs. Rose­ 015328. the firm of Baruch Bros. Through a merger mary Emetuz Baruch, Robert P . Baruch and in 1918 Baruch Bros. brought special empha­ Maj. Gen. Edwin Kennedy Wright, 015475. Mrs. Marina Symmers, of New York; and Maj. Gen. Charles Day Palmer, 015519. sis to the securities business of H. Hentz & three grandchildren. Co., which this year will celebrate its 97th Maj. Gen. Bruce Cooper Clarke, 016068. anniversary under the same name. The con­ Maj. Gen. Leslie Earl Simon, 015567. Brig. Gen. William Henry Colbern, 06809. solidation made Dr. Baruch a senior partner ADJOURNMENT 1'0 WEDNESDAY in H. Hentz. In 1945 he became a limited Brig. Gen. Charles Wilkes Christenberry, partner, but continued to m aintain an office Mr. TAFT. I move that the Senate 08373. at the commodity house, at 60 Bea ver St reet. adjourn until Wednesday next, at 12 Brig. Gen. Edwin Luther Sibert, 01119~. Brig. Gen. Joseph Jones Twitty, 012079. NAMED TO BRAZIL POST o'clock noon. Brig. Gen. 9eorge Vernon Keyser, 012089. His gradual withdrawal from the stock The motion was agreed to; and United States Army, to be Director of the Na­ Brig. Gen. John Albert Dabney, 016602. Net herlands Lion. On January 1, 1949, he tional Security Agency, with the rank of Brig. Gen. Guy Stanley Meloy, Jr., 016892. submitted his resignation to President Tru­ lieutenant general and as lieutenant general Brig. Gen. Robert Frederick Sink, 016907. man, and it was accepted. in the Army of the United States, under the Dr. Ba ruch's friends said the President's provisions of sections 504 .and 515 of. the To be brigadier generals action came as a surprise to him. Ambas­ Officer Personnel Act of 1947. Col. Kenner Fisher Hertford, 015120. sadors, like other officials of the executive IN THE ARMY Col. William Elgie Carraway, 015144. branch, submit their resignations as a mat­ Chaplain (Col.) Patrick James Ryan, ·· ter of form when the Chief Executive begins Maj. Gen. Samuel Davis Sturgis, Jr., 017363. a new term. Although the Ambassador had 09325, Army of the United States (brigadier Col. Peter Conover Haines 3d, 015657. not been involved in any dispute with the general, U. S. Army), for appointment as Col. David Henry Tulley, 016075. President, Bernard Baruch and the President Chief of Engineers, United States Army, and Col. Richard Walden Ma-yo, 016430. major general in the Regular Army of had been on poor terms for some months. a5 Col. Jeremiah Paul Holland, 016812. On his return to America, Dr. Baruch, as the United States, under the provisions of Col. Walter Morris Johnson, 016835. president of the Simon Baruch Foundation, section 206 of the Army Organization Act Col. Ralph Wise Zwicker, 016878. devoted its resources principally toward dis­ of 1950 and section 513 of the Officer Person­ Col. Earl Clarence Bergquist, 016998. covering the origin and cure of infantile nel Act of 1947. Col. Walter King Wilson, Jr., 017512. p aralysis. Last April he and Bernard Baruch - The following-named officers for appoint­ ·col. John Elliot Theimer, 017566. broke ground for Baru.ch Houses, a · 2,194- ment in the Regular Army of the United Col. William Carson Bullock, 017635 . apartment project under construction on the .States to the grades indicated under the pro­ ·Col. Thomas Weldon Dunn, 018157. lower East Side. The Simon Baruch public visions of title V of the Officer Personnel Col. Carl Irven Hutton, 018177. bath, one of the many his father established Act of 1947: Col. John Phillips Daley, 018358. in New York, will be left standing in the To be major generals Col. Sam Carroll Russell, 018678. project, and recalled the survey the two Maj.· Gen. Whitfield Putnam Shepard, Col. Dwight Edward Beach, 018747. brothers made for the mayor in 1934 for the 011908. -Col. Louis Watson Truman, 018755. extensive renovation of public baths in the -Maj. Gen. Walter Joseph Muller, 012224. Col. William Wilson Qui~n. 019283. city. Maj. Gen. Paul Wolcott Rutledge, 07289. The nominations of Edward Francis Kent BROUGH!£ BROUGHAM IN 1942 Lt. Gen. Williston Birkhimer. Palmer, et al., for transfer in . the Army, and the Dr. Baruch's name was newsworthy from 012246. nominations of William Herschel Allen, Jr., ­ time to time in minor ways. In 1942, with . Maj. Gen. Robert Miller Montague, 012261• . et al., for promotion_in the Regular Army of the oppression of gas rationing, he bought an Maj. Gen. Harlan Nelson Hartness, 012269. the United States, which were confirmed to- ­ elegant red and black brougham and put his -Maj. Gen. Claude Birkett Ferenbaugh, day, were received ·by the Senate on Febru­ chauffeur in appropriate livery. In 1937, 012479. ary 25, 1953, and appear in full in the Senate newspapers told how he financed an expedi­ Maj. Gen. Clovis Ethelbert Byers, 012769. proceedings of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for tion to Brazil to experiment with electric MaJ. Gen. Heney Irving Hodes, 012845. that date, under the caption "Nominations," 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1983 beginning with the name of Edward.Francls Col. Harold Huntley Bassett, 445A. SUPPLY CORPS Kent, shown on page 1404, and e.nding with Col. Thomas Jefferson Dubose, 470A. Charles G. DeKay the name of June Elizabeth. Williams on page Col. Harold Winfield Grant, 497A. Frederick w. Hesser 1411. Col. James Leroy Jackson, 503A. IN THE AJn FORCE Col. Stoyte Ogleby Ross, 531A. CIVIL ENGINEER CORPS The following-named officers for appoint­ Col. Frederick Earl Calhoun, 545A. Joseph F. Jelley ment in the Regular Air Force to the grades Col. Royden Eugene Beebe, Jr., 587A. DENTAL CORPS Col. Richard Tide Coiner, Jr., 619A. indicated under the provisions of title V of Ralph W. Malone the Officer Personnel Act of 1947: · Col. Edward Willis Suarez, 633A. Col. Sidney Francis Giffin, 649A. The nominations of Norgren B. Allen et al. To be major generals Col. Marvin Edward Kennebeck, 18819A. (with the exception of Eleanor M. Halm to be Maj. Gen. Roger Maxwell Ramey, 91A. Col. Russell Keillor, 798A. a li_eutenant in the Nurse Corps of the Navy, Maj. Gen; Francis Hopkins Griswold, 94A. Col. Loyd Eugene Griffis, 19047A. WhlcJ:l was confirmed on March 6, ·1953), for Maj. -Gen. George Warren Mundy, 358A. Col. William Jeffers Kennard, 19048A. appomtment in the Navy or in the Marine Maj. Gen. Walter Edwin Todd, 361A. · Col. Richard Mattern Montgomery, 1025A. Corps, which were confirmed today, were re­ Maj. Gen. Frank Port Everest, 366A. Col. Richard Elmer Ellsworth, 1115A. ceived by the Senate on Mar.ch 4, 1953, and Maj. Gen. Frederic Harrison Smith, Jr., Col. James Howard Walsh, 1120A. appear in full in the Senate proceedings of 461~ . . Col. Chester Witten Cecil, Jr., 1298A. the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Of that date under Maj. Gen. William Fulton McKee, 467A. Col. Augustus Maine Minton, 1301A. the caption "Nominations," beginning with Maj. Gen. Emery Scott Wetzel, 464A. Col. William Porter Farnsworth, A0922626. the name of Norgren B. Allen on page 1629 Maj. Gen. Edward Wharton Anderson, Col. Edgar Eugene Glenn, 160A. and ending with the name of Robert J. 514A. Col. Herbert Leonard Grills, 432A. Vroegindew.ey, which appears on page 1630. Maj. Gen. Robert Whitney Burns, 527A. Col. Robert Shuter Macrum, 519A. Col. Llewellyn Owen Ryan, 52JA. •• .. ... •• To be origadier generals Brig. Gen. John Morris Hargreaves, 233A.· Col. Daniel Webster Jenkins, 528A. Maj. Gen. Lucas Victor Beau. 174A. Col. Stanley Tanner Wray, 608A. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Maj. Gen. Byron Elihu Gates, 186A. Col. Thomas Samuel Moorman, Jr., 644A. Maj. Geri. Colby Maxwell Myers, 246A. Col. Claude Edward Duncan, 686A. MONDAY, MARCH 16, 1953 Brig. Gen. Alfred Henry Johnson, 270A. Col. Millard Chester Young, 934A. Maj. Gen. John Stewart Mills, 357A. Col. William Sebastian Stone, 1059A. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. Brig. Gen. Homer LeRoy Sanders, 411A. Col. Raymond Judson Reeves, 1082A. The Chaplain, Rev: Bernard Braskamp, Brig. Gen. Thomas Benton McDonald, Col. Thomas Cebern Musgrave, Jr., 1129A. D. D., offered the following prayer: 469A. Col. Russell Lee Waldron, 1164A. Brig. Gen. John Walker Sessums,. ;Jr., 489A. Col. John Dale Ryan, 1418A. 0 Thou who art unchanging in Thy Brig. Gen. Lewis R. Parker, 438A. Col. William Hugh Blanchard, 1445A. love and goodness, we are again turning Brig. Gen. Jarred Vincent Crabb, 535A. Col. Clifford Harcourt Rees, 630A. unto Thee for guidance and strength, for Maj-. Gen. Oliver Stanton Picher, 540A. Col. William Edward Rentz, 918A. Col. Charles Wesley Schott, 949A. courage and hope. · Maj. Gen. Mark Edward Bradley, Jr., 552A. We thank Thee that Thou art always Maj. Gen. William Dole Eckert, 560A. Col. William Monte Canterbury, 1071A. Maj. Gen. Edward Julius Timberlake, 603A. Col. Charles Pratt Brown, 1185A. willing to satisfy our nameless longings Maj. Gen. Archie Jordan Old, Jr., 605A. Col. Major Samuel White, 19056A. and to give us of Thy companionship Maj. Gen. Herbert Bishop Thatcher, 634A. Col. James Oscar Guthrie, 1266A. and counsel as we walk the ways of life, Maj. Gen. Dan Clark Ogle, 602A. Col. Henry Russell Spicer, 1487A. which at times seem so very dark and Col. Thomas Patrick Gerrity, 1613A. devious. The following-named ·officers for tempo­ Col. Ralph Emanuel Fisher, 240A. rary appointment in the United States Air Col. Woodbury Megrew Burgess, 323A. May Thy spirit of peace and power Force under the provisions of section 515, Col. Alvord Van Pattern Anderson, Jr., descend upon our troubled minds and Officer Personnel Act of 1947: 371A. hearts, lifting us out of those fears which To be major generals Col. Glynne Morgan Jones, 398A. paralyze our energies into a faith which Brig. Gen. Haywood Shepherd Hansell, Jr., Col. Alfred Frederick Kalberer, 607A. inspires us with confidence and joy. A017468. Col. Ethelred Lundy Sykes, 914A. Wilt Thou illumine our souls with a Brig. Gen. Edmund Clarence Langmead, Col. Benjamin Jepson Webster, 974A. glorious vision of the fulfillment of Thy 207A. Col. George Stewart Cassady, 994A. gracious promises when all our doubts Brig. Gen. Robert Lynn Copsey, A0104024. Col. Karl Truesdell, Jr., 1023A. Brig. Gen. Thomas Randall Rampy, Col. Joseph D. Croft Caldara, 1048A. shall be dispelled and righteousness and A0922780. Col. Albert Theodore Wilson, Jr., 1086A. truth shall be victorious. Brig. Gen. John Morris Hargreaves, 233A. Col. Ira David Snyder, 854A. To Thy name we ascribe the praise. Brig. Gen. Homer LeRoy Sanders, 411A. Col. Howell Marion Estes, Jr., 1211A. Amen. Brig. Gen. Lewis R. Parker, 438A. Col. Joseph James Nazzaro, 1241A. The Journal of the proceedings of Brig. Gen. Thomas Benton McDonald, Col. Joseph Stanley Holtoner, 1283A. 469A. Thursday, March 12, 1953, was read and Col. John Dudley Steve~son, 1320A. Brig. Gen. Joseph Harold Hicks, 227A. approved. Brig. Gen. Paul Ernest Ruestow, 548A. · Col. Thomas Alan Bennett, .1513A. Brig. Gen. David Hodge Baker, 557A. IN THE NAVY Brig. Gen. David William Hutchison, 601A. The following-named officers of the Navy SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED Brig. Gen. John Raymond Gilchrist, 836A. for temporary promotion to the grade of rear Mr. VELDE asked and was given per­ Brig. Gen. Kingston Eric Tibbetts, 436A. admiral in the line and staff corps indicated, mission to address the House on Wednes­ Brig. Gen. Jarred Vincent Crabb, 535A. subject to qualification therefor as provided Brig. Gen. Harlan Clyde Parks, 472A. day next for 30 minutes, following the Brig. Gen. Morris John Lee, 556A. by law: legislative business of the day and any Brig. Gen. Robert Edward Lee Eaton, 594A. LINE special orders heretofore entered. Brig. Gen. Gabriel Poillon Disosway, 654A. Joseph M. Carson Edward N. Parker Brig. Gen. Albert Boyd, 424A. Charles F. Chilling- Lewis S . Parks Brig. Gen. Leigh Wade, A0403535. ·worth, Jr. Robert B. Pirie AMERICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC Brig. Gen. Delmar Taft Spivey, 385A. Howard L. Collins Lester K. Rice Brig. Gen. John Koehler Gerhart, 525A. Henry Crommelin James S. Russell ACTION Brig. Gen. Elmer Blair Garland, 322A. William L. Erdmann John H. Sides Mr. CLARDY. Mr. Speaker, I ask Brig. Gen. Charles. Raeburne Landon, 712A. Harry H. Henderson John Sylvester unanimous consent to address the House Brig. Gen. Lee Bird Washbourne, 810A. Ira E. Hobbs - Edmund B. Taylor for 1 minute and to revise and extend • Brig. Gen. James McCormack, Jr., 17981A. Willard K. Goodney John M. Taylor George C. Towner my remarks. To be brigadier generals Peter W. Haas, Jr. Robert S. Hatcher David M. Tyree The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Col. Auby Casey Strickland, 134A. Frederick N. Kivette Frederick B. Warder the request of the gentleman from Col. Ray Henry Clark, 212A. Victor D. Long Joseph H. Wellings Michigan? Col. John Phillips Kirkendall, 234A. Redfield Mason Austin W. Wheelock There was no objection. Col. James William Andrew, 289A. A,rmand M. Morgan George C. Wright 'Col. Joseph Gerard Hopkins, 339A. Mr. CLARDY. Mr. Speaker, there is Col. Edward Harold Porter, 346A. MEDICAL CORPS an old saw to the effect that some peo­ Col. Joseph Arthur Bulger, 379A. Thomas F. Cooper. French R. Moore ple achieve fame and others have it Col. Edwin Lee Tucker, 420A• . James R. FUlton Ocie B. Morrison, Jr. Col. Benjamin Scovill Kelsey, 433A. Bartholomew w. thrust upon them. I guess I am in that Col. Rayman~ Lloyd Winn, 435A. Hogan · latter category because I was joined with XCIX--125 1984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE March 16 · you· Saturday in the column of a gen- testimony of the generals makes sense to more than a Trojan horse. We regret tleman I shall leave unnamed but de- me for each is telling just what he wants exceedingly that this-prophecy proves to . f th to paint his picture. My experience was on nominate as the champion 1Iar 0 e the lowest possible level, so it may b~ pre- be correct. United States. He lied about me as he sumptuous of me to even bother to write. Surely, Mr. Speaker, our leadership did about you, Mr. Speaker. I mention Be that as it may, in November of 1952 every will not forever remain blind to the real this only because.as time goes on, and he mortar, recoilless rifle, tank, and art1llery purpose and design of the Kremlin, names me again, each time he lies I shall piece had an ammunition allocation, and · the destruction of our economy. We call it to the attention of the House. expenditures in excess of the authorized repeat again what we have pointed out saturday was No. 1. The only thing I amount had to be explained to higher head· on this floor and elsewhere over a period re~lly regret about it is he had an idea quarters. The three forward observers un­ of the past 7 years: that I had not thought of first. He said der my supervision were constantly remind- ed of the ammunition restrictions. Orders Russia wants neither war nor peace. Her that I had suggested investigating were published that 15 enemy had to be real purpose is to bleed us white; and through Americans for Demac:r:atic Action. I have spotted in a group before the torward ob­ the· resultant chaos and confusion divide done no such thing, but it is a very good server could fire on them. All of these re­ . and conquer. idea. That leftwing outfit has approved strictions made· for supply economy but were the teaching of communism in our frustrating to the little men fighting the schools. It has sponsored the idea tha't war (such a war as it is). SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED teachers be allowed to belong to the So Van Fleet is corr~ct that there was a . - · · d. shortage, Clark is right that there is never Mr. WINSTEAD asked and was given Co~umst Party. Maybe we. shoul · · enough for those who want to shoot it, and permission to address the House for 20 look mto the antecedents of that outfit. from the Olympian heights of Collins it may minutes on tomorrow, following the leg- · be true that there is plenty in the stock­ islative program and any special orders piles. AMMUNITION SHORTAGE heretofore entered. Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. Speaker, letters of this nature are unanimous consent to address the House approaching epidemic frequency. What can 10,000 congressional investigations CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION OF UNI­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend VERSITY OF FLORIDA my remarks. prove more than these letters prove? The SPEAKER. Is there objection to I say let us have an end to words and Mr. MATTHEWS. Mr. 'speaker, I ask the request of. the gentleman from let us have a little action in the Defense unanimous consent to address the House Ohio? Department, and woe be to the little man for 1 minute and to revise and extend my There was no objection. whose dereliction of duty has been re­ remarks. · . Mr. JENKINS. · Mr. Speaker, · a lady sponsible for a single 'drop of American The SPEAK:IPR. Is there objection to in my home county in Ohio a few days blood. · the request of the gentleman from ago sent one of her sons to see the State Florida? representative, who also lives in my home FOREIGN POLICY There was no objection. . city, and she wanted the State repre­ ~r. ·COLMER. Mr. Speaker, I . ask Mr. MATTHEWS. · Mr. Speaker, the sentative to call me by telephone to unanimous consent to address the House first formal celebration· of the centennial deliver to me a telephone message that for.1 minute. year of the University of Florida will be she had gotten from her son, who was The SPEAKER. Is there objection to held March 19-21, when Gen. James A. then in Seoul, Korea. She wanted me Van Fleet, alumnus, former football the request of . the gentleman from coach, and professor of military science · to know that her son told her that it Mississippi? · was true that they had been repulsed There was no .object_ion. and tactics, will be an honored guest. and driven back from· Triangle Hill, be­ Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, if there ·Many other outstanding figures·wm take cause they did not have sufficient guns were any doubt in the minds of those in · part in the 3-day educational program·. and ammunition with which to ade­ charge of our foreign policy or for that Because of its system of student gov­ quately carry on their attacks or to de­ matter of just the ordinary layman as ernment, the University of Florida has fend themselves adequately. Her· son to what the policy of the new Soviet made a great impact on the State and had said that quite a number of his com­ regime is to be, that doubt should now Nation, and many of the political lead­ panions were waiting in a long line at be dispelled. ers of the State received .their early that time to get to the telephone so they The Supreme soviet met in Moscow training as student leaders on the could call their parents in the United yesterday. The new dictator, Georgi campus of the university. Seven of the States to tell them the same story. · Her Malenkov, told his applauding hireling 10 men in the Florida congressional son said that he had been at the front delegates from behind the Iron Curtain delegation are University of Florida since October. . that there are no controversial issues alumni. The Governor of. Florida, most Mr. Speaker, this is eloquent t~stimony with the capitalistic world. that cannot of the members of his cabinet, and many as to whether our boys on the bleak be settled peacefully. members of the State legislature are fighting front have been neglected. Surely this propaganda has a familiar former students of this great institu­ However much this story of a shortage ring. It was to the tune of similar state- tion. of ammunition d~stresses us, we hope 'it ments that his predecessor, Dictator · I feel that the contributions . of .the will never occur again. Stalin, committed many warlike ges- · University of Florida, which · is located . tures and aggressions. We get again the in my d.istrict, the Eighth Congressional AMMUNITION SUPPLY IN KOREA ·. picture of the masters of the Kremlin District of Florida, are of such major holding the olive branches in one-hand significance. that it is proper I call the Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani- and pulling the strings of international attention of my colleagues to the cen­ mous consent to address the House for 1 discor_d with the other. Yes, the pattern tennial celebration of this great insti- · minute and to revise and extend my re- is the same with the exception of new tution of higher learning. marks. faces in the picture. Peace propaganda TP.is year is the 100th anniversary of The S:flEAKER. Is there objection to is broadcast while at the same time our the founding_ of the University of Florida. the request of the gentleman from innocent planes are being shot down On January 6, 1853, Gov. Thomas Broome Virginia? from the skies. signed the bill which created the East • There was no objection. Mr. Speaker, it has now been some 2 Florida Seminary-the first State-sup- Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, I have on years since American and allied leaders ported institution of higher learning­ my desk a letter whose contents are of were lulled into a false sense of security from which the College · of Arts and timely interest and should be brought to and misled ·into giving up the advan- Sciences of the present University of the attention cf the congress. It was tages gained in Korea at the expense of Florida traces its origin. written by an officer only recently re- so much American blood by a simple sug- Public desire for higher education in turned from the battlefields of Korea. gestion of one of the Kremlin's hire- Flo~ida goes back to 1824, 2 years after With your permission, I will quote a few lings, Malik, that there was no reason Florida became a Territory. At that excerpts: why a truce should not be had in Korea. time, public land was set aside. for two The reason for my letter Is the current At that time, we took this floor to ad- seminaries, one east of the suwannee investigation of ammunition in Korea. The · monish our leaders that this was nothing River, and one west; · 1953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD~ HOUSE 1985 In 1837, 8 years before Florida became munism. The· Kremlin leaders deSpise them from finding employment else- a ·State, a board of trustees was ap­ religion, but American church leaders where. · pointed for the university that was to be. know, or should know, that the Com­ This situation exists because coal Not until 1851 was an enabling act munists are not indifferent to the possi­ mines are being closed down for lack of passed which made action possible. bilities of exploiting the Soviet-sponsored markets due to the excessive importa­ After the eloquent appeal for the cause Russian Orthodox Church of America, tion of fuel oil. That the importation is of higher education made by Gilbert which is controlled by the Kremlin excessive and serious can be seen from a !'{ingsbury, principal of a private school through the Moscow archbishop. look at the recorded figures. In 1946, already in existence in Ocala, the Florida The Committee on Un-American Ac­ 44,647,000 barrels of residua:! oil were Legisl&ture agreed to adopt his school as tivities has and will continue to expose imported from foreign sources, but in the East Florida Seminary. communism. It has an excellent record 1952 there were 126,964,000 barrels im­ During the Civil War years, the young of public service in exposing and warn­ ported, or an increase of almost 300 per­ school struggled, but a reorganization ing the American people of the evils of cent. Inasmuch as a ton of coal is moved it to Gainesville in 1866, where it communism, and we must not permit equivalent in energy value to 4.167 barrels functioned until 1905. baseless propaganda to injure the work of residual oil the 1952 importation rep­ Meanwhile, other State-supported of the committee. resents the equivalent loss of some 31 schools of higher learning were com­ • I am confident that the Committee on million tons of coal. peting for scholars and funds. Con­ Un-American Activities will proceed in ·cumulatively, the volume of fuel oil sequently, in 1905, the Buckman Act its important work of combatting the imported a:rpounts to 592,390,000 barrels called for a consolidation of these menace of communism and Communist through the seven years since 1946. Ex­ schools into the University of Florida for propaganda and infiltration with the pressing this same amount of oil in boys at Gainesville; the Florida Female highest regard and respect for academic equivalent tons of bituminous coal, we College-later Florida State University­ freedom and the state of due process arrive at the stupendous figure of 142,- and the Florida Agricultural and and protection of the law of our land, and 163,000 tons of coal whicr. have remained Mechanical College for Negroes, both in without injury to basic safeguards of our unmined or unutilized. Since the price Tallahassee. che!'ished freedom in America. of coal has varied from $3.44 in 1946 to Supervision was placed with the ooard $4.95 in 1952, the cumulative total ofrev­ of control, representing the seven geo­ enue loss in the seven years amounts to graphical regions of the State. Schools, WEST VIRGINIA BITUMINOUS COAL $671,057,000; and predicated on the fact incorporated into the University of INDUSTRY that the median number of tons mined Florida, were located in St. Petersburg, Mr. BYRD. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ per day per man averaged 6.3 to 7.2 Bartow, Gainesville, and Lake City. mous consent to address the House for 1 tons during the period, one can say that Buildings were also erected at Eau Gal­ minute. the aggregate loss of man-days for the lie, but the proposed school there never seven years amounts to 21,086,000 days. The SPEAKER. Is there ·objection to The average hourly earnings of the bitu­ functioned. the request of the gentleman from West In 1935, the University of Florida pio­ minous coal miner since 1946 have fluctu­ neered in the field of higher education by Virginia? ated from $1.40 to $2.25. The aggregate establishing the University College cur­ There was no objection. loss of wages which could have been riculum for the first 2 years. This is a Mr. BYRD. Mr. Speaker, the district earned by coal miners for coal displaced general liberal arts course which is re­ which I represent in the Congress is lo­ by foreign oil amounts to a cumulative quired before a student may enter a cated in the heart of the bituminous coal total of $335,992,000 since 1946. specialized professional course. fields of southern West Virginia. The Not only is the coal industry hard hit In 1947, the University of Florida be­ Mountain State produces more . bitumi­ by the dumping of residual oil in this came coeducational, and a $20,000,000 nous coal than any other Stat~ in the country, but the railroads are likewise ·building program was launched. Union, and the second and third largest being made to suffer. Railroads trans­ Today, in the centennial year of 1953, coal producing counties are a part of my port approximately 83 percent of all coal the University of Florida has. an 1,800- congressional district. produced, so that the railroads did not acre campus, a plant valued at $35% · During the past several years the carry 25,289,000 tons of coal not pro­ million, a faculty of over 1,300, a student economy of that section of West Virginia duced due to displacement by oil. Since body of over 9,000, and consists of 10 has been a healthy economy, founded as 194& this loss has amounted to 119,217,- colleges and 4 divi~ions. it is upon a healthy and prosperous coal 000 tons. The Interstate Commerce industry. At the present time the coal Commission has estimated that the av­ industry is a sick industry and the result­ erage railroad freight rate per ton dur­ COMMITTEE ON UN-AMERICAN ing effect upon the economy of my State ing the first nine months of 1952 was ACTIVITIES is being severely felt. Reports show $3.40. By mathematical calculation the Mr. MOULDER. Mr. Speaker, I ask that 14,100 fewer men were employed at revenue loss suffered by the railroads unanimous consent to address the House · the mines in December 1952 than in De­ during ·1952 amounted to $85,983,000. for 1 minute. cember 1951. The cumulative total since 1946 is The SPEAKER. Is there objection to My own Beckley area has been experi­ $358,346,000. the request of the gentleman from encing an employment decline since 1950,. Since from figures generally accept­ Missouri? the lack .of coal markets bringing about able to the ICC, labor receives about 48.2 There was no objection. a closing of numerous small mines and cents out of each railroad-revenue dol­ Mr. MOULDER. Mr. Speaker, be.cause also retarding the opening of new opera­ lar, another simple mathematical cal­ of recent publications and statements tions. There were about 1,350, or 12 culation reveals that railroad labor took criticizing, misconstruing, and exagger­ percent, fewer coal miners employed in approximately $41% million of the total ating the meaning of personal expres­ this area in January 1953 than in the. transportation loss resulting from im­ sion of opinion in answer to hypothetical same month in 1952 . . Seven operations ported residual's displacement of coal. questions propounded to the chairman of have shut down completely and under­ Not only does the deluge of residual oil the Committee on Un-American ·Activi­ employment has become fairly prevalent, weaken the coal industry, rob the miners ties, I take this time and opportunity to a three-day week being relatively com­ and the mine owners, railroads and rail­ say, as a member of the Committee on mon and with some mines operating one road workers, oil industry owners and Un-American Activities, that the com­ day per week. oil workers, of profits and jobs and mittee has never given any considera:. The decline in the coal industry has wages, but it also undermines our Na­ tion to investigation of communism· in affected other industries, and of a total tion's self -sufficiency. the churches or the clergy of America. labor force of 25,500 in the Beckley area, The United States production of resid­ The subject has never been ' considered a total of 2,800, or ove:: ten percent, were ual fuel oil has been held relatively con­ cr mentioned in any respect by the com­ unemployed in January. Practically all stant over the postwar years, with the mittee. In fact the clergy. and churches of the unemployed are men, many of· 1951-52 figures being only 2 and 5 per:. of our country have been and are the whom are over forty-five years of age,. cen4; over the 1946-48 averages. On the most.powerful and effective force in our with none other than-mining experience, other hand, world oil production and figh~ against the godless slavery -of com-. ~ fact which in many instances ptecludes refinery operations outside the United 198G CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - ·HOUSE March 16 states have grown rapidly in the last SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED SOCIAL SECURITY decade. Foreign refineries produce a Mr. BUSBEY asked and was given per­ Mr.'KEAN: Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ substantially higher proportion of re­ mission to address the House for 35 min­ mous consent to address the House for 1 sidual oil than do the United states utes today, following any special orders minute. refineries, partly because of the refinery heretofore entered. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to processes used and partly because of the Mr. SIMPSON of Illinois (at the re­ the request of the gentleman from New gravity of the crudes used. Cheap for­ quest of Mr. HALLECK) was given per­ Jersey? eign residual entering the American mission to address the House for 10 min­ There was no objection. ports in quantity results in depressed utes today, following the other special Mr. KEAN. Mr. Speaker, statistics prices for residual oil domestically pro­ orders. show that there is more need by more duced and depressed prices for coal from - people for social-security coverage today eastern fields which must meet the com­ GREAT LAKES STORM DAMAGE than there was 18 years ago when the petition of foreign residual or get out system was started. · of the market altogether. .DEDUCTION ON IN.COME-TAX RE­ The number of people who are 65 and Mr. Speaker, the time has come when TURNS · · over quadrupled between.1900 and 1950~ ·· we, the Memt»ers of the Congress, must Mr: OLIVER P. BOLTON. Mr. Speak­ If the present trend continues, 325,000 pursue not a policy that is detriment~! er, I ask unanimous consent to address • more people will live beyond the age of to the economy of this Nation and which the House for 1 minute and to revise and 65 this year than did in 1952. impairs its strength while . enrichipg extend my remarks. · Today we have about 13,000,000 people other nations, but a policy that will The SPEAKER. Is there objection to in the United States who have passed the strengthen our beloved country bY. as­ the request of the ' gentleman from age of 65. This is almost 6,000,000 more. suring development· of its own oil and Ohio? than there were when the social-security coal-the basic energy sources on which There was no objection. system was started in 1935. we must pin our hope if war comes. Mr. OLIVER P. BOLTON. Mr. Speak­ The proportion of people older than And who is thue to say that the hour er; it has been brought to my attention 65 in the overall population is increasing, is not already near at hand? that on Friday last the Commissioner too. In 1900, for example, those over In these perilous days, there can be of Internal Revenue handed down a rul­ 65 represented Qnly 4 percent of the total no choice. It is time to act. Twenty-one. ing which affects not only the people of population. Today they represent 8 per- · bills, including my own, have been in­ my district but the citizens of all Great cent and, in another 20 years or so, it is troduced in this body which would limit Lakes States. estimated they will represent about 20 the permissible importation of foreign Under this ruling, which comes under percent. residual fuel oil in any calendar quarter section 23 (e) (3) of the Internal Reve­ Facts show that relatively few older to five percent of the total domestic de­ nue Code, 'as limited by section 24 (a), people are working today. In 1900 about mand for the corresponding quarter of the Bureau has taken the position that 60 percent of those over 65 worked. To­ the previous year. damage which is done to property by day only 40 percent of that group work. I hope that the Congress will act storm or some. other sudden . event of It seems obvious that ·it would be for quickly to stop the flood· of ~heap re­ nature may be deducted from gross in-: the good of the country to broaden soda! sidual which is creating havoc within our come when computing net income for security now so that practically all the midst. tax purposes; while damage which is gainfully employed can receive protec­ done to the same property by erosion or tion under some type of retirement sys­ T~RELIEF . inundation cannot be so deducted. tem. In this ·way people will have the Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker,. Under the provisions of this ruling, basic protection of social security upon I ask unanimous consent to address the Mr. Speaker, a man whose house is along which they can build additional protec­ House for 1 minute and to revise and ex­ the lake and whose basement is flooded tion through their own private arrange-·. tend my remarks. or whose walls are broached by the high ments. · The SPEAKER. Is there objection to water of a storm, may deduct the cost the request of the gentleman from of. repairing that damage from his in­ COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT Missouri? come, but the same man whose founda­ OPERATIONS There was no objection. tions are shaken because the bank is Mr. BROWNSON. Mr. Speaker, I ask Mr. JONES of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, washed a way by exceptionally high unanimous consent that the Committee during the past few weeks literally mil­ waters is not permitted· to deduct the on Government Operations may have lions of income-tax returns have been cost of repairs made to his house because until midnight tonight to file a report filed by persons who while they are not of this exceptionally high water. As a on House Joint Resolution 223. liable for any tax payments have been matter of fact, if he moves his house or forced spend $4 or $5 to have their · repairs a seawall prevent the damage The SPEAKER. Is there objecti-on to to to the request of the gentleman from returns prepared. because of this erosion, he is deemed to Indiana? · While the battling forces of this Re­ be improving his property instead of sav­ publican administration are accomplish­ ing it. There was no objection. ing nothing in the way of tax relief and Mr. Speaker, as usual the legal reason­ because of this lack of agreement are ing behind the interpretation of the stat­ INCOME TAXES actually contributing to the possible loss ute would appear logical and clear on the of a substantial source of income, basis of precedent, and the Bureau is Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speaker, namely, .the· excess-profits tax, which will undoubtedly on firm legal ground, but I ask unanimous consent to address the expire without giving any relief to those House for 1 minute and to revise and ex­ this is not just a question of clear legal tend my remarks. who need it most, I want to call the at­ interpretation-it is also a question of tention of the leadership to a relief right and justice. It is my hope that the The SPEAKER. Is there objection to which can be extended to millions of. Committee on Ways and Means will in­ the request of the gentleman from New persons in the lower income brackets stitute such legislation as is necessary York? without any loss of revenue to the Fed­ to correct this interpretation of the law There was no objection. eral Government by giving attention to which brings about such inequity. There· Mr. REED of New York. Mr. Speak­ a proposed change which would elimi-. has been property damages in excess of er, the Federal individual income tax is nate the filing of returns by those whose $60 millions in the Great Lakes Basin now so high that it complicates business, income is not sufficient to require a pay- stifles the development of new industries ment. · area- during the years 1947 to 1952 be­ and the expansion of pay rolls. Also, Mr. Speaker, if this administra­ cause of the abnormally high-water level The present individual income tax is tion is actually interested in giving re­ of the Great Lakes. Those whose prop­ diminishing drastically the purchasing lief to those . who are in the greatest erty has been damaged by. this abnor-. power of every United States community. need ! 'respectfully call your attention to mally high water should receive equal These oppressive taxes should be re­ the advisability of increasing the exemp­ treatment with those whose property has duced and the Government should pro­ tion rather than reducing the percent­ been damaged by the abnormally high tect. the people in the possession of the age of tax. water of a storm. money they have earned by the sweat of 1;153 CONGRESSIONAL-RECORD-· HOUSE 1987 their brow, instead of robbing them of Taxation in a word means depression, With the following committee amend­ their earnings. through exorbitant tax­ and it also means oppression, and exces­ ments: ation. sive taxation means destruction. Let Page 1, line 8, after "committee", strike H. R. 1, a bill to reduce taxes, is tore­ the people. keep the money they earn. out "or subcommittee." lieve the people of some of the crushing Let them be able to buy what they want Page 1, line 9, after "committee", strike tax load now depriving them of the lib­ and need. Let their purchases stimu­ out "or subcommittee." late production and employment. Men erty to spend their own income. '!'he. The committee amendments were following editorial is in point: at work make production and prosper..:.. agreed to. ity-not men on a dole. If spending i's a People only have so much money to spend, The resolution as amended was and if things cost more, they buy less of stimulus to prosperity, let the people agreed to. them. , spend their own money, on themselves, And when people buy less things, less. and on their fellow workers and not on A motion to reconsider was laid on · things are made. And when less things are an ever-increasing horde of idle, useless the table. made, less labor is employed. So when politicians. taxes are high, not only does the consumer The time for the Republican Party to COMMITTEE ON VETERANS' AF­ bear the burden, but labor shares the bur-. FAffiS- STUDIES AND INSPEC­ den. Similarly when taxes are high, less match its promises with performance is manufactured goods are bought and made now, not when it is too late to give the TIONS . and less raw material is used and sold. tax relief to 30 million withholding tax­ Mr. LECOMPTE. Mr. Speaker, by The evil of high·taxation falls blightingly payers on July 1 of this year. These are direction of the Committee on House on the farmer and on the miner, and all the persons who are hoping and praying Administration, I call up House Resolu· producers of raw materials. ·It falls devas­ for the 11-percent increase in their take- tion 168 and ask for its immediate con­ tatingly on the consumer because of high home pay. · prices and his consequent loss of purchasing sideration. power or diminution of return for his money. The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ It falls ruinously upon labor, because the COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND lows: fewer goods are sold the fewer goods are INSULAR AFFAffiS Resolved, That effective March 5, 1953, the manufactured, and the less labor is em­ expenses of conducting the study ·and in­ ployed. It falls destructively upon our Mr. LECOMPTE. Mr. Speaker, by di­ spection authorized by House Resolution 34 foreign trade, because high prices make com­ rection·of the Committee on Hous.e Ad­ of the 83d Congress incurred by the Com­ petition in foreign markets impossible. It ministration, I call up House Resolution mittee on Veterans' Affairs, acting as a whole even opens up competition to foreign na­ 117 and ask for its immediate consid­ or by subcommittee, not to exceed $50,000, tions in our domestic markets; because when eration. including· expenditures for the employment high taxation suffi.ciently raises the cost of The Clerk read the resolution, as fol­ of experts, and clerical, stenographic, and our home products it makes it possible for other assistants, shall be paid out of the foreign manufacturers to pay our tariff and lows: contingent fund of the House on vouchers still compete favorably in our home mar­ Resolved, That the expenses of the inves­ authorized by such committee, signed by kets. tigations to be made pursuant to House Res­ the chairman thereof and approved by the olution 109, by the Committee on Interior Committee on House Administration. The Republican Party promised tax and Insular Affairs (now comprised of the SEc. 2. The offi.cial stenographers to com­ reduction to gain power. Based on this six former Committees on Insular Affairs, mittees may be used at all hearings held in promise the voters elected ·a Republican Territories, Public Lands, Irrigation and the District of Columbia. unless otherwise administration for the first time in 20 Reclamation, Mines and Mining, and Indian officially engaged. Affairs), acting as a whole or by subcom­ years. When the Congressmen· return mittee, not to exceed $50,000, including ex­ The resolution was agreed to. home for their Easter vacation they will penditures for the employment of steno­ A motion to reconsider was laid on the be called upon by their constituents to graphic and other assistants, shall be paid table. explain why they have failed to reduce out of the contingent fund of the House taxes as promised. What will your an­ on vouchers authorized by such committee, CONSENT CALENDAR swer be? What will your answer be when signed by the chairman of such committee, the 1954 congressional election rolls and approved by the Committee on House The SPEAKER. This is Consent Cal­ around? Administration. endar day. The Clerk will call the first You will not need to answer if theRe­ With the following committee amend­ bill on the Consent Calendar. publican Party keeps faith with the ment: voters by passing H. R. 1 to give 11- Page 1, line 1 after the word "That," insert ADDITION TO CAST~LO DE SAN percent reduction to 30 million with­ "effective January 3, 1953." MARCOS NATIONAL MONUMENT holding taxpayers on July 1, 1953. The amendment was agreed to. If H. R. 1 is not passed by the House, The Clerk called the bill y of the country demanded that the visa never stated that the Vi$a must be issued the State Department representative. should be granted. When asked as to nor did I imply that they had been stupid The case then went to the Board of in the handling of the case, as has been what influence was brought to bear in indicated by the newspapers. Appeals for Visa Cases. This B'oard was the Raissa· Browder case the witness made up entirely of political appointees. Consul Pinkerton examined the documents In the opinion, signed by Robert J. stated: when they were submitted by Mrs. Browder I think· it was the White House-Mrs. and was evidently very much perturbed con­ Buckley and Milton J. Helmick, the Roosevelt, that is, Miss Thompson, to Mr. cerning the issuance of the visa as it had been Board said: · - HulJ and to Mr. Berle, and then through to he who had placed the postscript on the It would be a clumsy thing for the United me. letter to Mrs. Browder. Unfortunately, Mr. States· ever to seek to separate her from her Pinkerton had a nervous breakdown some famlly and deport her on . the basis of her Further light ·on the political aspects time previous and for that reason had not alienage from a home in which she has lived of this case is· revealed in a memoran­ been placed actually in charge of the visa nearly 11_years. office. He was annoyed at not being placed dum to Mr. Stettinius from Mr. Travers, in charge but I feel the consul general was The American cdnsular officer in dated October 31, 1944, just a few days­ quite correct as he could not have stood the charge of the-Montreal office was then before-the election. -~e memorandum nervous strain in his nervous condition. We notified that the State Department "has is as follows: must realize that this officer had recently Complying with yoUr request, the follow-, been a patient at St. Elizabeths and to put no ,objection to the -issuance oi an im­ him in charge would have been criminal. migration v~a.. to ~aissa-Mrs. Ea~l- lng is a brief ·resume of the Browder case. ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.- - HOUSE March 16 1994 " Personnel records will show, I believe; that gentlemen state there is no such legisla.. any possible opposition to it. The roughly a month prior to this case being given tion relative to utilities in the District of amendment reads as follows: . any publicity that he had presented himself Columbia. I\ applies to all utilities, and Equality of rights under the law shall not at the Department and, I understand, was is a safeguard in the public interest. be denied or abridged by ·the United States given leave for 1 year without pay or until he I have no way of knowing to what com.. or by any state on account of sex. Con- could regain his mental equilibrium. •tt th" t" . b ss·gned gress and the several States shall have power, I have had many telephone calls from mi ee IS reso1 U Ion WI 11 e a I . · ·. within their respective jurisdictions, to en- newspaper correspondents and have seen Mr. Regardless of w~ere th~ Speake! assi~ns :rorce this article by appropriate legislation. Donoghue of the Hearst papers on two occa- it,! will as~ for Imme~Iate.co~si~era~IOn · 2. This article _shall be inoperative unless sLms. It seems that Mr. Pinkerton went to a of It. I believe the legislatiOn IS JUStified . it shall have been ratified as an amendment lawyer named Grimes to state his case and and a safeguard for the District of Co.. to the Constitution by the legislatures of - it is rumored that Mr. Grimes is a strong lumbia regardless of any present utility three-fourths of the several States. Dewey supporter. You have, no doubt, seen t k ff t 1 that considerable publicity has been _given controversy. 3. This amendment shall a e e ec year on the matter, w:qich I sh_a~l be glad to s:ub- If it has proved a safeguard in Illinois, after the date of. ratification. mit should you desire. it should prove the same for the District May I say that tlfls amenc:im'ent has Mrs. Browder entered . the United . of Columbia. I have talked by _phone had the endorsement of both political States on the visa granted her by the wi~h ~he H~norable George .Pe~rme, of parties in 1944, 1948, and 1952 in their State Department. On April 12, 1946, lllmOis, chairman of the TilmOis Com- party platforms? The Republican she filed a petition for naturalization in m~rce Commission, a~d he st_ated to me Party platform endorsed it as far back · the United States District Court for the that the.la.w has been proven m the pub- as 1940. It merely follows the logical southern District of New York. lie interest. pattern set by the Women's Suffrage On March 31, 1947, the' Immigration. The Illinois law is as follows: amendment· which was passed many and Naturalization Service filed a (1) Whenever the commission finds that years ago and it is a remarkable thing lengthy memorandum setting forth the the capital of any public utility has become that it has not been passed before. impaired, or will be impaired by the payment Some will try to make you believe tha. t history of the Raissa Browd er case, h er of a dividend, the commission shall have activities and atnliations, with the state- power to order said public utility to cease and if this amendment is passed the status . ment that she is ineligible for naturaliza- desist the declaration and payment of any of women will be completely changed. tion and the facts should be presented dividend upon its common and preferred Of course, we know that is utterly ridic­ to the court. ·stock, and no such public utility shall pay ulous. We know that you are not going Thus the case of Raissa Browder lay any dividend upon its common and preferred to change anything fundamentally. quietly gathering dust until, in the dying stock until such impairment shall have been But by this amendment you are going · 1 h d h h made good. to make women first-class citizens. You days of the Fair Dea. s e an er us- (2) No ut111ty shall pay any dividend upon . t k · th U ·t d banq were indicted for perjury. its common stock and preferred stock unless: are gomg o rna e women In e m e If she committed perjury in 1940, why (a) The utility's earnings and earned sur- States first-class citizens as they are in did it take 12 years to discover it? The plus are sufficient to declare and pay same every country in the world that has .a Immigration and Naturalization Service, ~fter provision is made for r~asonable and modern constitution, because in all the' Department of Justice and the State proper reserves. these new constitutions the words ap .. · Department could ·have obtained sutn- (b) The dividend proposed to be paid upon pear that there shall be no discrimina .. · cient information regarding Mrs. Brow- such common stock can reasonably be de- tion ori account of race, creed, color, or der's activities to know that she was per- clared and paid without impairment of the sex. This is also true in the U. N. pre- ·uring herself when she testified under a~ility of the utility to perform its duty to amble where women are given full : J . render reaso.nable and adequate service at oath. In fact, the-record favors the con- reasonable rates. equality and 'Where it is so stated. elusion that the several Government (c) It shall have set aside the depreciation Some may say: Oh, well, women. are agencies and departments were aware of annuity prescribed by the commission or a very well-treated in the United States, the fact. Who is responsible for this reasonable depreciation annuity if none has in fact they have many advantages mess? There is much more to the Brow- been prescribed. that they will lose under this legisla.. der case, but time does not permit a de- If any dividends on common stock are pro- tion. That, of course, is a matter for tained analysis. posed to be declared and paid other than as debate. Maybe some women do have above provided, the utility shall give the · Mr. Speaker, I urge that this matter commission at least 30 days' notice in writing privileges, maybe a small group is very ·be referred to the proper committee of of its intention to so declare and pay such well taken care of, maybe there is a the House for a thorough and complete dividends and the commission shall author- wealthy class where women have larger investigation and determination as to lze the payment of such dividends only if it incomes, where they pay a big income who is responsible for this deliberate and finds that the public interest requires such tax, where they are protected; but there · willful evasion of our laws. Any com- payment: Provided, however, That the com- are many women, the rank and file of mittee of Congress is welcome to all the mission may grant such authority upon such women in the United States,.· who do not information I have concerning the rna- conditions as it may deem necessary to safe- have this protection. guard the public interest. nipulations by the State Department to Mr. Speaker, although it may not · obtain a visa for the wife of the head come under the same act, women will of the Communist Party of the United THE EQUAL-SUFFRAGE AMEND- never get equal pay for equal work until States. MENT they have equal rights. That is the The SPEAKER. Under the previous primary and the fundamental reason PUBLIC UTILITIES LEGISLATION order of the House, the gentlewoman why this amendment should be written from New York [Mrs. ST. GEORGE] is into the .Constitution of the United The SPEAKER. Under the previous recognized for 15 minutes. States. But granting that we pass this order of the House, the gentleman from Mrs. ST. GEORGE. Mr. Speaker, on amendment in the House and that it is Illinois [Mr. SIMPSON] is recognized for passed in the other body, as we hope 10 minutes. the opening day of the present session it will be-it is sponsored in the other of the 83d Congress I introduced House Mr. SIMPSON of Illinois. Mr. Speak- . Joint Resolutiol;l74, known as the equal- body by the distinguished Senator from er, today I am introducing a resolutio·n rights amendment. I also introduced Maryland,· Senator BuTLER-even then relative . to the regulation of utilities this resolution in the 82d and in the Slst it is still up_to the States. If the States_ within the District of Columbia. Similar Congresses and also sponsored it for a reject it, it will not become a part of. legislation has been public law in Tilinois the Constitution. Therefore I cannot see since 1934. In our State it is called the brief time in the 80th Congress after the why Members of this body should be so Illinois Public Utility Act, impairment passing of Mr. Robsion, of Kentucky, fearful about contemplating the passage of capital of public utility, dividends; who was the original sponsor. of this amendment. powers of commission. We have worked with many women's May I say for tpose who are afraid Before introducing this resolution I organizations and many women and' frightened by certain pressure have conferred with Mr. Harrison, of the throughout the country for the passage groups, that there is a change in the corporation counsel's otnce. Mr. Har­ of this amendment. It is a ·very simple , temper of the country toward this rison has conferred with Mr. Spencer, of amendment and it is a constant source . _amendment? Many organizations that the utilities commission. Both of ·these of amazement to me that there can be used to be against it are now coming· 1953. CONGRESSIONAL ..RECORD- HOUSE 1995 over to our side; some who are more for his country that the women cannot . Massachusetts: HAROLD D. :QoNOHUE, ED· obstinate in their opposition merely say do. On the other. h~nd, the women ~re WARD P. BOLAND. that now they have no objection, that doing something for their country that Michigan: GERALD R. FORD, Jr., RUTH they do not consider the amendment the veteran and the men cannot do. So THOMPSON, ALVIN M. BENTLEY. will make too much difference. They Minnesota; EuGENE J. McCARTHY, HAROLD we .know, and we admit, and we welcome C. HAGEN. even say that the amendment will not the fact that there is a difference be­ Missouri: MoRGAN M. MoULDER. make any difference. tween the sexes, and we know that this Nebraska: It· D. HARRISON, A. L. MILLER. People will ask: How about your spe­ amendment will in no way .change the Nevada: CLIFTON YOUNG. cial legislation for women? The answer facts of life and will in no way change New Jersey: CHARLES R. ,HoWELL, W~LLIAM to that is a very simple one. What ·the laws governing these differences. B. WmNALL, GoRDON CANFIELD, FRANK c. about your special legislation for veter­ I am happy to report that 12 identical OSMERS, Jr. ans? Does that put them in a different bills have been introduced into this New York: STUYVESANT WAINWRIGHT, ABRA• Congress. · HAM J. MULTER, KATHARINE ST. GEORGE, J. category? Does that say that they will ERNEST WHARTON, LEO W. O'BRIEN, DEAN P. not have equal rights under the Con­ Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent TAYLOR, BERNARD W. (PAT) KEARNEY, WIL• stitution? Why; of course we have to to insert as part of my remarks the num­ LIAM E. MILLER, EDMUND P. RADWAN, JOHN R. have special legislation for many groups, bers of these bills, as well as the names ,PILLION, DANIEL A. REED, ALBERT H. BoscH, but th~t does not change their consti­ of the sponsors, and a list of 122 Mem­ WILLIAM R. WILLIAMS. tutional rights. We have to have spe­ bers of this House who have expressed North Dakota: USHER L. BURDICK, OTTo cial legislation for the needy, for the sick, themselves as being favorable toward KRUEGER. for the aged, for the veterans, and, if you this amendment. Ohio: FRAZIER REAMS, THOMAS A. JENKINS, please, for women. That is not going to The SPEAKER. Is there objection to WILLIAM H. AYRES, ROBERT T. SECREST, FRANK change their being -first-class citizens the request ·of the gentlewoman from T. BOW, J. HARRY MCGREGOR, WAYNE L. HAYS# ·New York? GEORGE BENDER, GORDON H. SCHERER, and that,_after all, is all we want. Oklahoma: TOM STEED. ',.'- ~t !- Then it has been asked, How about the There was no objection. Oregon: HOMER D. ANGELL. protection and the advantages women

Mr. BROYHILL in two separate in.. feet until 6 months after the ter~ination of Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com• stances, in one to include an editorial the national emergency proclaimed on De­ merce. cember 16, 1950"; to the Committee on the By Mr. BENNETt' of Michigan: from the Alexandria Gazette and in the . Judiciary. H. R. 3976. A bill to increase the personal other a broadcast by Earl Godwin. 551. A letter from the General Counsel, Income-tax exemptions -Of a taxpayer (in­ Office· of the Secretary of Defense, transmit­ cluding the ~xemption for a spouse, the ting ·a draft .of legislation entitled "A bill to exemption for ·a dependent, and the .addi· SENATE ENROLLED BILL SIGNED continue the effectiveness of the act of De­ tional exemption for old age or blindness) The SPEAKER announced his signa.. cember 2, 1942, as amended, and the act of from $600 to $800; to the Committee on Ways ture to an enrolled bill of the Senate of July 28, 1945, relating to war-risk hazard and and Means. detention benefits, until July 1~ 1954"; to By Mr. CLARDY: the following title: the Committee on the Judiciary. H. R. 3977. A bill to amend the Commu­ s. 1188. An act to amend the Dependents 552. A letter from the Attorney General, nications Act of 1934, as amended, to pro­ Assistance Act of 1950 to continue in effect transmitting a copy of an order of the Com­ vide that station licenses shall be issued for certain of the provisions thereof. missioner of Immigration and Naturalization an indefinite term, and shall be revoked only dated January 16, 1953, authorizing the by the United States District Court for the granting of conditional lantling permits to District of Columbia, and for other purposes; ADJOURNMENT . bona fide alien crewmen found to be ex­ to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, I move cludable as persons within one of the classes Commerce. enumerated in section 212 (a) (28), pur­ By Mr. DEROUNIAN: that the House do now adjourn. suant to section 212 (d) (3) of the Immigra­ H . R. 3978. A bill amending section 34 o! The motion was agreed to; accordingly tion and Nationality Act; to the Committee the Trading With the Enemy Act of October · the on the Judiciary. 6, 1917 ( 40 Stat. 411), as amended; to the House adjourned until tomorrow, Tues­ Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ day, March 17, 1953, at 12 o'clock noon. merce. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUB­ By Mr. GENTRY: LIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 3979. A bill to prohibit picketing In EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, ETC. the immediate vicinity of the White House, Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of and for other purposes; to the Committee on Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, executive committees were delivered to the Clerk the District of Columbia. communications were taken from the for printing and reference to the proper By Mr. HAGEN of Minnesota: Speaker's table and referred as follows: H . R. 3980. A bill to promote the further calendar, as follows: development of public-library service in 544. A letter from the Assistant Secretary . Mr. LECOMPTE: Committee on House Ad­ rural areas; to the Committee on Education of Agriculture transmitting a rep.ort of op­ ministration. House Resolution 117. Reso­ and Labor. erations, expenditures and obligations under lution to provide funds for the. expenses of By Mr. HIESTAND: the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allot­ the investigations authorized by House Reso­ H. R. 3981. A bill to restrain further de­ ment Act for the fiscal year ended June 30, lution 109; with amendment (Rept. No. 159). terioration of our currency and to restore 1953, pursuant to the act of June 28, .1937 Ordered to be printed. confidence in the dollar by returning the (50 Stat. 329); to the Committee on Agncul­ Mr. LECOMPTE: Committee on House Ad· currency of the United States to the gold ture. ministration. House Resolution 128. Reso­ standard, and for other purposes; to the 545. A letter from the Chairman, Federal lution to provtde funds for the investigations Committee on Banking and Currency. Communications Commission, transmitting and studies made by the Committee on Inter­ By Mr. HOWELL: recommendations for the enactment of legis­ state and Foreign Commerce pursuant to H. R. 3982. A bill to promote. the further lation amending section 319 of the Commu­ House Resolution 127; with amendment development of public-library service in nications Act of 1934, as amended, entitled (Rept. No. 160). Ordered to be printed . rural areas; to the Committee on Education .. A bill to simplify the procedure for secur­ Mr. LECOMPTE: Committee on House Ad· and Labor. ' ing licenses to operate certain types of radio ministration. House Resolution 168. Reso­ By Mr. JENKINS: facilities"; to the Committee on Interstate lution authorizing funds for the inspection H. R. 3983. A bill to promote the further and Foreign Commerce. . of the Veterans' Administration; without development of public-library service in 546. A letter from the Chairman, Federal amendment (Rept. No. 161). Ordered to be rural areas; to the Committee on Education Communications Commission, transmitti~g printed. . and Labor. recommendations for the enactment of legis­ Mr. BISHOP: Committee on House Admin­ By Mr. JENKINS (by request): lation amending section 309 (c) of the istration. House Joint Resolution 206. Joint H. R. 3984. A bill to amend section 10 ot communications Act of 1934, entitled, "A bill resolution to authorize the Clerk of the House the act of October 15, 1914, commonly known to extend the time within which the Com­ of Representatives to furnish certain elec­ as the Clayton Act; to the Committee on the mission must act on a protest from 15 days, trical or mechanical office equipment for the Judiciary. as now provided to a period of 30 days"; to use of Members, officers, and committees of By Mr. KERSTEN of Wisconsin: the committee on Interstate and Foreign the House of Representatives; with amend· H. R. 3985. A bill to promote the further Commerce. ment (Rept. No. 162). Ordered to be printed. . development of public library service in 547. A letter from the Comptroller Gen­ rural areas; to the Committee on Education eral of the United States, transmitting are­ and Labor. j port on the audit of Virgin Islands Corpora­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PRI­ By Mr. KRUEGER: .. tion for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1952, VATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 3986. A bill to authorize the appro• · · pursuant to the Government Corporation priation of additional funds to complete the control Act (31 U. S. C. 841) (H. Doc. No. Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of International Peace Garden, N.Dak.; to the 105); to the Committee on <:Tovernment Op­ committees were delivered to the Clerk Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. erations and ordered to be printed. for printing and reference to the proper• By Mr. LESINSKI: 548. A letter from the Assistant Secretary calendar, as follows: · H. R. 3987. A bill to authorize and direct of the Interior, transmitting one copy each the Civil service Commission to make a of certain bills and resolutions passed by the Mr. MILLER of Nebraska: Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. H. R. 1880. A study of the classification of, and rates of Municipal Council of St. Thomas and St. basic compensation payable ~ith respect ~o John, pursuant to section 16 of the Organic bill to authorize the sale of certain public lands in Alaska to the Catholic bishop of technical, scientific, and engineering posi• Act of the Virgin Islands of the United States tions in the classified civil service; to the approved June 22, 1936; to the Committee on Northern Alaska for use as a mission school; without amendment (Rept. No. 163). Re­ committee on Post Office and Civil Service. Interior and Insular Affairs. H. R. 3988. A bill to provide automatic an­ 549. A letter from the Under Secretary of. ferred to the Committee of the Whole House and ordered to be printed. nual pay increases for postmasters; to the the Interior, transmitting a report of the · committee on Post Office and Civii Service. / Department of the Interior on a plan for the By Mr. LOVRE: construction of the potential Payette Heights PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H. R. 3989. A bill to amend the Bankhead• Unit, Payette Division, Boise project, Idaho, Jones Farm Tenant Act, as amended, so as together with related documents and let­ Under clause 4 of rule XXII, public to improve the credit services available to ters of comment on the report, pursuant to bills and resolutions were introduced and farmers seeking to adopt soil and. water the authority of the Federal reclamation severally referred as follows: conserving systems of farming contnbuting laws; to the Committee on Interior and In­ toward development of a permanently and By Mr. ABERNETHY: sular Affairs. abundantly productiv~ American agricul• 550. A letter from the General Couns.el, H. R. 3974. A bill to provide for ·a Delegate from the District of Columbia to the United ture; to the Committee on Agriculture. 1 Office of the Secretary of Defense, transmit• By Mr. MERROW: ting a draft of a joint resolution entitled, states Senate; to the Committee on the Dis• H. R. 3990. A bill to promote the further "Joint resolution to extend until . July 1, trict of Columbia. development of public library service in 1953, the time limitation upon the effective· By Mr. ALLEN of California: H. R. 3975. A bill to amend the Railroad rural areas; to the committee on Education ness of certain statutory provisions which and Labor. but for such time limitation would be in ef· Retu·ement Act of 1937, as amended; to the CONGREsSIONAL· RECORD- HOUSE March 16. 1998 -.. -::::;:.-- -- ·-- By Mr. PERKINS: By Mr. WOLCOTT: upon FederAl-aid primary highway systems: H. R, 3991. A bill to promote the further H. R. 4004. A bill to amend section 5210 of to the Committee on Ways and Means. -development of public library service in the Revised Statutes; to the Committee on Also, memorial of the Legislature of the rural areas; to the Committee on Education Banking and currency. State pf Kansas, memorialiZing the President - and Labor. By Mr. WILLIAMS of New York: and the Congress of the United States, re­ By Mr. RAINS: H. J. Res. 225. Joint resolution designating questing enactment of legislation providing H. R. 3992. A bill relating to the extension August 17 of each year as National Holsteln­ for the withdrawal of Federal Government of the Federal old-age and survivors insur­ Friesian Day; to the Committee on the Ju­ from the field of gasoline taxes; to the Com­ ance system to ministers and members of diciary. mittee on Ways and Means. religious orders; to the Committee on Ways By Mr. BOSCH: Also, memorial of the Legislature of the and Means. H. Con. Res. 79. Concurrent resolution rec­ State of Ohio, memorializing the President By Mr.· RHODES of Arizona: ommending a new 60-nation conference to and the Congress of the United States, rela­ H. R. 3993. A bill to establish effective consider the advisability at" reorganization, tive to transmitting a copy of the civil de­ means to determine Communist domination revision, and amendment of the Charter of fense and mutual aid interstate compact de­ in unions and to eliminate Communists from the United Nations;· to the Committee on veloped oil the model form established by positions of influence and control in labor Foreign Mairs. the Council of State Governments, and unions; to the Committee on Education and adopted for use by the State of Ohio; to the Labor. Committee on Armed Services. Also, memorial of the LegiSlature of the By Mr. ROGERS of Colorado: MEMORIALS H. R. 3994. A bill to authorize and direct State of Nevada, memorializing the President Under clause 3 of rule XXII, memo­ and the Congress of the United States, re­ the Civil Service Commission to make a study questing the restoration of the gold standard of the classification of, and rates of basic rials was presented and referred as fol­ and to increase the price of gold commen­ compensation payable with respect to tech­ lows: nical, scientific, and engineering positions surate with the present value of the dollar; By Mr. RHODES of Arizona: Memorial of to the Committee on Banking and Currency. in the classified civil service; to the Commit­ the Arizona State Legislature requesting the tee on Post Office and Civil Service. Also, memorial of the Legislature. of the formulation of,a plan for cooperation in the State of Nevada, memorializing the President By Mr. SADLAK: development of ground-water supplies on and the Congress of the United States, re­ H. R. 3995. A bill to amend certain provi­ Indian reservations in central and southern questing the approval of legislation designed sions of the Internal Revenue Code to au­ Arizona; to the Committee on Interior and to provide a stabilized market for the prod­ thorize the receipt in bond and taxpayment Insular Affairs. ucts of domestic mines; to the Committee at rectifying plants of distilled spirits, alco­ on Ways and Means. hol, and wines fo-r rectification, bottling, and Also, memorial of the Arizona State Legis­ packaging, or for bottling and packaging lature relating to the Federal excise tax on Also, memorial of the Legislature of the without rectification; and the production ladies' handbags and requesting the Congress State of Washington, memorializing the in bond and taxpayment of gin and vodka at to repeal t _his excise tax; to the Committee President and the Congress of the United rectifying plants; to the Committee on Ways on Ways and Means. States, relative to the establishment of peace and Means. By Mr. HARRISON of Wyoming: Memorial between .Israel and the Arab States and its of the 32d State Legislature of the State of essentiality to the free world; to the Com­ By Mr. SHORT: mittee on. Foreign Affairs. H. R. 3996. A bill to amend section 81, Na­ Wyoming, memorializing the Federal Com­ munications Commission to continue the Also, memorial of the Legislature of the tional Defense Act, as amended (32 U. S. C. State of Washington, memorializing the 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, and 176), to provide reservation of VHF television channel 8 at. Laramie, Wyo., for educational purposes for President and· the Congress of the United for the organization of the National Guard States, requesting the enactment of legisla­ · Bureau, and to define the responsibilities, a period of 2 years from. the date of expira­ tion of the original reservation; to the Com­ tion to readjust the boundaries of the functions, and duties of the Chief of the Olympic National Park; to the Committee on National Guard Bureau; and for other pur­ mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. Also, memorial of the 32d State Legislature Interior and Insular Affairs. poses; to the Committee on Armed Services. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the . H. R. 3997. A bill to amend· section 67 of of the State of Wyoming, memorializing the Congress of the United States of America State of Wyoming, memorializing the Presi• the National Defense Act, as amended, to dent and the Congress of the United States, provide for an active-duty status for all with reference to passing legislation to mod­ ernize the 160-acre limitation now_imposed to redefine the boundaries of Grand Teton United States property and disbursing offi­ National Park; to the COmmittee on interior cers; to the Committee on Armed Services. upon farm units in federally financed recla­ mation projects; to the Committee on Inte­ and Insular Affairs. By Mr. SIMPSON of Illinois: Also, memorial of the Legislature of the H. R. 3998. A bill to authorize the Public rior and Insular Affairs. Also, memorial of the 32d Legislature of . State of Wyoming, memorializing the Presi· Utilities Commission of the District of Co­ den.t and the Congress of the United States t~e State of Wyoming, memorializing the lumbia to regulate and condition the decla­ requesting legislation to mOdernize the 160~ ration and payment of dividends by public Congress of the United States of America to redefine the boundaries of Grand Teton Na­ acre limitation now imposed upon farm units utilities in the District of Columbia; to the in federally financed reclamation projects· Committee on the District of Columbia. tional Park; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. to the Committee on Interior and Insula~ By Mr. SMITH of Kansas: Affairs. H. R. 3999. A bill to amend the National Also, memorial of the 32d State Legistature Also, memorial of the Legislature o.f the of the State of Wyoming, memorializing the Labor Relations Act for the purpose of pro­ · Territory o! Alaska, memorializing the Presi· hibiting compulsory unionism, and for other Congress of the United States of America by dent and the Congress of the United States purposes; to the Committee on Education proper action to quitclaim. unto the State of urging the appropriation of funds to con~ Wyoming all right, title, and interest in and and Labor. struct a road between Fairb~nks, Nenana, By Mr. TOLLEFSON: to all sections 16 and 36 within the State of and Healy, Alaska, during the 1953 building H . R. 4000. A bill to promote the further Wyoming, whether surveyed or unsurveyed, season; to the Committee on Appropriations. development of public library service in rural' so as to vest immediately in the State of Also, memorial of the Legislature of the areas; to the Committee on Education ·and Wyoming not only legal title to sections 16 Territory of Alaska, memorializing the Presi• Labor. and 36, when surveyed and not ·otherwise dent and the Congress of the United States, By Mr. VAN ZANDT: disposed of, but also with an indefeasible requesting certain tax exemptions covering H. R. 4001. A bill to amend section SOl (d) proprietary interest in all sections which are income derived from the industrial use and of the Federal, FoOd, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, surveyed or were surveyed as of the date of · production of natural resources in Alaska· to the Enabling Act of July 10, 1890; to the the Committee ~n Ways and Means. ' as amended, in relation to exports; to the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com­ By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Legis- merce. ture of the State of California, memoriallz; PRIVATE BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS By Mr. WATTS: ing the President and the Congress of the H. R. 4002. A bill to provide .for continuing United states, relative to granting the Ter- Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private retirement pay, under certain conditions, of ritory of Hawaii sta~hood in the United bills and resolutions were introduced and officers and former officers of the Army, Navy, States; to the Committee on Interior and severally referred as follows: Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard, Insular Affairs. Also, memorial of the Legislature of the By Mr. ALLEN of california (by re- who incurred physical disability while in the St quest): service of the United States during World ate of California, memorializing the Prest- H. R. 4005. A bill for the relief of Frank War I, World War II. or any subsequent con­ dent and the Congress of the United States, T. P. Chiu; to the Committee on the Judici­ fiicts in which the United States has en­ concerntng the restoration to Congress of the ary. gaged, and for other purposes; to the Com­ fixing of tariffs; to the Committee on Ways H. R. 4006. A bill for the relief of Karen mittee on Armed Services. and Means. McDougal Reed and Christine Cornell Reed; Also, memorial of the Legislature of the to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. WILLIAMS of Mississippi: State of California, memorializing the Prest- By Mr. BATES .(by request): H. R. 4003. A bill to extend rural mall de­ dent and the Congress of the United States H. R. 4007. A bill for the relief of Joao livery service; to the Committee on Post relative to using money collected by Federal Pinguel-Rodrigues; to the Committee on the _Office and Civil Service. gasoline, diesel fuel, and lubricating oil taxes .. ..Judicijry. 1.953 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1999 By Mr. BupGE: of California; to the Committee on Veterans• ST. PATRICK'S DAY H. R. 4008. A bill for the relief of Tomas Affairs. Aguirre; to the Committee on the Judiciary. 91. ·Also, petition of Mrs. Beulah Phillips, Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. H. R. 4009. A b111 for the relief of Jose and others, of Orlando, Fla., requesting en­ Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Louis Barrenechea; to the Committee on the actment of H. R. 2446 and H. R. 2447, social­ address the House for 1 minute. Judiciary. security legislation known as the Townsend The SPEAKER. Is there objection to H. R. 4010. A bill for the relief of Enrique plan; to the Committee on Ways and Means. the request of the gentleman from Min­ Izaguirre; to the Committee on the Judici­ 92. Also, petition of Mrs. Faith B. Barkre, ary. and others, of Orlando, Fla., requesting en­ nesota? H. R. 4011. A bill for the relief of Luis actment of H. R. 2446 and H. R. 2447, social­ There was no objection. Izaguirre; to the Committee on the Judici­ security legislation known as the Townsend Mr. O'HARA of Minnesota. Mr. ary. plan; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Speaker, on this special day-St. Pat­ By Mr. CLARDY: rick's Day-from the bottom of my heart H. R. 4012. A bill for the relief of Guy II ..... •• l wish "you all"-of the North, the Plumail, Mrs. Jacqueline Plumail, and Mi­ chael Plumail; to the Committee on the South, the East, the West-"The top o' Judiciary. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the mornin'." By Mr. HILLINGS: This is one day of the year when the H. R. 4013. A bill for the relief of Erwin TuESDAY, MARCH 17,1953 world is divided into two classes-those S. DeMoskonyi; to the Committee on the who are Irish and those who would like Judiciary. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. ~o be Irish. By Mr. M'cDONOUGH: The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, H. R. 4014. A bill for the relief of Li Chiu D. D., offered the following prayer: St. Patrick's Day is and always will be Fu and wife, Leung sue Wa; to the Commit­ a day of national importance. I have tee on the Judiciary. 0 Thou infinite and gracious spirit, heard it said not only that St. Patrick H. R. 4015. A bill for the relief of Josef, who hast made us for Thyself, may we was a Scotsman but that he was a Re­ Paula, and Kurt Friedberg; to the Commit­ now be numbered among the seekers·and publican. There is no question that he tee on the Judiciary. finders of G6d for we need Thee so was an Irishman, either real or adopted, By Mr. MORANO: greatly in our private and public life. and by the results of the last election H. R. 4016. A bill for the relief of Silverio Grant that we may yield ourselves St. Patrick must have been on the side Bolzoni; to the Committee on the Judiciary. gladly and unreservedly to the guidance of the Republicans in the UI}ited States. By Mr. NORRELL: and discipline of Thy divine truth in H. R. 4017. A bill to provide for the con­ As direct descendants of the kings of veyance of certain land and improvements order that our minds and hearts may be Erin, the Republican Irish-the Allens, to the England Special School District of the emancipated from all those fears which the Bates, the Bennetts, the Byrneses, State of Arkansas; to the Committee on Agri- weaken, those doubts which darken, the Corbetts, the Cunninghams, the Dol­ cUlture. · those sins which blind and deaden our livers, the Darns, the Gavins, the Gold­ By Mr. RADWAN: souls, and those sorrows which make us ens, the Heseltons, the Billings, the H. R. 4018. A bill for the relief of Dr. Jack­ lonely. Horans, the Kearneys, the Kearns, the son S. Wu; to the Committee on the Judici­ ary. We are daily beseeching Thee that Keatings, the Kilburns, the McConnells, H. R. 4019. A blll for the relief of Eugene Thou wilt create within the hearts of the McCullochs, the McDonoughs, the Lucci; to the Committee on the Judiciary. men and nations those finer feelings and McGregors, the McVeys, the Martins, the By Mr. SIEMINSKI: nobler thoughts which are the progeni­ Meaders, the O'Haras, the O'Konskis, H. R. 4020. A bill for the relief of Ahamad tors of achievement in the building of a the Pattersons, the St. Georges, the Meah; to the Committee on the Judiciary. more glorious civilization. Sheehans-all acclaim the affection we By Mr. THOMAS: Inspire us with the same lofty aspira­ have for "the other side of the aisle" H. R. 4021. A bill for the relief of Reginald tion which filled the life of St. Patrick, .Irish: the Bolamis, the Byrnes, the Car­ Wynne Davis; to the Committee on the Ju­ Thy servant, whose Christlike character nahans, the Delaneys, the Dempseys, the diciary. and ministry, many in this and other Donohues, the Donovans, the Doyles, the H. R. 4022. A bill for the relief of Lorenzo D. Meadows; to the Committee on the Ju­ lands are honoring today. Fallons, the Feighans, the Fogartys, the diciary. Hear us in the name of our Lord and Granahans, the Harts, the Kelleys, the Saviour. Amen. Keoghs, the Kildays, the Kirwans, the Lanes, the McCarthys, the McCormacks, PETITIONS, ETC. The Journal of the proceedings of yes­ the McMillans, the Macks, the Maddens, Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions terday was read and approved. the Mahons, the Mollohans, the Murrays, and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk the O'Briens, O'Hara of Illinois, the and referred as follows: MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE O'Neills, the Philbins, the Regans, the 86. By Mr. HILLELSON: Petition of J. L. Rileys, the Rooneys, the Shelleys, the Lewis, and 35 others, urging the Congress of A message from the Senate, by Mr. Sullivans, anc1 the Suttons. the United States to enact legislation which · Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that St. Patrick was a great missionary and will reduce the tax burden caused by the the Senate had passed without amend­ early Christian. While in this House the payment of 32 cents out of every dollar ment a bill and concurrent resolution of Republican Irish may be slightly out­ earned by the average American; to the Com­ the House of the following titles: mittee on Ways and Means. numbered by the Irish on the other side H. R. 2466. An act to amend the act of 87. By Mr. SMITH of Wisconsin: Resolu­ · of the aisle, we promise you much mis­ tion of the Kenosha County Medical Society July 12, 1950 (ch. 460, 64 Stat. 336), as sionary work in the next year. for the revision of the doctor draft law, amended, which authorizes free postage for members of the Armed Forces of the United Lest there be overconfidence on the Public Law 779; to the Committee on Armed States in specifled•areas; and Services. - side having the greater numbers, let it 64. 88. Also, petition of members of the WCTU H. Con. Res. Concurrent resolution au­ be said that the fighting Irish may have of Janesville, Wis., urging passage of legis­ thorizing the Washington State Whitman been outnumbered but never outfought. Statue Committee to place temporarily in lation to prohibit alcoholic beverage adver­ the rotunda of the Capitol a statue of the We shall send into this battle O'Konski, tising over the radio and television and in our of Wisconsin, to convert O'Klein, of New magazines and newspapers; to the Committee late Dr. Marcus Whitman, the holding of on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. ceremonies, and permanent location in York, and in reserve against the un­ Statuary Hall. 89. Also, resolution of the Business and believers we challenge you with "County Professional Women of Burlington, Wis., in The message also announced that the Clare" Hoffman. favor of the St. Lawrence seaway project and Senate had passed bills of the following If anyone makes light of the difference in the joint participation of the United States with Canada in the development and titles, in which the concurrence of the in numbers, rememoer, there may ~ be control of the seaway; to the Committee on House is requested: only one saint but many sinners. Public Works. S. 173. An act for the relief of Socorro Ge­ Which proves conclusively that St. 90. By the SPEAKER: Petition of the city rona de Castro; Patrick was an Irishman and a Repub­ clerk, Corning, Calif., requesting enactment S. 255. An act for the relief of Sister Odilia, lican. of legislation to appropriate moneys neces- also known as Maria Hutter; and ' sary to bring the Veterans' Administration S. 1229. An act to continue the effective­ But today on St. Patrick's Day-and hospital program to the needed standards ness of the Missing Persons Act, as amended for today only-all is sunshine and har­ to meet the needs of the veteran population . and extended, until July 1, 1954. mony a~ong the Irish a~d the non-Irish XCIX--126