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of social welfare. At the same time, the enfranchise­ ment of Negroes will do more than anything else to bring about a strong two-party system in the South. The old-guard Democrats wiU be more and more pressed, both by reform Democrats and by Republi­ cans, until a new party alignment is formed in which both parties try to put together winning coalitions, while not alienating either Southern whites or South­ ern Negroes. Thus, the trend will be away from the extremes and toward the center, in the best tradition of the American two-party system. All of this is desirable, and the voting rights bill has become a popular measure which is commanding bipartisan support in Congress. However, serious questions may be raised about the method Congress is using in bringing forward this legislation. The Constitution explicitly provides that the states are to govern the qualifications for voting. At the same time, the Fifteenth Amendment forbids the states to discriminate in voting rights of citizens on the basis of race. Since there are some states which are, clearly denying the legitimate voting rights of their Negro citizens, the legislature finds itself emotion­ ally committed to redressing the grievance. If this is so, why all the rest of the facade of the bill, which is designed to make it seem as if it applies to the whole nation, while in fact it only applies to six states? Everybody recognizes that the issue is an emotional one and applies to Southern Holier Than You-All Negroes in a particular situation, so why make it appear that the bill is designed to do anything else? For example, in their attempt to devise a clever o ONE WILL ARGUE with the objective value of formula which would apply only to the states of the N the voting rights bill presently being consid­ deep South, the leaders in Congress came up with ered in Congress. It is designed to speed up the the purely arbitrary 50 percent rule. Clever though process of registering all eligible Negro voters in they were, they can't get around the fact that Alaska those Southern states which have been systematically also has 50 percent of its eligible voters unregistered, preventing all but a token number of Negroes from and thus is a villain under the bill. voting. The bill will outlaw discriminatory practices If one is not going to be hypocritical, one should such as arbitrary literacy tests, which have been not veil the attack on voting practices in the South used for decades to bar Negroes from their legitimate in a package which purports to be a national voting right to vote. rights bill, but should single out the guilty states This bill, perhaps far more even than the Civil explicitly and by name and take action against them Rights Act of 1964, will hasten the defeat of white openly and with no hedging. Or, more interestingly, supremacist rule in the South. In the next two if one is seriously interested in writing a national decades, it does not seem unreasonable to assume voting rights bill, honesty prescribes that such abuses that a new generation of politicians will arise, who as vote buying, ballot-box stuffing by Northern bosses, are aware of the need to appeal to the whole spectrum and discrimination in Northern cities against Puerto of voters in the South. The new breed will tend to Ricans and other minorities be also made subject be moderate or moderate-liberal, and will likely be to federal control and correction. among the most sensitive Congressmen in the areas — B.McD.

The Scholastic Hurting Is

The Last One Minute and Thirty Seconds The Road to SMC — Land o' Lakes Lines — Everywhere Button-Smashing, Shirt-Shrinking, Correct-Crease-Resisting Laundry Food — Tough, Tasteless, Ptomaine Indigestion and Nights with Heartburn The Dining Hall Gestapo 25c Fines in the Library Half-Hour Speeches at Pep Rallies Rah-Rahs "English Majors" in Blue Jeans "Hi There, I'm Running For ..." Student Government Hanky-Panky, Chicanery and Subterfuge Speaker's Policy (?) Indiana A.B.C. Phone Calls for the Guy at the Other End of the Hall Rock 'n' Roll at 2 a.m. "May I See Your I.D., Please?" New York Supreme Court Goldfarb Pickets Other Guys with Girls on Campus in the Middle of the Week "Go Back ... Go Back ... Go Back Across the Road!" Mythical Half-Way Houses Empty Red Barns Movies, Booze, and Nothing on Saturday Night Hoo-Ha-Pest Productions March Campus Insecurity Force "Smut on Our Lady's Face" Pompous Secretaries Condescending Sales-Clerks in South Bend Teachers Who Hate Students Pessimists Who Hate People Three Cuts Book Prices Phony Idealists Optimists Blue Circle Smoke, Without Fire Pseudo-Commitment Pseudo-Excellence Rev. Feudalism, C.S.C. — The Tenacious Few Hyper-Sensitive Administrators Image Tiber Alles The SCHOLASTIC Good Friday — On Campus Etc. . . . — THE SENIORS

April 9, 1965 CONTENTS the Student Weekly of the ; University of Notre Dame ,-. Editorials 4 The direct approach to civil rights — B. McD. unmasks the guises of legislotive subter­ Founded 1867 fuge. . . . Most likely the product of o temporarily vacant mind, our second editorial is definitely hurting — or something. Letters to the Editor 7 VoL 106 April 9, 1965 No. 17 News and Notes 11 i|. Mel'Noel' Campus at a Glance 13 . . . editor-in-chief On Other Campuses 17 p jbsieph Wilson Revolution on Four Fronts: The Student Response 18 F:, V . .. . . Tnanaging editor A comprehensive five-section report on the growing involvement of members of the ? >David Mt^Hroy Notre Dame community in the civil rights movement. i;^::. ;. . . Jnmne^manager A Question of Honor 21 ^•^Trahk Sinith, Bill McDonald Why one member of the Honor Council found it necessary in conscience to resign. ?1: . - : ..... asso(nate editors Procreation vs. Reproduction 22 ;AlDudash- This topic has become somewhat of a pill these days — and no small problem for . . news editor modern Catholics. Rick Weirich The Road From Censorship 23 . news assistant A true version of "I was a Post-Teenage College Editor," or, "The Call of the Defiled." i^^ Krier features editor 1965 International Forum, Latin America: The Emerging Challenge 24 An analysis of the problems focing a turbulent Latin America. . John Whelan, Rex Lardner, Jr. John Goldfarb, Please Come Home 26 > ;^ ... spoHs editors The world, the flesh, the devil, and the irrepressible Mr. Goldfarb a la Holler. I Jim Finch . . layout Degrees of Joy 27 Splendoring in the gross? — not in this magazine. The story of o great contemporary artist. '/.John Twohey .. art editor Pitching! Hitting? 28 Will Jake Kline live forever? Be with us for the next exciting episode . . . CarlMagid copy editor Mid-Semester Summary 29 A wrap-up of the highlights of the winter sports season. Pat Ford •plvotography i, ^ , •' - • • Up From Mayhem 30 . circulation Big boys shouldn't ploy with sticks — Lacrosse's tronsition from ruthlessness to some ;T E. Brism Graham semblance of finesse. Voice in the Crowd 31 Dennis Allen advertising Club sports hove become a fixed institution at Notre Dame, and, obviously, in the Scholastic. Frank Q'Malley In the Beginning 32 faculty advisor The Last Word 42

&•_:•, pGeof Bartz, Vince Beckman, Tom Bettag, Anton Finelli, The SCHOLASTIC is entered as second-class |f;;Robert Haller, Jay Macdonald, mail at Notre Dame, Indiana, at a special |^~Jamie McKenna, John Meany, COVER BOX postage rate authorized June 23, 1918. The magazine is represented for national advertising f"; iS-ank Obert, Jack Rowe, by National Advertising Service, Inc., 18 East I: David K. Sauer, Pete Siegwald, The mysterious magicians of 50th Street, New York, N.Y., 10022. It re­ ceives its covers including the four-color back­ ir . . . . contributors modern jazz will soon make page advertisement from College Magazines Inc., of New York City. Published weekly during the Steve Anderson, Tim Andrews, Ken school year, except during vacation and exam­ our campus their two-day ination periods, the SCHOLASTIC is printed at Borne, Jim Boland, Mike Bradley, Ave Maria Press, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46556. OUie Cameron, Bill Cragg, Bob Edler, Mecca. John Twohey's cover The subscription rate is $5.00 a year (includ­ Geary Ellet, Estdle Ford, John Gor­ ing all issues of the academic year and the man, Leo Hayes, Steve Heagen, Jim is on open invitation for col­ FOOTBALL REVIEW). The spedal subscription rate for St. Mary's students and faculty is $3.00 i-;\ >Hean^y•-> , Steve Hudson, Rich Jaquay, a year. Please address all manuscripts to the legiate talent to come blow SCHOLAS'nC, Notre Dame, Indiana. AU un­ Joe Magnano, Mike Mclnemy, Ef solicited material becomes the property of the Morah, John Moran, Martin Murphj their horns. SCHOLASTIC. v. Tom Murphy; John Noel, Stephani. Phal^n, Bill Roach, Carolyn Sugg Don Wharton ...... • star These tidbits piled up over one pus, but also the most spirited. Those Letters • • • week, and they are aU experiences of of us who are stajdng — because we QUALIFICATIONS SMC freshmen. Perhaps the Irish want to — fully intend that next year EDITOR: gentlemen were in studying diligently our hall life will be as interesting, The SCHOLASTIC for March 12 re­ that week. Were you? exciting and spirited as it is this year. ported that the College of Arts and Third South, We invite anyone who wants a Letters was considering monetary Holy Cross good room in a great haU to investi­ compensation for professors who par­ gate DiUon. But we don't want carpet­ ticipate in the "Special Studies" baggers, we want Notre Dame Men. courses to be offered by the depart­ DILLON, ANYONE? John D. Klier ments. That is not the case. How­ EDITOR: DiUon HaU President ever, the College does hope to arrive According to your report on the at an equitable arrangement for Senate passage of stay haU, the three THANKS FOR THE MEMORIES course load compensation. Registra­ experimental halls wiU "probably be EDITOR: tion experience this spring will pro­ filled with volunteers from the Blue It is very satisfying for me to find vide some firm indication of what will Circle and student government." an event here which associates the be necessary. Speaking for DiUon, I would like name of my state, Bengal. E. A. Goerner to assert that this is neither neces­ In your March 12 issue, Mr. Steve Chairman, C. A. P. sary nor is it desired by the residents Anderson mentioned that the pro­ of Dillon. While many of us were not ceeds of the Bengal Bouts go to Holy EDITOR: initially in favor of the plan, we are Cross missions in Bengal, Pakistan. Thanks to Mel Noel for giving a now determined to make it work out It may be pertinent to point out that lift to the Loyola Student Bill of as well as possible in our hall. We there is no Bengal in Pakistan. Rights in "The Last Word" (3/5/65). do not want anyone moving into Dil­ The former Bengal province of However, there is an inaccuracy in lon because they think they are doing British India was divided into two the column which I feel obliged to someone a favor, nor do we want any separate geographical entities, namely point out. self-styled student martyrs. We want West Bengal which is a state of the When discussing the Loyola News' people living in Dillon simply because Indian Republic, and East Pakistan, reaction to Notre Dame's censorship they think it is the best hall on which is part of Pakistan. The Holy controversy of two years ago he says campus to live in. Cross Missionaries operate from "The 'greatest Catholic University in This year Dillon has been not only Dacca, which is the capital of East the Western Hemisphere' was said to one of the most active halls on cam­ Pakistan. be making an ass of itself," indicat­ ing that the News itself had referred to Notre Dame as "the greatest Cath­ olic University in the Western Hemi­ You mean, sphere." The fact is that the quotation is Father Hesburgh's and, to my knowl­ because Fm a student edge, belongs to no one else. Dick McGlynn or teacher I get Loyola University special rates at all GUTTERAL UTTERANCES EDITOR: Case 1: "Hey, you guys, cut out the Hilton Hotels in the U.S.? swearing. There's ladies in here." "They aren't ladies. They're from St. Mary's. Say anything you want." I I Case 2: Girl enters Rathskeller with a date. ND stranger approaches her I I with "Hey, babe, are you hot to­ I Hilton Hotels Corporation, I night?" I National Sales Office, Palmer House, I Case 3: A St. Mary's girl, posing as I I an "import" in the Rathskeller, I Chicago 90, 111. I asks vaguely about "that school I Please send the Faculty-Student I called St. Mary's." And the reply: I I "Those snobs? Who wants them Rate Brochure that tells all. I here?" I I am a Faculty Member D Student D Case 4: In front of the freshman din­ I I ing hall: I I "Are you from St. Mary's?" I NAME. I "Yes." I I HOME ADDRESS. "Yup, that's all you girls are — STREET just pickups." I e Case 5: Two girls stop for a coke in I CITY STATE the Huddle. Animal eyes give them I COLLEGE NAME. the once-over, determining approval I or disapproval. Undressing leers I STREET CITY STATE and suggestive mutterings finally drive the girls out. I I April 9, 1965 However, it is very gratifying to YOUTH MARKED Naturally, the students should have note that ND kept itself above all expected something like this. The these technicalities and has kept EDITOR: John Goldfarb fiasco had to be paid Bengal united, which we could not I just finished reading Tom Han- for somehow. One interesting statis­ do. ley's article on the Collegiate Folk tic is that our fourteen-floor monu­ D. K. Bagchi Festival in the March issue. It seems ment to academic excellence could be Dept. of Metallurgy some of his critical comments were paid for in about twelve years using unjust as he didn't know, or maybe only this hundred dollar increase. understand, the meaning behind some Many people say that you can't fight TSK, TSK! of the songs that were sung, i.e., those city hall. Of course you can't when EDITOR: of my brother and sister. everybody is busy saying that. Too many individuals underestimate the As a member of the Notre Dame If the announcer hadn't introduced power of one person. I, for one, sug­ Council of Knights of Columbus, I my sister as a 14-year-old girl, his judgment probably would have gest that some sort of student fund believe that the SCHOLASTIC and be started, the purpose of which will Frank Smith owe the K of C an changed. And anjnvay, you don't judge a person's talent by how old he be to place bounties on the respective apology for the article, "Blessed Are or she is, but the feehng which is heads of the University usurers. The the Poor." I recognize Mr. Smith's put across, and the way it is done. Ku Klux Klan thought of burning right to voice his own opinion, how­ crosses; let us hope some inventive ever farfetched it is, but when he de­ My brother's first song, "The Hip genius can manufacture a burning faces the symbol of our organization Song," wasn't "a talking blues about dollar sign. he has gone too far. This emblem a man looking for dope and women." signifies a great deal to every mem­ It was a satire on people of today who Jim O'Reilly try to appear "hip" and just can't ber and to have it ridiculed in such 107 Dillon see how the rest of the world is so a manner is unforgivable. When a "square." He's I8V2 years old, so if person has to stoop so low to put you judge a person's talent on age, I across a point, he has gone beyond don't see how he's "too young" for what is called for. Let's hope that that satire. not all your articles show such igno- rance and bad taste as this incident Critical analysis is good when it's has brought out. fair and reasonable . . . this one just Rich Nofi wasn't. 224 Alumni Patti Perrin St. Mary's Academy

THE ENFORCERS EDITOR: "PECUNIA DULCEDO SPES" The advancement of student-ad­ ministration understanding is not EDITOR: particularly aided when either one I would like to convey my deepest makes assumptions about the other in and sincerest congratulations and bad faith. hopes for success to the Administra­ More particularly, I am referring to tion in their recently proposed scien­ the "earliest departure —12 p.m." en­ tific endeavors. They say you can't J E W E I. E K S forced at dances and which will also get blood from a stone, but the Uni­ versity is attempting to prove other­ hold for the spring dances. 121 w. Washington st. The assumption is clear: Notre wise. The tuition has been raised an­ south bend Dame men in their pursuit of illegal, other hundred dollars, feUas, or immoral, or fattening pleasures must haven't you heard? Admittedly it was between michigan & main be checked in some small way, the rather stealthily announced. most expedient curb being "dance Perhaps this recent increase in tui­ keepsake diamond rings hours." Further assumption: less tion will little affect the 7iouveau liche, fifty to one thousand dollars time, less opportunity; less oppor­ but what of us who have to work tunity, fewer repercussions. just to get through here, those of us The rule flies in the face of both whose families are already straining trust and practicality. If we are as to make ends meet? Once again Uni­ ADS we are assumed to be, simple logic versity officials have plopped them­ 822 South Bend Ave. — 232-8848 shows that there are stiU vast op­ selves authoritatively upon their pon­ portunities outside the dances proper tifical seat and issued forth another for the illegalities attributed to this ex catJwdra pronouncement in their A NEW THESIS stereotype of the Notre Dame man. exploitation of the Notre Dame stu­ DUPLICATING PROCESS It seems mildly inane to attempt to dent. Quickly they retire, knowing APPROVED BY GRADUATE OFFICE regulate a period of three hours when in their hearts that general student this is only a minor portion of a long apathy, miles of red tape, and thinly Your complete, cost of copies is weekend. And, if trust and responsi­ disguised propaganda of "owing" only 5c a page (good for 1 to 20 bility are making any gains on this something to the University wiU pro­ copies) when typed on our paper. campus whatsoever, this carryover duce the usual effect. However, I from the iron-hand past should be have slipped into hyperbole: We cer­ promptly dropped. tainly do owe something to the Uni­ AUo Typing, Drawing, Slides and Paul Rafferty versity— approximately another hun­ Multi-Lith copies 227 Pangborn dred dollars a year. 8 The Scholastic Exciting New Designs

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• BOBBY CHRISTIAN and his dynamic band • THE STEPAN CENTER done professionally into a village park of the "Gay '90's" • SATURDAY DUNES TRIP • FERRANTE & TEICHER in evening concert • COMMUNION BREAKFAST — Sunday

rnoio: Kobert Monroe TICKET SALES & TUX FITTINGS She wants to go . . . Ask Her! April 20

10 The Scholastic instead, the drive will concentrate on a publicity campaign and pledges News and Notes from the respective classes. • PROGRESS has at last caught up with Movies, Collages, and Tristam Shandy" Holy Cross Hall at St. Mary's. A at 8:00 p.m. on April 26. On May • A TESTIMONIAL BANQUET will be second telephone has been installed 5, Rev. John Tuite, C.S.C, will speak held in the North Dining Hall on on each floor to receive outside calls on "Mixed Marriages." Rev. David Wednesday, April 28, as an expres­ — on a trial basis. Calls to Holy Cross BurreU, C.S.C, and Professor Donald sion of student gratitude to Father may now be placed through the CosteUo and his wife wiU be on hand Hesburgh. Tickets may now be pur­ switchboard (232-6931) in the usual for discussion periods following the chased from your hall president for dime-gobbling manner. lectures. $1.75. Nass Cannon is coordinating this activity for Student Government, • THE LATEST official curfew in 122 • ONCE AGAIN tuition has been raised, the dass officers and the Blue Circle. years of the University's existence according to University officials. Un­ In addition to this student honor, was promulgated last week. On week­ dergraduates wiU pay $1500 per year Father Hesburgh also received an ends until the end of the school year, beginning in September, an increase honorary Doctor of Laws Degree seniors are free to drink in South of $50 per semester; students of the from the University of California at Bend's hectic night life until 2 a.m. Law School and the Graduate School Los Angeles on April 2. This change comes late in a school will now pay $1200, a $200 raise. year which earlier saw the first of­ Father Hesburgh announced that the • THE COUNCIL for the International ficial change in quite a while, of­ increase is to alleviate "continually Lay Apostolate wiU be conducting a ficial approval of a rector's privilege rising educational costs," thus dispel­ door-to-door collection next week to to alter the curfew. Indeed, these ling the current rumor that it is due raise money for its four summer proj­ two changes are related, according to to a recent lawsuit. ects. CILA is hoping student contri­ Rev. A. Leonard Collins, C.S.C, Dean butions will provide $2000 toward the of Students; since September it has support of its programs for migrant been observed that the seniors have workers in Texas, house building in taken most advantage of special per­ Mexico, health work in Peru, and a missions. It was thought to be easier summer camp for underprivileged to simply grant a blanket 2 o'clock children in Colorado. CILA operates permission for all seniors. The new only at Notre Dame, and is entirely 2 o'clock permission is not on a trial dependent on volimtary contributions basis and should therefore carry over for the support of its activities. next year and thereafter. Sophomores and juniors will retain • To THE THREE HUNDRED students their same curfews. Freshmen, how­ who showed up for the two "Rocky ever, have been granted an extension Mountain Club" showings of The as a result of the generosity to Great Escape on April 1, the black­ SMC freshmen, who now have mid­ board on the stage of the Engineer­ night curfews on Saturdays. Fresh­ ing auditorium told the true story: men at ND are allowed thirty minutes "April Fool!" Most of the victims beyond that, to make the long walk took it in stride, and raced back to back across the Dixie. their halls to tell their buddies about the movie they could not afford to •THE CHANGE in this semester's exam miss. schedule has been officially confirmed. The more bitter (now they would Thursday and Friday, May 27 and have to study!) went in search of the 28, will be study days, followed by officers of the Rocky Moimtain Club five days of two-hour exams. Plans and were April Fools twice — there submitted to the Academic Council • YESTERDAY^ the first issue of the cdn't any. for revising next year's academic Freshman Class paper, "The Whis­ This should have been enough; but calendar have not been acted upon per," appeared. The Freshman Class WSND (which had unwittingly ac­ because the council has yet to meet Council has voted the paper enough commodated the pranksters by publi­ to even consider the issue. money for four issues this year. Ad­ cizing the movie all afternoon) added vertisements wiU be sold in the paper, insult to injury by playing the • THE ACADEMIC COMMISSION'S Stu­ so that it will soon be on a self-suffi­ "Theme From the Great Escape," re­ dent-Faculty Activity Committee will cient basis. And although the paper quested by — you guessed it — present a series of three talks in the is meant primarily for Freddy, several Steve McQueen. next month. The talks will be present­ copies will be left in aU upperclass- ed in an informal and relaxed atmo­ men halls and in the Huddle. • THE NOTRE DAME-South Bend Re­ sphere, wiU deal with nonacademic lations Committee wiU again sponsor topics of current interest, and audi­ • IN CONNECTION with Student Foun­ a share-a-meal day on Easter Stmday ence participation will be welcomed. dation Week, April 22-30, the Senior for students. The sign-ups wiU again Professor Samuel Shapiro of the His­ Class will solicit pledges to set up a be handled through the HaU Presi­ tory Department will discuss "Notre scholarship fund for the sons of the dents' Council. Those students inter­ Dame" on Monday, April 12, at 7:30 Class of '65. This year the Student ested in having dinner with a family p.m. in the Fiesta Lounge. The other Foundation Week itself will merely in South Bend are to sign up before talks will be held in the Faculty try to coordinate the scholarship pro­ April 13, in accordance with instruc­ Lounge of the Library on April 26 grams already established by the tions to be posted on haU bulletin and May 5. Professor Daniel Mc­ sophomore and senior classes. There boards. Further information can be Donald wiU discuss "Pop Art, Art will be no door-to-door solicitation; obtained from your hall president. April 9, 1965 U If youVe got the cap...

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12 The Scholastic our confession that Christ is the Son of the living God and by our union with the suffering Christ, we are bound together in this Christian com­ munity. He stressed the interrelation of these two forms of participation and the necessity of them both. Our Lord rebuked Peter for his refusal to accept Christ's prophecy of His coming passion and death. By this we are to conclude that the divine suffering and our participation in it are nothing less than necessary. The Christian community participates in Christ's sufferings both as a group and as individuals. The Church as a whole suffers from the disease of heresy, the suspicions of separated brothers, persecution, etc. Each of us Conscience vs. Law are bound, as a number of philoso­ has our own cross to carry, but it is phers have proposed? ours because it was first His. Con­ A German man is responsible for These are all questions; none have stantly Rev. Kablitz stressed that we the deaths of thousands of Jews. A absolute answers, nor do they need confess faith in a mighty Lord, but Louisiana woman publicly defies a to have them. Certainly a discussion one who holds His scepter in scarred bishop's integration order. The two like this does not seek a universal and wounded hands. people may have at least one thing answer to an important problem, es­ Rev. Kablitz stated that men hadn't in common. They feel that they have pecially not in an hour-and-a-half founded this Christian community, obeyed their; consciences. Are they period. Instead its aim is to start Christ had. He abhorred what he right? Wheif conscience opposes law, people thinking, reading, and talking called over-institutionalization, which which should win? Steve Clark, among themselves afterward. Hope­ he claimed help preserve the divisions Notre Dame'graduate student in phi­ fully, it will enable people to even­ of denominationalism. He stressed losophy, opened a discussion in the tually come to a personal decision. the communal aspect of the Church St. Mary's Clubhouse, Wednesday over the institutional, claiming that night, March 31, with those thoughts. the institution is justified only inso­ The discussion, second in the series Ecumenism on Campus far as it makes the community pos­ sponsored by the Notre Dame Sopho­ During Lent the Christian Family sible. He did not advocate theological more Academic Commission, was par­ Movement group of University Vil­ carelessness, but he said that the only ticipated in by about eighty students, lage is sponsoring a three-part lecture differences between the denomina­ twice the number who attended the and discussion series covering the tions were differences within the com­ first discussion. topics of the Christian community, munity and that only a denial of the "Conscience and the Individual" race and race prejudice, and the suffering Christ could separate one was the formal topic, but each of the Christian in politics. On Thursday, from the Christian community. The eight discussion groups ended up with March 11, Rev. Norbert Kablitz, a issues of our day are missionary something of its own. No two groups Lutheran minister from South Bend, rather than doctrinal in nature. We followed the same pattern, but some gave the first talk. Rev. Kablitz, think too much of the doctrine that of the questions which emerged were speaking very intensely, made it clear the Church gives us and too little of thought provoking. What is con­ that he would not let his audience our duty to communicate this teach­ science? Is it, as one group felt, noth­ put him on the defensive. After a ing and to confess in and suffer with ing but love? Few people seemed to brief description of his background, Christ. We think of the Church as connect conscience with guilt in the he set about describing the Christian "they" rather than "we." He ended traditional way. How is conscience community. He compared us to the on a conciliatory note,. praising Pope formed? Society evidently forms a servants to whom the master had in­ John as the model member of the conscience according to its own stand­ trusted his wealth while he went on Christian community. ards. What happens when one's con­ a journey. Each of us has been given science opposes the law under which God's world to invest in the market he lives? This question occupied the place of the community to earn a $cholars greatest part of all the discussions. profit for the Lord. In the continued onslaught of the Sidetracks from this ranged from He cited Matthew's "thou art Peter standard bearers of ND academic ex­ parochial school education to mar­ and upon this rock I will build my cellence who have been plucking up tyrdom. Church," as the founding of the Chris­ awards like so many seeds sown by Which should a person obey — law tian community. Emphasizing that he the roadside, the latest victims have or conscience? Both choices bring felt this text had no implications with been the Danforth foundation and the problems. If one should bow to the regard to the primacy of the Roman Michigan State University Alumni law, how can he force himself to do pontiff, he said that we as members Development Fund. something he is strongly against? of the Christian community must an­ The heroes of the Danforth cam­ If conscience should be a person's swer the same question that Peter paign are Dale Althoff and WiUiam sole guide for action, of what use is answered, i.e., "Who do you say that Langan. After surviving the blood- law? Perhaps anarchy is the govern­ I am?" By his answer Peter identified baths of nomination, testing and se­ ment most nearly divine. What is himself as a member of the Christian lection by the Advisory Council of the democratic government? Is it a con­ community, and we attempt to do foundation, they have returned with tract we have made and to which we the same thing by our answers. By spoils suflScient to support them for April 9, 1965 13 m^s f cellence in the arts and sciences among the Catholic laity of the U.S. was conceived at Notre Dame by Pro­ fessor James Edwards in 1883. Lae­ tare means "to rejoice" and Profes­ sor Edwards along with Father Thomas E. Walsh, then president of l^vgi the University, chose this day as a fitting connection between Catholic ,-1- „ MM •'^s*: liturgy and Catholic lay achievement. Six weeks before Laetare Sunday, the Laetare Medal Committee, a group of priests and lay faculty and 3*r?i administration officials, is called to­ l!'^*^^ gether by Father Hesburgh to decide who wiU be named medalist. During the first of three committee meetings, the list of proposed candidates is re­ viewed and narrowed to ten. At the Agape: Notre Dame, SMC, and Valparaiso second meeting the credits of the ten up to four years at any accredited the first sources of Christian theology, are evaluated and a vote reduces the university in the United States. In the Scriptures. number to three. In the interim be­ the case of nomination, Notre Dame A Bible service began the day; stu­ fore the final assembly, local Church has the special honor and advantage dents read texts from St. Paul and St. authorities of each nominee are con­ of being able to name five worthy stu­ John, while Fr. James Zatko of Notre tacted by committee representatives dents instead of the three allowed to Dame gave the accompanying homi­ to corroborate the fact that the can­ all but two other colleges in the coun­ lies. These texts were used in defining didate is truly a person of the highest try. The Danforth Fellowships are pre­ the theme of the conference: agape. Catholic ideals. The third and final sented on an estimation of high teach­ Christian love. The conference was meeting consists of extensive discus­ ing potential and a genuine interest established as a chance for Christian sion and the deciding vote. The name in some reasonably orthodox religion. dialogue between the Catholic and Lu­ of the medalist is given to the press for release Laetare Sunday morning. Instead of the band leader's hat, theran faiths; it was intended as a Richard J. Tondra has taken a total discussion of the essentials of the Historian John Gilmary Shea, au­ of $12,000 from the coffers of the Christian faith (as Notre Dame jun­ thority on the growth and develop­ MSU Alumni Development Fund, by ior Dave ZangriUi's talk on "Love in ment of the Catholic Church in Amer­ winning one of four Alumni Distin­ the Ecumenical Dialogue" suggested) ica, was awarded the first Laetare guished Graduate Fellowships. Each rather than an investigation of doc­ Medal in 1883. Other noted winners winner is allowed $4,000 per year for trinal differences between churches. in the Medal's long history: Kath- each of three years of study toward a After the talks, the students par­ erine Eleanor Conway, journalist, au­ doctorate in any of the more than 275 ticipated in informal discussion thor, and one-time teacher at SMC academic fields offered at Michigan groups. The exchange brought about (1907); Edward Douglas White, past State. The award, in its first year of greater realization of the unity of chief justice of the U.S. Supreme existence, was made on the basis of a Christian faiths in their common de­ Court (1914); Alfred E.Smith, states­ special by-invitation-only test and in­ sire for greater openness to each man (1929) ; tenor John McCormack terview session held earlier in the other. The concept of Christian love (1933); L A. O'Shaughnessy, philan­ year in Michigan. has been obscured in the process of thropist and donor of O'Shaughnessy Of the three winners, Tondra is the the Catholic Church's growth, while Hall (1953); George Meany, president lone wolf from the College of Science, it has been preserved by many majoring in mathematics, which he churches formed since the Reforma­ will continue at Michigan State. Dale tion. The participating students con­ Althofif is a member of the CoUege cluded that the conference represented of Arts and Letters, torturing his a dialogue rather than a debate, and mind in philosophy, while William that they were given a chance to see Langan, also in the AL College, common ideas from another, more spends his time in the field of gov­ complete perspective, by participating ernment. in such interfaith exchanges.

Dialogue of Love Laetare Ecumenism Wcis the prevaiUng spir­ For the first time in the 83-year it of the third annual Interfaith Dis­ history of the award, a current mem­ cussion with Valparaiso University ber of the Notre Dame faculty has students held last Saturday at St. been named to receive the Laetare Mary's. St. Mary's, Notre Dame and Medal. He is Dr. Frederick D. Ros­ Valparaiso took part in the program, sini, Dean of the College of Science following three preparatory meetings at Notre Dame. The Laetare Medal with Sister Charles Borromeo of the is awarded annually to the outstand­ St. Mary's Theology Department. The ing American Catholic layman, who students discussed the idea of agape is named as the recipient on Laetare in order to gain a greater understand­ Sunday, the Fourth Sunday of Lent. ing of Christian love as revealed in The idea of publicly recognizing ex­ Laetare: Rossini 14 The Scholastic of the AFL-CIO (1955); Clare ence will have a chance to tedk with Boothe Luce, diplomat (1957); and the musicians and listen to them play John F. Kennedy (1961). at their casuctl best. In naming Dean Rossini as the Judges for the '65 CJF include 1965 Laetare Medalist Fr. Hesburgh Clark Terry, Paul Horn, Arif Mardin, said: "In Dean Rossini are combined Robert Share, and Charles Suber. the gifted mind of a scientist, the Terry, an alumnus of the Duke El­ teacher's interest in young people, and lington orchestra, currently plays the executive ability required to co­ tnimpet and fliigelhom with the ordinate educational programs and NBC "Tonight Show" orchestra. Paul research in science at a complex uni­ Horn is a rising young saxophonist versity. and flutist with several interesting "Both his public and private life jazz compositions to his credit. Origi­ exemplify the high professional com­ nally from Turkey, Arif Mardin is petence and deep moral responsibility now an artists and repertoire man essential for Catholic leadership in for Atlantic Records, and has ar­ the American community. ranged music for Dizzy Gillespie and "Notre Dame, as it celebrates dur­ Herbie Mann. Robert Share is admin­ ing 1965 the Centennial of Science on istrator of the Berklee School of its campus, is particularly pleased and Music in Boston. Charles Suber is a proud to honor Deem Rossini whose former editor of Downbeat magazine, neai'ly 40 years of dedicated service and has helped the festival since its to science, higher education and gov­ inception. ernment is in the finest tradition of Prizes for the winners will include the Laetare Medal." scholarships, musical instruments, and nightclub engagements. Rep­ Born July 18, 1899, in Mononga- CJF: The Progressive Sound hela, Pennsylvania, Dean Rossini resentatives of the State Department earned his bachelor's degree in science competing at CJF this year. Heading will be on hand to listen to the from the Carnegie Institute of Tech­ the big bands is the University of groups. The Denver University stage nology, topping these achievements Illinois Jazz Band, top big band in band, winner of the '63 CJF, is cur­ with a doctorate from the University last year's festival. The Criterions, rently on a State Department tour of of California at Berkeley in 1928. from Westchester State CoUege, will the Middle East. From then until 1950 he worked come to Notre Dame fresh from their as a scientist at the National Bureau victory in last month's Villanova jazz Impersonal Expressions of Standards in Washington, rising to festival. Combos returning to CJF the head of the Section on Thermo­ include the Belcastro Trio from the This week the Impersonal Pronoun chemistry and Hydrocarbons. During University of West Virginia and the Productions heightened its already the 1950's he served as head of the Billy Harper Sextet from North great reputation for presenting the department of chemistry at Carnegie Texas State University. Both groups most exciting avant-garde theater in Tech. He became head of Notre were finalists in last year's competi­ Northern Indiana. Sponsoring a four- Dame's College of Science in 1960. tion. day symposium on German Expres­ Rossini is author or co-author of Notre Dame will be represented by sionist Art, I.P.P. has imaginatively eight books and more than 200 scien­ two groups. The Lettermen, directed demonstrated the possibility of a peri­ tific papers, dealing chiefly with ther­ by Bernie Zahren, will enter in the od artistic study (1900-25), using mochemistry and thermodynamics. big band category. Several good sax­ local experts on period art, music, He has received numerous awards and ophone soloists, a strong brass sec­ literature, drama, and film. is currently president of The Albertus tion, and some interesting arrange­ On Tuesday, Rev. Carl Hager, Magnus Guild, a national organiza­ ments give them their best chance C.S.C., head of the Music Department, tion of Catholic scientists. He is also since they first entered CJF in 1963. gave a lecture on music, followed by a member of the National Academy The Notre Dame Jazz Quartet (Stan the Expressionist film, "The Cabinet of of Sciences as well as many other Liberty, Larry Dwyer, Jim Higgins, Dr. Caligari." Wednesday, Dr. Frieda scientific organizations and fraterni­ and Gus Duffy) will compete for Grosser, German professor at St. ties. small group honors. Mary's, gave a lecture on the litera­ Date and place of presentation of As host band, the Lettermen wiU ture of the period. Thursday, Mrs. the Laetare Medal have not been de­ open the festival at the first prelimi­ A. R. Evans gave a slide lecture on termined as yet. nary session, from 7:15 to 11:30 this Expressionistic painting. evening. The second preliminary ses­ Previously, I.P.P. has presented sion will last from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m. three plays by Michel de Ghelderode Excitement in Sound tomorrow afternoon. Finalists from which had not been seen in this area The seventh annual CoUegiate Jazz the preliminary sessions will then in two years; and in February pre­ Festival will fill the campus with the compete in the last session tomorrow sented Ubu Eoi, which had not been progressive sounds of modern jazz night from 8 p.m. to 11 p.m. Sid produced in the United States in ten this weekend. Notre Dame's CJF is McCoy, noted jazz disc jockey on Chi­ years. This week, in addition to the the oldest and biggest festival of its cago's WCFL, will serve as master lectures and film, they presented a kind, and boasts collegiate talent of of ceremonies for the first session. program of Joh, and Murder, tlie professional quality. Professionalism There wiU edso be a jam session Hope of Women, by poet-artist Oskar in this case means excitement, and this evening at Robert's Supper Club, Kokoschka. These plays, according this year's CJF has a formidable ar­ beginning at midnight. Contestants to available records, have not been ray of contestants who should draw and even the judges wiU trade musi­ presented' anywhere in the last forty critical and popular acclaim. cal ideas informally at this tradition­ years. Both plays, however, proved Nine big bands and ten combos are ally free floating bash, while the audi­ to be vibrant and exciting theater. April 9, 1965 15 The plays were excently produced. Dr. Krone then delivered a major selves be luUed into ignoring the wai Costumes, scene design and special address on the German view of Ger­ capabilities of the Soviets and the effects were imaginatively conceived many's posture regarding both her possibility that they might be used. and executed. Job, a short three-act own defense and the defense of West­ Dr. Krone expressed the gratitude play, featured Bill Navin as Job, ern Europe. He began by disparaging of himself and his three million f eUow Kathy Fehlig as Anima, J. Strahs as observers of international affairs who West Berliners toward the United Rubberman, and William Donovan as try to convince others, especially States for the job it has done de­ Parrot. Much of Kokoschka's dia­ Americans, that Germans desire nu­ fending that city and pledged the con­ logue is symbolic and not readily in­ clear weapons. However convincing tinuing support of the German Fed­ telligible, but the essential theme of the arguments of these observers eral Republic to a strong Atlantic love, coupled with lust for blood, is seem, Dr. Krone insisted that the community, safeguarding justice and evident and was nightmarishly pre­ plain fact is that, within Germany it­ freedom in the world. sented. self, the acquisition of nuclear weap­ Murder, tlie Hope of Women, a ons is not even considered. Five-year Protest Just what does Germany want, short one-act play, featured Hernan On March 19, Rev. A. Leonard Col­ Puentes and Kathy Fehlig. It was then? Dr. Krone explained that Ger­ many's basic defensive commitment lins, C.S.C, issued a directive to all introduced by several minutes of upperclassman halls which stated that weird, terrifjdng music punctuated by is toward the collective security sys­ tem embodied in NATO. All of Ger­ aU fifth-year students will have to screams. This play, more frightening move off campus next year. The or­ than the first, was also centered about many's armed forces, with the excep­ tion of those committed to internal der is directed at all architects, AB- the love-hate theme. The plays will Engineers, and the seniors graduat­ be presented again tonight, with no security, have been completely inte­ grated into the collective NATO com­ ing in January, but would not apply admission charge; posters are on bul­ to law students who have the top letin boards with information regard­ mand structure. According to Dr. ing the distribution of tickets. The Archetype of Man On Tuesday, March 23, at 4:30 p.m., Rev. Theodore Hesburgh convened a formal academic convocation of the University of Notre Dame in the audi­ torium of the Memoried Library in order to confer the University's hon­ orary degree of Doctor of Laws on Dr. Heinrich Krone, the Minister for Special Affairs of the German Federal Republic. After opening the ceremony. Father Hesburgh introduced Dean O'Meara of the Law School who read the citation accompanying the degree. The cita­ tion praised Dr. Krone as "... a statesman, public servant, respected editor, and witness to the vitality of the Christian conscience." The cita­ tion took note of Dr. Krone's bravery as a newspaper editor in refusing to Hesburgh, Krone and Schuster — Notre Dame Honors a Statesman bend under Nazi pressure; he dis­ guised himself for several years eis a Krone, the Germans feel that the only two floors of Fisher Hall reserved for traveling salesman before his even­ sane way of guaranteeing the secur­ them. Many of these are transfer stu­ tual imprisonment in 1944. It con­ ity of Western Europe against the dents who would not have come here cluded by citing his important role in overwhelming preponderance of So­ if they had to live off campus. Archi­ the foundation and leadership of the viet power is to confront it with a tecture students and AB-Engineers Christian Democratic Union, which unified NATO system, backed by the feel that this ruling is highly unfair led in the postwar reconstruction of nuclear capability of the United for them. On March 29 a group of Germany, and finally honored Dr. States. With this in mind he de­ architecture students went to Fr. Col- Krone as ". . . the archetype of the plored the path of fragmentation fins to request that the directive be political man most needed in the which NATO seems to be currently changed to exclude them. He listened Western world today: the Christian traveling and urged that common to their presentation and explained democrat . . ." agreement on basic policy be reached why the directive was issued. He Then, speeiking in German, Dr. before something like the dangerous did not, however, say that he would Krone thanked the University which situation of 1949 recurs. change it. The AB-Engineers plan had served as refuge for German emi­ Dr. Krone also saw some danger­ to go to him in the future for a sim­ grants fleeing Nazi terror and which ous elements in the current trend to­ ilar discussion. had been so helpful in the renewal of ward the easing of the cold war. The architects state that their un­ German life after Hitler's defeat. He While admitting that no effort should usual working hours — theirs is one pledged to continue working toward be spared in attempting rapproche­ of two buildings that are never closed understanding and friendship so that ment with the Soviets, he cautioned because they have to work late — liberty and freedom might maintain that we must keep the example of would make living off campus a spe- their reign. Munich in mind and never let our- (Continu^d on page 33) 16 The Scholastic "Irrational Ideas" which make life difficult. 1. The need for approval or the "I must be loved school." 2. The idea of sin and vindictive- on other campuses ness involving the erroneous evil of so-called sexual moraility. 3. Emotional helplessness — blam­ • "PERHAPS the most cdarming find­ many students have cheated as stu­ ing others for situations and mis­ ing of this study concerns the preva­ dent body presidents estimate, and fortunes. lence of academic dishonesty on more than three times as many have 4. External dependence — depend­ American college campuses," says a cheated as deans estimate." The sur­ ing on another person for support, report conducted by Columbia Uni­ vey seems to indicate that student- 5. Intolerance of adversity or the versity and sponsored by the United governed honor systems are the most "spoiled child" complex. States Department of Health, Educa­ successful remedy to cheating be­ 6. Perfectionism. tion, and Welfare. Believe it or not, cause students develop "a stronger 7. Escapism. the foxy survey concluded that aca­ sense of commitment to norms of 8. Nihilism or the alienation from demic dishonesty in college is "grossly academic integrity." (cough) humanity and life. underestimated." Based on answers 9. Worry or obsession with self- by 600 college deans, 500 student body • FROM LIVELY Colorado University a disturbing anxieties. presidents, and 5,422 students (a psychiatrist relates that suicide at­ 10. Fixation or the fear that an rather scanty sampling), the study tempts at that school are above aver­ inadequacy wiU affect one forever. was able to draw the following earth- age. Dr. Alan Frank estimated that It seems that in one way or an­ shattering Humpty Dumpty conclu­ the average year produces about 25 other the Institute has managed to sions: "dramatic" attempts. He frankly classify the entire human race as —Only a small proportion of those stated that, "Every suicide attempt "irrational." who cheat are caught and punished is a cry for help." Many attempts are (sshriek!); actually types of "social blackmail." • THREATENED with a mental break­ —Sources of college cheating can A girl threatening to jump from a down, a 23-year-old Polish student at­ be traced to high-school experiences ledge fifteen stories high may just be tending a school in Warsaw was (shocking!); trying to put her boy friend into line. recently committed to a sanitarium. —Schools with honor systems are Occasionally, though, one of these After a few months, the student had less apt to have a high level of cheat­ blackmailers accidentally slips and is recovered and happily returned to his ing than those with other arrange­ added to the suicide column. Accord­ dorm. However, after close compari­ ments for control (e.g., the Air Force ing to Frank, "The cause is almost son, he decided that he would be Academy); never grades, but almost always has better off in the sanitarium (i.e., to —Elements of school quality are as­ to do with personal relationships with study). He convinced the hospital to sociated with low levels of cheating. others." recommit him to its peace and qxiiet, "At least half the students in the and, as a result, was able to pass his sample have engaged in some form of • THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA branch final examinations better than ever academic dishonesty since coming to of the Institute for Rational Living before. Moral: you don't go to college college. . . . Two and a half times as has published a list of the Top Ten to study, but to go crazy. feiffer IHe CHURCH-STATe- IT 15 TO M35T faP5 THf •me SUR6RI/I5ICW , issue 13 M&(2S(-Y e<39WM-0P IS THe 19 aaeo'scf^oa.: A R5I7 HgRPIMG eemseu -we iMPociRiu- ossiemo TO AW Msws OF Ksepihie ATICW IS CMieV CHILRSeU. us uaveR (WTQOL -^gPUCATIOM:' RfAt COJFUCT 19 ma WITHI^3 THC IM OUR SdUCK- T9wum emnes TlOtO SVSTfM. (JORMALLV use: CM rriS MOT 6£TaJ6EM avm\ W STATE- CtPme PCPMI-ATIOMS: A ^M8/MATWW CF smmsD^ AMP lUPoaeiMATio).

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April 9, 1965 Before Rev. Thomas Heath, O.P., closed the hour-long Bible vigil with the hymn, "We Shall Overcome," Ann Tobin said a final prayer: "If this be your will, it must begin with us."— Perhaps she spoke for many of those who failed to attend as well as for those who hecird her.

Some from ND did hear. Their report to Bill Roach on their re­ ception in Mississippi follows.

During the spring break, eight No­ tre Dcune students accompanied Pro­ fessor Roman McClatcher and his wife to Meridian, Mississippi, to help rebuild three Negro Baptist churches which had burned last summer. An automobile accident marred the trip down to Mississippi and tied the group up in several days of court proceed­ ings. Despite the accident, they ar­ rived in Meridian ahead of schedule only to find that their correspondent Revolution on Four Fronts: The Student Response

Notre Dame and St. Mary's prayed Spiritual Commission of St. Mary's in Meridian, Rev. Alcuin Mikulanis, for Rev. Reeb, Selma and society's and the Catholic Interracial Council O.F.M., chaplain at Saint Joseph Hos­ conscience. Terry Plumb reports of South Bend. pital, had been unable to find housing on ND ''involvement." Rev. James Egan, O.P., of St. for them. The Catholic families he Mary's, reminded those attending that had contacted were either afraid of "\^Tiy do you sleep? Arise and even though they could not now go reprisals or didn't see that they had pray. . . . There is a Selma in each of themselves, they were one with the any moral obligation to participate in our hearts and in the heairts of all." persons dying for the cause of free­ the civil-rights movement. Nearly 400 students, nuns, priests, dom. "We are one family not unaf­ The local Knights of Columbus is­ and seminarians listened to Rev. Louis fected by those at the wall." sued a statement at their weekly Putz, C.S.C, attack the indifference Among those reading from Holy meeting, condemning the Notre Dame of Americans to the suffering in the Scripture were Mr. Lemuel Joyner, group as "Northern agitators and civil-rights struggle in Alabama. vice-president of the local Catholic troublemakers." He spoke during a Bible vigil Mon­ Interracial Council, and Mr. Bob Wa- The nuns at St. Joseph's, however, day, March 15, at the Grotto, terminal than, an employee of the Notre Dame were especially helpful and allowed point of a candlelight procession post office who is actively interested the group to stay in the abandoned which began at LeMans Hall. In front in student endorsement of the civil- nurses' home attached to the hospital. of Father Putz several students held rights movement. Both men are Ne­ In return for their hospitality, they signs protesting the Negroes' plight. groes, and later both expressed op­ were subjected to a barrage of 20 "America, Freedom?" and "How Far timism at the large turnout. Mr. Wa- threatening phone calls per day; the Away Is Selma?" Behind the con­ than said that he had been worried staff of their hospital threatened a crete platform en which he spoke, about the apparent apathy of many' boycott if the students were allowed someone had placed a large white sign students but that he felt very happy to stay. They were. Father Bryan, with stark red and black lettering: at the support evidenced that evening. the local pastor, did not demonstrate "Rev. Reeb died March 11, 1965. No A few others were not so pleased. the same courage. Earlier this year greater love has any man than he lay One Notre Deune student thought Father Bryan endeared himself to the down his life for freedom." that, in proportion, far fewer of his townspeople by defying his bishop and Ann Tobin, a first-year graduate fellows came than girls from St. refusing to integrate his grammar theology student from St. Mary's, con­ Mary's or religious from both schools. school. The ladies of his parish, how­ ceived and organized the "Support He noted that many of the Notre ever, did see a moral obligation to Through Prayer" for the civU-rights Dame students attending were those participate in the civil-rights move­ workers in Selma and the Notre Dame "expected" to come—namely, Y.C.S. ment; they and some women from the students who would assist Negroes in members. Another regretted that he Negro Catholic church cooked all the Mississippi and Chicago during the did not see any "student leaders" rep­ meals for the participants in the spring break. She worked with the resenting their University. project.

18 The Scholastic Towards the end of their stay in brief outline of the physical and social to fester. What is needed is men and Meridian, a local judge invited the geography of the city. We then had women dedicated to personal service. ND men to have dinner with his fam­ several hours to wait for the others In concluding he said a very striking ily and five couples from the town. and talk among ourselves. We all thing: "Love is perhaps the only rele­ Here several of the guests thanked agreed that we would get more than vant motivation in the city." the participants in the project for we'd give in this short week, experi­ Al Hadley of the Chicago Area Lay coming to Meridian and "pricking the encing the problems of a big city Movement (CALM) and Father Mi­ consciences" of those that knew bet­ and acquiring some understanding of chael Dempsey of Our Lady of ter but were afraid to act. These what is being done about them. That Lourdes Parish in Lawndale, also people stressed how important to night we went to our lodgings, some spoke, further outlining the back­ them it was that college students of them temporary, and returned the ground for our future work. On Mon­ cared enough to forego their vaca­ next afternoon for our formal brief­ day morning we reported to those tions and risk their lives to help the ing and assignments. projects. We were divided into five people of Mississippi. While they nat­ The briefing was our first encounter groups, each connected with a differ­ urally resent outside intervention to with the people who are committed to ent group or agency, and didn't meet a certain degree, they recognized its the city and its problems and who are again until the next Saturday at our necessity, and were profuse in their seeking solutions in Christianity. Mr. final evaluation. thanks to the participants in the John A. McDermott, executive direc­ Seniors Bob Brugger and Bob Bol- spring project. tor of the CIC, presented the problem: duc worked with Father Dempsey at Local Negroes were also reticent America is now, and in the future will Our Lady of Lourdes. During the day toward the group during the first few overwhelmingly be, a society of giant they took a survey of the neighbor­ days; it was obvious that they were urban masses. Our task is to build hood, gauging the people's reaction to not used to accepting help from "human" metropolitan centers with a such proposals as a clinic, free em­ whites. Toward the end of the week, vibrant culture and a respect for hu­ ployment agency, day nursery, youth however, as things were being done man dignity. American Catholics, as activities and adult education proj­ for their benefit by whites, they an urban people eind one possessed of ects. At night the volunteers partici­ warmed to the workers and were a philosophy for accomplishing this pated in the activities at the parish equally appreciative of the visit of humanization, are on "home ground" center. Notre Darners to Meridian. in the struggle. As it stands, cities The two grad students, Al McLeod are compartmentalized, the poor have and Lou Fournier, and junior John A call was also answered in "our become separated and hence "invis­ McFarlane were stationed with the own back yard." John Gorman tells ible" to the larger society. The cities, Little Brothers of the Poor, a secular of Ms experiences while working to which were classically places of op­ institute on the Near North Side, a build a "human metropolitan center." portunity, have allowed frustration, few blocks from the CIC office. The meaninglessness and disorganization philosophy of the Little Brothers is The Chicago Spring Project was rather hurriedly organized for those who were unable to go to Mississippi or who preferred an opportunity to work in the North in answer to the Southern cry of "Clean up your own back yard first." Inevitably it suffered from this haste, but at week's end, none of the 14 participants had lost his enthusiasm for the work being done in Chicago or his desire to make a significant contribution to it. We were a small group, but we indicated a response from a broad base in the University. We were from all four classes and the graduate school, from AB, Science and Engi­ neering, from the Northeast, the Mid­ west, the Far West, from Canada and Colombia. Few of us knew more than one or two of the other volunteers. There were a couple of brief orga­ nizational meetings; and, on Saturday, the first day of spring break, we streamed into Chicago by various routes armed only with a phone num­ ber. The number was that of the Catholic Interracial Council of Chi­ cago which was coordinating our ac­ tivities with various groups and agen­ cies in the city. At midafternoon, when the bulk of us had gathered at the Council's headquarters, Mr. Mon­ roe Sullivan of the CIC, who had worked with junior Wally Davis in setting up the program, gave us a April 9, 1965 79 "Flowers before Bread." They feel the marchers remember that whoever that the basic physical needs are might try to stop them would perhaps taken care of by the state; and the be following his own right conscience. real apostolate of the poor should con­ "As the march began, we were centrate on human contact, making again warned that if tear gas should those who feel overwhelmed by the be used, we were to drop to the impersonality of the city know that ground on our faces, covering the someone CEires for them. They make backs of our heads with our hands. weekly or monthly visits to the elder­ Yet things proceeded quietly. We ly poor all over the city bringing them marched six abreast toward the edge food packages, but more importantly, of the Negro section. There we were friendship. Their technique is to pro­ met by the police, most of whom vide some simple luxuries for people seemed as nervous as we were. I living both physically and emotionally found myself talking with a man I at the subsistence level. It may be a assumed to be the Mayor of Selma. bouquet of flowers for an old woman He asked very calmly that the march­ on her birthday, or an invitation to a ers disperse, saying that he hoped no party or to their locally famous violence would be necessary. I replied Christmas dinners. Those who worked that I hoped none would be, for, like with them feel they gained an insight it or not, the eyes of the world were into the workings of the modern city, focusing on the problems of Selma. its "marginal" citizens, and a truly It surprised me later to find a picture effective way of helping them and the of our talk in the papers, a picture city. that made it appear much more ani­ Four volunteers, senior Carlos Gor- mated than it actually was. "As the march broke up, two nuns, richo and freshmen Ron Bixby, Mark the buildings. At night. Father Ger­ another priest, and I were ushered Babbitt and George Flynn worked out ald Millin, one of the assistants who back into the Negro section to a wait­ of various offices of the Commission has worked in Negro parishes since ing car. We dropped the nuns off at on Youth Welfare, a city agency. Car­ his ordination, took us to meet vari­ a Catholic mission where they were los was attached to the Near North ous people all over the South Side to spend the night. I slept that eve­ office, working in a Puerto Rican who could give us an idea of the so­ ning in the labor room of the new community. He was in close contact cial situation. One night we attended Good Samaritan Hospital. Selma was with the boys in the streets, convinc­ a Selma ssmipathy rally at a nearby so crowded that no other room was ing them of the desirability of staying parish and met several priests and available. And we had been advised in school and publicizing the Job nuns who, like Father Millin, had been by others not to leave the Negro sec­ Corps program. The other CYW proj­ in the demonstrations in Alabama. ect workers met with var3dng degrees tion of the town. Early the next of success depending on the office to At the Saturday evaluation with morning the four of us drove to Mont­ which they were assigned. Some of representatives of tiie CIC and CALM, gomery where we caught a plane for the offices were obviously unprepared we agreed that while there had been Atlanta and Chicago. to use them; and, in the words of one problems and disappointments, the week was definitely worthwhile. It "On the plane from Atlanta I sat worker, "they were not too overjoyed next to a man from Baton Rouge, at seeing me." With these it took a had increased and given form to our desire to do something about the Louisiana. He eventually asked me couple of days of insistence before what I thought of the civU rights they could actually get out and meet problems we had observed. Bob Brug- ger and WaUy Davis, in their report demonstrations taking place in Selma, people. Ron Bixby, working with the adding before I could answer that it West Lawndale office, did follow-up on the project to Father Hesburgh, will recommend that it be extended was the Northerners coming into the reports on juvenile delinquency sir- South that caused a good deal of the rests. He interviewed the families and to a summer project. Group members are currently working with the CIC trouble. This led me to reaffirm mj' the boys themselves to help them reasons for going to Selma. After all, work out the best of the possible so­ and CALM to set up fuU and specific programs. the true essence of Christianity is lutions to their problems. helping one's neighbor. Junior Mike Fitzgerald was sta­ Love as the "only relevant motiva­ "I have recently read an article tioned at St. Agatha's Parish, also in tion" was reiterated by formerr ND written by a Southern minister. He Lawndale. He worked in its extensive President Rev. John Cavanaugh. Pete confesses that it is the religious of aU youth and education programs, and Siegwald interviews him on "Why faiths, coming down from the North organized special entertainments. Selma?" to aid the distressed Negro, who are Sophomores John Thornton and actually fulfilling this duty to their John Gregory and juniors Joe BodeU Father Cavanaugh sat at the desk neighbor, a duty that has so long and I worked in St. Brendan's Parish near the front of the large room, been preached in the South yet so lit­ in Englewood on the South Side. We empty but for himself and his inter­ tle practiced. This, what I feel to be had originally been scheduled to work viewer. In his thoughtful and precise the true Christian spirit, is why I on another project; and for something manner he began to speak of his day asked to go to Selma." so impromptu, St. Brendan's worked in Selma, Alabama. out very well. The parish is in a "We were gathered in the basement MarcJwrs went from Selma to changing neighborhood, and our cen­ of a Methodist church, people of all Montgomery as the nation watched sus work enabled us to meet both the denominations and some of none. One and listened. The comments of incoming Negroes and the old (and of those present asked a nun to lead Sisters Michael and Mary Cath­ most emphatically outgoing) whites. the group in prayer before the march erine of SMC and Senior Jim We also laid out a basketball court in began She did so, asking in a beau­ the school gym and did other work in tiful and simple way that God help {Continued on page 40) 20 The Scholastic A QUESTION OF HONOR by Frank Smith

N FEBRUARY 28, Patrick Kelley, a junior science stu­ In order for the Honor Code to be a living expression of O dent, resigned his position as a member of the Honor the consensus of the community, and, thus, just, we must Council. The cause of his resignation was a belief that the either change the scale of values of the entire commimity Honor Code has not been fully accepted by the student or we must change the underlying assumptions of the Hon­ body and has proven to be basically an unjust system. The or Code. But if we change the underlying assumptions of following are excerpts from Kelley's resignation. the Honor Code, we cease to have a true honor code. In­ "The Honor Code is based on the general assumptions stead, we would have only a mechanical means of eflBcient- that the vast majority of students at Notre Dame are hon­ ly enforcing certain prescribed behavior. This has been orable, that in each class of the University this assump­ clearly seen. The members of the Honor Council have thus tion holds true, and that this sense of honor is assumed to attempted the second alternative, to 'educate to a sense of be such that, not only will the vast majority of students honor.' But the problem and the possibilities have been do their own academic work, but wiU also warn any honor conceived wrongly. It is not enough to convert the 5%- violators, and report them, if necessary, to restore the 10% who are admittedly dishonorable. The ultimate task community of honor. of the Honor Code is to effect a radical reshuffling of the "In this first semester, we have seen the breakdown of scale of values of the entire Notre Dame community. I these basic assumptions in three broad areas. Any break­ submit that this is impossible. The tension caused by at­ down in the assumptions necessarily entails injustice with­ tempting to strive towards this future transformed society in the system founded upon them. Let us examine the while having to act as if it were already here has resulted three areas and resulting injustices. in the injustices I have previously mentioned. "Two cases of wholesale class cheating have been spe­ "But even if this radically transformed society were cifically reported to the Honor Council; there have been possible (which I deny), we could not use that possibility strong rumors about three other classes. The action the to excuse the injustice of the present situation." council took in these two cases was necessarily improvised, Upon the request of the SCHOLASTIC,, Lance Drane, since, under the basic assumptions of the Code, such situa­ chairman of the Honor Council, prepared a statement in tions are impossible. Thus, it was clear that, when whole­ answer to Kelley's charges. Although not a point-by-point sale class cheating occurs, the entire class has automatical­ refutation of his criticisms, Drane disagrees with KeUey's ly put itself outside the Honor Code. Since, to be just, an evaluation of the Code as unworkable and basically unjust. enforcement procedure must apply to the entire commu­ (Continued on 'page 39) nity, this results in grave injustice to everyone who is subject to the Honor Code. "The second area in which we have seen a total break­ down in the assumptions concerning a community of honor has been the contradiction of the assumed motivation for self-reporting. In the Code, it is assumed that a student will report himself for an honor violation in order to re­ store himself to the community of honor. This has not been the case. Students report themselves because they have been warned; their motivations are abject fear and a desire to secure the least possible penalty. This results in injustice because the most obviously guilty get off with the lightest penalties, so it is only the extremely question­ able cases which are brought to trial, vrith the possibility of the maximum sentence. It is obvious that the one to one correspondence between method of reporting and severity of penalty must be changed. This can be done, but any alternative to the present system must entail a trial for all cases. Positing the same case load next year as this, the Honor Code will fall simply because such a load will be too heavy for any group of 25 men. But the very necessity for this change contradicts the basic as­ sumption of a community of honor upon which any Honor Code is based. To inaugurate this change is to admit that the basis for the existence of the Code is faulty. "The third contradiction of the basic assumptions lies in the fact that the vast majority of cases reported to the Honor Council have been reported by the teacher involved. This results in injustice in that most of the cases must be decided on strictly circtmistantial evidence, a very tricky business. Furthermore, the combination of unproctored tests and the student refusal of responsibility broadens considerably those areas outside the Honor Code. "The failure of the vast majority of students to assume responsibility for warning and reporting honor violations points to the basic problem which must be faced squarely. April 9, 1965 21 prophylactics and the withdrawal method. He sees abor­ tion as most disgusting of all, and he cited the fact that many countries that have approved of it in the past have now rejected the idea. Yet this method is still in wide use in many parts of the world, practiced by amateur physicians. Intrauterine devices have proven extremely effective. However, as their method of action is not completely Procreation vs. understood. Doctor Rock cannot accept them. He does approve of the pill, whose function he went on to explain. The pill is composed of synthetic chemicals, Reproduction which resemble the normal female hormones that elimi­ nate the chance of a new egg being produced and entering the system until the previous egg has been discharged, by Pete Siegwald or, if fertilized, until the child is born. If an approved form of the pill is taken according to directions, it wiU <

"Before long across this broad land of ours, a youthful Word," March 5). This struggle was inspired in part by college editor will get into trouble with the administration. recent censorship of the Loyola Neivs. The university He will be rebuked for 'poor judgment and worse taste. had instituted a zoning change on some property it owned Cries of 'censorship' and 'suppression' will thereupon rend and wanted to sell. The property is in a residential the air. . . . Is this annual agony necessary or inevitable?" neighborhood and Loyola's planned sale aroused the en­ — Editorial in America, Oct. 31, 1964. mity of an entire area of Chicago's North Side. The Loyola News on February 12, accused the administration /^ ENSORSHip of the student press is an old and venerable of an un-Christian-like attitude in the sale of its property, ^ practice in almost all American institutions of higher with this comment coming in the form of a devastating learning. Catholic colleges and universities are unique cartoon. The following week prior censorship of News only in that they exercise censorship more often and in material (always cillowed in principle) was intensified and more trivial cases than do their secular counterparts. It extended to include all cartoons. Under the new heat, an is a quite common occurrence each year to watch the editorial on freedom of the student press was altered by clerical educator-administrator hurling himself "ex cathe­ the censor, and editors of the Neios printed a large gray dra" against his student editors. Last year Seton Hall block in the space where the censored editorial would and the University of San Francisco were the scenes of have run. Students protested against such censorship but such action. Now, the pall of censorship dispute has their pleas were ignored and imiversity interference in come to Xavier University and Loyola University of Chi­ the paper increased. cago. As Michael O'Connell said in the November 14, 1964, edition of America magazine: "The Catholic universities' On March 5, 1965, an entire week's issue of the Xavier student newspapers . . . have long been the poor little News was suppressed by the administration (i.e., de­ stroyed). One might think that this issue of the News must have contained a heresy greater than the 95 Theses or at least an article of monumental villainy. But such was not the case. The News of March 5 was "burned" because in putting it together the editor, Terry Wallace, violated article 10 of the pubUcation's constitutional guide­ lines. Article 10 had been approved by the university's Board of Trustees on November 6, 1964, and it stated that the editor-in-chief would serve for one year, after which he would resign with no further duties on the paper. Of course, this article was included for a definite purpose. At least two of the most controversial and professional editors on the 1965 News staff were former editors-in- chief. In fact, these men were so controversial that the university could not wait until the end of the year to get rid of them. Thus, article 10 was made retroactive and these staff members were ordered to retire by the ad­ brother of the Catholic press." Such papers are generally ministration. Editor Terry Wallace appealed this order cdso the poor relations of the otherwise healthy national and proceeded to put out another issue with the help of student press. And their condition does not necessarily the "fired" editors. When Xavier oflScials discovered that reflect a lack of ability or originality in Catholic student their order was being circumvented, they confiscated the journalists. Very often attempts at independence, liveli­ issue, threatened Wallace with expulsion, and obtained ness, and complete news gathering are rewarded at Catho­ his dismissal from the paper by the Student Review Board. lic colleges by the falling sword of Damocles. Institutions After the crucifixion was over, staff members resigned controlled by religious groups have a tendency to abhor in droves and there was talk of not publishing the News any opinion different from their own. for the rest of the school year. Ex-editor Wallace com­ But there are other reasons for overzealous censorship mented that: "The administration showed a complete lack and suppression by clerical administrators. Catholic col­ of Christian Charity and gratitude to myself and other leges seem to be super-sensitive to outside reaction from members of the staff. . . . My biggest disappointment was sensation-seeking press, critical alumni, and busybodies. that my appeal on article 10 was cast aside and completely Nervous fear that alleged faults or weU-aimed criticism disregarded by the University." The Xavier Neios has might leak out to the public sometimes borders on the- had a reputation for being one of the most lively and paranoiac. However, even this situation could be tolerated most controversial Catholic college newspapers in the if student editors and administration would work together country. Whether it can continue this course remains to in mutual respect and trust. Unfortunately students in be seen. In any case, time has already covered over the Catholic institutions are often treated as dangerous sub­ scene of the once violent conflict. As was inevitable, the versives or witless vermin. Far from being dealt with as forces of established clericcil authority were victorious. partners in an educative process, they are often regarded Life goes on and so does the Xaviei^ News. as transient delinquents learning discipline on a work In another Jesuit institution, Loyola University of Chi­ farm. Arguments of academic freedom are set aside by cago, a less dramatic but equally important story has Catholic administrators because they believe that edu­ been unfolding. The SCHOLASTIC has already mentioned cation is merely a one-way mental plating process. Any the struggle over Loyola's Student Bill of Rights ("Last f Continued on page 37) April 9, 1965 23 1965 International Forum Latin America: The Emerging Challenge by Bill Roach those of the United States. Yet the earth's population and space. The rate of economic growth has averaged situation is further complicated by out to only 2 percent per annum over the fact that two billion people sub­ 4<-pvURmG THE NEXT DECADE the the past 20 years, a growth rate sist on substandard diets and live in i-^ nations of Latin America will which would be far too small for an substandard housing. AU this is go­ face a tremendous challenge on both industrial giant like the United States. ing on in an era of tremendous scien­ the national and the international The Russian rate is 8 percent per tific achievement when man is about fronts. The present socio-economic annum. The international projection to fulfill the prophecy of Genesis and system is unable to give the Latin of this national economic failure is become the master of the earth. Here, American people what everyone liv­ even more staggering. Imagine a con­ in these troubled and tumultuous ing in the latter half of the twentieth tinent divided into 20 countries with times, the Americas have joined century feels he has the right to 20 different currencies and 20 dif­ themselves together in a political al­ claim. And the populace of South ferent national interests and 20 dif­ liance, without sharing the mutual America is becoming more and more ferent economies. Such a division of a ground of a common language, cul­ conscious of this failure, yielding an continent destroys any hope of a con­ ture, geography or religion. electric and somewhat contagious at­ tinental market which is needed for While the aims of the United mosphere of discontent and revolt." industrial gi'owth. A national market These are the terms in which the States and the Latin American coun­ of eight million in Chile is much less tries are not identical, they are not Chilean Ambassador, Radomiro interesting to big industry than the Tomic, described the "emerging chal­ antagonistic. The United States is a national market of 200 million in the world power with world interests lenge" of Latin America in his key­ U.S. Even in Europe where the na­ note address for the 1965 Interna­ while the interests of Latin Ameri­ tional markets border on the 50 mil­ can nations lie necessarily within tional Forum of the University of lion mark, their size is inadequate Notre Dame. In the next hour and a their own continental limits. They are for the development of big industry, not world powers and have no aspira­ half he used ChUe as an example of hence we have the common market. aU the problems which his continent tions in this direction. Their initiative Big industry, then, can't develop in must be channeled to improve the and ours would face in the next this divided continent, and its pres­ decade. economic and social conditions within ent condition makes it impossible for their own continent. In Latin America 140 million peo­ it to enter the world market in any ple go to bed hungry every night, i.e., kind of a serious manner. It cannot Ambassador Tomic stressed that he their diet does not meet the minimum take advantage of its tremendous felt that the lack of Latin American standards set by the United Nations natural resources without selling initiative was responsible for this in in defining underdeveloped countries. them as raw materials, losing all the a great part, but the important fact In the particular case of Chile, half employment that the ore processing is that the present international ar­ of • its population of eight million industries could provide for native rangement has been a dismal failure. is under the age of 20. And the prob­ Latin Americans. Recently the Latin The populace of South America is be­ lem is getting worse. The total food American nations have organized coming conscious of this in ever-in­ production today is ten percent less themselves into the Free Zone Trade creasing numbers. They are throwing per capita than it was 15 years ago. Organization to promote more trade away the "vale of tears" concept and According to UNESCO figures, 70 within the South American continent, starting to realize that God didn't million adult Latin Americans cannot but even now only 10 percent of destine them to live in disease-ridden X'ead or write, and the illiteracy rate Chile's foreign trade is within the poverty, to watch their children is on the rise in the larger countries. continent of South America. How­ starve, etc. Yesterday's disgrace has In the case of Chile, which ranks ever, Ambassador Tomic ended on an become today's injustice. In the last fourth in per capita income of the 20 optimistic note, basing his hope for four years eight Latin American gov­ Latin American nations, the median the future on the inter-American sys­ ernments have toppled. The com­ education is second-grade level. Only tem. munists have played a very prominent role in these coups. one half of one percent of those He described the inter-American starting first grade ever reach the system as an association of nations One bright spot on the horizon is universitj'^ level. Thus ninety-eight who have freely elected to share a the double victory of Frei, the percent of university students come common destiny in times when no Christian Democratic candidate in from the upper classes. one can say what will be the fate of Chile. First came his surprising vic­ To be able to accurately evaluate man. He said, "The United States tory over the communists in the the economic growth of Latin Amer­ has never faced such a dangerous presidential election, then he won a ica, we should keep in mind that we period in its history." Seventeen years vote of confidence from the populace are dealing with an area three times ago there was only one communist who gave him a working majority the size of the United States with nation in the world; now the com­ in the House of Representatives. Thus even greater natural resources than munists control one third of the there are two possibilities open for 24 The Scholastic Latin America at this time, the re­ has so long been.part of the tradi­ families in Latin America are com­ volution without freedom in com­ tional teaching of the Latin Church mon to all social classes, in contrast munism and the revolution with free­ has given the Church an anachronis­ to America where there is an inverse dom through Christian Democracy tic air in an age when the populace relationship between economic status and similar movements. But- if the is awakening to its right to claim a and family size. In America this trend latter effort is to be successful, it better life. Thus the Church is in has provided a greater degree of so­ must be made on the international the undesirable position where the cial mobility which is not found in level. Communism is the only system most it can expect is to keep up with Latin America. But in Latin Amer­ that has shown itself capable of mo­ the present change and not to lead it. ica there are perceptible changes and bilizing these economic forces on the In recent years the Protestant a certain ambivalence in the attitude national level. Therefore it is neces­ Churches have made tremendous in­ towards large families. The abortion sary that we make this an inter­ roads in Latin America by teaching rate is skyrocketing in the urban national revolution in freedom, in the attractive doctrine of natural vir­ areas of Latin America. Birth con­ which the United States would play tue. They preach a twentieth-century trol clinics are becoming a common not merely the role of a generous version of the Protestant-Calvinistic sight on the urban scene. The ef­ donor but an associate expecting to doctrine that led to the development fective means of birth control, the share in the benefits of such an ar­ of the capitalism in the West. Tem­ intra-uterine coil, is at hand; yet rangement. perance, fortitude, and hard work are the Church has not seen fit to keep Commenting on the Peace Corps virtues that have a very real mean­ pace with the changing social order in the question and answer period. ing to the man who is hungry and and still preaches procreation as the Ambassador Tomic said that It was looking for a better life. primary purpose of marriage. Doctor a wonderful effort on the personal Following up on this. Doctor W. D'Antonio cited the Church's com­ level, but by no means is it the cure V. D'Antonio, Sociology Department, plete reversal of her position on for Latin American ills. He cited two said that the Church must focus usury, the dignity of women, and main advantages of the program, the her attention on the physical and in­ slavery as instances or precedents for firsthand knowledge it gave Ameri­ tellectual needs of man to free man the reversal of the present line of cans of their southern neighbors and to meet his spiritual needs. He teaching on birth control. the good that the Americans were stressed that the Church's mission Dr. Charles Cole, former Ameri­ able to accomplish during their stay was to save men, not souls. Thus he can ambassador to Chile, led off there. Another student asked him felt that the Church should accent the the second panel discussion of the about the advantages or disadvan­ autonomy and equality of the laity day with a detailed examination of tages of laissez-faire versus big gov­ with the focus on the family and the the present situation in Chile, mark­ ernment in bringing about the eco­ voluntary association. He said that ing the unusual progress of the Chris­ nomic revolution. Senor Tomic came the turning away of the masses from tian Democrats in the recent elec­ out in favor of big government as the old Church and the agrarian econ­ tions. He described the peculiar mul­ the most effective means of effecting omy increased the dangers of totali­ tiparty system of Chile and how this the desired changes. He said that big tarianism. The elimination of these had led to the Christian Democrat government can be easily abused, but two undesirable groups has not stified victory at the polls. He claims that then so can the sacraments. the need of the individual to partic- if the Christian Democrats are suc­ cessful in office, the multiparty sys- sem wiU tend towards the one-party system of Mexico. Thus their over­ whelming victory has certain anti­ democratic overtones. The Christian Democrats are a progressive and somewhat left-of-center party and their success could set a trend for the whole of Latin America. Doctor Samuel Shapiro discussed the economic integration of Latin America. He stressed that the small size of the Latin American nations precludes the possibility of national markets for big industry. Even in Europe where the nations have substantially larger populations, the unfeasibility of na­ tional markets has led to the com­ mon market. So far, there has been no comparable development in Latin America. Doctor Shapiro pointed to border disputes and the instability of •p\ ocTOR FREDRICK PIKE_, Dept. of ipate in voluntary associations. In some Latin American governments as ••-^ History, discussed the role the such a situation the Protestsmt the main obstacles to be overcome Church has played and will play churches, in which the minister is at in unifying the South American con­ in meeting this challenge. most the first among equals, pos­ tinent in a working trade alliance. Through a series of unfortunate al­ sess a peculiar appeal for the masses. Shapiro was very well informed: liances with the upper classes and After couching the problem in gen­ but, unfortunately he showed little re­ with a long series of losing causes, eral and unobjectionable terms. Doc­ spect for the patriotic and national­ the Church has, to a great degree, lost tor D'Antonio got down to dealing istic sentiments of the Latin Ameri­ its hold on the people of Latin Amer­ with the problem of family morality cans in the audience. ica. The "vale of tears" concept which and the population problem. Large (Continued on page 32) April 9, 1965 25 There, stuffed with mongoose and wine, the Fighting Irish meet the un­ expected ghost of Jape rising out of the verdant green of the desert. He gives one mighty bleating hoot be­ fore he sinks back into the sands, but it is too little too late. As they say in the movie, "Never send an Arab to do an Armenian's job." Desiderata: Eight Hands To Hold You, the new Beatles film, will be out in August . . . Ship of Fools opens i^f^V".--, nationally in two weeks. . . . Fel- lini's Juliette of the Spints in May . . . the Burton-Taylor Sandpiper and John Huston's Bible appear in July . . . John Sturges' mammoth cine­ by Bob Haller "Wrongway Goldfarb," for instance, is enunciated so often in the first mo­ rama western. The Hallelujah Trail, OHN GoLDFARB, he of whom much ments of the movie (and to no ef­ comes rolling in in June . . . now J has been written and more al­ fect) that when he does land in completed are Tony Richardson's TJie leged — 20th Century-Fox's dubious Fawzia instead of Uzbekistan the Loved One, Serge Bourguignon's TJie champion of free speech, Shirley Mac- moment has all the comic effect of a Reward, Von Ryan's Express, and Laine's honor, and satire reductio ad cancerously swollen eggplant. The War Lord . . . out this summer dbsurdum — reeled into South Bend Also atrociously weak is the Faw- wUl be Bernhard Wicki's Morituri last week on the fool's day of April zian football team that more closely with Marlon Brando, Yul Brynner, only to reveal himself as a lamb resembles the Three Stooges than the Trevor Howard, and Wally Cox. In chop in peek-a-boo clothing. Much idiot's delight intended by Director South Bend Dr. Strangelove and incoherent blubbering, ineptly chched Thompson. His slapstick here slides Becket begin at the Granada, John humor, and a pathetically plotted into the oblivion of the cliche. Gra­ Goldfarb, Please Come Home remains story make John a dull boy all the tuitously destroyed is the pigskin lug­ at the State, Marriage Italian Style way up to but not including (by a gage joke — broken up into so many and Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow fluke) the climax. pieces that it is fatally attenuated stays at the Avon and Hush, Hush, Sweet CJiarlotte continues at the Col­ If the picture ever had a chance it beyond its natursd limits. Even when fax. Cinema '65 screens Akira Kuro­ was thrown away when Peter Us­ Thompson is original, as with the toy sawa's Japanese western Yojimbo in tinov, one of the most accomplished trains, he duly repeats the same the Engineering Auditorium (8:30 pettifogging lechers of our time, was idea over and over like a fish spawn­ Friday and Saturday evenings, 2:00 given a set of lines that constantly ing scrambled eggs. and 8:00 on Sunday) and Kurosawa's return to one basic theme — "glug- In these various ways JGPCH modern detective thriller High and gulg smatsferbasil foo-foo sum sum." manages to hold its fire, to smother Low in Washington Hall (Saturday Even more crippling is the incompe­ what possibly might have been a at 3:00, 6:50, and 9:15) ... and tent writing that repeatedly gives good comedy. Whirling and intercut­ Pauline Kael's caustic new book, / away the film's central ironies. Direc­ ting in epileptic spasms, the film's Lost It At The Movies, is now in tor J. Lee Thompson irritatingly ac­ editor sought to bring chaos out of print at the astronomical but worth­ centuates this latter tendency with order; it doesn't really work though, while price of $6.00. an embarrassingly witless persistence. imtil the climactic football game. Degrees of Joy

by Daniel Morper

"/ believe tliat with love cati one open the hearts of human beings^ bring tliem to unity and peace. With age tliis tJwught has appeared to me with even more clarity. Art 1MS for its basis the continual love for life. . . . Nothing useful can be given to the soul of Art if it contains the least drop of pride or which is lacking in feeling toward others." —CHAGALL

CLOWLY and emphatically Marc ^ Chagall spoke last Monday after­ noon in the Library Auditorium to an overflow audience which had as­ sembled to see the beloved 78-year-old French artist receive an honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from the University. To Chagall's right, as he addressed the audience in his native French, hung one of his largest and most important paintings, "Le Grande Cirque," painted in 1956. This richly colored, gay and vibrant circus scene, an excellent example of ChagaU's art when he left for Paris in 1910, aU in the glass. And then the light. latest tj^e of work, will be on exhibi­ carrying with him those dreams and And when things are made by the tion for the remainder of the month images of his Russian childhood that soul. ..." In the past seven years he in the Art Gallery. It is on loan from reappear time and again in his un­ has also illustrated books by himself the Stern collection, Basel, Switzer­ affected and uninhibited work. For and others, has successfully com­ land. Dr. and Mrs. Gustav Stern of Chagall, art is what man produces pleted a new ceiling for the old Paris New York, friends of the artist, and naturally as the nightingale makes Opera and is designing sets for the Dr. Maurice Pollard, Head of Lobund his song, and appeals to the soul upcoming Metropolitan Opera produc­ Laboratory, were responsible for rather than through "theories to the tion of "The Magic Flute." He has bringing Mr. Chagall and his canvas brain." His whole approach is very donated much of his later work, in­ to our campus. unacademic, uninteUectual; his rule cluding some of the stained glass, to He is a short, lively man, with a is instinct, and he has worked aU his the people of France. red face, bright blue eyes and thick life to come to a purer expression of When asked by a student what was unruly white hair. Chagall, un­ his inner feelings. the role of the artist of the twentieth abashedly pleased during the whole Unlike many of his contemporaries, century, Chagall answered by noting award ceremony, listened attentively Chagall grows to new heights of cre­ the conflict of modem science and as Fr. Hesburgh spoke in English of ative vigor the older he gets. He the human heart. Science, he said Mr. Chagall to the audience, and was works much more intensely than most works on the presupposition that the elated when Fr. Hesburgh addressed of his fellow artists and with greater horizons for growth and progress are a few words directly to him in freedom and simplicity. Recently he limitless while the human heart works French. He blushed as he was ad­ has fallen in love with stained glass, slowly, changing little in thousands dressed as "Doctor" by Fr. Hesburgh, a difficult medium, especially for a of years. It is the work of the artist and waved to the vigorously applaud­ seventy-year-old man. Of all the to speak to the heart and fill it with ing crowd as he left. Chagall con­ French artists who have tried stained the joy and beauty which the man of stantly sported a kind of elated grin glass — Matisse, Braque, Leger, Rou- simplicity and insight experiences. which mirrors the joyful, imaginative laut, et al. — only Chagall seems to There is no doubt that Marc Cha­ art which is inimitably his. have the feel for the medium. "Here," gall has found to a greater extent He was born in Russia in 1887 and he says, "you have all the natural ele­ than most that simplicity and human was "born again" into the world of ments: fire, air, water, earth — it's joy to which he so glowingly points. April 9, 1965 27 walks in 24 innings indicate. How­ ever, in five innings of play this year he has only walked one man, given up one hit, has struck out 10, and has yet to yield a run. With Ron Reed, Ray Zolnowski, Bob Bentley. and Kevin Hardy also available the Irish possess a better than average Pitching! Hitting? pitching staff. The Irish are also set at catcher with both Dick Sauget (3 HR, .241 avg.) and Chuck Snow (2 HR, .232 avg.) returning. They will probably split the catching, with Sauget also playing the outfield at times. Sopho­ more Ken Plesha has also impressed Kline, and may break into the lineup. Kline has two returning starters and two sophomores in the infield. Al Kristowski will handle second base again this season. The South Bend junior hit at a .274 clip last season and tied for the team lead in runs scored with 31. Tom Blythe, a junior, is back at third base. Last year Blythe hit only .243, but he knocked in 24 runs which tied him for second on the team. Pat Topolski, a sopho­ more first baseman, has done extreme­ ly well so far this spring. During the first four games, Topolski hit .437. Tom Tencza, a switch-hitting sophomore, will play shortstop. Kline has been experimenting in the outfield this season with varied success. Tom Szajko, a junior who hit only .148 last year, opened the season with five hits in his first seven at-bats. Ron Reed and Mark Gonring, a junior who hit .182 last season, have also been used. John Musto, a junior who hit .357 while seeing limited action last year, and powerful sopho­ more Kevin Hardy have gotten off to slow starts. The outfield, last year's strong point, is this year's biggest question mark. GLANCE AT THE ROSTER of the a winning team. Senior Ed Lupton A 1965 Notre Dame baseball team wiU probably be the mainstay of the But Coach Kline has faced prob­ would fail to impress many people, staff. After a fine sophomore year, lems before. This is his 32nd year as particularly those familiar with the Lupton was sidelined by a back ail­ head coach, and during those years hard-hitting squad of 1964. Last ment last season. However during the he has won 384 games, taken the year's three big hitters, Rick Gonski, games over spring vacation, Lupton Irish to the post-season play-offs seven Shaim Fitzmaurice, and John Coun- proved to be in excellent health. He times in the' fifteen years of their seU, whose combined statistics in­ was the winning pitcher in Notre existence, finished fourth in the Col­ clude 15 doubles, 12 triples, 18 hom­ Dame's 6-5 win over Memphis State lege World Series in 1957, and pro­ ers, 67 RBI's, and a .332 batting av­ and also in the 5-2 triumph of Arkan­ duced several major league players. erage, have gone on to professional sas State, giving up just two runs Coach Kline has actually been con­ contracts. That kind of power is hard and three hits in ten innings. The nected with Notre Dame baseball to replace, and no one expects the two workhorses of last year's staff since 1915, when he lettered at third Irish to do so immediately. Never­ also return. They are seniors Larry base as a sophomore. All this expe­ theless the chances of repeating last Kennedy (4-3, 2.91 ERA) and Frank rience will be useful this year because year's 16-12-1 record are quite good. Karazim (4-4, 3.20 ERA). Together he must take a team which is com­ Clarence Kline, the veteran coach with returning letterman Kevin posed primarily of inexperienced of the Irish, has a pitching stcifE with O'NeiU (3-1, 3.53 ERA), they are sophomores and juniors and develop perhaps as much depth as that of a formidable right-handed pitching it into a well-balanced team which last year's hitting attack. The five attack. A pleasant surprise during will provide the runs and defense to pitchers who were responsible for 14 the opening games was the pitching go along with its strong pitching. If of Notre Dame's 16 wins are back, of Dan McGinn (see cut). McGinn, a the hitting improves and the pitching and early indications are that they lefty as is Lupton, had serious con­ continues, a successful season is in are going to provide the nucleus for trol problems last season as his 35 the offing. _ STEVE ANDERSON

28 The Scholastic State 5-2 and salvaged a split for the Brian Murphy tallied tries for the SCOREBOARD road trip. Last Friday ciftemoon the Irish. Irish took advantage of a six-run Against an inexperienced Windsor first inning to defeat Indiana 6-5. team, the Irish completely dominated MID-SEMESTER Saturday, Notre Dame split a double- the game. Scorers for Notre Dame header with Indiana, losing the first included Phil Grannan, Dick Bell, Ben SUMMARY game 9-8, and coming back to win Beall, Harry Steele, Nat Davis, and the second 8-2. Notre Dame's season Skip Speth. Bell and Speth each record now stands at 4 wins and 3 scored twice while Jamie Toohey was WRESTLING: Dick Arrington, jun­ losses. individual high scorer for the day, ior from Erie, Pa., and captain of the kicking a field goal and four of eight Notre Dame wrestling team, was prob­ SCHEDULE: conversions for 11 points. ably the most outstanding performer BASEBALL for the Irish during the recently SCHEDULE: finished indoor athletic season. Ar­ Apr. 9, Toledo at Notre Dame RUGBY rington won 20 out of 21 indi­ vidual matches, 17 by pins, and fin­ Apr. 10, Toledo at Notre Dame Apr. 10, Commonwealth Cup Tour­ ished third in the heavyweight divi­ Apr. 13, Northwestern at ND nament at Charlottesville, Va. sion of the NCAA tournament held at the University of Wyoming, Lara­ Apr. 14, Purdue at Lafayette Apr. 17, St. Louis Tournament at mie, Wyoming. Arrington was also St. Louis Apr. 17, Ohio U. at Athens the winner of the Wheaton Invitation­ Apr. 24-25, Notre Dame Invitation­ al Tournament and the Four I Tour­ Apr. 19, Wisconsin at ND al Tournament ney. For the season the matmen had a record of 3 wins, 6 losses, and 1 Apr. 20, Wisconsin at ND tie. Apr. 24, Detroit at Notre Dame Apr. 29, Michigan at Notre Dame TRACK: Notre Dame won two SCHEDULES: important meets, the ND Triangu­ lar and The Central Collegiate Con­ LACROSSE: The Irish stickmen TENNIS ference meets. There were many won two of three games over the outstanding performances by Irish spring break, defeating Dickinson Col­ Apr. 10, Cincinnati and Ohio State stars during the season. The most lege, 8-7 and Georgetown, 4-3. Frank­ at Columbus notable of these was Bill Clark's rec­ lin-Marshall stopped the Irish in the Apr. 19, Cherry Blossom Tourna­ ord-breaking victory in the two-mile third encounter, 12-8. ment at Washington, D.C. at the IC4A meet in the time of 8:52.7. At the NCAA Championships, Clark SCHEDULE: Apr. 23, Iowa and Air Force Acad­ placed second in the two-mile and Ed emy at Notre Dame LACROSSE Dean placed fourth in the mile. Apr. 27, Northwestern at Notre Notre Dame won the distance med­ Apr, 9-10, Notre Dame Invitational Dame Tournament ley relay and the four-mile relay last Apr. 29, Michigan State at East Saturday at the Kentucky Relays at Apr. 17, Kenyon College at ND Lansing Lexington. The Irish distance medley team won in a record time of 9:51.6 Apr. 24, Defiance CoUege at Defi­ ance, Ohio while the winning four-mile squad GOLF posted a 17:09 time. Mike Coffey of Notre Dame placed second in the two- Apr. 24, Southern HUnois, Bowling FENCING: In fencing, Foilman mile run, and the Irish two-mile relay Green, Dayton, and Aquinas at Bill Ferrence was accorded All-Amer­ team finished fourth. ND ica honors for the second straight year as he tied for fifth in the NCAA SCHEDULE: tournament in Detroit. Mike Dwyer CREW TRACK finished 10th in the sabre division in the Tournament as the Notre Dame Apr. 16-18, Penn A.C.R.A. at Phil­ Apr. 10, Ohio Relays at Athens team finished 13th overall. As a team, adelphia Apr. 17, Ohio State Relays at Co­ the fencers had the best record during lumbus the indoor season with 15 victories and only two defeats. Apr. 23, Drake Relays at Des SAILING Moines Apr. 10-11, Mid-Atlantic Spring RUGBY: The Irish Ruggers won Intersectional at Annapolis their sixteenth and seventeenth games BASEBALL: With a 6-5 win over in a row with victories over Indiana Apr. 17-18, Ohio State Intersec­ Memphis State before losing 6-1 and (10-0) and Windsor (35-0). Winger tional at Columbus 4-3 to the Tigers, the Irish baseball Ted Valenti and Captain Mike Murphy Apr. 25-26, Midwest Dinghy Cham­ team opened the 1965 season. The tallied scores against the Hoosiers. pionship Eliminations at Law­ spring road trip was marred by the The Irish "B" squad also won in rence weather which forced a pair of rain- Bloomington, defeating the Indiana outs, but the Irish beat Arkansas seconds, 13-3. Kip Hargrave and — PAUL NOWAK April 9, 1965 29 CHARACTERISTIC OF MOST SPORTS winter trying to conquer these prob­ year. A at Notre Dame, particularly the lems. From October 1 to Thanksgiving This year's team, virtually intact less organized club sports, is that they trudged through the snow drifts, from a year ago, is headed by Cap­ what they lack in coaching, facilities, learning plays and scrimmaging. tain Jim Salscheider, a senior who and refinements, they make up in de­ Under the direction of Jay Smith, a led the team in scoring last year with sire, conditioning, and sheer ruthless- player imtil his knees failed him, the 17 goals. He is accompanied by a col­ ness. Until this year the Lacrosse team returned to the practice field in orful band of ruflSans, nicknamed Club was no exception, but a notice­ February to prepare for their spring according to distinctive physical traits able change has occurred in their trip eastward. or peculiarities on the playing field. stj'le of play since Jack Tate started The &ish opened the season with Cliff Lennon, the "Stork," has utilized the dub in the spring of 1963. Now, Dickinson College, March 22, and his long reach to score 9 goals in instead of running over their oppon­ soon found themselves down 7-3 late 3 games from his attack position. ents with reckless abandon, which re­ in the second half. However, they Pete Sillari, another attack man, has sulted in an alarmingly long casual­ regrouped their forces and upset the scampered underneath and around ty list last year, they pass over them host team 8-7. Two days later enough defenders to earn him the with intermittent displays of finesse, Franklin-Marshall made fewer early- nickname "Mouse." The "Rookie," much to the relief of their battle- season mistakes and stopped Notre Duncan Macintosh, a mere freshman, scarred opponents. Dame 12-8. The team closed their leads midfielders in scoring with 5 Ideally, a weU-played lacrosse game trip to the lacrosse capital of the goals and 3 assists. To preserve their should involve little or no contact. country, Washington, D.C., by beating image of a year ago. Jack Tate is One team should be passing the ball Georgetown in a low-scoring contest, affectionately called the "Boomer." so quickly and accurately that their 4-3. Today the Irish host three Mid­ An opponent rarely remains on his opponent is unable to break up their west powers in the Second Annual feet when the "Boomer" intervenes attack without making an intercep­ N.D. Invitational. Michigan State to break up the attack. Finally there tion. A common game situation, how­ opens the tournament against Ohio is Bill "Abdul" Joseph, a refugee from ever, illustrates why contact is prev­ State at 3:00 and Notre Dame takes Lebanon, who has found his home alent in collegiate lacrosse; a mid­ on Ohio Wesleyan at 8:00 on Cartier guarding the 36 square feet in front fielder while running must pass to a Field. Tomorrow the consolation game of the goal. In fact, he was an All- moxang teammate 40 yards away with begins at 1:00 and the first-round win­ Midwest goalie last year. a baseball-sized sphere, which travels ners meet at 3:30. Last season's 5-6 record was a re­ up to 50 miles per hour. The abUity Rival coaches are amazed at the sult of having more players standing to manipulate a lacrosse stick in this raw potential and actual game per­ when the game ended. This year, al­ way is ob\aously not acquired in a formances of a team in only its sec­ though they hope to maintain control year. And further, once these skills ond year and still without an ofii- over the balance of walking man­ are developed indi\idually, the task cial coach. One prominent Midwest­ power, they have developed enough of grooming ten players into an effec­ ern coach of a perennial lacrosse stickhandling ability and finesse to tive team still remains. power was so impressed that when upset any Midwestern lacrosse team Notre Dame has spent the greater he resigns this year he will seek a on a given day. part of South Bend's nine-month similar position at Notre Dame next — MIKE BRADLEY 30 The Scholastic Voice in the Crowd OTRANGE NEW sports have appeared in the past few years at Notre •^ Dame. Three years ago, student-run club sports were nonexistent; now, seven athletic organizations have emerged. Although allotted some money through the Club Sports Constitution, members of each w club sport pay dues and their own traveling expenses on trips. And despite the fact that many of the clubs lack professional coaches, each team has enjoyed success in its brief existence. The Rugby Club has been the most successful in terms of student appeal. In three years the team has grown considerably in the quantity of its players and the qualities of its play. In 1962, 25 ruggers came out s to practice; this spring 90 attend daily workouts. Likewise, the first spring the club could muster only three wins in 10 games. Last year the Irish compiled an outstanding 11-2-4 record. Because of its excitement, color, and sheer brutality, rugby has become the third most popular sport at Notre Dame. Some describe N the game as the Battle of the Bulge, others as a bargain day at Gimbel's, and still others as a huge search for a misplaced contact lens. Part of the sport's appeal is seeing a player scoop up a loose ball, head goal- ward, while watching 15 opponents attempt to separate him from both the ball and consciousness with a jarring tackle. Another interesting aspect of the game is the formation of the scrum where some of the most interesting comments on life have been stated. D The Irish ruggers will host a tournament to be held on April 24 and 25 in which eight teams will participate, ranging from the San Francisco Olympic Club to the Cadets from West Point. In the past two seasons Notre Dame has won 17 games without defeat, scoring 252 points to their opponents' 19 during that time. They have been scored upon only once in their last 10 games. SOUND Four other club sports — soccer, lacrosse, sailing, and skiing — have been almost as successful. Hockey and crew are just being initiated into student life. Four years ago, Joe Echelle gathered a group of students interested ONE in playing soccer. From the first 4-2 squad, the club has grown into one of the top-ranked collegiate teams in the Midwest. Last fall the Irish booters finished with a 7-3 record, narrowly missing a bid to the NCAA soccer playoffs. at Somewhat like soccer, lacrosse was founded on nothing more than enthusiasm and a dream. Under the direction of organizer Jack Tate, the team now boasts 130 dues-paying members (most of any sport at Notre Dame). Last spring, in their first year of intercollegiate compe­ tition, the Irish stickmen finished 5-6. The Notre Dame Sailing Club NOTRE similarly finished with a losing record their first year but copped the Midwestern Sailing Championships — one of the top regattas in the country — last spring at Beloit. For the past three years the Irish DAME sailors have qualified for the North American championship tournament. Although Notre Dame does not have on-campus or near-campus ski facilities, the Irish have done remarkably well; a year ago the Irish skiers won the Central Intercollegiate Ski Association Championships, qualifying for the NCAA finals. For the past two years the Irish skiers captured the Midwestern championships and tv/o years ago placed fifth 6 in the NCAA championships. Hockey and Crew are the newest of club sports on campus. Last January the first home ice hockey meet was held at Notre Dame (against the Air Force Academy). The Crew Club, in its first year of organization under the direction of Andy Monaphan, will compete 4 in six races this spring. Because of the tremendous success club sports have had, other clubs are being formed. One is the Gymnastics Club. Another is the Bicycle Club. And in a few years, Notre Dame may have the best jai alai team 0 in the country. — REX LARDNER, JR.

April 9, 1965 31 International Forum IN Tbe beciNNiNQ (Continued from page 25) Father Hesburgh made an unex­ pected appearance to introduce the panel of Saturday evening. Doctor George Harrar of the Rockefeller Foundation described the work which his group is doing in the fields of public health and agriculture. Con­ centrating on spending their money where it will do the most good and on exploiting the leadership capacities of the native Latin Americans, the Rockefeller Foundation has done a great deal to put nations like Mexico in a position where they can success­ fully use their own natural resources. Doctor Harrar emphasized that for­ eign aid is not the answer to the ills 'TTHIS YEAR being the 72nd anniver- Sorin was informed. He promptly of Latin America; rather it puts our ••- sary of the death of Fr. Sorin, arrived on the scene, fielded the land relations with our southern neighbors we thought we might have the neatly, and decided to put it to use on somewhat awkward terms. nucleus of an excuse to launch into someday as a college. Picking up his a summary of the early history of tools, Sorin regrouped his seven as­ Doctor David Chaplin, a sociol­ the University. The following infor­ sistant founders of an excellent Catho­ ogist from the University of Wiscon­ mation is gathered largely from a lic university and set about rehabili­ sin, followed Doctor Harrar by de­ biography printed by the SCHOLASTIC tating the abandoned one-room mis­ scribing some of the social problems following Father's death in 1893. sion. After fast-talking the adjacent caused by industrialization in Latin Edward Sorin was born in AhuiUe, Catholic population into helping erect America. He cited regressive taxation near Laval, France, in 1814 and pro­ a two-story, 40 by 20-foot, hewn tim­ and inflation as two obstacles to im­ ceeded to lead a rather nondescript ber church, Sorin turned his efforts proving the economics of the conti­ childhood and adolescence. When the towards his college. nent. However, he said that the popu­ thought of founding an excellent Cath­ The cornerstone for the first col­ lation problem was the most critical olic University in Indiana first entered lege building, a three-story structure, one that South America would face dur­ his mind is nowhere recorded, but we was laid in the summer of 1843. The ing this phase of urbanization and know that at age 26 he attached him­ first commencement exercises of the industrialization. Outside intervention self to the Congregation of the Holy still meagerly attended college were in the field of public health has con­ Cross, a religious society established held the following year. With its siderably reduced the death rate in at Mans, France, by Reverend Charles sparkling new building completed and all Latin American countries while Moreau for the instruction of youth several years of teaching behind it, there has been no corresponding de­ and the establishment of missions in Sorin's country school was granted a crease in the birth rate. This leaves uncivilized areas of the world. Shortly university charter by the state legis­ the continent with a surplus of un­ after his ordination, Sorin's dynamism lature in 1844. Late in 1844 he or­ trained labor, which undercuts its gave birth to the story that he was an ganized a manual labor school to own market. This has led to gross adventurous, dedicated, and obedient educate his students in agriculture, inefficient use of the land for agri­ worker. The Bishop of Vincennes was carpentry, blacksmithing, etc. As­ culture in rural areas and chronic among those listening. Knowing he sisted by two French priests sent by unemployment in the cities. When had here as ripe a man as could be the Bishop of Vincennes, Sorin as­ the rest of the Western world faced found in his diocese, the bishop ap­ sumed the duties of first president this problem, the phenomenon of ur­ proached Sorin with a plan to round of the University in 1844, a job he banization was a built-in answer to up some recruits and head for New held until his election to the position the problem of the birth rate. A large York to establish,a branch of the new of Provincial in 1865. From this post family is an economic handicap religious society in the United States. he advanced to Superior General of rather than an advantage in the So one August morning in 1841 the Congregation in 1868. urban community. Unfortunately this the die was cast when Sorin, accom­ During his presidency the school has not been the case in South panied by seven CS.C. Brothers, added a chapel, several workshops, America. climbed aboard a ship headed for and in 1866 dedicated a six-story, Doctor Wilhelm of the Ford Foun­ America. Docking in New York a domed structure mounted by a statue dation stressed the importance of month later, Sorin and friends wasted of the Mother of Christ. building up industrial and technical little time on the scenery. Boarding The most serious of Sorin's disap­ leadership within Latin America. De­ one of the next westbound trains, the pointments came in 1879 when he scribing some of the work the Ford Frenchmen were off for the West Coast. watched as this new "Main Building" Foundation has done in Argentina, Meanwhile, somewhere in northern together with nearly all the surrounds he showed how institutions such as Indiana, Rev. Theodore Badin, the ing buildings, was destroyed by fire. universities and research complexes first priest ordained in the U.S., was Unperturbed, Sorin organized the re­ can be used to develop the leader­ about to bail out of an Indian mis­ building drive and by 1893, the old ship capacities of the native Latin sion he had begun in the 1830's. Main Building had been replaced by Americans on an industrial scale. He Badin had purchased his mission the present Administration Building said that the development of such property from the government in with the totcil number of University leadership is the key to the solution 1830, and when he chose to punt, buildings at 15. — JOHN TWOHEY of the problem. 32 The Scholastic 'Campus' only seven, and they cannot see how five-year program. their being pushed off will make that Although the AB-Engineers do not (Continued from page 16J big a difference in the number of have the necessity of working in one cial hardship. They say that they sophomores and juniors who will take building as the architects do, they too have to work in the Architecture their rooms. The undergraduates who feel that they are being discriminated Building and could not do their work are off campus are there because against simply because they are in a in their room. Although some archi­ they could not maintain an on-cam- five-year program. Only about 20 of tects do live off campus, many of pus index and the architects cuid them wish to remain on campus for them sleep in the building. Another engineers cannot see why they, who their fifth year and their arguments consideration is that the number of have maintained on-campus indices, are similar to those of the architects. architects who wish to stay on cam­ should be pushed off against their Fr. CoUins said that great pressure pus for their fifth year is very small, will, simply because they are in a from the parents of freshmen and sophomores who wiU have to live off campus next year necessitated the di­ rective. On the day he was inter­ EUROPE FOR LESS viewed Fr. Collins received three let­ ters and two phone calls from par­ Travel in a group with other U.S. college students. All ents who were protesting the fact expense low cost trips by ship or plane. that their son would have to live away from the campus next year. He AROUND THE WORLD: ADVENTURER: 47 days, BUCCANEER: 62 days, 10 said that this was a normal occur­ 52 days, 10 countries — $2595 10 countries — $1072 countries (inc. Greece)—$1296 rence every day and that a month

HA'P'NY (College Credit): 52 days, VAGABOND: 46 days, 14 countries ago it was far worse. Because of this 15 countries — SH99 (inc. Russia) $1193 pressure, he discussed the problem with Fr. McCarragher, Vice-President Write for free information! in Charge of Student Affairs, and Fr. Hesburgh, and with Fr. Hesburgh's AMERICAN YOUTH ABROAD approval issued the directive. Fr. Col­ lins says that although the numbers 44 University Station • Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414 of the architects and AB-Engineers combined who wiU be affected by the rule is small, it wiU actually mean a great deal to the students permitted Here Is a Man Who Represents The "Blue Chip" Company to stay on campus for one more year. He also said that many sophomore BLUE CHIP because since its founding in 1346 it has architects live off campus and he can­ Connecticut Mutual been directed by men of character and dedication to not see why the fifth-year architects Life Insurance Co. provide the best hfe insurance for the individual policyholder. cannot do the same, even more easily Hartford, Conn. since they are older. He said that he BLUE CHIP because for over a century the Company would think that the older students, has been administered for its policyholders in strict accordance with sound financial principles and many of whom have lived on campus operating practices. for four years, would be willing to move off ccimpus to help a student BLUE CHIP because the Company's record of earnings on investments is one of the highest in the industry. who is several years younger than they. Fr. CoUins said that in any such BLUE CHIP because the Company's unusually high situation somebody gets hurt and the earnings result in high dividends and notable low net cost to the policyholders. thing that he has tried to do is to hurt the least and those who can BLUE CHIP because the Company's efforts are directed better stand it. Despite all the pro­ toward designing policy provisions to provide the tests, it does not look as if any change PHILIP F. SCHUSTER best possible insurance coverage. will be effected this year. Notre Dame BBA '61 BLUE CHIP because the Company is favored by discern­ Wharton School of Finance ing buyers accustomed to managing money and and Commerce MBA '63 comparing values. Chamiels for Violence BLUE CHIP because the Company's agents are dedicated professionals, trained and A Law School symposium on violence equipped to render competent counsel and service to their clients. in the streets in 1964 brought to­ BLUE CHIP because the Company maintains an unusual staff of specialists, com­ gether representatives of the public, petent in all phases of estate conservation, business insurance, pension and private and academic sectors of Amer­ profit-sharing and employee benefit plans. ican life to discuss and analyze one BLUE CHIP because the Company's integrity, high purpose, financial strength, of the most disturbing social prob­ superior record and enlightened business methods hove won it the respect of lems that faces America today. The those most competent to judge including significantly, those in the insurance participants in the sjonposium, held industry itself. Saturday, March 27, and moderated by Prof. Thomas Broden of the Law Representing the School, were Roy WUkins, Executive Director of the NAACP; William E. KEITH SKALLA AGENCY StringfeUow, a New York City lawyer who practiced in Harlem for several Suite 720 • 39 South LaSalie Street • Chicago 3, Illinois years; Arnold Sagalyn, director of law enforcement co-ordination for the (Continued on page 35) April 9, 1965 33 COLLEGIATE JAZZ FESTIVAL

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34 The Scholastic "Campus" (Continued from page 33) United States Treasury Department and U.S. representative to Interpol; Joseph Lohman, Dean of the School of Criminology of the University of California at Berkeley; Howard R. Leary, police commissioner of the city of Philadelphia; AUen D. Grim- shaw, professor of sociology at the University of Indiana; and Dr. Gur- stin Goldin, of the Columbia Univer­ sity School of Physicians and Sur­ geons, Department of Psychiatry. Since it has often been assumed that the riots of last summer were chiefly racial phenomena, Prof. Grim- shaw traced the history of racial vio­ lence in this country, beginning with pre-Civil War slave insurrections. It was noted that since about 1948, the tactics of Negro opposition to dis­ criminatory practices has shifted away from violence and toward both nonviolent direct action and indirect action through legal machinery. Prof. Grimshaw argued that the outbursts of violence that occurred last summer were outside the mainstream of the Negro movement and perhaps rep­ resented a social-class outburst and not a racial explosion. I love a man in Van Heusen ^^417" Mr. Stringfellow concurred, calling the Negro revolution unique in the I'm real keen on his lean swingy history of American social protest in physique and the spare, pared-down its nonviolent nature. He attributed flattery that "V-Taper" fit adds to the violence in Northern cities to spon­ it. Can't get my eyes off the taneous combustion caused by frus­ great way he looks, either in a tration and despair in a system in traditional Button-Down or spiffy which ghettoes can thrive because the Snap-Tab. And in those Van Heusen interests of property holders are spring weaves and colors ... those ascendent over the rights of people. short-cut sleeves, my man's Commissioner Leary discussed the got it made! street riots that occurred in Philadel­ phia last summer. He attributed them to the spark of a minor incident which was used by Negro national­ ists to provoke direct defiance of police authority. The commissioner VAN HEUSEN' called for a new respect for and co­ yOHRCcr by desifn operation with police authority if the public hopes to have further violence V-Taper—for the lean trim look. curbed. Dean Lohman viewed last sum­ mer's violence in terms of a wider problem of social alienation and dis­ placement. He pointed out that prac­ tically every sector of the American population is in the throes of a revo­ DR. M. MITTERMAYER lution of role and function, but that CANOE TRIPS optometrist existing structures of responsibility have proven unable to withstand the Explore the Quetico-Superior Wilder­ strain of the pressures these multiple EYES EXAMINED ness for only $7.00 per person per revolutions are generating. He warned that unless legal channels for the ex­ day. Connplete camping gear, Grunn- GLASSES FITTED pression of grievance are opened and man canoe and food included. For Fast Optical Repair Service made productive of results, then details write: Bill Ronri, Canoe Out­ violent, chaos-engendering means will fitter, Ely, Minnesota. 228 S. Michigan 234-6871 become more and more commonly (Next to Penneys) used to confront the problem of April 9, 1965 35 change. The dean elucidated his re­ marks with examples drawn from the recent violence at Berkeley. Mr. WUkins declined to view the problem as the preceding speakers had, as transcending the racial issue. He attributed much of the violence to the intransigency of Southern au­ thorities, which lower-class Northern Negroes have projected onto aU authority. For the destitute ghetto Negro, the hopeless use of violence seems no more hopeless than patient forbearance. While pointing out that only a small percentage of the Negro populations of the affected areas had an3^ing to do with the rioting last summer, ]\Ir. Wilkins described the pathetic conditions of life in a slum ghetto and suggested that perhaps some things are worse than violence. Another phase of the violence prob­ lem which ]VIr. Wilkins mentioned was the use of officially sanctioned violence, especiaUj'^ in the South. America, the South especially, has a tradition which, if not glorifying violence, at least tolerates it. He cited the irresponsible use of violence by officials whom the Negroes are taxed to support but not permitted to con­ trol by the vote, calling it a problem deserving emergencj^ status and one which must be solved if violence on the streets is to be curbed. Dr. Goldin considered the problem of violence in terms of the psychologi­ cal conditions of our social milieu. He saw the expansion of mechaniza­ tion and the decline of physical labor as the evaporation of what had once "Come Share My Life" is not a casual been a prime outlet for the type of invitation, for anyone who has heard COMEI psychic energy which now finds its Glenn sing knows that his performances outlet in seemingly senseless violence. are an accurate reflection of the man He attributed the contemporary dis­ he is, the life he lives and the music YARBROUiSH integration of any standard moral he loves. The 12 songs he has selected order with giving the individual in for this new Dynagroove album have special meaning for him. They will for | our society a sense of alienation from you too, once you've heard "Love Come j the social structure. In both of these A-Tricklin' Down," "No One to Talk My phenomena he recognized a depriva­ Troubles To," "When Summer Ends" tion of the psyche of important means and "The Warm and Gentle Girls." of subHmation and internalization of You'll enjoy e^e^minuteo^thi^music conflicts, which in turn leads, espe­ that mir­ rors a man. RCA VICTOR ii> cially in lower-class individuals, to @IThenxn t trusted name msound .'i^ outward disruptive expression of the conflicts: violence. The last spealcer. Mr. Sagalyn, in­ dicated that violence cannot be es­ caped but must rather be channeled Contact Lens SpeciaUst and controlled. He contended that EARN $200 man, by nature, contains an essential element of violence. He isolated the Dr. T. R. Pnet Agent wanted to solicit orders for crucial problem in the control of and unique nev/ low-priced Champagne protection of society from the aggres­ Optometrist Tone Orchid Corsage for May 9 de­ sive and destructive types of violence, livery. No investment required. Free which is primarilj- a police problem. sales kit. Free samples. Proven method EYES EXAMINED used at Notre Dame for past 5 years. But he emphasized that a policeman OPTICAL REPAraS is really little more than a profes­ GLASSES FITTED Free delivery to recipient mother. sional citizen: a man trained and Write immediately to FLOWER GIFT SERVICE. 34 West 10th St.. N.Y.C paid to do efficiently what every cit­ 212 S. Michigan 234-4874 izen should consider his duty. If the II. N.y. 36 The Scholastic problem of violence is to be met, it 'Censorship' Catholic colleges hope to prevent must be met by all of the citizens stagnation, if they hope to maintain in co-operation with the police. He (Continued from page 23) stature in the world of education, if also brought up the use of violence student editor realizes that the col­ they hope to be taken seriously and as an organizational tool by profes­ lege owns its school paper, but he has escape ridicule, then these colleges sional crime. He pointed out that difficulty accepting the idea that his must encourage sensible standards of this problem is neither new nor pe­ staff works solely for the adminis­ academic freedom. A good start could culiarly American, but that it must tration. be made by calling off the war on be faced. He concluded by saying If Catholic colleges are going to student publications and learning to that the question of violence is not have student publications at aU, they work with their editors. The type of one of improving the technical means must realize that these publications dispute that hit Xavier University of dealing with it but rather one of play an educational role and exist and Loyola of Chicago would then common sense in preventing it. for the good of the students. If not be inevitable.

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April 9, 1965 yj On Campus ^r///^^ {By the author of "Rally Round the Flag, Boys!", "Dohie Gillis," etc.) V'-/;^/^/// IS EUROPE? A V O N D College life is such a bus\' one, what with —^for whether you remove your whiskers learning the ]Ma.\i.\e, attenduig public ex­ regularly or injectorly, there is a Personna ecutions, and walking our cheetalis, that blade for you—a Personna Stainless Steel perforce we find ourselves sometimes neg- Blade wliich ^^•ill give you more luxury lectuig our studies. Therefore tliis column, shaves than Beep-Beep or aiij' other brand normalty a veliicle for imiocent tomfool- j'ou might name. If by chance you don't erj-, Tsill occasionally forego levitj' to offer agiee, the makers of Personna will gladly a quick survey course in one of the learned buj'' j'ou a pack of any brand you think is disciplines. Todaj% for an opener, we will better. discuss Modern European Historj-. Yes, friends, we may all be giateful to Strictly defined. Modern European His­ Johann Gutenberg for inventingthe means tory' covers the histoiy of Europe from to spread tliis gieat news about Pei'sonna. Januarj' 1,1964, to the present. However, The next time j'ou're in Frankfurt-am- in order to provide emplojTuent for more Main, wlij"^ don't you drop in and say teachers, the course has been moved back thanks to Mr. Gutenberg? He is elderly— to the Age of Pericles, or the Renaissance, 408 years last birthday—but still quite as it is better kno\\Ti as. active in liis laboratoiy. Only last week he The single most important fact to re­ invented the German shoi-t-haired pointer. member about Modern European History But I digi-ess. Returning to Modern is the emergence of Prussia. As we all know, European History, let us now examine Prussia was originally called Russia. The that ever-))opular favorite, France. "P" was purchased from Persia in 187-1 France, as we all know, is divided into for S24 and Manliattan Is­ land. This later became known as Guy Fawkes Day. M4*i*2 Persia without a "P" was of coiu^e called Ersia. Tliis so embarrassed the natives that they changed the name of the country to Iran. Tliis led to a rash of name chang­ mMONACO ing. Mesopotamia became Iraq, Schles\sig-HoIstein be­ came Saxe-Coburg, Bosnia- Herzego\'ina became Cleve­ land. There was even talk about dialling the name of stable old England, but it AT THESE FINE STORES was forgotten when the little Only last week he invented the German short-haired pointer. INDIANA princes escaped from the Auburn, Carbaugh Jewelers Tower and invented James Watt. Tliis several Departments. There is the Police Co/umbus, Del Wininger Jewelers later became known as the Alissouri Com­ Department, the Fire Department, the Crawlordsvilte, D. W. Williams, Jeweler promise. Evansville, Utterback Jlrs. — 2 Stores Gas and Water Department, and the Bu­ Fori Wayne, Baber's Jewelry Store Meanwhile Johann Gutenberg was reau of Weights and Measures. There is Garrett, Chas. Orf & Co. quietly inventing the printing press, for also jMadame Pompadour, but that is a Goshen, Robert's Jewelers which we may all be grateful, beUeve you diity story and is taught only to gi'aduate Greencosf/e, Mason Jewelers me. Why grateful? I'll tell you wlij"^: Be­ students. Hammond, Armstrong's Jewelers cause without Gutenberg's invention you Finally we take up Italy—^the newest Hobarf, Jewel Shop would not have this magazine to read and European nation. Itah'^ did not become a Lafayette, Harry Gaunt Orange Blossom Jlrs. you might never learnthat Personna Stain­ unified state until 1848 when Garibaldi, Madison, Oscar C. Bear & Son less Steel Razor Blades are now available Cavour, and Victor Emmanuel threw tlirce Marion, Meyer's Jewelers in two varieties—^the regular double-edge coins in the Ti-evi Fountain. Tliis lovclj' Michigan City, Blackmond's Jewelers blade we have all come to know and love, gesture so enchanted all of Europe that Mishawolca, Wills Jewelry Store and the new Persomia Injector Blade. Munci'e, Harry Gaunt Jewelers Metternich traded Parma to Talleyrand Shelbyville, Sanders Jewelry Store Users of injector razors have giown mo­ for Mad Ludwig of Bavaria. Then every­ South Bend, Jacobs Jewelers rose in recent years, even sullen, and who body waltzed till dtxwn and then, tired but South Bend, Von Home & Co. can blame them? How would you feel if happy, they started the Tliirty Years Valparaiso, Martin Binder you were denied the speed and comfort War. Tliis later became laiown as Pitt WISCONSIN and durability and trath and beauts'^ of the Younger. Cedorburg, Armbruster's Jlrs. Personna Stainless Steel shaAing? Not Space does not pemiit me to tell you Mi/wau

April 9, 1965 39 "Revolution" area in which the original marchers if the nirns had not been there they congregated was stretched a solid line aU would have been tear-gassed and (Continued from page 20) of city police. Encircling these depu­ clubbed long ago. He told of a meet­ ties was a ring of state troopers. ing in Selma several weeks prior Muller of ND are given Twre as Everyone had been warned never to which Dr. King had attended. Then recorded hy Vince Bechinan. trust any policeman, and the police the sheriff had stood outside the door themselves were taking no chances. of the church and threatened to shoot On the same day that Notre Dame One Negro girl li\ang in the enclosed anyone leaving the church singing. students were stresiming out for spring area was biUy-clubbed because it was The sisters said that the organiza­ vacation, Sisters Michael and Mary feared that demonstrators were sneak­ tion of the march was remarkably Catherine were embcirking upon a ing off to the courthouse in small well handled. On the plane they had journey of a much different nature. groups. As the marchers formed in received a mimeographed sheet asking These two students of St. Mary's lines of five abreast on the first day, for, among other things, names of graduate school of theology flew down a policeman photographed every other closest relatives. When they arrived to Selma, Alabama, at the height of line, to intimidate any local towns­ in Selma they were told not to go the racial tensions there. Having pre­ people who might have had the cour­ into the downtown area or into any viously taught in Mississippi, the two age to join the march. Events such white restaurants, and were instructed nuns experienced little diflSculty in as this make it clear why white South­ never to travel anywhere alone. They getting permission from their superior ern sympathizers find it impossible to were told what to do if they were to make the journey. participate. tear-gassed, attacked with biUy clubs, After arriving in Selma they quick­ Sisters Michael and Mary Catherine or cU"rested. Anyone who had not ly realized "the difference between a held some interesting conversations been briefed was not allowed to police-protected state and a police with the assistant pastor of the church march. The nuns running the hospital state." mmmAround a two-block-square in the area. He said he felt sure that where the two sisters slept could not m PAPERBACKS Alfl) PAPERBACKS (AND MDftE C0Mm6 eVERV DAY)

NOTRE DAME BOOKSTORE

40 The Scholastic participate because of the reprisals where the nuns had left off. Pre-med hecklers and was asked to fight only that would certainly follow. As it senior Jim Muller journeyed to Ala­ once. However, the cold stares of the was, the sheriff just recently opened bama with a church group from In- majority of the whites, the silence of an investigation of the hospital, claim­ dianapoUs to take part in the last leg the guardsmen, and the hostility of ing that one marcher had been de­ of the Selma-Montgomery march. A Al Lingo's state troopers emphasized liberately allowed to die so that they few hours after arrival, he found him­ Alabama's resentment of the march." could have a martyr. self among a group of marchers "five Muller gave the participants' justi­ On Sunday, Sister Michael and Sis­ abreast, elbows locked, with men on fication for demonstrations such as ter Mary Catherine had to drive from the outside. The column first made those in Selma, and for Northern in­ Selma to Montgomery to catch their its way through a Negro slum. volvement with the "mote in their plane. They were told not to stop "The reaction from Negro onlook­ neighbor's eye." His argument is that for directions, not to get gas, and ers was moving. Withered old men, denial of voting rights is both a seri­ above all not to break any of the drilled in the doctrine of inequality, ous wrong cmd one of national sig­ traffic laws. Their drive was unevent­ stared in disbelief; a silver-haired nificance, calling for the two-pronged ful, however, and they flew back to Negro woman, her eyes fiUed with assault on its existence. The involve­ Notre Dame safely. They carry the tears, cried to every group that went ment of the nation — and of Notre memory of one Negro's comment in past: 'You-all got your eyes wide Dame — is then seen as part of an Selma: "We will never be afraid again open'; and young Negro children, overall movement, working toward because you sisters are with us; we waving American fiags, carried cokes the goal that Negroes everywhere — feel proud that you have come to help to some of the marchers. in Alabama and our own home-town us." "In the white section the response Selmas — be treated not as creatures On the following Thursday another was not as bad as I had anticipated. less than human but rather as free member of our community took up I noticed only five small groups of and equal fellow beings.

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