Mumbai's Coastal Road : Social & Environmental Impacts SHWETA WAGH & HUSSAIN INDOREWALA | KRVIA | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES PRESENTATION MADE AT THE INDEPENDENT PEOPLE'S TRIBUNAL ON THE COASTAL ROAD – 9TH OCTOBER 2015 The Coastal Road is a 34-kilometre highway planned along the Western Coast of . This presentation attempts to understand Social and Environmental impacts of the proposed road on the city of Mumbai through a GIS overlay of the proposed alignment of the road with existing satellite images.

Mumbai's Coastline is not Uniform and consists of various natural features such as rocky headlands, sandy bays and estuaries which support diverse ecological habitats.

The following slides explain the alignment of the Coastal Road Project and local impacts of in different parts of the city.

Geological map of Mumbai – Source: 1967 development Plan

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 , Chowpatty bay and

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Nariman point to Priyadarshini Park. through an underwater tunnel which cuts across the Chowpatty bay, passes below Malabar Hill and emerges at the northern end of Priyadarshini Park

The road then forms a reclaimed edge along the waterfront along Napean Sea Road

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Nariman point to Priyadarshini Park.

...through an underwater tunnel which cuts across the Chowpatty bay which passes below Malabar Hill and emerges at the northern end of Priyadarshini Park

The road then forms a reclaimed edge along the waterfront along Napean Sea Road

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

The tunnel passes below Malabar Hill and emerges at the northern end of Priyadarshini Park

The road then forms a reclaimed edge along the waterfront along Napean Sea Road

Breach Candy, Mahalaxmi and Haji Ali

Dy

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Reclamation of rocky beaches along the Waterfront at Napean Sea road and Breach Candy

Stilt Road in Haji Ali Bay

Connectors to the Coastal road from Breach Candy will cause severe traffic congestion in the area.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Reclamation along the Waterfront at Napean Sea road and Breach Candy

Stilt Road in Haji Ali Bay

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Breach Candy and Mahalaxmi

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road alignment:

A 3.5m high seawall and eight lane highway around Mahalaxmi temple

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road alignment:

A 3.5m high seawall and eight lane highway around Mahalaxmi temple

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road alignment:

A 3.5m high seawall and eight lane highway around Mahalaxmi temple will cut off the historic site from the sea.

Haji Ali

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment-

Road on stilts and a network of connector roads in the Haji Ali Bay will block the view of and obstruct the existing pedestrian route to the Dargah.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment-

Road on stilts and a network of connector roads in the Haji Ali Bay will block the view of Haji Ali Dargah and obstruct the existing pedestrian route to the Dargah. :

Worli

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment-

Reclamation along the waterfront at Worli

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment-

Reclamation along the waterfront at Worli

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Worli seaface

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment-

Connection with the Bandra Worli Sea Link

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Bandra Reclamation and Bandstand

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Reclamation around Bandra fort and along Bandstand.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Reclamation around Bandra fort and along Bandstand.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Reclamation around Bandra fort.

Bandra Fort is an important local landmark, an archaeologically significant site and protected monument.

Coastal road alignment:

Proposed reclamation around Bandra fort- an important local landmark with unhindered views of the sea.

The 3.5 m high seawall will cut of this historic landmark from the sea.

Once the coastal road is constructed this view will be replaced by a view of the freeway.

Proposed reclamation and concretization of rocky beaches around Bandra fort and Bandstand waterfront

New open spaces created by reclaiming land from the sea will be inland and cut off from the sea by a 3.5m high eight lane highway.

The promenade on the seaward side will be inaccessible and not integrated with residential neighbourhoods.

Concretized beaches and waterfronts will replace natural beaches which are vibrant public spaces

Carter Road: Bandra Otters Club to Khar Danda fishing village

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

On Stilts adjacent to Carter Road.

Reclamation, cut and cover and excavation for ramp leading to undersea tunnel in front of Khar Danda Fishing village.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

On Stilts adjacent to Carter Road.

Reclamation, cut and cover and excavation for ramp leading to undersea tunnel in front of Khar Danda Fishing village.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

On Stilts in the sea adjacent to Carter Road.

Two proposed connectors from Carter Road: One through an area designated for primary activities and another through a patch of mangroves. This will result in perpetual traffic congestion on Carter road and in the rest of Bandra

Reclamation, cut and cover and excavation for ramp leading to undersea tunnel in front of Khar Danda Fishing village will cut off existing fish drying areas and coastal commons from the sea.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015

Juhu Beach and Moragaon fishing Village

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Cut and cover and excavation for ramp leading to undersea tunnel in front of Juhu Moragaon fishing village towards the Northern end of Juhu Beach.

Ramp portion over the mouth of Juhu Nala(estuary)

Road on stilts and connectors over mangroves in Versova.

Road on Stilts over Nana-nani park in Versova.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Cut and cover and excavation for ramp leading to undersea tunnel in front of Juhu Moragaon fishing village towards the Northern end of Juhu Beach.

Ramp portion over the mouth of Juhu Nala(estuary)

Road on stilts and connectors over mangroves in Versova.

Road on Stilts over Nana-nani park in Versova.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Across Juhu Beach in front of Moragaon fishing village, over an area reserved for primary activities, and further north cutting through mangroves in the estuary.

Obstruction of the view from the beach.

Will disrupt fishing related activities and coastal commons.

Destruction of mangroves in the estuary.

Reclamation in the southern part of the city will lead to erosion of Beaches such as Juhu.

Versova fishing village, Malad creek and Mud Island

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Through the mangrove creek in Versova, the road bifurcates into two branches, just south of Versova lagoons One branch goes further North towards Malad and Kandivali through the mangroves in Malad Creek. The second branch crosses the Malad creek, just north of Versova fishing village and ends at the Madh Jetty

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal road alignment:

Through the mangrove creek in Versova, the road bifurcates into two branches, just south of Versova lagoons One branch goes further North towards Malad and Kandivali through the mangroves in Malad Creek. The second branch crosses the Malad creek, just north of Versova fishing village and ends at the Madh Jetty

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

The road from Madh Jetty to Marvey is proposed to be widened to 27mts and though it is not being referred to as the coastal road, all the traffic from the coastal road will directly feed into it.

Many roads in the Madh island area are proposed to be widened and new roads have also been proposed. Areas demarcated as No Development Zones in the Madh, Erangal Marve region proposed to be opened up for development with an increased FSI in the draft DP 2014-2034

Speculative real estate development likely as a result of the Coastal road threatening natural areas, urban villages and the commons.

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 ,

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Partly a surface road and partly a road on stilts through mangroves in Malad Creek and CRZ I areas adjoining Versova, Lokhandwala complex and Oshiwara

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Partly a surface road and partly a road on stilts through mangroves in Malad Creek and CRZ I areas adjoining Versova, Lokhandwala complex and Oshiwara

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Andheri, Oshiwara Lokhandwala

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Andheri, Lokhandwala complex

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Andheri, Lokhandwala complex

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Mindspace, Malad Creek

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Land filled road in the middle of Malad creek along its length

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Land filled road in the middle of Malad creek along its length

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Northern part of Malad Creek, Charkhop

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Road on stilts in middle of Malad creek crosses the Malad Marve road and connects to the Link road in Kandivli

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Coastal Road Alignment:

Road on stilts in middle of Malad creek crosses the Malad Marve road and connects to the Link road in Kandivli

SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE COASTAL ROAD | COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES (CSA) | OCTOBER 2015 Destruction of mangroves and construction of landfilled roads and stilt roads within creeks and estuaries will increase the risk due to flooding

IMAGE SOURCES:

Cover slide: Katy freeway in Houston, Texas – www.reddit.com (http://i.imgur.com/vsP6MyB.jpg)

Slide 6 : http://www.makemytrip.com/travel-guide/mumbai/priyadars hini-park-and-sports-complex-parks-gardens.html http://traveljee.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/priyadar shini-park-mumbai.jpg

Slide 13: http://discoverindiabyroad.blogspot.in/p/lost-mumbai.html https://www.pinterest.com/pin/450500768950513631/

Slide 17 https://www.flickr.com/photos/28028849@N02/330766838 1 http://dontletmeforgetthis.blogspot.com/

Slide 27 http://www.hindustantimes.com/photos/tabloid/thegrandeu rofmumbaismanyforts/article4-1222466.aspx http://bombaydiaries.bombayaddict.com/2006/04/bandra-fo rt-band-stand-photo-tour.html

Slide 28 https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forte_de_Bandra

Slide 29 http://mumbaipaused.blogspot.in/2012/01/haji-ali_05.html http://littlebirdbombay.com/2011/07/19/at-bandra-fort-afte r-the-rains/

Slide 30 COLLECTIVE FOR SPATIAL ALTERNATIVES Coastal Road DPR (EIA Report) www.csainquiry.wordpress.com

Slide 34 Email: www.esakal.com [email protected] Slide 39 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juhu#/media/File:Juhu_beach Shweta Wagh _%28Arial%29.jpg [email protected] http://wallpaperstock.net/juhu-beach-wallpapers_w13388.ht ml Hussain Indorwala Slide 57 [email protected] http://bmmann-motherearth.blogspot.in/2013/07/fires-des troying-charkop-mangroves.html