Insulation systems for metal and special roofs

www.foamglas.com

Contents

Aesthetics and a long service life 4

Flawless construction 6

Metal roof systems 8

Special roof systems 23

Building physics and technology 26

Passive fire protection 32

Excellent ecological profile 35

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Aesthetics and a long service life

In bygone centuries, metal was already being used as the A variety of design possibilities, roof covering material for technically and aesthetically economically demanding buildings. Even then, great master builders Metal roofs are unquestionably on the recognised the advantages. Metal’s long service life and way up. For a long time people have adaptability – even in complex roof landscapes – is very been discovering the material no longer just on churches, on public or commer - highly valued by architects and building contractors today cial buildings – it is being used more as well. And in fact, more and more. In combination with and more in residential buildings as a highly effective thermal insulation of FOAMGLAS ® – the well. Because even the most striking roof shapes can be clad with metal. safety insulation made of glass foam – metal and special Another thing that makes architects roofs can also prove to be economically viable because of and clients equally happy: Not only is the long term performance. something offered to the eyes: In addi - tion to aesthetics, metal roofs fulfil the

1 Spa, Alveneu 2 Penthouse, Palace Hotel, Gstaad 3 Eglise Ste-Thérèse de Lisieux, Fribourg

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4 most demanding requirements in terms of service life, and therefore economics. FOAMGLAS ® insulation: unrivalled performance Since metal roofs are nearly mainte - nance-free when expertly installed , the roof is also very economical in the long term.

Ecologically sensible system solutions 1 2 3 The “natural” building material is also valued for its positive ecological bal - ance sheet. Economics and ecology are virtually merged in it, and add value to structures. Metal roofs emphasise their ecological attractiveness because, for example, after the end use of the building both the covering materials 4 5 6 and the insulation – if it consists of FOAMGLAS ® – can be recycled. While metals can be re-used in a closed cycle for the production of “fresh material”, the glass foam insulation can be used, for instance, as insulating back filler material.

7 8 9 Crucial criterion: 1 Waterproof FOAMGLAS ® is waterproof because it consists of pure glass. Advantage: does Long service life not absorb any moisture and does not swell.

® Here metal especially distinguishes itself: 2 Pest-proof FOAMGLAS cannot rot and is pest-proof because it is inorganic. Advantage: insulation without risk, especially in the base area and the soil. No basis for nesting, Thus for example aluminium metal sheet breeding or seed germination. roofs 100 years old are encountered all ® over Europe. And the copper roof of 3 Compression-proof FOAMGLAS is extraordinarily in-compressible even with long-term loads due to its cell geometry without deformation. Advantage: use as load-bearing the Hildesheim cathedral has been thermal insulation without risk. “free of damage” for nearly 300 years. ® Titanium zinc alloy and high-grade 4 Incombustible FOAMGLAS cannot burn because it consists of pure glass. Fire behaviour: Classification according to EN 13501: A1. Advantage: storage and processing not steel, with applications appropriate to hazardous. No propagation of flames in the event of fire (chimney effect) in ventilation the system, also show a considerable space. expected service life according to cur - 5 Vapour-tight FOAMGLAS ® is vapour-tightbecause it consists of hermetically sealed glass rent knowledge. Thus it is not surpris - cells. Advantage: cannot soak through and already contains the vapour barrier. Constant ing that both public and private clients thermal insulation value over decades. Prevents the penetration of radon. increasingly bet on the functionality, 6 Dimensionally stable FOAMGLAS ® is dimen sionally stable because glass neither shrinks the safety and the aesthetics of metal. nor swells. Advantage: no dishing, contracting or creep. Low coefficient of expansion, nearly equal to that of steel and concrete.

7 Acid-resistant FOAMGLAS ® is resistant to organic solvents and acids because it consists of pure glass. Advantage: no destruction of the insulation by aggressive mediums and atmospheres.

8 Easy to work with FOAMGLAS ® is easy to work with because it consists of thin-walled glass cells. Advantage: with simple tools like a saw blade or hand saw, FOAMGLAS ® can be cut to any desired measurement.

9 Ecological FOAMGLAS ® is free of environmentally damaging flame retardants and propel- lants, no relevant eco-toxic components. Advantage: After generations of use as thermal insulation, FOAMGLAS ® can be used again: as filler in landscaping or thermally insulating granulate. Ecologically sensible recycling through re-use.

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1 Cendres et Métaux, Biel 2 Mattenhof school building, Zurich Flawless construction 3 University, Zurich 4 Central Bank, Vaduz It is essential, in combination with roof substrates or insulating materials, to choose the building components that represent both an ideal combination of materials with Secure basis for the metal and also guarantee lasting flawless thermal and non-ventilated metal roof building physics operation. FOAMGLAS ® has clear advantages over traditional insulating materials. The FOAMGLAS ® insulation is outstandingly suitable for the safety insulation consists of glass building and insulating of metal roofs. Various system solu - foam. Millions of the smallest, gas filled glass cells give it a high degree of tions guarantee that the monocoque unventilated roof in thermal insulating capability. The combination with metal sheet covering is one of the safest vapour barrier is already “built in” in and technically advanced options. the structure of the material.

Glass foam is the only insulating As a result the tiresome discussion of “warm roof – yes or material therefore that takes over no” can finally come to an end. the assignment of thermal insula - tion and vapour barrier in a single function.

In addition the high compressive strength supplies the special argument that the fastening of the metal sheet roof takes places not in the load-bear - ing base, but through adhering in the insulation layer itself. It is therefore free of thermal bridges.

Special roof systems

Both in new builds and in renovation projects there are roof structures that can be characterised as “special roof

6 systems”. They are usually chosen for roofs – with the most varied geometrical architectural, practical or acoustic rea - shapes, with smooth or curved surfaces sons. Even though this does not explic - and / or special covering materials and itly concern flat roofs, the demands of substrate structures. the insulation are comparable with those of a flat roof.

For decades the “FOAMGLAS ® compact roof principle” has proven itself due to its extraordinary properties. The refer - ence examples are meant to demon - strate that FOAMGLAS ® can also be used extremely advantageously for special Characteristics of warm roof construction with FOAMGLAS ®

Roof structure with long service life due to the combination of age-resistant building materials High-performance thermal protection with simultaneous lower structure heights Insulation value constant over the full operating life of the building Simple build-up in terms of structure and methods High building physics safety and low susceptibility to damage Minimal fire load; no propagation of fire Economical Independent of the roof slope with any roof size Can be used for practically all roof architectures

In the execution of metal roofs, titanium zinc alloy, aluminium, copper and stain - 2 less steel are in the foreground. These materials are processed on FOAMGLAS ® according to the specialist rules of the metal roof contracting trade.

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1 Copper 2 Titanium zinc alloy 3 Aluminium 4 High-grade steel 4

7 Metal roof systems

University of Zurich, Zurich

Architect Calatrava Santiago Valls SA, Zurich Execution 2002 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca. 1000 m 2, Type T4+, Thickness 150 mm, adhered Covering Pre-patined copper sheet metal covering, using the standing seam technique

When architects look for new aesthetic ments, in terms of both aesthetics and Aesthetics and forms of expression, correspondingly safety. FOAMGLAS ® offers great building safety united innovative solutions are demanded. It physics safety, is non-combustible and www.foamglas.com is also not surprising that in building in the event of a fire, does not propagate projects that are the focus of public the flames. At the same time it provides interest, like the University of Zurich, long-lived, high-performance thermal special requirements are made. These protection that remains unchanged buildings have to meet especially high over decades. safety standards because they accom - modate a large number of people and Build-up must guarantee their protection as well 1 Steel beams 8 as that of the objects kept in them. The 2 Wooden laminated boards ® 7 3 Separating layer of bitumen metal roof with FOAMGLAS thermal membrane ® insulation fulfils these stringent require - 9 6 4 FOAMGLAS T4+, 150 mm, in 5 hot bitumen 5 Hot bitumen casting 6 PC fastening boards (claw 4 plates) 7 Waterproofing single layer, 3 bituminous, 8 Separating layer, sound insu - 2 lating fleece 9 Pre-patined copper metal sheet covering

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8 Metal Roof Systems

Neues Museum, Museum Island, Berlin

Architects Association of Architects David Chipperfield, Berlin TGA Planung: JMP Jaeger, Mornhinweg+Partner, Berlin Construction 2005 – 2009 FOAMGLAS ® application Compact Roof, 1500 m 2, Type T4+ Tapered; and 2500 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 100 – 150 mm, adhered Covering Metal roofing, pre-patinated copper standing seam

The “Neues Museum” is a museum in Chipperfield and officially reopened in Thermally optimised Berlin, Germany, on Museum Island. October 2009. In 2010 it received the roof structure This beautiful building testifies to the RIBA European Award for architecture. www.foamglas.com neoclassical architecture of museums in In 1999, the Museum complex was also the 19th century. The museum houses added to the UNESCO list of World the Egyptian collection including Papyrus Heritage Sites. and other works of art, like the famous Nefertiti bust, collected from the time FOAMGLAS ® creates the perfect fusion of King Akhenaten. It also houses the between high performance and aesthe - Prehistoric and Early History collections. tics when a standing seam roof is speci - The museum was built between 1843 fied. Cold bridging is totally eliminated and 1855 from the design plans by by means of the unique fixing system. Friedrich August Stüler. It was closed at FOAMGLAS ® is guaranteed to perform the beginning of World War II in 1939 for the lifetime of the building. What Build-up but 70 years later the rebuilding was better can we expect to cover and pro - 1 Concrete deck overseen by the English architect David tect a museum houses pieces of art? 2 Bituminous primer 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ Tapered, 8 adhered with hot bitumen 7 6 4 Flood coat of hot bitumen 4 ® 5 5 Metal plates PC SP 150 / 150 6 Bituminous waterproofing 3 membrane 7 Separation layer 8 Copper standing seam 2

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9 Metal standing seam roof over aqua-park

Aquapark, Brno – Kohoutovice – CZ

Architect Atelier K4, Brno Construction 2009 – 10 Build-up FOAMGLAS ® Compact Roof with Metal standing seam roof, 2200 m 2 260 mm type T4 in 2 layers and 260 mm Ready Block in 1 layer, with serrated plates and bituminous membrane fully torched Surface finish Rheinzink Metal standing seam roof

The architects do not like limits… 7 Thermally optimised 6 Architecturally interesting concept of 4 roof structure the aqua-park roof with the “armadillo” www.foamglas.com 5 shape and with metal standing seam roof was confronted with the severe 3 conditions of building physics in roofs over swimming pools. Also the strict standards for roof U-value in Czech Republic had to be taken into account. After roofing experts evaluation the only one type of roof build-up could be used – FOAMGLAS ® compact roof. No other roof system could enable to create 2 Build-up 1 such a difficult shaped and elegantly 1 Wooden structure and OSB slim roof – but in the same time roof board 2 Bituminous primer subjected to intensive diffusion of water ® ® 3 FOAMGLAS T4 Slabs vapour. On FOAMGLAS compact roof 2 x 130 mm, Compact roof build-up it is possible to create smooth, system in hot bitumen uninterrupted metal standing seam finish 4 Waterproofing membrane continuously passing from roof to façade. (1 layer) 5 PC ® Metal plates 15 x 15 cm 6 Separation 7 Metal sheet

10 Metal roof systems

Ruggell church, Ruggell (Principality of Liechtenstein)

Architect Architekturbüro Bargetze + Partner, Vaduz, Principality of Liechtenstein Execution 1999 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca. 200 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 140 mm, adhered Covering of Uginox with standing seam technique

If there is a requirement for design rea - roof structures can be executed in an Where there is no sons, as there is here, for a flat sloping optimum way. FOAMGLAS ® is insula - moisture, no moisture sheet metal roof, the prerequisites for tion layer, vapour barrier and load- has to be removed thermal operation are no longer pres - bearing ceiling substrate for the metal www.foamglas.com ent. Ventilation and dehumidification roof in one. of the insulation are then prevented. What can be done? With FOAMGLAS ®, the vapour and water-tight insulation material of glass foam, unventilated

Build-up 8 1 In-situ concrete, in the fall 7 4 5 6 2 Bituminous primer 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 140 mm, in hot bitumen 4 Hot bitumen casting 3 5 PC fixing plates (claw plates) 6 Single layer waterproofing, 2 bituminous 7 Fleece separating layer 8 Sheet metal covering of Uginox 1

11 Metall roof system

“U” Tower, Dortmund. Centre for Modern Art & Creativity

Client City of Dortmund, Germany. Special funds Architect Gerber Architekten GmbH, Dortmund Construction 2010 redevelopment FOAMGLAS ® applications Metal roof system; 950 m 2, FOAMGLAS ® READY BOARD, 110 mm thick, bonded In total 8,300 m 2 of FOAMGLAS ® for different applications Covering Copper sheets, 0.7 mm thick, standing seam technique

“U” Tower in Dortmund is a listed For the 7 th floor, the original metal roof Inspiration for industrial building, where in the past was replaced by a FOAMGLAS ® warm creative minds the traditional Union-Beer was con- roof with copper standing seam sheets. www.foamglas.com ditioned in open pools. Today the buil- The FOAMGLAS ® system is installed on ding has become a powerful flagship steel deck sloping at 45°. The benefits for the region where the shift from an add up to: industrial age to the new Media Age is - Monocoque unventilated metal cove- on the way. For the Ruhr 2010 event r ing which means slim construction. European Capital of Culture, the con - - Hardly any thermal bridges. verted new Centre for Modern Arts - With a slim roof structure the connec- and the Creative Industry got their tion at the crown and the eaves is much Build-up start. An ambitious redevelop ment easier. 1 Steel deck, sloping at 45 ° 2 Adhesive, type SK-Fix scheme specified, the original brick - Elegant, technically fine solution that 3 FOAMGLAS ® READY BOARD, façade being conserved. Protec tion of allows the visitor to see the roof at close. 110 mm, bonded with the building’s structure and impro - - FOAMGLAS ® is all-in-one insulating SK-Fix adhesive vement for the room conditions was layer, vapour barrier and incom - 4 Meltable protective ® bitumen-backed layer achieved by the use of FOAMGLAS pres sible underlayment for the water - 5 PC ® fixing plates (claw plates) interior insulation. proofing and the sheet metal. 6 Single layer torch-on waterproofing, type polymer- 8 bitumen PYE PV 200 S5 6 7 7 Fleece separating layer 4 5 8 Copper sheet metal covering, 0.7 mm thick 3

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12 Roof with metal covering

Armed Forces Officers Club Abu Dhabi, UAE

Architect Roger Taillbert, France Execution refurbishment of roof buildup 2006 Application of FOAMGLAS ® on concrete shell with metal covering 25 000 m 2

The Officers Club in Abu Dhabi build in failed already. The client followed the Do it with the nineties as Hotel and conference architect’s recommendation and chooses FOAMGLAS ® and centre is still a popular hotel in the the FOAMGLAS ® compact roof build you don’t have to modern Abu Dhabi with comfortable up with a metal roof covering. Because do it again rooms and place for banquets and of the unique properties of the cellular www.foamglas.com meetings. The project often is visited glass insulation which can never absorb because of its interesting architecture any moisture, is non-combustible, no designed from the France Architect degradation and the highest safety in Roger Taillbert in a remarkable con - long term, the building is now protected crete structure. End of the nineties the for the next decades! roof required a refurbishment of the Build-up initially use sprayed Polyurethane ther - 1 Concrete roof deck 2 Primer coat mal Insulation and waterproofing which 3 FOAMGLAS ® slabs, laid in hot bitumen 4 Top coat of hot bitumen 5 PC ® metal fixing plate 10 150 x 150 mm 8 4 7 6 PC ® metal fixing plate 5 6 200 x 200 mm 3 7 Bituminous waterproofing membrane 8 Separating layer 2 9 Standing seam metal sheet 10 Profiled metal sheet

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13 Museum, metal roof system

Foto Meletitiki - Alexandros Tombazis

Archeological Museum, Delphi

Owner Hellenic Ministry of Culture Architect Meletitiki – Alexandros Tombazis, Athens Construction Refurbisment, 2002 FOAMGLAS ® application Roofs with metal covering / metal standing seam roofs, 1.152 m 2, type READY BOARD, 70 mm thick Roof finish Metal standing seam sheets

The building was first renovated in lated roof structures can be built in an FOAMGLAS ® 1958. In 2002 another renovation took optimum way. FOAMGLAS ® READY insulation, place by today’s prominent Greek BOARD is insulation layer, vapour-bar - vapour-barrier and architect Alexandros Tombazis. rier and load bearing subconstruction load bearing subcon- If there is a requirement for design rea - for the metal standing seam sheets. struction sons, as in this case, for a flat sloping The support of the metal covering on www.foamglas.com sheet metal roof, the prerequisites for FOAMGLAS ® was done with timber thermal circulation are not given. Ven- lathing, a technique that some wor - tilation and dehumidification of the kers are more familiar with. insulation are prevented in low sloping The other nowadays widely used tech - constructions. What can be done? With nique is to use PC fixing plates (claw FOAMGLAS ®, the vapour- and water - plates) which are pressed and hot- proof cellular glass insulation, unventi - bonded to the insulation surface. Roof structure 7 1 Concrete deck, sloping 6 2 Bitumen based primer 5 ® 4 3 FOAMGLAS READY BOARD, 70 mm, glued 4 PC fixing plates (claw plates) 3 5 Torch-on waterproofing membrane 6 Fleece separating layer 2 7 Sheet metal covering, standing seam

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14 Metal roof systems

Penthouse Palace Hotel, Gstaad

Architect Jaggi & Partner AG, Architektur und Planung, Gstaad Execution 2000 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca. 250 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 120 mm, adhered Covering of VM ZINC+ sheet metal using standing seam technique

The monopitch roof sloping slighting cally as well as ecologically and eco - A choice of materials to four sides is the combination of a nomically. Here in the mountains one that is great in steel substrate structure with a steel further system advantage is demonstrat - aesthetic, ecological deck covering, the FOAMGLAS ® is ad- ed: The roof has proven itself equal to and economic terms hered to it and finished with a cover - even the highest degree of wind suc - www.foamglas.com ing of titanium zinc alloy sheet metal. tion. Without additional mechanical This structure and choice of materials, fastening! This is hardly conceivable innovative for the region, has proven to with any other material. be an elegant solution whose advan - tages cannot be overlooked: aestheti -

Build-up 9 1 Steel girder structure 8 5 7 2 Steel deck 6 3 Bituminous primer 4 FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 120 mm, 4 in hot bitumen 5 Hot bitumen casting 3 6 PC fixing plates (claw plates) 7 Single layer waterproofing, bituminous 2 8 Fleece separating layer 9 VM Zinc+ sheet metal covering 1

15 Metal roof systems

Multi-purpose building, Dornbirn (Austria)

Architect ARGE Dipl. Ing. Leopold Kaufmann, Dipl. Ing. Oskar Leo Kaufmann, BM Johannes Kaufmann Execution 1998 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation ca. 5000 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 140 mm, adhered Covering of VM Zinc Quartz+ sheet metal, using standing seam technique

From the point of view of the architects, compact roof proved to be the ideal Innovative roof the special shape of the building sug - solution for the 80 m long roof surface structure with gested a sheet metal covering from the which is often covered by winter snow . long-term safety beginning. The choice fell unambigu - The 140 mm thick insulation layer www.foamglas.com ously on VM ZIN ® QUARTZ+. For build - results in a functioning vapour barrier. ing physics reasons the FOAMGLAS ® In the roof there are no uncontrolled air layers or intermediate spaces. The VM ZINC ®+ covering adapts itself har - moniously to the shape of the domed wooden structure. Build-up 9 1 Steel girders 8 5 7 2 Wooden shell 6 3 Separating layer of Bitumen 4 sheeting, nailed up for storm proofing 4 FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 140 mm, 3 2 in hot bitumen 5 Hot bitumen casting 6 PC fixing plates (claw plates) 7 Single layer waterproofing, bituminous 8 Fleece separating layer 1 9 VM Zinc Quartz+ sheet metal covering

16 Metal roof systems

Museum Tinguely / Niki de Saint Phalle, Fribourg

Architect Michel Waeber Architekt (Project), Jean-Claude Sauterel, Fribourg (Supervision of works) Execution 1998 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca 500 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 100 mm, adhered Covering of VM Zinc Quartz+ sheet metal, using standing seam technique

Here a century-old railway station with passive fire protection. FOAMGLAS ® FOAMGLAS ® fulfils the a turbulent history recently converted fulfils these demands. It is not com - stringent expectations into a museum. Thanks to FOAMGLAS ® bustible (Fire index number 6.3) and in terms of quality, it was possible to keep and enhance among insulating materials it is the long service life and the old building structure. Museums only material that neither smoulders fire protection are meant to protect: Therefore espe - nor gives off black smoke. www.foamglas.com cially high standards are also imposed for the building quality. This is true as well for the insulating material. The greatest attention must also be paid to

Build-up 1 Wooden formwork 2 Separating bitumen sheeting, nailed down for storm- proofing 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 100 mm, 8 in hot bitumen 7 4 6 4 Hot bitumen casting 5 5 PC fixing plates (claw plates) 6 Single layer waterproofing, 3 bituminous 7 Fleece separating layer 8 VM Zinc Quartz+ sheet metal 2 1 covering

17 Metal roof systems

Summit Station Glacier 3000, Les Diablerets

Architect Mario Botta, Lugano Execution 2001 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca. 400 m 2, Type T4+, 2-lagig, Tapered Roof System (Flat roof with sloping pavement), mean thickness 320 mm, adhered, 571 COMPOSIT fastening element with wooden support Covering of aluminium sheet metal, System KAL-ZIP

Safety from the floor to the roof. In Well insulated order to satisfy the stringent require - thermally ments, roof, floor, exterior and interior and safeguarded walls are thermally insulated with against fire FOAMGLAS ® and at the same time www.foamglas.com safeguarded in terms of fire protec - tion. The whole load-bearing structure 8 of steel is fully sheathed in the safety 5 6 insulation. The uppermost layer of roof insulation was installed with the ® 4 FOAMGLAS Tapered Roof System. 7 This provided the desired falls and was Build-up covered with an Aluminium roof sheet. 1 Steel girders 4 2 Steel deck 3 Duripanel slab ® 3 4 FOAMGLAS T4+, 320 mm, Tapered Roof System in hot 2 bitumen 5 Two-layer bituminous water - 1 proofing 6 Fleece separating layer 7 Composite fastening element 8 Sheet metal covering, Aluminium

18 Swimming pool, Compact Roof system with metal sheet

Swimming Pool, Litomyšl – CZ

Architect DRNH architektonická kancelář, Ing. arch. Smejkal, Ing. arch. Novák, Brno Realisation 2009 Thermal insulation 900 m 2, FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 2 x 150 mm Surface finish Rheinzink Metal standing seam roof

With an indoor swimming pool, the from end to end, and as a result forms Flawless building physics requirements for the the vapour barrier. building physics, shell are often complex. Condensate in It is possible to install FOAMGLAS ® long-lived structure the building structure can normally without ventilation and removes the www.foamglas.com only be prevented by ventilation, in the need for vapour control layers which case of traditional insulating materials. are often easily damaged. This is not the case with FOAMGLAS ®. The FOAMGLAS ® Compact Roof with Thanks to its physical structure, with metal standing seam is very universal millions of hermetically sealed glass and can be used on roofs with all types cells, FOAMGLAS ® is vapour tight of structures, slopes and shapes.

7 6 4 Roof structure 5 1 Wooden structure and OSB board 2 Bituminous primer 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ slabs, 2 x 150 mm, Compact Roof system in hot bitumen 3 4 Waterproofing membrane (1 layer) 5 PC ® fixing plates, 15 x 15 cm 2 6 Separation layer 1 7 Metal sheet

19 Metal roof systems

Sport complex OLYMP in Yuzhny (UKRAINE)

Architect Yuri Seregin Construction 2004 FOAMGLAS ® application insulation of the standing seam roof with FOAMGLAS ® READY BOARD 100 mm, 5200 m 2

FOAMGLAS ® insulation is outstandingly layer itself. It is therefore free of ther - Thermally optimized suitable for the building and insulating mal bridges. The main arch made in roof structure of metal roofs. Various system solu - the form of crescent-shaped trusses, www.foamglas.com tions guarantee that the monocoque has a span of 72 meters. Actually the unventilated roof in combination with project architects had been faced a dif - metal sheet covering is one of the safest ficult task – to design the light weight and technically advanced options. roof construction; which is able to FOAMGLAS ® is the only insulating withstand a rather strong wind and material that takes over the assign - snow resistance in the same time. To ment of thermal insulation & vapour solve this task, the FOAMGLAS ® cellu - barrier in a single function. In addition, lar glass insulation had been chosen. the high compressive strength supplies the special argument that the fasten - ing of the metal sheet roof takes Build-up places not in the load-bearing base, 1 Trapezoidal metal deck ® but through adhering in the insulation 2 FOAMGLAS READY BOARD, bonded with PC ® 11 3 Serrated fixing plate PC ® SP 150 / 150 4 Bituminous waterproofing 6 7 membrane 4 5 5 Separating layer 3 6 Standing seam metal sheet 7 Profiled metal sheet 2

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20 Special roof systems

Centrum Bank, Vaduz (Principality of Liechtenstein)

Architect Prof. Hollein, Vienna/Bargetze + Partner, Vaduz, Principality of Liechtenstein Execution 2002 Use of FOAMGLAS ® roof insulation, ca. 500 m 2, Type T4+, thickness 160 mm, adhered Covering of Andeer granite slabs

Banks place great value on roof struc - ture. The layers underneath it, in partic - Value retention and tures that are stable in value, with a ular the insulating material, must also long service life longer service life. Natural stone is an fulfil this criterion. Due to its specific through quality optimum covering material for this properties, FOAMGLAS ® is extremely products purpose. Covering that is high-ranking resistant to harmful effects of every www.foamglas.com in terms of quality does not suffice, kind, such as water penetrating over however, for guaranteeing a long serv - the joints. The quality and the value of ice life expectancy for the whole struc - the whole roof system are therefore retained during the entire operating life of the building.

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8 Build-up 1 In-situ concrete in the fall 2 Bituminous primer 7 6 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+, 160 mm, in hot bitumen 4 5 4 Two-layer bituminous water - proofing 3 5 Fleece separating layer 6 Protective concrete/trass cement sealed 2 7 Heat recovery 8 Ventilation 9 Andeer granite slabs 1

21 Pitched Roof with Tiles Finishing

DEUSTO University, Bilbao Spain

Architects Pedro Feduchi & Cesar Sans Gironella Application FOAMGLAS ® READY BLOCK 70 mm on steel deck 2000 m 2 Construction 2010 Finishing Tiles

In the early years of the XXth century Resources Centre projected by Rafael Sustainable Insulation Biscay needed new entrepreneurs and Moneo and it is linked to the University System managers to lead the new banks, steel by the Father Arupe Footbridge. In the www.foamglas.com factories, shipping yard companies and Abandoibarra bank of the River several other growing industries. The Project unique projects as the Guggenheim of “La Comercial” was undertaken by Museum, project by Frank Gehry, the José María Basterra and Emiliano Amann new UPV Building by Álvaro Siza and with a neoclassical façade. Among their Iberdrola Tower, projected by Richard students we can find hundreds of indi - Pelli, among other singular buildings vidualities of the industry and finance. define a hot architectural spot in Europe. The refurbishment project by architect Pedro Feduchi and Cesar Sans Gironella Build-up 1 Metal Deck during 2010 had as main purpose to 6 2 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ slabs keep the original. Close to it the Central 70 mm, compact roof system building of Deusto is the older one, in hot bitumen 5 and it is known as “La Literaria”. It was 3 Waterproofing membrane built following the project of Francisco 3 (1 layer) 4 PC ® Metal plates 15 x 15 cm 4 de Cubas y González Montes, Marquis of 5 Wood structure Cubas and José María Basterra. In 2002 6 Original Ceramic Tiles it was declared Historical Monument. 2 To the east side of this Building the Centenary Building, under the Project of César Sans Gironella, includes the known as New Building and the Glass Building. On the other bank of the river 1 Nervión was recently built the Deusto University Library – LCR (Learning

22 Ventilated Roof Covering with “Canal” Tiles

Saint-Jean Church, Saint-Jean de Monts (85)

Owner Ville de Saint-Jean de Monts Architect Seteb (85) Constuctor Michel Beneteau (49) Year 2009

® Whether the application is a standard 7 FOAMGLAS , pitched or low slope roof, a FOAMGLAS ® Long-term guaranteed Compact Roof ensures the integrity of 6 moisture and thermal both the insulation and waterproofing 5 protection functions. FOAMGLAS ® offers a mod - 4 www.foamglas.com ern solution to a traditional application 3 and will maintain the design identity of the traditional aesthetics with tiles 2 or slates. Its main features and bene - fits for the owner are un-rivaled: Impermeability to water penetration, preventing water tracking along its 1 surface in low pitch design; Total resistance to water vapour that gives a Build-up constant thermal performance over 1 Concrete substrate the lifetime of the building; Air-tight - 2 Glue 3 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ (8 cm) ness; Non-Combustible (Euro class A1); 4 Serrated fixing plate PC ® SP Inert (is 100 % inorganic and cannot 150 / 150 be attacked by insects, vermin, mould 5 Bituminous waterproofing and rodents); Zero Cold bridges. The membrane 6 Timber structure & ® FOAMGLAS warm roof build-up offers substructure the building owner the perfect balance 7 Tiles of performance and cost.

23 Ventilated Covering in Mountain Climate with “Lauze” Tiles

Swimming Pool Tignes (73)

Architect DHA (69) Owner Ville de Tignes Constructor SN Jean Chedal (73) Year 2005

For this particularly challenging project It’s a high performance system which FOAMGLAS ®, on a swimming pool roof in Tignes, meets all the required standards even Thermally optimised France, the roof covering not only has under the arduous internal conditions roof structure to perform as a thermal element and of high temperature, very high humidity www.foamglas.com waterproofing layer but also must with - and chlorine vapour. stand potential snow loads of 900 k g/m2. The final choice of covering chosen by the client and architect was a “Lauze” Tile as this has superior performance in such conditions. FOAMGLAS ® was also 11 used in the design thanks to its high Build-up compressive strength and its ability to 10 1 Timber substrate 2 Separating layer nailed on or achieve continuous thermal protection, 6 7 self-adhesive layer even in a such difficult environment. 9 3 Glue Whatever the roof design, (simple or 5 4 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ (12 cm) ® complex), the FOAMGLAS ® serrated 5 Serrated fixing plate PC SP 8 150 / 150 metal plates when fully adhered to the 4 3 6 Waterproofing membrane FOAMGLAS ® insulation and covered by 7 Trapezoidal length of wood 8 Waterproofing membrane a final waterproofing membrane, pro - 2 vide outstanding versatility (no through 9 Timber structure & substructure fixing and no thermal bridges). The 1 10 Timber support absence of mechanical fastener pro - 11 Lauze tiles finishing vides both peace of mind and reliability.

24 Pitched roofs, refurbishment of three 19 th century buildings

Byzantine and Christian Museum, Athens

Owner Hellenic Ministry of Culture Architects Manos Perakis + Associates Construction Refurbishment, 2009 – 2010 FOAMGLAS ® application Insulation of pitched roofs, READY BOARD, 670 m 2, 50 mm thick; concrete roofs T4+ slabs, 260 m 2, 50 mm thick Roof finish Byzantine tiles

Villa Ilissia, which houses the Byzantine Around 1930 the palace was turned to Pitched roof system, and Christian Museum, is one of the a museum that would house the extre - proven durability loveliest buildings erected in Athens mely valuable collections of Early www.foamglas.com during its early years as capital of the Christian and Byzantine art. newly-founded Greek State. It was built as a main residence for the The roofs of three 19 th century buildings Duchess of Plaisance by the famous were refurbished in 2009 only, using Greek architect of the time, Stamatis FOAMGLAS ® and Byzantine tiles as a Kleanthis. The presence of a personali - finish. A first class choice and continu - ty such as the Duchess, with a fascina - tion in durability and perfection. ting past, a formidable fortune, a sin - gular life-style and strange views, was an extraordinary event for Athenian society of the time. 6 Roof structure 5 1 Timber deck 2 Roofing sheet, nailed (basic protection during 4 construction) 3 FOAMGLAS ® READY BOARD 3 4 Waterproofing membrane 5 Support lathing and 2 cross lathing 6 Byzantine tiles 1

25 1

1 Multi-family home, St. Gallen, Uginox FTE sheet metal covering using standing Building physics and technology seam technique 2 Considerable amounts of condensation drip from the In the past people believed they could only solve conden - underside of the metal sation problems in metal roofs by virtually lifting the metal covering; the roof structure is subject to continuous covering from the load-bearing and insulating structure. moisture stresses. The ® fastening elements pierce With FOAMGLAS these problems can be eliminated through the sarking safely and sustainably. membrane. 3 Increased condensation formation underneath the metal covering. The cause: moisture-laden air current condenses on the “cold” In principle a structure is free of con - surface. 4 “White rust” as a result of densate if: condensation formation on the thermal insulation value of the the underside of the zinc building component layers increases covering. from the inside to the outside, i . e. the Lambda value becomes smaller the water vapour diffusion resist - ance of the building component layers decreases from the inside to the outside, i . e. the SD value becomes smaller.

At first glance, consideration of a struc - ture with metal covering reveals that 3

2 4

26 Outside temperature –15 °C Relative humidity outside 9 0% Partial water vapour pressure outside 148 Pa

Inside temperature +20 °C 5 Relative humidity inside 6 0% Partial water vapour pressure inside 1404 Pa this principle is reversed here, because the metal layer, with the worst thermal insulation value and the highest water Direction of the water vapour diffusion current vapour diffusion resistance, is on the outside. This approach assumes the 6 diffusion-proof nature of the metal covering that does not exist in reality.

ent and functioning must also be Ventilated roofs of kept to a small amount through thin sheet metal appropriate construction measures. The air conduction in the structure An air layer between the roof skin and must be designed in such a way as the substructure diverts moisture that to guarantee the most continuous diffuses in over the inner building com - possible flow of air. ponents, which are in the “right” order To reduce the amounts of moisture dif - in terms of building physics. fusing into the structure, the build-up of layers underneath the air layer must Basically this principle of the separa - be carried out in such a way that suffi - tion of functions is still correct. On the cient resistance is put up against the other hand there are also limits to use diffusion pressure. Therefore in light- here, which are set by construction weight structures a so-called vapour constraints or outside influences and seal is incorporated underneath the can lead to a situation where a struc - insulation, usually in the form of a ture executed in this way is not pro - plastic film. In theory this eliminates tected against condensate loss in every the problems. case.

This double-shell ventilated structure Ventilation not without problems does not “forgive” faults in execution at all. It does not cope well with leak - However, problems often arise in the ing points in the substructure or indeed area where the membranes overlap with missing diffusion barriers or dam - and above all in the wall joins, places ages. where the roof is pierced, etc. Due to joints that are not sufficiently closed, room air streams into the structure as Factors with an influence a result of pressure differences. The on the removal of moisture amount of water vapour penetrating 5 Vapour diffusion processes Direction of the water vapour amounts to a multiple of what could diffusion current with temper - The function of a ventilated metal cov - be introduced through diffusion. The ature gradients from inside ering, to remove moisture that diffuses large amount of water vapour can no to outside. Is there really in, is dependent on various factors. longer be removed quickly enough; diffusion impermeability? 6 Suction effect through the The moisture that diffuses into saturation of the air flow occurs, with ventilation with open joints the structure with ventilation pres - the result of condensation and water in the vapour seal.

27 ingress into the insulation. The conse - should be executed as slits that pass quences are energy losses due to the through and must be of a sufficient room air flowing out and through the size. decrease in the insulating capacity as a result of condensation formation – to The thermal relations are determined say nothing of the probable damages by the temperature difference with the in the structure. outside air.

Attention must therefore be given to The insulation values required today the air and wind impermeability of the due to the thermal protection regula - vapour barrier connections, also and tions minimise the passage of heat so specifically with ventilated structures. that the warming of the air layer due to heat passing from the inside of the building which is necessary for the Air current thermal relations can hardly take place.

For removing small amounts of mois - ture diffusing into the ventilation space, Problem of secondary the most continuous possible air flow condensation is necessary. The velocity of the venti - lation current is primarily dependent Conversely, under some circumstances on two factors: there is even the danger that at low the ventilation path temperatures with high humidity – frost the ventilation height (slope) and freez e/thaw – the outside air pen - etrating into the ventilation space will Ideally the best thermal relationships also form water or hoarfrost on the arise in an air layer that is as steep as underside of the roof surface and in possible, because the ratio of height to this way moisture will be brought into air path length is the most favourable. the structure, so-called secondary con - densation.

Openings for intake and outflow These points alone already make it clear that a ventilated structure is not The position and shape of the open - always without risks. If a few imperfec - ings for intake and outflow must also tions or faults come together in the 7 Ventilation path and height be given great attention. The openings shaping of the shifted air layer, it can 8 Multi-family houses, Zurich, compact roof with sheet metal covering – roof inclina - tion too small for functional ventilation

LH

LW ideal

LH

LW 7 not so good 8

28 ® 1 FOAMGLAS : Free of hollow spaces – Without holes 2 – Compact

3 FOAMGLAS ® overcomes the weaknesses of single-shell unventilated roofs

1 Substrat e/Load-bearing structure 2 FOAMGLAS ®, compactly adhered 3 Bitumen waterproofing membrane

9 result in condensation dripping off into the building components, resulting in Dryness Mist Drizzling Rain damage to the substructure.

Unventilated roofs of thin sheet metal

For a long time metal roofs have been executed as a monocoque (single shell), if this is necessary for design reasons and if the conditions do not allow ventilation, for example in large, flat sloping roofs. Since this construction principle Moisture in the roof build-up assembly offers a great many advantages when executed properly, in the future it will be accepted more and more. reduced through this; openings for air intake and outflow, which are costly in money and construction time, are elim - New, advantageous possibilities inated; and the designer has greater freedom of design. Not least, the work In particular the differentiated roof is simpler for the metal roofing con - geometries of modern architecture, tractor, and risks such as rain or snow high demands for thermal protection entering through ventilation openings and the development of innovative are excluded. sheet metal roof systems, such as e.g. the FOAMGLAS ® compact roof with The ability of a monocoque metal roof sheet metal covering, lead to the system to operate depends essentially expectation of a further development on whether moisture is brought into in the direction of the unventilated the roof structure. In principle mois - roof. In addition there is the fact that ture can penetrate into the roof in processors are increasingly becoming three ways: familiar with this technique, supported not least by the specialist rules for 1. Leaking of rain in the upper deck monocoque unventilated metal cover - shell ings. If the diffusing of moisture into 2. Building moisture during the the structure is ruled out by the incor - assembly phase poration of a vapour barrier or a vapour- 3. Condensation as a result of water proof insulation like glass foam on the vapour diffusion / condensate as inner side of the structure, continuous a result of moisture transport ventilation of the metal covering is no through air currents through leaks longer necessary. Where there is no in the roof structure 9 Secondary condensation. Outside air streaming in con - moisture, none must be removed. denses on the underside of The height of the roof build-up is On point 1 and 2: An important con - the roofing.

29 dition for a warm roof free of damage Through the butt joint adhering of the consists in no moisture being incorpo - FOAMGLAS ® slabs, the insulating layer rated between air-seal layer and the in the installed system is resistant against bituminous membrane and in the insu - vapour diffusion and has airtight joints. lation not getting wet during the installation phase. If there is unwanted In the case of roof structures with moisture between the two sealing lay - FOAMGLAS ® the question does not ers (vapour seal and bituminous mem - arise as to whether – e . g. with ventila - brane) there is a danger that the struc - tion layer or actively breathing, costly ture will be damaged because drying intermediate layers – the accumulated out takes place slowly. Incorporated moisture can be removed. Or as to building moisture, in addition, increas - whether as a result of labour-inten- es the building physics load on the sively executed vapour / air barrier the bituminous membrane and can lead to warm roof principle also actually works. condensate dripping off and incrusta - tion of fouling matter from micro- FOAMGLAS ® prevents the passage of organisms on the underside. moisture in the form of water or water vapour. The dew point lies in the closed On point 3: As with a ventilated struc - cellular insulation layer. Due to this the ture as well, the execution of the wind, FOAMGLAS ®-insulation layer remains air and water-proof vapour barrier has uncritical and indestructible in terms of crucial significance for the ability of building physics. the monocoque structure to function. A vapour barrier is always required with traditional systems, even with substruc - For the most stringent tures with high diffusion resist ance like requirements concrete. Dew point displacement through water The wind and water-proof execution accumulation in the insulating materials of the butt joints and edge joints also or deterioration of the thermal insulat - has decisive significance here. Roof ing properties cannot take place with edges, eaves, verges and roof penetra - FOAMGLAS ®. In addition the high tions require extreme care in execu - degree of compression resistance pro - tion. The effects of open joints and vides the special argument that the edge joints cause problems similar to fastening of the metal roof covering those with the double-shell ventilated takes place not in the load-bearing execution. backing – and therefore encumbered with thermal bridges – but rather through adhering in the insulation lay - FOAMGLAS ®: er itself. a guarantee of safety With other roof structures with a sepa - As a compression resistant, vapour and rate vapour barrier, on the other hand, 10 How securely can air barriers and vapour barriers be ® water-proof insulation, FOAMGLAS the vapour sealing layer is interrupted connected to the edge of offers product-specific plus points and or perforated. Condensate in the insu - the roof? unambiguous answers to critical ques - lation layer and corrosion of the fas - 11 Clear formation of folds in tions concerning unventilated metal teners are then as much to be feared the air and vapour barrier. The result: air streaming roofs. as thermal bridges. through carries moisture into the insulation layer package. Thermal insulation and vapour barrier. No water can accumulate in the closed cellular structure. FOAMGLAS ® is insu - lating layer, vapour barrier and load- bearing deck substrate for the metal roof “in one”. In the compact installa - tion procedure, the insulating layer blocks the diffusion and air current in all directions – and not only as a limit - ed thin layer vapour barrier. 10 11

30 The use of FOAMGLAS ® leads to a warm If for example a conventional sheet roof structure that corresponds to the metal roof system with mineral wool highest performance requirements in insulation slabs of compression-resistant terms of thermal technology and build - quality, in combination with the pene - ing physics, and in addition can be trating fasteners typical for the system, built using suitable craftsmanship pro - is compared with the FOAMGLAS ®- cedures. compact roof with sheet metal cover - ing, a decreased insulation thickness in favour of FOAMGLAS ® is revealed. The Hardly any thermal bridges or reason: FOAMGLAS ® insulation struc - heat losses with FOAMGLAS ® tures do not require any mechanical fasteners that penetrate to take up the In the traditional warm roof, e . g. with covering. Heat losses due to thermal mineral fibres or plastic foam, mechan - bridges are also correspondingly min - ical connectors must be anchored imised. through the insulation layer into the load-bearing substrate. Depending on the way the inside space is used and on the humidity, there are risks of cor - rosion and condensation formation, in particular with low outdoor tempera - tures.

Metal covering Fasteners Conventional insulation

Vapour barrier Steel deck

In the warm roof with e . g. mineral fibres or rigid plastic foam, fastening is done mechanically between the metal covering and the load-bearing shell. The result: thermal bridges! In addition there is the question: How secure is the vapour / air barrier?

Fasteners Metal covering Waterproofing 1-layer, bituminous

PC fixing plates (claw plates) FOAMGLAS ® T4+ Steel deck

FOAMGLAS ® insulation structures do not require any mechanically penetrating fastening devices to take up the covering. The sheet metal covering is assembled with “claw plates” (PC ® fixing plates).

31 1

1 Fire spreading over facade and roof is often the cause of devastating total damages. Passive fire protection 2 Sheet metal roofs create spe - cial requirements in the event After fires, heated discussions are often ignited about of fire. responsibility and protection against fires. Here the ques - tion of insulation materials also often plays a central role. Scientific investigations clearly show: FOAMGLAS ® can contribute conclusively to passive fire protection. The Prevention begins with the choice of materials: safety insulation is not only absolutely non-combustible, but also develops no black smoke or toxic gases. “Fire disaster”, “Indications that there were infringements against the fire pro - tection regulations“, “Swift spread of the fire favoured”, “Flaming Inferno”. Headlines of this kind make it clear: Precisely in the roof area – perhaps in spite of legally fulfilled fire protection conditions – building fires can only be extinguished with difficulty.

2

32 It is all the more important to pay properties of insulating materials many attention to prevention. Through the hold the danger of such smouldering choice of suitable building materials and fires: air (oxygen) can stream through roof systems the risk of a fire breaking the building material, even though not out, above all also of the fire spreading completely unhindered. Not so with through hollow spaces and through FOAMGLAS ®: The closed cell struc - combustible materials, can be signifi - ture of the glass foam insulation cantly lessened. FOAMGLAS ®, the safety prevents this. insulation of glass foam, and the com - pact roof system free of hollow spaces, Prefabricated metal roof insulating have already done this in many cases. elements of rigid foam with timber structure: And how does it look with metal roof insulating elements – of rigid Smouldering fires as foam, with inlaid timber structures – a special hazard for warm roof structures?

Fires of this kind primarily spread inside Rigid foam insulating materials, e . g. building components and therefore polystyrene or polyurethane, are com - often remain unnoticed for a long time. bustible. While the fire processes drip Sometimes hours can pass between the off material residues, which likewise hidden fire and the breakout of the burn. Especially in the area of public open fire. The physical and chemical buildings, in connection with rooms

Fire brigade reports in practice:

“... metal roofs make attacking extinguishing through the fire escape more difficult. It is almost impossible to bring water from above into the building, since the roof, to the extent that it does not cave in, remains sealed even with great heat. In this case it is urgent that openings be made. This could only be done with heavy construc - tion machinery. Through the struc - ture of the roof (hollow space) the fire was able to extend over the whole building ...”

“... Since targeted extinguishing with water was not possible through the sheet metal roof, the fire service used a thermal imaging camera and high expansion foam generator. By recognising the source of fire by means of the camera, tar - geted extinguishing was enabled and post-ignition through flooding of the roof area with the high expansion foam generator was averted ...”

33 that are used for gathering purposes, FOAMGLAS ® provides real preventive fire in office complexes as well as in build - protection ings of the catering trade, the use of combustible material has to be ruled FOAMGLAS ® safety insulation consists of pure foamed glass and is out. absolutely non-combustible (Combustibility class A, Fire index no. 6.3, not combustible, approved by the VFK with TA No. 5273). Due to the closed cell structure of FOAMGLAS ® no fire-fuelling oxygen FOAMGLAS ® : Neither thick smoke can reach the source of the fire. nor poisonous gases FOAMGLAS ® is vapour tight. The passage of hot conflagration gases or their propagation in the insulation is excluded. The safety insulation It does not always have to be a “flam - prevents the spreading of fire. ing hell” when fire disasters are spoken of. One is reminded for instance of the disasters of the Düsseldorf airport (1995) with 17 victims or the Montblanc Tunnel (1999), in which 39 people lost their lives. In both cases toxic gases from insulation that was technologically problematic in terms of fire (Düsseldorf polystyrene, Montblanc polyurethane) played a deadly role.

FOAMGLAS ® however, develops neither thick smoke nor toxic gases. In matters of fire protection FOAMGLAS ® is not comparable with any other so-called “non-combustible” insulation. The dif - 3 4 ference results also from the fact that FOAMGLAS ® does not smoulder in the event of fire, and consequently does not cause any passing on of the fire.

FOAMGLAS ® melting point > 1000 °C

According to german DIN 4102-17 the melting point of FOAMGLAS ® was test - ed at MPA Braunschweig Institute (D). More than 50 % of the insulation thickness lasted the 90 minute fire 5 period without significant damage. As an official result the melting point is > 1000 °C.

General protection with FOAMGLAS ® in case of fire: Melt Shield-Effect

Comparable as a thermal protection shield the melted glas surface of the flame treated area is protecting the 3 No propagation of flames in the event of fire. FOAMGLAS ® lower cell structure. The temperature is absolutely non-combustible on bearing structure is remaining low. 4 Conclusion after test FOAMGLAS ® is defending the building procedure: FOAMGLAS ® structure in case of fire. melting point > 1000 °C. 5 Experimental setup for testing the melting point of FOAMGLAS ®.

34 1

Excellent Ecological profile

FOAMGLAS ® insulation systems are stable under all con - Typically 60 %+ of the raw material is ditions of use and protects the owner from unexpected recycled glass. A very low percentage of carbon is added during manufactur - expenditures for heating or expensive replacement of the ing which makes the charcoal grey insulation or repair. FOAMGLAS ® systems safeguard the color of the insulation. In the cellulat - environment one way or another. They allow for energy ing furnace the soft, viscous glass is foamed through release of carbon saving and, from the cradle to the grave, they do not dioxide (CO 2) and forms millions of air - contribute to environmental pollution, a safe product tight glass cells enclosing the gas. This consistent with the principles of building physics. Cellular closed cell glass structure ensures full resistance to the transmission of vapor glass is certified to standards of health and indoor air (resistance to water vapor transmission quality. Ecologically viable product recycling is possible in μ = oo). the case of building demolition.

1 Renewable energy sources are increasingly used in FOAMGLAS ® production. Production and composition 2 FOAMGLAS ®: millions of airtight glass cells FOAMGLAS ® manufacturing is two sub-processes. In the first part of the process the recycled glass is melted and subsequently batched with the remaining raw materials and crushed in a mill. In the second sub-process the powder mix passes in the cellulating furnace at high temperature where FOAMGLAS ® cellular glass is foamed – comparable to the process of fermen - tation in bread baking. 2

35 Environmentally friendly production FOAMGLAS ® manufacturing (Tessenderlo Plant, Belgium) The raw materials used in the 1 FOAMGLAS ® production are inherently mineral and thus environmentally friendly. Principal raw material is recy - cled glass. Further raw materials are feldspar, sodium carbonate, iron oxide, 2 manganese oxide, carbon, sodium sul - fate and sodium nitrate. By the intro - 3 duction of recycled glass into the pro - 4 duction FOAMGLAS ® makes a relevant contribution to the protection of the 9 environment.

5 Minimal environmental pollution 6 Due to improvements in process engi - neering and in the energy supply (com - 7 ing from hydro electric energy and wind turbines) significant progresses has been 9 achieved in recent years regarding air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, 10 8 consumption of energy and resources: The demand for non-renewable energy was reduced 4.24 kW h/kg. Greenhouse gas emissions have been halved. The percentage of recycled glass 13 was progressively increased from 11 0 % to 30 and to 60 %. The environmental pollution score (UBP97) was reduced from 1619 to 743 points. 12 The eco-indicator (EI99 H, A) dropped from 0.13 to 0.09 points.

1 Mixing and batching of the raw materials: Recycled glass, feldspar, sodium carbonate, Reduction of the production energy iron oxide, manganese oxide, sodium sulphate, sodium nitrate. means that the time period for energy 2 The melting furnace has a constant temperature of 1250 °C. amortization of the investment in ther - 3 Molten glass is drawn out of the furnace. mal insulation – as an important evalu - 4 Control room for monitoring the production. ation unit – is considerably reduced. 5 The glass is drawn off and falls onto the conveyor band where it cools down before entering into the ball mill. 6 Addition of “carbon black”. 7 Ball mill grounds all ingredients into a fine powder before putting into stainless steel moulds. 8 The filled moulds pass through a cellulating oven (Foaming furnace) with a temperature of 850 °C. This is where the material gains its unique cell structure. 9 Energy recovery of heat. 10 The FOAMGLAS ® blocks pass through an annealing oven to allow carefully controlled cooling of them without thermal stress. 11 The blocks are cut to size and sorted by batch. Production waste is recycled. 12 FOAMGLAS ® slabs are then packaged, labelled and palletized. 13 Finished FOAMGLAS ® products are stored and prepared for transport.

36 FOAMGLAS ® stands comparison The environemental pollution score (UBP 2006**) for the production and waste disposal of FOAMGLAS ® is 903 point s/kg (insulation). This puts FOAMGLAS ® into the pole position in eco-balance. Other insulation products show points between 2020 (stone wool) and 8490 (Extruded polystyrene).

Cellular glass 14.9 888 903 Stone wool 26.9 1990 2020 Expanded 2000 polystyrene (EPS) 3220 5210 Polyisocyanurate (PUR) 1800 4300 6100 Extruded 2000 polystyrene (XPS) 6490 8490

UBP / kg 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 Waste disponal Production total

Compared to surfaces, with a specified insulation value of 0,20 W/m2K, FOAMGLAS ® performs very well. The environ - mental pollution score (UBP 2006**) of cellular glass is 17 157 points (FOAMGLAS ® W+F), 21 807 points (FOAMGLAS ® T4+) per square meter. Other insulation products show 23 790 points (PUR), 26 571 points (EPS), 46 056 points (stone wool) and 53 232 points (XPS) for an identical U-value (see table).

FOAMGLAS ® W+F 17 157 FOAMGLAS ® T4+ 21 807 Polyisocyanorate (PUR) 23 790 Expanded polystyrene (EPS) 26 571 Stone wool 46 056 Extruded polystyrene (XPS) 53 232 UBP / m 2 0 20 000 40 000

ρλD*dweight UBP* UBP Insulation per m 2 per kg per m 2

kg / m 3 W / mK m kg / m 2 UBP / kg UBP / m 2

FOAMGLAS ® T4+ 115 0.041 0.21 24.15 903 ~ 21 807

FOAMGLAS ® W+F 100 0.038 0.19 19.00 903 ~ 17 157

Polyisocyanorate (PUR) 30 0.026 0.13 3.90 6100 ~ 23 790

Stone wool 120 0.038 0.19 22.80 2020 ~ 46 056

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) 30 0.034 0.17 5.10 5210 ~ 26 571

Extruded polystyrene (XPS) 33 0.038 0.19 6.27 8490 ~ 53 232

* The data are taken from building database KBOB / EMPA, june 2009. ** The environemental pollution score (UBP 2006) quantifies the pollution coming from resources, water consumption, emissions into air, water and ground and also for the waste disposal. The environment pollution through grey energy and global warming are included in the UBP score.

37 World resources Emissions / nuisance during thermal combustion of polystyrene installation and use insulation, which clearly indicated that The principal raw material of released fumes are acutely toxic. Serious FOAMGLAS ® production today is select - Cellular glass does not release harmful adverse health effects in the long-term ed recycled glass (in the past the main or toxic components into the environ - cannot be excluded. Even with com - raw material was silica sand). The sup - ment. It does not contain green house bustion in a waste incineration plant, plies of recycled glass are ample, as in gases or ozone depleting products, no there is high impact to the environ - the construction and other industries flame retardant and no con-taminative ment, as annually several thousand tons large quantities amass and have to be or carcinogenic particles and fibers. of slag and filter residue have to be disposed of as waste. Plastic foam When recommended installation instruc - transported to special disposal sites. insulation, however, is produced from tions are followed, cellular glass insula - The non-combustibility of cellular glass crude oil, which is a non renewable tion does not produce emissions that makes the toxicity issues irrelevant. fossil fuel. degrade the environment or health, at production, installation nor use.

FOAMGLAS ® cellular glass insulation products now with Emissions in case of fire natureplus label Natureplus, an international organisa - Dumping and burning of construction tion for the development of a culture waste is most critical for the environ - of sustainability within the building ment, even in small quantities. In par - sector, has selected cellular glass ther - ticular plastic foam materials are classi - mal insulation from Pittsburgh Corning fied as harmful. In the case of burning Europe SA as a green building product of these materials high levels danger - and awarded the natureplus quality ous emissions are released than in com - label. “Cellular glass thermal insulation bustion in an incineration plant. Studies natureplus – The European quality seal by Pittsburgh Corning Europe SA ideally have been conducted in Germa ny on for approved green building products. meets the quality requirements for a sustainable construction product”, noted Uwe Welteke-Fabricius, president of Ecological assessment for different thermal Insulation materials. natureplus e .V., when handing-in the e certificate. The natureplus quality seal is e r c i f n s

r a the symbol of recognition for building f e o g y m k

r r n g e i g l r o o products with a high level of quality in s f c n e a i r w y r c n

e c

r u the areas of health, the environment e p e

n o

d i f n R

n

s s s / m o

o e e i l r and functionality. Pittsburgh Corning’s i n n t t c c a e o o r c c t s n ® i i - u u u s s a FOAMGLAS types W+F, T4+, S3 and F o g s s s o d d i i p i s n s o o u i e r r m m from the Tessenderlo plant (Belgium) o L P R N E E D p are tested and certified successfully. Glass wool

Stone wool Service life Cellulose insulation Having outstanding qualities (mineral, Pure expanded cork impermeable to water and vapor, resist - ant to acids, non-combustible, high- Expanded polystyrene temperature resistant), cellular glass is a very durable material. The long service Extruded polystyrene life of the material has very positive Polyurethane (PUR) effects, ecologically and financially, on the service-life of the construction and, FOAMGLAS ® consequently, on the life of the build - ing. Maintenance and replacement cycles can significantly be reduced by Very good Acceptable Critical Very critical the use of durable materials.

Positive ecological assessment for FOAMGLAS ®: Source: Cellular glass insulation, a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solution. [Schaumglas-Dammstoff, Wirtschaftlich und umweltver - traglich Dammen.] Markus Welter, Lucerne

38 ® Waste disposal FOAMGLAS – a valuable contribution to the protection of the environment. In the assessment of insulation materi - als one consideration is repercussions Today FOAMGLAS ® is made from 60 %+ recycled glass. The FOAMGLAS ® on the environment from waste dis - manufacturing concept is waste reduction and green energy utilisation. posal. There are significant differences For the FOAMGLAS ® production only energy from renewable sources is between the various insulation prod - used. ucts. In total evaluation – and consid - Environmental pollution during manufacturing has halved when ering the scarcity of raw materials – as compared to 1995. documented in eco-balance data sheets FOAMGLAS ® insulation meets all environmental and health for the building industry, plastic foam requirements for construction products. insulation receives poor ratings for envi - At the end of its service-life FOAMGLAS ® disposal is simple. One option ronmental pollution. is the use of recycled cellular glass as infill in trenches or back-up for buried pipes. FOAMGLAS ® has an outstanding service-life, which is clearly the best for Recycling the environment. On balance: FOAMGLAS ® is an insulation concept fit for the future that Cellular glass being non-combustible, gives an answer to the genuine concerns for the environment. The system combustion in a waste incineration plant ensures that all demands on performance, durability, environmental is not a possibility. An option is the integrity and sustainability are fulfilled. recycling of cellular glass as crushed stone (for bedding in road construc - tion) or infill material for noise barriers. Recycled FOAMGLAS ® is a safe and suitable product for these applications, as it is dimensionally stable, neutral for the environment, inorganic, rot-proof and without any risks for the ground water (meets ELUAT-test requirements). If crushed and recycled FOAMGLAS ® is not used as bedding or infill material, 3 4 it can be taken to an inert waste dis - posal site, like crushed concrete or 3 The percentage of recycling brick. glass in the FOAMGLAS ® production is from 30 to 60 %. 4 Crushed FOAMGLAS ® –a recycled filler material for trenches. 5 FOAMGLAS ® Environmental product declaration (according to ISO 14025) confirms the sustainable and ecological value of FOAMGLAS ®.

5

39 www.foamglas.com

Pittsburgh Corning Europe NV FOAMGLAS ® Distributors Lasne Business Park, Building B Chaussée de Louvain 431, B-1380 Lasne Phone + 32 2 352 31 70 [email protected]

Pittsburgh Corning Europe NV Headquarters Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) Albertkade 1, B-3980 Tessenderlo www.foamglas.com

FOAMGLAS ® Distributor

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The green solution now with 60 % recycled glass

ELUAT – elution test. FOAMGLAS ® meets the requirements of ELUAT test (Investi gative report EMPA Nr. 123544 A, based on the successful testing of bitumen coated FOAMGLAS ® specimens). According to declaration scheme D.093.09 of the Swiss Technical Directive for Waste Management [Technischen Verordnung über das Abfallwesen (TVA)], FOAMGLAS ® is an authorised material for inert waste disposal sites.

Copyright June 2012. The product information and technical details contained in this brochure are accurate, according to our research and technical programme, at the point of going to press. We reserve the right to make any changes to the construction or product range, which seam technically appropriate, in view of our high standards for product advancement and development. All up-to- date data can be found under the button products on our website: www.foamglas.com

HG-GL-1500-0612 B-Distr-en-BRO-0004b Cover picture: Fotograf Dieter Stauss, Dornbirn